Logo: to the web site of Uppsala University

uu.sePublications from Uppsala University
Change search
Refine search result
1234567 1 - 50 of 551
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1.
    Abeid, Muzdalifat
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Muganyizi, Projestine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Olsson, Pia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Darj, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Axemo, Pia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Community perceptions of rape and child sexual abuse: a qualitative study in rural Tanzania2014In: BMC International Health and Human Rights, E-ISSN 1472-698X, Vol. 14, p. 23-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Rape of women and children is recognized as a health and human rights issue in Tanzania and internationally. Exploration of the prevailing perceptions in rural areas is needed in order to expand the understanding of sexual violence in the diversity of Tanzania's contexts. The aim of this study therefore was to explore and understand perceptions of rape of women and children at the community level in a rural district in Tanzania with the added objective of exploring those perceptions that may contribute to perpetuating and/or hindering the disclosure of rape incidences. Methods: A qualitative design was employed using focus group discussions with male and female community members including religious leaders, professionals, and other community members. The discussions centered on causes of rape, survivors of rape, help-seeking and reporting, and gathered suggestions on measures for improvement. Six focus group discussions (four of single gender and two of mixed gender) were conducted. The focus group discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using manifest qualitative content analysis. Results: The participants perceived rape of women and children to be a frequent and hidden phenomenon. A number of factors were singled out as contributing to rape, such as erosion of social norms, globalization, poverty, vulnerability of children, alcohol/drug abuse and poor parental care. Participants perceived the need for educating the community to raise their knowledge of sexual violence and its consequences, and their roles as preventive agents. Conclusions: In this rural context, social norms reinforce sexual violence against women and children, and hinder them from seeking help from support services. Addressing the identified challenges may promote help-seeking behavior and improve care of survivors of sexual violence, while changes in social and cultural norms are needed for the prevention of sexual violence.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 2.
    Accordini, Simone
    et al.
    Univ Verona, Dept Diagnost & Publ Hlth, Unit Epidemiol & Med Stat, Verona, Italy..
    Calciano, Lucia
    Univ Verona, Dept Diagnost & Publ Hlth, Unit Epidemiol & Med Stat, Verona, Italy..
    Marcon, Alessandro
    Univ Verona, Dept Diagnost & Publ Hlth, Unit Epidemiol & Med Stat, Verona, Italy..
    Pesce, Giancarlo
    Univ Verona, Dept Diagnost & Publ Hlth, Unit Epidemiol & Med Stat, Verona, Italy.;Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, UMR S 1136, IPLESP,Team EPAR, F-75012 Paris, France..
    Ant, Josep M.
    Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.;Hosp del Mar Med Res Inst IMIM, Barcelona, Spain.;CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain.;Univ Pompeu Fabra UPF, Barcelona, Spain..
    Beckmeyer-Borowko, Anna B.
    Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland.;Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland..
    Carsin, Anne-Elie
    Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.;CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain.;Univ Pompeu Fabra UPF, Barcelona, Spain..
    Corsico, Angelo G.
    Univ Pavia, San Matteo Hosp Fdn, IRCCS, Div Resp Dis, Pavia, Italy..
    Imboden, Medea
    Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland.;Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland..
    Janson, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Keidel, Dirk
    Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland.;Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland..
    Locatelli, Francesca
    Univ Verona, Dept Diagnost & Publ Hlth, Unit Epidemiol & Med Stat, Verona, Italy..
    Svanes, Cecilie
    Univ Bergen, Dept Global Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Ctr Int Hlth, Bergen, Norway.;Haukeland Hosp, Dept Occupat Med, Bergen, Norway..
    Burney, Peter G. J.
    Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Populat Hlth & Occupat Dis, London, England.;Imperial Coll London, MRC PHE Ctr Environm & Hlth, London, England..
    Jarvis, Deborah
    Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Populat Hlth & Occupat Dis, London, England.;Imperial Coll London, MRC PHE Ctr Environm & Hlth, London, England..
    Probst-Hensch, Nicole M.
    Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland.;Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland..
    Minelli, Cosetta
    Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Populat Hlth & Occupat Dis, London, England..
    Incidence trends of airflow obstruction among European adults without asthma: a 20-year cohort study2020In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 10, no 1, article id 3452Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Investigating COPD trends may help healthcare providers to forecast future disease burden. We estimated sex- and smoking-specific incidence trends of pre-bronchodilator airflow obstruction (AO) among adults without asthma from 11 European countries within a 20-year follow-up (ECRHS and SAPALDIA cohorts). We also quantified the extent of misclassification in the definition based on pre-bronchodilator spirometry (using post-bronchodilator measurements from a subsample of subjects) and we used this information to estimate the incidence of post-bronchodilator AO (AO(post-BD)), which is the primary characteristic of COPD. AO incidence was 4.4 (95% CI: 3.5-5.3) male and 3.8 (3.1-4.6) female cases/1,000/year. Among ever smokers (median pack-years: 20, males; 12, females), AO incidence significantly increased with ageing in men only [incidence rate ratio (IRR), 1-year increase: 1.05 (1.03-1.07)]. A strong exposure-response relationship with smoking was found both in males [IRR, 1-pack-year increase: 1.03 (1.02-1.04)] and females [1.03 (1.02-1.05)]. The positive predictive value of AO for AO(post-BD) was 59.1% (52.0-66.2%) in men and 42.6% (35.1-50.1%) in women. AO(post-BD) incidence was 2.6 (1.7-3.4) male and 1.6 (1.0-2.2) female cases/1,000/year. AO incidence was considerable in Europe and the sex-specific ageing-related increase among ever smokers was strongly related to cumulative tobacco exposure. AO(post-BD) incidence is expected to be half of AO incidence.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 3.
    Adman, M. A.
    et al.
    Univ Selangor, Dept Hlth Sci, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia.;United Nat Univ Kuala Lumpur, Int Inst Global Hlth, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia..
    Hashim, J. H.
    Univ Selangor, Dept Hlth Sci, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia.;United Nat Univ Kuala Lumpur, Int Inst Global Hlth, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia..
    Manaf, M. R. A.
    Natl Univ Malaysia, Dept Community Hlth, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia..
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Associations between air pollutants and peak expiratory flow and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in students2020In: The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, ISSN 1027-3719, E-ISSN 1815-7920, Vol. 24, no 2, p. 189-+Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Studies on the effects of outdoor air pollution on the respiratory health of students in tropical countries such as Malaysia are limited. OBJECTIVE: To assess associations between outdoor air pollutants and peak expiratory flow (PEF) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). METHOD: PEF and FeNO levels of 487 students recruited in Melaka and Putrajaya, Malaysia, were measured in April and June 2014. Multiple linear regression with mutual adjustment was used to analyse the associations between exposure to air pollution and health. RESULTS: PEF was significantly associated with ozone for 1-day exposure (beta = -13.3 l/min, 95% CI -22.7 to -3.8), carbon monoxide for 2-day exposure (beta =-57.2 l/min, 95% CI -90.7 to -23.7) and particulate matter <= 10 mu m in diameter for 3-day exposure (beta =-6.0 l/min, 95% CI -9.2 to -2.8) and 7-day exposure (beta = -8.6 l/min, 95% CI -13.0 to -4.1). Stratified analysis showed that associations between PEF and outdoor air pollutant exposures were similar in students with and without elevated FeNO levels. CONCLUSION: Outdoor air pollution in Malaysia may cause airway obstruction unrelated to eosinophilic airway inflammation among students as measured using FeNO.

  • 4. Adrian, L.
    et al.
    Svanes, C.
    Johannessen, A.
    Lodge, C.
    Bertelsen, R.
    Dratva, J.
    Forsberg, B.
    Gislason, T.
    Benedikstdottir, B.
    Holm, M.
    Jogi, R.
    Modig, L.
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Omenaas, E.
    Real, F.
    Schlunssen, V
    Sigsgaard, T.
    Skorge, T.
    Timm, S.
    Wieslander, Gunilla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Janson, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Dharmage, S.
    Early life parental exposure to cats and dogs reduces the risk of allergic disease in their children: possible intergenerational effect2014In: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, ISSN 0105-4538, E-ISSN 1398-9995, Vol. 69, p. 577-578Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 5.
    Ahlroth Pind, Caroline
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Gunnbjörnsdottír, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research. National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
    Bjerg, A
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Järvholm, B
    Umeå Univ, Umeå, Sweden.
    Lundbäck, B
    Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Malinovschi, Andrei
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology.
    Middelveld, R
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Nilsson Sommar, J
    Umeå Univ, Umeå, Sweden.
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Janson, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Patient-reported signs of dampness at home may be a risk factor for chronic rhinosinusitis: A cross-sectional study2017In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy, ISSN 0954-7894, E-ISSN 1365-2222, Vol. 47, no 11, p. 1383-1389Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: An association between dampness at home and respiratory conditions has been convincingly demonstrated in children. Fewer studies have been performed in adults, and data are lacking for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). With a prevalence of 10.9% in Europe, CRS imposes a significant burden on quality of life, as well as economy.

    OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to study CRS and other respiratory conditions in relation to dampness at home in a representative sample of adults.

    METHODS: The Swedish GA2 LEN questionnaire was answered by 26 577 adults (16-75 years) and included questions on respiratory symptoms, smoking, education and environmental exposure. CRS was defined according to the EP3 OS criteria. Dampness was defined as reporting water damage, floor dampness or visible moulds in the home during the last 12 months. The dampness score was ranked from 0 to 3, counting the number of signs of dampness reported.

    RESULTS: Dampness at home was reported by 11.3% and was independently related to respiratory conditions after adjustment for demographic and socio-economic factors and smoking: CRS odds ratio (OR) 1.71; allergic rhinitis OR 1.24; current asthma OR 1.21; wheeze OR 1.37; nocturnal dyspnoea OR 1.80; nocturnal coughing OR 1.34; and chronic bronchitis OR 1.64. The risk of CRS and most of the other respiratory conditions was further elevated in subjects reporting multiple signs of dampness.

    CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study demonstrated an independent association between dampness at home and CRS in adults. The high burden of this and the other respiratory conditions studied is a strong argument in favour of countering indoor dampness by improving building standards.

  • 6.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    et al.
    Univ Gävle, Fac Hlth & Occupat Studies, Dept Social Work & Criminol, Gävle, Sweden..
    Zandi, Saeid
    Allameh Tabatabai Univ, Fac Psychol & Educ, Dept Counseling, Tehran, Iran..
    Cetrez, Önver
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Department of Theology.
    Akhavan, Sharareh
    Univ Gävle, Fac Hlth & Occupat Studies, Dept Social Work & Criminol, Gävle, Sweden..
    Job satisfaction and challenges of working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study in a Swedish academic setting2022In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 71, no 2, p. 357-370Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic changed the academic world in various ways, and most universities are still closed and continue operating via teleworking. OBJECTIVE: This study is intended to investigate how university faculty/staff and students in Sweden have coped with the lockdown and working/studying from home during the pandemic. METHODS: A survey was conducted among 277 women and men working and studying at different universities in Sweden. RESULTS: The results indicate that most (61%) respondents were very or somewhat satisfied with the current work-fromhome arrangement. Additionally, they indicate that, overall, almost 30% were working more than usual due to the pandemic and teleworking. The coping methods having the highest impact on overall job satisfaction were . "thinking about what I can do rather than what I can't do"; "being able to access medical resources and medical services if I need to seek help"; and "having trust in state or health authorities in my country." CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals that Sweden can serve as a good example of how university faculty/staff and students can address the occupational challenges caused by a health pandemic and possible subsequent quarantines.

  • 7. Aili, K
    et al.
    Nyman, T
    Svartengren, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Hillert, L
    Sleep as a predictive factor for the onset and resolution of multi-site pain: A 5-year prospective study2015In: European Journal of Pain, ISSN 1090-3801, E-ISSN 1532-2149, Vol. 19, no 3, p. 341-349Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Disturbed sleep and pain often co-exist and the relationship between the two conditions is complex and likely reciprocal. This 5-year prospective study examines whether disturbed sleep can predict the onset of multi-site pain, and whether non-disturbed sleep can predict the resolution of multi-site pain.

