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Lara-Castor, L., Micha, R., Cudhea, F., Miller, V., Shi, P., Zhang, J., . . . Rubina, H. (2023). Sugar-sweetened beverage intakes among adults between 1990 and 2018 in 185 countries. Nature Communications, 14(1), Article ID 5957.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Sugar-sweetened beverage intakes among adults between 1990 and 2018 in 185 countries
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2023 (English)In: Nature Communications, E-ISSN 2041-1723, Vol. 14, no 1, article id 5957Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are associated with cardiometabolic diseasesand social inequities. For most nations, recent estimates and trends ofintake are not available; nor variation by education or urbanicity. We investigatedSSB intakes among adults between 1990 and 2018 in 185 countries,stratified subnationally by age, sex, education, and rural/urban residence,using data from the Global Dietary Database. In 2018, mean global SSB intakewas 2.7 (8 oz = 248 grams) servings/week (95% UI 2.5-2.9) (range: 0.7 (0.5-1.1) inSouth Asia to 7.8 (7.1-8.6) in Latin America/Caribbean). Intakes were higher inmale vs. female, younger vs. older, more vs. less educated, and urban vs. ruraladults. Variations by education and urbanicity were largest in Sub-SaharanAfrica. Between 1990 and 2018, SSB intakes increased by +0.37 (+0.29, +0.47),with the largest increase in Sub-Saharan Africa. These findings inform intervention,surveillance, and policy actions worldwide, highlighting the growingproblem of SSBs for public health in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2023
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-549077 (URN)10.1038/s41467-023-41269-8 (DOI)001084392600012 ()37788998 (PubMedID)
Funder
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, OPP1176682
Note

Wulf Becker: Medförfattare som medlem i Global Dietary Database

Available from: 2025-01-30 Created: 2025-01-30 Last updated: 2025-05-15Bibliographically approved
Karlsson, M., Becker, W., Cederholm, T. E. & Byberg, L. (2022). A posteriori Dietary Patterns in 71-year-old Swedish Men and the Prevalence of Sarcopenia 16 Years Later. British Journal of Nutrition, 128(5), 909-920
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A posteriori Dietary Patterns in 71-year-old Swedish Men and the Prevalence of Sarcopenia 16 Years Later
2022 (English)In: British Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 0007-1145, E-ISSN 1475-2662, Vol. 128, no 5, p. 909-920Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The role of diet in sarcopenia is unclear, and results from studies using dietary patterns (DP) are inconsistent. We assessed how adherences to a posteriori DP are associated with the prevalence of sarcopenia and its components 16 years later. Four DP were defined in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men at baseline (n 1133, average age 71 years). Among 257 men with information at follow-up, 19 % (n 50) had sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on sarcopenia in Older People 2 definition. Adherence to DP2 (mainly characterised by high intake of vegetables, green salad, fruit, poultry, rice and pasta) was non-linearly associated with sarcopenia; adjusted OR and 95 % CI for medium and high v. low adherence: 0·41 (0·17, 0·98) and 0·40 (0·17, 0·94). The OR per standard deviation (sd) higher adherence to DP2 was 0·70 (0·48, 1·03). Adjusted OR (95 % CI) for 1 sd higher adherence to DP1 (mainly characterised by high consumption of milk and cereals), DP3 (mainly characterised by high consumption of bread, cheese, marmalade, jam and sugar) and DP4 (mainly characterised by high consumption of potatoes, meat and egg and low consumption of fermented milk) were 1·04 (0·74, 1·46), 1·19 (0·71, 2·00) and 1·08 (0·77, 1·53), respectively. There were no clear associations between adherence to the DP and muscle strength, muscle mass, physical performance or sarcopenia using EWGSOP1 (sarcopenia n 54). Our results indicate that diet may be a potentially modifiable risk factor for sarcopenia in old Swedish men.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Cambridge University Press, 2022
Keywords
sarcopenia, dietary pattern, principal component analysis, longitudinal, muscle mass
National Category
Public Health, Global Health and Social Medicine Nutrition and Dietetics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-455968 (URN)10.1017/s0007114521003901 (DOI)000744725700001 ()34585650 (PubMedID)
Funder
Region Örebro County
Available from: 2021-10-14 Created: 2021-10-14 Last updated: 2025-02-20Bibliographically approved
Karlsson, M., Becker, W., Michaëlsson, K., Cederholm, T. & Sjögren, P. (2020). Associations between dietary patterns at age 71 and the prevalence of sarcopenia 16 years later. Clinical Nutrition, 39(4), 1077-1084
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Associations between dietary patterns at age 71 and the prevalence of sarcopenia 16 years later
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2020 (English)In: Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0261-5614, E-ISSN 1532-1983, Vol. 39, no 4, p. 1077-1084Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The growing recognition of the significance of sarcopenia has highlighted the need to understand etiologic factors, where food intake likely plays a role. The aim was to investigate the association between dietary patterns at mean age 71 and the prevalence of sarcopenia at mean age 87 in a Swedish cohort of community dwelling men.

