Logo: to the web site of Uppsala University

uu.sePublications from Uppsala University
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Integrated Antenna Solutions for Wireless Sensor and Millimeter-Wave Systems
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Microwave and Terahertz Technology.
2009 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis presents various integrated antenna solutions for different types of systems and applications, e.g. wireless sensors, broadband handsets, advanced base stations, MEMS-based reconfigurable front-ends, automotive anti-collision radars, and large area electronics.

For wireless sensor applications, a T-matched dipole is proposed and integrated in an electrically small body-worn sensor node. Measurement techniques are developed to characterize the port impedance and radiation properties. Possibilities and limitations of the planar inverted cone antenna (PICA) for small handsets are studied experimentally. Printed slot-type and folded PICAs are demonstrated for UWB handheld terminals.

Both monolithic and hybrid integration are applied for electrically steerable array antennas. Compact phase shifters within a traveling wave array antenna architecture, on single layer substrate, is investigated for the first time. Radio frequency MEMS switches are utilized to improve the performance of reconfigurable antennas at higher frequencies. Using monolithic integration, a 20 GHz switched beam antenna based on MEMS switches is implemented and evaluated. Compared to similar work published previously, complete experimental results are here for the first time reported. Moreover, a hybrid approach is used for a 24 GHz switched beam traveling wave array antenna. A MEMS router is fabricated on silicon substrate for switching two array antennas on a LTCC chip.

A concept of nano-wire based substrate integrated waveguides (SIW) is proposed for millimeter-wave applications. Antenna prototypes based on this concept are successfully demonstrated for automotive radar applications.

W-band body-worn nonlinear harmonic radar reflectors are proposed as a means to improve automotive radar functionality. Passive, semi-passive and active nonlinear reflectors consisting of array antennas and nonlinear circuitry on flex foils are investigated.

A new stretchable RF electronics concept for large area electronics is demonstrated. It incorporates liquid metal into microstructured elastic channels. The prototypes exhibit high stretchability, foldability, and twistability, with maintained electrical properties.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis , 2009. , p. 114
Series
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology, ISSN 1651-6214 ; 698
Keywords [en]
harmonic radar (HR), liquid alloy, millimeter-wave, micromachining, phase shifters, planar inverted cone antennas (PICA), printed circuit boards (PCB), quasi-Yagi antennas, radio frequency microelectromechanical system (RF MEMS), stretchable antennas, substrate integrate waveguides (SIW), T-matched dipole antennas, tapered slot antennas, traveling wave array antennas, ultrawideband (UWB), wireless sensor networks.
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electronics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-111197ISBN: 978-91-554-7681-6 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-111197DiVA, id: diva2:279815
Public defence
2010-01-29, Siegbhansalen, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala, 13:30 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Projects
wisenetAvailable from: 2010-01-07 Created: 2009-12-06 Last updated: 2018-06-07Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Compact Reflective Microstrip Phase Shifter for Traveling Wave Antenna Applications
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Compact Reflective Microstrip Phase Shifter for Traveling Wave Antenna Applications
2006 (English)In: IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, ISSN 1531-1309, E-ISSN 1558-1764, Vol. 16, no 7, p. 431-433Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A varactor diode based microstrip phase shifter for 5.8 GHz is presented. It is designed for use in microstrip traveling Wave antennas where there is a strict limitation on the available space for the phase shifters. To meet all requirements, a reflective type phase shifter is chosen. Such a phase shifter includes a hybrid coupler. A compact branch line coupler is designed to make the phase shifter fit between the radiating elements in the antenna, while maintaining sufficient electrical performance. Phase shifters are designed with different types of stubs connecting the diodes to ground. A phase tuning range of 621 is measured for a phase shifter with parallel open stubs, and 92 degrees with shorted stubs. Insertion loss is in both cases less than 0.6 dB. A complete five-element array antenna is built and characterized. Measurements show beam scanning angles within 32 degrees from broadside.

