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Modelling the effects of surface heterogeneity on the internal boundary layer during a diurnal cycle
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2866-8702
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Wind Energy.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5443-3173
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

To characterize the effects of subgrid surface heterogeneity, the blending height concept has been developed as a coupling strategy for surface parameterization schemes used in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Previous modelling studies have tested this concept using stationary conditions with one-dimensional strips of surface roughness. Here, Large Eddy Simulations (LES) are used to examine the response of the blending height and effective surface roughness to two-dimensional chessboard patterns of alternating high and low vegetation given a diurnal cycle of solar irradiance. In each experiment, the length scale of the roughness elements is increased while the total domain fraction of each vegetation type is kept constant. The effective surface roughness was found to decrease with increasing length scale of surface cover heterogeneity, which is shown to have a significant impact on estimated wind turbine power calculated from logarithmic wind profiles. In stable conditions, the blending height in cases with large heterogeneity length scales was found to exist well above the surface layer. As the behavior of the blending height has implications for coupled models, a simple model for the blending height as a function of heterogeneity length scale is introduced.

Keywords [en]
Onshore wind energy, Cold Climate, Land Cover, Icing
National Category
Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences
Research subject
Meteorology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-470309OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-470309DiVA, id: diva2:1646988
Projects
Energimyndigheten contract number P44988-1
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, P44988-1
Note

This is a draft of a manuscript that will be submitted to the American Meteorological Society Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology and E. Janzon's licentiate thesis. 

Available from: 2022-03-24 Created: 2022-03-24 Last updated: 2025-02-07
In thesis
1. Local Effects On Icing Forecasts for Wind Power In Cold Climate
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Local Effects On Icing Forecasts for Wind Power In Cold Climate
2022 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis will examine the local effects of land cover on icing forecasts. In Paper I, a single column model was used to test the sensitivity of icing forecasts to land cover fraction. Here, the ice accretion forecast was found to be highly sensitive to the wind magnitude response to the surface roughness. Diabatic effects related to the surface albedo played a secondary role, significant in cases with strong solar irradiance. Paper II examined the impact of 2-dimensional patterns of land cover heterogeneity on the effective surface roughness and blending height using large eddy simulation over a diurnal cycle of solar irradiance. The blending height--or the elevation at which the atmospheric response to the underlying land cover becomes horizontally homogeneous--has been proposed as a guide for coupling numerical weather models to surface parameterizations. In stable conditions, when the atmospheric boundary layer height was shallow, the blending height over surfaces with large heterogeneity length scale was found to be much lower than that of analytical models from previous studies. A new formula for a dynamic blending height was proposed taking this effect into account. The effective surface roughness was found to decrease with increasing land cover heterogeneity. The wind power response from an idealized wind turbine with 80-meter hub height to the effective surface roughness was shown, with a positive response in wind power with increasing land cover heterogeneity. The wind power response was smaller and less systematic with wind turbines extending above the blending height, further highlighting the utility of an accurate formulation for this variable.

Abstract [sv]

I den här avhandligen undersöks de lokala effekterna av landtäcke på isbildningsprognoser. I artikel I användes en enkolumns-modell för att testa känsligheten hos isbildningsprognoser för olika andelar landtäcke. Här visade sig isbildningsprognosen vara mycket känslig för ytans påverkan på vindstyrkan. Diabatiska effekter relaterade till ytalbedo spelade en sekundär roll, speciellt i fall med stark solinstrålning. Artikel II undersökte hur  tvådimensionella mönster i landtäckets heterogenitet påverkade den effektiva ytjämnheten och blandningshöjden med hjälp av simuleringar av en stor virvel under en dygnscykel av solinstrålning. Blandningshöjden - eller den höjd vid vilken atmosfärens respons på det underliggande marktäcket blir horisontellt homogent - har föreslagits fungera som  guide för  hur man kan koppla numeriska vädermodeller till ytparameteriseringar. Under stabila förhållanden, när den atmosfäriska gränsskiktshöjden var låg, visade sig blandningshöjden över ytor med stor heterogenitetslängdskala vara mycket lägre än den från analytiska modeller från tidigare studier. En ny formel för att beräkna dynamisk blandningshöjd föreslogs med hänsyn till denna effekt. Den effektiva ytjämnheten visade sig minska med ökande heterogenitet i landtäcket. Responsen med avseende på den effektiva ytjämnheten visades för en ideal vindturbin med 80 meters navhöjd , med en ökning i vindkraftsproduktion med ökande heterogenitet i landtäcket. Påverkan på produktionen var både mindre i allmänhet och även mindre systematisk för vindkraftverk som sträckte sig över blandningshöjden, vilket ytterligare understryker behovet av en exakt formulering av denna variabel. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Uppsala universitet, 2022. p. 33
National Category
Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-470310 (URN)
Presentation
2022-04-08, Luftrummet, Villavägen 6, Uppsala, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, P44988-1
Available from: 2022-03-30 Created: 2022-03-24 Last updated: 2025-02-07Bibliographically approved

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Janzon, ErikArnqvist, JohanRutgersson, Anna

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