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Lundberg, Stina
Publications (10 of 11) Show all publications
Hilscher, M. M., Mikulovic, S., Perry, S., Lundberg, S. & Kullander, K. (2023). The alpha2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, a subunit with unique and selective expression in inhibitory interneurons associated with principal cells. Pharmacological Research, 196, Article ID 106895.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The alpha2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, a subunit with unique and selective expression in inhibitory interneurons associated with principal cells
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2023 (English)In: Pharmacological Research, ISSN 1043-6618, E-ISSN 1096-1186, Vol. 196, article id 106895Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play crucial roles in various human disorders, with the alpha 7, alpha 4, alpha 6, and alpha 3-containing nAChR subtypes extensively studied in relation to conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, nicotine dependence, mood disorders, and stress disorders. In contrast, the alpha 2-nAChR subunit has received less attention due to its more restricted expression and the scarcity of specific agonists and antagonists for studying its function. Nevertheless, recent research has shed light on the unique expression pattern of the Chrna2 gene, which encodes the alpha 2-nAChR subunit, and its involvement in distinct populations of inhibitory interneurons. This review highlights the structure, pharmacology, localization, function, and disease associations of alpha 2-containing nAChRs and points to the unique expression pattern of the Chrna2 gene and its role in different inhibitory interneuron populations. These populations, including the oriens lacunosum moleculare (OLM) cells in the hippocampus, Martinotti cells in the neocortex, and Renshaw cells in the spinal cord, share common features and contribute to recurrent inhibitory microcircuits. Thus, the alpha 2-nAChR subunit's unique expression pattern in specific interneuron populations and its role in recurrent inhibitory microcircuits highlight its importance in various physiological processes. Further research is necessary to uncover the comprehensive functionality of alpha 2-containing nAChRs, delineate their specific contributions to neuronal circuits, and investigate their potential as therapeutic targets for related disorders.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023
Keywords
alpha 2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, Inhibitory interneuron, Martinotti cells, OLM cells, Renshaw cells
National Category
Neurosciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-515479 (URN)10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106895 (DOI)001079120600001 ()37652281 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2018-02750Swedish Research Council, 2022-01245Swedish Research Council, 2017-06254
Available from: 2023-11-07 Created: 2023-11-07 Last updated: 2023-11-07Bibliographically approved
Lundberg, S., Roman, E. & Bell, R. L. (2022). Behavioral Profiles of Adolescent Alcohol-Preferring/Non-preferring (P/NP) and High/Low Alcohol-Drinking (HAD/LAD) Rats Are Dependent on Line but Not Sex. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 15, Article ID 811401.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Behavioral Profiles of Adolescent Alcohol-Preferring/Non-preferring (P/NP) and High/Low Alcohol-Drinking (HAD/LAD) Rats Are Dependent on Line but Not Sex
2022 (English)In: Frontiers in Neuroscience, ISSN 1662-4548, E-ISSN 1662-453X, Vol. 15, article id 811401Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Initial contact with alcohol generally occurs during adolescence, and high consumption during this period is associated with increased risk for later alcohol (AUDs) and/or substance use disorders (SUDs). Rodents selectively bred for high or low alcohol consumption are used to identify behavioral characteristics associated with a propensity for high or low voluntary alcohol intake. The multivariate concentric square field (TM) (MCSF) is a behavioral test developed to study rodents in a semi-naturalistic setting. Testing in the MCSF creates a comprehensive behavioral profile in a single trial. The current aim was to examine the behavioral profiles of adolescent, bidirectionally selectively bred male and female high alcohol-consuming (P and HAD1/2) and low alcohol-consuming (NP and LAD1/2) rat lines, and outbred Wistar rats. Alcohol-naive rats were tested once in the MCSF at an age between postnatal days 30 and 35. No common behavioral profile was found for either high or low alcohol-consuming rat lines, and the effect of sex was small. The P/NP and HAD2/LAD2 lines showed within pair-dependent differences, while the HAD1/LAD1 lines were highly similar. The P rats displayed high activity and risk-associated behaviors, whereas HAD2 rats displayed low activity, high shelter-seeking behavior, and open area avoidance. The results from P rats parallel clinical findings that denser family history and risk-taking behavior are strong predictors of future AUDs, often with early onset. Contrarily, the HAD2 behavioral profile was similar to individuals experiencing negative emotionality, which also is associated with a vulnerability to develop, often with a later onset, AUDs and/or SUDs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Frontiers Media S.A.Frontiers Media SA, 2022