    METHODS: The cohort (n = 1599) was stratified by the number of self-reported pain sites: no pain, pain from 1-2 sites and multi-site pain (≥3 pain sites). Sleep was categorized by self-reported sleep disturbance: sleep A (best sleep), sleep B and sleep C (worst sleep). In the no-pain and pain-from-1-2 sites strata, the association between sleep (A, B and C) and multi-site pain 5 years later was analysed. Further, the prognostic value of sleep for the resolution of multi-site pain at follow-up was calculated for the stratum with multi-site pain at baseline. In the analyses, gender, age, body mass index, smoking, physical activity and work-related exposures were treated as potential confounders.

    RESULTS: For individuals with no pain at baseline, a significantly higher odds ratio for multi-site pain 5 years later was seen for the tertile reporting worst sleep [odds ratio (OR) 4.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28-16.12]. Non-disturbed (or less disturbed) sleep had a significant effect when predicting the resolution of multi-site pain (to no pain) (OR 3.96; 95% CI 1.69-9.31).

    CONCLUSION: In conclusion, sleep could be relevant for predicting both the onset and the resolution of multi-site pain. It seems to be a significant factor to include in research on multi-site pain and when conducting or evaluating intervention programmes for pain.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 8.
    Aili, Katarina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Department of Health and Sport, School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University.
    Hellman, Therese
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Svartengren, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Danielsson, Katarina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry.
    Including a Three-Party Meeting Using the Demand and Ability Protocol in an Interdisciplinary Pain Rehabilitation Programme for a Successful Return to Work Process2022In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ISSN 1661-7827, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 19, no 24, article id 16614Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Demand and Ability Protocol (DAP) is used in three-party meetings involving an employee, an employer, and a representative from the rehabilitation team. The aim of this study is to investigate the inclusion of an intervention using the DAP in an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programme (IPRP) compared to usual care. This non-randomised controlled trial included patients assigned to an IPRP in Sweden. The intervention group received a DAP intervention targeting their work situation in addition to the usual care provided by the IPRP. The control group received IPRP only. Outcome measures were collected from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation. Results demonstrated improvements in both groups regarding self-reported anxiety, depression and EQ5D. Sleep was improved in the intervention group but not in the control group. No statistical differences in outcomes were observed between the groups. In conclusion, adding the DAP intervention to IPRP seemed to have the potential to improve sleep among the patients, which may indicate an overall improvement regarding health outcomes from a longer perspective. The results were less clear, however, regarding the work-related outcomes of sickness absence and workability.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 9. Aili, Katarina
    et al.
    Nyman, Teresia
    Hillert, Lena
    Svartengren, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Sleep disturbances predict future sickness absence among individuals with lower back or neck-shoulder pain: A 5-year prospective study2015In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 43, no 3, p. 315-323Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most common causes of sickness absence. Sleep disturbances are often co-occurring with pain, but the relationship between sleep and pain is complex. Little is known about the importance of self-reported sleep, when predicting sickness absence among persons with musculoskeletal pain. This study aims to study the association between self-reported sleep quality and sickness absence 5 years later, among individuals stratified by presence of lower back pain (LBP) and neck and shoulder pain (NSP). Methods: The cohort (n = 2286) in this 5-year prospective study (using data from the MUSIC-Norrtalje study) was stratified by self-reported pain into three groups: no LBP or NSP, solely LBP or NSP, and oncurrent LBP and NSP. Odds ratios (ORs) for the effect of self-reported sleep disturbances at baseline on sickness absence (> 14 consecutive days), 5 years later, were calculated. Results: Within all three pain strata, individuals reporting the most sleep problems showed a significantly higher OR for all-cause sickness absence, 5 years later. The group with the most pronounced sleep problems within the concurrent LBP and NSP stratum had a significantly higher OR (OR 2.00; CI 1.09-3.67) also for long-term sickness absence (> 90days) 5 years later, compared to the group with the best sleep. Conclusions: Sleep disturbances predict sickness absence among individuals regardless of co-existing features of LBP and/or NSP. The clinical evaluation of patients should take possible sleep disturbances into account in the planning of treatments.

  • 10.
    Aili, Katarina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Department of Health and Sport, School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Svartengren, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Danielsson, Katarina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry.
    Johansson, Elin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Central Hospital in Karlstad, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Hellman, Therese
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Active engagement of managers in employee RTW and manager-employee relationship: managers’ experiences of participating in a dialogue using the Demand and Ability Protocol2023In: Disability and Rehabilitation, ISSN 0963-8288, E-ISSN 1464-5165, Vol. 45, no 26, p. 4394-4403Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To describe how managers of employees on sick-leave, due to chronic pain conditions, experience participating in a three-party meeting using the Demand and Ability Protocol (DAP) in the return-to-work process.

    Materials and methods: This study is based on individual semi-structured interviews with 17 managers of employees with chronic pain. Interviews were conducted after participating in a three-party meeting including the employee, manager, and a representative from the rehabilitation team. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis with an inductive approach.

    Results: Two main themes were identified - "to converse with a clear structure and setup" and "to be involved in the employee's rehabilitation." The first theme describe experiences from the conversation, and the second theme reflected the managers' insights when being involved in the employee's rehabilitation. The themes comprise 11 sub-themes describing how the DAP conversation and the manager ' s involvement in the rehabilitation may influence the manager, the manager-employee relationship, and the organization.

    Conclusions: This study show, from a manager's perspective, how having a dialogue with a clear structure and an active involvement in the employee's rehabilitation may be beneficial for the manager-employee relationship. Insights from participating in the DAP may also be beneficial for the organization.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 11.
    Aili, Katarina
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Occupat Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Åström-Paulsson, Sofia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Stoetzer, Ulrich
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Intervent & Implementat Res, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Svartengren, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Hillert, Lena
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Occupat Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Reliability of Actigraphy and Subjective Sleep Measurements in Adults: the Design of Sleep Assessments2017In: Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM), ISSN 1550-9389, E-ISSN 1550-9397, Vol. 13, no 1, p. 39-47Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    STUDY OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate how many nights of measurement are needed for a reliable measure of sleep in a working population including adult women and men.

    METHODS: In all, 54 individuals participated in the study. Sleep was assessed for 7 consecutive nights using actigraphy as an objective measure, and the Karolinska sleep diary for a subjective measure of quality. Using intra-class correlation and the Spearman-Brown formula, calculations of how many nights of measurements were required for a reliable measure were performed. Differences in reliability according to whether or not weekend measurements were included were investigated. Further, the correlation between objectively (actigraphy) measured sleep and subjectively measured sleep quality was studied over the different days of the week.

    RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: The results concerning actigraphy sleep measures suggest that data from at least 2 nights are to be recommended when assessing sleep percent and at least 5 nights when assessing sleep efficiency. For actigraphy-measured total sleep time, more than 7 nights are needed. At least 6 nights of measurements are required for a reliable measure of self-reported sleep. Fewer nights (days) are required if measurements include only week nights. Overall, there was a low correlation between the investigated actigraphy sleep parameters and subjective sleep quality, suggesting that the two methods of measurement capture different dimensions of sleep.

  • 12.
    Airaksinen, Jaakko
    et al.
    Univ Helsinki, Dept Psychol & Logoped, Med, Haartmaninkatu 3,PL 21, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Dept Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland.
    Ervasti, Jenni
    Department of Occupational Health, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
    Pentti, Jaana
    Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
    Oksanen, Tuula
    Department of Occupational Health, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
    Suominen, Sakari
    Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
    Vahtera, Jussi
    Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
    Virtanen, Marianna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Public Health. Department of Occupational Health, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
    Kivimäki, Mika
    Department of Occupational Health, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
    The effect of smoking cessation on work disability risk: a longitudinal study analysing observational data as non-randomized nested pseudo-trials2019In: International Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0300-5771, E-ISSN 1464-3685, Vol. 48, no 2, p. 415-422Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Smoking increases disability risk, but the extent to which smoking cessation reduces the risk of work disability is unclear. We used non-randomized nested pseudo-trials to estimate the benefits of smoking cessation for preventing work disability.

    Methods

    We analysed longitudinal data on smoking status and work disability [long-term sickness absence (≥90 days) or disability pension] from two independent prospective cohort studies—the Finnish Public Sector study (FPS) (n = 7393) and the Health and Social Support study (HeSSup) (n = 2701)—as ‘nested pseudo-trials’. All the 10 094 participants were smokers at Time 1 and free of long-term work disability at Time 2. We compared the work disability risk after Time 2 of the participants who smoked at Time 1 and Time 2 with that of those who quit smoking between these times.

    Results

    Of the participants in pseudo-trials, 2964 quit smoking between Times 1 and 2. During the mean follow-up of 4.8 to 8.6 years after Time 2, there were 2197 incident cases of work disability across the trials. Quitting smoking was associated with a reduced risk of any work disability [summary hazard ratio = 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81–0.98]. The hazard ratio for the association between quitting smoking and permanent disability pension (928 cases) was of similar magnitude, but less precisely estimated (0.91, 95% CI 0.81–1.02). Among the participants with high scores on the work disability risk score (top third), smoking cessation reduced the risk of disability pension by three percentage points. Among those with a low risk score (bottom third), smoking cessation reduced the risk by half a percentage point.

    Conclusions

    Our results suggest an approximately 10% hazard reduction of work disability as a result of quitting smoking.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 13.
    Akerstrom, Magnus
    et al.
    Inst Stress Med, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Inst Med, Sahlgrenska Acad, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Sengpiel, Verena
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Inst Clin Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Hadzibajramovic, Emina
    Inst Stress Med, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Inst Med, Sahlgrenska Acad, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Carlsson, Ylva
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Inst Clin Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Graner, Sofie
    Karolinska Inst, Ctr Pharmacoepidemiol, Dept Med, Stockholm, Sweden.;Danderyd Hosp, BB Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Andersson, Ola
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Paediat, Lund, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Neonatol, Malmö, Sweden..
    Jonsson, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinical Obstetrics.
    Naurin, Elin
    Univ Gothenburg, Dept Polit Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Veje, Malin
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Inst Biomed, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Infect Dis, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Wessberg, Anna
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Inst Hlth & Care Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Linden, Karolina
    Univ Gothenburg, Inst Hlth & Care Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Inst Hlth & Care Sci, POB 457, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden..
    The COPE Staff study: Study description and initial report regarding job satisfaction, work-life conflicts, stress, and burnout among Swedish maternal and neonatal healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic2023In: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, ISSN 0020-7292, E-ISSN 1879-3479, Vol. 162, no 3, p. 989-997Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    ObjectiveTo describe the study design of the COPE Staff cohort study on working conditions for maternal and neonatal healthcare workers (MNHCWs), and present baseline data regarding job satisfaction, work-life conflicts, stress, and burnout. MethodsBetween January and April 2021, 957 MNHCWs (administrative and medical staff) completed a baseline survey. Average levels of job satisfaction, work-life conflicts, stress, and burnout, and associations to perceived workload were assessed. ResultsThe average levels of job satisfaction, work-life conflicts, stress, and burnout were 68.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] 64.3-72.8), 42.6 (95% CI 37.3-48.0), 42.0 (95% CI 37.7-46.3), and 1.9 (95% CI 1.6-2.2), respectively. The respondents scoring above critical values indicating clinical burnout ranged between 3% and 18%, respectively, for the four burnout sub-dimensions. Women reported significantly higher levels of stress and burnout. Younger participants had lower job satisfaction and higher levels of work-life conflicts, stress, and burnout. Higher perceived workload was significantly associated with lower job satisfaction levels and higher levels of work-life conflicts, stress, and burnout. ConclusionsOur results indicate associations between MNHCWs perceived workload and job satisfaction, work-life conflicts, stress, and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eighteen percent scored above critical values for exhaustion.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 14.
    Akesson, Agneta
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Donat-Vargas, Carolina
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Berglund, Marika
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Glynn, Anders
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Biomed Sci & Vet Publ Hlth, Box 7028, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Wolk, Alicja
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kippler, Maria
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of heart failure - A population-based prospective cohort study2019In: Environment International, ISSN 0160-4120, E-ISSN 1873-6750, Vol. 126, p. 1-6Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Beneficial effects of fish consumption on heart failure (HF) may be modified by contaminants in fish. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are of particular concern as they have been associated with well-established risk factors of HF, but current data are limited. Objectives: We aimed to assess the association between dietary PCB exposure and risk of HF, accounting for dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 fish fatty acids. Design: We used the prospective population-based research structure SIMPLER (previously the Swedish Mammography Cohort and Cohort of Swedish Men) comprising 32,952 women and 36,546 men, free from cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes at baseline in 1997. Validated estimates of dietary PCBs and long-chain omega-3 fish fatty acids [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] were obtained via a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Incident cases of HF were ascertained through register linkage. Results: During an average of 12 years of follow-up, we ascertained 2736 and 3128 incident cases of HF in women and men, respectively. In multivariable-adjusted models, mutually adjusted for PCBs and EPA-DHA, the relative risk (RR) for dietary PCB exposure was 1.48 (95% CI 1.12-1.96) in women and 1.42 (95% CI 1.08-1.86) in men, comparing extreme quintiles. Corresponding RRs for EPA-DHA intake were 0.71 (95% CI 0.54-0.93) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.63-1.07), respectively. Conclusions: Dietary exposure to PCBs was associated with an increased risk of HF in both women and men. EPA-DHA intake was associated with a lower risk of HF in women, with a similar tendency in men.