METHODS: Dietary habits were assessed using a 7-day food record. Adherences to official dietary guidelines, defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) by using the Healthy Diet Indicator, and Mediterranean-like dietary habits by using the Mediterranean Diet Score, were calculated. Sarcopenia was determined using the definition from the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and associations to each dietary pattern were analyzed using logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounders.

RESULTS: Our study population included 254 men, mean age 71 at baseline, and 53 (21%) were defined as sarcopenic 16 years later. There was no linear relationship between increased adherence to WHO dietary guidelines and future prevalence of sarcopenia, although those with medium adherence seemed to be protected (crude OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.19-0.92). On the other hand, an inverse relationship to sarcopenia was found for each SD increment in the Mediterranean diet score (crude OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.46-0.99), which remained after adjusting for potential confounders. Sensitivity analysis indicated relationships to be independent of changes in physical activity and dietary misreporting.

CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective study of elderly men, using a single measure of diet at age 71 as a reflection of habitual dietary habits, healthy dietary patterns tended to protect against the development of sarcopenia over 16 years. In particular, we found indications that increased adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern might be advantageous.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2020
Keywords
Cohort, Dietary pattern, Healthy diet indicator, Longitudinal, Mediterranean diet, Sarcopenia
National Category
Nutrition and Dietetics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-405904 (URN)10.1016/j.clnu.2019.04.009 (DOI)000527854300010 ()31036414 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2015-02338
Available from: 2020-03-02 Created: 2020-03-02 Last updated: 2025-02-11Bibliographically approved
Nälsén, C., Becker, W., Pearson, M., Ridefelt, P., Lindroos, A. K., Kotova, N. & Mattisson, I. (2020). Vitamin D status in children and adults in Sweden: dietary intake and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in children aged 10-12 years and adults aged 18-80 years. Journal of Nutritional Science, 9, Article ID e47.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Vitamin D status in children and adults in Sweden: dietary intake and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in children aged 10-12 years and adults aged 18-80 years
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2020 (English)In: Journal of Nutritional Science, E-ISSN 2048-6790, Vol. 9, article id e47Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The study aimed to estimate vitamin D intake and plasma/serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations, investigate determinants of 25(OH)D concentrations and compare two 25(OH)D assays. We conducted two nationwide cross-sectional studies in Sweden with 206 school children aged 10-12 years and 1797 adults aged 18-80 years (n 268 provided blood samples). A web-based dietary record was used to assess dietary intake. Plasma/serum 25 (OH)D was analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and immunoassay in adults and LC-MS/MS in children. Most participants reported a vitamin D intake below the average requirement (AR), 16 % of children and 33 % of adults met the AR (7.5 mu g). In adults, plasma 25 (OH)D below 30 and 50 nmol/l were found in 1 and 18 % of participants during the summer period and in 9 and 40 % of participants during the winter period, respectively. In children, serum 25(OH)D below 30 and 50 nmol/l were found in 5 and 42 % of participants (samples collected March-May), respectively. Higher 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with the summer season, vacations in sunny locations (adults), and dietary intake of vitamin D and use of vitamin D supplements, while lower concentrations were associated with a higher BMI and an origin outside of Europe. Concentrations of 25 (OH)D were lower using the immunoassay than with the LC-MS assay, but associations with dietary factors and seasonal variability were similar. In conclusion, vitamin D intake was lower than the AR, especially in children. The 25(OH)D concentrations were low in many participants, but few participants had a concentration below 30 nmol/l.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 2020
Keywords
25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D assays, Adults, Children, Vitamin D status
National Category
Nutrition and Dietetics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-424032 (URN)10.1017/jns.2020.40 (DOI)000576857800001 ()33101664 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Environmental Protection AgencySwedish Civil Contingencies Agency
Available from: 2020-11-09 Created: 2020-11-09 Last updated: 2025-02-11Bibliographically approved
Hansson, S. O., Åman, P., Becker, W., De Koning, D.-J., Lagerkvist, C. J., Larsson, I., . . . Stymne, S. (2018). Breeding for public health: A strategy. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 80, 131-140
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Breeding for public health: A strategy
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2018 (English)In: Trends in Food Science & Technology, ISSN 0924-2244, E-ISSN 1879-3053, Vol. 80, p. 131-140Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background Plant and animal breeding can contribute to promote human health by providing new and healthier food products that farmers can produce in an economically viable way and consumers will choose to buy and eat. However, this can only be achieved if breeding makes full use of knowledge about nutrition, consumer behaviour, farming and agricultural economics, A strategy is needed for breeding for public health. Scope and Approach: A multidisciplinary group of researchers has developed a strategy for plant and animal breeding for public health. The group includes experts in plant breeding, animal breeding, food science, nutrition science, clinical nutrition, agricultural economics, consumer research, and ethics. Key Findings and Conclusions: An outline is proposed of a strategy for breeding for public health. It aims at improving public health in both low- and high-income countries. To prevent chronic disease, the highest priority should be to develop healthy variants of traditional food items that can be introduced universally, i.e. completely replace the older, less healthy variants. In particular in low-income countries, food products with enhanced micronutrient content are urgently needed. In all countries, crops with improved fatty acid composition can contribute substantially to improved public health. A reasonable second priority is products that may not be suitable for universal introduction but will expectedly be demanded by large groups of consumers. One example could be diminishing the energy density of traditional foodstuffs by reducing their fat, sugar, and starch content and increasing their dietary fibre content, Changes in the current organization of the market for farm products are needed to encourage the production of healthier foodstuffs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON, 2018