Keywords
adolescence, alcohol non-preferring rats, alcohol-preferring rats, high alcohol-drinking rats, low alcohol-drinking rats, multivariate concentric square field (MCSF)
National Category
Neurosciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-467389 (URN)10.3389/fnins.2021.811401 (DOI)000749880700001 ()35095406 (PubMedID)
Available from: 2022-02-14 Created: 2022-02-14 Last updated: 2024-01-15Bibliographically approved
Lundberg, S. (2020). Adolescent behavior: Links to early-life stress and alcohol in male and female rats. (Doctoral dissertation). Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Adolescent behavior: Links to early-life stress and alcohol in male and female rats
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Adolescence is an important developmental phase with large changes in behavior, physiology and neurobiology, which transform an individual from immature child to independent adult. Due to these changes, adolescence is a sensitive period for exposure to environmental factors such as stress and drug exposure; it is also a common age of onset for alcohol consumption as well as several psychiatric disorders. Despite these factors, less is known about this developmental period than regarding adult individuals. Behavior is regulated by the central nervous system and can be used as a lens to study these processes as well as for examination of associations between individual differences, early-life stress and alcohol. The aim of this thesis was to experimentally examine adolescent behavior and its links to early-life stress and alcohol in adolescent male and female rats. Different behavioral tests were used to profile adolescent animals together with animal models of early-life stress, voluntary alcohol consumption and alcohol exposure. In addition, stress responsiveness after early-life stress and the impact of alcohol exposure on endogenous opioid peptide levels as well as blood alcohol concentrations were examined. The adolescent behavioral profile in the multivariate concentric square field™ (MCSF) was characterized and validated against the elevated plus maze and open field tests. The main finding was subgroups based on individual variation that revealed three distinct behavioral types: Explorers, Shelter seekers and Main type animals. This pattern was replicated in an additional, independent cohort. Early-life stress, modelled by prolonged maternal separation, showed small effects on behavior in the MCSF and on social play behavior. However, an effect on stress responsiveness in males but not females subjected to prolonged maternal separation was discovered. Predisposition for high alcohol consumption did not have a shared behavioral profile among selectively bred rat lines. However, a subgroup of high drinking individuals in an outbred cohort showed behavioral similarities to one of the selectively bred lines. Alcohol exposure showed small, but sex-dependent, effects on behavior and endogenous opioid peptide levels. Together, these studies provide new information about adolescent behavior and associations to early-life stress and alcohol in males and females, relationships not extensively studied in adolescence.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2020. p. 97
Series
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Pharmacy, ISSN 1651-6192 ; 284
Keywords
Adolescence, alcohol exposure, behavior, corticosterone, dynorphin, early life, endogenous opioid peptides, Met-enkephalin-Arg6Phe7 (MEAP), individual differences, multivariate concentric square field (MCSF), phenotyping, radioimmunoassay, selective breeding for alcohol consumption, voluntary alcohol intake
National Category
Neurosciences Pharmaceutical Sciences
Research subject
Pharmaceutical Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-405313 (URN)978-91-513-0893-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-04-24, A1:107a, Biomedicinskt centrum (BMC), Husargatan 3, Uppsala, 09:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-04-01 Created: 2020-03-06 Last updated: 2020-05-19
