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Publications (10 of 14) Show all publications
Paranaiba, J. R., Aben, R., Barros, N., Quadra, G., Linkhorst, A., Amado, A. M., . . . Kosten, S. (2022). Cross-continental importance of CH4 emissions from dry inland-waters. Science of the Total Environment, 814, Article ID 151925.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Cross-continental importance of CH4 emissions from dry inland-waters
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2022 (English)In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 814, article id 151925Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Despite substantial advances in quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from dry inland waters, existing estimates mainly consist of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, methane (CH4) may also be relevant due to its higher Global Warming Potential (GWP). We report CH4 emissions from dry inland water sediments to i) provide a cross-continental estimate of such emissions for different types of aquatic systems (i.e., lakes, ponds, reservoirs, and streams) and climate zones (i.e., tropical, continental, and temperate); and ii) determine the environmental factors that control these emissions. CH4 emissions from dry inland waters were consistently higher than emissions observed in adjacent uphill soils, across climate zones and in all aquatic systems except for streams. However, the CH4 contribution (normalized to CO2 equivalents; CO2-eq) to the total GHG emissions of dry inland waters was similar for all types of aquatic systems and varied from 10 to 21%. Although we discuss multiple controlling factors, dry inland water CH4 emissions were most strongly related to sediment organic matter content and moisture. Summing CO2 and CH4 emissions revealed a cross-continental average emission of 9.6 +/- 17.4 g CO2-eqm(-2) d(-1) from dry inland waters. We argue that increasing droughts likely expand the worldwide surface area of atmosphere-exposed aquatic sediments, thereby increasing global dry inland water CH4 emissions. Hence, CH4 cannot be ignored if we want to fully understand the carbon (C) cycle of dry sediments.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2022
Keywords
Methane, Dry sediments, Aquatic ecosystems, Greenhouse gases
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-481398 (URN)10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151925 (DOI)000820609600003 ()34838923 (PubMedID)
Funder
EU, European Research Council, 336642EU, Horizon 2020, 839709German Research Foundation (DFG), KO1911/6-1
Available from: 2022-08-09 Created: 2022-08-09 Last updated: 2022-08-09Bibliographically approved
Grasset, C., Moras, S., Isidorova, A., Couture, R.-M., Linkhorst, A. & Sobek, S. (2021). An empirical model to predict methane production in inland water sediment from particular organic matter supply and reactivity. Limnology and Oceanography, 66(10), 3643-3655
Open this publication in new window or tab >>An empirical model to predict methane production in inland water sediment from particular organic matter supply and reactivity
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2021 (English)In: Limnology and Oceanography, ISSN 0024-3590, E-ISSN 1939-5590, Vol. 66, no 10, p. 3643-3655Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The highest CH4 production rates can be found in anoxic inland water surface sediments however no model quantifies CH4 production following fresh particular organic matter (POM) deposition on anoxic sediments. This limits our capability of modeling CH4 emissions from inland waters to the atmosphere. To generate such a model, we quantified how the POM supply rate and POM reactivity control CH4 production in anoxic surface sediment, by amending