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Calling in the CaValry-Toxoplasma gondii Hijacks GABAergic Signaling and Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channel Signaling for Trojan horse-Mediated Dissemination
Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute (MBW), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7116-0939
Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute (MBW), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
2019 (English)In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, E-ISSN 2235-2988, Vol. 9, article id 61Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Dendritic cells (DCs) are regarded as the gatekeepers of the immune system but can also mediate systemic dissemination of the obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Here, we review the current knowledge on how T. gondii hijacks the migratory machinery of DCs and microglia. Shortly after active invasion by the parasite, infected cells synthesize and secrete the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and activate GABA-A receptors, which sets on a hypermigratory phenotype in parasitized DCs in vitro and in vivo. The signaling molecule calcium plays a central role for this migratory activation as signal transduction following GABAergic activation is mediated via the L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel (L-VDCC) subtype Cav1.3. These studies have revealed that DCs possess a GABA/L-VDCC/Cav1.3 motogenic signaling axis that triggers migratory activation upon T. gondii infection. Moreover, GABAergic migration can cooperate with chemotactic responses. Additionally, the parasite-derived protein Tg14-3-3 has been associated with hypermigration of DCs and microglia. We discuss the interference of T. gondii infection with host cell signaling pathways that regulate migration. Altogether, T. gondii hijacks non-canonical signaling pathways in infected immune cells to modulate their migratory properties, and thereby promote its own dissemination.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Frontiers Media S.A., 2019. Vol. 9, article id 61
Keywords [en]
CNS infection, GABA receptor, apicomplexa, dendritic cell, microglia, motility
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-501268DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00061PubMedID: 30949456OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-501268DiVA, id: diva2:1754727
Available from: 2023-05-04 Created: 2023-05-04 Last updated: 2023-07-05Bibliographically approved

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Bhandage, Amol

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