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Effects of whole-grain rye porridge with added inulin and wheat gluten on appetite, gut fermentation and postprandial glucose metabolism: a randomised, cross-over, breakfast study
Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci, POB 7051, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden..
Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci, POB 7051, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.;Chalmers, Dept Biol & Biol Engn, Gothenburg, Sweden..
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6879-9194
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology.
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2016 (English)In: British Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 0007-1145, E-ISSN 1475-2662, Vol. 116, no 12, p. 2139-2149Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Whole-grain rye foods reduce appetite, insulin and sometimes glucose responses. Increased gut fermentation and plant protein may mediate the effect. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether the appetite-suppressing effects of whole-grain rye porridge could be enhanced by replacing part of the rye with fermented dietary fibre and plant protein, and to explore the role of gut fermentation on appetite and metabolic responses over 8 h. We conducted a randomised, cross-over study using two rye porridges (40 and 55 g), three 40-g rye porridges with addition of inulin: gluten (9:3; 6:6; 3:9 g) and a refined wheat bread control (55 g), served as part of complete breakfasts. A standardised lunch and an ad libitum dinner were served 4 and 8 h later, respectively. Appetite, breath hydrogen and methane, glucose, insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) responses were measured over 8 h. Twenty-one healthy men and women, aged 23-60 years, with BMI of 21-33 kg/m(2) participated in this study. Before lunch, the 55-g rye porridges lowered hunger by 20% and desire to eat by 22% and increased fullness by 29% compared with wheat bread (P < 0.05). Breath hydrogen increased proportionally to dietary fibre content (P < 0.05). Plasma glucose after lunch was 6% lower after the 55-g rye porridges compared with wheat bread (P< 0.05) and correlated to breath hydrogen (P < 0.001). No differences were observed in ad libitum food intake, insulin or GLP-1. We conclude that no further increase in satiety was observed when replacing part of the rye with inulin and gluten compared with plain rye porridges.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2016. Vol. 116, no 12, p. 2139-2149
Keywords [en]
Rye, Inulin, Satiety, Metabolic responses, Gluten
National Category
Nutrition and Dietetics Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-316437DOI: 10.1017/S0007114516004153ISI: 000392726300015PubMedID: 28069076OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-316437DiVA, id: diva2:1077916
Available from: 2017-03-01 Created: 2017-03-01 Last updated: 2017-11-29Bibliographically approved

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Webb, Dominic-LucHellström, Per M.Risérus, Ulf

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