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  • Perez-Sorribes, Laia
    et al.
    Estn Biol Donana, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Seville, Spain..
    Villar-Yanez, Pau
    Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain..
    Smeds, Linnea
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics.
    Mergeay, Joachim
    Res Inst Nat & Forest, Geraardsbergen, Belgium.;Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ecology Evolut & Biodivers Conservat, Leuven, Belgium..
    Comparing Genetic Ne Reconstructions Over Time With Long-Time Wolf Monitoring Data in Two Populations2024In: Evolutionary Applications, E-ISSN 1752-4571, Vol. 17, no 10, article id e70022Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many methods are now available to calculate N e , but their performance varies depending on assumptions. Although simulated data are useful to discover certain types of bias, real empirical data supported by detailed known population histories allow us to discern how well methods perform with actual messy and complex data. Here, we focus on two genomic data sets of grey wolf populations for which population size changes of the past 40-120 years are well documented. We use this background to explore in what detail we can retrieve the known population history from these populations, in the light of pitfalls relating to population history, sampling design and the change in the spatial scale at which N(e )is estimated as we go further back in time. The Scandinavian wolf population was founded in the early 1980s from a few individuals and has gradually expanded up to 510 wolves. Although the founder event of the Scandinavian population was detected by GONE, the founding effective population size was strongly overestimated when the most recent samples were used, but less so when older samples were considered. Nevertheless, the present- day N-e corresponds to theoretical expectations. The western Great Lakes wolf population of Minnesota is the only population in the contiguous United States that persisted throughout the 20th century, surviving intense persecution. We found a good concordance between the estimated Ne e and trends in census size data, but the reconstruction of Ne e clearly highlights the difficulty of interpreting results in spatially structured populations that underwent demographic fluctuations.

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  • Capasso, Salvatore
    et al.
    Univ Salerno, Lab Environm & Maritime Hydraul, Fisciano, SA, Italy..
    Tagliafierro, Bonaventura
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering. Univ Politecn Catalunya BarcelonaTech, Barcelona, Spain.;Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Nat & Built Environm, Belfast, North Ireland..
    Martinez-Estevez, Ivan
    Univ Vigo, Environm Phys Lab, CIM UVIGO, Orense, Spain..
    Altomare, Corrado
    Univ Politecn Catalunya BarcelonaTech, Barcelona, Spain..
    Gomez-Gesteira, Moncho
    Univ Vigo, Environm Phys Lab, CIM UVIGO, Orense, Spain..
    Göteman, Malin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Electricity.
    Viccione, Giacomo
    Univ Salerno, Lab Environm & Maritime Hydraul, Fisciano, SA, Italy..
    Development of an SPH-based numerical wave-current tank and application to wave energy converters2025In: Applied Energy, ISSN 0306-2619, E-ISSN 1872-9118, Vol. 377, article id 124508Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This research proposes a high-fidelity based numerical tank designed to analyze the modified hydrodynamics that develops in waves-current fields, aimed at generating power matrices for wave energy converters (WEC). This tank is developed within the open source DualSPHysics Lagrangian framework using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method, validated with physical data, and applied to simulate a point-absorber WEC. Our proposed numerical facility implements open boundary conditions, employing third-order consistent wave theory for direct generation, with flow field constrained by a Doppler correlation function. Reference data is collected from dedicated physical tests for monochromatic waves; the wave-current numerical basin demonstrates very high accuracy in terms of wave transformation and velocity field. In the second segment of this paper, a current-aware power transfer function is computed for the taut-moored point-absorber Uppsala University WEC (UUWEC). Parametrically defined regular waves with uniform currents are utilized to map an operational sea state featuring currents of different directions and intensities. In terms of power capture capabilities, the modified dynamics observed in presence of currents translates in a dependence of the WEC's power matrix not only on wave parameters, but also on current layouts. The UUWEC's power output has revealed that regardless of current directionality, annual output consistently decreases, with a registered power drop as high as 10% when an expected current field is introduced.

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  • Public defence: 2024-11-23 13:15 Sal IX, Uppsala
    Hoffsten, Alice
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research.
    Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: Impact on Infant Mortality and a Search for Predictive Biomarkers2024Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an intestinal disease with high mortality and morbidity. This thesis aims to identify biomarkers to possibly predict this fatal and increasingly common disease in preterm infants.

    In Paper I, we studied cause of death (COD) in preterms treated at in the neonatal intensive care unit at Uppsala University Children’s Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. From Period 1 (2002-2009; n=105) to Period 2 (2011-2018; n=160), NEC increased as COD. Paper I also found that the autopsy influenced COD determination in 34.9% of cases. In Paper II, we investigated if biomarkers at birth could identify preterms at risk of developing NEC. Blood samples were collected after birth from 40 preterms, gestational age (GA) <28 weeks. 11 infants later developed NEC (NEC-group), while 29 did not (Control-group). 189 biomarkers, reflecting inflammation, apoptosis and vascularisation, were quantified with Proximity Extension Assay (Olink®). No biomarker differed in expression when comparing the NEC-group to the Control-group, and only some biomarkers differed when compared to control sub-groups. These findings suggest that infants may not be predisposed at birth of developing NEC besides being preterm. In Paper III and IV, we analyzed intestinal biopsies from 43 infants operated due to NEC (NEC-group) and 27 infants (Control-group) operated due to conditions such as atresia, volvulus and aganglionosis. The biopsies were immunohistochemically stained for markers of Paneth Cells (DEFA6 and GUCA2A) in Paper III and Goblet cells (REG4) in Paper IV. Marker expression was quantified with a semi-automated digital image analysis (ImageJ®) and compared between the groups. Paper III revealed that the NEC-group had lower DEFA6 expression than the Control-group, while expression of GUCA2A was similar. In a logistic regression analysis, NEC-risk correlated to low DEFA6 expression. This suggests that NEC-infants have intact Paneth cells, as indicated by unaltered GUCA2A expression, but diminished DEFA6 activity. Paper IV showed that low REG4 expression correlated to higher NEC-risk. A multivariable logistic regression analysis with REG4 expression and GA, found that GA and not REG4 correlated to NEC-risk. Thus, low REG4 expression in NEC-patients may be maturity dependent. 

    In conclusion, our findings suggest that preterms are not predisposed at birth to develop NEC besides being preterm. These studies also deepen our knowledge on Paneth cell and Goblet cell involvement in NEC. Low expression of DEFA6 and REG4 may indicate a risk of developing NEC, and could be further studied as potential blood biomarkers.

    List of papers
    1. The value of autopsy in preterm infants at a Swedish tertiary neonatal intensive care unit 2002-2018
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>The value of autopsy in preterm infants at a Swedish tertiary neonatal intensive care unit 2002-2018
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    2021 (English)In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 11, article id 14156Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Reliable data on causes of death (COD) in preterm infants are needed to assess perinatal care and current clinical guidelines. In this retrospective observational analysis of all deceased preterm infants born <37 weeks' gestational age (n=278) at a Swedish tertiary neonatal intensive care unit, we compared preliminary COD from Medical Death Certificates with autopsy defined COD (2002-2018), and assessed changes in COD between two periods (period 1:2002-2009 vs. period 2:2011-2018; 2010 excluded due to centralized care and seasonal variation in COD). Autopsy was performed in 73% of all cases and was more than twice as high compared to national infant autopsy rates (33%). Autopsy revised or confirmed a suspected preliminary COD in 34.9% of the cases (23.6% and 11.3%, respectively). Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) as COD increased between Period 1 and 2 (5% vs. 26%). The autopsy rate did not change between the two study periods (75% vs. 71%). We conclude that autopsy determined the final COD in a third of cases, while the incidence of NEC as COD increased markedly during the study period. Since there is a high risk to determine COD incorrectly based on clinical findings in preterm infants, autopsy remains a valuable method to obtain reliable COD.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Springer NatureSpringer Nature, 2021
    National Category
    Pediatrics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-453047 (URN)10.1038/s41598-021-93358-7 (DOI)000674513600074 ()34238957 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    H.R.H. Crown Princess Lovisa's Association for Child Care, 2018-00459
    Available from: 2021-09-20 Created: 2021-09-20 Last updated: 2024-09-26Bibliographically approved
    2. Early Postnatal Comprehensive Biomarkers Cannot Identify Extremely Preterm Infants at Risk of Developing Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Early Postnatal Comprehensive Biomarkers Cannot Identify Extremely Preterm Infants at Risk of Developing Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
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    2021 (English)In: Frontiers in pediatrics, ISSN 2296-2360, Vol. 9, article id 755437Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a fatal disease where current diagnostic tools are insufficient for preventing NEC. Early predictive biomarkers could be beneficial in identifying infants at high risk of developing NEC. Objective: To explore early biomarkers for predicting NEC in extremely preterm infants (EPIs). Methods: Blood samples were collected on day 2 (median 1.7; range 1.5-2.0) from 40 EPI (median 25 gestational weeks; range 22-27): 11 developed NEC and 29 did not (controls). In each infant, 189 inflammatory, oncological, and vascular proteomic biomarkers were quantified through Proximity Extension Assay. Biomarker expression and clinical data were compared between the NEC group and Controls. Based on biomarker differences, controls were sorted automatically into three subgroups (1, 2, and 3) by a two-dimensional hierarchical clustering analysis. Results: None of the biomarkers differed in expression between all controls and the NEC group. Two biomarkers were higher in Control 1, and 16 biomarkers were lower in Control group 2 compared with the NEC group. No biomarker distinguished Control 3 from the NEC group. Perinatal data were similar in the whole population. Conclusions: Early postnatal comprehensive biomarkers do not identify EPIs at risk of developing NEC in our study. Future studies of predictors of NEC should include sequential analysis of comprehensive proteomic markers in large cohorts.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Frontiers Media S.A., 2021
    Keywords
    biomarker, cluster analysis, necrotizing enterocolitis, preterm infant, serum
    National Category
    Pediatrics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-459549 (URN)10.3389/fped.2021.755437 (DOI)000716572200001 ()34746064 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    H.R.H. Crown Princess Lovisa's Association for Child Care, 2018-00459
    Available from: 2021-11-25 Created: 2021-11-25 Last updated: 2024-09-26Bibliographically approved
    3. Paneth cell proteins DEFA6 and GUCA2A as tissue markers in necrotizing enterocolitis
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Paneth cell proteins DEFA6 and GUCA2A as tissue markers in necrotizing enterocolitis
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    2023 (English)In: European Journal of Pediatrics, ISSN 0340-6199, E-ISSN 1432-1076, Vol. 182, no 6, p. 2775-2784Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Previous studies suggest that Paneth cells are involved in NEC development. Defensin alpha 6 (DEFA6) and guanylate cyclase activator 2A (GUCA2A) are selective protein markers of Paneth cells. The objective was to explore DEFA6 and GUCA2A expression in intestinal tissue samples from newborn infants with and without NEC. Tissue samples from histologically intact intestine were analyzed from 70 infants: 43 underwent bowel resection due to NEC and 27 controls were operated due to conditions such as intestinal atresia, dysmotility, aganglionosis, pseudo-obstruction or volvulus. Each tissue sample was immunohistochemically stained for DEFA6 and GUCA2A. Semi-automated digital image analysis was performed to determine protein expression. Clinical data and protein expressions were compared between the groups. DEFA6 expression was lower in the NEC group (p = 0.006). Low DEFA6 correlated with risk of developing NEC in a logistic regression analysis, independently of gestational age and birth weight (OR 0.843 [CI 0.732–0.971]; p = 0.018). GUCA2A expression did not differ between the two groups.

    Conclusion: Lower expression of DEFA6 together with intact GUCA2A expression indicates that NEC patients have well-defined Paneth cells but diminished defensin activity. Our results suggest that DEFA6 could be used as a biomarker for NEC.

    What is Known:

    • Previous studies of defensin activity in NEC have been inconsistent, showing that defensin levels may be increased or diminished in NEC. GUCA2A has to our knowledge never been studied in NEC.

    What is New:

    • This study benchmarks two specific Paneth cell markers (DEFA6 and GUCA2A) and their activity in individuals with and without NEC.

    • The key finding is that the NEC group had a lower DEFA6 expression compared to the Controls, while the expression of GUCA2A did not differ between the groups.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Springer Nature, 2023
    Keywords
    Necrotizing enterocolitis, Paneth cell, Biomarker
    National Category
    Clinical Laboratory Medicine
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-500409 (URN)10.1007/s00431-023-04907-3 (DOI)000964562300001 ()37017768 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    Gillbergska stiftelsen, 20211129Uppsala UniversityH.R.H. Crown Princess Lovisa's Association for Child Care, 2021-00615
    Available from: 2023-04-17 Created: 2023-04-17 Last updated: 2024-09-26Bibliographically approved
    4. Reduced Expression of REG4 as a Sign of Altered Goblet Cell Function in Necrotizing Enterocolitis
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Reduced Expression of REG4 as a Sign of Altered Goblet Cell Function in Necrotizing Enterocolitis
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    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Pediatrics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539262 (URN)
    Available from: 2024-09-26 Created: 2024-09-26 Last updated: 2024-09-26
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  • Aad, G.
    et al.
    Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France.
    Bergeås Kuutmann, Elin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Brenner, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ellajosyula, Venugopal
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ellert, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ferrari, Arnaud
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Gonzalez Suarez, Rebeca
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Czech Tech Univ, Prague, Czech Republic.
    Mathisen, Thomas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Mullier, Geoffrey A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Oerdek, Serhat
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Steentoft, Jonas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Sunneborn Gudnadottir, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Zwalinski, L.
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
    The ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider: a description of the detector configuration for Run 32024In: Journal of Instrumentation, E-ISSN 1748-0221, Vol. 19, no 5, article id P05063Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The ATLAS detector is installed in its experimental cavern at Point 1 of the CERN Large Hadron Collider. During Run 2 of the LHC, a luminosity of L = 2 x 1034 cm-2 s-1 was routinely achieved at the start of fills, twice the design luminosity. For Run 3, accelerator improvements, notably luminosity levelling, allow sustained running at an instantaneous luminosity of L = 2x1034 cm-2 s-1 , with an average of up to 60 interactions per bunch crossing. The ATLAS detector has been upgraded to recover Run 1 single-lepton trigger thresholds while operating comfortably under Run 3 sustained pileup conditions. A fourth pixel layer 3.3 cm from the beam axis was added before Run 2 to improve vertex reconstruction and b-tagging performance. New Liquid Argon Calorimeter digital trigger electronics, with corresponding upgrades to the Trigger and Data Acquisition system, take advantage of a factor of 10 finer granularity to improve triggering on electrons, photons, taus, and hadronic signatures through increased pileup rejection. The inner muon endcap wheels were replaced by New Small Wheels with Micromegas and small-strip Thin Gap Chamber detectors, providing both precision tracking and Level-1 Muon trigger functionality. Trigger coverage of the inner barrel muon layer near one endcap region was augmented with modules integrating new thin-gap resistive plate chambers and smaller-diameter drift-tube chambers. Tile Calorimeter scintillation counters were added to improve electron energy resolution and background rejection. Upgrades to Minimum Bias Trigger Scintillators and Forward Detectors improve luminosity monitoring and enable total proton-proton cross section, diffractive physics, and heavy ion measurements. These upgrades are all compatible with operation in the much harsher environment anticipated after the High-Luminosity upgrade of the LHC and are the first steps towards preparing ATLAS for the High-Luminosity upgrade of the LHC. This paper describes the Run 3 configuration of the ATLAS detector.