Lundberg, S., Nylander, I. & Roman, E. (2020). Behavioral profiling in early adolescence and early adulthood of male Wistar rats after short and prolonged maternal separation. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14, Article ID 37.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Behavioral profiling in early adolescence and early adulthood of male Wistar rats after short and prolonged maternal separation
2020 (English)In: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, ISSN 1662-5153, E-ISSN 1662-5153, Vol. 14, article id 37Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Early-life stress and its possible correlations to genes, environment, and later health outcomes can only be studied retrospectively in humans. Animal models enable the exploration of such connections with prospective, well-controlled study designs. However, with the recent awareness of replicability issues in preclinical research, the reproducibility of results from animal models has been highlighted. The present study aims to reproduce the behavioral effects of maternal separation (MS) previously observed in the multivariate concentric square fieldTM (MCSF) test. A second objective was to replicate the adolescent behavioral profiles previously described in the MCSF test. Male rats, subjected to short or prolonged MS or standard rearing, were subjected to behavioral testing in early adolescence and early adulthood. As seen in previous studies, the behavioral effects of MS in the MCSF were small at both tested time points. When tested in early adolescence, the animals exhibited a similar behavioral profile as previously seen, and the finding of adolescent behavioral types was also reproduced. The distribution of animals into the behavioral types was different than in the initial study, but in a manner consistent with developmental theories, as the current cohort was younger than the previous. Notably, the Shelter seeker behavioral type persisted through development, while the Explorer type did not. The lack of basal behavioral effect after MS is in line with the literature on this MS paradigm; the working hypothesis is that the prolonged MS gives rise to a phenotype predisposed to negative health outcomes but which is not apparent without additional provocation.

National Category
Neurosciences Pharmaceutical Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-405312 (URN)10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00037 (DOI)000525587300001 ()32265671 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, K2012-61X-22090-01-3
Available from: 2020-02-27 Created: 2020-02-27 Last updated: 2020-06-05Bibliographically approved
Lundberg, S., Martinsson, M., Nylander, I. & Roman, E. (2017). Altered corticosterone levels and social play behavior after prolonged maternal separation in adolescent male but not female Wistar rats. Hormones and Behavior, 87, 137-144
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Altered corticosterone levels and social play behavior after prolonged maternal separation in adolescent male but not female Wistar rats
2017 (English)In: Hormones and Behavior, ISSN 0018-506X, E-ISSN 1095-6867, Vol. 87, p. 137-144Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Early-life socio-environmental factors are crucial for normal developmental processes; adverse experiences early in life can therefore lead to detrimental effects in several physiological systems. The aim of this study was to examine short-term effects of early adverse experiences in a maternal separation (MS) rodent model. In this study two separation conditions were used: daily 15-(MS15) or 360-min (MS360) separation of the litter from the dam during postnatal day 1-21. In early adolescence, male and female offspring were subjected to a single-isolation procedure with analysis of corticosterone levels prior to and after isolation. In addition, social play behavior was assessed during mid-adolescence. There was a clear difference between male and female offspring in both tests performed. There was no difference in corticosterone levels between the female MS groups, whereas MS360 males showed higher baseline and recovery corticosterone levels than MS15 males. The amount of pinning, a specific social play behavior, was affected by rearing with MS360 males having a higher frequency than MS15 males, while there was no difference between the female MS groups. The observation that males but not females are affected by MS360 has previously been reported for adult animals, and herein we show that this difference is present already in adolescence. Changes in corticosterone levels and social behavior following early-life adversity have been associated with adult behavioral alterations, and our results confirm that these changes emerge already within adolescence.

