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Effects of high-fat diet and the anti-diabetic drug metformin on circulating GLP-1 and the relative number of intestinal L-cells
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology.
2014 (English)In: Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, E-ISSN 1758-5996, Vol. 6, p. 70-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Elevated serum free fatty acids (FFAs) contribute to the pathogenesis of type-2-diabetes (T2D), and lipotoxicity is observed in many cell types. We recently showed that simulated hyperlipidemia induces lipoapoptosis also in GLP-1-secreting L-cells in vitro, while metformin confers lipoprotection. The aim of this study was to determine if a high fat diet (HFD) reduces the number of enteroendocrine L-cells and/or GLP-1 plasma levels in a rodent model, and potential effects thereupon of metformin treatment. Methods: C57/Bl6 mice received control/HFD for 12-weeks, and oral administration of metformin/saline for the last 14 days. Blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and plasma insulin and GLP-1 were determined before and after treatment with metformin using ELISAs. GLP-1-immunopositive cells in intestinal tissue sections were quantified using immunohistochemistry. Results: A HFD increased blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and fasting plasma insulin (33%, 15% and 70% increase, respectively), in conjunction with reduced oral glucose tolerance, indicating the manifestation of insulin resistance. Metformin counteracted these adverse effects, while also reducing prandial plasma FFAs. The number of GLP-1-positive cells was indicated to be reduced (55% reduction of the number of GLP-1-positive cells, p = 0.134), while there was a trend toward increased prandial plasma GLP-1 despite reduced food intake following a HFD. Conclusion: HFD-fed mice rapidly develop insulin resistance. Metformin exerts beneficial glucose lowering effects, and is indicated to improve the incretin response. Albeit no significant effect, a HFD tends to reduce the number of GLP-1-positive cells. However, considering concurrent normal or increased plasma GLP-1, any reduction in the number of GLP-1-positive cells, probably does not contribute to development of the glucose intolerance, but may contribute to progression of the diabetic state through eventual loss of a functional incretin response.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2014. Vol. 6, p. 70-
Keywords [en]
Metformin, Glucagon-like peptide-1, Insulinotropic, Lipotoxicity, L-cell
National Category
Cell and Molecular Biology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-229963DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-6-70ISI: 000338889400001PubMedID: 25028601OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-229963DiVA, id: diva2:738715
Available from: 2014-08-19 Created: 2014-08-18 Last updated: 2024-03-14Bibliographically approved

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Kappe, Camilla

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