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  • Aad, G.
    et al.
    Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France.
    Bergeås Kuutmann, Elin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Brenner, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Dimitriadi, Christina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Bonn, Germany.
    Ekelöf, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ellajosyula, Venugopal
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ellert, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ferrari, Arnaud
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Gonzalez Suarez, Rebeca
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Mathisen, Thomas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Mullier, Geoffrey A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ripellino, Giulia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Steentoft, Jonas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Sunneborn Gudnadottir, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Zwalinski, L.
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
    Azimuthal Angle Correlations of Muons Produced via Heavy-Flavor Decays in 5.02 TeV Pb + Pb and pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector2024In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 132, no 20, article id 202301Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Angular correlations between heavy quarks provide a unique probe of the quark-gluon plasma created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. Results are presented of a measurement of the azimuthal angle correlations between muons originating from semileptonic decays of heavy quarks produced in 5.02 TeV Pb + Pb and pp collisions at the LHC. The muons are measured with transverse momenta and pseudorapidities satisfying pμT > 4 GeV and lημl < 2.4, respectively. The distributions of azimuthal angle separation ΔΦ for muon pairs having pseudorapidity separation lΔηl > 0.8, are measured in different Pb + Pb centrality intervals and compared to the same distribution measured in pp collisions at the same center-of-mass energy. Results are presented separately for muon pairs with opposite-sign charges, same-sign charges, and all pairs. A clear peak is observed in all ΔΦ distributions at ΔΦ ∼π, consistent with the parent heavy-quark pairs being produced via hard-scattering processes. The widths of that peak, characterized using Cauchy-Lorentz fits to the Delta Phi distributions, are found to not vary significantly as a function of Pb + Pb collision centrality and are similar for pp and Pb + Pb collisions. This observation will provide important constraints on theoretical descriptions of heavy-quark interactions with the quarkgluon plasma.

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  • Aad, G.
    et al.
    Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France.
    Bergeås Kuutmann, Elin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Brenner, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Dimitriadi, Christina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Bonn, Germany.
    Ekelöf, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ellajosyula, Venugopal
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ellert, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ferrari, Arnaud
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Gonzalez Suarez, Rebeca
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Mathisen, Thomas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Mullier, Geoffrey A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Oerdek, Serhat
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ripellino, Giulia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Steentoft, Jonas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Sunneborn Gudnadottir, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Zwalinski, L.
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
    A precise measurement of the Z-boson double-differential transverse momentum and rapidity distributions in the full phase space of the decay leptons with the ATLAS experiment at √s=8 TeV2024In: European Physical Journal C, ISSN 1434-6044, E-ISSN 1434-6052, Vol. 84, article id 315Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents for the first time a precise measurement of the production properties of the Z boson in the full phase space of the decay leptons. This is in contrast to the many previous precise unfolded measurements performed in the fiducial phase space of the decay leptons. The measurement is obtained from proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2012 at √s = 8 TeV at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb-1. The results, based on a total of 15.3 million Z-boson decays to electron and muon pairs, extend and improve a previous measurement of the full set of angular coefficients describing Z-boson decay. The double-differential crosssection distributions in Z-boson transverse momentum pT and rapidity y are measured in the pole region, defined as 80 < mll < 100 GeV, over the range lyl < 3.6. The total uncertainty of the normalised cross-section measurements in the peak region of the pT distribution is dominated by statistical uncertainties over the full range and increases as a function of rapidity from 0.5-1.0% for lyl < 2.0 to 2 - 7% at higher rapidities. The results for the rapidity-dependent transverse momentum distributions are compared to state-of-the-art QCD predictions, which combine in the best cases approximate N4LL resummation with N3LO fixed-order perturbative calculations. The differential rapidity distributions integrated over pT are even more precise, with accuracies from 0.2-0.3% for lyl < 2.0 to 0.4-0.9% at higher rapidities, and are compared to fixed-order QCD predictions using the most recent parton distribution functions. The agreement between data and predictions is quite good in most cases.

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  • Ramalingam, Jai Kishun
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Information Technology.
    Comparative study of Polardecoders in 5G network2024Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The capacity for interpersonal communication has seen a marked increase in today’s world, incomparison to previous years. Nowadays, the telecom sectors place a strong emphasis on speedwhen it comes to wireless telecommunication. Newer systems like the NR/5G communicationare expected to exhibit better channel capacity, throughput, latency and reliability over previousgenerations, i.e. 3G/4G. The usual coding scheme involved in such a system is Polar Coding,favoured due to its simplistic structure and good performance. Although there is a standard set inthese telecommunication systems when it comes to encoding process, there is no such standardfor decoding. This is what will be studied in this project. This project focuses on exploring andimplementing some polar decoding algorithms, evaluate and compare their performance overBlock Error Rate (BLER) and computational complexity metrics. Results from SC (Successive Cancellation), SCL (Successive Cancellation List), SSC (Simplified Successive Cancellation), SSCL(Simplified Successive Cancellation List) and FSSCL (Fast Simplified Successive CancellationList) algorithms are discussed in this project.

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  • Hayrapetyan, A.
    et al.
    Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan, Armenia.
    Bergeås Kuutmann, Elin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Brenner, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Dimitriadi, Christina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Bonn, Germany.
    Ekelöf, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ellajosyula, Venugopal
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ellert, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ferrari, Arnaud
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Gonzalez Suarez, Rebeca
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Mathisen, Thomas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Mullier, Geoffrey A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Ripellino, Giulia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Steentoft, Jonas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Sunneborn Gudnadottir, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Zwalinski, L.
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
    Combination of Measurements of the Top Quark Mass from Data Collected by the ATLAS and CMS Experiments at √s=7 and 8 TeV2024In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 132, no 26, article id 261902Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A combination of fifteen top quark mass measurements performed by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC is presented. The datasets used correspond to an integrated luminosity of up to 5 and 20 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, respectively. The combination includes measurements in top quark pair events that exploit both the semileptonic and hadronic decays of the top quark, and a measurement using events enriched in single top quark production via the electroweak t channel. The combination accounts for the correlations between measurements and achieves an improvement in the total uncertainty of 31% relative to the most precise input measurement. The result is mt = 172.52 ± 0.14(stat) ± 0.30(stat) GeV, with a total uncertainty of 0.33 GeV.

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  • Laine Halapi, Melchior
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Languages, Department of Linguistics and Philology.
    Quinne råådh och anslagh ähre fast wanckelbar och ostadigh…: En studie av Nils Göransson Gyllenstiernas brev rörande Erik XIV:s frieri till Elisabet I av England, med kommenterade översättningar från latin i urval.2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • Laine Halapi, Melchior
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Languages, Department of Linguistics and Philology.
    Quinne råådh och anslagh ähre fast wanckelbar och ostadigh…: En studie av Nils Göransson Gyllenstiernas brev rörande Erik XIV:s frieri till Elisabet I av England, med kommenterade översättningar från latin i urval.2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • Page, Jeremy
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Department of Philosophy, Aesthetics.
    Nietzsche contra Schopenhauer on Art and Truth2024In: The Monist, ISSN 0026-9662, E-ISSN 2153-3601, Vol. 107, no 4, p. 378-392Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Part of Plato's complaint about the cognitive status of art cites the pollution of aesthetic cognition by the affective side of our natures. Schopenhauer, by contrast, takes aesthetic cognition to transcend (some of) the limitations of everyday cognition precisely because in it agents become the "pure, will-less subject of cognition" (WWR I 219). On the orthodox reading of his later philosophy, Nietzsche scorns Plato and Schopenhauer's association of the value of art with its truthfulness. I challenge the orthodox reading and argue that one strand of art's value is its penetrative cognitive power. In contrast to Schopenhauer, Nietzsche understands this cognitive power to result from the embracing and exploitation of the affects in the artistic process rather than their extirpation.

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  • Lyck, Emilia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Det dolda känsloarbetet: Utredares emotionella insats vid brott i nära relation: En kvalitativ studie om arbetet med bemötande av offer för brott i nära relation inom polismyndigheten.2024Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna uppsats undersöker hur utredare inom polismyndigheten hanterar emotionellt lönearbete i mötet med offer för brott i nära relationer, samt vilka strategier de använder för att balansera känslomässigt engagemang med professionell distans. Syftet är att analysera utredarnas bemötande genom teorier om emotionellt lönearbete, symbolisk interaktionism och intersektionalitet. Studien belyser också hur kön, erfarenhet och andra sociala faktorer påverkar deras emotionella arbete. Uppsatsen bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med utredare från olika regioner och med varierande yrkeserfarenhet. Intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades med hjälp av en tematisk kodning, där teorier om emotionellt lönearbete och intersektionella maktstrukturer utgjorde analytiska verktyg. Resultaten visar att utredarna använder både yt- och djupagerande i sitt bemötande, där ytagerande syftar till att skapa trygghet genom att visa empati utåt, även när den inte upplevs inombords, medan djupagerande innebär att utredarna försöker framkalla genuina känslor av empati och engagemang. Studien indikerar att djupagerande tenderar att vara mer hållbart än ytagerande, men att det kan innebära personliga risker för utredarna, särskilt i form av emotionell belastning. Vidare visar resultaten att utredarnas bemötande av offren påverkas av deras tolkningar av offrens sårbarhet och deras egna yrkesroller, vilket kan förstås genom teorin om symbolisk interaktionism. Studien lyfter även fram hur kön och arbetslivserfarenhet påverkar utredarnas strategier för att hantera emotionellt lönearbete, och hur dessa faktorer kan påverka kvaliteten på deras bemötande av offer för våld i nära relationer. Sammanfattningsvis visar uppsatsen på komplexiteten i det emotionella arbetet för polisutredare och de konsekvenser som följer av att hantera känslor i professionella sammanhang.

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  • Dyhrfort, Philip
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Acquired brain injury.
    Lindblad, Caroline
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Acquired brain injury. Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Uppsala, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Clin Neurosci, Turku, Finland..
    Widgren, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Virhammar, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology. Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Piehl, Fredrik
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Acad Specialist Ctr, Ctr Neurol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Bergquist, Jonas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Al Nimer, Faiez
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Acad Specialist Ctr, Ctr Neurol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Rostami, Elham
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Acquired brain injury. Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Uppsala, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Deciphering Proteomic Expression in Inflammatory Disorders: A Mass Spectrometry Exploration Comparing Infectious, Noninfectious, and Traumatic Brain Injuries in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid2024In: NEUROTRAUMA REPORTS, ISSN 2689-288X, Vol. 5, no 1, p. 857-873Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The central nervous system (CNS) evokes a complex inflammatory response to injury. Inflammatory cascades are present in traumatic, infectious, and noninfectious disorders affecting the brain. It contains a mixture of pro- and anti-inflammatory reactions involving well-known proteins, but also numerous proteins less explored in these processes. The aim of this study was to explore the distinct inflammatory response in traumatic brain injury (TBI) compared with other CNS injuries by utilization of mass-spectrometry. In total, 56 patients had their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analyzed with the use of mass-spectrometry. Among these, CSF was collected via an external ventricular drain (EVD) from n = 21 patients with acute TBI. The resulting protein findings were then compared with CSF obtained by lumbar puncture from n = 14 patients with noninfectious CNS disorders comprising relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate-receptor encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and n = 14 patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, herpes simplex encephalitis, and other types of viral meningitis. We also utilized n = 7 healthy controls (HCs). In the comparison between TBI and noninfectious inflammatory CNS disorders, concentrations of 55 proteins significantly differed between the groups. Among them, 23 and 32 proteins were up- and downregulated, respectively, in the TBI group. No proteins were uniquely identified in either group. In the comparison of TBI and HC, 51 proteins were significantly different, with 24 and 27 proteins being up- and downregulated, respectively, in TBI. Two proteins (fibrinogen gamma chain and transketolase) were uniquely identified in all samples of the TBI group. Also in the last comparison, TBI versus infectious inflammatory CNS disorders, 51 proteins differed between the two groups, with 19 and 32 proteins being up- and downregulated, respectively, in TBI, and no unique proteins being identified. Due to large discrepancies between the groups compared, the following proteins were selected for further deeper analysis among those being differentially regulated: APOE, CFB, CHGA, CHI3L1, C3, FCGBP, FGA, GSN, IGFBP7, LRG1, SERPINA3, SOD3, and TTR. We found distinct proteomic profiles in the CSF of TBI patients compared with HC and different disease controls, indicating a specific interplay between inflammatory factors, metabolic response, and cell integrity. In relation to primarily infectious or inflammatory disorders, unique inflammatory pathways seem to be engaged, and could potentially serve as future treatment targets.

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  • Zahlander, Johanna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research.
    Fäldt, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Social medicine/CHAP.
    Kirby, Amanda
    Univ South Wales, Pontypridd, Wales..
    Johansen, Kine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, CIRCLE – Complex Intervention Research in Health and Care. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Social medicine/CHAP.
    Exploring adults' recollections of growing up with childhood motor difficulties: a qualitative study using systematic text condensation2024In: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 14, no 8, article id e084346Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To explore the ramifications of childhood motor difficulties, providing insights into their impact and consequences over time.

    Design: A qualitative study using semistructured individual interviews. Data were analysed using systematic text condensation.

    Setting: Neonatal intensive care recipients born at Uppsala University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden, between 1986 and 1989, were enrolled in a longitudinal follow-up study and subsequently interviewed in 2019-2020.

    Participants: 13 individuals in their early 30s, who met the criteria for developmental coordination disorder or performed below the 5th percentile on motor tests at 6.5 years of age, were interviewed. Those with co-occurring deficits in attention or social behavioural at age 6.5 were excluded.

    Results: Two themes emerged: (1) lifelong challenges and (2) navigating the journey of motor difficulties: support, awareness and confidence. Five participants reported persistent motor difficulties. They adapted and integrated these challenges into their daily lives without feeling constrained. Parental support was crucial to their success, whereas support from schools was limited.

    Conclusion: Adults who faced motor difficulties in childhood developed effective coping strategies, overcame challenges and now lead fulfilling lives. The findings stress the importance of parental support and understanding, addressing contextual factors and fostering positive attitudes and supportive environments to enhance well-being and participation.

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  • Public defence: 2024-11-22 09:00 H:son Holmdahlsalen, ing. 100, 2 tr, Uppsala
    Stenson Zerpe, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic Surgery. Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University.
    Having a child with non-syndromic craniosynostosis: Parents' experiences of care, need of support and perceived stress2024Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Being a parent of a child with a diagnosis of craniosynostosis that requires surgery can lead to anxiety and emotional distress. The general aim was to explore parents' experiences when their child is diagnosed with and treated for non-syndromic craniosynostosis. This was accomplished by investigating how parents perceived treatment, information, and participation in care, as well as their parental stress, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and health-related quality of life.

    Methods: Study I investigated Swedish parents' (n=20) experiences of having a child with craniosynostosis and their perceptions of the care provided by conducting interviews and thematic analysis. Study II explored parents' (n=19) experiences of the time at the hospital and the year after discharge by conducting interviews and content analysis. Study III explored parents´ satisfaction with hospital care and factors that influenced their perception of quality of care using questionnaires (n=98) and interviews (n=19), employing a mixed method. Study IV assessed parents' perceived parental and psychological stress and health-related quality of life before and one year after surgery, using questionnaires (n=29).

    Results: Parents rarely had previous knowledge about craniosynostosis. For this reason, the craniofacial team was highlighted as the most important source of information and support. Parents described the time in the hospital and after discharge as challenging but ultimately good, and support from family, peers, and the expert team was considered essential. Parents were generally satisfied with hospital care, and factors existed that either facilitated or impeded their experience of quality of care. No differences regarding parental stress, health-related quality of life, and psychological distress before and one year after the child's surgery were found, but there was an association between parental stress and symptoms of depression both before and one year after surgery.

    Conclusions: This thesis provides an understanding of parents' experiences when having a child undergoing craniosynostosis surgery. Most parents were satisfied with the care provided, but areas of improvement were described. There appears to be an association between parental stress and symptoms of depression. The findings highlight that healthcare professionals should be more responsive to parents´ different care needs. 