National Category
Endocrinology and Diabetes
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-316957 (URN)10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.11.016 (DOI)000392905500016 ()27884596 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, K2012-61 x-22090-01-3
Available from: 2017-03-08 Created: 2017-03-08 Last updated: 2020-03-06Bibliographically approved
Lundberg, S. (2017). Examining Female Resilience to Early Environmental Influences: Short- and long-term consequences on behaviour, HPA axis activity and alcohol intake after prolonged maternal separation. (Licentiate dissertation). Uppsala: Uppsala University
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Examining Female Resilience to Early Environmental Influences: Short- and long-term consequences on behaviour, HPA axis activity and alcohol intake after prolonged maternal separation
2017 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Early-life experiences are an important factor influencing further development of the individual. Adverse experiences early in life, such as various kinds of abuse or neglect, are types of early-life stress that can adversely affect an individuals health, as well as contribute to the development of an array of disorders later in life. Most prominent is the increased risk for psychiatric disorders, primarily depression, anxiety-related and substance use disorders. Many of the implicated disorders also exhibit sex-dependent differences in prevalence and severity. Thus, it is important to consider sex-dependent effects when modeling early-life stress and its consequences. A common animal model for early-life stress is prolonged maternal separation (MS). MS is an umbrella term for different manipulations of the early environment of rodent pups. In this thesis, a prolonged MS condition with separation of rat litters from their dams for six hours per day during the first three weeks of life (MS360) was used. In male offspring MS360 have been associated with early-life stress and negative effects apparent during both adolescence and adulthood. The literature regarding female offspring is not as substantial as for the males, but it seems that females’ exhibit less pronounced or no effect after prolonged MS independent of separation time. In addition, the studies that have examined female offspring have done so in adulthood and thus, short-term consequences of prolonged MS possibly present during adolescence have not been investigated. The aim of this thesis is to provide a broad investigation into the consequences of prolonged MS in female offspring, in both adolescence and adulthood. As stated above, MS360 was used as the adverse rearing condition in this thesis. As control, daily short MS (15 min; MS15) was used; this ensured that all animals were handled equally, except for the length of separation. Any detected differences are thus due to the length of separation only. Three categories of assessments were used to evaluate short- and long-term consequences: 1) hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis assessments, 2) behavioral assessments and 3) assessment of voluntary alcohol consumption. HPA axis reactivity was assessed in adolescent and adult offspring by blood sampling before and after challenge. HPA activity was also evaluated after long-term alcohol consumption by measurement of the fecal corticosterone content. Behavior was assessed in adolescence by registration of social play behavior and in adulthood by generation of behavioral profiles in the multivariate concentric square fieldTM (MCSF). Alcohol consumption was evaluated using the modified intermittent alcohol access schedule with the two- (20% alcohol) and three- bottle (5% and 20% alcohol) free-choice paradigms. Female offspring did not differ depending on rearing condition in HPA reactivity in adolescence or adulthood. However, after the long-term alcohol intake, MS360 females had increased levels of corticosterone in their feces compared to MS15 females. No difference was detected in adolescent social play among female offspring and only a minor alteration was detected in the adult behavioral profile, where MS360 females had increased risk assessment compared to MS15 females. No effect of rearing condition was seen during the two-bottle choice paradigm of alcohol intake, while whole- group differences over time were discovered. Alcohol intake and preference were highest the first week of access and directly after a two-week deprivation period, apart from those time-points, intake and preference were maintained on a stable level. In the three-bottle choice, an interaction with rearing condition was revealed for the total alcohol preference, however this only translated to a minor group-dependent difference. In conclusion, females reared under a prolonged MS paradigm exhibited no or only minor basal changes in HPA axis reactivity, behavior and alcohol consumption. However, after long-term alcohol intake females subjected to prolonged MS had increased corticosterone excretion into feces. That differences only emerge after long-term perturbation can be a sign that females have higher buffering capabilities than males after early-life adversity, as modeled through prolonged MS, and thus require additional challenges before consequences become apparent. This thesis highlights the importance of considering sex when studying the impact of early-life stress, and that the choice of animal model needs to be considered carefully in relation to the research question posed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Uppsala University, 2017
Series
Licentiate theses / Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, ISSN 1400-6200 ; 49
Keywords
Adolescence, Adulthood, Corticosterone, Early-life stress, Handling, Maternal deprivation, Multivariate concentric square field, MCSF, Sex differences, Social play behavior, Stress reactivity, Supplier differences
