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Publications (10 of 12) Show all publications
Haffenden, C. & Sikora, J. (2024). AI, Data Curation and the Data Readiness of Heritage Collections: Exploring the Swedish Newspaper Archive at KBLab. In: Elena Volodina, Gerlof Bouma, Markus Forsberg, Dimitrios Kokkinakis, David Alfter, Mats Fridlund, Christian Horn, Lars Ahrenberg, Anna Blåder (Ed.), Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024): . Paper presented at HiC 2024, Huminfra Conference, 10-11 January 2024, Gothenburg, Sweden (pp. 60-66).
Open this publication in new window or tab >>AI, Data Curation and the Data Readiness of Heritage Collections: Exploring the Swedish Newspaper Archive at KBLab
2024 (English)In: Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024) / [ed] Elena Volodina, Gerlof Bouma, Markus Forsberg, Dimitrios Kokkinakis, David Alfter, Mats Fridlund, Christian Horn, Lars Ahrenberg, Anna Blåder, 2024, p. 60-66Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The increasing availability of digital material and tools for large-scale computational analysis has produced a growing interest in big data approaches in the humanities and social sciences. However, the vital role of data curation as a precondition for such projects remains underappreciated. This paper details the work of KBLab at the National Library of Sweden in testing AI tools to help curate the digitized newspaper archive and make it more amenable to quantitative, machine learning-based research. It provides a description of the library’s newspaper data to offer orientation to researchers interested in the material, before turning to recount the results of our exploration with automated data curation. It concludes by sketching possible next steps for these exploratory efforts, as well as situating this project within a broader recent turn to conceptualize and prioritize the notion of data readiness. Its principal argument is in drawing attention to data curation as an essential part of any digital research project, not something prior to or external from the research process.

Series
Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings 205, ISSN 1650-3686, E-ISSN 1650-3740
Keywords
Data curation, data readiness, digitized newspaper archives, document AI, digital research infrastructure
National Category
Humanities and the Arts
Research subject
Library and Information Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-519546 (URN)10.3384/ecp205009 (DOI)978-91-8075-512-2 (ISBN)
Conference
HiC 2024, Huminfra Conference, 10-11 January 2024, Gothenburg, Sweden
Available from: 2024-01-08 Created: 2024-01-08 Last updated: 2024-01-17Bibliographically approved
Haffenden, C. (2023). Kirsti Niskanen & Michael J. Barany (ed.), Gender, Embodiment, and the History of the Scholarly Persona: Incarnations and Contestations (Cham: Palgrave Macmillan 2021). 358 pp. [Review]. Historisk Tidskrift, 143(4), 675-677
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Kirsti Niskanen & Michael J. Barany (ed.), Gender, Embodiment, and the History of the Scholarly Persona: Incarnations and Contestations (Cham: Palgrave Macmillan 2021). 358 pp.
2023 (English)In: Historisk Tidskrift, ISSN 0345-469X, E-ISSN 2002-4827, Vol. 143, no 4, p. 675-677Article, book review (Other academic) Published
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Svenska Historiska Föreningen, 2023
National Category
History
Research subject
History
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-514521 (URN)001147902100017 ()
Available from: 2023-10-18 Created: 2023-10-18 Last updated: 2024-02-27Bibliographically approved
Haffenden, C., Fano, E., Malmsten, M. & Börjeson, L. (2023). Making and Using AI in the Library: Creating a BERT Model at the National Library of Sweden. College & Research Libraries, 84(1)
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Making and Using AI in the Library: Creating a BERT Model at the National Library of Sweden
2023 (English)In: College & Research Libraries, ISSN 0010-0870, E-ISSN 2150-6701, Vol. 84, no 1Article in journal (Other academic) Published
Abstract [en]

How can novel AI techniques be made and put to use in the library? Combining methods from data and library science, this article focuses on Natural Language Processing technologies in especially national libraries. It explains how the National Library of Sweden’s collections enabled the development of a new BERT language model for Swedish. It also outlines specific use cases for the model in the context of academic libraries, detailing strategies for how such a model could make digital collections available for new forms of research: from automated classification to enhanced searchability and improved OCR cohesion. Highlighting the potential for cross-fertilizing AI with libraries, the conclusion suggests that while AI may transform the workings of the library, libraries can also have a key role to play in the future development of AI. 

