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  • 1.
    Aaboen, Lise
    et al.
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology .
    La Rocca, Antonella
    BI Norwegian Business School.
    Lind, Frida
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Perna, Andrea
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Industrial Engineering & Management. Universita' Politecnica delle Marche.
    Shih, Tommy
    Starting up in Business Networks: Why relationships matter in entrepreneurship2016 (ed. 1st)Book (Refereed)
  • 2.
    Aage, Hans
    Roskilde University, Denmark.
    24. The state: economic policy and democracy2002In: The Baltic Sea Region: Cultures, Politics, Societies / [ed] Witold Maciejewski, Uppsala: Baltic University Press , 2002, 1, p. 322-332Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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    fulltext
  • 3.
    Aage, Hans
    Roskilde University, Denmark.
    25. Economic Instruments: Three Interlinkages Between Ecology and Economics2012In: Rural Development and Land Use / [ed] Lars Rydén and Ingrid Karlsson, Uppsala: Baltic University Press , 2012, 1, p. 280-293Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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    ehsa 3-25
  • 4.
    Aage, Hans
    Roskilde University, Denmark.
    46. Trends in economic transition2002In: The Baltic Sea Region: Cultures, Politics, Societies / [ed] Witold Maciejewski, Uppsala: Baltic University Press , 2002, 1, p. 591-600Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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    BSR 8-46
  • 5.
    Aage, Hans
    Roskilde University, Denmark.
    50. EU enlargement2001In: The Baltic Sea Region: Cultures, Politics, Societies / [ed] Witold Maciejewski, Uppsala: Baltic University Press , 2001, 1, p. 630-638Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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    BSR 8-50
  • 6.
    Aage, Hans
    Roskilde University, Denmark.
    51. The environment2002In: The Baltic Sea Region: Cultures, Politics, Societies / [ed] Witold Maciejewski, Uppsala: Baltic University Press , 2002, 1, p. 639-650Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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    BSR 8-51
  • 7.
    Aage, Hans
    Roskilde University, Denmark.
    BSR Section 8: Introduction2002In: The Baltic Sea Region: Cultures, Politics, Societies / [ed] Witold Maciejewski, Uppsala: Baltic University Press , 2002, 1, p. 588-590Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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    BSR 8-intro
  • 8.
    Aaheim, Asbjørn
    et al.
    CICERO; Dept. of Economics, University of Oslo, Norway.
    Mideksa, Torben
    CICERO.
    Requirements to metrics of greenhouse gas emissions, given a cap on temperature2017In: Ecological Economics, ISSN 0921-8009, E-ISSN 1873-6106, Vol. 131, p. 460-467Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The literature on metrics to measure contributions to climate change from emissions of different greenhouse gases divides into studies that highlight physical aspects and studies that show the importance of economic factors. This paper distinguishes the physical aspects and implications of economic factors by asking what is demanded from physically based metrics if used for a specific policy objective. We study the aim of maximizing the welfare of emissions generated by consumption when there is a limit to the increase in global mean temperature. In that case, metrics ought to change over time, with increasing weight on short-living gases before the temperature limit is met. Metrics for short-living gases increase also with increasing uncertainty. Adjustments to new information spur higher metrics for short-living gases if it reduces the expected allowable emissions before the target is met, and lower metrics in the opposite case. Under a binding target, metrics refer to the instantaneous impact on radiative forcing multiplied by the lifetime of the respective gases, and adjusted by the attitude to risk.

  • 9.
    Aalto, Aino-Maija
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Incentives and Inequalities in Family and Working Life2018Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Essay I: Same-gender teachers may affect educational preferences by acting as role models for their students. I study the importance of the gender composition of teachers in math and science during lower secondary school on the likelihood to continue in math-intensive tracks in the next levels of education. I use population wide register data from Sweden and control for family fixed effects to account for sorting into schools. According to my results, the gender gap in graduating with a math-intensive track in upper secondary school would decrease by 16 percent if the share of female math and science teachers would be changed from none to all at lower secondary school. The gap in math-related university degrees would decrease by 22 percent from the same treatment. The performance is not affected by the higher share of female science teachers, only the likelihood to choose science, suggesting that the effects arise because female teachers serve as role models for female students.

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  • 10.
    Aalto, Aino-Maija
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    The (in)effectiveness of financial incentive on fertility behaviour: Childcare –a safety net for children?2017Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Is childcare a safety net for vulnerable children? This paper investigates the role of childcare for the health outcomes of children whose parents are unemployed. Exploiting time variation in childcare access resulting from a reform requiring Swedish municipalities to provide childcare also for children with unemployed parents, we estimate causal effects on health, as measured by register data on hospitalizations. We find that access to childcare reduced hospitalizations for infections among toddlers, especially among boys. Among children in preschool age access to childcare caused a temporary increase in hospitalization for infections the year they got access to childcare.