  • 15.
    Akhtar, Evana
    et al.
    Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
    Roy, Anjan Kumar
    Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
    Haq, Md Ahsanul
    Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
    von Ehrenstein, Ondine S.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci & Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
    Ahmed, Sultan
    Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
    Vahter, Marie
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ekström, Eva-Charlotte
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Kippler, Maria
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wagatsuma, Yukiko
    Univ Tsukuba, Fac Med, Dept Clin Trial & Clin Epidemiol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
    Raqib, Rubhana
    Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
    A longitudinal study of rural Bangladeshi children with long-term arsenic and cadmium exposures and biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases2021In: Environmental Pollution, ISSN 0269-7491, E-ISSN 1873-6424, Vol. 271, article id 116333Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There is growing interest in understanding the contribution of environmental toxicant exposure in early life to development of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) in adulthood. We aimed to assess associations of early life exposure to arsenic and cadmium with biomarkers of CMD in children in rural Bangladesh. From a longitudinal mother-child cohort in Matlab, Bangladesh, we followed up 540 pairs. Exposure to arsenic (U–As) and cadmium (U–Cd) was assessed by concentrations in urine from mothers at gestational week 8 (GW8) and children at ages 4.5 and 9 years. Blood pressure and anthropometric indices were measured at 4.5 and 9 years. Metabolic markers (lipids, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, adipokines, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were determined in plasma/blood of 9 years old children. In linear regression models, adjusted for child sex, age, height-for-age z score (HAZ), BMI-for-age z score (BAZ), socioeconomic status (SES) and maternal education, each doubling of maternal and early childhood U–Cd was associated with 0.73 and 0.82 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) respectively. Both early and concurrent childhood U–Cd was associated with diastolic (D)BP (β = 0.80 at 4.5 years; β = 0.75 at 9 years). Each doubling of U–Cd at 9 years was associated with decrements of 4.98 mg/dL of total cholesterol (TC), 1.75 mg/dL high-density lipoprotein (HDL), 3.85 mg/dL low-density lipoprotein (LDL), 0.43 mg/dL glucose and 4.29 units eGFR. Each doubling of maternal U–Cd was associated with a decrement of 1.23 mg/dL HDL. Both maternal and childhood U–As were associated with decrement in TC and HDL. Multiple comparisons were checked with family-wise error rate Bonferroni-type-approach. The negative associations of arsenic and cadmium with biomarkers of CMD in preadolescent children indicated influence of both metal(loid)s on fat and carbohydrate metabolism, while cadmium additionally influenced kidney function and BP. Thus, fewer outcomes were associated with U–As compared to U–Cd at preadolescence.

  • 16. Ali, Imran
    et al.
    Damdimopoulou, Pauliina
    Stenius, Ulla
    Adamsson, Annika
    Mäkelä, Sari I
    Åkesson, Agneta
    Berglund, Marika
    Håkansson, Helen
    Halldin, Krister
    Cadmium-induced effects on cellular signaling pathways in the liver of transgenic estrogen reporter mice.2012In: Toxicological Sciences, ISSN 1096-6080, E-ISSN 1096-0929, Vol. 127, no 1, p. 66-75Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Estrogen-like effects of cadmium (Cd) have been reported in several animal studies, and recent epidemiological findings suggest increased risk of hormone-dependent cancers after Cd exposure. The mechanisms underlying these effects are still under investigation. Our aim was to study the effects of Cd on cellular signaling pathways in vivo with special focus on estrogen signaling and to perform benchmark dose analysis on the effects. Transgenic adult ERE-luciferase male mice were exposed subcutaneously to 0.5-500 μg CdCl(2) per kg body weight (bw) or 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) for 3 days. These doses had no effects on organ and bw or testicular histology, indicating subtoxic exposure levels. The transgene luciferase, reporting genomic estrogen response, was significantly increased by EE2 but not by Cd. However, Cd significantly affected kinase phosphorylation and endogenous gene expression. Interestingly, gene expression changes displayed a traditional dose-response relationship, with benchmark dose levels for the expression of Mt1, Mt2, p53, c-fos, and Mdm2 being 92.9, 19.9, 7.6, 259, and 25.9 μg/kg bw, respectively, but changes in kinase phosphorylation were only detected at low exposure levels. Phosphorylation of Erk1/2 was significantly increased even in the lowest dose group, 0.5 μg/kg bw, rendering pErk1/2 a more sensitive sensor of exposure than changes in gene expression. Collectively, our data suggest that the effects triggered by Cd in vivo are markedly concentration dependent. Furthermore, we conclude that the estrogen-like effects of Cd are likely to result from a mechanism different from steroidal estrogens.

  • 17. Ali, Imran
    et al.
    Damdimopoulou, Pauliina
    Stenius, Ulla
    Halldin, Krister
    Cadmium at nanomolar concentrations activates Raf-MEK-ERK1/2 MAPKs signaling via EGFR in human cancer cell lines.2015In: Chemico-Biological Interactions, ISSN 0009-2797, E-ISSN 1872-7786, Vol. 231Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, supported by data from occupational exposure. Environmentally relevant dietary exposure to Cd has recently been associated with osteoporosis and cancers of the prostate, endometrium, and breast in the general population. The low exposure effects have been proposed to result from endocrine modulative properties of Cd, which mimic the physiological actions of estrogen and androgen. However, the mechanism of action of Cd is an unanswered question. We have shown previously, using mouse models, that canonical estrogen receptor signaling is not involved in estrogen mimicry effects of Cd. Instead, low-level Cd exposure stimulated the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) ERK1/2 in these mice. Here we investigate further the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling activation by Cd in vitro by using nanomolar concentrations of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in three different human carcinoma cell lines: HepG2, MCF-7, and ECC-1. The findings also were confirmed in previously collected mouse tissue samples. We show that 10(-8)M levels of CdCl2 activate ERK1/2 (Tyr 204) and the p53 specific ubiquitin ligase Mdm2 (Ser 166) via Raf and MEK by acting through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Furthermore, our results suggest that the CdCl2-induced activation of ERK1/2 and Mdm2 may interfere with the p53 response to genotoxic compounds in cancer cell lines. Our data collectively suggest that nanomolar levels of CdCl2 activate Raf-MEK-ERK1/2 via EGFR. We hypothesize that this signaling cascade may be involved in observed low exposure effects of Cd in certain human populations.

  • 18. Ali, Imran
    et al.
    Engström, Annette
    Vahter, Marie
    Skerfving, Staffan
    Lundh, Thomas
    Lidfeldt, Jonas
    Samsioe, Göran
    Halldin, Krister
    Akesson, Agneta
    Associations between cadmium exposure and circulating levels of sex hormones in postmenopausal women2014In: Environmental Research, ISSN 0013-9351, E-ISSN 1096-0953, Vol. 134, p. 265-269Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Recent epidemiological as well as in vivo and in vitro studies collectively suggest that the metalloestrogen cadmium (Cd) could be a potential risk factor for hormone-related cancers in particularly breast cancer. Assessment of the association between Cd exposure and levels of endogenous sex hormones is of pivotal importance, as increased levels of such have been associated with a higher risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The present study investigated the perceived relationship (multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses) between Cd exposure [blood Cd (B-Cd) and urinary Cd (U-Cd)], and serum levels of androstenedione, testosterone, estradiol, and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), in 438 postmenopausal Swedish women without hormone replacement therapy (HRT). A significant positive association between B-Cd (median 3.4nmol/L) and serum testosterone levels, as well as a significant inverse association between B-Cd and serum estradiol levels and with the estradiol/testosterone ratio were encountered. However, U-Cd (median 0.69nmol/mmol creatinine) was inversely associated with serum estradiol levels only. Our data may suggest that Cd interferes with the levels of testosterone and estradiol in postmenopausal women, which might have implications for breast cancer risk.

  • 19. Ali, Imran
    et al.
    Hurmerinta, Teija
    Nurmi, Tarja
    Berglund, Marika
    Rüegg, Joelle
    Poutanen, Matti
    Halldin, Krister
    Mäkelä, Sari
    Damdimopoulou, Pauliina
    From pure compounds to complex exposure: Effects of dietary cadmium and lignans on estrogen, epidermal growth factor receptor, and mitogen activated protein kinase signaling in vivo.2016In: Toxicology Letters, ISSN 0378-4274, E-ISSN 1879-3169, Vol. 253Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Exposure to environmental endocrine active compounds correlates with altered susceptibility to disease in human populations. Chemical risk assessment is single compound based, although exposure often takes place as heterogeneous mixtures of man-made and natural substances within complex matrices like diet. Here we studied whether the effects of cadmium and enterolactone on endocrine endpoints in dietary exposure can be predicted based on pure compound effects. Ovariectomized estrogen reporter ERE-luciferase (ERE-luc) mice were maintained on diets that intrinsically contain increasing concentrations of cadmium and enterolactone precursors for three and 21 days. The activation of the ERE-luc, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)-ERK1/2, and classical estrogen responses were measured. Interactions between the diets and endogenous hormone were evaluated by challenging the animals with 17β-estradiol. Compared to animals on basal purified diet, mice consuming experimental diets were exposed to significantly higher levels of cadmium and enterolactone, yet the exposure remained comparable to typical human dietary intake. Surprisingly, we could not detect effects on endpoints regulated by pure enterolactone, such as ERE-luc activation. However, cadmium accumulation in the liver was accompanied with activation of EGFR and MAPK-ERK1/2 in line with our earlier CdCl2 studies. Further, attenuation of 17β-estradiol-induced ERE-luc response in liver by experimental diets was observed. Our findings indicate that the exposure context can have substantial effects on the activity of endocrine active compounds in vivo. Thus, whenever possible, a context that mimics human exposure should be tested along with pure compounds.