    List of papers
    1. Parents' Experiences of Their Child's Craniosynostosis and the Initial Care Process
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Parents' Experiences of Their Child's Craniosynostosis and the Initial Care Process
    2020 (English)In: The Journal of craniofacial surgery (Print), ISSN 1049-2275, E-ISSN 1536-3732, Vol. 31, no 1, p. 251-256Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Craniosynostosis is usually diagnosed in early infancy. Treatment almost always involves surgery and care is optimally organized around an interdisciplinary team of specialists at a craniofacial center. This study aimed to investigate Swedish parents' experiences of having a child with craniosynostosis and their perceptions of the initial care process. Semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with 20 parents (10 fathers and 10 mothers) of children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis who were undergoing surgery at the Uppsala Craniofacial Center. A thematic data analysis revealed 6 themes presented in a timeline following the parents' journey from detection of their child's abnormal skull shape to waiting for surgery: Detection of the abnormal skull shape, thoughts, and feelings before the appointment with the craniofacial team, an appointment with the craniofacial team, searching the Internet and social media, waiting for surgery, and suggestions for improvement. Although meeting with the craniofacial team was considered informative, parents expressed concerns about surgery and their infant's long-term prognosis were evident. Most parents had no previous knowledge about craniosynostosis and craniofacial syndromes and wished for more information already at the time of its detection. The Internet was used both at the time of suspicion that something was wrong with the child and later to learn about risks and consequences, alternative treatments and prognosis.

    National Category
    Surgery Nursing
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-401371 (URN)10.1097/SCS.0000000000006033 (DOI)000529967300101 ()31764563 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    Region Uppsala
    Available from: 2020-01-07 Created: 2020-01-07 Last updated: 2024-10-04Bibliographically approved
    2. “When the surgery was over, I felt like the worst part had passed”: experiences of parents of children with craniosynostosis
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>“When the surgery was over, I felt like the worst part had passed”: experiences of parents of children with craniosynostosis
    2022 (English)In: Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing, ISSN 1539-0136, Vol. 27, no 2, article id 12370Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Parents of children scheduled for surgery often experience emotional distress and anxiety. This study aimed to explore parents' experiences of hospital care after their child's craniosynostosis surgery and their perception of support during the year after discharge.

    Design and methods: A purposive sample of 19 parents of 12 children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, who had undergone surgery, was recruited from one of two national centers in Sweden. An interview was conducted ~1 year after the child's surgery, from September 2017 to August 2018. The interviews followed a semistructured interview guide, were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using inductive content analysis.

    Results: The analysis yielded six categories with subcategories as follows: (1) cared for and confident: the hospital staff was perceived as kind, professional, and reliable. (2) Alone and abandoned: sometimes, parents found it hard to initiate contact with professionals during hospitalization and after discharge. (3) The importance of information: thorough information was perceived as essential and the need for information varied during postsurgery period. (4) Feelings of worry: some parents remained worried about risks during recovery and were concerned about comorbidities and development. (5) Alright after all: parents felt that the worst part had been before surgery. (6) The need for support: parents were generally satisfied with the support offered and they often received support from family and friends, or other parents through social media/online forums.

    Practice implications: Healthcare professionals must be responsive to what support parents need at different stages in the care process and be aware that parents sometimes hesitate to initiate contact and ask for help and support. Support from healthcare professionals to everyone in the follow-up program, as a default, might be more accessible or acceptable for some parents. Providing online support from professionals should be considered and caregivers could also facilitate peer support among parents, either face-to-face or online.

    Keywords
    craniosynostosis, multidisciplinary team care, parent experience, support
    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Research subject
    Caring Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-476980 (URN)10.1111/jspn.12370 (DOI)000766321400001 ()35266265 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2022-06-14 Created: 2022-06-14 Last updated: 2024-10-04Bibliographically approved
    3. Parental satisfaction with hospital care for children with non-syndromic craniosynostosis: A mixed-method study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Parental satisfaction with hospital care for children with non-syndromic craniosynostosis: A mixed-method study
    2024 (English)In: Journal of Pediatric Nursing: Nursing Care of Children and Families, ISSN 0882-5963, E-ISSN 1532-8449, Vol. 77, p. e465-e473Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose:

    The study aims to investigate factors influencing parents' satisfaction with hospital care for children with craniosynostosis during hospitalization for surgery.

    Design and methods:

    A mixed-methods study with a convergent, parallel design was used. Ninety-five parents responded to the Swedish Pyramid Questionnaire for Treatment, a 25-item questionnaire with six quality domains. In addition, 20 parents were interviewed about their experiences. Frequencies were calculated, and content analysis was used to analyze free-text comments and transcribed interviews.

    Results:

    Parents' assessment of the overall quality of care was high (mean 87%, range 10-100%). They were most satisfied in the domain staff attitudes and less satisfied with information routines and participation. Content analysis of the interviews gave two overarching themes: Factors that parents experienced as facilitating good quality of care and Factors that parents experienced as impeding good quality of care.

    Conclusions:

    Parents were generally satisfied with the care provided, and interviews captured parents' views on important factors. Staff attitudes affected parents' perception of quality of care.

    Practical implications:

    Clear information and dialogue as well as making parents feel they are part of their child's team can result in higher satisfaction, and allowing families to stay together in the hospital can ease the hospitalization experience. Using a theoretical model can help in suggesting relevant caring actions based on parents' reported care experiences.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2024
    Keywords
    Craniosynostosis, parents' experience, Quality of care, Multidisciplinary team care, Surgery in infancy, Information, Mixed methods
    National Category
    Nursing
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-535392 (URN)10.1016/j.pedn.2024.05.011 (DOI)001264326400001 ()38762423 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2024-07-31 Created: 2024-07-31 Last updated: 2024-10-04Bibliographically approved
    4. Assessing parents’ perceived stress, psychological distress and health-related quality of life before and one year after their child´s craniosynostosis surgery
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Assessing parents’ perceived stress, psychological distress and health-related quality of life before and one year after their child´s craniosynostosis surgery
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Nursing
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539808 (URN)
    Available from: 2024-10-04 Created: 2024-10-04 Last updated: 2024-10-04
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  • Cayao, Jorge
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory.
    Emergent pair symmetries in systems with poor man's Majorana modes2024In: Physical Review B, ISSN 2469-9950, E-ISSN 2469-9969, Vol. 110, no 12, article id 125408Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Few-site Kitaev chains are promising for realizing Majorana zero modes without topological protection but fully nonlocal, which are known as poor man's Majorana modes. While several signatures have already been reported both theoretically and experimentally, it still remains unknown what is the nature of superconducting correlations in the presence of poor man's Majorana modes. In this paper, we study few-site Kitaev chains and demonstrate that they host pair correlations with distinct symmetries, entirely determined by the underlying quantum numbers. In particular, we find that a two-site Kitaev chain hosts local (odd-frequency) and nonlocal (odd- and even-frequency) pair correlations, both spin polarized and highly tunable by the system parameters. Interestingly, the odd-frequency pair correlations exhibit a divergent behavior around zero frequency when the nonlocal p-wave pair potential and electron tunneling are of the same order, an effect that can be controlled by the on-site energies. Since a divergent odd-frequency pairing is directly connected to the intrinsic spatial nonlocality of Majorana zero modes in topological superconductors, the divergent odd-frequency pairing here reflects the intrinsic Majorana nonlocality of poor man's Majorana modes but without any relation to topology. Our findings could help understanding the emergent pair correlations in few-site Kitaev chains.

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  • Hashim, Bassam Mazin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Vastmanland Hosp, Dept Urol, Reg Vastmanland, Västerås, Sweden..
    Chabok, Abbas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Danderyd Hosp, Div Surg, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ljungberg, Börje
    Umeå Univ, Dept Diagnost & Intervent Urol & Androl, Umeå, Sweden..
    Östberg, Erland
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Västmanland Hospital, Dept Anaesthes & Intens Care, Reg Vastmanland, Västerås, Sweden..
    Alamdari, Farhood
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Vastmanland Hosp Västerås, Dept Urol, Reg Vastmanland, Västerås, Sweden..
    Diagnostic accuracy and safety of renal tumour biopsy in patients with small renal masses and its impact on treatment decisions2024In: Scandinavian journal of urology, ISSN 2168-1805, E-ISSN 2168-1813, Vol. 59, p. 141-146Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To assess the safety and diagnostic accuracy of renal tumour biopsy (RTB) in patients with small renal masses (SRM) and to assess if RTB prevents overtreatment in patients with benign SRM.

    Material and methods: In a retrospective, single-centre study from Västmanland, Sweden, 195 adult patients (69 women and 126 men) with SRM ≤ 4 cm who had undergone RTB during 2010-2023 were included. The median age was 70 years (range 23-89). The sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of RTB were calculated using the final diagnosis as the reference standard. Treatment outcomes were recorded for a median 42-month follow-up. Complications following the biopsies were assessed according to the Clavien-Dindo system.

    Results: The overall sensitivity of RTB was 95% (95% confidence interval [CI] 90% - 98%) and specificity was 100% (95% CI 95% - 100%). The positive predictive value was 100% and negative predictive value was 92%. The rate of agreement between RTB and the final diagnosis measured using kappa statistics was 0.92. Of the 195 patients, 62 underwent surgery and 48 were treated with ablation. The concordance rate between the RTB histology and final histology after surgery was 89%. Treatment was withheld in 67 of 195 patients with a benign or inconclusive RTB. No patients developed renal cell carcinoma or metastasis during follow-up. Complications occurred in two patients that were classified with Clavien-Dindo grades I and IV.

    Conclusions: Percutaneous renal tumour biopsy appears to be a safe diagnostic method that provides accurate histopathological information about small renal masses and reduces overtreatment of benign SRM.

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  • Gao, Jinglin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Information Technology.
    Self-supervised representation learning for Micro-CT images2024Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Micro-CT imaging, a high-resolution variant of computed tomography, is pivotal in biomedical research for its ability to non-invasively reveal the microarchitecture of biological tissues. This technique is similar to medical CT scans but tailored to capture the minutiae of small specimens with exceptional clarity. Its applications span from diagnosing diseases to monitoring therapeutic interventions, offering a window into the internal workings of tissues and organs. The detailed visualization provided by micro-CT is instrumental in understanding pathologies such as osteoporosis and cancer, facilitating advancements in treatment strategies.

    Despite its utility, the sheer volume of data produced by micro-CT poses significant challenges in storage and computational processing. Addressing this, our study delves into the potential of self-supervised representation learning—a machine learning paradigm that learns to understand data without explicit labels—to manage and interpret high-resolution micro-CT images. We specifically employ masked autoencoders (MAEs), a type of neural network designed to learn efficient data representations by reconstructing inputs from partially obscured versions of themselves. 

    Our research is conducted in two phases: First, we train an MAE to encode large datasets of mouse tumor micro-CT images, focusing on capturing essential features while reducing data size. Subsequently, we evaluate the encoded features’ quality using unsupervised clustering techniques. We explore various self-supervised learning frameworks, including MAEs and SimCLR, to optimize data compression without compromising detail.

    We conduct a comparative analysis to assess the performance of MAEs and SimCLR under diverse scenarios, considering factors such as pre-training, mask ratios, and patch sizes. We also investigate the effects of fine-tuning on a test dataset. Clustering analysis is performed using hierarchical methods and dendrogram analysis to ascertain optimal cluster numbers, followed by K-means clustering for categorizing latent representations.

    Our preliminary findings indicate that self-supervised learning, particularly through MAEs, can effectively manage large-scale micro-CT datasets, preserving intricate details necessary for biomedical analysis. The results underscore the significance of model fine-tuning in enhancing the performance of self-supervised learning algorithms. 

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  • Akshay, S.
    et al.
    Indian Inst Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Mumbai, India..
    Gastin, Paul
    Univ Paris Saclay, ENS Paris Saclay, CNRS, LMF, F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France.;CNRS, ReLaX, IRL 2000, Siruseri, India..
    Govind, Rajanbabu
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Information Technology. Indian Inst Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Mumbai, India.
    Srivathsan, B.
    Chennai Math Inst, Chennai, India.;CNRS, ReLaX, IRL 2000, Siruseri, India..
    Simulations for Event-Clock Automata2024In: Logical Methods in Computer Science, E-ISSN 1860-5974, Vol. Volume 20, Issue 3, no 3, p. 1-41Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Event-clock automata (ECA) are a well-known semantic subclass of timed automata (TA) which enjoy admirable theoretical properties, e.g., determinizability, and are practically useful to capture timed specifications. However, unlike for timed automata, there exist no implementations for checking non-emptiness of event-clock automata. As ECAs contain special prophecy clocks that guess and maintain the time to the next occurrence of specific events, they cannot be seen as a syntactic subclass of TA. Therefore, implementations for TA cannot be directly used for ECAs, and moreover the translation of an ECA to a semantically equivalent TA is expensive. Another reason for the lack of ECA implementations is the difficulty in adapting zone-based algorithms, critical in the timed automata setting, to the event-clock automata setting. This difficulty was studied by Geeraerts et al. in 2011, where the authors proposed a zone enumeration procedure that uses zone extrapolations for finiteness. In this article, we propose a different zone-based algorithm to solve the reachability problem for event-clock automata, using simulations for finiteness. A surprising consequence of our result is that for event-predicting automata, the subclass of event-clock automata that only use prophecy clocks, we obtain finiteness even without any simulations. For general event-clock automata, our new algorithm exploits the G-simulation framework, which is the coarsest known simulation relation in timed automata literature, and has been recently used for advances in other extensions of timed automata.

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  • Abbasi, R.
    et al.
    Loyola Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60660 USA.
    Beise, Jakob
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Coleman, Alan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Glaser, Christian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Glüsenkamp, Thorsten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Heyer, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    O'Sullivan, Erin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pontén, Axel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Valtonen-Mattila, Nora
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Zimmerman, M.
    Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Citizen science for IceCube: Name that Neutrino2024In: The European Physical Journal Plus, E-ISSN 2190-5444, Vol. 139, no 6, article id 533Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Name that Neutrino is a citizen science project where volunteers aid in classification of events for the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, an immense particle detector at the geographic South Pole. From March 2023 to September 2023, volunteers did classifications of videos produced from simulated data of both neutrino signal and background interactions. Name that Neutrino obtained more than 128,000 classifications by over 1800 registered volunteers that were compared to results obtained by a deep neural network machine-learning algorithm. Possible improvements for both Name that Neutrino and the deep neural network are discussed.

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  • Aaij, R.
    et al.
    Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Adlarson, Patrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics.
    Eklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics.
    Kupsc, Andrzej
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics.
    Ruiz Vidal, J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy. Div Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Lund, Sweden..
    Zunica, G.
    Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England.
    Measurements of the branching fraction ratio B(φ → ÎŒ+ÎŒ-)/B(φ → e+e-) with charm meson decays2024In: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP), ISSN 1126-6708, E-ISSN 1029-8479, no 5, article id 293Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Measurements of the branching fraction ratio B(phi -> mu(+)mu(-))/B(phi -> e(+)e(-)) with D-s(+) -> pi(+)phi and D+ -> pi(+)phi decays, denoted R-phi pi(s) and R-phi pi(d), are presented. The analysis is performed using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb(-1) of pp collision data collected with the LHCb experiment. The branching fractions are normalised with respect to the B+ -> K+ J/psi(-> e(+) e(-)) and B+ -> K+ J/psi(-> mu(+)mu(-)) decay modes. The combination of the results yields R-phi pi = 1.022 +/- 0.012 (stat) +/- 0.048 (syst). The result is compatible with previous measurements of the phi -> l(+) l(-) branching fractions and predictions based on the Standard Model.

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  • Aaij, R.
    et al.
    Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Adlarson, Patrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics.
    Eklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics.
    Kupsc, Andrzej
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics.
    Ruiz Vidal, J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy. Dept Phys, Div Particle Phys, Lund, Sweden..
    Zunica, G.
    Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester, England.
    A measurement of ΔΓs2024In: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP), ISSN 1126-6708, E-ISSN 1029-8479, no 5, article id 253Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Using a dataset corresponding to 9 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb detector between 2011 and 2018 in proton-proton collisions, the decay-time distributions of the decay modes B-s(0) -> J/psi eta' and B-s(0) -> J/psi pi(+) pi(-) are studied. The decay-width difference between the light and heavy mass eigenstates of the B-s(0) meson is measured to be Delta Gamma(s)= 0.087 +/- 0.012 +/- 0.009 ps(-1), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.