Keywords
Animal breeding, Consumers, Energy density, Fat composition, Food choice, Genetic modification, Micronutrients, Nutrition, Obesity, Plant breeding, Public health
National Category
Food Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-369057 (URN)10.1016/j.tifs.2018.07.023 (DOI)000447080600012 ()
Funder
Swedish Research Council, K2015-54X-22081-04-3Mistra - The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research
Available from: 2018-12-14 Created: 2018-12-14 Last updated: 2018-12-14Bibliographically approved
Karlsson, M., Olsson, E., Becker, W., Karlström, B., Cederholm, T. & Sjögren, P. (2017). Ability to predict resting energy expenditure with six equations compared to indirect calorimetry in octogenarian men. Experimental Gerontology, 92, 52-55
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ability to predict resting energy expenditure with six equations compared to indirect calorimetry in octogenarian men
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2017 (English)In: Experimental Gerontology, ISSN 0531-5565, E-ISSN 1873-6815, Vol. 92, p. 52-55Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The accuracy of predictive equations for calculating resting energy expenditure (REE) in elderly people has been questioned. Aging is associated with progressive declines in REE, which partly is explained by loss of fat free mass (FFM). Against this background we aimed to identify the most accurate predictive equation for REE in octogenarian men, taking body composition into account and using indirect calorimetry as reference value. REE was measured in 22 men (mean age 82.6 +/- 0.3 years) and compared with six predictive equations: two based on FFM and four based on body weight, height and/or age. FFM was derived from Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry analyses. Spearman's rank correlations showed a moderate to high positive monotonic correlation (r = 0.62 to 0.79) between measured and calculated REE (all p < 0.005).The mean calculated REE was significantly different from measured REE for all equations except Mifflin-St Jeor. A calculated REE within 10% of measured REE was considered acceptable and the equations of Mifflin-St Jeor, WHO and Harris-Benedict captured 64%, 50% and 45% of the participant, respectively. The Mifflin-St Jeor equation had the lowest root mean square error (138 kcal), followed by the equation by Harris-Benedict (189 kcal) and WHO (220 kcal). The equations from Luhrmann, Henry and Cunningham predicted REE rather poorly in our study subjects, with e.g. <40% of the individuals within 10% of measured REE. Our results indicate that the Mifflin-St Jeor equation (using FFM) is the most accurate equation estimating REE in these octogenarian men. Harris-Benedict or WHO equations are potential alternatives if information on FFM is unavailable, although their accuracy on an individual level is limited.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2017
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323020 (URN)10.1016/j.exger.2017.03.013 (DOI)000400530400009 ()28323025 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, K2010-70X-2141401-3, 2011-2427
Available from: 2017-06-09 Created: 2017-06-09 Last updated: 2021-10-14Bibliographically approved
Järvi, A., Karlström, B., Vessby, B. & Becker, W. (2016). Increased intake of fruits and vegetables in overweight subjects: effects on body weight, body composition, metabolic risk factors and dietary intake. British Journal of Nutrition, 115(10), 1760-1768
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Increased intake of fruits and vegetables in overweight subjects: effects on body weight, body composition, metabolic risk factors and dietary intake
2016 (English)In: British Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 0007-1145, E-ISSN 1475-2662, Vol. 115, no 10, p. 1760-1768Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A diet rich in fruits and vegetables has been associated with several health benefits. However, the effects on body weight (BW) and metabolic markers are not fully known. The present study investigated the effects of increased intake of fruits and vegetables in overweight and obese men and women on dietary habits, anthropometry and metabolic control. In a 16-week controlled intervention, thirty-four men and thirty-four women aged 35-65 years (BMI>27 kg/m(2)) were randomised to an intervention (IN) or a reference (RG) group. All participants received general dietary advice, and subjects in the IN group received fruits and vegetables for free, of which >= 500 g had to be eaten daily. BW, waist circumference (WC), sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), plasma insulin, blood glucose, glycated Hb (HbA1c), serum lipids, blood pressure, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity, urinary isoprostane (iso-8-PGF 2 alpha) and serum carotenoids were measured. Diet was assessed using 3-d weighed food records. In all, thirty subjects in the IN group and thirty-two in the RG group completed the intervention. Intake of fruits and vegetables doubled in the IN group, whereas intake of fruits increased in the RG group. Serum a-and beta-carotene concentrations and intakes of folate and vitamin C increased significantly in the IN group. Energy intake, BW, WC and SAD decreased significantly in both groups. Supine systolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the IN group, with no between-group differences. No significant changes were observed for other metabolic markers. Provision of fruits and vegetables led to substantially increased intakes, with subsequent favourable changes in anthropometry and insulin levels, which tended to be more pronounced in the IN group. The observed improvements may, in combination with improved nutritional markers, have health benefits in the long term.

