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  • 1.
    Ahlstrom, Christina A.
    et al.
    US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Woksepp, Hanna
    Kalmar Cty Hosp, Dept Dev & Publ Hlth, S-39185 Kalmar, Sweden.;Linnaeus Univ, Dept Med & Optometry, S-39185 Kalmar, Sweden..
    Sandegren, Linus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Mohsin, Mashkoor
    Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Microbiol, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan..
    Hasan, Badrul
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Anim Bacteriol Sect, Anim Bacteriol Sect Microbial Sci Pests & Dis, Bundoora, Vic, Australia..
    Muzyka, Denys
    Inst Expt & Clin Vet Med, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine..
    Hernandez, Jorge
    Kalmar Cty Hosp, Dept Clin Microbiol, SE-39185 Kalmar, Sweden..
    Aguirre, Filip
    Kalmar Cty Hosp, Dept Clin Microbiol, SE-39185 Kalmar, Sweden..
    Tok, Atalay
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Zoonosis Sci Ctr, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Soderman, Jan
    Linköping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Lab Med, Linköping, Sweden..
    Olsen, Björn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ramey, Andrew M.
    US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Bonnedahl, Jonas
    Linköping Univ, Dept Biomed & Clin Sci, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden.;Region Kalmar Cty, Dept Infect Dis, S-39185 Kalmar, Sweden..
    Genomically diverse carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae fromwild birds provide insight into global patterns of spatiotemporal dissemination2022In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 824, article id 153632Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a threat to public health globally, yet the role of the environment in the epidemiology of CRE remains elusive. Given that wild birds can acquire CRE, likely from foraging in anthropogenically impacted areas, and may aid in the maintenance and dissemination of CRE in the environment, a spatiotemporal comparison of isolates from different regions and timepoints may be useful for elucidating epidemiological information. Thus, we characterized the genomic diversity of CRE from fecal samples opportunistically collected from gulls (Larus spp.) inhabiting Alaska (USA), Chile, Spain, Turkey, and Ukraine and from black kites (Milvus migrans) sampled in Pakistan and assessed evidence for spatiotemporal patterns of dissemination. Within and among sampling locations, a high diversity of carbapenemases was found, including Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM), oxacillinase (OXA), and Verona integron Metallo beta-lactamase (VIM). Although the majority of genomic comparisons among samples did not provide evidence for spatial dissemination, we did find strong evidence for dissemination among Alaska, Spain, and Turkey. We also found strong evidence for temporal dissemination among samples collected in Alaska and Pakistan, though the majority of CRE clones were transitory and were not repeatedly detected among locations where samples were collected longitudinally. Carbapenemase-producing hypervirulent K. pneumoniae was isolated from gulls in Spain and Ukraine and some isolates harbored antimicrobial resistance genes conferring resistance to up to 10 different antibiotic classes, including colistin. Our results are consistent with local acquisition of CRE by wild birds with spatial dissemination influenced by intermediary transmission routes, likely involving humans. Furthermore, our results support the premise that anthropogenicallyassociated wild birds may be good sentinels for understanding the burden of clinically-relevant antimicrobial resistance in the local human population.

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  • 2. Andren, Cecilia M.
    et al.
    Rydin, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics.
    Toxicity of inorganic aluminium at spring snowmelt-In-stream bioassays with brown trout (Salmo trutta L.)2012In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 437, p. 422-432Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although the acid load has decreased throughout Scandinavia, acidic soils still mobilise aluminium (Al) that is harmful to brown trout. We hypothesise that there are thresholds for Al toxicity and that the toxicity can be traced from the water content to gill accumulation and the consequential physiological effects. During snowmelt, yearlings were exposed to a gradient of pH and inorganic monomeric Al (Al-i) in humic streams to study the toxic effects and mortality. Gill Al and physiological blood analyses [haemoglobin (Hb), plasma chloride (P-Cl) and glucose (Glu)] were measured. As the water quality deteriorated, Al accumulated on the gills; Hb and Glu increased; P-Cl decreased, and mortality occurred. Moribund fish had significantly increased gill Al and Hb, suggesting that respiratory disturbances contributed to mortality. Decreased P-C and plasma availability indicated an ion regulatory disturbance and possibly circulatory collapse. Al-i should be less than 20 mu g/L, and pH higher than 5.0, to sustain healthy brown trout populations. These thresholds can be used to fine-tune lime dose, as both Al-i and pH levels have to be balanced to prevent harm in the recovering aquatic biota. Although Al is tightly linked to pH, local variation in Al availability in soil and bedrock affects the Al release and subsequent toxic Al-i episodes in some catchment areas.

  • 3.
    Astell-Burt, Thomas
    et al.