  • 20.
    Alinaghizadeh, Hassan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Tondel, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Wålinder, Robert
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Cancer incidence in northern Sweden before and after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident2014In: Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, ISSN 0301-634X, E-ISSN 1432-2099, Vol. 53, no 3, p. 495-504Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sweden received about 5 % of the total release of Cs-137 from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in 1986. The distribution of the fallout mainly affected northern Sweden, where some parts of the population could have received an estimated annual effective dose of 1-2 mSv per year. It is disputed whether an increased incidence of cancer can be detected in epidemiological studies after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident outside the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In the present paper, a possible exposure-response pattern between deposition of Cs-137 and cancer incidence after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident was investigated in the nine northernmost counties of Sweden (2.2 million inhabitants in 1986). The activity of Cs-137 from the fallout maps at 1986 was used as a proxy for the received dose of ionizing radiation. Diagnoses of cancer (ICD-7 code 140-209) from 1980 to 2009 were received from the Swedish Cancer Registry (273,222 cases). Age-adjusted incidence rate ratios, stratified by gender, were calculated with Poisson regression in two closed cohorts of the population in the nine counties 1980 and 1986, respectively. The follow-up periods were 1980-1985 and 1986-2009, respectively. The average surface-weighted deposition of Cs-137 at three geographical levels; county (n = 9), municipality (n = 95) and parish level (n = 612) was applied for the two cohorts to study the pre- and the post-Chernobyl periods separately. To analyze time trends, the age-standardized total cancer incidence was calculated for the general Swedish population and the population in the nine counties. Joinpoint regression was used to compare the average annual percent change in the general population and the study population within each gender. No obvious exposure-response pattern was seen in the age-adjusted total cancer incidence rate ratios. A spurious association between fallout and cancer incidence was present, where areas with the lowest incidence of cancer before the accident coincidentally had the lowest fallout of Cs-137. Increasing the geographical resolution of exposure from nine county averages to 612 parish averages resulted in a two to three times higher value of variance in the regression model. There was a secular trend with an increase in age-standardized incidence of cancer in both genders from 1980 to 2009, but significant only in females. This trend was stronger and statistically significant for both genders in the general Swedish population compared to the nine counties. In conclusion, using both high quality cancer registry data and high resolution exposure maps of Cs-137 deposition, it was not possible to distinguish an effect of Cs-137 on cancer incidence after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in Sweden.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 21.
    Alinaghizadeh, Hassan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Wålinder, Robert
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Vingård, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Tondel, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Total cancer incidence in relation to 137Cs fallout in the most contaminated counties in Sweden after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident: a register-based study2016In: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 6, no 12, article id e011924Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: To determine the total cancer incidence in relation to a 5-year exposure to caesium-137 ((137)Cs) from the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident.

    METHODS: A closed cohort was defined as all individuals living in the three most contaminated counties in mid-Sweden in 1986. Fallout of (137)Cs was retrieved as a digital map from the Geological Survey of Sweden, demographic data from Statistics Sweden, and cancer diagnosis from the National Board of Health and Welfare. Individuals were assigned an annual (137)Cs exposure based on their place of residence (1986-1990), from which 5-year cumulative (137)Cs exposures were calculated, accounting for the physical decay of (137)Cs and changing residencies. HRs were adjusted for age, sex, rural/non-rural residence and pre-Chernobyl total cancer incidence.

    RESULTS: The 734 537 people identified were categorised by exposure: the first quartile was low exposure (0.0-45.4 kBq/m(2)), the second and third quartiles were intermediate exposure (45.41-118.8 kBq/m(2)), and the fourth quartile was the highest exposure (118.81-564.71 kBq/m(2)). Between 1991 and 2010, 82 495 cancer cases were registered in the 3 counties. Adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 1.03 (1.01 to 1.05) for intermediate exposure and 1.05 (1.03 to 1.07) for the highest exposure compared to the reference exposure.

    CONCLUSIONS: We found a small overall exposure-response pattern of the total cancer incidence related to (137)Cs after adjustment for age, sex, rural residence and pre-Chernobyl cancer incidence.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 22.
    Amaral, Andre F. S.
    et al.
    Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London SW3 6LR, England..
    Burney, Peter G. J.
    Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London SW3 6LR, England..
    Patel, Jaymini
    Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London SW3 6LR, England..
    Minelli, Cosetta
    Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London SW3 6LR, England..
    Mejza, Filip
    Jagiellonian Univ Med Coll, Ctr Evidence Based Med, Dept Internal Med 2, Krakow, Poland..
    Mannino, David M.
    Univ Kentucky, Prevent Med & Environm Hlth, Lexington, KY USA..
    Seemungal, Terence A. R.
    Univ West Indies St Augustine, Clin Med Sci, St Augustine, Trinidad Tobago..
    Mahesh, Padukudru Anand
    JSS Med Coll & Hosp, Resp Med, Mysore, Karnataka, India..
    Lo, Li Cher
    RCSI & UCD Malaysia Campus, Dept Med, Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia..
    Janson, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Juvekar, Sanjay
    King Edward Mem Hosp Pune, Vadu Rural Hlth Program, Pune, Maharashtra, India..
    Denguezli, Meriam
    Univ Sousse, Lab Physiol Explorat Fonct, Fac Med Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia..
    Harrabi, Imed
    Univ Sousse, Lab Physiol Explorat Fonct, Fac Med Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia..
    Wouters, Emiel F. M.
    Maastricht Univ, Dept Resp Med, Maastricht, Netherlands..
    Cherkaski, Hamid
    Univ Badji Mokhtar Annaba, Serv Epidemiol Med Prevent, Fac Med, Annaba, Algeria..
    Mortimer, Kevin
    Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Clin Sci, Liverpool, England.;Aintree Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Resp Med, Liverpool, England..
    Jogi, Rain
    Tartu Univ Hosp, Lung Clin, Tartu, Estonia..
    Bateman, Eric D.
    Univ Cape Town, Div Resp Med, Rondebosch, South Africa..
    Fuertes, Elaine
    Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London SW3 6LR, England..
    Al Ghobain, Mohammed
    King Saud Bin Abdulaziz Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.;King Saud Bin Abdulaziz Univ Hlth Sci, King Abdullah Int Med Res Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia..
    Tan, Wan
    Univ British Columbia, iCAPTURE Ctr, Vancouver, ON, Canada..
    Obaseki, Daniel O.
    Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Med, Ife, Nigeria..
    El Sony, Asma
    Epi Lab, Khartoum, North Sudan..
    Studnicka, Michael
    Paracelsus Med Univ Salzburg, Dept Pulm Med, Salzburg, Austria..
    Aquart-Stewart, Althea
    Univ West Indies Mona, Dept Internal Med, Mona, Jamaica..
    Koul, Parvaiz
    SKIMS, Pulm Med, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India..
    Lawin, Herve
    Univ Abomey Calavi, Occupat & Environm Hlth, Cotonou, Benin..
    Nafees, Asaad Ahmed
    Aga Khan Univ, Commun Hlth Sci, Karachi, Pakistan..
    Awopeju, Olayemi
    Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Med, Ife, Nigeria..
    Erhabor, Gregory E.
    Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Med, Ife, Nigeria..
    Gislason, Thorarinn
    Landspitali Univ Hosp, Dept Sleep, Reykjavik, England.;Univ Iceland, Med, Reykjavik, Iceland..
    Welte, Tobias
    Hannover Med Sch, Resp Med, Hannover, Germany..
    Gulsvik, Amund
    Haukeland Hosp, Dept Thorac Med, Bergen, Norway..
    Nielsen, Rune
    Haukeland Hosp, Dept Thorac Med, Bergen, Norway.;Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway..
    Gnatiuc, Louisa
    Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Oxford, England..
    Kocabas, Ali
    Cukurova Univ, Sch Med, Dept Chest Dis, Adana, Turkey..
    Marks, Guy B.
    Woolcock Inst Med Res, Resp & Environm Epidmiol, Glebe, NSW, Australia.;Univ New South Wales, South Western Sydney Clin Sch, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Sooronbaev, Talant
    Natl Ctr Cardiol & Internal Med, Dept Resp Med, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan..
    Mbatchou Ngahane, Bertrand Hugo
    Douala Gen Hosp, Internal Med, Douala, Cameroon..
    Barbara, Cristina
    Lisbon Univ, Inst Environm Hlth, Lisbon Med Sch, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Buist, A. Sonia
    Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Pulm & Crit Care Med, Portland, OR USA..
    Chronic airflow obstruction and ambient particulate air pollution2021In: Thorax, ISSN 0040-6376, E-ISSN 1468-3296, Vol. 76, no 12, p. 1236-1241Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Smoking is the most well-established cause of chronic airflow obstruction (CAO) but particulate air pollution and poverty have also been implicated. We regressed sex-specific prevalence of CAO from 41 Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study sites against smoking prevalence from the same study, the gross national income per capita and the local annual mean level of ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) using negative binomial regression. The prevalence of CAO was not independently associated with PM2.5 but was strongly associated with smoking and was also associated with poverty. Strengthening tobacco control and improved understanding of the link between CAO and poverty should be prioritised.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 23.
    Amin, Ridwanul
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Insurance Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Insurance Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Björkenstam, Emma
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry. Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Insurance Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Virtanen, Marianna
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Insurance Med, Stockholm, Sweden.;Univ Eastern Finland, Sch Educ Sci & Psychol, Joensuu, Finland.
    Helgesson, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health equity and working life. Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Insurance Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, Niklas
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Insurance Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Rahman, Syed
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Insurance Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Time period effects in work disability due to common mental disorders among young employees in Sweden-a register-based cohort study across occupational classes and employment sectors2023In: European Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1101-1262, E-ISSN 1464-360X, Vol. 33, no 2, p. 272-278Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background We aimed to investigate time period effects in the risk of work disability, defined as long-term sickness absence (LTSA) and disability pension (DP) due to common mental disorders (CMDs), among young employees according to employment sector (private/public) and occupational class (non-manual/manual).

    Methods Three cohorts, including all employed individuals with complete information on employment sector and occupational class, aged 19-29 years and resident in Sweden on 31 December 2004, 2009 and 2014 (n = 573 516, 665 138 and 600 889, respectively) were followed for 4 years. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to examine the risk of LTSA and DP due to CMDs using Cox regression analyses.

    Results In all cohorts, public sector employees had higher aHRs for LTSA due to CMDs than private sector employees, irrespective of occupational class, e.g. aHR, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.16-1.33 and 1.15, 1.08-1.23 among non-manual and manual workers in cohort 2004. The rates of DP due to CMDs were much lower in cohorts 2009 and 2014 than 2004 leading to uncertain risk estimates in the later cohorts. Still, public sector manual workers had a higher risk for DP due to CMDs than manual workers in the private sector in cohort 2014 than in 2004 (aHR, 95% CI: 1.54, 1.34-1.76 and 3.64, 2.14-6.18, respectively).

    Conclusions Manual workers in the public sector seem to have a higher risk of work disability due to CMDs than their counterparts in the private sector calling for the need for early intervention strategies to prevent long-term work disability.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 24.
    Amzal, Billy
    et al.
    European Food Safety Author, Assessment Methodol Unit, I-43100 Parma, Italy..
    Julin, Bettina
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Vahter, Marie
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Met & Hlth, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wolk, Alicja
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Johanson, Gunnar
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Work Environm Toxicol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Akesson, Agneta
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Met & Hlth, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Population Toxicokinetic Modeling of Cadmium for Health Risk Assessment2009In: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives, ISSN 0091-6765, E-ISSN 1552-9924, Vol. 117, no 8, p. 1293-1301Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Cadmium is a widespread environmental pollutant that has been shown to exert toxic effects on kidney and bones in humans after long-term exposure. Urinary cadmium concentration is considered a good biomarker of accumulated cadmium in kidney, and diet is the main source of cadmium among nonsmokers. OBJECTIVE: Modeling the link between urinary cadmium and dietary cadmium intake is a key step in the risk assessment of long-term cadmium exposure. There is, however, little knowledge on how this link may vary, especially for susceptible population strata. METHODS: We used a large population-based study (the Swedish Mammography Cohort), with repeated dietary intake data covering a period of 20 years, to compare estimated dietary cadmium intake with urinary cadmium concentrations on an individual basis. A modified version of the Nordberg-Kjellstrom model and a one-compartment model were evaluated in terms of their predictions of urinary cadmium. We integrated the models and quantified the between-person variability of cadmium half-life in the population. Finally, sensitivity analyses and Monte Carlo simulations were performed to illustrate how the latter model could serve as a robust tool supporting the risk assessment of cadmium in humans. RESULTS: The one-compartment population model appeared to be an adequate modeling option to link cadmium intake to urinary cadmium and to describe the population variability. We estimated the cadmium half-life to be about 11.6 years, with about 25% population variability. CONCLUSIONS: Population toxicokinetic models can be robust and useful tools for risk assessment of chemicals, because they allow quantification and integration of population variability in toxicokinetics.