Keywords
AI implementation, NLP, language model, Swedish BERT, national libraries, lesser-resourced languages.
National Category
Information Studies Computer Sciences
Research subject
Computing Science; Library and Information Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-464069 (URN)10.5860/crl.84.1.30 (DOI)
Available from: 2022-01-12 Created: 2022-01-12 Last updated: 2023-02-21Bibliographically approved
Fredrikzon, J. & Haffenden, C. (2023). Towards erasure studies: Excavating the material conditions of memory and forgetting. Memory, Mind & Media, 2, Article ID E2.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Towards erasure studies: Excavating the material conditions of memory and forgetting
2023 (English)In: Memory, Mind & Media, E-ISSN 2635-0238, Vol. 2, article id E2Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

While the history and practices of collecting have received considerable attention over the past few decades, the notion of erasure – of the deleting, removal or destruction of material, whether deliberate or otherwise – has remained largely in the shadows. We challenge this neglect by placing erasure centre stage and treating it as a productive phenomenon in its own right. Indeed, we suggest that it forms a significant precondition for the very possibility of memory and collections. This article draws upon a recent turn to consider questions of forgetting, ignorance and ending to lay out the grounds for analysing the various roles played by erasure in making and unmaking our world. Inspired by Paul Connerton's discussion of different types of forgetting, we present five distinct forms of erasure that we regard as principally important: (i) repressive erasure, (ii) protective erasure, (iii) operative erasure, (iv) amending erasure and (v) calamitous and neglectful erasure. In each case, we discuss the characteristic logic of the erasure at hand and provide examples of the historical and media-specific forms in which it has been enacted. Our aim in doing so is to provide future researchers with some of the analytical tools and perspectives necessary to engage in further erasure studies. For if we are interested in making sense of the shifting and complex world we inhabit, then the interdisciplinary study of the compelling yet elusive phenomenon of erasure is an excellent place to start.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Cambridge University Press, 2023
Keywords
Erasure, Deletion, Censorship, Forgetting, Decay, History, Material Culture, Archival Science
National Category
Other Humanities not elsewhere specified History of Ideas
Research subject
History of Science and Ideas; Library and Information Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-502319 (URN)10.1017/mem.2023.2 (DOI)
Funder
Riksbankens Jubileumsfond, P20-0423
Available from: 2023-05-24 Created: 2023-05-24 Last updated: 2023-05-24Bibliographically approved
Malmsten, M., Haffenden, C. & Börjeson, L. (2022). Hearing voices at the National Library: a speech corpus and acoustic model for the Swedish language. In: Proceeding of Fontetik 2022: Speech, Music and Hearing Quarterly Progress and Status Report, TMH-QPSR. Paper presented at Fonetik 2022 - the XXXIIIrd Swedish Phonetics Conference, 13-15 June 2022, Stockholm. Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 3
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Hearing voices at the National Library: a speech corpus and acoustic model for the Swedish language
2022 (English)In: Proceeding of Fontetik 2022: Speech, Music and Hearing Quarterly Progress and Status Report, TMH-QPSR, Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 2022, Vol. 3Conference paper, Published paper (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This paper explains our work in developing new acoustic models for automated speech recognition (ASR) at KBLab, the infrastructure for data-driven research at the National Library of Sweden (KB). We evaluate different approaches for a viable speech-to-text pipeline for audiovisual resources in Swedish, using the wav2vec 2.0 architecture in combination with speech corpuses created from KB’s collections. These approaches include pretraining an acoustic model for Swedish from the ground up, and fine-tuning existing monolingual and multilingual models. The collections-based corpuses we use have been sampled from millions of hours of speech, with a conscious attempt to balance regional dialects to produce a more representative, and thus more democratic, model. The acoustic model this enabled, "VoxRex", outperforms existing models for Swedish ASR. We also evaluate combining this model with various pretrained language models, which further enhanced performance. We conclude by highlighting the potential of such technology for cultural heritage institutions with vast collections of previously unlabelled audiovisual data. Our models are released for further exploration and research here: https://huggingface.co/KBLab.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2022
Keywords
Computer Science - Computation and Language
National Category
Computer Sciences Language Technology (Computational Linguistics)
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-474257 (URN)
Conference
Fonetik 2022 - the XXXIIIrd Swedish Phonetics Conference, 13-15 June 2022, Stockholm
Note

arXiv: 2205.03026

Available from: 2022-05-11 Created: 2022-05-11 Last updated: 2023-02-21Bibliographically approved
Haffenden, C. (2021). 'Immortality in this World': Reconfiguring Celebrity and Monument in the Romantic Period. In: Anaïs Pédron, Clare Siviter (Ed.), Celebrity Across the Channel, 1750-1850: (pp. 21-43). Newark: University of Delaware Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>'Immortality in this World': Reconfiguring Celebrity and Monument in the Romantic Period
2021 (English)In: Celebrity Across the Channel, 1750-1850 / [ed] Anaïs Pédron, Clare Siviter, Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2021, p. 21-43Chapter in book (Refereed)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2021
Keywords
Fame, history, celebrity, William Hazlitt, Jeremy Bentham, Pierre-Jean David d’Angers
National Category
History
Research subject
History
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-437356 (URN)9781644532140 (ISBN)9781644532126 (ISBN)9781644532133 (ISBN)
Available from: 2021-03-09 Created: 2021-03-09 Last updated: 2022-10-06Bibliographically approved
Haffenden, C. (2018). Every Man His Own Monument: Self-Monumentalizing in Romantic Britain. (Doctoral dissertation). Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Every Man His Own Monument: Self-Monumentalizing in Romantic Britain
2018 (English)Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

From framing private homes as museums, to sitting for life masks and appointing biographers, new forms of self-monumentalizing emerged in the early nineteenth century. In this study I investigate the emergence and configuration of such practices in Romantic Britain. Positioning these practices at the intersection of emergent national pantheons, a modern conception of history, and a newly-formed celebrity culture, I argue that this period witnessed the birth of distinctively modern ways for the individual to make immortality. Faced with a visceral fear of being forgotten, public figures began borrowing from celebrity culture to make their own monuments.

Concentrated upon early nineteenth-century London, I characterize these practices as attempts at self-made immortality.  I do so by analyzing the legacy projects of three well-known but seldom connected individuals: the Auto-Icon by the philosopher Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832), the Soane Museum by the architect Sir John Soane (1753–1837), and the life-writing efforts of the painter Benjamin Robert Haydon (1786–1846). Employing both sociological and materialist frameworks to analyze the making of immortality, I contend that these projects were characteristic of a novel regime for the production of lasting renown. Whereas earlier scholarship on Romantic recognition has tended to focus either on mass-media celebrity or the longer history of canon-formation, I highlight the interactions of celebrity and monument embodied in entrepreneurial efforts to secure future recognition.

In Every Man His Own Monument, I demonstrate how a constellation of media forms and recording practices we now take for granted—the statuary figure, the house museum, and the published Life—assumed a central place within a new memorial regime. Bringing the historical roots of self-monumentalizing individuals to light, this study contributes to discussions both within the History of Celebrity and Cultural Memory Studies, and to broader debates regarding our Instagram-saturated present.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2018. p. 263
Series
Uppsala Studies in History of Ideas, ISSN 1653-5197 ; 50
Keywords
Self-monumentalizing, self-made immortality, history of celebrity, cultural memory, historical consciousness, Jeremy Bentham, Auto-Icon, John Soane, Soane Museum, Benjamin Robert Haydon, autobiography
National Category
History
Research subject
History of Sciences and Ideas
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-361353 (URN)978-91-513-0451-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2018-11-09, Auditorium minus, Gustavianum, Uppsala universitetsmuseum, Akademigatan 3, Uppsala, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2018-10-19 Created: 2018-09-23 Last updated: 2023-03-13
Macleod, C., Yalen, C., Butcher, R., Mudaliar, U., Natutusau, K., Rainima-Qaniuci, M., . . . Solomon, A. W. (2017). Eyelash Epilation in the Absence of Trichiasis: Results of a Population-Based Prevalence Survey in the Western Division of Fiji. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 11(1), Article ID e0005277.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Eyelash Epilation in the Absence of Trichiasis: Results of a Population-Based Prevalence Survey in the Western Division of Fiji
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2017 (English)In: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, ISSN 1935-2727, E-ISSN 1935-2735, Vol. 11, no 1, article id e0005277Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background The WHO definition of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is "at least one eyelash touching the globe, or evidence of recent epilation of in-turned eyelashes ", reflecting the fact that epilation is used as a self-management tool for TT. In Fiji's Western Division, a high TT prevalence (8.7% in those aged >= 15 years) was reported in a 2012 survey, yet a 2013 survey found no TT and Fijian ophthalmologists rarely see TT cases. Local anecdote suggests that eyelash epilation is a common behaviour, even in the absence of trichiasis. Epilators may have been identified as TT cases in previous surveys. Methods We used a preliminary focus group to design an interview questionnaire, and subsequently conducted a population-based prevalence survey to estimate the prevalence of epilation in the absence of trichiasis, and factors associated with this behaviour, in the Western Division of Fiji. Results We sampled 695 individuals aged >= 15 years from a total of 457 households in 23 villages. 125 participants (18%) reported epilating their eyelashes at least once within the past year. Photographs were obtained of the eyes of 121/125 (97%) individuals who epilated, and subsequent analysis by an experienced trachoma grader found no cases of trachomatous conjunctival scarring or trichiasis. The age-and sex-adjusted prevalence of epilation in those aged >= 15 years was 8.6% ( 95% Cl 5.7-11.3%). iTaukei ethnicity, female gender, and a higher frequency of drinking kava root were independently associated with epilation. Conclusion Epilation occurs in this population in the absence of trichiasis, with sufficient frequency to have markedly inflated previous estimates of local TT prevalence. Individuals with epilated eyelashes should be confirmed as having epilated in-turned eyelashes in an eye with scarring of the conjunctiva before being counted as cases of TT.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2017
National Category
Infectious Medicine
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-319337 (URN)10.1371/journal.pntd.0005277 (DOI)000394152000049 ()28114364 (PubMedID)
Available from: 2017-04-03 Created: 2017-04-03 Last updated: 2017-11-29Bibliographically approved
Haffenden, C. (2014). Recension av Anders Burman & Inga Sanner (red.), Upplysningskritik: Till Bosse Holmqvist, Brutus Östlings Bokförlag Symposium, 2014. [Review]. Lychnos
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Recension av Anders Burman & Inga Sanner (red.), Upplysningskritik: Till Bosse Holmqvist, Brutus Östlings Bokförlag Symposium, 2014.
2014 (Swedish)In: Lychnos, ISSN 0076-1648Article, book review (Other academic) Published
National Category
History
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-293466 (URN)
Available from: 2016-05-13 Created: 2016-05-13 Last updated: 2017-11-30
Drakman, A., Haffenden, C., Hellström, P., Levin, P. & Pettersson, I. (2012). Humaniora har mer än en roll att spela [Letter to the editor]. Respons (6), 14-15
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Humaniora har mer än en roll att spela
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2012 (Swedish)In: Respons, ISSN 1102-1721, no 6, p. 14-15Article in journal, Letter (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.)) Published
Abstract [sv]

Är humaniora lönsamt? Ska det vara lönsamt? Fem doktorander funderar över sin och samhällets framtid.

Keywords
Humaniora, samhälle, utbildning
National Category
Humanities
Research subject
History
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-208255 (URN)
Available from: 2013-09-26 Created: 2013-09-26 Last updated: 2022-12-22Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-5561-5163

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