The gendered aspects of conflicts and peace processes have received increased attention by researchers and policy-makers, but little is known about the gendered effects of the content of peace agreements. This thesis fills a part of this gap by examining if and how gender-sensitive intrastate peace agreements affect post-agreement gender equality. The theoretical framework draws on literature on peace negotiations and agreements as well as the roles and involvement of civil society and international organizations in peace processes. A quantitative study finds support for the hypothesis that gender-sensitive peace agreements on average result in a higher increase of political gender equality five years after an agreement is signed compared to gender-blind agreements. Partial support is furthermore found for the causal mechanism in a qualitative pathway case study of Nepal. The results from 19 in-depth interviews indicate that gender provisions have a positive effect on political gender equality through the work and peace agreement implementation of the government. This seems to be conditioned on international involvement and no breakdown of the peace agreement. The findings thus indicate that gender provisions in peace agreements are not forgotten but constitute important avenues to advance gender equality.