  • 11.
    Aalto, Aino-Maija
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Mörk, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics. Uppsala University, Units outside the University, The Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy (IFAU).
    Sjögren, Anna
    Uppsala University, Units outside the University, The Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy (IFAU).
    Svaleryd, Helena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics, Uppsala Center for Fiscal Studies.
    Childcare - A safety net for children? 2018Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We analyze how access to childcare affects health outcomes of children with unemployed parents using a reform that increased childcare access in some Swedish municipalities. For 4–5 year olds, we find an immediate increase in infection-related hospitalization, when these children first get access to childcare. We find no effect on younger children. When children are 10–11 years of age, children who did not have access to childcare when parents were unemployed are more likely to take medication for respiratory conditions. Taken together, our results thus suggest that access to childcare exposes children to risks for infections, but that need for medication in school age is lower for children who had access.

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    fulltext
  • 12.
    Aaltonen, Suvi
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Rekilä, Elina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Analysis of Companies' Attitudes Towards Recruitment of Skilled Refugees in Finland2016Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Migratory flows have escalated especially during the past year. In general, the current refugee crisis has formulated both negative and positive stances towards refugees. In consequence of various perspectives, it was seen relevant to spread awareness of the skilled refugees as a potential workforce. Subsequently, this thesis concentrates on analysing companies' attitudes of skilled refugees’ employment in Finland. In relation to a recent German study, reflections towards refugees' employment are made.

    The attitudinal scope of this thesis refers to the complexity of the topic. Companies' stances were examined by setting 'bipolar attitude pairs' to enable thematic analysis. The key findings suggest a strong indication to openness towards hiring skilled refugees. However, the results demonstrate a solid correlation with criticality in regard to the plausibility of skills. Facilitating employment of skilled refugees are not seen as a top priority for most of the companies, partially due to lacking multicultural work communities and the experience of hiring foreigners in Finland. 

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  • 13.
    Aarenstrup, Jesper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Lagerström, Adam
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Evaluating Business Intelligence Investments: is comparative evaluation enough?2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the study is to evaluate and describe how three large companies with Swedish presence have coped with the investment appraisal ex-ante a purchase of a BI system. Further, the paper strives to investigate how the companies evaluated the perceived benefits, which are of intangible nature and hence difficult to quantify. 

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    Evaluating Business Intelligence Investments,Aarenstrup&Lagerstom
  • 14.
    Aasa, Johannes
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Blir det bättre med tiden?: En studie av Large cap-noterade bolags nedskrivningsprövningar av goodwill2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    År 2005 beslutades att svenska företag vars aktier är noterade på en reglerad marknadsplats ska upprätta sina årsredovisningar enligt regelverket IFRS. En av många förändringar som detta medförde var att den immateriella illgången goodwill årligen ska nedskrivningsprövas, istället för att som tidigare linjärt avskrivas. För att utföra en nedskrivningsprövning måste ett företag värdera goodwill. Det inbegriper att fastställa en rad antaganden och precisera nyckeltal. Information om processen ska enligt standarden IAS 36 finnas att tillgå i företagets årsredovisning. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om svenska företag noterade på Large cap-listan har blivit bättre på att uppfylla informationskraven som preciseras i IAS 36 mellan år 2006 och år 2012. Studien omfattar de företag på Large cap-listan som innehar goodwillposter i år 2006 och 2012 års årsredovisningar, exklusive företag som tillhör branschen Healthcare. Resultatet från undersökningen påvisar en förbättring mellan de två undersökta åren för samtliga branscher. Det betyder att intressenter som vill läsa företagens finanisella rapporter har mer och bättre information om goodwill att tillgå.

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    Blir det bättre med tiden?
  • 15.
    Aasen, Simon
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Skogli, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Har marknaden klimatångest?: En studie om hur svenska aktiemarknaden reagerade på släppet av FN:s klimatrapport sommaren 20212022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a report on climate change in August of 2021. The report has been seen as a "code red" for humanity's fight against climate change. Previous research shows that climate and environmental events can result in abnormal stock returns for sustainable investments. However, a similar study is missing for the Swedish market and in this study we investigate if the publication of the report from IPCC 2021 had an impact on the return on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. We conduct an event study to see the stock market reactions for the entire stock exchange, as well as for sustainable and less sustainable stocks. No significant results could be observed and we therefore conclude that the Swedish stock market did not react to the release of the IPCC report. 

