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As September 2021 marks 20 years of the US-led War against Terror and the invasion of Afghanistan, the Taliban currently is taking a seat in Kabul, only days after American troops left the country. The understanding of the failure of the Afghan Peace Talks between 2018-2021 has been looked at from different aspects, but it is important to note there is no independent line of religion between the Taliban and the Afghans, but rather a strong interplay between conflicting moral positions where the Taliban pray on the weak to religiously validate their position and the Afghan government firmly positions itself opposite of the Taliban but does not always do much better when it comes to the inclusion of women and minorities.The hopes of change for a peaceful future in the Afghan society with the arrival of US military troops in 2001 have stayed unfulfilled: the US ignored e.g., the structure of tribal networks of the country, their historical development, and struggled to take responsibility for nation-building efforts, and above all, demonstrated the inability to accept Islam as anything but a terrorism belief which led to a dramatic comeback of the revitalized Taliban. This thesis aims to understand how religion has been a factor in nation-building efforts in Afghanistan as well as the direct outcomes of inclusion of women and minorities, who are currently daily in the international news and high on the agenda of the international diplomatic community.