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  • Aaij, R.
    et al.
    Adlarson, Patrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics. Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland..
    Eklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics. Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland..
    Kupsc, Andrzej
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics. Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland..
    Ruiz Vidal, J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy. Dept Phys, Div Particle Phys, Lund, Sweden..
    Zunica, G.
    Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England.
    Measurement of associated Jψ-ψ(2S) production cross-section in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV2024In: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP), ISSN 1126-6708, E-ISSN 1029-8479, no 5, article id 259Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The cross-section of associated J/psi-psi(2S) production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 13TeV is measured using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.2 fb(-1), collected by the LHCb experiment. The measurement is performed for both J/psi and psi(2S) mesons having transverse momentum p(T) < 14 GeV/c and rapidity 2.0 < y < 4.5, assuming negligible polarisation of the J/psi and psi(2S) mesons. The production cross-section is measured to be 4.5 +/- 0.7 +/- 0.3 nb, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The differential cross-sections are measured as functions of several kinematic variables of the J/psi-psi(2S) candidates. The results are combined with a measurement of J/psi- J/psi production, giving a cross-section ratio between J/psi-psi(2S) and J/psi- J/psi production of 0.274 +/- 0.044 +/- 0.008, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.

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  • Tvedskov, Tove Filtenborg
    et al.
    Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark.;Gentofte Univ Hosp, Dept Breast Surg, Gentofte, Denmark..
    Szulkin, Robert
    Cytel Inc, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Alkner, Sara
    Lund Univ, Inst Clin Sci Lund, Fac Med, Dept Oncol, Lund, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Hematol Oncol & Radiat Phys, Lund, Sweden..
    Andersson, Yvette
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Vastmanland Hosp Västerås, Dept Surg, Västerås, Sweden.;Reg Vastmanland, Vastmanland Hosp Västerås, Ctr Clin Res, Västerås, Sweden..
    Bergkvist, Leif
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Frisell, Jan
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Breast Ctr Karolinska, Karolinska Comprehens Canc Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Gentilini, Oreste Davide
    IRCCS Osped San Raffaele, Breast Surg, Milan, Italy.;Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy..
    Kontos, Michalis
    Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Dept Surg 1, Athens, Greece..
    Kuehn, Thorsten
    Filderklin, Breast Ctr, Filderstadt, Germany.;Univ Ulm, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Ulm, Germany..
    Lundstedt, Dan
    Gothenburg Univ, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Oncol, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Oncol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Offersen, Birgitte Vrou
    Aarhus Univ, Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Oncol, Aarhus, Denmark.;Danish Ctr Particle Therapy, Dept Expt Clin Oncol, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Bagge, Roger Olofsson
    Gothenburg Univ, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Surg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Surg, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Reimer, Toralf
    Univ Rostock, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Rostock, Germany..
    Sund, Malin
    Univ Helsinki, Dept Surg, Helsinki, Finland.;Helsinki Univ Hosp, Helsinki, Finland.;Umeå Univ, Dept Diagnost & Intervent Surg, Umeå, Sweden..
    Ryden, Lisa
    Lund Univ, Inst Clin Sci Lund, Fac Med, Dept Oncol & Surg, Lund, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp Lund, Dept Gastroenterol & Surg, Malmö, Sweden..
    Christiansen, Peer
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Plast & Breast Surg, Aarhus, Denmark.;Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark..
    de Boniface, Jana
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden.;Capio St Gorans Hosp, Dept Surg, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Axillary clearance and chemotherapy rates in ER+HER2- breast cancer: secondary analysis of the SENOMAC trial2024In: The Lancet Regional Health: Europe, E-ISSN 2666-7762, Vol. 47, article id 101083Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Randomized trials have shown that axillary clearance (AC) can safely be omitted in patients with sentinel lymph node-positive breast cancer. At the same time, de-escalation of chemotherapy in postmenopausal patients with ER+HER2- breast cancer may depend on detailed axillary nodal stage. The aim of this pre-specified secondary analysis of the SENOMAC trial was to investigate whether the choice of axillary staging affected the proportion of patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, and recurrence-free survival (RFS).

    Methods: Proportion receiving adjuvant chemotherapy was calculated according to AC or sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) only, menopausal status, and region of inclusion, for 2168 patients with clinically node-negative ER+HER2- breast cancer and 1-2 - 2 sentinel lymph node macrometastases included in the SENOMAC trial.

    Findings: In premenopausal patients, 514 out of 615 patients (83.6%) received adjuvant chemotherapy with no significant difference between randomization arms. In postmenopausal patients, the proportion receiving chemotherapy varied considerably by region and country (36.0-82.4%). - 82.4%). In Denmark, where 194 out of 539 postmenopausal patients (36.0%) received adjuvant chemotherapy, rates differed significantly between the AC and the SLNB only arm (41.3% vs 31.4%, p = 0.019). After a median follow-up of 44.88 months for Danish postmenopausal patients, no significant fi cant difference was seen in 5-year RFS, which was 91% (85.6%-96.6%) - 96.6%) for the SLNB only and 90.9% (86.3%-95.6%) - 95.6%) for the AC arm (p = 0.42).

    Interpretation: When omitting axillary clearance, and thus reducing the risk of long-term arm morbidity, potential under-treatment of postmenopausal patients with ER+HER2- - breast cancer may require the development of new predictive and imaging tools. Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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  • Baranto, Dawid
    et al.
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Steinke, Julia
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Blixt, Simon
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics and Handsurgery. Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed & Hand Surg, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Gerdhem, Paul
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics and Handsurgery. Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed & Hand Surg, Uppsala, Sweden; Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Beck, Joel
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Inst Clin Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Orthopead, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Westin, Olof
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Inst Clin Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Orthopead, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Horvath, Alexandra
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Inst Clin Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Orthopead, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    The epidemiology of odontoid fractures: a study from the Swedish fracture register2024In: European spine journal, ISSN 0940-6719, E-ISSN 1432-0932, Vol. 33, no 8, p. 3034-3042Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The objective of this study is to characterize the occurrence of odontoid fractures within a Swedish population.

    Methods

    Prospective data of adults diagnosed with an odontoid fracture between 2015 and 2021 were retrieved from the Swedish Fracture Register (SFR). Epidemiologic data including age, sex, injury mechanism, injury type, fracture type (Anderson and D’Alonzo classification), neurological status and treatment type were requested from the SFR. Data pertinent to osteoporosis was retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register.

    Results

    A total of 1,154 odontoid fractures were identified, of which 30 were type I fractures, 583 type II fractures, and 541 type III fractures. The mean (Standard Deviation [SD]) age was 77.2 (13.8) years. The prevalence of osteoporosis and neurological deficits did not differ between the fracture types. The majority of patients were treated non-surgically (81%). Male sex and patient age 18–30 years were commonly associated with a high-injury mechanism, especially motor vehicle accidents. In the type II fracture group, significantly more patients had fallen from standing height or less than in the type III group (66% vs. 58%, p = 0.01) while in contrast, motor vehicle accidents were more common in the type III fracture group (12% vs. type II: 8%, p = 0.04).

    Conclusion

    Based on the SFR, the typical odontoid fracture patient is older and suffers a type II fracture. Most injuries were caused by low-energy trauma although in younger patients and males, they were associated with motor vehicle accidents. Across the patient population, odontoid fractures were usually treated non-surgically.

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  • Vijayan, Anuja
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Physical Chemistry.
    Vijayakumar, Vishnu
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Physical Chemistry.
    Johansson, Malin B.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Physical Chemistry.
    Karimipour, Masoud
    CSIC, Catalan Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol ICN2, Bldg ICN2,Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.;Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol BIST, Bldg ICN2, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Lira-Cantu, Monica
    CSIC, Catalan Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol ICN2, Bldg ICN2,Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.;Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol BIST, Bldg ICN2, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Kim, Byeong Jo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Physical Chemistry.
    Boschloo, Gerrit
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Physical Chemistry.
    Slot-die coating of electron transport layers for perovskite solar cells using water and butanol-based tin oxide dispersions2024In: Materials Advances, E-ISSN 2633-5409, Vol. 5, no 10, p. 4430-4437Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Lead halide perovskite photovoltaics have shown an impressive efficiency increase over the past decade. Making this technology industrially viable requires precise optimization of every single deposition step. Here we used slot-die coating, a promising scalable deposition technique to enable large scale deposition. We demonstrate the challenges in developing high-quality slot-die coated tin oxide (SnO2) films, suited as electron selective layers in perovskite solar cells. We studied the film quality of two commercially available colloidal SnO2 dispersions by controlling pump rate, coating speed and temperature of the indium tin oxide substrates (ITO). The water-based dispersion was more difficult to control, but resulted in better perovskite solar cell performance than the butanol-based dispersion. Hysteresis in J–V curves from the water-based tin oxide dispersion was reduced by potassium fluoride addition. A maximum power conversion efficiency of 17.5% was achieved for MAPbI3-based solar cells by careful optimization of the deposition parameters.

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  • Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Zhou, Xingwu
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Wittert, Gary
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Med, Adelaide, SA, Australia.;South Australian Hlth & Med Res Inst, Freemasons Ctr Male Hlth & Wellbeing, Adelaide, SA, Australia..
    Adams, Robert
    South Australian Hlth & Med Res Inst, Freemasons Ctr Male Hlth & Wellbeing, Adelaide, SA, Australia.;Flinders Univ S Australia, Flinders Hlth & Med Res Inst Sleep Hlth, Adelaide Inst Sleep Hlth, Coll Med & Publ Hlth, Bedford Pk, SA, Australia..
    Appleton, Sarah
    South Australian Hlth & Med Res Inst, Freemasons Ctr Male Hlth & Wellbeing, Adelaide, SA, Australia.;Flinders Univ S Australia, Flinders Hlth & Med Res Inst Sleep Hlth, Adelaide Inst Sleep Hlth, Coll Med & Publ Hlth, Bedford Pk, SA, Australia..
    Reynolds, Amy
    Flinders Univ S Australia, Flinders Hlth & Med Res Inst Sleep Hlth, Adelaide Inst Sleep Hlth, Coll Med & Publ Hlth, Bedford Pk, SA, Australia..
    Ljunggren, Mirjam
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Marshall, Nathaniel
    Woolcock Inst Med Res, Ctr Res & Understanding Sleep CIRUS, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Does obstructive sleep apnea increase the risk of cancer and cancer mortality in combined community-based cohorts?2024In: Journal of Sleep Research, ISSN 0962-1105, E-ISSN 1365-2869, Vol. 33, no 4, article id e14089Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked to cancer in several clinical and community-based cohorts. The effect in community-based studies free of clinical referral bias needs to be replicated. In this observational prospective cohort study, we pooled data from three community-based prospective cohorts (Uppsala Sleep and Health in Men cohort [UMEN]; Sleep and health in women [SHE]; Men Androgen Inflammation Lifestyle Environment and Stress Cohort [MAILES]; nTotal = 1467). All cohorts had objective data on obstructive sleep apnea and registry linkage data on cancer and cancer mortality. Analyses for different obstructive sleep apnea measures (apnea–hypopnea index [AHI], oxygen desaturation index [ODI], and minimal saturation) as risk factors for cancer incidence (all cancers) were performed using Cox proportional hazards models (follow-up 5–16 years). We did not find an overall increased risk of cancer after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI (HRAHI [95% CI] = 1.00 [0.98; 1.01] and HRODI [95% CI] = 0.99 [0.97; 1.01]). Stratifying by daytime sleepiness did not influence the association. Cancer mortality was not significantly associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Taken together, we did not observe an overall increased risk of cancer or cancer mortality in relation to obstructive sleep apnea, however, our confidence limits remain wide for important diagnostic categories of sleep apnea severity. The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and cancer needs further investigation in a comprehensive multi-cohort approach with greater statistical precision. For future studies we may need to find and then combine every community-based cohort study that can provide a definitive answer to the question on the risk of cancer from obstructive sleep apnea in the general population.

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  • Burchardt, Steffi
    et al.
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.;Ctr Nat Hazard & Disaster Sci CNDS, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Oskarsson, Birgir, V
    Iceland Inst Nat Hist, Gardabaer, Iceland..
    Gustafsson, Ludvik E.
    Berg, Sylvia E.
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.;Tyrens AB, Div Rock Engn, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Riishuus, Morten S.
    Faroese Geol Survey, Torshavn, Faroe Islands..
    Geology of a Neogene caldera cluster in the Borgarfjörður eystri–Loðmundarfjörður area, Eastern Iceland2022In: VOLCANICA, ISSN 2610-3540, Vol. 5, no 1, p. 133-161Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Borgarfjörður eystri–Loðmundarfjörður area in Eastern Iceland hosts several volcanic centres in a relatively small area. Large volumes of silicic, as well as an unusual amount of intermediate rocks, occur in this area, alongside other volcanic and sub-volcanic features that formed in the Miocene between 14 and 12:2 Ma. We compiled the first comprehensive geological map of the area and summarise the geology based on more than 40 years of fieldwork. We identify regionally extensive marker horizons that comprise intermediate (icelandite) and mafic (olivine basalt and porphyritic basalt) lavas. These marker horizons, along with new paleomagnetic data and some previous radiogenic dating, allow us to bracket a phase of magmatic activity that is one of the oldest in Eastern Iceland. We describe the prominent features of the volcanic centres, including remnants of collapse calderas in Njarðvík, Dyrfjöll, Breðuvík and other ignimbrite-producing vent structures in Kækjuskörð and Herfell. Notably, the area also contains extremely well exposed examples of volcanic vents, cone sheets, and unique caldera-lake sediments. We conclude with open questions to inspire future research on this understudied area.

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  • Wahlin, Bjoern Engelbrekt
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Div Haematol, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Univ Hosp, Haematol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Övergaard, Ninja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology.
    Peterson, Stefan
    Reg Canc Ctr South, Lund, Sweden..
    Digkas, Evangelos
    Dept Oncol, Malarsjukhuset, Eskilstuna, Sweden..
    Glimelius, Ingrid
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology.
    Lagerlöf, Ingemar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology. Univ Hosp Linköping, Dept Haematol, Linköping, Sweden..
    Johansson, Ann-Sofie
    Umeå Univ, Dept Oncol, Umeå, Sweden..
    Palma, Marzia
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Haematol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hansson, Lotta
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Haematol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Linderoth, Johan
    Lund Univ, Dept Oncol, Lund, Sweden..
    Goldkuhl, Christina
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Oncol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Molin, Daniel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology.
    Real-world data on treatment concepts in classical Hodgkin lymphoma in Sweden 2000-2014, focusing on patients aged >60 years2021In: eJHaem, E-ISSN 2688-6146, Vol. 2, no 3, p. 400-412Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Treatment for patients > 60 years with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is problematic; there is no gold standard, and outcome is poor. Using the Swedish Lymphoma Registry, we analysed all Swedish patients diagnosed with cHL between 2000 and 2014 (N = 2345; median age 42 years; 691 patients were >60 years). The median follow-up time was 6.7 years. Treatment for elderly patients consisted mainly of ABVD or CHOP, and the younger patients were treated with ABVD or BEACOPP (with no survival difference). In multivariable analysis of patients > 60 years, ABVD correlated with better survival than CHOP (p = 0.027), and ABVD became more common over time among patients aged 61-70 years (p = 0.0206). Coinciding with the implementation of FDG-PET/CT, the fraction of advanced-stage disease increased in later calendar periods, also in the older patient group. Survival has improved in cHL patients > 60 years (p = 0.027), for whom ABVD seems superior to CHOP.