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    fulltext
  • 16.
    Aastangen, Kim
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Parsimony and Fragility of Hedonic Housing Price Indexes - Some Evidence from the Oslo Metropolitan Area1998Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other scientific)
  • 17.
    Abbas, Jaser
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economic History.
    Varför höll man auktion? En undersökning av auktioner i Södermanlands län år 1860 - 18972012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 18.
    Abbasian, Saeid
    et al.
    Handelshögskolan i Jönköping.
    Johannisson, Bengt
    Handelshögskolan i Jönköping.
    Pesämaa, Ossi
    Handelshögskolan i Jönköping.
    Rylander, David
    Handelshögskolan i Jönköping.
    Bridging Traditional and Experience Industries: Lessons from the Gnosjö Region2010In: Social Capital and Development Trends in Rural Areas / [ed] Hans Westlund & Kiyoshi Kobayashi, Jönköping: Jönköping International Business School & Marg (Marginal Areas Research Group), Kyoto University/Japan , 2010, Vol 5, p. 41-53Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 19.
    Abbasian, Saeid
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan/Centre for Innovation system, Entrepreneurship and Growth.
    Johansson-Björk, Siw
    Naturen som inspiration och rekreation2010In: Gnosjöandan i ny riktning: Design, upplevelser, kulturarv / [ed] David Rylander & Saeid Abbasian, Jönköping: EIDI , 2010Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 20.
    Abdi, Ikran
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Does equity volatility affect the corporate investment level?2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The paper studies the relation between valuation and corporate investment level. It provides an insight to the q-model and its implications for investment level. By acknowledge the q-model’s empirical shortcomings it questions whether adjustments for volatility will strengthen the q-model empirically. It argues: as volatility is a proxy for risk, stock market volatility would be related to firm behaviour and investment decisions.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 21.
    Abdo, Johanna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Gustavsson, Camilla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Controllerns funktion en studie av business controllerns arbetsuppgifter2005Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Undersökningen visar att en business controller i större utsträckning arbetar med analys och omvärldsbevakning än tidigare, vilket kräver att de tar hänsyn till både intern och extern information. Samtidigt har de inte helt övergivit redovisningsrelaterade arbetsuppgifter eftersom att det är en viktig del av den ekonomiska verksamheten, som business controllern behöver en övergripande förståelse för. En aspekt som påverkar business controllerns arbetsuppgifter i stor utsträckning är personalansvar.

  • 22.
    Abdo, Johanna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Gustavsson, Camilla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Hur ser revisorn på sitt oberoende?: En caseundersökning utifrån analysmodellen2006Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    En förutsättning för att revisorer ska kunna säkra tilltron till de granskande företagen är att de uppfattas som oberoende. En av anledningarna till att det är intressant att undersöka revisorns oberoende är att analysmodellen, som är ett verktyg för att säkra detta, lagstadgades för fyra år sedan, och vi förutsätter att den nu har förankrats bland revisorerna i Sverige. Frågor som tittas närmare på i undersökningen är om det är möjligt för en revisor att uppehålla sitt oberoende samtidigt som denne uppfyller kundernas krav, och hur revisorerna tolkar regleringen kring oberoende i sitt arbete. Undersökningen baseras på analysmodellens fem huvudsakliga oberoendehot. Studien genomförs genom att presentera ett case för godkända och auktoriserade revisorer, som efterföljs av en diskussion.

    Resultaten av undersökningen visar att revisorernas verklighet skiljer sig från befintliga regelverk i vissa hänseenden. I många situationer är en revisor mer överseende än vad lagens riktlinjer är. I slutändan är det upp till revisorn själv att avgöra vart gränserna går för revisorns oberoende, vilket kan ifrågasätta analysmodellens existens.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 23.
    Abdulreda, Alico
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Giba, Gabriela
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Generation Y: En studie om vad som motiverar yngre medarbetare2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Generation Y or Millennials are people born 1980-1999. They are raised with a more advanced technology like no other generation before them. The technology has affected the individuals from generation Y in a way which has led them to become impatience. Studies have shown that people in generation Y are very emotional compared to other generations before them. Individuals from generation Y are already entering the labour market. Studies have shown that if an organisation wants to have a bright future the employees are a very important access. A leader who knows how to motivate and lead his co-workers has a great asset which may have a positive impact on the organisation. The purpose of this study is to understand what motivates people who are included in generation Y and what kind of leadership suits them best. Most of the theoretical framework came from scientific articles with theories and models of motivation and leadership for generation Y. Semi-structured interviews were chosen for the research method to get right information. The result of the study showed that generation Y is mostly motivated by inner motivation and prefer a leader who can adapt to the many work situations that can occur in the organisations.