sediment at different frequencies with different quantities of aquatic and terrestrial POM. From the modeled CH4 production, we derived parameters related to the kinetics and the extent of CH4 production. We show that the extent of CH4 production can be well predicted by the quality (i.e., C/N ratio) and the quantity of POM supplied to an anoxic sediment. In particular, within the range of sedimentation rates that can be found in aquatic systems, we show that CH4 production increases linearly with the quantity of phytoplankton-derived and terrestrially derived POM. A high frequency of POM addition, which is a common situation in natural systems, resulted in higher peaks in CH4 production rates. This suggests that relationships derived from earlier incubation experiments that added POM only once, may result in underestimation of sediment CH4 production. Our results quantitatively couple CH4 production in anoxic surface sediment to POM sedimentation flux, and are therefore useful for the further development of mechanistic models of inland water CH4 emission.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2021
National Category
Ecology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-461035 (URN)10.1002/lno.11905 (DOI)000681100700001 ()
Funder
EU, FP7, Seventh Framework Programme, 336642
Available from: 2021-12-10 Created: 2021-12-10 Last updated: 2024-01-15Bibliographically approved
Paranaíba, J. R., Barros, N., Almeida, R. M., Mendonça, R., Linkhorst, A., do Vale, R., . . . Sobek, S. (2021). Hotspots of diffusive CO2 and CH4 emission from tropical reservoirs shift through time. Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences, 126(4), Article ID e2020JG006014.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Hotspots of diffusive CO2 and CH4 emission from tropical reservoirs shift through time
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2021 (English)In: Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences, ISSN 2169-8953, E-ISSN 2169-8961, Vol. 126, no 4, article id e2020JG006014Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The patterns of spatial and temporal variability in CO2 and CH4 emission from reservoirs are still poorly studied, especially in tropical regions where hydropower is growing. We performed spatially resolved measurements of dissolved CO2 and CH4 surface water concentrations and their gas-exchange coefficients (k) to compute diffusive carbon flux from four contrasting tropical reservoirs across Brazil during different hydrological seasons. We used an online equilibration system to measure dissolved CO2 and CH4 concentrations; we estimated k from floating chamber deployments in conjunction with discrete CO2 and CH4 water concentration measurements. Diffusive CO2 emissions were higher during dry season than during rainy season, whereas there were no consistent seasonal patterns for diffusive CH4 emissions. Our results reveal that the magnitude and the spatial within-reservoir patterns of diffusive CO2 and CH4 flux varied strongly among hydrological seasons. River inflow areas were often characterized by high seasonality in diffusive flux. Areas close to the dam generally showed low seasonal variability in diffusive CH4 flux but high variability in CO2 flux. Overall, we found that reservoir areas exhibiting highest emission rates (‘hotspots’) shifted substantially across hydrological seasons. Estimates of total diffusive carbon emission from the reservoir surfaces differed between hydrological seasons by a factor up to 7 in Chapéu D’Úvas, up to 13 in Curuá-Una, up to 4 in Furnas, and up to 1.8 in Funil, indicating that spatially-resolved measurements of CO2 and CH4 concentrations and k need to be performed at different hydrological seasons in order to constrain annual diffusive carbon emission.