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  • Maggi, C. F.
    et al.
    United Kingdom Atom Energy Author, Culham Campus, Abingdon, Oxon, England;United Kingdom Atom Energy Author, Culham Campus, Abingdon, Oxon, England.
    Andersson Sundén, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Cecconello, Marco
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Conroy, Sean
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Ericsson, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Eriksson, Benjamin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Eriksson, Jacob
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Hägg, Linus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Hjalmarsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Primetzhofer, Daniel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Sahlberg, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy.
    Sjöstrand, Henrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Weiszflog, Matthias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Zychor, I.
    Natl Ctr Nucl Res NCBJ, PL-05400 Otwock, Poland.
    Overview of T and D-T results in JET with ITER-like wall2024In: Nuclear Fusion, ISSN 0029-5515, E-ISSN 1741-4326, Vol. 64, no 11, article id 112012Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In 2021 JET exploited its unique capabilities to operate with T and D-T fuel with an ITER-like Be/W wall (JET-ILW). This second major JET D-T campaign (DTE2), after DTE1 in 1997, represented the culmination of a series of JET enhancements-new fusion diagnostics, new T injection capabilities, refurbishment of the T plant, increased auxiliary heating, in-vessel calibration of 14 MeV neutron yield monitors-as well as significant advances in plasma theory and modelling in the fusion community. DTE2 was complemented by a sequence of isotope physics campaigns encompassing operation in pure tritium at high T-NBI power. Carefully conducted for safe operation with tritium, the new T and D-T experiments used 1 kg of T (vs 100 g in DTE1), yielding the most fusion reactor relevant D-T plasmas to date and expanding our understanding of isotopes and D-T mixture physics. Furthermore, since the JET T and DTE2 campaigns occurred almost 25 years after the last major D-T tokamak experiment, it was also a strategic goal of the European fusion programme to refresh operational experience of a nuclear tokamak to prepare staff for ITER operation. The key physics results of the JET T and DTE2 experiments, carried out within the EUROfusion JET1 work package, are reported in this paper. Progress in the technological exploitation of JET D-T operations, development and validation of nuclear codes, neutronic tools and techniques for ITER operations carried out by EUROfusion (started within the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme and continuing under the Horizon Europe FP) are reported in (Litaudon et al Nucl. Fusion accepted), while JET experience on T and D-T operations is presented in (King et al Nucl. Fusion submitted).

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  • Public defence: 2024-11-25 15:15 Sal IX, Uppsala
    Page, Jeremy
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Department of Philosophy, Aesthetics. Uppsala University.
    Essays on Aesthetic Cognitivism2024Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis consists of four essays on aesthetic cognitivism. Aesthetic cognitivism says that artworks can have significant cognitive value and that the arts constitute a significant body of understanding. This thesis formulates and defends aesthetic cognitivist positions on central debates in philosophical aesthetics and works towards a comprehensive aesthetic cognitivist account of our aesthetic practices.

    In essay one, ‘Aesthetic Communication’, I defend the view that the purpose of a central form of aesthetic communication is sharing an aesthetic understanding of the distinctive aesthetic character and value of artworks (and inculcating this aesthetic understanding in others). I argue for this view by setting out a novel account of the nature of aesthetic communication and of the criteria of communicative success in aesthetics.

    In essay two, ‘Aesthetic Cognitivism and Aesthetic Normativity’, I set out an aesthetic cognitivist answer to three normative questions. Why appreciate artworks? What does appreciation aim at? Which artworks is there weightiest reason to appreciate? Aesthetic cognitivism says that there is weightiest reason to appreciate artworks that are aesthetically valuable in virtue of the rich perspectives they bear to their subject matters. It says that the appreciation of these artworks aims at the sensitive exploration of their distinctive aesthetic value (i.e., of the rich perspectives they bear). It says there is reason to appreciate these artworks because they are aesthetically valuable. 

    In essay three, ‘The End of Pleasure in Aesthetics: Aesthetic Cognitivism Revived’, I argue for an aesthetic cognitivist account of what it is to be responsive to aesthetic value. I argue that aesthetic responsiveness consists in a motivationally self-sustaining cognitive exploration of the distinctive aesthetic value of an artwork. I contrast my account with a pleasure theoretic account.

    In essay four, ‘Artistic Honesty’, I describe how honesty serves as a standard that guides and governs the creative process and provide an account of the property we attribute to artworks when we judge them to be honest. I argue that for an artwork to be honest is for it to confront a truth that it is epistemically and/or emotionally difficult for us to confront (individually and as a community).  

    List of papers
    1. Aesthetic Communication
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Aesthetic Communication
    2024 (English)In: Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy, E-ISSN 2330-4014Article in journal (Refereed) Accepted
    Abstract [en]

    Can testimony provide reasons to believe some proposition about an artwork’s aesthetic character? Can testimony bring an agent into a position where they can issue an aesthetic judgement about that artwork? What is the epistemic value of aesthetic communication? These questions have received sustained philosophical attention. More fundamental questions about aesthetic communication have meanwhile been neglected. These latter questions concern the nature of aesthetic communication, the criteria that determine when aesthetic communication is successful, and the frequency of communicative success in aesthetic communication. The neglect of these questions is a serious oversight, not least because they bear directly on each of the other questions listed. This paper’s focus is the more fundamental set of questions. I argue for a restricted form of communicative pessimism. Discerning aesthetic communication about an artwork typically fails unless its recipient is both acquainted with that artwork and able to coordinate with the speaker on an aesthetic understanding of it. I arrive at this conclusion by challenging the standard conception of the nature of aesthetic communication that the literature presupposes, as well as an accompanying criterion of communicative success. I introduce an alternative view. In closing I relate my discussion to the former set of questions. 

    Keywords
    Aesthetic Communication, Aesthetic Testimony, Testimony, Aesthetic Understanding, Communicative Success, Linguistic Communication.
    National Category
    Philosophy
    Research subject
    Philosophy
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539876 (URN)
    Available from: 2024-10-07 Created: 2024-10-07 Last updated: 2024-10-11
    2. Aesthetic Cognitivism and Aesthetic Normativity
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Aesthetic Cognitivism and Aesthetic Normativity
    (English)In: Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy, ISSN 2330-4014Article in journal (Refereed) Submitted
    Abstract [en]

    Here is one normative question: Why aesthetically appreciate artworks? Here is a second: Which artworks do we have most reason to aesthetically appreciate? An intuitive line of thought that is popular in the folk says that the artworks we have most reason to appreciate are those that provide rich perspectives on topics of human concern. We have reason to appreciate artworks of this kind, on this line of thought, because of the rich way they present and enable us to explore these topics. Here is a third normative question: What does aesthetic appreciation aim at? The most natural answer to this question for those sympathetic to the line of thought under discussion is that aesthetic appreciation aims at occupying and exploring the rich perspectives that artworks of this kind make available to us. In spite of the recent explosion of work on aesthetic normativity, aestheticians have not yet moulded these intuitive thoughts into a general framework for understanding aesthetic normativity. I undertake that task in this paper. I call the view I formulate ‘aesthetic cognitivism’.

    Keywords
    Aesthetic Normativity, Normativity, Value Theory, Aesthetic Cognitivism, Aesthetic Obligations.
    National Category
    Philosophy
    Research subject
    Philosophy
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539877 (URN)
    Available from: 2024-10-07 Created: 2024-10-07 Last updated: 2024-10-07
    3. The End of Pleasure in Aesthetics: Aesthetic Cognitivism Revived
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>The End of Pleasure in Aesthetics: Aesthetic Cognitivism Revived
    (English)In: Philosophical Studies, ISSN 0031-8116, E-ISSN 1573-0883, ISSN 0031-8116Article in journal (Refereed) Submitted
    Abstract [en]

    Pleasure theory says that 'O is aesthetically valuable iff O merits a certain kind of pleasure' (Gorodeisky, 2021a, p. 262, n.2). It asserts that the fact that aesthetically valuable objects call for this particular affective response elucidates the nature of aesthetic value. Being aesthetically responsive to an artwork is identical with taking aesthetic pleasure in it, on pleasure theory. This paper argues against this account of aesthetic responsiveness and in favour of an aesthetic cognitivist account. This is significant as pleasure theory’s account of aesthetic responsiveness is central to its theoretical ambitions. My argumentation also challenges pleasure imperialism in aesthetics. That is, the tendency to characterize the central features of the aesthetic domain in relation to a feeling of pleasure. Aesthetic cognitivism asserts that being aesthetically responsive to the aesthetic value of artworks consists in sensitively exploring their distinctive aesthetic value and not in being pleased by them. 

    Keywords
    Aesthetics, Normativity, Aesthetic Normativity, Reasons Responsiveness, Aesthetic Cognitivism, Pleasure
    National Category
    Philosophy
    Research subject
    Philosophy
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539880 (URN)
    Available from: 2024-10-07 Created: 2024-10-07 Last updated: 2024-10-07
    4. Artistic Honesty
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Artistic Honesty
    (English)In: British Journal of Aesthetics, ISSN 0007-0904, E-ISSN 1468-2842, ISSN 0007-0904Article in journal (Refereed) Submitted
    Abstract [en]

    We use the terms ‘honest’ and ‘dishonest’ in many ways in the artistic domain. One use of ‘honest’ is honorific and constitutes a positive artistic evaluation of artworks. In this paper I explore the nature of the highest form of honesty in art. I refer to this as ‘artistic honesty’. It is the form that the artworks we praise most highly for their honesty exhibit. After considering what I will call the ‘privativist’ account of artistic honesty (section one) I explore the view that artistic honesty consists in the authentic self-expression of the artist (in section two). I then set out some reasons for disfavouring this view (section three) and introduce a more promising communitarian approach to characterizing artistic honesty (section four).

    Keywords
    Artistic Honesty, Honesty, Aesthetic Cognitivism, Authenticity, Aesthetic Virtue, Artistic Value.
    National Category
    Philosophy
    Research subject
    Philosophy
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539881 (URN)
    Available from: 2024-10-07 Created: 2024-10-07 Last updated: 2024-10-07
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  • Tidefelt, Mattias
    et al.
    Malmö Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Appl Math, Nordenskioldsgatan 1, SE-21119 Malmö, Sweden..
    Löfstrand, Julia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Goetz, Inga K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Donzel-Gargand, Olivier
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Solar Cell Technology.
    Ericsson, Anders
    Lund Univ, Div Solid Mech, POB 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Han, Xiaoliang
    Leibniz Inst Solid State & Mat Res, Helmholtzstr 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany..
    Jönsson, Petra E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Sahlberg, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Kaban, Ivan
    Leibniz Inst Solid State & Mat Res, Helmholtzstr 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany..
    Fisk, Martin
    Malmö Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Appl Math, Nordenskioldsgatan 1, SE-21119 Malmö, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Div Solid Mech, POB 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    In Situ Mapping of Phase Evolutions in Rapidly Heated Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass with Oxygen Impurities2024In: Advanced Science, E-ISSN 2198-3844, Vol. 11, no 16, article id 2307856Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Metallic glasses exhibit unique mechanical properties. For metallic glass composites (MGC), composed of dispersed nanocrystalline phases in an amorphous matrix, these properties can be enhanced or deteriorated depending on the volume fraction and size distribution of the crystalline phases. Understanding the evolution of crystalline phases during devitrification of bulk metallic glasses upon heating is key to realizing the production of these composites. Here, results are presented from a combination of in situ small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) measurements during heating of Zr-based metallic glass samples at rates ranging from 102 to 104 Ks−1 with a time resolution of 4ms. By combining a detailed analysis of scattering experiments with numerical simulations, for the first time, it is shown how the amount of oxygen impurities in the samples influences the early stages of devitrification and changes the dominant nucleation mechanism from homogeneous to heterogeneous. During melting, the oxygen rich phase becomes the dominant crystalline phase whereas the main phases dissolve. The approach used in this study is well suited for investigation of rapid phase evolution during devitrification, which is important for the development of MGC.

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  • Whittington, Emma
    et al.
    Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Museum, Oslo, Norway.;Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Museum, POB 1172, N-0318 Oslo, Norway..
    Ålund, Murielle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology.
    Sperm, eggs, pollen, and gelato, oh my!2024In: Molecular Reproduction and Development, ISSN 1040-452X, E-ISSN 1098-2795, Vol. 91, no 8, article id e23722Article in journal (Other academic)
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  • Qiu, Jian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Theoretical Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Mathematics.
    Plucker coordinates and the Rosenfeld planes2024In: Journal of Geometry and Physics, ISSN 0393-0440, E-ISSN 1879-1662, Vol. 206, article id 105331Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The exceptional compact hermitian symmetric space EIII is the quotient E-6/Spin(10)x(Z4)U(1). We introduce the Plucker coordinates which give an embedding of EIII into CP26 as a projective subvariety. The subvariety is cut out by 27 Plucker relations. We show that, using Clifford algebra, one can solve this over-determined system of relations, giving local coordinate charts to the space. Our motivation is to understand EIII as the complex projective octonion plane (C circle times O)P-2, whose construction is somewhat scattered across the literature. We will see that the EIII has an atlas whose transition functions have clear octonion interpretations, apart from those covering a sub-variety X-infinity of dimension 10. This subvariety is itself a hermitian symmetric space known as DIII, with no apparent octonion interpretation. We give detailed analysis of the geometry in the neighbourhood of X-infinity. We further decompose X = EIII into F-4-orbits: X = Y-0 boolean OR Y-infinity, where Y-0 similar to (OP2)(C) is an open F-4-orbit and is the complexification of OP2, whereas Y-infinity has co-dimension 1, thus EIII could be more appropriately denoted as <((OP2)(C))over bar>. This decomposition appears in the classification of equivariant completion of homogeneous algebraic varieties by Ahiezer [2]. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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  • Pejler, Gunnar
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Zhao, Xinran O.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Fagerström, Ella
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Paivandy, Aida
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology.
    Blockade of endolysosomal acidification suppresses TLR3-mediated proinflammatory signaling in airway epithelial cells2024In: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, ISSN 0091-6749, E-ISSN 1097-6825, Vol. 154, no 4, p. 940-951Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Endolysosomal compartments are acidic and contain low pH-dependent proteases, and these conditions are exploited by respiratory viruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza virus, for escaping into the cytosol. Moreover, endolysosomes contain various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which respond to virus-derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by production of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines. However, excessive proinflammatory responses can lead to a potentially lethal cytokine storm. Objectives: Here we investigated the endosomal PRR expression profile in primary human small airway epithelial cells (HSAECs), and whether blockade of endolysosomal acidification affects their cytokine/chemokine production after challenge with virus-derived stimulants. Methods: HSAECs were exposed to stimulants mimicking virus- derived PAMPs, either in the absence or presence of compounds causing blockade of endolysosomal acidification, followed by measurement of cytokine expression and release. Results: We show that Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is the major endosomal PRR expressed by HSAECs, and that TLR3 expression is strongly induced by TLR3 agonists, but not by a range of other PRR agonists. We also demonstrate that TLR3 engagement with its agonists elicits a robust proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine response, which is profoundly suppressed through blockade of endolysosomal acidification, by bafilomycin A1, monensin, or niclosamide. Using TLR3 reporter cells, it was confirmed that TLR3 signaling is strongly induced by Poly(I:C) and that blockade of endolysosomal acidification efficiently blocked TLR3 signaling. Finally, we show that blockade of endolysosomal acidification causes a reduction in the levels of TLR3 mRNA and protein. Conclusions: These findings show that blockade of endolysosomal acidification suppresses TLR3-dependent cytokine and chemokine production in HSAECs. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024;154:940-51.)

