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Li, G., Yan, Z., Song, Y., Fitzsimmons, K. E., Yi, S., Kang, S., . . . Chen, F. (2024). A comprehensive dataset of luminescence chronologies and environmental proxy indices of loess-paleosol deposits across Asia. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 7(1), Article ID 7.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A comprehensive dataset of luminescence chronologies and environmental proxy indices of loess-paleosol deposits across Asia
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2024 (English)In: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, E-ISSN 2397-3722, Vol. 7, no 1, article id 7Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Loess-paleosol sequences have been used in Asia to study climate and environmental changes during the Quaternary. The scarcity of age control datasets and proxy indices analysis data for Asian loess has limited our understanding of loess depositional processes and the reconstruction of paleoclimatic changes from loess-paleosol records. In this study, we present a dataset that includes 1785 quartz optically stimulated luminescence ages and 1038 K-feldspar post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence ages from 128 loess-paleosol sequences located in different regions of Asia. We generate 38 high-resolution age-depth models of loess records based on the provided datasets. We provide data on 12,365 grain size records, 14,964 magnetic susceptibility records, 2204 CaCO3 content records, and 3326 color reflection records. This dataset contains the most detailed and accurate chronologies and proxy index data for loess records in Asia yet published. It provides fundamental data for understanding the spatial-temporal variations in loess depositional processes and climatic changes across the continent during the mid-late Quaternary.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2024
National Category
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-519341 (URN)10.1038/s41612-023-00555-4 (DOI)001136124800002 ()
Available from: 2024-01-05 Created: 2024-01-05 Last updated: 2024-01-29Bibliographically approved
Shoaee, M. J., Breeze, P. S., Drake, N. A., Hashemi, S. M., Vahdati Nasab, H., Breitenbach, S. F. M., . . . Petraglia, M. D. (2023). Defining paleoclimatic routes and opportunities for hominin dispersals across Iran. PLOS ONE, 18(3), Article ID e0281872.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Defining paleoclimatic routes and opportunities for hominin dispersals across Iran
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2023 (English)In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 18, no 3, article id e0281872Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Fossil and archaeological evidence indicates that hominin dispersals into Southwest Asia occurred throughout the Pleistocene, including the expansion of Homo sapiens populations out of Africa. While there is evidence for hominin occupations in the Pleistocene in Iran, as evidenced by the presence of Lower to Upper Paleolithic archaeological sites, the extent to which humid periods facilitated population expansions into western Asia has remained unclear. To test the role of humid periods on hominin dispersals here we assess Paleolithic site distributions and paleoenvironmental records across Iran. We developed the first spatially comprehensive, high-resolution paleohydrological model for Iran in order to assess water availability and its influence on hominin dispersals. We highlight environmentally mediated routes which likely played a key role in Late Pleistocene hominin dispersals, including the expansion of H. sapiens and Neanderthals eastwards into Asia. Our combined analyses indicate that, during MIS 5, there were opportunities for hominins to traverse a northern route through the Alborz and Kopet Dagh Mountains and the Dasht-I Kavir desert owing to the presence of activated fresh water sources. We recognize a new southern route along the Zagros Mountains and extending eastwards towards Pakistan and Afghanistan. We find evidence for a potential northern route during MIS 3, which would have permitted hominin movements and species interactions in Southwest Asia. Between humid periods, these interconnections would have waned, isolating populations in the Zagros and Alborz Mountains, where hominins may have continued to have had access to water.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2023
National Category
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Archaeology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-497940 (URN)10.1371/journal.pone.0281872 (DOI)000942456500031 ()36857333 (PubMedID)
Funder
Max Planck Society
Available from: 2023-03-06 Created: 2023-03-06 Last updated: 2023-04-12Bibliographically approved
Stammler, M., Stevens, T. & Hölbling, D. (2023). Geographic object‐based image analysis (GEOBIA) of the distribution and characteristics of aeolian sand dunes in Arctic Sweden. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 34(1), 22-36
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Geographic object‐based image analysis (GEOBIA) of the distribution and characteristics of aeolian sand dunes in Arctic Sweden