Abstract [en]

Reservoirs are key for flood control, water supply, and hydropower generation. However, reservoirs are usually not carbon neutral. Studies worldwide point to reservoirs as important net sources of anthropogenic carbon emission to the atmosphere. Carbon emission from reservoirs derives from the decomposition of organic matter. Although carbon emission from reservoirs has been increasingly studied over the past two decades, most studies do not sufficiently describe emissions across space and time. Our study applies highly-resolved spatial coverage of dissolved surface water concentrations and gas-exchange coefficients of CO2 and CH4 to compute rates of CO2 and CH4 diffusion to the atmosphere across distinct hydrological seasons in four contrasting tropical reservoirs. We found that emissions varied substantially over both space and time. More specifically, we found that reservoir areas exhibiting highest emission rates ('hotspots') shifted substantially between dry and rainy seasons. Overlooking the spatial within-reservoir variability across seasons may result in serious under- or overestimations of total diffusive carbon emission from reservoirs, depending on the time and space that studies focus their sampling on. Our work may support scientists in adopting more comprehensive sampling strategies relevant for better constrained upscaling, and, consequently, support informed policy decisions and management actions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2021
National Category
Climate Research Environmental Sciences Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-393437 (URN)10.1029/2020JG006014 (DOI)000645001600025 ()
Available from: 2019-09-22 Created: 2019-09-22 Last updated: 2024-01-15Bibliographically approved
Barbosa, P. M., Melack, J. M., Amaral, J. H. F., Linkhorst, A. & Forsberg, B. R. (2021). Large Seasonal and Habitat Differences in Methane Ebullition on the Amazon Floodplain. Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences, 126(7), Article ID e2020JG005911.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Large Seasonal and Habitat Differences in Methane Ebullition on the Amazon Floodplain
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2021 (English)In: Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences, ISSN 2169-8953, E-ISSN 2169-8961, Vol. 126, no 7, article id e2020JG005911Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Tropical floodplains are an important source of methane (CH4) to the atmosphere, and ebullitive fluxes are likely to be important. We report direct measurements of CH4 ebullition in common habitats on the Amazon floodplain over two years based on floating chambers that allowed detection of bubbles, and submerged bubble traps. Ebullition was highly variable in space and time. Of the 840 floating chamber measurements (equivalent to 8,690 min of 10-min deployments), 22% captured bubbles. Ebullitive CH4 fluxes, measured using bubble traps deployed for a total of approximately 230 days, ranged from 0 to 109 mmol CH4 m−2 d−1, with a mean of 4.4 mmol CH4 m−2 d−1. During falling water, a hydroacoustic echosounder detected bubbles in 24% of the 70-m segments over 34 km. Ebullitive flux increased as the water level fell faster during falling water periods. In flooded forests, highest ebullitive fluxes occurred during falling water, while in open water and herbaceous plant habitats, higher ebullitive fluxes were measured during low water periods. The contribution of diffusive plus ebullitive CH4 flux represented by ebullition varied from 1% (high and rising water in open water of the lake) to 93% (falling water in flooded forests) based on bubble traps. Combining ebullitive and diffusive fluxes among habitats in relation to variations in water depth and areal coverage of aquatic habitats provides the basis for improved floodplain-wide estimates of CH4 evasion.

Plain Language Summary

Methane is a trace gas that contributes to global warming, and wetlands are major natural sources. High concentrations of methane in sediments can lead to large releases to the atmosphere via bubbling (called ebullition). The Amazon basin is known to be an important source of CH4 to the atmosphere. We measured CH4 ebullition over two years in flooded forest, macrophytes and open water habitats in an Amazon floodplain using floating chambers that allowed detection of bubbles, and bubble traps; we also used hydroacoustics to detect bubbles in the water column. We found high spatial and temporal variability in all habitats, with ebullitive fluxes tending to be higher when water level was low or falling. While ebullition was often the major route of evasion of methane to the atmosphere, it varied from only about 1% to 93% of the diffusive plus ebullitive flux. The episodic nature and spatial variations of ebullition introduce considerable uncertainty in estimates of ebullitive CH4 flux. Our results have important implications for the regionalization of CH4 fluxes for Amazon floodplains and inland waters elsewhere, and emphasize the inter-related temporal and spatial variations in habitats and fluxes especially in aquatic systems with large seasonal variations in extent.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2021
Keywords
Bubbles, flooded forests, lakes, regionalization, tropical floodplains
National Category
Ecology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-453785 (URN)10.1029/2020JG005911 (DOI)000677821700017 ()
Funder
EU, FP7, Seventh Framework Programme, 336642
Available from: 2021-10-11 Created: 2021-10-11 Last updated: 2024-01-15Bibliographically approved
Linkhorst, A., Paranaíba, J. R., Mendonça, R., Rudberg, D., DelSontro, T., Barros, N. & Sobek, S. (2021). Spatially Resolved Measurements in Tropical Reservoirs Reveal Elevated Methane Ebullition at River Inflows and at High Productivity. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 35(5), Article ID e2020GB006717.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Spatially Resolved Measurements in Tropical Reservoirs Reveal Elevated Methane Ebullition at River Inflows and at High Productivity
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2021 (English)In: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, ISSN 0886-6236, E-ISSN 1944-9224, Vol. 35, no 5, article id e2020GB006717Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