Keywords
Fruits, Vegetables, Body weight, Food intakes, Metabolic markers
National Category
Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-302243 (URN)10.1017/S0007114516000970 (DOI)000376675200007 ()26996228 (PubMedID)
External cooperation:
Available from: 2016-09-01 Created: 2016-08-31 Last updated: 2017-11-21Bibliographically approved
Ax, E., Garmo, H., Grundmark, B., Bill-Axelson, A., Holmberg, L., Becker, W., . . . Sjögren, P. (2014). Dietary Patterns and Prostate Cancer Risk: Report from the Population Based ULSAM Cohort Study of Swedish Men. Nutrition and Cancer, 66(1), 77-87
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dietary Patterns and Prostate Cancer Risk: Report from the Population Based ULSAM Cohort Study of Swedish Men
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2014 (English)In: Nutrition and Cancer, ISSN 0163-5581, E-ISSN 1532-7914, Vol. 66, no 1, p. 77-87Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Dietary pattern analyses have increased the possibilities to detect associations between diet and disease. However, studies on dietary pattern and prostate cancer are scarce. Food intake data in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men cohort was determined by 7-day food records. Adherence to a modified Mediterranean Diet Score (mMDS) and a low carbohydrate-high protein (LCHP) score were grouped as low, medium, or high in the whole study population (n = 1,044) and in those identified as adequate reporters of energy intake (n = 566), respectively. Prostate cancer risk was analyzed with Cox proportional hazard regression (median follow-up 13years) and competing risk of death was considered. There were no associations between dietary patterns and prostate cancer (n = 133) in the whole study population. Among adequate reporters the mMDS was not associated with prostate cancer (n = 72). The LCHP score was inversely related to prostate cancer in adequate reporters, adjusted hazard ratios; 0.55 (0.32-0.96) for medium and 0.47 (0.21-1.04) for high compared to low adherent participants (P-for-trend 0.04). Risk relations were not attributable to competing risk of death. In this study, a LCHP diet was associated with lower prostate cancer incidence. Relations emerged in adequate reporters, underscoring the importance of high-quality dietary data.

National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-217622 (URN)10.1080/01635581.2014.851712 (DOI)000329141100009 ()
Available from: 2014-02-06 Created: 2014-02-04 Last updated: 2018-02-22Bibliographically approved
Ax, E. H., Cederholm, T., Grundmark, B., Bill-Axelson, A., Becker, W., Holmberg, L., . . . Sjögren, P. (2013). Dietary Patterns and prostate cancer risk: a population based cohort study in elderly Swedish men. Paper presented at Joint Annual Meeting of the ASPET/BPS at Experimental Biology (EB), APR 20-24, 2013, Boston, MA. The FASEB Journal, 27(S1), 847.8
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dietary Patterns and prostate cancer risk: a population based cohort study in elderly Swedish men
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2013 (English)In: The FASEB Journal, ISSN 0892-6638, E-ISSN 1530-6860, Vol. 27, no S1, p. 847.8-Article in journal, Meeting abstract (Other academic) Published
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-203721 (URN)000319883506040 ()
Conference
Joint Annual Meeting of the ASPET/BPS at Experimental Biology (EB), APR 20-24, 2013, Boston, MA
Available from: 2013-07-19 Created: 2013-07-18 Last updated: 2018-02-22Bibliographically approved
Sand, S. & Becker, W. (2012). Assessment of dietary cadmium exposure in Sweden and population health concern including scenario analysis. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(3-4), 536-544
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Assessment of dietary cadmium exposure in Sweden and population health concern including scenario analysis
2012 (English)In: Food and Chemical Toxicology, ISSN 0278-6915, E-ISSN 1873-6351, Vol. 50, no 3-4, p. 536-544Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The median dietary cadmium exposure for adults in Sweden is around 1 mu g/kg/week and the upper 95th and 99th percentiles are 1.6-1.8 and 1.9-2.2 mu g/kg/week, respectively. Potatoes and wheat flour were the most important food categories, contributing with 40-50% to the exposure. Differences in dietary patterns between high and low exposed individuals were observed; for high exposed individuals, seafood and spinach contributed with an exposure similar to that low exposed individuals received from potatoes and wheat flour. Consequences of differences in methodology used for exposure assessment are discussed. The median exposure is a factor 2 lower compared to that estimated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). It is also a factor 1.4 lower compared to that of the assessment used for development of the EFSA tolerable weekly intake (TWI). The potential importance of this latter fact was addressed by adjusting the present assessment to that used for TWI derivation. While the percentage of the population exceeding the TWI was <1% for the present data, it was around 3% for adjusted data, which is more in line with observations at the level of urinary cadmium. Scenario analysis was also performed to addresses the consequence of increasing/decreasing cadmium occurrence levels.

Keywords
Cadmium, Dietary exposure, Health risk assessment, Uncertainty analysis, Scenario analysis, Tolerable intake
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-174973 (URN)10.1016/j.fct.2011.12.034 (DOI)000303284600014 ()
Available from: 2012-05-31 Created: 2012-05-30 Last updated: 2017-12-07Bibliographically approved
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ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-5709-2397

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