    Populat Wellbeing & Environm Res Lab PowerLab, Sydney, NSW, Australia.;Univ Wollongong, Sch Hlth & Soc, Fac Arts Social Sci & Human, Wollongong, NSW, Australia..
    Hartig, Terry
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for Housing and Urban Research. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Putra, I. Gusti Ngurah Edi
    Populat Wellbeing & Environm Res Lab PowerLab, Sydney, NSW, Australia.;Univ Liverpool, Inst Populat Hlth, Liverpool, Merseyside, England..
    Walsan, Ramya
    Macquarie Univ, Australian Inst Hlth Innovat, Ctr Hlth Syst & Safety Res, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Dendup, Tashi
    Populat Wellbeing & Environm Res Lab PowerLab, Sydney, NSW, Australia.;Bhutan Off, Save Children, Thimphu, Bhutan..
    Feng, Xiaoqi
    Populat Wellbeing & Environm Res Lab PowerLab, Sydney, NSW, Australia.;Univ Wollongong, Sch Hlth & Soc, Fac Arts Social Sci & Human, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.;Univ New South Wales, Sch Populat Hlth, Fac Med & Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Green space and loneliness: A systematic review with theoretical and methodological guidance for future research2022In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 847, article id 157521Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Persistent loneliness troubles people across the life span, with prevalence as high as 61% in some groups. Urban greening may help to reduce the population health impacts of loneliness and its concomitants, such as hopelessness and despair. However, the literature lacks both a critical appraisal of extant evidence and a conceptual model to explain how green space would work as a structural intervention. Both are needed to guide decision making and further research. We conducted a systematic review of quantitative studies testing associations between green space and loneliness, searching seven databases. Twenty two studies were identified by 25/01/2022. Most of the studies were conducted in high-income countries and fifteen (68 %) had cross-sectional designs. Green space was measured inconsistently using either objective or subjective indicators. Few studies examined specific green space types or qualities. The majority of studies measured general loneliness (e.g. using the UCLA loneliness scale). Different types of loneliness (social, emotional, existential) were not analysed. Of 132 associations, 88 (66.6 %) indicated potential protection from green space against loneliness, with 44 (33.3 %) reaching statistical significance (p < 0.05). We integrated these findings with evidence from qualitative studies to elaborate and extend the existing pathway domain model linking green space and health. These elaborations and extensions acknowledge the following: (a) different types of green space have implications for different types of loneliness; (b) multilevel circumstances influence the likelihood a person will benefit or suffer harm from green space; (c) personal, relational, and collective processes operate within different domains of pathways linking green space with loneliness and its concomitants; (d) loneliness and its concomitants are explicitly positioned as mediators within the broader causal system that links green space with health and wellbeing. This review and model provide guidance for decision making and further epidemiological research on green space and loneliness.

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  • 4.
    Baloch, Ramen Munir
    et al.
    Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR,St Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France..
    Maesano, Cara Nichole
    Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR,St Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France..
    Christoffersen, Jens
    Velux AS, Adalsvej 99, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark..
    Banerjee, Soutrik
    Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR,St Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France..
    Gabriel, Marta
    Inst Sci & Innovat Mech Engn & Ind Management INE, Porto, Portugal..
    Csobod, Eva
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary.;Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe REC, 9-11 Ady Endre Ut, H-2000 Szentendre, Hungary..
    Fernandes, Eduardo de Oliveira
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal.;Inst Sci & Innovat Mech Engn & Ind Management INE, Porto, Portugal..
    Annesi-Maesano, Isabella
    Sorbonne Univ, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR, INSERM, Paris, France.;Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Pierre Louis Inst Epidemiol & Publ Hlth IPLESP UM, Epidemiol Allerg & Resp Dis Dept EPAR,St Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France..
    Szuppinger, Peter
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary..
    Prokai, Reka
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary..
    Farkas, Petur
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary..
    Fuzi, Cecilia
    Reg Environm Ctr Cent & Eastern Europe, HQ, REC, Szentendre, Hungary..
    Cani, Eduart
    REC Albania, Tirana, Albania..
    Draganic, Jasna
    REC Bosnia & Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg..
    Mogyorosy, Eszter Reka
    REC Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Korac, Zorica
    REC Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Ventura, Gabriela
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Madureira, Joana
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Paciencia, Ines
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Martins, Anabela
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Pereira, Ricardo
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Ramos, Elisabete
    Univ Porto, IDMEC FEUP, Inst Engn Mecan, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal..
    Rudnai, Peter
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Paldy, Anna
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Dura, Gyula
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Beregszaszi, Timea
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Vaskovi, Eva
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Magyar, Donat
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Pandics, Tamas
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Remeny-Nagy, Zsuzsanna
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Szentmihalyi, Renata
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Udvardy, Orsolya
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Varro, Mihaly J.
    Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary..
    Kephalopoulos, Stylianos
    European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, JRC, Ispra, Italy..
    Kotzias, Dimitrios
    European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, JRC, Ispra, Italy..
    Barrero-Moreno, Josefa
    European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, JRC, Ispra, Italy..
    Mehmeti, Rahmije
    Inst Publ Hlth, IPH ALB, Tirana, Albania..
    Vilic, Aida
    Inst Publ Hlth, IPH BH, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg..
    Maestro, Daniel
    Inst Publ Hlth, IPH BH, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg..
    Moshammer, Hanns
    Med Univ, Inst Environm Hlth, Graz, Austria..
    Strasser, Gabriela
    Med Univ, Inst Environm Hlth, Graz, Austria..
    Brigitte, Piegler
    Med Univ, Inst Environm Hlth, Graz, Austria..
    Hohenblum, Philipp
    Umweltbundesamt GmbH, UBA A, Planning & Coordinat Subst & Anal, Vienna, Austria..
    Goelen, Eddy
    VITO, Flemish Inst Technol Res, Mol, Belgium..
    Stranger, Marianne
    VITO, Flemish Inst Technol Res, Mol, Belgium..
    Spruy, Maarten
    VITO, Flemish Inst Technol Res, Mol, Belgium..
    Sidjimov, Momchil
    Natl Ctr Publ Hlth & Anal, Sofia, Bulgaria..
    Hadjipanayis, Adamos
    Larnaca Gen Hosp, Larnax, Cyprus..
    Katsonouri-Sazeides, Andromachi
    State Gen Lab, CSGL, Nicosia, Cyprus..
    Demetriou, Eleni
    State Gen Lab, CSGL, Nicosia, Cyprus..
    Kubinova, Ruzana
    Natl Publ Hlth Inst, NPHI CZ, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Kazmarova, Helena
    Natl Publ Hlth Inst, NPHI CZ, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Dlouha, Beatricia
    Natl Publ Hlth Inst, NPHI CZ, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Kotlik, Bohumil
    Natl Publ Hlth Inst, NPHI CZ, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Vabar, Helen
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Ruut, Juri
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Metus, Meelis
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Rand, Kristiina
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Jarviste, Antonina
    Hlth Board, HPI, Tallinn, Estonia..
    Nevalainen, Aino
    Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, THL, Helsinki, Finland..
    Hyvarinen, Anne
    Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, THL, Helsinki, Finland..
    Taubel, Martin
    Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, THL, Helsinki, Finland..
    Jarvi, Kati
    Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, THL, Helsinki, Finland..
    Mandin, Corinne
    Ctr Sci & Tech Batiment, St Martin Dheres, France..
    Berthineau, Bruno
    Ctr Sci & Tech Batiment, St Martin Dheres, France..
    Moriske, Heinz-Joern
    Umweltbundesamt Fed Environm Agcy, UBA, Indoor Hyg Sect, Dessau Rosslau, Germany..
    Giacomini, Marcia
    Umweltbundesamt Fed Environm Agcy, UBA, Indoor Hyg Sect, Dessau Rosslau, Germany..
    Neumann, Anett
    Umweltbundesamt Fed Environm Agcy, UBA, Indoor Hyg Sect, Dessau Rosslau, Germany..
    Bartzis, John
    Univ Western Macedonia, UOWM, Kozani, Greece..
    Kalimeri, Krystallia
    Univ Western Macedonia, UOWM, Kozani, Greece..
    Saraga, Dikaia
    Univ Western Macedonia, UOWM, Kozani, Greece..
    Santamouris, Mattheos
    Natl Kapodistrian Univ Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece..
    Assimakopoulos, Margarita Niki
    Natl Kapodistrian Univ Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece..
    Asimakopoulos, Vasiliki
    Natl Kapodistrian Univ Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece..
    Carrer, Paolo
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Cattaneo, Andrea
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Pulvirenti, Salvatore
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Vercelli, Franco
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Strangi, Fabio
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Omeri, Elida
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Piazza, Silvia
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    D'Alcamo, Andrea
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Fanetti, Anna Clara
    Univ Milan, UMIL, Milan, Italy..
    Sestini, Piersante
    Univ Siena, USiena, Siena, Italy..
    Kouri, Magdalini
    Univ Siena, USiena, Siena, Italy..
    Viegi, Giovanni
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Sarno, Giuseppe
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Baldacci, Sandra
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Maio, Sara
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Cerrai, Sonia
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Franzitta, Vincenzo
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Bucchieri, Salvatore
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Cibella, Fabio
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Simoni, Marzia
    Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Pisa, Italy.;Natl Res Council CNR, CNR, Palermo, Italy..