An increasing number of rivers are being dammed, particularly in the tropics, and reservoir water surfaces can be a substantial anthropogenic source of greenhouse gases. On average, 80% of the CO2-equivalent emission of reservoirs globally has been attributed to CH4, which is predominantly emitted via ebullition. Since ebullition is highly variable across space and time, both measuring and upscaling to an entire reservoir is challenging, and estimates of reservoir CH4 emission are therefore not well constrained. We measured CH4 ebullition at high spatial resolution with an echosounder and bubble traps in two reservoirs of different use (water storage and hydropower), size and productivity in the tropical Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest biome. Based on the spatially most well-resolved whole-reservoir ebullition measurements in the tropics so far, we found that mean CH4 ebullition was twice as high in river inflow areas than in other parts of the reservoirs, and more than four times higher in the eutrophic reservoir compared to the oligotrophic one. Using different upscaling approaches rendered similar whole-reservoir CH4 ebullition estimates, suggesting that highly spatially resolved measurements may be more important for constraining reservoir-wide CH4 estimates than choice of upscaling approach. The minimum sampling effort was high (>250 and >1700 30-m segments of hydroacoustic survey to reach within 50% or 80% accuracy, respectively). This suggests that traditional manual bubble trap measurements should be abandoned in favour of highly resolved measurements in order to get spatially representative estimates of CH4 ebullition, which accounted for 60 and 99% of total C emission in the two studied reservoirs.

Abstract [en]

Plain Language Summary:

Dam construction is currently booming, especially in the tropics, both for production of renewable hydropower and for water supply to a growing population. However, reservoirs can emit large amounts of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane to the atmosphere. The most climate-relevant emission from reservoirs typically stems from methane bubbles that form in the reservoir sediment and rise to the water surface, and it is challenging to quantify this sporadic bubbling across an entire reservoir. We measured methane bubbling in two reservoirs in Brazil, using a method that allows for a very high spatial coverage. We found a two times higher methane bubble emission from areas in which rivers are entering the reservoirs as compared to areas further away from river inflows. Also, methane bubble emission was four times higher in the nutrient-rich reservoir than in the nutrient-poor reservoir. We found that the minimum number of sampling sites required for a representative whole-reservoir methane bubble emission estimate was high, calling for the use of spatially highly resolved methods.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2021
National Category
Environmental Sciences Climate Research Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-393434 (URN)10.1029/2020GB006717 (DOI)000655225100005 ()
Funder
EU, FP7, Seventh Framework Programme, 336642
Available from: 2019-09-22 Created: 2019-09-22 Last updated: 2024-01-15Bibliographically approved
Linkhorst, A. (2021). Supplemental Data for "Spatially Resolved Measurements in Tropical Reservoirs Reveal Elevated Methane Ebullition at River Inflows and at High Productivity".
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Supplemental Data for "Spatially Resolved Measurements in Tropical Reservoirs Reveal Elevated Methane Ebullition at River Inflows and at High Productivity"
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2021 (English)Data set
Abstract [en]

An increasing number of rivers are being dammed, particularly in the tropics, and reservoir water surfaces can be a substantial anthropogenic source of greenhouse gases. On average, 80% of the CO2-equivalent emission of reservoirs globally has been attributed to CH4, which is predominantly emitted via ebullition. Since ebullition is highly variable across space and time, both measuring and upscaling to an entire reservoir is challenging, and estimates of reservoir CH4 emission are therefore not well constrained. We measured CH4 ebullition at high spatial resolution with an echosounder and bubble traps in two reservoirs of different use (water storage and hydropower), size and productivity in the tropical Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest biome. Based on the spatially most well-resolved whole-reservoir ebullition measurements in the tropics so far, we found that mean CH4 ebullition was twice as high in river inflow areas than in other parts of the reservoirs, and more than four times higher in the eutrophic reservoir compared to the oligotrophic one. Using different upscaling approaches rendered similar whole-reservoir CH4 ebullition estimates, suggesting that highly spatially resolved measurements may be more important for constraining reservoir-wide CH4 estimates than choice of upscaling approach. The minimum sampling effort was high (>250 and >1700 30-m segments of hydroacoustic survey to reach within 50% or 80% accuracy, respectively). This suggests that traditional manual bubble trap measurements should be abandoned in favour of highly resolved measurements in order to get spatially representative estimates of CH4 ebullition, which accounted for 60 and 99% of total C emission in the two studied reservoirs.