2023 (English)In: Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, ISSN 1045-6740, E-ISSN 1099-1530, Vol. 34, no 1, p. 22-36Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Current climate change in the Arctic is unprecedented in the instrumental record, with profound consequences for the environment and landscape. In Arctic Sweden, aeolian sand dunes have been impacted by climatic changes since their initial formation after the retreat of the last glacial ice sheet. Dune type, location and orientation can therefore be used to explore past wind patterns and landscape destabilisation in this sensitive area. However, knowledge of the full spatial extent and characteristics of these dunes is limited by their inaccessibility and dense vegetation cover. Geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) permits the semi-automatic creation of reproducible parameter-based objects and can be an appropriate means to systematically and spatially map these dunes remotely. Here, a digital elevation model (DEM) and its derivatives, such as slope and curvature, were segmented in a GEOBIA context, enabling the identification and mapping of aeolian sand dunes in Arctic Sweden. Analysis of the GEOBIA-derived and expert-accepted polygons affirms the prevalence of parabolic dune type and reveals the coexistence of simple dunes with large coalesced systems. Furthermore, mapped dune orientations and relationships to other geomorphological features were used to explore past wind directions and to identify sediment sources as well as the reasons for sand availability. The results indicate that most dune systems in Arctic Sweden were initially supplied by glaciofluvial and fluvial disturbances of sandy esker systems. Topographic control of wind direction is the dominant influence on dune orientation. Further, our approach shows that analysing the GEOBIA-derived dune objects in their geomorphological context paves the way for successfully investigating aeolian sand dune location, type and orientation in Arctic Sweden, thereby facilitating the understanding of post-glacial landscape (in)stability and evolution in the area.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2023
National Category
Physical Geography
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-486535 (URN)10.1002/ppp.2169 (DOI)000865380600001 ()
Funder
Göran Gustafsson Foundation for Research in Natural Sciences and Medicine, 1929
Available from: 2022-10-11 Created: 2022-10-11 Last updated: 2023-04-04Bibliographically approved
Bohm, K., Kaakinen, A., Stevens, T., Lahaye, Y., O'Brien, H., Tang, H., . . . Lu, H. (2023). Neogene global climate change and East Asian dust sources: Combined rutile geochemistry and zircon U Pb analysis from the northern Chinese Loess Plateau. Global and Planetary Change, 221, Article ID 104049.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Neogene global climate change and East Asian dust sources: Combined rutile geochemistry and zircon U Pb analysis from the northern Chinese Loess Plateau
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2023 (English)In: Global and Planetary Change, ISSN 0921-8181, E-ISSN 1872-6364, Vol. 221, article id 104049Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

During the late Neogene, global climate underwent a long-term transition to cooler climates that culminated in the Quaternary icehouse conditions. In the East Asian terrestrial realm, atmospheric dustiness increased, and the volume of aeolian dust deposits expanded significantly. The Neogene Red Clay deposits, located on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), provide an exceptional geologic archive to investigate pre-Quaternary climates and environments. Constraining the provenance of the Red Clay is crucial for unravelling the links between late Neogene Central-East Asian climate, tectonics and desertification. However, Red Clay provenance is highly debated and data are scarce. In this study, we have used a multi-proxy approach at a high sampling resolution to study the provenance of the c. 7–2.6 Ma Baode Red Clay. Our data consist of joint detrital zircon U-Pb ages and detrital rutile trace element geochemistry of the Baode Red Clay, and of a massive rutile geochemistry dataset from 14 potential dust source areas. The data indicate that the Mio-Pliocene and Plio-Pleistocene global climate transitions were coupled with gradual dust provenance shifts. We propose these shifts indicate the intensification of East Asian winter monsoon and/or enhanced Central-East Asian drying as a response to global cooling. We also identify temporary Pliocene provenance changes that interrupt the long-term winter monsoon -controlled dust transport at c. 4 Ma and c. 3.5 Ma. Several indicators point to dust transport by the westerly jet at c. 4 Ma, possibly caused by a shift in the jet position as a response to global cooling, and/or enhanced wet deposition caused by intensified summer monsoon. Alternatively, the role of the paleo-Yellow River should be investigated further. We infer the 3.5 Ma provenance signal was caused by increased Yellow River -transported material from eroding Northeastern Tibetan Plateau and/or western CLP. Implications of our results not only shed light on the links between late Cenozoic global climate change and Central-East Asian dust cycle, but also provide detailed information to further investigate the late Neogene regional geomorphology and its effects on dust emission, transport, and deposition. Our combined rutile-zircon analysis also verifies that a multi-proxy single-grain approach that targets different types of primary source rocks is needed for reliable provenance analysis of the CLP dust.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023