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    fulltext
  • 24.
    Abedian, Emil
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Mattsson, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Revisionsplikt: Mikroföretagens inställning till revision och revisorer2005Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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    FULLTEXT01
  • 25.
    Abedian, Emil
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Pettersson, Helene
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    "REVISORN SKA INTE BEHÖVA VARA NÅGON STÅLMANNEN": En efterfrågestudie av revisorsproven2005Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 26.
    Abonyi, Balazs
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Johansson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    "Die deutsche Welle""Den tyska vågen": En studie om nya trender i investeringsflöden från Tyskland till Sverige2006Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 27.
    Abonyi, Balazs
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Johansson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Let's get social on the way to the market: A study of German companies' internationalization proceses2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Germany and Sweden have been significant trade partners throughout history, which has even strengthened during the last decades. Many German firms have established their business in Sweden and vice versa. The Uppsala model has often been used to describe the way a company becomes international. However, in recent years there has been a demand for a new perspective that also takes the social aspect of internationalization into account. This paper focuses on these two approaches and tries to combine them. We have conducted a survey amongst German companies that are members in the Swedish-German Chamber of Commerce and also conducted an interview with the CEO of the Chamber Dipl.Ing. Klaus Bohler. We analyzed our answers and presented our conclusions, which suggests that a significant part of the firms questioned relied on their former social ties when they decided about entering the Swedish market. However, the mode of entry was not influenced remarkably. Furthermore, we concluded that the German counterparts were more active in seeking business opportunities; in more than 60 percent of the cases the initiative was taken by the German seller.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 28.
    Abou Ramadan, Ibrahim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Bergström, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Trenden inom den frivilliga miljöredovisningen: - En studie om hur företagens storlek och branschtillhörighet påverkar trenden2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Det har blivit allt vanligare att företagen redovisar om deras miljöpåverkan samt hur de Arbetar för att minska deras miljöpåverkan. Att företag frivilligt publicerar miljöredovisningar har skapat en diskussion bland forskare, som försöker att besvara frågor som varför företag frivilligt redovisar om deras miljöpåverkan samt hur olika företagsegenskaper påverkar miljöredovisningen. Denna undersökning syftar till att testa om legitimitetsteorin kan förklara sambandet mellan samhällets miljömedvetenhet och företagens miljöredovisning samt undersöka hur egenskaperna storlek och branschtillhörighet påverkar detta samband. Undersökningen bygger på miljöredovisningar hämtade från årsredovisningar och CSR redovisningar för 144 börsnoterade svenska företag från åren 2005 och 2011.  Antalet sidor och innehållet i miljöredovisningarna analyserades med hjälp av en innehållsanalys. Resultatet av denna undersökning tyder på att legitimitetsteorin kan förklara sambandet mellan samhällets miljömedvetenhet och företagens miljöredovisning, samt att företagens storlek och branschtillhörigheten tycks påverka sambandet. Företagens storlek och branschtillhörighet tycks påverka både antalet sidor och innehållet i miljöredovisningen.

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    AbouRamadan & Bergström
  • 29.
    Abou-Reslan, Linda
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Pehrson, Sandra
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Risk and Risk Management in Swedish fintech startups2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 30.
    Abraha, Desalegn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Establishment Processes in an Underdeveloped Country: The Case of Swedish Firms in Kenya1994Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
  • 31.
    Abraham, Wintana
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Women’s education- perhaps one of the most powerful tools to reduce child mortality?: A cross-sectional study on the relationship between maternal education and childhood malaria prevention in Uganda2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Malaria is one of the leading causes of child mortality in the world today. Almost half a million children die from the disease every year (OWID 2022). Uganda is currently one of few countries globally where more than 90 % of the population are at risk of malaria (Target Malaria 2023). Decades of academic research has shown that maternal education plays an important role in the reduction of malaria in children. Hence, this thesis seeks to further explore this relationship in Uganda by first examining how maternal education impacts children’s bed net use and if the effect depends on the level of wealth. Secondly, the aim is to also analyze if maternal education increases malaria knowledge. The methods used for this were the multiple regression model and the linear probability model. The results showed that when mothers went from having no education to at least some secondary education, children’s bed net use increased with 14.8% on average. Although not statistically significant, the importance of maternal education was 2.64% higher on average for poor mothers when they went from no education to at least some primary education. Lastly, knowledge about malaria increased 0.98% on average when mothers went from no education to at least some primary education.

  • 32.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Gotland University, Department of Business Administration.
    Att påverka aktiepriset2009In: Gotlandsakademikertycker om … / [ed] Adri De Ridder, 2009, p. 9-15Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Birds of a feather flock together: A study of new shareholders and Swedish IPOs2018In: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, ISSN 2214-6350, E-ISSN 2214-6369, Vol. 18, p. 1-17Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper analyzes new individual investors (rookies) and the importance of initial public offerings (IPOs)in attracting rookies to the stock market, which is an issue previous research has not focused on. The paperuses stock ownership records for publicly listed Swedish firms together with data on IPOs for the period2004–2010. We find the proportion of IPO investors among rookies to be larger than for non-rookies andthat rookies are more likely to invest in IPOs than non-rookies. Thus, IPOs appear to attract rookies to alarger extent than non-rookies. Moreover, rookies investing in IPOs have a higher income and hold largerstock portfolios, but they receive lower returns compared with other rookies. In addition, the results showthat even for rookies, sophisticated investors receive higher returns than less sophisticated investors.

  • 34.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Birds of a Feather Flock Together: First Time Investors and IPOs2015In: Proceedings of 10th Annual London Business Research Conference / [ed] Md. Mahbubul Hoque Bhuiyan, 2015Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Initial public offerings (IPOs) are firms entering the stock market, through offering shares to be publicly traded in the stock market for the first time. Similarly, first time stock investors (rookies) enter the stock market through buying shares. Investment decisions have been interesting to study both for academics and practitioners for decades. In this paper knowledge on IPOs and investment decisions of rookies are brought together. Moreover, rookies who chose to invest in initial public offerings (IPOs) as their entry to the stock market. The study is based on a hand-collected dataset of IPOs and of an ownership registry of all Swedish shareholders. The study shows that IPOs can serve as a first time investment for rookies, however, preferred together with other shares. Rookies investing in IPOs hold larger portfolios and have larger income than other rookies. IPOs attract rookies to larger extent than non-rookies. Thereby, through IPOs the stock market receives not only new firms but also new investors.