National Category
Neurosciences Pharmaceutical Sciences
Research subject
Pharmaceutical Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-322550 (URN)
Presentation
2017-06-12, BMC, B7:113, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, 13:15 (English)
Supervisors
Available from: 2017-06-01 Created: 2017-05-24 Last updated: 2022-10-26Bibliographically approved
Lundberg, S., Abelson, K., Nylander, I. & Roman, E. (2017). Few long-term consequences after prolonged maternal separation in female Wistar rats. PLOS ONE, 12(12), Article ID e0190042.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Few long-term consequences after prolonged maternal separation in female Wistar rats
2017 (English)In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 12, no 12, article id e0190042Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Environmental factors during the early-life period are known to have long-term consequences for the adult phenotype. An intimate interplay between genes and environment shape the individual and may affect vulnerability for psychopathology in a sex-dependent manner. A rodent maternal separation model was here used to study the long-term effects of different early-life rearing conditions on adult behavior, HPA axis activity and long-term voluntary alcohol intake. Litters were subjected to 15 (MS15) or 360 min (MS360) of daily maternal separation during postnatal day 1–21. In adulthood, the behavioral profiles were investigated using the multivariate concentric square field™ (MCSF) test or examined for HPA axis reactivity by cat-odor exposure with subsequent characterization of voluntary alcohol intake and associated changes in HPA axis activity. Adult female offspring showed mostly no, or only minor, effects of MS360 on behavior, HPA axis reactivity and long-term alcohol intake. Instead, more pronounced effects were found dependent on changes in the female’s natural hormonal cycle or by the choice of animal supplier. However, changes were revealed in corticosterone load after long-term alcohol access, as females subjected to MS360 had higher concentrations of fecal corticosterone. The present findings are in line with and expand on previous studies on the long-term effects of maternal separation and the sex-dependent effects, with regard to behavior and voluntary alcohol intake. Why female rats show increased resilience compared to males using the present experimental protocol for maternal separation remains to be further investigated.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2017
Keywords
Alcohol intake, behavior, estrus cycle, gonadal hormone, handling, HPA axis reactivity, maternal deprivation, multivariate concentric square field test, MCSF, resilience, sex differences, stress reactivity, supplier differences
National Category
Neurosciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-322548 (URN)10.1371/journal.pone.0190042 (DOI)000418587400082 ()29267376 (PubMedID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, K2012-61-22090-01-3, K2005-04X-12588-08AThe Swedish Brain FoundationAFA Insurance
Available from: 2017-05-24 Created: 2017-05-24 Last updated: 2021-06-14Bibliographically approved
Magara, S., Holst, S., Lundberg, S., Roman, E. & Lindskog, M. (2015). Altered explorative strategies and reactive coping style in the FSL rat model of depression. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 9, Article ID 89.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Altered explorative strategies and reactive coping style in the FSL rat model of depression
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2015 (English)In: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, ISSN 1662-5153, E-ISSN 1662-5153, Vol. 9, article id 89Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Modeling depression in animals is based on the observation of behaviors interpreted as analogue to human symptoms. Typical tests used in experimental depression research are designed to evoke an either-or outcome. It is known that explorative and coping strategies are relevant for depression, however these aspects are generally not considered in animal behavioral testing. Here we investigate the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL), a rat model of depression, compared to the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat in three independent tests where the animals are allowed to express a more extensive behavioral repertoire. The multivariate concentric square field T (MCSF) and the novel cage tests evoke exploratory behaviors in a novel environment and the home cage change test evokes social behaviors in the re-establishment of a social hierarchy. In the MCSF test, FSL rats exhibited less exploratory drive and more risk-assessment behavior compared to SD rats. When re-exposed to the arena, FSL, but not SD rats, increased their exploratory behavior compared to the first trial and displayed risk-assessment behavior to the same extent as SD rats. Thus, the behavior of FSL rats was more similar to that of SDs when the rats were familiar with the arena. In the novel cage test FSL rats exhibited a reactive coping style, consistent with the reduced exploration observed in the MCSF. Reactive coping is associated with less aggressive behavior. Accordingly, FSL rats displayed less aggressive behavior in the home cage change test. Taken together, our data show that FSL rats express altered explorative behavior and reactive coping style. Reduced interest is a core symptom of depression, and individuals with a reactive coping style are more vulnerable to the disease. Our results support the use of FSL rats as an animal model of depression and increase our understanding of the FSL rat beyond the behavioral dimensions targeted by the traditional depression-related tests.