National Category
Geology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-495677 (URN)10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104049 (DOI)000932496700001 ()
Available from: 2023-02-01 Created: 2023-02-01 Last updated: 2023-11-14Bibliographically approved
Kurbanov, R., Buylaert, J.-P., Stevens, T., Taratunina, N., Belyaev, V., Makeev, A., . . . Yanina, T. (2022). A detailed luminescence chronology of the Lower Volga loess-palaeosol sequence at Leninsk. Quaternary Geochronology, 73, Article ID 101376.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A detailed luminescence chronology of the Lower Volga loess-palaeosol sequence at Leninsk
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2022 (English)In: Quaternary Geochronology, ISSN 1871-1014, E-ISSN 1878-0350, Vol. 73, article id 101376Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We present a detailed luminescence chronology of the loess-palaeosol sequences in the Lower Volga region of Russia at the Leninsk site – an important palaeogeographic archive describing the climate and environmental conditions of regressive stages of the Caspian Sea. The chronology of these sediments has received very little attention compared to the under- and overlying marine deposits. The degree of bleaching was addressed by making use of the differential resetting rates of quartz and feldspar. Our results show that the quartz OSL and feldspar pIRIR50,290 signals were sufficiently bleached before deposition and uncertainties in bleaching have a negligible impact on the reliability of the luminescence ages. The combined quartz OSL and K-feldspar pIRIR50,290 chronology constrains the main stages of the Northern Caspian Lowland evolution during the Late Quaternary. During early MIS 5 (130–120 ka), the northern part of the Lower Volga was covered by a shallow brackish water estuary of the warm Late Khazarian Caspian Sea transgression. After ∼122 ka, the Volga incised the Northern Caspian Lowland surface following sea-level decrease and the start of subaerial conditions at Leninsk. Loess accumulation rate increased towards the end of MIS 5 and two palaeosols of presumably MIS 5с and MIS 5a age formed, exhibiting features evidencing a dry, cold climate, influenced by long seasonal flooding by the Volga River. Cryogenesis affecting the MIS 5a soil is a regional phenomenon and is dated to between ∼70 and 90 ka. The overlying thick Atelian loess unit formed during the cold periods of MIS 4 and MIS 3. Clear erosional features at the top of the Atelian loess are constrained by luminescence to ∼35 to ∼24 ka, allowing reconstruction of erosion of 150–200 cm of loess.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2022
National Category
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-483713 (URN)10.1016/j.quageo.2022.101376 (DOI)000858877500002 ()
Available from: 2022-09-01 Created: 2022-09-01 Last updated: 2023-09-14Bibliographically approved
Stevens, T., Sechi, D., Tziavaras, C., Schneider, R., Banak, A., Andreucci, S., . . . Pascucci, V. (2022). Age, formation and significance of loess deposits in central Sweden. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 47(14), 3276-3301
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Age, formation and significance of loess deposits in central Sweden
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2022 (English)In: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, ISSN 0197-9337, E-ISSN 1096-9837, Vol. 47, no 14, p. 3276-3301Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Loess deposits are common in the mid-latitudes and are excellent records of past climate, landscape change and dust. However, loess deposits are seldom reported from Fennoscandia. Here we investigate two former glaciofluvial areas in central Sweden, Brattforsheden and Bonäsheden, where post-glacial loess and sand dune activity have been documented previously. Based on detailed mapping, grain size, scanning electron microscopy and optically stimulated luminescence dating analyses, we confirm the presence of loess deposits at the sites and extend the known area of loess coverage. Our results suggest that loess deposits are more common than previously thought in Sweden. The results also demonstrate that basal parts of the loess are often mixed with underlying sediment, which may be a common feature of thin loess deposits close to former ice margins. Quartz luminescence is well suited for dating these deposits, but ages from the mixed basal loess layers are older than expected, while ages from undisturbed loess extend to c. 5 ka. The loess ages contrast with the timing of main dune activity in these areas, which is dominantly in the 1–3 kyr post-deglaciation (c. 10.9–10.5 cal kyr BP). We suggest that either sediment mixing during soil formation is responsible for the mid-Holocene loess ages, or that the loess deposits record periodic landscape destabilization into the mid-Holocene. Furthermore, there is a clear topographic control on aeolian sedimentary facies, with loess mantling high ground and dunes restricted to valleys. Loess deposits are also primarily found to the south and southwest of source areas, implying transport from the north and east. This pattern contrasts with evidence for NW winds inferred from associated sand dunes. At present, the reasons for this mismatch are unclear, although one possible explanation is that silts deposited at higher elevations were affected by Ekman flow deflection of NW surface winds.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2022