  • 35.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Finansmarknaden fungerar inte som du tror2021In: Organisation & Samhälle, ISSN 2001-9114, E-ISSN 2002-0287, no 2, p. 60-63Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Flockbeteende, hybris, timing och brist på diversifiering gör att småsparare underpresterar på börsen.

  • 36.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Offer Price and Ownership Structure: A Study of Shareholders in Swedish IPOs 2006–2016Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study uses the stock ownership records of Swedish firms and hand-collected Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) data to analyze the offer prices and underpricing of IPO shares and the relationship with the post-IPO ownership structure. The results show that for IPO stocks with low offer prices, individual investors hold a relatively large fraction of shares compared with IPO stocks with higher offer prices. Furthermore, for low-priced IPOs, there is a negative relationship between offer price and breadth of ownership, showing that stocks with a low price can attract more investors than stocks with higher offer prices. However, there is also a size effect, with breadth of ownership being higher for larger firms. Overall, this study shows that the offer price of an IPO firm may have a moderate effect on its post-IPO ownership structure.

  • 37.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Offer Price and Ownership Structure: A Study of Shareholders in Swedish IPOs 2006–20162019In: Southwestern Finance Association Annual Meeting / [ed] Prof. Thomas Thompson, Houston, 2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper analyzes the relationship between initial public offerings (IPOs) and the post-IPO ownership structure of these firms. The study uses the stock ownership records of Swedish firms together with hand-collected IPO data to analyze the nominal offer prices of IPO shares and the relationship with their post-IPO ownership structure. The results show that for IPO stocks with low offer prices, individual investors hold a relatively large fraction of the shares compared with IPO stocks with higher offer prices. Furthermore, for low-priced IPOs, there is a negative relationship between offer price and breadth of ownership. However, there is also a size effect, with the breadth of ownership being higher for larger firms. Overall, this study shows that firms can affect their post-IPO ownership structure when setting their offer price.

  • 38.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies. Faculty of Business, Kristianstad University, Elmetorpsv. 15, 291 88 Kristianstad, Sweden.
    Offer Price and Post-IPO Ownership Structure2024In: Journal of Risk and Financial Management, ISSN 1911-8066, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 61-61Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In an initial public offering (IPO) the firm can set the offer price of its shares, based on the valuation of the firm, by changing the number of shares. This study uses stock ownership records and hand-collected IPO data to analyze the offer prices, the underpricing of IPO shares (measured as the initial return, IR) and the relationship with the post-IPO ownership structure. Specifically, the paper focuses on individual IPO investors. The results show that for the lowest priced IPOs the IR is significantly higher priced IPOs. Furthermore, for the low-priced IPOs, there is a negative relationship between offer price and breadth of ownership. This implies that stocks with a low price can attract more investors than stocks with higher offer prices. However, for high-priced IPOs the relationship is positive, suggesting that also the IPOs with highest price attract more investors. Overall, this study shows that the offer price of an IPO firm may have a moderate effect on its post-IPO ownership structure.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Offer Price
  • 39.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Rookies Attracting Rookies2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper studies initial public offerings (IPOs) and the individual shareholders of IPO firms, with a focus on IPO investment decisions of individual investors (rookies) entering the stock market. The study, which uses a hand-collected dataset of IPOs and an ultimate ownership registry of all Swedish shareholders, analyzes the IPO investment decisions of rookies. This paper aims to analyze IPO investor characteristics but mainly focuses on the importance of IPOs in attracting stock market rookies. The results show that rookies investing in IPOs hold larger portfolios and have higher income than other rookies, indicating sophistication among IPO rookies compared with other rookies. Moreover, the proportion of IPO investors among rookies is compared to that of non-rookies, showing that IPOs attract rookies to a larger extent than non-rookies. IPOs therefore seem to play a previously overlooked role of attracting rookies to the stock market.

  • 40.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Rookies to the Stock Market2015In: Eastern Finance Association 2015 Program April 8-11, New Orleans / [ed] Professor Daniel Bradley, 2015Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    “Rookies tothe Stock Market”Martin Abrahamson*Working paper, please do not quote or publish, without permission from the author [Version,March2015]

    This study focuses on individual investors entering the stock market “rookies”. A unique data set reflecting all individual investor holdings in Swedish stocks over the sample period 2004 to 2010 is used to examine portfolio preferences.Although the average shareholder is aging,the study shows signs of rejuvenation, since rookies are attracted to the stock market. The results show that the majority of the rookies choose one well-known company for their first stock market investment.The rookie characteristics show gender differences, where female rookies have lower income, are older but hold larger portfolios than their male equivalent.

  • 41.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Rookies to the Stock Market: A Portrait of New Shareholders2016In: Research In International Business and Finance, ISSN 0275-5319, E-ISSN 1878-3384, Vol. 38, no 3, p. 565-576Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines individuals entering the stock market, “rookies.” The study uses unique ownership data, containing investor holdings of all listed Swedish firms over the sample period from 2004 to 2010, to examine rookies’ stock portfolios. In addition, this study explores investor sophistication among rookies, based on individual characteristics and portfolio composition. Although the average shareholder is aging and leaving the stock market, this study shows there are signs of rejuvenation, with rookies entering the stock market. The results show that the majority of rookies hold under-diversified stock portfolios and choose one large firm as their first stock market investment. Rookie characteristics display gender differences, in which the average female rookie has lower income, is older, but holds a larger stock portfolio than her male counterpart.

  • 42.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Shareholders and Cherry-Picking IPOs: Studies on Shareholders, Initial Public Offerings and Firm Ownership Structure2020Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This dissertation explores investor characteristics and shareholdings of publicly traded Swedish firms. The dissertation consists of an introductory chapter, three published papers, and one working paper. All four papers use Swedish data. Two of the studies examine initial public offerings (IPOs) and the ownership structure; one explores first-time shareholders, and one examines IPOs and first-time shareholders.

    Paper I studies IPOs with the focus on initial return, the allocation of the shares and inside holdings. The paper presents evidence on allocation of shares to institutional and individual investors. The paper highlights the information asymmetry between institutional and individual investors and shows a wealth transfer from old to new shareholders. The results also show that money left on the table is received primarily by institutions rather than individual investors.

    Paper II explores the characteristics of first-time shareholders (rookies). I portray the rookies of the stock market and present a model to explain portfolio characteristics. The results show that despite the trend of individuals leaving the stock market, there are new individuals investing in stocks. I also show that gender balance among individual shareholders is rather even, which contradicts approximations of previous studies in other countries. The paper also raises the concern of diversifying stock portfolios, as the average portfolio holds less than four shares for all individuals and less than two for rookies. 

    Paper III studies the relationship between IPOs and rookies. The paper highlights whether rookies invest in IPOs. The results show that besides bringing new firms to the stock market, IPOs contribute to that market, as they attract rookies to invest in the IPOs. The results also show that the return for rookies investing in IPOs is lower compared with rookies investing in non-IPOs.

    Paper IV studies the relationship between offer price and post-IPO ownership structure. The paper uses price groups and two definitions of breadth of ownership in the analyses. The results show that firms can affect their post-IPO ownership structure through the offer price.

    List of papers
    1. Allocation of shares to foreign and domestic investors: Firm and ownership characteristics in Swedish IPOs
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Allocation of shares to foreign and domestic investors: Firm and ownership characteristics in Swedish IPOs
    2015 (English)In: Research In International Business and Finance, ISSN 0275-5319, E-ISSN 1878-3384, Vol. 34, p. 52-65Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, we analyze underpricing of initial public offerings (IPOs) and holdings following offerings in Sweden. By exploiting a unique hand-collected data set with information on the ultimate holdings by institutional and individual investors, as well as boards of directors, we find, as most prior studies, that IPOs on average are underpriced. IPOs with low (high) initial return have higher (lower) holdings by individual investors. Institutional investors are, to a greater extent than individual investors, also able to identify underpriced firms.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2015
    Keywords
    Finance, IPO, Allocation, Underpricing, Investors, Breadth of Ownership, foreign
    National Category
    Business Administration Social Sciences
    Research subject
    Business Studies
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-240313 (URN)10.1016/j.ribaf.2014.12.002 (DOI)
    Available from: 2015-01-07 Created: 2015-01-07 Last updated: 2020-06-12
    2. Rookies to the Stock Market: A Portrait of New Shareholders
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Rookies to the Stock Market: A Portrait of New Shareholders
    2016 (English)In: Research In International Business and Finance, ISSN 0275-5319, E-ISSN 1878-3384, Vol. 38, no 3, p. 565-576Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines individuals entering the stock market, “rookies.” The study uses unique ownership data, containing investor holdings of all listed Swedish firms over the sample period from 2004 to 2010, to examine rookies’ stock portfolios. In addition, this study explores investor sophistication among rookies, based on individual characteristics and portfolio composition. Although the average shareholder is aging and leaving the stock market, this study shows there are signs of rejuvenation, with rookies entering the stock market. The results show that the majority of rookies hold under-diversified stock portfolios and choose one large firm as their first stock market investment. Rookie characteristics display gender differences, in which the average female rookie has lower income, is older, but holds a larger stock portfolio than her male counterpart.

    Keywords
    Individual investor, Finance, Stock market, Stock portfolio, Rookie, Behavioral finance, New, First-time
    National Category
    Business Administration
    Research subject
    Business Studies
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-300475 (URN)10.1016/j.ribaf.2016.07.001 (DOI)000386012800045 ()
    Available from: 2016-08-09 Created: 2016-08-09 Last updated: 2020-06-12Bibliographically approved
    3. Birds of a feather flock together: A study of new shareholders and Swedish IPOs
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Birds of a feather flock together: A study of new shareholders and Swedish IPOs
    2018 (English)In: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, ISSN 2214-6350, E-ISSN 2214-6369, Vol. 18, p. 1-17Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    This paper analyzes new individual investors (rookies) and the importance of initial public offerings (IPOs)in attracting rookies to the stock market, which is an issue previous research has not focused on. The paperuses stock ownership records for publicly listed Swedish firms together with data on IPOs for the period2004–2010. We find the proportion of IPO investors among rookies to be larger than for non-rookies andthat rookies are more likely to invest in IPOs than non-rookies. Thus, IPOs appear to attract rookies to alarger extent than non-rookies. Moreover, rookies investing in IPOs have a higher income and hold largerstock portfolios, but they receive lower returns compared with other rookies. In addition, the results showthat even for rookies, sophisticated investors receive higher returns than less sophisticated investors.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2018
    Keywords
    behavioral, finance, shareholder, individual, IPO, rookie
    National Category
    Business Administration
    Research subject
    Business Studies
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-346135 (URN)10.1016/j.jbef.2018.01.002 (DOI)000436833000001 ()
    Available from: 2018-03-14 Created: 2018-03-14 Last updated: 2020-06-12Bibliographically approved
    4. Offer Price and Ownership Structure: A Study of Shareholders in Swedish IPOs 2006–2016
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Offer Price and Ownership Structure: A Study of Shareholders in Swedish IPOs 2006–2016
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study uses the stock ownership records of Swedish firms and hand-collected Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) data to analyze the offer prices and underpricing of IPO shares and the relationship with the post-IPO ownership structure. The results show that for IPO stocks with low offer prices, individual investors hold a relatively large fraction of shares compared with IPO stocks with higher offer prices. Furthermore, for low-priced IPOs, there is a negative relationship between offer price and breadth of ownership, showing that stocks with a low price can attract more investors than stocks with higher offer prices. However, there is also a size effect, with breadth of ownership being higher for larger firms. Overall, this study shows that the offer price of an IPO firm may have a moderate effect on its post-IPO ownership structure.

    Keywords
    corporate finance, IPO, ownership structure, Sweden, shareholder, offer price
    National Category
    Business Administration
    Research subject
    Business Studies
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412532 (URN)
    Available from: 2020-06-09 Created: 2020-06-09 Last updated: 2020-06-12Bibliographically approved
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download (jpg)
    presentationsbild
  • 43.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies. Högskolan på Gotland.
    Who are They?: - The Swedish and other European Shareholders in Sweden, before and during the current financial crisis2013In: European Integration in Swedish Economic Research: The 15h Annual SNEE European Integration Conference in Mölle, Sweden May 21st-24th 2013 / [ed] Lars Oxelheim, 2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Early working idea of a paper, please do not quote or publish, without permission from the author

     First version, April 2013

    Individual shareholder investors are generally described in literature to act with a short investment horizon, have biases and a typical herding behavior. This article focus on describing the individual investor over the time period 2004-2010, with special interest in new domestic and European investors. Earlier studies of individuals have mainly been based on either aggregated brokerage data and/or surveys, this study is based on the actual individual holdings. The database contains ownership information on all the directly owned shares in Sweden (~ 2 million investor portfolios).

    The study focus on individuals, investing in the stock market for their first time, during the latter years. Previous literature describes the individual investors as declining and aging, which could be interpreted as the beginning of the end of individual shareholders as stock market investors. If there is a future for the stock market as trading arena for individuals, there needs to be some rejuvenation amongst the shareholders. The study show that although the average shareholder is aging, which indicates that shareholders stick to their shares, there are new younger shareholders still attracted by the stock market. Preliminary results also suggest a decline in the gender imbalance amongst shareholders.

  • 44.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Who Bought Cheap IPOs?: A Study of Shareholders in Swedish IPOs 2006–20162018In: Proceedings of 2018 Annual London Business Research Conference / [ed] Prof. Mohammad Hoque, 2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper analyzes initial public offerings (IPOs) and the post-IPO ownership structure of these firms. The study uses stock ownership records of Swedish firms, together with hand-collected IPO data to analyze the price level of the IPO share and its relationship with the ownership structure. This study shows that for cheap IPO stocks (low nominal priced), individual investors hold a relatively large fraction of the shares compared with IPO stocks with higher nominal price. However, there is a size effect, where the breadth of ownership is higher for larger firms. Thereby, the firm can affect their post-IPO ownership structure when setting the offer price. The study also suggests that there are signs of a seasonal effect, where first quarter IPOs in this sample on average yield a higher initial return.

  • 45.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    De Ridder, Adri
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    Allocation of shares to foreign and domestic investors: Firm and ownership characteristics in Swedish IPOs2015In: Research In International Business and Finance, ISSN 0275-5319, E-ISSN 1878-3384, Vol. 34, p. 52-65Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, we analyze underpricing of initial public offerings (IPOs) and holdings following offerings in Sweden. By exploiting a unique hand-collected data set with information on the ultimate holdings by institutional and individual investors, as well as boards of directors, we find, as most prior studies, that IPOs on average are underpriced. IPOs with low (high) initial return have higher (lower) holdings by individual investors. Institutional investors are, to a greater extent than individual investors, also able to identify underpriced firms.