    Neri, Margherita
    Fdn Salvatore Maugeri, FSM, Pavia, Italy..
    Martuzevicius, Dainius
    Kaunas Univ Technol, KTU, Kaunas, Lithuania..
    Krugly, Edvinas
    Kaunas Univ Technol, KTU, Kaunas, Lithuania..
    Montefort, Stephen
    Univ Malta, Msida, Malta..
    Fsadni, Peter
    Univ Malta, Msida, Malta..
    Brewczynski, Piotr Z.
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Krakowiak, Ewa
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Kurek, Jolanta
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Kubarek, Elibieta
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Wlazlo, Agnieszka
    Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Lodz, Poland..
    Borrego, Carlos
    Univ Aveiro, UAVR CESAM, Ctr Environm & Marine Studies, Aveiro, Portugal..
    Alves, Celia
    Univ Aveiro, UAVR CESAM, Ctr Environm & Marine Studies, Aveiro, Portugal..
    Valente, Joana
    Univ Aveiro, UAVR CESAM, Ctr Environm & Marine Studies, Aveiro, Portugal..
    Gurzau, Eugen
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Rosu, Cristina
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Popita, Gabriela
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Neamtiu, Iulia
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Neagu, Cristina
    Babes Bolyai Univ, UBB, Cluj Napoca, Romania..
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Bluyssen, Phylomena
    TNO, Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res, The Hague, Netherlands..
    Bohms, Michel
    TNO, Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res, The Hague, Netherlands..
    Van den Hazel, Peter
    Publ Hlth Serv Gelderland Midden, HVDGM, Arnhem, Netherlands..
    Cassee, Flemming
    Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, RIVM, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    de Bruin, Yuri Bruinen
    Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, RIVM, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Bartonova, Alena
    Norwegian Inst Air Res, NILU, Kjeller, Norway..
    Yang, Aileen
    Norwegian Inst Air Res, NILU, Kjeller, Norway..
    Halzlova, Katarina
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Jajcaj, Michal
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Kanikova, Milada
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Miklankova, Olga
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Vitkiva, Marianna
    Publ Hlth Author, PHA SK, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Jovasevic-Stojanovic, Milena
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Zivkovic, Marija
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Stevanovic, Zarko
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Lazovic, Ivan
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Stevanovic, Zana
    Inst Vinca, Vinca, Serbia..
    Zivkovic, Zorica
    Dr Dragisa Misovic Med Ctr, MC, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Cerovic, Sofija
    Dr Dragisa Misovic Med Ctr, MC, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Jocic-Stojanovic, Jasmina
    Dr Dragisa Misovic Med Ctr, MC, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Mumovic, Dejan
    UCL, London, England..
    Tarttelin, Paula
    UCL, London, England..
    Chatzidiakou, Lia
    UCL, London, England..
    Chatzidiakou, Evangelia
    UCL, London, England..
    Dewolf, Marie-Christine
    Hainaut Publ Hlth Inst, Antwerp, Belgium..
    Indoor air pollution, physical and comfort parameters related to schoolchildren's health: Data from the European SINPHONIE study2020In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 739, article id 139870Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Substantial knowledge is available on the association of the indoor school environment and its effect among schoolchildren. In the same context, the SINPHONIE (School indoor pollution and health: Observatory network in Europe) conducted a study to collect data and determine the distribution of several indoor air pollutants (IAPs), physical and thermal parameters and their association with eye, skin, upper-, lower respiratory and systemic disorder symptoms during the previous three months. Finally, data from 115 schools in 54 European cities from 23 countries were collected and included 5175 schoolchildren using a harmonized and standardized protocol. The association between exposures and the health outcomes were examined using logistic regression models on the environmental stressors assessed in classroom while adjusting for several confounding factors; a VOC (volatile organic compound) score defined as the sum of the number of pollutants to which the children were highly exposed (concentration > median of the distribution) in classroom was also introduced to evaluate the mul tiexposu re - outcome association. Schoolchildren while adjusting for several confounding factors. Schoolchildren exposed to above or equal median concentration of PM2.5, benzene, limonene, ozone and radon were at significantly higher odds of suffering from upper, lower airways, eye and systemic disorders. Increased odds were also observed for any symptom (sick school syndrome) among schoolchildren exposed to concentrations of limonene and ozone above median values. Furthermore, the risks for upper and lower airways and systemic disorders significantly increased with the VOCs score. Results also showed that increased ventilation rate was significantly associated with decreased odds of suffering from eye and skin disorders whereas similar association was observed between temperature and upper airways symptoms. The present study provides evidence that exposure to IAPs in schools is associated with various health problems in children. Further investigations are needed to confirm our findings. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 5.