Keywords
multivariate concentric square field (MCSF) test, novel cage test, home cage change test, risk assessment, risk taking, social behavior, behavioral profiling, coping style
National Category
Neurosciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-252224 (URN)10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00089 (DOI)000354565600001 ()25954168 (PubMedID)
Available from: 2015-05-06 Created: 2015-05-04 Last updated: 2018-01-11Bibliographically approved
Palm, S., Momeni, S., Lundberg, S., Nylander, I. & Roman, E. (2014). Risk-assessment and risk-taking behavior predict potassium- and amphetamine-induced dopamine response in the dorsal striatum of rats. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 8, 236
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Risk-assessment and risk-taking behavior predict potassium- and amphetamine-induced dopamine response in the dorsal striatum of rats
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2014 (English)In: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, ISSN 1662-5153, E-ISSN 1662-5153, Vol. 8, p. 236-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Certain personality types and behavioral traits display high correlations to drug use and an increased level of dopamine in the reward system is a common denominator of all drugs of abuse. Dopamine response to drugs has been suggested to correlate with some of these personality types and to be a key factor influencing the predisposition to addiction. This study investigated if behavioral traits can be related to potassium- and amphetamine-induced dopamine response in the dorsal striatum, an area hypothesized to be involved in the shift from drug use to addiction. The open field and multivariate concentric square field™ tests were used to assess individual behavior in male Wistar rats. Chronoamperometric recordings were then made to study the potassium- and amphetamine-induced dopamine response in vivo. A classification based on risk-taking behavior in the open field was used for further comparisons. Risk-taking behavior was correlated between the behavioral tests and high risk takers displayed a more pronounced response to the dopamine uptake blocking effects of amphetamine. Behavioral parameters from both tests could also predict potassium- and amphetamine-induced dopamine responses showing a correlation between neurochemistry and behavior in risk-assessment and risk-taking parameters. In conclusion, the high risk-taking rats showed a more pronounced reduction of dopamine uptake in the dorsal striatum after amphetamine indicating that this area may contribute to the sensitivity of these animals to psychostimulants and proneness to addiction. Further, inherent dopamine activity was related to risk-assessment behavior, which may be of importance for decision-making and inhibitory control, key components in addiction.

National Category
Neurosciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-229989 (URN)10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00236 (DOI)000339022400001 ()25076877 (PubMedID)
Available from: 2014-08-18 Created: 2014-08-18 Last updated: 2018-01-11Bibliographically approved
Lundberg, S., Orodjlo, P., Sjöström, M. L., Nylander, I. & Roman, E.Adolescents and alcohol – voluntary consumption or passive exposure and links to behavior, endogenous opioids and blood alcohol levels in male and female rats.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Adolescents and alcohol – voluntary consumption or passive exposure and links to behavior, endogenous opioids and blood alcohol levels in male and female rats
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Neurosciences Pharmaceutical Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-405304 (URN)
Available from: 2020-02-27 Created: 2020-02-27 Last updated: 2020-03-11Bibliographically approved
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