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Depth resolved grazing incidence neutron scattering experiments from semi-infinite interfaces: a statistical analysis of the scattering contributions
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5748-2237
ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7904-5639
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
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2018 (English)In: Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, ISSN 0953-8984, E-ISSN 1361-648X, Vol. 30, article id 165901Article in journal, Letter (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Grazing incidence neutron scattering experiments offer surface sensitivity by reflecting from an interface at momentum transfers close to total external reflection. Under these conditions the penetration depth is strongly non-linear and may change by many orders of magnitude. This fact imposes severe challenges for depth resolved experiments, since the brilliance of neutron beams is relatively low in comparison to e.g. synchrotron radiation. In this article we use probability density functions to calculate the contribution of scattering at different distances from an interface to the intensities registered on the detector. Our method has the particular advantage that the depth sensitivity is directly extracted from the scattering pattern itself. Hence for perfectly known samples exact resolution functions can be calculated and visa versa. We show that any tails in the resolution function, e.g. Gaussian shaped, hinders depth resolved experiments. More importantly we provide means for a descriptive statistical analysis of detector images with respect to the scattering contributions and show that even for perfect resolution near surface scattering is hardly accessible.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP), 2018. Vol. 30, article id 165901
Keywords [en]
GISANS, neutrons, interfaces, depth profiling, resolution
National Category
Condensed Matter Physics
Research subject
Physics with spec. in Atomic, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-348219DOI: 10.1088/1361-648X/aab573ISI: 000428466400001PubMedID: 29521272OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-348219DiVA, id: diva2:1196911
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2016-04645The Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT), IG-2011-2067Available from: 2018-04-11 Created: 2018-04-11 Last updated: 2018-06-20Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Opportunities and challenges of surface scattering at next generation neutron sources
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Opportunities and challenges of surface scattering at next generation neutron sources
2018 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Complex fluids and soft matter are ubiquitously found in the world and all contacts in life are made over surfaces. To describe the mechanical behavior of such substances, rheological methods are used. Flow instabilities are a big challenge in rheology since they will be reflected in the macroscopic variables probed, like e. g. the viscosity. Many such discontinuities may actually originate at the surface. Investigating the properties of liquids in contact with the surface under mechanical load is the main course of the thesis. Neutron reflectometry and GISANS are perfect tools in this context to access the solid liquid interfaces, since they can penetrate many engineering materials and show a comparably large scattering potential at deuterated samples. In this thesis shear was applied on a model solution and neutron scattering techniques were used to investigate the structure under load. The focus was set on the development of the measurement methods themselves to enable new scientific insights in the future. First, by stroboscopic measurements the flux limitations are overcome for oscillatory rheology. By reintegration in the post processing it is shown that kinetic measurements with neutrons are possible with a time resolution below one millisecond. Second, the transformation of grazing incidence data from the laboratory system into q-space is strongly non-linear resulting in a need for re-binning. In this thesis a universal tool has been developed for this purpose. Finally, there is an ongoing discussion on depth sensitive neutron scattering experiments from solid-liquid boundaries. By using emission densities we show that such experiments face severe limitations due to the low absorption cross section of the neutron.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2018. p. 51
Series
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology, ISSN 1651-6214 ; 1666
Keywords
GISANS, data reduction, off-specular, neutron scattering, reflectometry, complex fluids, rheology
National Category
Condensed Matter Physics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-348348 (URN)978-91-513-0324-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2018-05-25, Häggsalen, Ångströmlaboratoriet, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Uppsala, 13:30 (English)
Opponent
Available from: 2018-05-08 Created: 2018-04-11 Last updated: 2018-10-08

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Adlmann, FranzKorolkovas, AiridasBliersbach, AndreasPálsson, Gunnar K.Wolff, Max

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