  • 25.
    Andersson, Helén
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Increased expression of genes encoding proangiogenic and vasoconstriction factors in the cardiac tissues of rats following long‑term exposure to bisphenol AManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Andersson, Helén
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Brittebo, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Proangiogenic Effects of Environmentally Relevant Levels of Bisphenol A in Human Primary Endothelial Cells2012In: Archives of Toxicology, ISSN 0340-5761, E-ISSN 1432-0738, Vol. 86, no 3, p. 465-474Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in the manufacturing of consumer products such as plastic food containers and food cans. Experimental studies suggest a relationship between exposure to BPA and changes in metabolic processes and reproductive organs. Also, epidemiological studies report an association between elevated exposure to BPA and cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Although alterations in the vascular endothelium are implicated in pathological conditions associated with BPA, little is known about the effects of BPA in the human endothelium. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 0.1 nM-1 μM of BPA on selected biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The mRNA expression of biomarkers was assayed using qRT-PCR, and the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species was measured using the H(2)DCFDA and the DAF-FM assays. The effect of BPA on phosphorylated eNOS was examined using Western blot and immunofluorescence, and the endothelial tube formation assay was used to investigate in vitro angiogenesis. BPA (≤1 μM) increased the mRNA expression of the proangiogenic genes VEGFR-2, VEGF-A, eNOS, and Cx43 and increased the production of nitric oxide in HUVEC. Furthermore, BPA increased the expression of phosphorylated eNOS and endothelial tube formation in HUVEC. These studies demonstrate that environmentally relevant levels of BPA have direct proangiogenic effects on human primary endothelial cells in vitro suggesting that the human endothelium may be an important target for BPA.

  • 27.
    Andersson, Ing-Marie
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies.
    Gunnarsson, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Hedlund, Ann
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies.
    Rosén, Gunnar
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies.
    Young People’s Attitudes to Attractive Work, During and After Upper Secondary School2017In: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies, E-ISSN 2245-0157, Vol. 7, no 1, p. 55-68Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Attractive work has been defined as a job position which an individual wants, where the employee experiences job stability and where employee identification and dedication are fostered. The present study is aimed at increasing knowledge about attitude changes to work during young people’s transition from school to work-life. A closed cohort, consisting of 225 pupils from graduating classes in 10 upper secondary schools in Sweden, was studied. The most significant result was found in the pupils’ expectations regarding work attractiveness while they were still attending school and in the subsequent year, after they had finished school. During school attendance, there were no differences between the groups, while those who did not find employment after school greatly reduced their demands regarding attractive work.Those who managed to get a job maintained the same level of expectation as during their school years, in terms of requirements for an attractive job. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 28.
    Andersson, Ing-Marie
    et al.
    Högskolan Dalarna, Falun, Sweden.
    Gunnarsson, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Rosén, Gunnar
    Högskolan Dalarna, Falun, Sweden.
    Role of Headmasters, Teachers, and Supervisors in Knowledge Transfer about Occupational Health and Safety to Pupils in Vocational Education2015In: Safety and Health at Work, ISSN 2093-7911, Vol. 6, no 4, p. 317-323Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Young people are at an increased risk for illness in working life. The authorities stipulate certain goals for training in occupational health and safety (OHS) in vocational schools. A previous study concluded that pupils in vocational education had limited knowledge in the prevention of health risks at work. The aim of the current study, therefore, was to study how OHS training is organized in school and in workplace-based learning (WPL).

    Methods

    The study design featured a qualitative approach, which included interviews with 12 headmasters, 20 teachers, and 20 supervisors at companies in which the pupils had their WPL. The study was conducted at 10 upper secondary schools, located in Central Sweden, that were graduating pupils in four vocational programs.

    Results

    The interviews with headmasters, teachers, and supervisors indicate a staggered picture of how pupils are prepared for safe work. The headmasters generally give teachers the responsibility for how goals should be reached. Teaching is very much based on risk factors that are present in the workshops and on teachers' own experiences and knowledge. The teaching during WPL also lacks the systematic training in OHS as well as in the traditional classroom environment.

    Conclusion

    Teachers and supervisors did not plan the training in OHS in accordance with the provisions of systematic work environment management. Instead, the teachers based the training on their own experiences. Most of the supervisors did not receive information from the schools as to what should be included when introducing OHS issues in WPL.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 29.
    Andersson, Ing-Marie
    et al.
    Högskolan Dalarna, Arbetsvetenskap.
    Gunnarsson, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Rosén, Gunnar
    Högskolan Dalarna, Arbetsvetenskap.
    Moström Åberg, Marie
    Högskolan Dalarna, Arbetsvetenskap.
    Knowledge and Experiences of Risks among Pupils in Vocational Education2014In: SH@W Safety and Health at Work, ISSN 2093-7911, E-ISSN 2093-7997, Vol. 5, no 3, p. 140-146Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 30.
    Annerbäck, Eva-Maria
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Sahlqvist, Lotta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD).
    Wingren, Gun
    A cross-sectional study of victimisation of bullying among schoolchildren in Sweden: background factors and self-reported health complaints2014In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 42, no 3, p. 270-277Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: To examine background factors for bullying and associations between bullying victimisation and health problems. Methods: A cross-sectional study on all pupils in grades 7 and 9 in a Swedish county was conducted in 2011 (n=5248). Data have been analysed with bi- and multivariate models. Results: 14% of the children reported that they had been bullied during the past 2 months. Background factors for bullying were: gender (girls more often); age (younger students more often); disability/disease; high body mass index, and having parents born abroad. There were strong associations between being bullied and poor health and self-harm. Associations with poor general health for boys and girls and mental health problems for girls showed stronger associations with higher frequency of bullying than with lower. For boys, physical bullying had stronger correlations with poor general health than written-verbal bullying. Conclusions: Bullying is a serious public health problem among young people and healthcare professionals have an important task in identifying exposed children. Children who are "different" are more exposed to bullying, which implies that school personnel, parents, and other adults in these children's social networks can play an important role in paying attention to and preventing the risk of bullying.

  • 31. Annesi-Maesano, Isabella
    et al.
    Norback, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Zielinski, Jan
    Bernard, Alfred
    Gratziou, Cristina
    Sigsgaard, Torben
    Sestini, Piersante
    Viegi, Giovanni
    Geriatric study in Europe on health effects of air quality in nursing homes (GERIE study) profile: objectives, study protocol and descriptive data.2013In: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine, ISSN 1828-695X, E-ISSN 2049-6958, Vol. 8, no 1, p. 71-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Indoor air pollution (IAP) constitutes a major global public health problem requiring increasing efforts in research and policymaking that may have special significance for elderly that are likely to spend most of their day indoors and appear to be particularly susceptible to adverse effects of chemical pollutants and bio-contaminants. Yet, evidence existing on the effects of IAP in elderly is scanty. The Geriatric study in Europe on health effects of air quality in nursing homes (GERIE) study aimed to assess health effects of major indoor air pollutants and thermal conditions in elderly (> 70 years) living stably in nursing homes (NH) across Europe. Respiratory effects were particularly considered as airways and lung constitute the first target of air pollutants.

    OBJECTIVES: We describe here the rationale and the methods of the GERIE Study.

    METHODS: 8 nursing homes were randomly selected in 7 European countries. Twenty individuals were randomly selected in each nursing home. Major indoor and outdoor air chemical pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, PM0.1, formaldehyde, NO2; O3, VOC, CO2) and bio-contaminants (moulds, allergens) were assessed objectively with standardized procedures. Major health status indicators were assessed through a standardized questionnaire, non-invasive clinical tests and blood and urine biomarkers as well as saliva for ADN.

    RESULTS: The GERIE study has given the opportunity to publish two reviews on respiratory health effects of indoor and outdoor air pollution in elderly. In addition it has provided the inventory of air quality and thermal conditions in 50 nursing homes across Europe and data on respiratory health status in 600 elderly aged 82 years in mean. Major future results will include the relationships between NH environment and health in elderly.

    CONCLUSIONS: The main long-term purpose of the GERIE study is to improve the health of elderly who permanently reside in nursing homes or of those who are exposed to indoor air pollution because of reduced mobility.

  • 32.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Hellman, Therese
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Svartengren, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Experiences of the Initial Phase Implementation of the STAMINA-Model in Perioperative Context Addressing Environmental Issues Systematically: A Qualitative Study2020In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ISSN 1661-7827, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 17, no 9, article id 3037Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    (1) Background: Challenges in perioperative settings put demands on staff working with systematic work environment management. A support model, STAMINA (Structured and Time-effective Approach through Methods for an Inclusive and Active working life), was implemented in a hospital in Sweden, to help staff address environmental issues systematically. The aim was to describe the experiences of the initial phase of implementation of the adapted STAMINA model in perioperative context. (2) Methods: Qualitative individual interviews were held with 14 managers and employees (three men and 11 women). Data were analysed by systematic text condensation. (3) Results: Five themes were identified: Limited knowledge of the model and the implementation process; scepticism, lack of confidence in the model and a passive attitude; the model offered increased participation; the culture in the organization-to understand one's role as employees and managers; and endurance and feedback are key factors for success in the implementation process. (4) Conclusions: Scepticism turned to positive attitude by recognising that the STAMINA model offered increased participation. In order to have successful implementation, the organisational culture must be taken into consideration by giving the employees increased responsibilities and timely feedbacks. Role description, goal definition, feedback, and sticking to one model are key factors for success.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 33.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Molin, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. IPF The Institute for Organizational and Leadership Development at Uppsala University, Uppsala Sweden.
    Svartengren, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Success factors when implementing a structured support model for systematic work environment management in operating departments: A case study from Sweden2022In: Journal of Nursing Management, ISSN 0966-0429, E-ISSN 1365-2834, Vol. 30, no 7, p. 3618-3627Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim The study aimed to investigate how departments in a Swedish hospital worked with a structured support model between the sessions and what they identified as success factors. Background To improve the work environment in a Swedish hospital, a structured support model for systematic work environment management was implemented in operating departments. The structured work starts with sending a web-based, open-ended, anonymous questionnaire to all employees. In response, employees describe how they perceive their work environment 'right now'. Next, a session is held where employees' viewpoints are discussed, and areas of improvement are agreed upon. Action plans are created between the sessions, and the employees start working with their plans with support from their managers. Implementing new models takes time and requires efforts from employees and managers. Method A case study was conducted, including three operating departments within a perioperative organization in a university hospital in Sweden. The participating departments had used the model without interruption during the Covid-19 pandemic 2 years after implementation, and they had created a customized working method. Three first-line managers were interviewed, and 22 action plans, 21 workplace meeting notes and two presentations were analysed using thematic analysis. Results The results are sorted under three main thematic headings: Experience of results and benefits, Marketing and cheering on and Making adjustments and making the model one's own. The results from the action plans and workplace meetings indicated that the employees had discussed problems with cooperation, work organization and how to treat each other. Conclusion Human factors, such as support, encouragement, seeing the benefits, allowing for time and respecting each other can facilitate and contribute to the implementation and success of a new model. Implications for Nursing Management The main finding of the study indicates that with a structured way of working, and with the participation of the employees in the systematic work environment work, the employees contributed with constructive suggestions for improvement. This, in turn, contributed to reducing the workload for first-line managers. In addition, when working with a structured model, deficiencies in the workplace were identified, which triggered an improvement process in the participating hospital departments.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 34.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Paulsson, Sofia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Molin, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. The Institute for Organizational and Leadership Development (IPF).
    Svartengren, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    How Human Resources Index, Relational Justice, and Perceived Productivity Change after Reorganization at a Hospital in Sweden That Uses a Structured Support Model for Systematic Work Environment Management2021In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ISSN 1661-7827, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 18, no 21, article id 11611Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To facilitate systematic work environment management, which should be a natural part of business development, a structured support model was developed. The Stamina model has previously been used in Swedish municipalities, showing positive results. The aim was to study how the Human Resources Index (HRI), relational justice, short-term recovery and perceived productivity changed in a recently reorganised perioperative setting in a hospital in Sweden that uses a structured support model for systematic work environment management. A longitudinal design that took measurements at four time points was used in a sample of 500 employees in a perioperative hospital department. The results for the overall sample indicated a positive trend in the HRI (Mt1 = 48.5, SDt1 = 22.5; Mt3 = 56.7, SDt1 = 21.2; p < 0.001). Perceived health-related production loss (Mdt1 = 2, IQR = 3; Mdt3 = 0, IQR = 3; p < 0.001) and perceived work environment-related production loss (Mdt1 = 2, IQR = 3; Mdt3 = 0, IQR = 4; p < 0.001) showed major improvements. Short-term recovery showed a minor improvement (Mt1 = 2.61, SDt1 = 1.33; Mt3 = 2.65, SDt3 = 1.22; p = 0.872). In conclusion, the implementation of the Stamina model, of which the HRI constitutes an important part, seems to be a helpful tool to follow-up on work environment processes, and minimise production losses due to health and work environment-related issues.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 35.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences. Univ Gävle, Fac Hlth & Occupat Studies, Dept Caring Sci, Kungsbacksvagen 47, S-80176 Gävle, Sweden..
    Rudolfsson, Gudrun
    Nord Univ, Fac Nursing & Hlth Sci, Bodo, Norway.;Univ West, Dept Hlth Sci, Div Nursing, Trollhättan, Sweden..
    Sharing the Same Reality, Healthy Relations Between Colleagues at Work: A Meta-Synthesis2023In: Sage Open Nursing, E-ISSN 2377-9608, Vol. 9, article id 23779608231207239Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Good relations are important at work, leading to well-being among coworkers. Since the latest research in nursing is mostly about bullying, and lateral violence, it was important to study what healthy relations mean.