Keywords
branch line coupler; hybrid; reflective type phase shifter (RTPS); traveling wave antenna; varactor
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-94863 (URN)10.1109/LMWC.2006.877126 (DOI)000238865400015 ()
External cooperation:
Available from: 2006-09-22 Created: 2006-09-22 Last updated: 2017-12-14Bibliographically approved
2. Electrically-steerable single-layer microstrip traveling wave antenna with varactor diode based phase shifters
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Electrically-steerable single-layer microstrip traveling wave antenna with varactor diode based phase shifters
Show others...
2007 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, ISSN 0018-926X, E-ISSN 1558-2221, Vol. 55, no 9, p. 2451-2460Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The design of electrically steerable traveling wave microstrip antenna arrays is presented. Varactor diode based phase shifters implemented on the same metallic layer as the patch elements are used to provide a variable progressive phase shift in the array. Two antennas for the 5.8 GHz ISM band, manufactured as single layer printed designs on a standard PTFE soft substrate, are demonstrated. A ten-element beam-tilting vertical array using transmission type phase shifters is realized, yielding between 11.8 to 13.9 dBi gain for the 0deg to 11deg beam tilt tuning range. Using wide phase tuning range reflection type phase shifters a five-element horizontally scanning array with -32deg to 32deg steering range and 10.9-11.3 dBi gain has been realized.

Keywords
Microstrip antennas, microwave phase shifters, phased arrays, traveling wave antennas
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-13375 (URN)10.1109/TAP.2007.904104 (DOI)000249213900004 ()
Available from: 2008-01-22 Created: 2008-01-22 Last updated: 2017-12-11Bibliographically approved
3. Modified planar inverted code antenna for mobile communication handsets
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Modified planar inverted code antenna for mobile communication handsets
2007 (English)In: IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, ISSN 1536-1225, E-ISSN 1548-5757, Vol. 6, p. 472-475Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The planar inverted cone antenna (PICA) is an antenna type that shows remarkably wideband performance. In its basic configuration, it is mounted on an infinite ground plane, and protrudes lambda/4 above it. This letter presents a study of the possibilities of integrating a PICA in a mobile terminal handset by modifying the ground plane and the radiating element. Port impedance and radiation performance are studied in both simulations and measurement.

Keywords
Antennas, Monopole antennas, telephone sets
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-13374 (URN)10.1109/LAWP.2007.907051 (DOI)000252622000126 ()
Available from: 2008-01-22 Created: 2008-01-22 Last updated: 2017-12-11Bibliographically approved
4. Printed slot planar inverted cone antenna for ultrawideband applications
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Printed slot planar inverted cone antenna for ultrawideband applications
2008 (English)In: IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, ISSN 1536-1225, E-ISSN 1548-5757, Vol. 7, p. 18-21Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A novel ultrawideband (UWB) printed wide-slot antenna is presented. The design is based on the planar inverted cone antenna (PICA), introduced by Suh. The presented design comprises PICA-like structures, etched from a double-layer substrate. Compared to the original PICA, it is lower in profile, more compact and maintains comparable performance. A prototype integrated in a printed circuit board and fed by a microstrip line is fabricated and measured. The results show that the proposed antenna provides at least 13:1 impedance bandwidth at 10-dB return loss.

Keywords
microstrip line, planar inverted cone antenna (PICA), printed circuit board (PCB), slot antenna, ultrawideband (UWB) antenna
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Research subject
Signal Processing
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-109127 (URN)10.1109/LAWP.2007.914115 (DOI)000258586000005 ()
Available from: 2009-10-09 Created: 2009-10-09 Last updated: 2017-12-13Bibliographically approved
5. Substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIW) in a Flexible Printed Circuit Board for Millimeter Wave Applications
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIW) in a Flexible Printed Circuit Board for Millimeter Wave Applications
2009 (English)In: Journal of microelectromechanical systems, ISSN 1057-7157, E-ISSN 1941-0158, Vol. 18, no 1, p. 154-162Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs) are presented and demonstrated in a flexible printed circuit board (flex PCB) for application in the 77-81 GHz range. The vertical walls of the SIWs presented in this paper consist of multiple electrodeposited metallic wires. The diameters of these wires and the spacing between them are on the order of hundreds of nanometers. Hence, the walls can be seen as continuous metallic walls, and the leakage losses through them become negligible. In turn, the SIWs presented in this paper can operate at higher frequencies compared with previously presented structures that are realized with PCB fabrication processes. The attenuation of the SIWs is comparable to that of microstrip lines on the same sample. The SIWs are successfully demonstrated in a SIW-based slot antenna. The antenna gain along the z-axis (normal-to-plane) was found to be around 2.8 dBi at 78 GHz which is in agreement with the simulated values. [2008-0047]

