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Compositional characteristics and spatial distribution of enriched Icelandic mantle components
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2010 (Engelska)Ingår i: Journal of Petrology, ISSN 0022-3530, E-ISSN 1460-2415, Vol. 51, nr 7, s. 1447-1475Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

We present compositional data on a suite of 18 primitive neovolcanic alkali basalts from three flank-zone regions in Iceland (Vestmannaeyjar in the south, Snæfell in the east, and Snæfellsnes in the west) that are peripheral to the main rift zones that are dominated by tholeiitic basalts. This study integrates He isotope data with radiogenic isotope data (Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf), stable isotope data (18O), and trace element data to characterize the compositional features of the trace element enriched components of the Icelandic mantle. We also present high-precision Pb isotope data on an additional 57 lava samples from the flank zones (including Öræfajökull in the SE) and the Northern and Eastern rift zones. Most Icelandic lavas have negative 207Pb (–4 to –1), with higher values (–1 to +4) found only in samples from Öræfajökull, Snæfell, and parts of the Reykjanes Peninsula. At Snæfell, this EM1-type component is characterized by a low 18Oolivine signature (+4·1 to +4·6), moderate 206Pb/204Pb values (18·4–18·6) and mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)-like 3He/4He (6·9–7·5 R/RA). Samples from Vestmannaeyjar and Snæfellsnes have mantle-like 18Oolivine (+4·9 to +5·0), and radiogenic 206Pb/204Pb values (18·9–19·3) that fall on the Northern Hemisphere Reference Line for 208Pb/204Pb (208Pb –5 to +5). Compared with the Vestmannaeyjar lavas, Snæfellsnes lavas have higher La/YbN (5–11 vs 3–5), lower Nd (5·5–6·5 vs 6·8–7·6) and lower 3He/4He (6·3–8·6 R/RA vs 11·4–13·5 R/RA). Therefore, the most trace element enriched components in the Icelandic mantle are not the carriers of the high 3He/4He values (>15 R/RA) found in some lavas on Iceland and the adjacent ridges, and instead are consistent with degassed, recycled components. Even after excluding the EM1-type high 207Pb samples, high-precision Pb isotope data produce a kinked array on a 206Pb/204Pb vs 208Pb/204Pb plot, which is not consistent with simple binary mixing between two end-members. This requires significant lateral heterogeneity within the Icelandic mantle and the presence of more than just two compositionally distinct local mixing end-member components. Samples from each of the main axial rift zones define different trends. Despite the tectonic continuity between the Northern Volcanic Zone and the Eastern Volcanic Zone, lavas from these two rift zones define separate sub-parallel linear arrays. Lavas from the adjacent Western Volcanic Zone and the Eastern Volcanic Zone define oblique linear arrays that converge on a common local end-member that is not involved in the magmatism of the Northern Volcanic Zone. Therefore, there is a distinct NE–SW compositional heterogeneity within the Icelandic mantle.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
2010. Vol. 51, nr 7, s. 1447-1475
Nationell ämneskategori
Geologi
Forskningsämne
Geovetenskap med inriktning mot mineralogi, petrologi och tektonik
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-125605DOI: 10.1093/petrology/egq025ISI: 000279192100003OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-125605DiVA, id: diva2:320355
Tillgänglig från: 2010-05-24 Skapad: 2010-05-24 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-01-28Bibliografiskt granskad

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Förlagets fulltexthttp://petrology.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/egq025v1

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