    Objectives: The aim was to identify and synthesize qualitative studies that describe healthy relations, creating health and well-being between colleagues at work.

    Methods: A meta-synthesis approach, inspired by Sherwood's steps of analysis, was chosen for this study. Ten articles from three continents, comprising 230 participants, were included.

    Results: Two themes were identified as follows: (a) creating a mutual bond on a personal level and a permissive atmosphere through the human warmth; and (b) sharing togetherness in a greater whole, offering unconditional help and devoting themselves to taking care of each other. An overarching metaphor implicating the home/homeness was abstracted from the two themes: "Healthy relations between colleagues at work constitute the community as a common world, containing feelings of being at home, implying acting in an expression of the ethos and dignity, a culture created that makes the ideal form of healthy relations visible."

    Conclusion: Nurses find their meaning when they work in a permissive environment, and when they are allowed to be themselves. Such meaning can be found through their engagement with one another, by offering each other unconditional help. Good relationships lead to a place they call their home, where there is trust and friendship.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 36.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Rudolfsson, Gudrun
    Univ West, Dept Hlth Sci, Div Nursing, Trollhattan, Sweden; Nord Univ, Fac Nursing & Hlth Sci, Bodo, Norway.
    Rask-Andersen, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Runeson, Roma
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Wålinder, Robert
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    I Stay: Swedish Specialist Nurses in the Perioperative Context and Their Reasons to Stay at Their Workplace2019In: Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, ISSN 1089-9472, E-ISSN 1532-8473, Vol. 34, no 3, p. 633-644Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To investigate why nurse anesthetists and operating room nurses choose to stay in the same workplace.

    DESIGN: Qualitative design.

    METHODS: Individual interviews were conducted with 15 nurse specialists from four hospitals in Sweden. Two men and 13 women aged between 43 and 63 participated. Data were analyzed with systematic text condensation according to Malterud.

    FINDINGS: Three themes were identified. (1) Organizational stability contributed to low staff turnover, with good spirits between colleagues, representing everyone's equal value and resulting in a feeling of homelikeness. (2) Sustained development in one's own profession. (3) A humane head nurse who was at hand, who was a facilitator, who knew staff members, and eliminated obstacles for them.

    CONCLUSIONS: In a nonhierarchical and stable organization with a head nurse with caritative leadership skills, a welcoming working environment with opportunities for professional development is created. Thus, nurse specialists choose to stay, contributing to organizational development.

  • 37.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Colorectal Surgery.
    Wålinder, Robert
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Rask-Andersen, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Rudolfsson, Gudrun
    Nurse managers in perioperative settings and their reasons for remaining in their jobs: A qualitative study.2020In: Journal of Nursing Management, ISSN 0966-0429, E-ISSN 1365-2834, Vol. 28, no 6, p. 1191-1198Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM: The study describes what helps nurse managers maintain the strength to keep going as leaders.

    BACKGROUND: Good leadership is important for the quality of patient care, patient satisfaction in care and efficiency. Many nurse managers stay on despite challenges at work.

    METHODS: Twelve nurse managers were interviewed. Data were analysed by systematic text condensation according to Malterud.

    RESULTS: The results were as follows: A-Walking side by side with my employees; B-Knowing that I mean something to my employees; C-Talking to myself-asking myself tough questions; D-Having someone to talk to, to decrease the feeling of being alone; E-Leading and managing in my own way-the fear of not succeeding is my motivation.

    CONCLUSION: The nurse managers built their own strategies to get through and get on when difficult situations arose. In order to succeed in leading their employees, the nurse managers gathered their inner strength through moving caritatively back and forth between the 'secret room' and the 'staff room' in the house of leadership.

    IMPLICATIONS IN NURSING MANAGEMENT: The manuscript gives insights into where nurse managers found sources of strengths in their everyday work. To realize their employees' strengths and motivation made a difference for nurse managers as a driving force. By having someone to talk to and by asking themselves tough questions, they were prepared for the challenges that came.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 38.
    Arnetz, Bengt B.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, USA; Umea Univ, Umea, Sweden.
    Lewalski, Philip
    Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Detroit, MI USA..
    Arnetz, Judy
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, USA; Umea Univ, Umea, Sweden.
    Breejen, Karen
    Michigan State Univ, Coll Human Med, Dept Family Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Przyklenk, Karin
    Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Detroit, MI USA.;Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Detroit, MI USA.;Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA..
    Examining self-reported and biological stress and near misses among Emergency Medicine residents: a single-centre cross-sectional assessment in the USA2017In: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 7, no 8, article id e016479Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives To examine the relationship between perceived and biological stress and near misses among Emergency Medicine residents. Design Self-rated stress and stress biomarkers were assessed in residents in Emergency Medicine before and after a day shift. The supervising physicians and residents reported numbers of near misses. Setting The study took place in the Emergency Department of a large trauma 1 centre, located in Detroit, USA. Participants Residents in Emergency Medicine volunteered to participate. The sample consisted of 32 residents, with complete data on 28 subjects. Residents' supervising physicians assessed the clinical performance of each resident. Primary and secondary outcome measures Participants' preshift and postshift stress, biological stress (salivary cortisol, plasma interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), residents' and supervisors' reports of near misses, number of critically ill and patients with trauma seen during the shift. Results Residents' self-reported stress increased from an average preshift level of 2.79 of 10 (SD 1.81) to a postshift level of 5.82 (2.13) (p<0.001). Residents cared for an average of 2.32 (1.52) critically ill patients and 0.68 (1.06) patients with trauma. Residents reported a total of 7 near misses, compared with 11 reported by the supervising physicians. After controlling for baseline work-related exhaustion, residents that cared for more patients with trauma and had higher levels of TNF-a reported a higher frequency of near misses (R-2=0.72; p=0.001). Residents' preshift ratings of how stressful they expected the shift to be were related to the supervising physicians' ratings of residents' near misses during the shift. Conclusion Residents' own ratings of near misses were associated with residents' TNF-alpha, a biomarker of systemic inflammation and the number of patients with trauma seen during the shift. In contrast, supervisor reports on residents' near misses were related only to the residents' preshift expectations of how stressful the shift would be.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 39. Arnetz, Judith E.
    et al.
    Hamblin, Lydia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Ager, Joel
    Aranyos, Deanna
    Essenmacher, Lynnette
    Upfal, Mark J.
    Luborsky, Mark
    Using database reports to reduce workplace violence: Perceptions of hospital stakeholders2015In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 51, no 1, p. 51-59Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Documented incidents of violence provide the foundation for any workplace violence prevention program. However, no published research to date has examined stakeholders' preferences for workplace violence data reports in healthcare settings. If relevant data are not readily available and effectively summarized and presented, the likelihood is low that they will be utilized by stakeholders in targeted efforts to reduce violence. OBJECTIVE: To discover and describe hospital system stakeholders' perceptions of database-generated workplace violence data reports. PARTICIPANTS: Eight hospital system stakeholders representing Human Resources, Security, Occupational Health Services, Quality and Safety, and Labor in a large, metropolitan hospital system. METHODS: The hospital system utilizes a central database for reporting adverse workplace events, including incidents of violence. A focus group was conducted to identify stakeholders' preferences and specifications for standardized, computerized reports of workplace violence data to be generated by the central database. The discussion was audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, processed as text, and analyzed using stepwise content analysis. RESULTS: Five distinct themes emerged from participant responses: Concerns, Etiology, Customization, Use, and Outcomes. In general, stakeholders wanted data reports to provide "the big picture," i.e., rates of occurrence; reasons for and details regarding incident occurrence; consequences for the individual employee and/or the workplace; and organizational efforts that were employed to deal with the incident. CONCLUSIONS: Exploring stakeholder views regarding workplace violence summary reports provided concrete information on the preferred content, format, and use of workplace violence data. Participants desired both epidemiological and incident-specific data in order to better understand and work to prevent the workplace violence occurring in their hospital system.

  • 40. Arsalani, Narges
    et al.
    Fallahi-Khoshknab, Masoud
    Josephson, Malin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Lagerstrom, Monica
    Musculoskeletal Disorders and Working Conditions Among Iranian Nursing Personnel2014In: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, ISSN 1080-3548, E-ISSN 2376-9130, Vol. 20, no 4, p. 671-680Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigated the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and associations with organizational, physical and psychosocial working conditions among 520 nursing personnel in Tehran, Iran. The results of the cross-sectional study on aids and different educational levels of nurses showed that the participants experienced 88% of MSDs in at least one body region during the past 12 months. The 3 most prevalent body regions were the low back (65.3%), knee (56.2%) and neck (49.8%). The participants reported inflexible work schedule, poor quality of devices for transferring patients, overexertion and job dissatisfaction. Physical and psychosocial exposure revealed an elevated odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of MSDs. The results showed a combination of high physical and psychosocial work demands along with low control over the work which increased work-related stress and enhanced the risk of MSDs. This study findings could help to understand work-related MSDs among nursing personnel in a developing country where the work situation and sociocultural context differ from other countries.

  • 41. Astell-Burt, Thomas
    et al.
    Mitchell, Richard
    Hartig, Terry
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for Housing and Urban Research.
    The association between green space and mental health varies across the lifecourse. A longitudinal study2014In: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, ISSN 0143-005X, E-ISSN 1470-2738, Vol. 68, no 6, p. 578-583Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Epidemiological studies on green space and health have relied almost exclusively on cross-sectional designs, restricting understanding on how this relationship could vary across the lifecourse. Methods We used multilevel linear regression to analyse variation in minor psychiatric morbidity over nine annual waves of the British Household Panel Survey (1996-2004). The sample was restricted to residents of urban areas who remained within their neighbourhoods for at least 12 months. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire and confounders were reported for 29 626 male and 35 781 female observations (person-years). This individual-level dataset was linked to a measure of green space availability within each ward of residence. Regression models included age, gender, employment status, household tenure, marital status, education, smoking status and household income. Results When not considering age, green space was associated with better mental health among men, but not women. Interaction terms fitted between age and green space revealed variation in the association between green space and mental health across the lifecourse and by gender. For men, the benefit of more green space emerged in early to mid-adulthood. Among older women, a curvilinear association materialised wherein those with a moderate availability of green space had better mental health. Conclusions These findings illustrate how the relationship between urban green space and health can vary across the lifecourse, and they highlight the need for longitudinal studies to answer why green space may be better for health at some points in the lifecourse than others.