Abstract [en]

Dam construction is currently booming, especially in the tropics, both for production of renewable hydropower and for water supply to a growing population. However, reservoirs can emit large amounts of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane to the atmosphere. The most climate-relevant emission from reservoirs typically stems from methane bubbles that form in the reservoir sediment and rise to the water surface, and it is challenging to quantify this sporadic bubbling across an entire reservoir. We measured methane bubbling in two reservoirs in Brazil, using a method that allows for a very high spatial coverage. We found a two times higher methane bubble emission from areas in which rivers are entering the reservoirs as compared to areas further away from river inflows. Also, methane bubble emission was four times higher in the nutrient-rich reservoir than in the nutrient-poor reservoir. We found that the minimum number of sampling sites required for a representative whole-reservoir methane bubble emission estimate was high, calling for the use of spatially highly resolved methods.

National Category
Ecology Environmental Sciences Climate Research
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-429382 (URN)
Available from: 2020-12-23 Created: 2020-12-23 Last updated: 2021-08-05Bibliographically approved
Linkhorst, A., Hiller, C., DelSontro, T., Azevedo, G. M., Barros, N., Mendonça, R. & Sobek, S. (2020). Comparing methane ebullition variability across space and time in a Brazilian reservoir. Limnology and Oceanography, 65(7), 1623-1634
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Comparing methane ebullition variability across space and time in a Brazilian reservoir
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2020 (English)In: Limnology and Oceanography, ISSN 0024-3590, E-ISSN 1939-5590, Vol. 65, no 7, p. 1623-1634Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is readily emitted from tropical reservoirs, often via ebullition (bubbles). This highly stochastic emission pathway varies in space and time, however, hampering efforts to accurately assess total CH4 emissions from water bodies. We systematically studied both the spatial and temporal scales of ebullition variability in a river inflow bay of a tropical Brazilian reservoir. We conducted multiple highly resolved spatial surveys of CH4 ebullition using a hydroacoustic approach supplemented with bubble traps over a 12‐month and a 2‐week timescale to evaluate which scale of variation was more important. To quantify the spatial and temporal variability of CH4 ebullition, we used the quartile coefficients of dispersion at each point in space and time and compared their frequency distributions across the various temporal and spatial scales. We found that CH4 ebullition varied more temporally than spatially and that the intra‐annual variability was stronger than daily variability within 2 weeks. We also found that CH4 ebullition was positively related to water temperature increase and pressure decrease, but no consistent relationship with water column depth or sediment characteristics was found, further highlighting that temporal drivers of emissions were stronger than spatial drivers. Annual estimates of CH4 ebullition from our study area may vary by 75–174% if ebullition is not resolved in time and space, but at a minimum we recommend conducting spatially resolved measurements at least once during each major hydrologic season in tropical regions (i.e., in dry and rainy season when water levels are falling and rising, respectively).