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  • Stenimahitis, Vasilios
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Furuhojden Rehab Hosp, Dept Rehabil, Taby, Sweden..
    Gharios, Maria
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fletcher-Sandersjoeoe, Alexander
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    El-Hajj, Victor Gabriel
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Singh, Aman
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences. Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Buwaider, Ali
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Andersson, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience. Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Gerdhem, Paul
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics and Handsurgery. Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Orthoped & Hand Surg, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Hultling, Claes
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Elmi-Terander, Adrian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics and Handsurgery. Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Löwenströmska Hosp, Capio Spine Ctr Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.;Örebro Univ, Dept Med Sci, Örebro, Sweden..
    Edström, Erik
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Löwenströmska Hosp, Capio Spine Ctr Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.;Örebro Univ, Dept Med Sci, Örebro, Sweden..
    Long-term outcome and predictors of neurological recovery in cervical spinal cord injury: a population-based cohort study2024In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 14, no 1, article id 20945Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This retrospective study analyzed prognostic factors for neurological improvement and ambulation in 194 adult patients (>= 15 years) with traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries treated at the neurological SCI unit (SCIU) at the Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden, between 2010 and 2020. The primary outcome was American spinal injury association impairment scale (AIS) improvement, with secondary focus on ambulation restoration. Results showed 41% experienced AIS improvement, with 51% regaining ambulation over a median follow-up of 3.7 years. Significant AIS improvement (p < 0.001) and reduced bladder/bowel dysfunction (p < 0.001) were noted. Multivariable analysis identified initial AIS C-D (< 0.001), central cord syndrome (p = 0.016), and C0-C3 injury (p = 0.017) as positive AIS improvement predictors, while lower extremity motor score (LEMS) (p < 0.001) and longer ICU stays (p < 0.001) were negative predictors. Patients with initial AIS C-D (p < 0.001) and higher LEMS (p < 0.001) were more likely to regain ambulation. Finally, older age was a negative prognostic factor (p = 0.003). In conclusion, initial injury severity significantly predicted neurological improvement and ambulation. Recovery was observed even in severe cases, emphasizing the importance of tailored rehabilitation for improved outcomes.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • Hedberg, Andreas
    et al.
    Mälardalens universitet.
    Vestin, Erik
    Biblioteksdödens ursprung: Biblioteksnedläggningar och folkbiblioteksdiskursen i svenska tidningstexter 19922024In: Litteratursociologi i nytt ljus / [ed] Karl Berglund; Ann Steiner, Uppsala: Uppsala universitet, 2024, p. 73-93Chapter in book (Other academic)
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  • Khosravitabar, Fatemeh
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics. Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Mamedov, Fikret
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics.
    Improved hydrogen production in immobilized Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells with inhibited inter-photosystem electron transfer2024In: Algal Research, ISSN 2211-9264, Vol. 83, article id 103732Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The production of molecular hydrogen (H2) by microalgae holds great promise, and immobilization techniques offer potential for further advancement in this field. The current study focuses on investigating the positive impact of immobilization on maintaining the stability and activity of photosystem II (PSII) over incubation time, with the aim of enhancing H2 production potential in green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. For this purpose, immobilized cells within alginate beads were treated with small concentrations of 2,5-dibromo-3methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone (DBMIB) inhibitor to induce the partial inhibition of inter-photosystem electron transport, recently reported as a novel approach for sustaining microalgal H2 production. A comparative analysis of fluorescence decay kinetic changes and EPR spectroscopy of the cell beads revealed the superior capacity of immobilization for sustaining PSII stability and activity in batch culture over time. Treatment of the cell beads with 3.5 mu M DBMIB led to sustained H2 production yielding over 200 mu mol H2/mg Chl within 3 weeks, with an average H2 production rate of approximately 10 mu mol/mg Chl per day, both of which were roughly twice as high as those observed in free cells treated with DBMIB. Our findings underscore the significance of integrating immobilization with a proven and effective method for H2 production, thereby enhancing its sustainability and productivity.

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  • Cam, Henrik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Franzon, Kristin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical geriatrics.
    Kälvemark Sporrong, Sofia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Kempen, Thomas Gerardus Hendrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy. Univ Utrecht, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Bernsten, Cecilia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Nielsen, Elisabet I.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Gustavsson, Lovisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Moosavi, Elnaz
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Lindmark, Stina
    Uppsala Univ Hosp, Geriatr, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Ehlin, Ulf
    Osthammar Assoc Relat & Elderly People, Osthammar, Sweden..
    Sjoelander, Maria
    Dept Pharm, Västerås, Region Vastmanl, Sweden..
    Lindner, Karl-Johan
    Dept Pharm, Västerås, Region Vastmanl, Sweden..
    Gillespie, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    'You're Just Thinking About Going Home': Exploring Person-Centred Medication Communication With Older Patients at Hospital Discharge2024In: Health Expectations, ISSN 1369-6513, E-ISSN 1369-7625, Vol. 27, no 5, article id e70065Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundThe hospital discharge process poses significant safety risks for older patients due to complexities in communication and coordination among stakeholders, leading to potential drug-related problems post-discharge. Adopting a person-centred care (PCC) approach in medication communication by healthcare professionals (HCPs) is crucial to ensure positive health outcomes. This study aimed to explore the practice of PCC in medication communication between older patients and HCPs during the hospital discharge process.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study using non-participatory direct observations of patient-HCP consultations during hospital discharge, followed by semi-structured interviews with observed patients and, when applicable, their informal caregivers. Data collection occurred from October 2020 to May 2021 at two Swedish hospitals. We gathered data using an observational form and audio-recorded all consultations and interviews. The data were analysed thematically using the systematic text condensation method.ResultsTwenty patients were included (median age: 81 years [range: 65-94]; 9 female) in observations and 13 of them participated in interviews. Two patients were accompanied by an informal caregiver during the interviews. Three main themes were identified: (1) The impact of traditional authoritarian structures, depicts power dynamics between patients and their HCPs, showing how traditional structures influence the practice of PCC in medication communication during hospital discharge; (2) Consultation timing and mode not on patients' terms, describes suboptimal times and settings for consultations, along with the use of complex language that hinders effective communication; and (3) Discrepancy in expectations of self-care ability, illustrates a mismatch between the self-care guidance provided by HCPs during hospital discharge and the actual needs and preferences of patients and informal caregivers.ConclusionMedication communication between older patients and HCPs during hospital discharge is frequently inconsistent with the practice of PCC. Not only must HCPs improve their communication strategies, but patients and their informal caregivers should also be better prepared for discharge communication and encouraged to participate in their care. This involvement would give them relevant knowledge and tailor communication to their individual needs, preventing problems in managing their medications after discharge.Patient or Public ContributionAn advisory group of six patients and/or informal caregiver contributors provided input on the study design, edited the consent forms, and helped develop the interview guide.

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  • Zhang, Xiaonan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Rameika, Natallia
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Zhong, Lei
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Veanes, Margus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Kundu, Snehangshu
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Nuciforo, Sandro
    Univ Hosp, Dept Biomed, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.;Univ Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland..
    Dupuis, Jordan
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Al Azhar, Muhammad
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Tsiara, Ioanna
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Seeburger, Pauline
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Al Nassralla, Shahed
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Svensson, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Ljungström, Viktor
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Stoimenov, Ivaylo
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Artursson, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Heim, Markus H.
    Univ Hosp, Dept Biomed, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.;Univ Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.;Clarunis Univ, Ctr Gastrointestinal & Liver Dis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland..
    Globisch, Daniel
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Sjöblom, Tobias
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Loss of heterozygosity of CYP2D6 enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinomas to talazoparib2024In: EBioMedicine, E-ISSN 2352-3964, Vol. 109, article id 105368Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) diminishes genetic diversity within cancer genomes. A tumour arising in an individual heterozygous for a functional and a loss-of-function (LoF) allele of a gene occasionally retain only the LoF allele. This can result in deficiency fi ciency of specific fi c protein activities in cancer cells, creating unique differences between tumour cells and normal cells of the individual. Such differences may constitute vulnerabilities that can be exploited through allele-specific fi c therapies. Methods To discover frequently lost genes with prevalent LoF alleles, we mined the 1000 Genomes dataset for SNVs causing protein truncation through base substitution, indels or splice site disruptions, resulting in 60 LoF variants in 60 genes. From these, the variant rs3892097 in the liver enzyme CYP2D6 was selected because it is located within a genomic region that frequently undergoes LOH in several tumor types including hepatocellular cancers. To evaluate the relationship between CYP2D6 activity and the toxicities of anticancer agents, we screened 525 compounds currently in clinical use or undergoing clinical trials using cell model systems with or without CYP2D6 activity. Findings We identified fi ed 12 compounds, AZD-3463, CYC-116, etoposide, everolimus, GDC-0349, lenvatinib, MK-8776, PHA-680632, talazoparib, tyrphostin 9, VX-702, and WZ-3146, using an engineered HEK293T cell model. Of these, talazoparib and MK-8776 demonstrated consistently heightened cytotoxic effects against cells with compromised CYP2D6 activity in engineered hepatocellular cancer cell models. Moreover, talazoparib displayed CYP2D6 genotype dependent effects on primary hepatocellular carcinoma organoids. Interpretation Exploiting the loss of drug-metabolizing enzyme gene activity in tumor cells following loss of heterozygosity could present a promising therapeutic strategy for targeted cancer treatment. Funding This work was funded by Barncancerfonden (T.S, PR2022-0099 and PR2020-0171, X.Z, TJ2021-0111), Cancerfonden (T.S, 211719Pj and D.G, 222449Pj), Vetenskapsr & aring;det (T.S, 2020-02371 and D.G, 2020-04707), and the Erling Persson Foundation (T.S, 2020-0037 and T.S, 2023-0113). Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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  • Public defence: 2024-11-22 13:15 H:son Holmdahlsalen, Uppsala
    Thunswärd, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Contrast agent needle priming: Impact on sonographic needle visibility and potential for CT biopsy site confirmation2024Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Needle visualization in ultrasound-guided procedures can be challenging, particularly in contrast-specific imaging-mode. While diagnostic accuracy during CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsies is generally high, non-diagnostic results still occur and could potentially be reduced through image-based confirmation of whether the target was hit as intended. Two needle priming applications aimed at addressing these challenges were evaluated: (1) using the ultrasound contrast agent (USCA) sulfur hexafluoride to enhance needle visibility during ultrasound-guided procedures, and (2) using iodine contrast media to confirm biopsy locations during CT-guided procedures. 

    Paper I: Fine needles and separable core biopsy needles were primed with USCA. Punctures were performed in butchered bovine liver and a water bath model, followed by an evaluation of needle visibility. Results were mixed in B-mode, while USCA priming consistently improved needle visibility in contrast-specific imaging-mode for core biopsy needles but not for fine needles.

    Paper II: Core biopsy needles of the side-notch type (used with reusable instruments) were primed with two different concentrations of iodine contrast media using a membrane device. In CT-guided biopsies with these primed needles, high-attenuation traces at biopsy sites were successfully created in a blood pudding phantom model, with superior results at the higher contrast agent concentration.

    Paper III: USCA priming was performed using a 1 mL syringe on difficult-to-separate and non-separable core biopsy needles, as well as coaxial introducer needles. Needle visibility was evaluated in a water bath model. USCA priming, almost without exception, enhanced visibility in contrast-specific imaging-mode.

    Paper IV: Non-separable core biopsy needles were primed as in Paper III and evaluated in an in vivo porcine model. USCA priming, with few exceptions, improved needle visibility in contrast-specific imaging-mode but slightly worsened it in B-mode. 

    These findings support the clinical use of USCA needle priming for ultrasound-guided core biopsy procedures performed in contrast-specific imaging-mode where needle visibility is limited. However, the results do not support its use in B-mode. Iodine contrast agent needle priming showed promise for confirming biopsy locations during CT-guided procedures, but further in vivo validation is required. The method’s clinical value is, however, uncertain, as newer, lighter full-core biopsy guns seem to offer a simpler solution.

    List of papers
    1. Filling of Fine and Core Biopsy Needles With the Contrast Agent Sulfur Hexafluoride: Ex Vivo and in vitro Evaluation of Ultrasound Needle Visibility.
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Filling of Fine and Core Biopsy Needles With the Contrast Agent Sulfur Hexafluoride: Ex Vivo and in vitro Evaluation of Ultrasound Needle Visibility.
    2020 (English)In: Journal of ultrasound in medicine, ISSN 0278-4297, E-ISSN 1550-9613, Vol. 39, no 11, p. 2133-2142Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the ex vivo and in vitro ultrasound visibility of fine needles (FNs) and core biopsy needles (CNBs) can be improved by filling them with an ultrasound contrast agent.

    METHODS: After needle filling with the contrast agent sulfur hexafluoride, punctures with FNs and CBNs were recorded in the B-mode and contrast-specific imaging mode (10 observations in each of the 4 groups). Recordings were made in both butchered bovine liver (experiment I) and a water bath (experiment II). Air and normal saline were used as controls (total n = 120 for each experiment). In experiment I, 4 ultrasound specialists subjectively assessed the relative needle visibility in the recordings by using an arbitrary scale (integers 0-10). In experiment II, the contrast-to-noise ratio was calculated for both the entire needle course and the needle tip area.

    RESULTS: In experiment I, subjective visibility was increased compared with both controls only for CBNs in the contrast-specific imaging mode (P < .01). In experiment II, the contrast-to-noise ratio for both the entire needle course and the needle tip area increased compared with both controls for both FNs and CBNs in the contrast-specific imaging mode (P < .05).

    CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound contrast agent needle filling is a promising new method to increase the visibility of CBNs in the contrast-specific imaging mode. This finding needs to be confirmed in vivo before its clinical value can be assessed.

    Keywords
    biopsy, needle visibility, ultrasound contrast agent
    National Category
    Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417340 (URN)10.1002/jum.15321 (DOI)000531600600001 ()32395841 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2020-08-19 Created: 2020-08-19 Last updated: 2024-10-07Bibliographically approved
    2. In vitro CT visualization of the biopsy location by filling the core biopsy needle with contrast media
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>In vitro CT visualization of the biopsy location by filling the core biopsy needle with contrast media
    2022 (English)In: Acta Radiologica, ISSN 0284-1851, E-ISSN 1600-0455, Vol. 63, no 10, p. 1406-1414, article id 02841851211041831Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background: When performing computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy procedures with non-disposable, automatic biopsy instruments, the actual course of the biopsy needle is not registered.

    Purpose: To evaluate the ability to visualize the sampling location after CT-guided biopsy in vitro using a novel method, where the space between the inner needle and the outer cannula in a core biopsy needle is filled with contrast media; and to compare the grade of visibility for two different concentrations of contrast media.

    Material and Methods: Core needle biopsies were performed in a tissue phantom using biopsy needles primed with two different iodine contrast media concentrations (140 mg I/mL and 400 mg I/mL). Commercially available needle-filling contraptions with sealing membranes were used to fill the needles. Each biopsy was imaged with CT, and the visibility was evaluated twice by three senior radiologists in a randomized order.

    Results: The presence of traces was confirmed after biopsy, almost without exception for both concentrations. The visibility was sufficient to determine the biopsy location in all observations with the 400 mg I/mL filling, and in 7/10 observations with the 140 mg I/mL filling. The grade of visibility of the trace and the proportion of the biopsy needle course outlined were higher with the 400 mg I/mL filling.

    Conclusion: With CT-guided biopsy in vitro, the sampling location can be visualized using a novel method of priming the biopsy needle with iodine contrast media, specifically highly concentrated contrast media.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Sage Publications, 2022
    Keywords
    Biopsy, CT, Contrast Agents-Other, Experimental Investigations
    National Category
    Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-459759 (URN)10.1177/02841851211041831 (DOI)000711142800001 ()34677102 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    Region Uppsala
    Available from: 2021-11-29 Created: 2021-11-29 Last updated: 2024-10-07Bibliographically approved
    3. Ultrasound Contrast Agent Priming of Biopsy and Introducer Needles by Using a Small Syringe to Improve Needle Visibility in a Phantom Model
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ultrasound Contrast Agent Priming of Biopsy and Introducer Needles by Using a Small Syringe to Improve Needle Visibility in a Phantom Model
    2023 (English)In: Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, ISSN 0174-1551, E-ISSN 1432-086X, Vol. 46, no 8, p. 1066-1075Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    Biopsy under the guidance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound is sometimes useful. Needle visualization in contrast-specific imaging-mode is often poor; however, it may be improved by priming the needles with an ultrasound contrast agent. This study aimed to evaluate needle priming methods using the ultrasound contrast agent sulfur hexafluoride and a 1 mL syringe.