  • 42.
    August, Furaha
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Pembe, Andrea B.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Kayombo, Edmund
    Mbekenga, Columba
    Axemo, Pia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Darj, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Birth preparedness and complication readiness - a qualitative study among community members in rural Tanzania2015In: Global Health Action, ISSN 1654-9716, E-ISSN 1654-9880, Vol. 8, p. 1-U12, article id 26922Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR) strategies are aimed at reducing delays in seeking, reaching, and receiving care. Counselling on birth preparedness is provided during antenatal care visits. However, it is not clear why birth preparedness messages do not translate to utilisation of facility delivery. This study explores the perceptions, experiences, and challenges the community faces on BP/CR. Design: A qualitative study design using Focused Group Discussions was conducted. Twelve focus group discussions were held with four separate groups: young men and women and older men and women in a rural community in Tanzania. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: The community members expressed a perceived need to prepare for childbirth. They were aware of the importance to attend the antenatal clinics, relied on family support for practical and financial preparations such as saving money for costs related to delivery, moving closer to the nearest hospital, and also to use traditional herbs, in favour of a positive outcome. Community recognised that pregnancy and childbirth complications are preferably treated at hospital. Facility delivery was preferred; however, certain factors including stigma on unmarried women and transportation were identified as hindering birth preparedness and hence utilisation of skilled care. Challenges were related to the consequences of poverty, though the maternal health care should be free, they perceived difficulties due to informal user fees. Conclusions: This study revealed community perceptions that were in favour of using skilled care in BP/CR. However, issues related to inability to prepare in advance hinder the realisation of the intention to use skilled care. It is important to innovate how the community reinforces BP/CR, such as using insurance schemes, using community health funds, and providing information on other birth preparedness messages via community health workers.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 43.
    Ax, Erika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
    Lampa, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Salihovic, Samira
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    van Bavel, Bert
    Cederholm, Tommy
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
    Sjögren, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
    Lind, P Monica
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Circulating levels of environmental contaminants are associated with dietary patterns in older adults2015In: Environment International, ISSN 0160-4120, E-ISSN 1873-6750, Vol. 75, p. 93-102Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Food intake contributes substantially to our exposure to environmental contaminants. Still, little is known about our dietary habits' contribution to exposure variability.

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess circulating levels of environmental contaminants in relation to predefined dietary patterns in an elderly Swedish population.

    METHODS: Dietary data and serum concentrations of environmental contaminants were obtained from 844 70-year-old Swedish subjects (50% women) in the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study. Dietary data from 7-day food records was used to assess adherence to a Mediterranean-like diet, a low carbohydrate-high protein diet and the WHO dietary recommendations. Circulating levels of 6 polychlorinated biphenyl markers, 3 organochlorine pesticides, 1 dioxin and 1 polybrominated diphenyl ether, the metals cadmium, lead, mercury and aluminum and serum levels of bisphenol A and 4 phthalate metabolites were investigated in relation to dietary patterns in multivariate linear regression models.

    RESULTS: A Mediterranean-like diet was positively associated with levels of several polychlorinated biphenyls (118, 126, 153, and 209), trans-nonachlor and mercury. A low carbohydrate-high protein diet was positively associated with polychlorinated biphenyls 118 and 153, trans-nonachlor, hexachlorobenzene and p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, mercury and lead. The WHO recommended diet was negatively related to levels of dioxin and lead, and borderline positively to polychlorinated biphenyl 118 and trans-nonachlor.

    CONCLUSION: Dietary patterns were associated in diverse manners with circulating levels of environmental contaminants in this elderly Swedish population. Following the WHO dietary recommendations seems to be associated with a lower burden of environmental contaminants.

  • 44. Baker, Ulrika
    et al.
    Peterson, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Marchant, Tanya
    Mbaruku, Godfrey
    Temu, Silas
    Manzi, Fatuma
    Hanson, Claudia
    Identifying implementation bottlenecks for maternal and newborn health interventions in rural districts of the United Republic of Tanzania2015In: Bulletin of the World Health Organization, ISSN 0042-9686, E-ISSN 1564-0604, Vol. 93, no 6, p. 380-389Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective To estimate effective coverage of maternal and newborn health interventions and to identify bottlenecks in their implementation in rural districts of the United Republic of Tanzania. Methods Cross-sectional data from households and health facilities in Tandahimba and Newala districts were used in the analysis. We adapted Tanahashi's model to estimate intervention coverage in conditional stages and to identify implementation bottlenecks in access, health facility readiness and clinical practice. The interventions studied were syphilis and pre-eclampsia screening, partograph use, active management of the third stage of labour and postpartum care. Findings Effective coverage was low in both districts, ranging from only 3% for postpartum care in Tandahimba to 49% for active management of the third stage of labour in Newala. In Tandahimba, health facility readiness was the largest bottleneck for most interventions, whereas in Newala, it was access. Clinical practice was another large bottleneck for syphilis screening in both districts. Conclusion The poor effective coverage of maternal and newborn health interventions in rural districts of the United Republic of Tanzania reinforces the need to prioritize health service quality. Access to high-quality local data by decision-makers would assist planning and prioritization. The approach of estimating effective coverage and identifying bottlenecks described here could facilitate progress towards universal health coverage for any area of care and in any context.

  • 45. Bakolis, I
    et al.
    Heinrich, J
    Zock, J P
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Svanes, C
    Chen, C M
    Accordini, S
    Verlato, G
    Olivieri, M
    Jarvis, D
    House dust-mite allergen exposure is associated with serum specific IgE but not with respiratory outcomes2015In: Indoor Air, ISSN 0905-6947, E-ISSN 1600-0668, Vol. 25, no 3, p. 235-244Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Exposure to house dust has been associated with asthma in adults, and this is commonly interpreted as a direct immunologic response to dust-mite allergens in those who are IgE sensitized to house dust-mite. Mattress house dust-mite concentrations were measured in a population-based sample of 2890 adults aged between 27 and 56 years living in 22 centers in 10 countries. Generalized linear mixed models were employed to explore the association of respiratory symptoms with house dust-mite concentrations, adjusting for individual and household confounders. There was no overall association of respiratory outcomes with measured house dust-mite concentrations, even in those who reported they had symptoms on exposure to dust and those who had physician-diagnosed asthma. However, there was a positive association of high serum specific IgE levels to HDM (>3.5 kUA /l) with mattress house dust-mite concentrations and a negative association of sensitization to cat with increasing house dust-mite concentrations. In conclusion, there was no evidence that respiratory symptoms in adults were associated with exposure to house dust-mite allergen in the mattress, but an association of house mite with strong sensitization was observed.