  • 46.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    de Ridder, Adri
    Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap.
    Executive Compensation Contracts and Ownership Structure2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study executive compensation packages and ownership structures for a sample of firms listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange over the period 1999 to 2008. The basic question we raise is whether strong CEOs can set their own salaries and bonuses given the composition of group management and institutional ownership. With the use of exclusive ultimate ownership records we can identify the relationship between ownership and executive compensation. Collectively, we find a positive relationship between strong CEOs and compensation. Moreover, compensation is related to the composition of ownership and breadth of ownership. Firms with high foreign institutional ownership are associated with higher compensation to the CEO.  These results affect the possibility of an all European compensation strategy.

  • 47.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    et al.
    Gotland University, School of the Humanities and Social Science.
    de Ridder, Adri
    Gotland University, School of the Humanities and Social Science.
    Executive Compensation Contracts and Ownership Structure2010In: / [ed] Prof. Lars Oxelheim, 2010, p. 1-19Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study executive compensation packages and ownership structures for a sample of firms listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange over the period 1999 to 2008. The basic question we raise is whether strong CEOs can set their own salaries and bonuses given the composition of group management and institutional ownership. With the use of exclusive ultimate ownership records we can identify the relationship between ownership and executive compensation. Collectively, we find a positive relationship between strong CEOs and compensation. Moreover, compensation is related to the composition of ownership and breadth of ownership. Firms with high foreign institutional ownership are associated with higher compensation to the CEO.  These results affect the possibility of an all European compensation strategy.

  • 48.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    et al.
    Gotland University, School of the Humanities and Social Science.
    de Ridder, Adri
    Gotland University, School of the Humanities and Social Science.
    Strong CEOs and Ownership StructureManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The purpose of this paper is to examine compensation to Swedish executives over the period 1999 to 2008 and whether domestic and foreign equity ownership influence levels.

    Design/methodology/approach

    We use the strength of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), defined as the ratio between total compensation to the CEO and total compensation to Group management, as our primary variable of interest. Cross-sectional regression analysis is used to examine if the domiciles of stockholders as well as firm specific factors can predict compensation.

    Findings

    We find a positive relationship between compensation levels to the CEO and foreign institutional investors. Higher foreign institutional holdings reduce the strength of the CEO. Our findings do not support the claim that compensation to CEO is related to firm behaviour or market related valuation measures.

    Practical implications

    This paper finds that holdings by foreign investors are negatively related to the strength of the CEO.

  • 49.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Studies.
    de Ridder, Adri
    Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap.
    Valuation of Swedish IPO Companies: Who Receives the Money Left on the Table?2011In: 2nd Annual Nordic Financial Accounting, 2011Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study underpricing and equity holdings following initial public offerings (IPOs) in Sweden over the sample period 2000 through 2010. By exploiting a unique data set, with information of the ultimate holdings by institutional as well as individual investors in these firms, we make several original contributions to the existing literature related to IPOs as our data are sharper and more detailed than what have been used in prior studies. We document, as most prior studies of IPOs, that they on average are underpriced (i.e., associated with a positive initial return). IPOs with low (high) initial return have higher (lower) equity holdings by retail investors. We find that institutional investors are, to greater extent than individual investors, able to identify firms with a high initial return (i.e. receives the money left on the table). Hence, our data support the generally accepted view that institutional investors are better equipped to process information. We also confirm that the relationship between underpricing (the initial return) and offer price is U-shaped, as first reported by Fernando, Krishnamurty and Spindt (2004). Our multivariate analysis shows that individual investors have preferences for low priced IPOs whereas domestic (foreign) institutional investors have preferences for low (high) priced IPOs. Our analysis of domicile of institutional investors indicates that foreign institutional investors have preferences for holdings in IPOs characterized by a high initial return and large capitalization values. Analysis of overseas institutional holdings indicates existence of information asymmetries related to distance.

     

  • 50.
    Abrahamson, Martin
    et al.
    Gotland University, School of the Humanities and Social Science.
    de Ridder, Adri
    Gotland University, School of the Humanities and Social Science.
    Valuation of Swedish IPO Companies: Who Receives the Money Left on the Table?2011In: 2nd Annual Nordic Financial Accounting, 2011Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study underpricing and equity holdings following initial public offerings (IPOs) in Sweden over the sample period 2000 through 2010. By exploiting a unique data set, with information of the ultimate holdings by institutional as well as individual investors in these firms, we make several original contributions to the existing literature related to IPOs as our data are sharper and more detailed than what have been used in prior studies. We document, as most prior studies of IPOs, that they on average are underpriced (i.e., associated with a positive initial return). IPOs with low (high) initial return have higher (lower) equity holdings by retail investors. We find that institutional investors are, to greater extent than individual investors, able to identify firms with a high initial return (i.e. receives the money left on the table). Hence, our data support the generally accepted view that institutional investors are better equipped to process information. We also confirm that the relationship between underpricing (the initial return) and offer price is U-shaped, as first reported by Fernando, Krishnamurty and Spindt (2004). Our multivariate analysis shows that individual investors have preferences for low priced IPOs whereas domestic (foreign) institutional investors have preferences for low (high) priced IPOs. Our analysis of domicile of institutional investors indicates that foreign institutional investors have preferences for holdings in IPOs characterized by a high initial return and large capitalization values. Analysis of overseas institutional holdings indicates existence of information asymmetries related to distance.

     

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