Keywords
Flexible printed circuit boards (flex PCB), millimeter-wave (mm-W) antennas, millimeter waves, polyimide foils, substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs)
National Category
Signal Processing
Research subject
Engineering Science with specialization in Microwave Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-96879 (URN)10.1109/JMEMS.2008.2009799 (DOI)000263123100016 ()
Available from: 2008-03-19 Created: 2008-03-19 Last updated: 2017-12-14Bibliographically approved
6. 79 GHz Slot Antennas Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIW) in a Flexible Printed Circuit Board
Open this publication in new window or tab >>79 GHz Slot Antennas Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIW) in a Flexible Printed Circuit Board
2009 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, ISSN 0018-926X, E-ISSN 1558-2221, Vol. 57, no 1, p. 64-71Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The design, fabrication and characterization of 79 GHz slot antennas based on substrate integrated waveguides (SIW) are presented in this paper. All the prototypes are fabricated in a polyimide flex foil using printed circuit board (PCB) fabrication processes. A novel concept is used to minimize the leakage losses of the SlWs at millimeter wave frequencies. Different losses in the SlWs are analyzed. SIW-based single slot antenna, longitudinal and four-by-four slot array antennas are numerically and experimentally studied. Measurements of the   antennas show approximately 4.7%, 5.4% and 10.7% impedance bandwidth (S-11 = -10 dB) with 2.8 dBi, 6.0 dBi and 11.0 dBi maximum antenna gain around 79 GHz, respectively. The measured results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.

Keywords
Flexible printed circuit boards, microstrip-to-SIW transition, millimeter wave, slot array antenna, substrate integrated waveguides (SIW)
National Category
Signal Processing
Research subject
Engineering Science with specialization in Microwave Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-96880 (URN)10.1109/TAP.2008.2009708 (DOI)000264246700008 ()
Available from: 2008-03-19 Created: 2008-03-19 Last updated: 2017-12-14Bibliographically approved
7. T-matched dipole antenna integrated in electrically small body-worn wireless sensor node
Open this publication in new window or tab >>T-matched dipole antenna integrated in electrically small body-worn wireless sensor node
Show others...
2009 (English)In: IEE Proceedings - Microwaves Antennas and Propagation, ISSN 1350-2417, E-ISSN 1359-706X, Vol. 3, no 5, p. 774-781Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A 2.4 GHz antenna for an electrically small body-worn sensor node is   presented. Usually, unbalanced antennas are used in such applications. Implementing a balanced antenna in a small node deployed on the body is problematic from the points of view of both design and   characterisation. A solution using a T-matched dipole integrated in the   node housing is presented. Techniques for characterisation both in free space and on the body are described. Besides antenna port impedance and radiation efficiency, radiated power and radiation patterns of the active antenna fed by a transceiver in a fully functional sensor node are measured. The benefits and drawbacks of the chosen antenna design and characterisation techniques are discussed.

National Category
Signal Processing
Research subject
Engineering Science with specialization in Microwave Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-111198 (URN)10.1049/iet-map.2008.0218 (DOI)000268003900008 ()
Projects
WISENETECUBES
Available from: 2009-12-06 Created: 2009-12-06 Last updated: 2017-12-12
8. Liquid metal stretchable unbalanced loop antenna
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Liquid metal stretchable unbalanced loop antenna
2009 (English)In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 94, no 14, p. 144103-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We present a 2.4 GHz unbalanced loop antenna that can be stretched along multiple dimensions simultaneously. It was realized by incorporating room temperature liquid metal alloy into microstructured channels in an elastic material. The demonstrated prototype exhibits a stretchability of up to 40% along two orthogonal orientations as well as foldability and twistability. Port impedance and radiation characteristics of the nonstretched and stretched antenna were studied numerically and experimentally. Measured results indicate a radiation efficiency of more than 80%.

Keywords
liquid metals, loop antennas, radiation effects, UHF antennas
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Engineering Science with specialization in Microwave Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-111190 (URN)10.1063/1.3114381 (DOI)000265083700076 ()
Projects
WISENET
Available from: 2009-12-06 Created: 2009-12-06 Last updated: 2017-12-12Bibliographically approved
9. Switched beam antenna based on RF MEMS SPDT switch on quartz substrate
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Switched beam antenna based on RF MEMS SPDT switch on quartz substrate
Show others...
2009 (English)In: IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, ISSN 1536-1225, E-ISSN 1548-5757, Vol. 8, p. 383-386Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This letter demonstrates a 20-GHz radio frequency  microelectromechanical system (RF MEMS)-based electrically switchable   antenna on a quartz substrate. Two quasi-Yagi antenna elements are   monolithically integrated with a single-pole double-throw (SPDT) MEMS   switch router network on a 21 mm x 8 mm chip. Electrical beam steering   between two opposite directions is achieved using capacitive MEMS SPDT  switches in the router. Port impedance and radiation patterns are studied numerically and experimentally. Measured results show that the   switched beam antenna features a 27% impedance bandwidth (S-11 = -10   dB), a gain of 4.6 dBi, and a front-to-back ratio of 14 dB at 20 GHz   when the control voltage is applied to one of the switch pairs of the SPDT switch.

Keywords
Front-to-back ratio, half-power beamwidth (HPBW), quasi-Yagi antenna, radio frequency microelectromechanical system (RF MEMS), single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch
National Category
Signal Processing
Research subject
Engineering Science with specialization in Microwave Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-111192 (URN)10.1109/LAWP.2009.2018712 (DOI)000267792700020 ()
Available from: 2009-12-06 Created: 2009-12-06 Last updated: 2017-12-12Bibliographically approved
10. Foldable and stretchable liquid metal planar inverted cone antenna
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Foldable and stretchable liquid metal planar inverted cone antenna
Show others...
2009 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, ISSN 0018-926X, E-ISSN 1558-2221, Vol. 57, no 12, p. 3765-3771Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A mechanically flexible planar inverted cone antenna (PICA) for   ultrawideband (UWB) applications is presented. It can be both folded   and stretched significantly without permanent damage or loss of   electrical functionality. The antenna is manufactured with a process in   which conductors are realized by injecting room temperature liquid   metal alloy into micro-structured channels in an elastic dielectric   material. The elastic dielectric material together with the liquid   metal enables bending with a very small radius, twisting, and   stretching along any direction. Port impedance and radiation   characteristics of the non-stretched and stretched antenna are studied   in simulations and experiments. The presented antenna has a return loss   better than 10 dB within 3-11 GHz and a radiation efficiency of > 70%   over 3-10 GHz, also when stretched. Tests verify that stretching up to   40% is possible with maintained electrical performance. The presented   antenna is useful for example for body-worn antennas and in   applications in harsh environments where mechanical flexibility helps   improve durability.

Keywords
Liquid alloy, planar inverted cone antenna (PICA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), stretchable electronics, ultrawideband (UWB)
National Category
Signal Processing
Research subject
Engineering Science with specialization in Microwave Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-111193 (URN)10.1109/TAP.2009.2024560 (DOI)000272313500013 ()
Projects
wisenet
Available from: 2009-12-06 Created: 2009-12-06 Last updated: 2017-12-12Bibliographically approved
11. Millimeter-wave tapered slot antenna for integration on micromachined low resistivity silicon substrates
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Millimeter-wave tapered slot antenna for integration on micromachined low resistivity silicon substrates
Show others...
2009 (English)In: IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology, iWAT 2009: Small and Smart Antennas Metamaterials and Applications, 2009, p. 1-4Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
National Category
Signal Processing
Research subject
Engineering Science with specialization in Microwave Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-111194 (URN)10.1109/IWAT.2009.4906949 (DOI)978-1-4244-4395-6 (ISBN)
Conference
IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology
Available from: 2009-12-06 Created: 2009-12-06 Last updated: 2016-04-14Bibliographically approved
12. Array antenna for body-worn automotive harmonic radar tag
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Array antenna for body-worn automotive harmonic radar tag
2009 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
National Category
Signal Processing
Research subject
Engineering Science with specialization in Microwave Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-111195 (URN)
Conference
The 3rd European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
Projects
WISENET
Available from: 2009-12-06 Created: 2009-12-06 Last updated: 2016-04-14
13. Compact integrated slot array antennas for the 79 GHz automotive band
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Compact integrated slot array antennas for the 79 GHz automotive band
2009 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-111196 (URN)
Conference
The 39th European Microwave Conference
Available from: 2009-12-06 Created: 2009-12-06 Last updated: 2016-04-14Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(3354 kB)6194 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 3354 kBChecksum SHA-512
78118ce85d3dac9b924725e2cda9ef6894460d4989ee42205a25cf9e27d75c244b01e477430fb7d680d77b0c2114ee69f116253fe5db804b69ec80ff9c15defc
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Authority records

Cheng, Shi

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Cheng, Shi
By organisation
Microwave and Terahertz Technology
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 6252 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

isbn
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

isbn
urn-nbn
Total: 2460 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf