The chapter examines petitions as a tool for peasant political participation in the Russian Empire’s Grand Duchy of Finland in the 1860s and 1870s. It explores how and for what kind of purposes peasants and local peasant meetings used petitions. The Finnish national representative assembly, the Diet of the Estates, was the last in Europe to include the landowning peasants as the fourth estate. When the Diet of Finland convened in 1863, after a more than 50-year hiatus, none of the estate members or electors had experience in national representative politics. The chapter examines how local meetings and electors of the Peasant Estate in the 1860s and 1870s aimed to resolve the challenges of the new situation, gain knowledge of, and conceptualize the practices of political representation, and make their voices heard in national politics. Moreover, the chapter explores to what extent the petition work involved subaltern groups of the rural communities, for instance non-landowning groups. The chapter highlights a shift in petitioning practices. In the context of emerging national representation, local petitions were increasingly framed in terms of the national political agenda, and electoral districts began to cooperate in formulating joint petitions.