    Material and Methods

    Two kinds of biopsy needles, side-notch and full core, and one kind of introducer needle were primed using non-primed needles as controls (n = 180). Recordings of punctures were performed in a water bath phantom to which the ultrasound contrast agent had also been added. Contrast-specific imaging-mode needle visibility was evaluated for the entire needles and the needle tips, respectively, quantitatively by calculating the contrast-to-noise ratio and qualitatively via grading by three radiologists.

    Results

    The contrast-to-noise ratio following the ultrasound contrast agent priming was superior compared to the controls for the entire needles of all three types (p < 0.001) and for the needle tips of the core biopsy needles and introducer needles (p < 0.001). However, the ratio was equal to the controls for the needle tips of the side-notch biopsy needles (p = 0.19). Needle visibility following the ultrasound contrast agent priming was qualitatively superior compared to the controls for both the entire needles and the needle tips, and the difference was considered clinically relevant by the assessors (p < 0.001).

    Conclusion

    The ultrasound contrast agent needle priming methods described increased the contrast-specific imaging-mode needle visibility in a phantom model. Nonetheless, the results also need to be confirmed in vivo.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Springer Nature, 2023
    Keywords
    Needle visibility, Ultrasound, Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, Contrast-specific imaging-mode, Needle priming, Ultrasound contrast agent, Needle filling, Core needle biopsy, Core biopsy needle, Introducer needle
    National Category
    Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-510939 (URN)10.1007/s00270-023-03500-3 (DOI)001028420300003 ()37438650 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    Swedish Cancer Society, 2020 1303 PjF01Region UppsalaUppsala University
    Available from: 2023-09-13 Created: 2023-09-13 Last updated: 2024-10-07Bibliographically approved
    4. Ultrasound Contrast Agent Needle Priming: Impact on Sonographic Biopsy Needle Visibility in a Porcine Liver Model
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ultrasound Contrast Agent Needle Priming: Impact on Sonographic Biopsy Needle Visibility in a Porcine Liver Model
    Show others...
    2024 (English)In: Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, ISSN 0174-1551, E-ISSN 1432-086X, Vol. 47, no 7, p. 1000-1008Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose:  The visibility of biopsy needles in contrast-specific imaging mode can be improved by priming them with an ultrasound contrast agent (previously demonstrated in a phantom model/ex vivo). The purpose of this study was to validate this priming method in a porcine in vivo model.

    Materials and methods:  Using a small syringe, full-core biopsy needles were primed with sulfur hexafluoride, an ultrasound contrast agent, with non-primed needles serving as controls (n = 30 + 30). Liver punctures were performed in a porcine model following intravenous administration of the same ultrasound contrast agent. Needle visibility, both in their entirety and at the tips, was evaluated in split-screen mode using contrast-specific imaging and B-mode (low mechanical index). The assessment included quantitative analysis, calculating the contrast-to-noise ratio, and qualitative evaluation through structured grading by three radiologists.

    Results:  After needle priming, the contrast-to-noise ratio was superior for the needle in its entirety in contrast-specific imaging mode (p < 0.001) and slightly inferior in B-mode (p = 0.008). No differences were observed for the needle tips in either imaging mode. Qualitatively, the needle visibility was deemed clinically superior after needle priming throughout in contrast-specific imaging mode (p < 0.001), whereas no clinically relevant differences in B-mode for either the needle in its entirety (p = 0.11) or the needle tip (p = 1) were observed.

    Conclusion:  In this in vivo porcine liver model experiment, priming biopsy needles with ultrasound contrast agent improved needle visibility in contrast-specific imaging mode but slightly reduced it in B-mode. These findings support the method's use for biopsies requiring target visualization in contrast-specific imaging mode. Keywords:  Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Contrast-specific imaging mode; Core biopsy needle; Core needle biopsy; Needle filling; Needle priming; Needle visibility; Ultrasound; Ultrasound contrast agent.

    Keywords
    Needle visibility, Ultrasound, Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, Contrast-specific imaging mode, Ultrasound contrast agent, Needle priming, Needle filling, Core needle biopsy, Core biopsy needle
    National Category
    Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging
    Research subject
    Radiology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539692 (URN)10.1007/s00270-024-03758-1 (DOI)
    Funder
    Swedish Cancer Society, 2020 1303 PjF 01 H, HASwedish Cancer Society, 2023 3123 Pj 01 H, HA
    Available from: 2024-10-03 Created: 2024-10-03 Last updated: 2024-10-07Bibliographically approved
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  • Peel, John S.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology.
    Kouchinsky, Artem
    Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Unusual diagenesis of Cambrian chancelloriids from Greenland and Siberia2024In: Alcheringa, ISSN 0311-5518, E-ISSN 1752-0754, Vol. 48, no 3, p. 419-429Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Phosphatized sclerites of Chancelloria and Allonnia are described from the Henson Gletscher Formation (Cambrian, Miaolingian Series, Wuliuan Stage) of North Greenland and the lower Cambrian of Siberia. They preserve diagenetic, unusually large, elongate crystals within the internal cavity (lumen) that maintain the imbricate lamellar structure of the original microstructure of the aragonitic sclerite wall.

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  • Nordström, Peter
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical geriatrics.
    Ahlqvist, Viktor H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical geriatrics. Aarhus Univ, Dept Biomed, Aarhus, Denmark.;Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ballin, Marcel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical geriatrics. Ctr Epidemiol & Community Med, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Nordström, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine. Arctic Univ Norway, UiT, Sch Sport Sci, Tromso, Norway..
    A novel clinical prediction model for hip fractures: a development and validation study in the total population of Sweden2024In: eClinicalMedicine, E-ISSN 2589-5370, Vol. 77, article id 102877Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Low bone density and osteoporosis are indications for bone-specific fi c treatment. However, given the limited availability of bone density data in clinical practice and the fact that most patients with hip fracture do not have osteoporosis, accurate prediction of hip fracture risk in the absence of bone density data would be crucial. Methods This development and validation study included the entire Swedish population aged 50 years or older in 2005 (N = 3,340,977) and was conducted by cross-linking data from nationwide registers. Potential predictive variables included diagnoses, prescription medications, familial factors, frailty-related factors, and socioeconomic factors. The primary endpoint was the 5-year risk of hip fracture. Fracture prediction algorithms were developed and validated using multivariable models. Model performance and validation was also examined in a sub cohort restricted to 504,431 individuals with non-Swedish background. Findings During a total follow-up of 15.2 million person-years, 87,089 individuals suffered a hip fracture within 5 years. In the fi nal prediction model, 19 variables were associated with a population attributable fraction of 93.9% (95% CI, 93.7-94.1) - 94.1) in women and 92.7% (95% CI, 92.2-93.0) - 93.0) in men. The strongest predictor, besides old age, was the use of homemaker service, with a 5-year risk of hip fracture of 7.8% in women and 4.7% in men. The diagnoses most strongly predicting the 5-year risk of hip fracture was Parkinson's ' s disease (6.8% in women, 4.6% in men) and dementia (6.1% in women, 3.6% in men). Validation of the prediction model suggested that the optimal threshold for treatment with bone-specific fi c agents was an estimated 5-year hip fracture risk of 3%. Assuming a threshold of 3% and a 30% relative risk reduction from bone-specific fi c treatment, the number needed to treat to prevent one hip fracture was estimated to 36 in women and 52 in men. Similar results were obtained in the sub cohort with non-Swedish background. Interpretation A clinical prediction model developed and validated in the total Swedish population could predict the risk of hip fractures with high precision even in absence of data on bone density. The model was associated with a population attributable fraction for hip fracture of more than 90%, and the strongest predictor besides old age was the use of homemaker service, which likely reflect fl ect frailty. Based on the model, individuals with an estimated 5-year risk of hip fracture of at least 3% could be considered for bone-specific fi c treatment. Funding None. Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 2024;77: Published https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.eclinm.2024. 102877

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  • Johannisson, Anders
    et al.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Clin Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Morrell, Jane M.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Clin Sci, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Ntallaris, Theodoros
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Clin Sci, Uppsala, Sweden..
    A combination of biomarkers for predicting stallion sperm fertility2024In: Veterinary research communications, ISSN 0165-7380, E-ISSN 1573-7446, Vol. 48, no 4, p. 2157-2169Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Equine breeding would benefit greatly from reliable biomarkers of stallion or ejaculate fertility. The aim of the study was to investigate how several in vitro sperm characteristics correlate with fertility after artificial insemination, to explore the potential to build a fertility prediction model for stallions. Cooled insemination doses (3–5 per stallion) were obtained from various studs. Sperm membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, chromatin integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species production were evaluated by flow cytometry 24–30 h after semen collection, and sperm motility was assessed by computer aided sperm analysis. Calcein violet was used to differentiate viable spermatozoa. Per season pregnancy rates for these stallions were available the following year. Positive correlations were found between pregnancy rate and straightness (r = 0.43, p ≤ 0.001), as well as pregnancy rate and the proportion of living hydrogen peroxide positive spermatozoa (r = 0.32, p ≤ 0.05). There were negative correlations between pregnancy rate and amplitude of lateral head displacement (r = -0.26, p ≤ 0.05), and between pregnancy rate and the mean fluorescence of dead superoxide positive spermatozoa (r = -0.46, p < 0.001). Principal component analysis indicated that motility, membrane integrity, DNA fragmentation, and reactive oxygen species production were associated with pregnancy rate. Therefore, a combination of these factors could be used as a biomarker of fertility when assessing ejaculates. However, data from more individuals would be required to construct a model for fertility prediction.

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  • Makkar, Akanksha
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Information Technology.
    Industrial Assembly Workstation Layout Optimization for Improved Operator Ergonomics Using Actor-Critic Approach2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Efficiency and productivity have long been the driving forces behind advancements in manufacturing industries, from the inception of Industry 1.0 to the recent standards of Industry 5.0. However, a paradigm shift in industrial philosophies has brought increased emphasis on the well-being and safety of workers. Industry 5.0 seeks to strike a harmonious balance between cutting-edge technology and human-centric practices, with ergonomic optimization of industrial production lines emerging as a critical concern, directly impacting the physical health and overall productivity of operators. This thesis explores an innovative approach to tackle the challenges posed by sub-optimal ergonomics in production lines, focusing on the multi-objective optimization of workstation layouts using the three objectives: Spaghetti Diagram Meters, OWAS Lindqvist Index, Area Utilisation. Traditional manual assessment methods by domain experts have been effective to some extent, but they are labour-intensive, time-consuming, and may not provide the best solutions across various scenarios. In response, this thesis harnesses the potential of reinforcement learning techniques, specifically the policy-based actor-critic approach, to automate workstation layout optimization while prioritizing both worker well-beingand production efficiency. The proposed solutions for the layout optimisation are presented as Pareto fronts, further the results also depict the usage of this approach to provide enhanced layouts given the minimised metrics of Spaghetti Diagram Meters, Owas Lindqvist Index and Area Utilisation. 

  • Budd, Graham E.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology.
    Mann, Richard P.
    Univ Leeds, Sch Math, Dept Stat, Leeds LS2 9JT, England..
    Two Notorious Nodes: A Critical Examination of Relaxed Molecular Clock Age Estimates of the Bilaterian Animals and Placental Mammals2024In: Systematic Biology, ISSN 1063-5157, E-ISSN 1076-836X, Vol. 73, no 1, p. 223-234Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The popularity of relaxed clock Bayesian inference of clade origin timings has generated several recent publications with focal results considerably older than the fossils of the clades in question. Here, we critically examine two such clades: the animals (with a focus on the bilaterians) and the mammals (with a focus on the placentals). Each example displays a set of characteristic pathologies which, although much commented on, are rarely corrected for. We conclude that in neither case does the molecular clock analysis provide any evidence for an origin of the clade deeper than what is suggested by the fossil record. In addition, both these clades have other features (including, in the case of the placental mammals, proximity to a large mass extinction) that allow us to generate precise expectations of the timings of their origins. Thus, in these instances, the fossil record can provide a powerful test of molecular clock methodology, and why it goes astray, and we have every reason to think these problems are general.

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  • Sahu, Tushar Kanta
    et al.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Mat & Environm Chem, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Saha, Jayeeta
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Mat & Environm Chem, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Anil, Athira
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Solid State Physics.
    Salazar-Alvarez, Germán
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Solid State Physics.
    Johnsson, Mats
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Mat & Environm Chem, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Electrochemical Seawater Oxidation by (Ni,Co)3O4-RuO2 Catalysts at Neutral pH in a Forward Osmosis Cell2024In: ACS Applied Energy Materials, E-ISSN 2574-0962, Vol. 7, no 10, p. 4445-4453Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Using seawater to generate green hydrogen through electrolysis is a promising strategy for energy conversion. However, direct seawater splitting to form green hydrogen suffers drawbacks from electrode corrosion due to chlorine and other impurities. Herein, we demonstrate direct electrochemical seawater splitting using a forward osmosis membrane coupled with an electrolysis cell. By using this cell, high activity (270 mV at 10 mA/cm2) and decent stability (up to 6 days) are achieved by utilizing RuO2-(Ni,Co)3O4 catalyst in a neutral electrolyte. This system is further studied in various electrolytes under neutral to alkaline conditions. This proof of concept shows that seawater splitting could be coupled with semipermeable membranes, allowing for direct utilization of seawater without pretreatment or purification and evading the challenges posed by impurities.

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  • Fihurka, Nataliia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Tarnavchyk, Ihor
    North Dakota State Univ, Dept Coatings & Polymer Mat, Fargo, ND USA..
    Nosova, Nataliya
    Lviv Polytech Natl Univ, Organ Chem Dept, Lvov, Ukraine..
    Varvarenko, Serhii
    Lviv Polytech Natl Univ, Organ Chem Dept, Lvov, Ukraine..
    Dron, Iryna
    Lviv Polytech Natl Univ, Organ Chem Dept, Lvov, Ukraine..
    Ostapiv, Dmytro
    NAAS Ukraine, Inst Anim Biol, Lvov, Ukraine..
    Vlislo, Vasyl
    NAAS Ukraine, Inst Anim Biol, Lvov, Ukraine..
    Samaryk, Volodymyr
    Lviv Polytech Natl Univ, Organ Chem Dept, Lvov, Ukraine..
    Surface active polyesters based on N-substituted glutamic acid as promising materials for biomedical applications2024In: International Journal of Polymeric Materials, ISSN 0091-4037, E-ISSN 1563-535X, Vol. 73, no 14, p. 1207-1215Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the present work, N-substituted glutamic acid, polyethylene and polypropylene glycols have been used to design biocompatible copolyesters via Steglich reactions. Due to the presence of alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks in their structures, these copolyesters are able to form self-stabilized nanoparticle dispersions in aqueous media. The lipophilic core of these nanoparticles can solubilize poorly water-soluble compounds and release them into a model of lipids in a human body. Moreover, the obtained copolyesters possess no cytotoxic effects over a wide concentration range. Thus, we conclude that obtained copolyesters show significant promise for further development as drug delivery systems.