Keywords
CH4, carbon cycle, lake, biogeochemistry, spatial, temporal scale
National Category
Climate Research Environmental Sciences Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources
Research subject
Biology with specialization in Limnology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-393435 (URN)10.1002/lno.11410 (DOI)000547708600012 ()
Funder
EU, FP7, Seventh Framework Programme, 336642
Available from: 2019-09-22 Created: 2019-09-22 Last updated: 2020-09-17Bibliographically approved
Keller, P. S., Catalán, N., von Schiller, D., Grossart, H.-P., Koschorreck, M., Obrador, B., . . . Marcé, R. (2020). Global CO2 emissions from dry inland waters share common drivers across ecosystems. Nature Communications, 11, Article ID 2126.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Global CO2 emissions from dry inland waters share common drivers across ecosystems
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2020 (English)In: Nature Communications, E-ISSN 2041-1723, Vol. 11, article id 2126Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Many inland waters exhibit complete or partial desiccation, or have vanished due to global change, exposing sediments to the atmosphere. Yet, data on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from these sediments are too scarce to upscale emissions for global estimates or to understand their fundamental drivers. Here, we present the results of a global survey covering 196 dry inland waters across diverse ecosystem types and climate zones. We show that their CO2 emissions share fundamental drivers and constitute a substantial fraction of the carbon cycled by inland waters. CO2 emissions were consistent across ecosystem types and climate zones, with local characteristics explaining much of the variability. Accounting for such emissions increases global estimates of carbon emissions from inland waters by 6% (~0.12 Pg C y−1). Our results indicate that emissions from dry inland waters represent a significant and likely increasing component of the inland waters carbon cycle.

National Category
Climate Research
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-409873 (URN)10.1038/s41467-020-15929-y (DOI)000531425700007 ()32358532 (PubMedID)
Funder
German Research Foundation (DFG), KO1911/6-1German Research Foundation (DFG), GR1540/23-1EU, European Research Council, 336642
Available from: 2020-05-01 Created: 2020-05-01 Last updated: 2023-03-28Bibliographically approved
Paranaíba, J. R. (2020). Supplemental data: Hotspots of diffusive CO2 and CH4 emission from tropical reservoirs shift through time.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Supplemental data: Hotspots of diffusive CO2 and CH4 emission from tropical reservoirs shift through time
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2020 (English)Data set
National Category
Ecology Environmental Sciences Climate Research
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-429477 (URN)
Available from: 2020-12-26 Created: 2020-12-26 Last updated: 2021-06-10
Almeida, R. M., Paranaíba, J. R., Barbosa, Í., Sobek, S., Kosten, S., Linkhorst, A., . . . Barros, N. (2019). Carbon dioxide emission from drawdown areas of a Brazilian reservoir is linked to surrounding land cover. Aquatic Sciences, 81, Article ID 68.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Carbon dioxide emission from drawdown areas of a Brazilian reservoir is linked to surrounding land cover
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2019 (English)In: Aquatic Sciences, ISSN 1015-1621, E-ISSN 1420-9055, Vol. 81, article id 68Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Reservoir sediments exposed to air due to water level fluctuations are strong sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). The spatial variability of CO2 fluxes from these drawdown areas are still poorly understood. In a reservoir in southeastern Brazil, we investigated whether CO2 emissions from drawdown areas vary as a function of neighboring land cover types and assessed the magnitude of CO2 fluxes from drawdown areas in relation to nearby water surface. Exposed sediments near forestland (average = 2733 mg C m−2 day−1) emitted more CO2 than exposed sediments near grassland (average = 1261 mg C m−2 day−1), congruent with a difference in organic matter content between areas adjacent to forestland (average = 12.2%) and grassland (average = 10.9%). Moisture also had a significant effect on CO2 emission, with dry exposed sediments (average water content: 13.7%) emitting on average 2.5 times more CO2 than wet exposed sediments (average water content: 23.5%). We carried out a systematic comparison with data from the literature, which indicates that CO2 efflux from drawdown areas globally is about an order of magnitude higher than CO2 efflux from adjacent water surfaces, and within the range of CO2 efflux from terrestrial soils. Our findings suggest that emissions from exposed sediments may vary substantially in space, possibly related to organic matter supply from uphill vegetation, and that drawdown areas play a disproportionately important role in total reservoir CO2 emissions with respect to the area they cover.

National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-392337 (URN)10.1007/s00027-019-0665-9 (DOI)000482233400001 ()
Funder
EU, European Research Council, 336642
Available from: 2019-09-03 Created: 2019-09-03 Last updated: 2022-01-29Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-3609-5107

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