Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>2014 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]
Patients with type-1 diabetes lose their β-cells after autoimmune attack. Islet transplantation is a co-option for curing this disease, but survival of transplanted islets is poor. Thus, methods to enhance β-cell viability and function as well as methods to expand β-cell mass are required. The work presented in this thesis aimed to study the roles of neural crest stem cells or their derivatives in supporting β-cell proliferation, function, and survival.
In co-culture when mouse boundary cap neural crest stem cells (bNCSCs) and pancreatic islets were in direct contact, differentiating bNCSCs strongly induced β-cell proliferation, and these proliferating β-cells were glucose responsive in terms of insulin secretion. Moreover, co-culture of murine bNCSCs with β-cell lines RIN5AH and β-TC6 showed partial protection of β-cells against cytokine-induced β-cell death. Direct contacts between bNCSCs and β-cells increased β-cell viability, and led to cadherin and β-catenin accumulations at the bNCSC/β-cell junctions. We proposed that cadherin junctions supported signals which promoted β-cell survival. We further revealed that murine neural crest stem cells harvested from hair follicles were unable to induce β-cell proliferation, and did not form cadherin junctions when cultured with pancreatic islets. Finally, we discovered that the presence of bNCSCs in co-culture counteracted cytokine-mediated insulin-producing human EndoC-βH1 cell death. Furthermore, these two cell types formed N-cadherin, but not E-cadherin, junctions when they were in direct contact. In conclusion, the results of these studies illustrate how neural crest stem cells influence β-cell proliferation, function, and survival which may improve islet transplantation outcome.
Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2014. s. 67
Serie
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine, ISSN 1651-6206 ; 1037
Nyckelord
Neural Crest Stem Cells, Pancreatic Islets, β-cell proliferation, β-cell survival, Cadherin
Nationell ämneskategori
Neurovetenskaper
Forskningsämne
Medicinsk vetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-233157 (URN)978-91-554-9056-0 (ISBN)
Disputation
2014-11-18, B/B7:113a, Biomedical center, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, 13:15 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
2014-10-272014-09-292018-01-11