  • 46.
    Baloch, Ramen Munir
    et al.
    Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR,St Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France..
    Maesano, Cara Nichole
    Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR,St Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France..
    Christoffersen, Jens
    Velux AS, Adalsvej 99, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark..
    Banerjee, Soutrik
    Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR,St Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France..
    Gabriel, Marta
    Inst Sci & Innovat Mech Engn & Ind Management INE, Porto, Portugal..
    Csobod, Eva
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary.;Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe REC, 9-11 Ady Endre Ut, H-2000 Szentendre, Hungary..
    Fernandes, Eduardo de Oliveira
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal.;Inst Sci & Innovat Mech Engn & Ind Management INE, Porto, Portugal..
    Annesi-Maesano, Isabella
    Sorbonne Univ, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR, INSERM, Paris, France.;Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR,St Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France..
    Szuppinger, Peter
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary..
    Prokai, Reka
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary..
    Farkas, Petur
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary..
    Fuzi, Cecilia
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary..
    Cani, Eduart
    REC Albania, Tirana, Albania..
    Draganic, Jasna
    REC Bosnia & Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg..
    Mogyorosy, Eszter Reka
    REC Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Korac, Zorica
    REC Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Ventura, Gabriela
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Madureira, Joana
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Paciencia, Ines
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Martins, Anabela
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Pereira, Ricardo
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Ramos, Elisabete
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Rudnai, Peter
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Paldy, Anna
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Dura, Gyula
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Beregszaszi, Timea
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Vaskovi, Eva
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Magyar, Donat
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Pandics, Tamas
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Remeny-Nagy, Zsuzsanna
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Szentmihalyi, Renata
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Udvardy, Orsolya
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Varro, Mihaly J.
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Kephalopoulos, Stylianos
    European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, JRC, Ispra, Italy..
    Kotzias, Dimitrios
    European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, JRC, Ispra, Italy..
    Barrero-Moreno, Josefa
    European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, JRC, Ispra, Italy..
    Mehmeti, Rahmije
    Inst Publ Hlth, IPH ALB, Tirana, Albania..
    Vilic, Aida
    Inst Publ Hlth, IPH BH, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg..
    Maestro, Daniel
    Inst Publ Hlth, IPH BH, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg..
    Moshammer, Hanns
    Med Univ, Inst Environm Hlth, Graz, Austria..
    Strasser, Gabriela
    Med Univ, Inst Environm Hlth, Graz, Austria..
    Brigitte, Piegler
    Med Univ, Inst Environm Hlth, Graz, Austria..
    Hohenblum, Philipp
    Umweltbundesamt GmbH, UBA A, Planning & Coordinat Subst & Anal, Vienna, Austria..
    Goelen, Eddy
    VITO, Flemish Inst Technol Res, Mol, Belgium..
    Stranger, Marianne
    VITO, Flemish Inst Technol Res, Mol, Belgium..
    Spruy, Maarten
    VITO, Flemish Inst Technol Res, Mol, Belgium..
    Sidjimov, Momchil
    Natl Ctr Publ Hlth & Anal, Sofia, Bulgaria..
    Hadjipanayis, Adamos
    Larnaca Gen Hosp, Larnax, Cyprus..
    Katsonouri-Sazeides, Andromachi
    State Gen Lab, CSGL, Nicosia, Cyprus..
    Demetriou, Eleni
    State Gen Lab, CSGL, Nicosia, Cyprus..
    Kubinova, Ruzana
    Natl Publ Hlth Inst, NPHI CZ, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Kazmarova, Helena
    Natl Publ Hlth Inst, NPHI CZ, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Dlouha, Beatricia
    Natl Publ Hlth Inst, NPHI CZ, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Kotlik, Bohumil
    Natl Publ Hlth Inst, NPHI CZ, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Vabar, Helen
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Ruut, Juri
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Metus, Meelis
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Rand, Kristiina
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Jarviste, Antonina
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Nevalainen, Aino
    Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, THL, Helsinki, Finland..
    Hyvarinen, Anne
    Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, THL, Helsinki, Finland..
    Taubel, Martin
    Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, THL, Helsinki, Finland..
    Jarvi, Kati
    Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, THL, Helsinki, Finland..
    Mandin, Corinne
    Ctr Sci & Tech Batiment, St Martin Dheres, France..
    Berthineau, Bruno
    Ctr Sci & Tech Batiment, St Martin Dheres, France..
    Moriske, Heinz-Joern
    Umweltbundesamt Fed Environm Agcy, UBA, Indoor Hyg Sect, Dessau Rosslau, Germany..
    Giacomini, Marcia
    Umweltbundesamt Fed Environm Agcy, UBA, Indoor Hyg Sect, Dessau Rosslau, Germany..
    Neumann, Anett
    Umweltbundesamt Fed Environm Agcy, UBA, Indoor Hyg Sect, Dessau Rosslau, Germany..
    Bartzis, John
    Univ Western Macedonia, UOWM, Kozani, Greece..
    Kalimeri, Krystallia
    Univ Western Macedonia, UOWM, Kozani, Greece..
    Saraga, Dikaia
    Univ Western Macedonia, UOWM, Kozani, Greece..
    Santamouris, Mattheos
    Natl Kapodistrian Univ Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece..
    Assimakopoulos, Margarita Niki
    Natl Kapodistrian Univ Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece..
    Asimakopoulos, Vasiliki
    Natl Kapodistrian Univ Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece..
    Carrer, Paolo
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Cattaneo, Andrea
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Pulvirenti, Salvatore
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Vercelli, Franco
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Strangi, Fabio
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Omeri, Elida
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Piazza, Silvia
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    D'Alcamo, Andrea
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Fanetti, Anna Clara
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Sestini, Piersante
    Univ Siena, USiena, Siena, Italy..
    Kouri, Magdalini
    Univ Siena, USiena, Siena, Italy..
    Viegi, Giovanni
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Sarno, Giuseppe
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Baldacci, Sandra
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Maio, Sara
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Cerrai, Sonia
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Franzitta, Vincenzo
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Bucchieri, Salvatore
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Cibella, Fabio
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Simoni, Marzia
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Neri, Margherita
    Fdn Salvatore Maugeri, FSM, Pavia, Italy..
    Martuzevicius, Dainius
    Kaunas Univ Technol, KTU, Kaunas, Lithuania..
    Krugly, Edvinas
    Kaunas Univ Technol, KTU, Kaunas, Lithuania..
    Montefort, Stephen
    Univ Malta, Msida, Malta..
    Fsadni, Peter
    Univ Malta, Msida, Malta..
    Brewczynski, Piotr Z.
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Krakowiak, Ewa
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Kurek, Jolanta
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Kubarek, Elibieta
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Wlazlo, Agnieszka
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Borrego, Carlos
    Univ Aveiro, UAVR CESAM, Ctr Environm & Marine Studies, Aveiro, Portugal..
    Alves, Celia
    Univ Aveiro, UAVR CESAM, Ctr Environm & Marine Studies, Aveiro, Portugal..
    Valente, Joana
    Univ Aveiro, UAVR CESAM, Ctr Environm & Marine Studies, Aveiro, Portugal..
    Gurzau, Eugen
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Rosu, Cristina
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Popita, Gabriela
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Neamtiu, Iulia
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Neagu, Cristina
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Bluyssen, Phylomena
    TNO, Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res, The Hague, Netherlands..
    Bohms, Michel
    TNO, Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res, The Hague, Netherlands..
    Van den Hazel, Peter
    Publ Hlth Serv Gelderland Midden, HVDGM, Arnhem, Netherlands..
    Cassee, Flemming
    Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, RIVM, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    de Bruin, Yuri Bruinen
    Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, RIVM, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Bartonova, Alena
    Norwegian Inst Air Res, NILU, Kjeller, Norway..
    Yang, Aileen
    Norwegian Inst Air Res, NILU, Kjeller, Norway..
    Halzlova, Katarina
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Jajcaj, Michal
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Kanikova, Milada
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Miklankova, Olga
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Vitkiva, Marianna
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Jovasevic-Stojanovic, Milena
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Zivkovic, Marija
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Stevanovic, Zarko
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Lazovic, Ivan
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Stevanovic, Zana
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Zivkovic, Zorica
    Dr Dragisa Misovic Med Ctr, MC, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Cerovic, Sofija
    Dr Dragisa Misovic Med Ctr, MC, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Jocic-Stojanovic, Jasmina
    Dr Dragisa Misovic Med Ctr, MC, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Mumovic, Dejan
    UCL, London, England..
    Tarttelin, Paula
    UCL, London, England..
    Chatzidiakou, Lia
    UCL, London, England..
    Chatzidiakou, Evangelia
    UCL, London, England..
    Dewolf, Marie-Christine
    Hainaut Publ Hlth Inst, Antwerp, Belgium..
    Indoor air pollution, physical and comfort parameters related to schoolchildren's health: Data from the European SINPHONIE study2020In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 739, article id 139870Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Substantial knowledge is available on the association of the indoor school environment and its effect among schoolchildren. In the same context, the SINPHONIE (School indoor pollution and health: Observatory network in Europe) conducted a study to collect data and determine the distribution of several indoor air pollutants (IAPs), physical and thermal parameters and their association with eye, skin, upper-, lower respiratory and systemic disorder symptoms during the previous three months. Finally, data from 115 schools in 54 European cities from 23 countries were collected and included 5175 schoolchildren using a harmonized and standardized protocol. The association between exposures and the health outcomes were examined using logistic regression models on the environmental stressors assessed in classroom while adjusting for several confounding factors; a VOC (volatile organic compound) score defined as the sum of the number of pollutants to which the children were highly exposed (concentration > median of the distribution) in classroom was also introduced to evaluate the mul tiexposu re - outcome association. Schoolchildren while adjusting for several confounding factors. Schoolchildren exposed to above or equal median concentration of PM2.5, benzene, limonene, ozone and radon were at significantly higher odds of suffering from upper, lower airways, eye and systemic disorders. Increased odds were also observed for any symptom (sick school syndrome) among schoolchildren exposed to concentrations of limonene and ozone above median values. Furthermore, the risks for upper and lower airways and systemic disorders significantly increased with the VOCs score. Results also showed that increased ventilation rate was significantly associated with decreased odds of suffering from eye and skin disorders whereas similar association was observed between temperature and upper airways symptoms. The present study provides evidence that exposure to IAPs in schools is associated with various health problems in children. Further investigations are needed to confirm our findings. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 47.
    Begum, Ruhena
    et al.
    Bangladesh Livestock Res Inst, Antimicrobial Resistance Act Ctr, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Akter, Rahima
    Bangladesh Livestock Res Inst, Antimicrobial Resistance Act Ctr, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Dang-Xuan, Sinh
    Int Livestock Res Inst, Dept Biosci, Hanoi, Vietnam..
    Islam, Shariful
    Bangladesh Livestock Res Inst, Antimicrobial Resistance Act Ctr, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Siddiky, Nure Alam
    Bangladesh Livestock Res Inst, Antimicrobial Resistance Act Ctr, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Uddin, A. S. M. Ashab
    Bangladesh Livestock Res Inst, Antimicrobial Resistance Act Ctr, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Mahmud, Asheak
    Bangladesh Livestock Res Inst, Antimicrobial Resistance Act Ctr, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Sarker, Md Samun
    Bangladesh Livestock Res Inst, Antimicrobial Resistance Act Ctr, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Grace, Delia
    Int Livestock Res Inst, Dept Biosci, Nairobi, Kenya.;Nat Resources Inst, Food & Markets Dept, Chatham, England..
    Samad, Mohammed Abdus
    Bangladesh Livestock Res Inst, Antimicrobial Resistance Act Ctr, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Lindahl, Johanna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, SWEDESD - Sustainability Learning and Research Centre. Int Livestock Res Inst, Dept Biosci, Hanoi, Vietnam.;Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Clin Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.;Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Biochem & Microbiol, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Heavy metal contamination in retailed food in Bangladesh: a dietary public health risk assessment2023In: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, E-ISSN 2571-581X, Vol. 7, article id 1085809Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IntroductionContamination with heavy and toxic metals along the food value chain is a public health concern in Bangladesh. MethodsIn this study, 608 fish and chicken samples from traditional and modern retail outlets in urban, peri-urban, and rural areas were collected and analyzed for chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) contamination, using atomic absorption spectrometry method. The daily intake, target hazard quotient and the target carcinogenic risk (for lead only) as a result of fish and chicken consumption was calculated based on mean results, and by Monte Carlo simulation in @Risk with 100,000 iterations (quantitative risk assessment). ResultsCr and Cd were detected in 80-86% of both chicken meat and fish samples, while Pb positivity found in chicken meat and fish was 54.9 and 23.3%, respectively. The mean concentration (+/- SD) of Cr, Cd, and Pb in chicken meat were 0.66 +/- 0.93, 0.02 +/- 0.03, and 0.09 +/- 0.10 mg/kg, respectively; and in fish were 0.49 +/- 0.62, 0.02 +/- 0.03, and 0.06 +/- 0.09 mg/kg, respectively. The estimated daily intakes of Cr, Cd, and Pb from chicken and fish were lower than the maximum tolerable daily intake in all studied areas. In addition, the target carcinogenic risk for Pb in chicken was lower than the negligible range, which indicated the risk of cancer due to exposure to Pb through chicken meat and fish consumption was very low. DiscussionThe present study concludes that consumption of chicken meat and fish in Bangladesh, currently at very low levels, is unlikely to constitute a major health risk for humans in respect to these metals. However, continuous market surveillance for heavy metals in food stuff is recommended, especially since consumers may increase their meat intake.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 48.
    Bellavia, Andrea
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Biostat Unit, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Akerstedt, Torbjorn
    Stockholm Univ, Stress Res Inst, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Div Insurance Med, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Bottai, Matteo
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Biostat Unit, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wolk, Alicja
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Orsini, Nicola
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Biostat Unit, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sleep Duration and Survival Percentiles Across Categories of Physical Activity2014In: American Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0002-9262, E-ISSN 1476-6256, Vol. 179, no 4, p. 484-491Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The association between long sleep duration and death is not fully understood. Long sleep is associated with low physical activity, which is a strong predictor of death. Our aim was to investigate the association between sleep duration and death across categories of total physical activity in a large prospective cohort of Swedish men and women. We followed a population-based cohort of 70,973 participants (37,846 men and 33,127 women), aged 4583 years, from January 1998 to December 2012. Sleep duration and physical activity levels were assessed through a questionnaire. We evaluated the association of interest in terms of mortality rates by estimating hazard ratios with Cox regression and in terms of survival by evaluating 15th survival percentile differences with Laplace regression. During 15 years of follow-up, we recorded 14,575 deaths (8,436 men and 6,139 women). We observed a significant interaction between sleep duration and physical activity in predicting death (P 0.001). Long sleep duration (8 hours) was associated with increased mortality risk (hazard ratio 1.24; 95 confidence interval: 1.11, 1.39) and shorter survival (15th percentile difference 20 months; 95 confidence interval: 30, 11) among only those with low physical activity. The association between long sleep duration and death might be partly explained by comorbidity with low physical activity.

  • 49.
    Bellini, Diego
    et al.
    Univ Verona, Assessment Ctr, Via S Francesco 22, I-37129 Verona, VR, Italy.
    Hartig, Terry
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for Housing and Urban Research.
    Bonaiuto, Marino
    Sapienza Univ Roma, Dept Psychol Dev & Socializat Proc, Interuniv Res Ctr Environm Psychol CIRPA, Rome, Italy.
    Social support in the company canteen: A restorative resource buffering the relationship between job demands and fatigue2019In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 63, no 3, p. 375-387Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The quality of the places where workers take their breaks may affect the completeness of recovery in the time available. Little is known about how characteristics of a company canteen buffer the relationship between job demands and fatigue. OBJECTIVE: We addressed the possibility that the company canteen buffers the relationship between job demands and fatigue to the extent that workers perceive it to hold restorative quality. Further, we considered how the restorative quality of the canteen signals the provision of organizational support, another job resource thought to buffer the demands-fatigue relationship. METHODS: A questionnaire was completed by 141 male blue collars workers during their lunch break in the factory canteen of an Italian industrial organization. RESULTS: Canteen restorative quality correlated positively with organizational support. In multivariate regression analyses, the demands-fatigue association was weaker among workers who saw greater restorative quality in the canteen. This buffering effect was accounted for by a buffering effect of organizational support. CONCLUSIONS: When settings for rest in the workplace have higher restorative quality, they may better function as job resources in two respects: serving the immediate needs of workers for recovery from job demands, and signaling the interest of the organization in their well-being.

  • 50.
    Bergkvist, C.
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kippler, M.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Larsson, S. C.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Berglund, M.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Biochem Toxicol Unit, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Glynn, A.
    Natl Food Agcy, Dept Risk & Benefit Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Wolk, A.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Akesson, A.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Nutr Epidemiol, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls is associated with increased risk of stroke in women2014In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 276, no 3, p. 248-259Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. The potentially beneficial effects of fish consumption on stroke may be modified by major food contaminants in fish. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in particular are proposed to play a role in the aetiology of stroke. The aim of this study was to assess the association between dietary PCB exposure and stroke risk with the intake of long-chain omega-3 fish fatty acids and fish consumption. Design. The prospective population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort was examined. It was comprised of 34 591 women free of cardiovascular diseases and cancer at baseline in 1997 and followed up for 12 years. Validated estimates of dietary PCB exposure were obtained via a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Incident cases of stroke were ascertained through register linkage. Results. During 12 years of follow-up (397 309 person-years), there were 2015 incident cases of total stroke (1532 ischaemic strokes, 216 intracerebral haemorrhages, 94 subarachnoid haemorrhages and 173 unspecified strokes). Multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RR), controlled for known stroke risk factors and fish consumption, were 1.67 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29-2.17] for total stroke, 1.61 (95% CI, 1.19-2.17) for ischaemic stroke and 2.80 (95% CI, 1.42-5.55) for haemorrhagic stroke for women in the highest quartile of dietary PCB exposure (median 288 ng day(-1)) compared with women in the lowest quartile (median 101 ng day(-1)). Conclusion. Dietary exposure to PCBs was associated with an increased stroke risk in women, especially haemorrhagic stroke. The results provide important information regarding the risk-benefit analysis of fish consumption, particularly for cerebrovascular disease prevention.

1234567 1 - 50 of 551
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf