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Complement component C3 binds to activated normal platelets without preceding proteolytic activation and promotes binding to complement receptor 1
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Immunology. (Complement And Biomaterials)
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2010 (English)In: Journal of Immunology, ISSN 0022-1767, E-ISSN 1550-6606, Vol. 184, no 5, p. 2686-2692Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

It has been reported that complement is activated on the surface of activated platelets, despite the presence of multiple regulators of complement activation. To reinvestigate the mechanisms by which activated platelets bind to complement components, the presence of complement proteins on the surfaces of nonactivated and thrombin receptor-activating peptide-activated platelets was analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blot analyses. C1q, C4, C3, and C9 were found to bind to thrombin receptor-activating peptide-activated platelets in lepirudin-anticoagulated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and whole blood. However, inhibiting complement activation at the C1q or C3 level did not block the binding of C3 to activated platelets. Diluting PRP and chelating divalent cations also had no effect, further indicating that the deposition of complement components was independent of complement activation. Furthermore, washed, activated platelets bound added C1q and C3 to the same extent as platelets in PRP. The use of mAbs against different forms of C3 demonstrated that the bound C3 consisted of C3(H(2)O). Furthermore, exogenously added soluble complement receptor 1 was shown to bind to this form of platelet-bound C3. These observations indicate that there is no complement activation on the surface of platelets under physiological conditions. This situation is in direct contrast to a number of pathological conditions in which regulators of complement activation are lacking and thrombocytopenia and thrombotic disease are the ultimate result. However, the generation of C3(H(2)O) represents nonproteolytic activation of C3 and after factor I cleavage may act as a ligand for receptor binding.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2010. Vol. 184, no 5, p. 2686-2692
Keywords [en]
complement, platelet activation, TRAP, complement component 3, chondroitin sulfate
National Category
Immunology in the medical area
Research subject
Clinical Immunology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-123613DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902810ISI: 000274768900054PubMedID: 20139276OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-123613DiVA, id: diva2:315044
Projects
Platelet Mediated Complement ActivationAvailable from: 2010-04-28 Created: 2010-04-28 Last updated: 2022-01-28Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Crosstalk Between Activated Platelets and the Complement System
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Crosstalk Between Activated Platelets and the Complement System
2010 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Several studies have shown that complement and thrombotic events co-exist. Platelets have been suspected to act as the bridge between the two cascade systems.

To study the platelet-induced complement activation we developed a system in which platelets were activated by thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP) in platelet rich plasma (PRP) or whole blood anti-coagulated using the specific thrombin inhibitor, lepirudin.

TRAP-activated platelets induced a fluid-phase complement activation measured as generation of C3a and sC5b-9, triggered by released chondroitin sulphate-A (CS-A) which interacted with C1q and activated the complement system through the classical pathway.

Complement components C1q, C3, C4 and C9 were also shown to bind to TRAP-activated platelets but this binding did not seem to be due to a complement activation since blocking of complement activation at the C1q or C3 levels did not affect the binding of the complement proteins. The C3 which bound to activated platelets consisted of C3(H2O), indicating that bound C3 was not proteolytically activated. Binding of C1q was partially dependent on CS-A exposure on activated platelets. The abolished complement activation on the surface of activated platelets was suggested to be dependent on the involvement of several complement inhibitors. We confirmed the binding of C1INH and factor H to activated platelets. To this list we have added another potent complement inhibitor, C4BP. The binding of factor H and C4BP was shown to be dependent on exposure of CS-A on activated platelets.

The physiological relevance of these reactions was reflected in an elevated expression of CD11b on leukocytes, and increased generation of platelet-leukocyte complexes. The platelets were involved in these events by at least two different mechanisms; generation of C5a which activated leukocytes and binding of C3(H2O)/iC3(H2O), a ligand to the intergrin CD11b/CD18 on their surface.

These mechanisms add further to the understanding of how platelets interact with the complement system and will help us to understand the role of the complement system in cardiovascular disease and thrombotic conditions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2010. p. 82
Series
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine, ISSN 1651-6206 ; 567
Keywords
platelets, activated platelets, TRAP, chondroitin sulfate, C1q, factor H, C4BP, C3, Compstatin, complement, platelet-leukocyte complexes, platelet microparticles
National Category
Immunology in the medical area
Research subject
Clinical Immunology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-123681 (URN)978-91-554-7822-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2010-06-01, Rudbecksalen, Rudbeck Laboratory, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala, 09:15 (Swedish)
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Supervisors
Projects
Platelet Mediated Complement Activation
Available from: 2010-05-11 Created: 2010-04-28 Last updated: 2018-01-12Bibliographically approved

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Hamad, Osama A.

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