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Effects of linear amphiphilicity on membrane interactions of C-terminal thrombin peptides
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
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2014 (English)In: RSC Advances, E-ISSN 2046-2069, Vol. 4, no 71, p. 37582-37591Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Effects of linear amphiphilicity on membrane interactions of antimicrobial peptides were investigated by ellipsometry, dual polarization interferometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, light scattering, and circular dichroism. In doing so, the thrombin-derived GKY25 (GKYGFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE) was compared to WFF25 (WFFFYYLIIGGGVVTHQQRKKKKDE) of identical composition, but with amino acids sorted according to hydrophobicity, the latter peptide thus displaying pronounced linear amphiphilicity. In addition, GKY25d (GKYG(f) YTH(v) FRL(k) KWI(q) KVI(d) QFGE; with an identical sequence but with selected D-amino acid substitutions) was included as a control peptide, for which conformationally induced (helix-related) amphiphilicity was suppressed. Through its pronounced linear amphiphilicity, WFF25, but not the less amphiphilic GKY25 and GKY25d, forms aggregates in solution. Through its terminal W/F stretch, WFF25 also displays pronounced selectivity, with higher membrane binding and liposome rupture than GKY25 and GKY25d for anionic membranes, but suppressed peptide insertion and lytic effects for zwitterionic ones. In addition, WFF25 binds extensively to anionic polyelectrolyte components in bacterial membranes, i.e., lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid, resulting in reduced antimicrobial effects through peptide scavenging, not seen for the less amphiphilic GKY25 and GKY25d peptides. Taken together, the results thus demonstrate a series of striking effects for highly amphiphilic peptides, which need to be recognized in the development of such compounds as potential peptide therapeutics.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2014. Vol. 4, no 71, p. 37582-37591
National Category
Clinical Medicine Chemical Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-233621DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05420bISI: 000341454600018OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-233621DiVA, id: diva2:753282
Available from: 2014-10-07 Created: 2014-10-07 Last updated: 2022-09-15Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Amphiphilic Peptide Interactions with Complex Biological Membranes: Effect of peptide properties on antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Amphiphilic Peptide Interactions with Complex Biological Membranes: Effect of peptide properties on antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects
2016 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

With increasing problem of resistance development in bacteria against conventional antibiotics, as well as problems associated with diseases either triggered or enhanced by infection, there is an urgent need to identify new types of effective therapeutics for the treatment of infectious diseases and its consequences. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory peptides have attracted considerable interest as potential new antibiotics in this context. While antimicrobial function of such peptides is being increasingly understood demonstrated to be due to bacterial membrane disruption, the mechanisms of their anti-inflammatory function are poorly understood. Since bacterial membrane component lipopolysaccharide triggers inflammation, this thesis aims at clarifying importance of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-peptide interactions while investigating possible modes of action of peptides exhibiting anti-inflammatory effect. Furthermore, effect of poly(ethylene)glycol (PEG)-conjugation was investigated to increase performance of such peptides.

Results presented in this thesis demonstrate that peptide-induced LPS- and lipid A binding/scavenging is necessary but not sufficient criterium for anti-inflammatory effects of peptides. Furthermore, preferential binding to LPS over lipid membrane, as well as higher binding affinity to the lipid A moiety within LPS, are seen for these peptides. In addition, results demonstrate that apart from direct LPS scavenging, membrane-localized peptide-induced LPS scavenging seem to contribute partially to anti-inflammatory effect. Furthermore, fragmentation and densification of LPS aggregates, in turn dependent on the peptide secondary structure on LPS binding, as well as aromatic packing interactions, correlate to the anti-inflammatory effect, thus promoting peptide-induced packing transition in LPS aggregates as key for anti-inflammatory functionality. Thus, peptide-induced LPS aggregate disruption together with reduction of the negative charge of LPS suggests the importance of phagocytosis as an alternative to the inflammatory pathway, which needs to be further investigated. Furthermore, PEG conjugation of peptide results in strongly reduced toxicity at a cost of reduced antimicrobial activity but markedly retained anti-inflammatory effect.

Taken together, the results obtained in this work have demonstrated several key issues which need to be taken into consideration in the development of effective and selective anti-inflammatory peptide therapeutics for the treatment of severe Gram-negative bacterial infections.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2016. p. 64
Series
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Pharmacy, ISSN 1651-6192 ; 216
Keywords
LPS, Antimicrobial, Peptide, Inflammation, Infections, Liposome, Binding, PEG
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Research subject
Pharmaceutical Physical Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-282781 (URN)978-91-554-9559-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2016-06-03, B41, BMC, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, Uppsala, 09:15 (English)
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Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Research Council
Available from: 2016-05-13 Created: 2016-04-06 Last updated: 2018-05-15

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Singh, ShaliniMalmsten, Martin

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