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  • Azmi, Raheleh
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Structural Chemistry.
    Lindgren, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Structural Chemistry.
    Stokes-Rodriguez, Killian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Structural Chemistry. SINTEF Ind, Dept Sustainable Energy Technol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
    Buga, Mihaela
    Natl Res & Dev Inst Cryogen & Isotop Technol ICSI, ICSI Energy Dept, ROM EST Lab, Ramnicu Valcea 240050, Romania..
    Ungureanu, Cosmin
    Natl Res & Dev Inst Cryogen & Isotop Technol ICSI, ICSI Energy Dept, ROM EST Lab, Ramnicu Valcea 240050, Romania.;Natl Univ Sci & Technol POLITEHN Bucharest, Fac Energy Engn, Bucharest 060042, Romania..
    Gouveia, Tom
    Solvionic, Res & Innovat Dept, F-31100 Toulouse, France..
    Christensen, Ida
    Vianode, N-4621 Kristiansand, Norway..
    Pal, Shubhadeep
    Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Condensed Matter & Nanosci, B-1348 Louvain La Neuve, Belgium..
    Vlad, Alexandru
    Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Condensed Matter & Nanosci, B-1348 Louvain La Neuve, Belgium..
    Ladam, Alix
    Solvionic, Res & Innovat Dept, F-31100 Toulouse, France..
    Edström, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Structural Chemistry.
    Hahlin, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Structural Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Condensed Matter Physics of Energy Materials.
    An XPS Study of Electrolytes for Li-Ion Batteries in Full Cell LNMO vs Si/Graphite2024In: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, ISSN 1944-8244, E-ISSN 1944-8252, Vol. 16, no 26, p. 34266-34280Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Two different types of electrolytes (co-solvent and multi-salt) are tested for use in high voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4||Si/graphite full cells and compared against a carbonate-based standard LiPF6 containing electrolyte (baseline). Ex situ postmortem XPS analysis on both anodes and cathodes over the life span of the cells reveals a continuously growing SEI and CEI for the baseline electrolyte. The cells cycled in the co-solvent electrolyte exhibited a relatively thick and long-term stable CEI (on LNMO), while a slowly growing SEI was determined to form on the Si/graphite. The multi-salt electrolyte offers more inorganic-rich SEI/CEI while also forming the thinnest SEI/CEI observed in this study. Cross-talk is identified in the baseline electrolyte cell, where Si is detected on the cathode, and Mn is detected on the anode. Both the multi-salt and co-solvent electrolytes are observed to substantially reduce this cross-talk, where the co-solvent is found to be the most effective. In addition, Al corrosion is detected for the multi-salt electrolyte mainly at its end-of-life stage, where Al can be found on both the anode and cathode. Although the co-solvent electrolyte offers superior interface properties in terms of the limitation of cross-talk, the multi-salt electrolyte offers the best overall performance, suggesting that interface thickness plays a superior role compared to cross-talk. Together with their electrochemical cycling performance, the results suggest that multi-salt electrolyte provides a better long-term passivation of the electrodes for high-voltage cells.

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  • Public defence: 2024-11-22 09:15 lecture room Sonja Lyttkens, Uppsala
    Misiewicz, Casimir
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Structural Chemistry.
    Probing the Gaseous Phase in Batteries: Big and Small2024Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Rechargeable alkali batteries (RABs) are a key technology for alleviating global energy demands, operating via reversible electrochemical reactions at the positive electrode (cathode) and negative electrode (anode). Current state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) achieve a high coulombic efficiency (CE) of more than 99.98%, meaning only 0.02% of reactions are undesired, known as side reactions. This high CE is partly due to the presence of a passivating layer at the anode known as the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) that protects the electrolyte from being reductively decomposed. However, there are still unwanted side reactions occurring at the cathode that cause long term capacity fade. This thesis presents the development and application of advanced methodologies for studying degradation processes at the cathode across various battery types. The operando gas analysis technique known as Online Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (OEMS) was used throughout the thesis. Three variants of OEMS are explored: purging OEMS (POEMS), closed leak OEMS (CLEMS) and intermittently closed OEMS (ICEMS) of which the latter was developed in this work. A means of interfacing large-format prismatic and cylindrical cells with ICEMS & CLEMS was additionally developed, enabling the investigation of gas evolution in commercially relevant cells. POEMS was primarily used to study laboratory scale model systems. Four cathode materials (CAMs) are studied: two state-of-the-art (lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide, NCA, and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, NMC) and two next-generation (sodium (II) hexacyanoferrate (Prussian White, PW) and lithium nickel manganese oxide, LNMO). Each CAM exhibited distinct degradation behaviours, with NMC, NCA and PW suffering from structural degradation and LNMO from electrolyte oxidation. It was found that the lattice oxygen release from NMC and NCA (which reacts with the electrolyte forming CO2) affects commercial cells. An analogous process was observed in PW, where reconstruction at the surface resulted in CN ligand release at high potentials, which react with the electrolyte forming both CO2 and (CN)2. A comprehensive reaction pathway for electrolyte decomposition on LNMO positive electrodes was proposed, highlighting how oxidation products (namely protons) autocatalyze decomposition of multiple components in the electrode. Additionally, strategies to mitigate these processes were explored; including forced surface reconstruction on PW, Ta-doping in NMC, and use of cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) forming additives on LNMO. Furthermore, a novel method for screening for effective CEI forming additives was developed using POEMS. These findings highlight the versatility of OEMS as a powerful tool for understanding and mitigating degradation in RABs.

    List of papers
    1. Online electrochemical mass spectrometry on large-format Li-ion cells
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Online electrochemical mass spectrometry on large-format Li-ion cells
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    2023 (English)In: Journal of Power Sources, ISSN 0378-7753, E-ISSN 1873-2755, Vol. 554, article id 232318Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Advances in methodologies for real-time analysis of batteries have come a long way, especially with the development of Operando Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (OEMS). These approaches allow for the deter-mination of side reactions during battery cycling with unprecedented selectivity and sensitivity, providing vital information necessary for determination of lifetime-limiting processes. However, the work thus far has primarily been carried out on model battery systems, where cell atmospheres are largely altered (through open flow, closed cell, and intermittent sampling approaches) and operation conditions are therefore not comparable with real-life situations. Herein, the development and validation of an intermittently closed OEMS system adapted for readily available commercial batteries is showcased. We provide a detailed description of a unique analysis design for large-format PHEV2 cells, with subsequent pressure and gassing data. A qualitative analysis of the results shows that side reactions brought on by structural transitions within both electrodes can be clearly observed. Transi-tions causing large volume changes in graphite induce H2 and C2H4 as SEI reformation products while the c lattice collapse in NMC induces CO2 evolution (through O2 release). OEMS can therefore be used for the quick and effective study of commercially available rechargeable batteries without influencing the internal battery chemistry.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2023
    Keywords
    Large -format cells, Li -ion batteries, Gas evolution, Online electrochemical mass spectrometry, Side reactions
    National Category
    Energy Engineering
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-489595 (URN)10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232318 (DOI)000882530500004 ()
    Funder
    Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2017.0204Swedish Research Council, 2016-04069Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, FFL18-0269StandUp
    Available from: 2022-12-02 Created: 2022-12-02 Last updated: 2024-10-06Bibliographically approved
    2. Gas evolution in large-format automotive lithium-ion battery during formation: Effect of cell size and temperature
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Gas evolution in large-format automotive lithium-ion battery during formation: Effect of cell size and temperature
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    2024 (English)In: Journal of Power Sources, ISSN 0378-7753, E-ISSN 1873-2755, Vol. 603, article id 234419Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Optimization of cell formation during lithium -ion battery (LIB) production is needed to reduce time and cost. Operando gas analysis can provide unique insights into the nature, extent, and duration of the formation process. Herein we present the development and application of an Online Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (OEMS) design capable of monitoring gas evolution and consumption in both model coin-cells (Q = 0.72 mAh) with a graphite/electrolyte weight-ratio of 1:12.5 and large-format Li -ion cells (Q = 72 Ah) with a graphite/electrolyte weight -ratio of 1:0.63 during operation. Although the composition and amounts of gas are highly comparable, even when validated against ex -situ analysis, the gas release rate is lower from the larger cell size and likely limited by gas bubble transport through the electrode stack of the cell during formation. Higher temperatures accelerate the formation process, but also alters the composition and extent of gas released. Apart from providing novel insights into the formation processes of large -format Li-ion cells, our OEMS setup offers an opportunity for the battery manufacturing and automotive industry to explore the impact of battery formation and/or operating conditions on gas evolution in next -generation Li-ion batteries of any size.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2024
    Keywords
    Li-ion batteries, Automotive cells, Gas evolution, Online electrochemical mass spectrometry, Cell formation
    National Category
    Energy Engineering
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-528663 (URN)10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.234419 (DOI)001222691300001 ()
    Funder
    Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2017.0204Swedish Research Council, 2016- 04069Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, FFL18-0269StandUp
    Available from: 2024-05-29 Created: 2024-05-29 Last updated: 2024-10-06Bibliographically approved
    3. Resolving high potential structural deterioration in Ni-rich layered cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries operando
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Resolving high potential structural deterioration in Ni-rich layered cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries operando
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    2023 (English)In: Journal of Energy Storage, ISSN 2352-152X, E-ISSN 2352-1538, Vol. 57, article id 106211Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    LixNi0.90Co0.05Al0.05O2 (NCA) extracted from an automotive battery cell is studied using a combination of in-house operando techniques to understand the correlation between gas evolution and structural collapse when NCA is cycled to high potentials in a lithium-ion battery configuration. The operando techniques comprise X-ray diffraction (XRD) and online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS), and cycled using intermittent current interruption (ICI). The ICI cycling protocol is used to assess the dynamic change in resistance as well as to provide a validation of the operando setups. Both gas evolution and structural collapse have previously been observed as degradation mechanisms of Ni-rich electrodes including NCA, however, their causal link is still under debate. Here our presented results show a correlation between the decrease of the interlayer distance in NCA with both an increase in CO2 evolution and diffusion resistance above 4.1 V. Additionally, particle cracking, which is a mechanism often correlated with gas evolution, was found to be reversible and visible before gas evolution and Li diffusion resistance increase. The ICI technique is shown to be useful for the correlation of operando experiments on parallel setups and evaluation of mass transport dependent processes.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2023
    Keywords
    Oxygen release, Li-ion batteries, Structural stability, High-voltage, Battery for electric vehicle
    National Category
    Materials Chemistry
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-490847 (URN)10.1016/j.est.2022.106211 (DOI)000909769200002 ()
    Funder
    Swedish Energy AgencyStandUp
    Available from: 2022-12-14 Created: 2022-12-14 Last updated: 2024-10-06Bibliographically approved
    4. Enhancing the Stability and Performance of Ni-rich Cathode Materials through Ta Doping: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Enhancing the Stability and Performance of Ni-rich Cathode Materials through Ta Doping: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study
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    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    As the demand for high-energy batteries to power electric vehicles continues to grow, Ni-rich cathode materials have emerged as promising candidates due to their high capacity. However, these materials are prone to rapid degradation under increased voltages, posing significant challenges for their long-term stability and safety. In this study, we investigate the effects of tantalum (Ta) doping on the performance and stability of LiNi0.80Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathode materials. Using a combined theoretical and experimental approach, we employ Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Cluster Expansion models to analyze the electronic structure and oxygen vacancy formation enthalpy in Ta-doped NMC811. Experimental validation is conducted using cycling and gas measurements via On-line Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (OEMS) on in-house synthesized cathode active materials. Both theoretical and experimental approaches show an improvement in oxygen binding due to tantalum doping, with the DFT results highlighting the impact of Ni4+ concentration in the proximity of the vacancy. Our results suggest that Ta doping inhibits the formation of oxygen vacancy-induced side phases, reducing cracking and enhancing the longevity and safety of Ni-rich cathodes.

    National Category
    Materials Chemistry
    Research subject
    Chemistry with Specialisation in Theoretical Chemistry; Chemistry with specialization in Materials Chemistry
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539601 (URN)
    Available from: 2024-10-02 Created: 2024-10-02 Last updated: 2024-10-09Bibliographically approved
    5. Decoupling Degradation at the Electrode Interfaces in Prussian White Full Cells
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Decoupling Degradation at the Electrode Interfaces in Prussian White Full Cells
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    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) for sodium ion battery (SIB) cathodes are growing in popularity as next generation energy storage devices. Prussian White (PW) with formula NaxFe[Fe(CN)6]y•nH2O is leading the trend, having already been commercialized. However, capacity fade (PW/electrolyte degradation) and safety concerns (cyanide/cyanogen release) still raise concerns. Online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS), supported by both operando Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Mössbauer spectroscopy (MöS), is herein used to analyse degradation processes in PW based Na-ion full cells. Apart from the typical cell formation reactions, hydrogen is observed to evolve during cell discharge and evidenced to stem from oxidation of NaH, accumulated upon charge. Over-oxidation of PW after full desodiation releases CN, which not only forms (CN)2 but also degrades the electrolyte. Loss of CN likely results in a nanometric (~4 nm) surface-reconstructed passivation layer on PW thus inhibiting further degradation. Fundamental understanding of degradation reactions in PW full-cells, as gathered herein, shows that the aforementioned capacity fade and safety concerns are wholly addressable and hence guides the further development of Na-ion batteries for wider ranges of applications.

    National Category
    Materials Chemistry
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539827 (URN)
    Available from: 2024-10-05 Created: 2024-10-05 Last updated: 2024-10-09
    6. Formation of a Cathode Electrolyte Interphase on High-Voltage Li-ion Cathodes
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Formation of a Cathode Electrolyte Interphase on High-Voltage Li-ion Cathodes
    2024 (English)In: Chemistry of Materials, ISSN 0897-4756, E-ISSN 1520-5002, Vol. 36, no 19, p. 9729-9740Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    The spinel oxide LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) currently competes to replace the conventional layered transition metal oxide active material in Li-ion batteries. The high average operating potential (4.8 V vs Li+/Li) challenges the stability of the electrolyte, which, in turn, compromises the lifetime of the Li-ion cell. Online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS) is herein implemented to study the degradation processes occurring at the cathode surface. Gases continuously evolve across subsequent cycles as a result of electrolyte oxidation, a process that is found to be only potentially activated and independent of electrode surface composition. The subsequent formation of protic species autocatalyzes electrolyte salt degradation, which in turn triggers the corrosion of active material, current collector, and conductive carbons. The effectiveness of several well-known electrolyte additives, previously claimed to act as cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) formers, was explored, revealing the efficacy of phosphorus-based additives. Our study provides a rapid and quantifiable approach to tackle the major challenge of high-voltage cathode materials, namely, their stabilization toward the electrolyte and how to identify and develop an efficient passivating CEI.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    American Chemical Society (ACS), 2024
    National Category
    Materials Chemistry
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-539609 (URN)10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c01872 (DOI)001317063400001 ()
    Funder
    Swedish Research Council, 2016-04069Uppsala UniversityKnut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2017.0204Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, FFL18-0269
    Available from: 2024-10-02 Created: 2024-10-02 Last updated: 2024-10-11Bibliographically approved
    7. Understanding the Capacity Fade in Polyacrylonitrile Binder-based LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cells
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Understanding the Capacity Fade in Polyacrylonitrile Binder-based LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cells
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    2022 (English)In: Batteries & Supercaps, E-ISSN 2566-6223, Vol. 5, no 12, article id e202200279Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract Binders are electrochemically inactive components that have a crucial impact in battery ageing although being present in only small amounts, typically 1?3?% w/w in commercial products. The electrochemical performance of a battery can be tailored via these inactive materials by optimizing the electrode integrity and surface chemistry. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) for LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) half-cells is here investigated as a binder material to enable a stable electrode-electrolyte interface. Despite being previously described in literature as an oxidatively stable polymer, it is shown that PAN degrades and develops resistive layers within the LNMO cathode. We demonstrate continuous internal resistance increase in LNMO-based cells during battery operation using intermittent current interruption (ICI) technique. Through a combination of on-line electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization techniques, the degradation products can be identified as solid on the LNMO electrode surface, and no excessive gas formation seen. The increased resistance and parasitic processes are correlated to side-reactions of the PAN, possibly intramolecular cyclization, which can be identified as the main cause of the comparatively fast capacity fade.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    John Wiley & Sons, 2022
    Keywords
    LNMO, high-voltage cathode, binder, lithium-ion battery, oxidative decomposition
    National Category
    Materials Chemistry
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-493178 (URN)10.1002/batt.202200279 (DOI)000863958300001 ()
    Funder
    Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2017.0204Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, FFL18-0269
    Available from: 2023-01-12 Created: 2023-01-12 Last updated: 2024-10-06Bibliographically approved
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