National Category
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-480967 (URN)10.1002/esp.5456 (DOI)000842829200001 ()
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2017-03888The Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU), 6-1857/2020
Available from: 2022-07-27 Created: 2022-07-27 Last updated: 2023-10-31Bibliographically approved
Perić, Z. M., Stevens, T., Obreht, I. & Marković, S. B. (2022). Dataset of dust mass accumulation rates for the loess-palaeosol sequences from the Carpathian Basin. Data in Brief, 44, Article ID 108555.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dataset of dust mass accumulation rates for the loess-palaeosol sequences from the Carpathian Basin
2022 (English)In: Data in Brief, E-ISSN 2352-3409, Vol. 44, article id 108555Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In this article, a dataset of age-depth modelling data, sedimentation rates and dust mass accumulation rates (MAR) from four loess-palaeosol sequences from the Carpathian Basin is presented. The dataset is related to the article “Detailed luminescence dating of dust mass accumulation rates over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles from the Irig loess-palaeosol sequence, Carpathian Basin”, published in the journal Global and Planetary Change by Perić et al. [1].

In the dataset, luminescence ages from the loess sites Irig, Nosak, Stari Slankamen and Crvenka were modeled using the r.bacon software after which the dust mass accumulation rates were calculated. For a more realistic representation the MARs were subsequently smoothed using the SigmaPlot software. For all sites, minimum, maximum, median and mean values for the modelled ages and accumulation rates are calculated and presented.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2022
National Category
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-483714 (URN)10.1016/j.dib.2022.108555 (DOI)000859960800015 ()36111285 (PubMedID)
Available from: 2022-09-01 Created: 2022-09-01 Last updated: 2023-09-14Bibliographically approved
Peng, F., Nie, J., Stevens, T. & Pan, B. (2022). Decoupled Chinese Loess Plateau dust deposition and Asian aridification at millennial and tens of millennial timescales. Geophysical Research Letters, 49(20), Article ID e2022GL099338.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Decoupled Chinese Loess Plateau dust deposition and Asian aridification at millennial and tens of millennial timescales
2022 (English)In: Geophysical Research Letters, ISSN 0094-8276, E-ISSN 1944-8007, Vol. 49, no 20, article id e2022GL099338Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

It is generally assumed that increased dust accumulation rate (DAR) on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) is associated with intensified inland Asian aridification. However, the timescales and area that any such association operates over is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate a lack of correlation between the southern CLP loess DAR variations and aridification over the past 130 ka, which does not support a direct link between high DAR and intensified inland Asian aridification over millennial to tens of millennial timescales. Instead, we propose that loess DAR variation is more likely determined by wet-dry cycles and associated loose sediment production and availability via fluvial and glacial processes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Geophysical Union (AGU)American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2022
National Category
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-486775 (URN)10.1029/2022gl099338 (DOI)000870505400001 ()
Available from: 2022-10-17 Created: 2022-10-17 Last updated: 2024-01-15Bibliographically approved
Peric, Z. M., Stevens, T., Obreht, I., Hambach, U., Lehmkuhl, F. & Markovic, S. B. (2022). Detailed luminescence dating of dust mass accumulation rates over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles from the Irig loess-palaeosol sequence, Carpathian Basin. Global and Planetary Change, 215, Article ID 103895.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Detailed luminescence dating of dust mass accumulation rates over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles from the Irig loess-palaeosol sequence, Carpathian Basin
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2022 (English)In: Global and Planetary Change, ISSN 0921-8181, E-ISSN 1872-6364, Vol. 215, article id 103895Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Mineral dust records distant from dust sources are crucial in establishing wider atmospheric dust loads in the past. However, detailed, independent chronologies for loess-palaeosol sequences distant from local dust sources are still rare in Europe. In this study we present a high-resolution OSL and pIRIR(290) chronology and multi-proxy investigation of the Irig loess-palaeosol sequence (LPS), Vojvodina, Serbia. Our results show that 4-11 mu m quartz is a reliable dosimeter only up to similar to 59 ka (179 Gy), after which the OSL ages underestimate the expected ages based on stratigraphy. The pIRIR 290 signal displays generally good luminescence behaviour and resultant ages show good agreement with the expected stratigraphic ages, although with apparent 15 kyr and 35 kyr age underestimations at the L2-52 and 52-L3 boundaries, respectively. The calculated dust mass accumulation rates (MAR) reveal large fluctuations during the last two glacial-interglacial cycles. During the penultimate glacial, the highest MARs were observed between 171 and 181 ka, subsequently decreasing rapidly during MIS 5. During the last glacial period, dust MARs display maximum values during MIS 2 and MIS 4, while the lowest dust input was observed during the Holocene, followed by MIS 3. Dust MAR and grain-size shifts appear to lead changes in magnetic susceptibility by several kyr. Our results imply that changes in dust availability and wind dynamics occurred prior to changes in climate-controlled soil moisture conditions at the Irig LPS. Moreover, our results reveal a close coupling of the dust MAR and grain-size variations during the Mid-Late Pleistocene. These patterns suggest that the Irig site is likely representative of regional dust dynamics, which separates it from more source proximal loess sites, such as those close to major rivers, which are likely more affected by local dust availability and river discharge.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2022
Keywords
OSL, pIRIR290, Mineral dust, Loess, Quaternary, Serbia
National Category
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-486040 (URN)10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103895 (DOI)000853336000010 ()
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2017-03888
Available from: 2022-10-26 Created: 2022-10-26 Last updated: 2022-10-26Bibliographically approved
Guo, B., Nie, J., Stevens, T., Buylaert, J.-P., Peng, T., Xiao, W., . . . Fang, X. (2022). Dominant precessional forcing of the East Asian summer monsoon since 260 ka. Geology, 50(12), 1372-1376
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dominant precessional forcing of the East Asian summer monsoon since 260 ka
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2022 (English)In: Geology, ISSN 0091-7613, E-ISSN 1943-2682, Vol. 50, no 12, p. 1372-1376Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

One of the most perplexing problems in paleoclimate research is how orbital cyclicities force East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) precipitation variation over the middle to late Quaternary. Chinese loess records suggest that EASM precipitation was dominated by 100 k.y. cycles controlled by Northern Hemisphere ice sheet forcing. In contrast, speleothem records suggest that EASM precipitation was dominated by 23 k.y. cycles caused by Northern Hemisphere summer insolation forcing. In order to resolve this inconsistency, we present high-resolution paleoclimate records from Xijin drill cores on the western Chinese Loess Plateau for the past 260 k.y., the rough upper limit of luminescence dating. Magnetic susceptibility (χ) shows clear 23 k.y. precessional cycles over interglacials but has constant low values over glacials. This is interpreted as indicating a lack of pedogenesis, such that χ cannot record EASM precipitation variations, rather than an absence of EASM variation itself. To circumvent this issue, we use inversed sand content as an alternative proxy for EASM precipitation over glacials and splice this with the interglacial logarithmic χ from Xijin drill cores. This new record reveals dominant 23 k.y. cycles over both interglacials and glacials, consistent with speleothem δ18O data and dominant insolation forcing. These findings allow a consistent understanding of EASM variability and forcing mechanisms from both loess and speleothem archives, resolving one of the largest debates in past monsoon research. These results challenge suggestions of high-latitude ice sheet forcing of the EASM based on slowly accumulated loess records from the central Loess Plateau.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Geological Society of America, 2022
National Category
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-489128 (URN)10.1130/g50206.1 (DOI)000911443000009 ()
Available from: 2022-11-28 Created: 2022-11-28 Last updated: 2023-04-05Bibliographically approved
Projects
LAST GLACIAL ATMOSPHERIC DUST AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN EUROPE [2017-03888_VR]; Uppsala University; Publications
Bohm, K., Wasiljeff, J., Stevens, T., Salminen, J., Tang, H., Lahaye, Y., . . . Kaakinen, A. (2024). Modern-type Paleogene Eolian Regime and Global Cooling-Modulated Dust Provenance in Late Paleogene of Central-East Asia. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 25(2), Article ID e2023GC011167.
Permo-Triassic hothouse climate variability: the record from mudstone of southern Britain [2023-06445_VR]; Uppsala University
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-6662-6650

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