    Benedict, Christian
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Schiöth: Functional Pharmacology.
    Franklin, Karl A
    Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Sweden.
    Bukhari, Shervin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Ljunggren, Mirjam
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Lindberg, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Sex-specific association of the lunar cycle with sleep2022In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 804, article id 150222Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Using one-night sleep recordings from 852 subjects all living in Uppsala, Sweden, the present study represents one of the largest polysomnography investigations into the association of the 29.53-day long lunar cycle with sleep among men and women and across a wide age range (22-81 years). Following the day after the new moon until the day of the full moon (also named the waxing period), the moon's illumination increases, and the timing of the meridian of the moon is gradually shifted from noontime toward midnight. In contrast, from the day after the full moon until the day of the new moon (also named the waning period), the moon's illumination decreases, and the timing of the meridian of the moon is gradually shifted from early night hours toward noontime. Thus, we focused on the contrast between the waxing and waning periods. Sleep duration was shorter on nights during the waxing period as compared to waning period (P < 0.001). In addition, a significant interaction effect of participants' sex with the lunar period on sleep was noted (P < 0.05). Men, but not women, exhibited lower sleep efficiency (P < 0.001 and P = 0.748, respectively) and were longer awake after sleep onset (P = 0.010 and P = 0.890, respectively) on nights during the waxing period. All associations were robust to adjustment for confounders (including regular sleep disturbances). Our findings suggest that the effects of the lunar cycle on human sleep are more pronounced among men. Based on the cross-sectional design of the study, no firm conclusions can be drawn on the causality of the relations.

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  • 6.
    Blanc, Melanie
    et al.
    Örebro Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Man Technol Environm Res Ctr MTM, Fakultetsgatan 1, S-70182 Örebro, Sweden.;Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, MARBEC,IRD, Palavas Les Flots, France.;Univ Paris Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, GABI, F-78350 Jouy En Josas, France..
    Antczak, Philipp
    Univ Cologne, Ctr Mol Med Cologne, D-50931 Cologne, Germany..
    Cousin, Xavier
    Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, MARBEC,IRD, Palavas Les Flots, France.;Univ Paris Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, GABI, F-78350 Jouy En Josas, France..
    Grunau, Christoph
    Univ Perpignan, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IHPE,Ifremer, Via Domitia, Perpignan, France..
    Scherbak, Nikolai
    Örebro Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Man Technol Environm Res Ctr MTM, Fakultetsgatan 1, S-70182 Örebro, Sweden.;Örebro Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Örebro Life Sci Ctr, Fakultetsgatan 1, S-70182 Örebro, Sweden..
    Rüegg, Joëlle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Organismal Biology, Environmental toxicology.
    Keiter, Steffen H.
    Örebro Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Man Technol Environm Res Ctr MTM, Fakultetsgatan 1, S-70182 Örebro, Sweden..
    The insecticide permethrin induces transgenerational behavioral changes linked to transcriptomic and epigenetic alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio)2021In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 779, article id 146404Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The pyrethroid insecticide permethrin is widely used for agricultural and domestic purposes. Previous data indicated that it acts as a developmental neurotoxicant and can induce transgenerational effects in non target organisms. However, associated underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate permethrin-related transgenerational effects in the zebrafish model, and to identify possible molecular mechanisms underlying inheritance. Zebrafish (F 0) were exposed to permethrin during early life (2 h post-fertilization up to 28 days). The F1 and F2 offspring generations were obtained by pairing exposed F0 males and females, and were bred unexposed. Locomotor and anxiety behavior were investigated, together with transcriptomic and epigenomic (DNA methylation) changes in brains. Permethrin exposed F0 fish were hypoactive at adulthood, while males from the F1 and F2 generations showed a specific decrease in anxiety-like behavior. In F0, transcriptomic data showed enrichment in pathways related to glutamatergic synapse activity, which may partly underlie the behavioral effects. In F1 and F2 males, dysregulation of similar pathways was observed, including a subset of differentially methylated regions that were inherited from the F0 to the F2 generation and indicated stable dysregulation of glutamatergic signaling. Altogether, the present results provide novel evidence on the transgenerational neurotoxic effects of permethrin, as well as mechanistic insight: a transient exposure induces persistent transcriptional and DNA methylation changes that may translate into transgenerational alteration of glutamatergic signaling and, thus, into behavioral alterations. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

  • 7.
    Bonarowska, Magdalena
    et al.
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, PL-01224 Warsaw, Poland.
    Matus, Krzysztof
    Silesian Tech Univ, Inst Engn Mat & Biomat, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland.
    Srebowata, Anna
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, PL-01224 Warsaw, Poland.
    Sá, Jacinto
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Physical Chemistry. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, PL-01224 Warsaw, Poland.
    Application of silica-supported Ir and Ir-M (M=Pt, Pd, Au) catalysts for low-temperature hydrodechlorination of tetrachloromethane2018In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 644, p. 287-297Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Herein, it is presented a catalytic system for gas-phase hydrodechlorination of tetrachloromethane at low temperature and atmospheric pressure, using iridium supported on silica as parent catalyst. Iridium electronic configuration is suitable to catalyse the hydrodechlorination reactions, however, it has been rarely used in this reaction to date. The catalytic abilities were significantly improved when a second transition metal was added. Catalysts' stability and selectivity to the desired products (i.e. C-1-C-4 hydrocarbons) improved compared to conventional activation in hydrogen when catalysts were activated shortly with microwave irradiation. Microwave irradiation of catalysts favourably influences the homogeneity of the metallic active phase, both in terms of the size of metal crystals and the homogeneity of bimetallic systems. Addition of platinumto the 'parent' iridium catalyst improved its catalytic properties and decreased deactivation. Fresh and spent catalysts were comprehensively characterized using several techniques (BET, CO-chemisorption, XRD, XPS, electron microscopy and mass spectrometry) to determine structure-activity relationships and potential causes for catalyst deactivation. No significant changes in crystalline size or bimetallic phase composition were observed for spent catalysts (with the exception of Ir-Pd catalysts which underwent bulk carbide during the reaction).

  • 8.
    Brunner, Manuela Irene
    et al.
    Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Zurich, Switzerland.;Univ Grenoble Alpes, IGE, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France..
    Sikorska, Anna E.
    Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Zurich, Switzerland.;Warsaw Univ Life Sci SGGW, Dept Hydraul Engn, Warsaw, Poland..
    Seibert, J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL. Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Zurich, Switzerland.
    Bivariate analysis of floods in climate impact assessments2018In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 616-617, p. 1392-1403Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Climate impact studies regarding floods usually focus on peak discharges and a bivariate assessment of peak discharges and hydrograph volumes is not commonly included. A joint consideration of peak discharges and hydrograph volumes, however, is crucial when assessing flood risks for current and future climate conditions. Here, we present a methodology to develop synthetic design hydrographs for future climate conditions that jointly consider peak discharges and hydrograph volumes. First, change factors are derived based on a regional climate model and are applied to observed precipitation and temperature time series. Second, the modified time series are fed into a calibrated hydrological model to simulate runoff time series for future conditions. Third, these time series are used to construct synthetic design hydrographs. The bivariate flood frequency analysis used in the construction of synthetic design hydrographs takes into account the dependence between peak discharges and hydrograph volumes, and represents the shape of the hydrograph. The latter is modeled using a probability density function while the dependence between the design variables peak discharge and hydrograph volume is modeled using a copula. We applied this approach to a set of eight mountainous catchments in Switzerland to construct catchment-specific and season-specific design hydrographs for a control and three scenario climates. Our work demonstrates that projected climate changes have an impact not only on peak discharges but also on hydrograph volumes and on hydrograph shapes both at an annual and at a seasonal scale. These changes are not necessarily proportional which implies that climate impact assessments on future floods should consider more flood characteristics than just flood peaks.

  • 9.
    Campeau, Audrey
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL. Depatment of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
    Eklöf, Karin
    Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Soerensen, Anne L.
    Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Sweden.
    Åkerblom, Staffan
    Statistiska centralbyrån (SCB), Statistic Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Yuan, Shengliu
    Water Quality Center, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
    Hintelmann, Holger
    Water Quality Center, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
    Bieroza, Magdalena
    Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Köhler, Stephan
    Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Zdanowicz, Christian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    Sources of riverine mercury across the Mackenzie River Basin: inferences from a combined Hg C isotopes and optical properties approach2022In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 806, no 4, article id 150808Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Arctic terrestrial environment harbors a complex mosaic of mercury (Hg) and carbon (C) reservoirs, some of which are rapidly destabilizing in response to climate warming. The sources of riverine Hg across the Mackenzie River basin (MRB) are uncertain, which leads to a poor understanding of potential future release. Measurements of dissolved and particulate mercury (DHg, PHg) and carbon (DOC, POC) concentration were performed, along with analyses of Hg stable isotope ratios (incl. ∆199Hg, d202Hg), radiocarbon content (∆14C) and optical properties of DOC of river water. Isotopic ratios of Hg revealed a closer association to terrestrial Hg reservoirs for the particulate fraction, while the dissolved fraction was more closely associated with atmospheric deposition sources of shorter turnover time. There was a positive correlation between the ∆14C-OC and riverine Hg concentration for both particulate and dissolved fractions, indicating that waters transporting older-OC (14C-depleted) also contained higher levels of Hg. In the dissolved fraction, older DOC was also associated with higher molecular weight, aromaticity and humic content, which are likely associated with higher Hg-binding potential. Riverine PHg concentration increased with turbidity and SO4 concentration. There were large contrasts in Hg concentration and OC age and quality among the mountain and lowland sectors of the MRB, which likely reflect the spatial distribution of various terrestrial Hg and OC reservoirs, including weathering of sulfate minerals, erosion and extraction of coal deposits, thawing permafrost, forest fires, peatlands, and forests. Results revealed major differences in the sources of particulate and dissolved riverine Hg, but nonetheless a common positive association with older riverine OC. These findings reveal that a complex mixture of Hg sources, supplied across the MRB, will contribute to future trends in Hg export to the Arctic Ocean under rapid environmental changes.

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  • 10.
    Chen, Peng
    et al.
    Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.;Hohai Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.;Oint Int Res Lab Global Change & Water Cycle, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China..
    Yu, Zhongbo
    Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.;Oint Int Res Lab Global Change & Water Cycle, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.;Hohai Univ, Yangtze Inst Conservat & Dev, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China..
    Czymzik, Markus
    Leibniz Inst Baltic Sea Res Warnemunde IOW, Marine Geol, D-18119 Rostock, Germany..
    Aldahan, Ala
    United Arab Emirates Univ, Dept Geol, Al Ain 17551, U Arab Emirates..
    Wang, Jinguo
    Hohai Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China..
    Yi, Peng
    Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.;Hohai Univ, Coll Hydrol & Water Resources, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China..
    Possnert, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, För teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten gemensamma enheter, Tandem Laboratory.
    Chen, Xuegao
    Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.;Oint Int Res Lab Global Change & Water Cycle, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.;Hohai Univ, Coll Hydrol & Water Resources, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China..
    Zheng, Minjie
    Lund Univ, Dept Geol Quaternary Sci, S-22362 Lund, Sweden..
    Jin, Huijun
    Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, State Key Lab Frozen Soils Engn, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.;Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Harbin 150090, Peoples R China..
    Luo, Dongliang
    Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, State Key Lab Frozen Soils Engn, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China..
    Wu, Qingbai
    Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, State Key Lab Frozen Soils Engn, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China..
    Holocene monsoon dynamics at Kunlun Pass on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau2021In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 771, article id 145369Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Various proxy records have been used for the understanding of environmental and climate variations during the Holocene. Here, for the first time, we use meteoric Be-10 isotope measurements performed on sediments from a drill core collected at the Kunlun Pass (KP) on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (NETP) to investigate hydroclimate changes during the Holocene. The Be-10 flux suggests relative low levels in the Early Holocene, followed by a sharp increase to high values at around 4 ka BP (4 ka BP - 4000 years before present). Afterwards, the Be-10 flux remains on a high level during the Late Holocene, but decreases slightly towards today. These Be-10 deposition patterns are compared to moisture changes in regions dominated by the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM), East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM), and the Westerlies. Different from the gradual changes in monsoon patterns, the Be-10 data reveal low levels during the Early Holocene until similar to 4 ka BP when an obvious increase is indicated and a relative high level continues to this day, which is relatively more in agreement with patterns of the Westerlies. This finding provides a new evidence fora shift in the dominant pattern of atmospheric circulation the KP region from a more monsoonal one to one dominated by the Westerlies. Our results improve the understanding of non-stationary interactions and spatial relevance of the EASM, the ISM and the Westerlies on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

  • 11.
    Choudhury, Maidul I.
    et al.
    Lund Univ, Dept Biol Aquat Ecol, Ecol Bldg, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden;Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Environm Assessment, Box 7050, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Urrutia Cordero, Pablo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology. HIFMB, Ammerlander Heerstr 231, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany;Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm ICBM, Schleusenstr 1, D-26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
    Zhang, Huan
    Lund Univ, Dept Biol Aquat Ecol, Ecol Bldg, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, Peoples R China.
    Ekvall, Mattias K.
    Lund Univ, Dept Biol Aquat Ecol, Ecol Bldg, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden;Cty Adm Board Skane Environm & Climate, Sodergaten 5, S-20515 Malmo, Sweden.
    Medeiros, Leonardo Rafael
    Lund Univ, Dept Biol Aquat Ecol, Ecol Bldg, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden;Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Rio Grande do Norte I, BR-59508000 Mossoro, RN, Brazil.
    Hansson, Lars-Anders
    Lund Univ, Dept Biol Aquat Ecol, Ecol Bldg, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden.
    Charophytes collapse beyond a critical warming and brownification threshold in shallow lake systems2019In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 661, p. 148-154Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Charophytes play a critical role for the functioning of shallow lake ecosystems. Although growth of charophytes can be limited by many factors, such as temperature, nutrients and light availability, our understanding about concomitant effects of climate warming and other large-scale environmental perturbations, e.g. increases in humic matter content ('brownification') is still limited. Here we conducted an outdoor mesocosm experiment during 71 days with a common charophyte species, Chara vulgaris, along an increasing gradient of temperature and brownification. We hypothesized the growth of C. vulgaris to increase with temperature, but to level off along the combined temperature and brownification gradient when reaching a critical threshold for light limitation via brownification. We show that C. vulgaris increases the relative growth rate (RGR), main and total shoot elongation, as well as number of lateral shoots when temperature and brownification increased by +2 degrees C and + 100%, respectively above today's levels. However, the RGR, shoot elongation and number of lateral shoots declined at further increment of temperature and brownification. Macrophyte weight-length ratio decreased with increased temperature and brownification, indicating that C. vulgaris allocate more resources or energy for shoot elongation instead of biomass increase at warmer temperatures and higher brownification. Our study shows that C. vulgaris will initially benefit from warming and brownification but will then decline as a future scenario of increased warming and brownification reaches a certain threshold level, in case of our experiment at +4 degrees C and a 2-fold increase in brownification above today's levels. 

  • 12.
    Dalahmeh, Sahar S.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    Thorsén, Gunnar
    Swedish Environm Res Inst IVL, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Jönsson, Håkan
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Energy & Technol, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Open-air storage with and without composting as post-treatment methods to degrade pharmaceutical residues in anaerobically digested and dewatered sewage sludge2022In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 806, article id 151271Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Over a period of 12 months, the fate of three hormones, 12 antibiotics and 30 pharmaceutically active substances (PhACs) was investigated during open-air storage without and with composting of anaerobically digested and dewatered sewage sludge. The effect of oxidation conditions during storage on degradation of hormones and PhACs in the sludge biomass was also examined. Under summer and winter conditions in Uppsala County, Sweden, two field-scale sludge windrows were constructed: open-air storage of sewage sludge windrow without composting (NO-COM)) and open-air storage windrow with composting (COM). NO-COM achieved effective removal of ∑Hormones (85%) and ∑Antibiotics (95%), but lower removal of ∑PhACs (34%), during the study year. The top layers of the sludge pile had significantly lower concentrations of ∑PhACs (3100–5100 ng/g ash) than deeper layers (8000–11,000 ng/g ash). After one year of composting, the degradation in the COM windrow resulted in concentrations of ∑Hormones (<LOD), ∑Antibiotics (<LOD), while the ∑PhCAs was 5% (730 ng/g ash) of initial (13,000 ng/g ash). The half-life of substances during composting in COM was within 7–100 days for all substances except ibuprofen (156 days). The first-order degradation constant (K) was the lowest for ibuprofen (0.0045 day−1) and the highest for oxazepam (0.0805 day−1). In conclusion, composting of sludge was effective in degrading the target hormones, antibiotics, and PhACs.

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  • 13.
    Duncan, Kyle D.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry. Vancouver Isl Univ, Chem, Appl Environm Res Labs, 900 Fifth St, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5S5, Canada.
    Richards, Larissa C.
    Vancouver Isl Univ, Chem, Appl Environm Res Labs, 900 Fifth St, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5S5, Canada;Univ Victoria, Dept Chem, Stn CSC, POB 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
    Monaghan, Joseph
    Vancouver Isl Univ, Chem, Appl Environm Res Labs, 900 Fifth St, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5S5, Canada;Univ Victoria, Dept Chem, Stn CSC, POB 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
    Simair, Monique C.
    Maven Water & Environm, 238-111 Res Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3R2, Canada;Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Civil Geol & Environm Engn, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada;Univ Saskatchewan, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, 323 Kirk Hall,117 Sci Pl, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada;Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci, 321 Calhoun Dr, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
    Ajaero, Chukwuemeka
    Environm & Climate Change Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Watershed Hydrol & Ecol Res Div, 11 Innovat Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada;Univ Regina, Environm Syst Engn, 3737 Wascana Pkwy, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
    Peru, Kerry M.
    Environm & Climate Change Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Watershed Hydrol & Ecol Res Div, 11 Innovat Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
    Friesen, Vanessa
    Contango Strategies Ltd, 104-411 Downey Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4L8, Canada.
    McMartin, Dena W.
    Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Civil Geol & Environm Engn, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada;Univ Saskatchewan, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, 323 Kirk Hall,117 Sci Pl, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada.
    Headley, John V.
    Environm & Climate Change Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Watershed Hydrol & Ecol Res Div, 11 Innovat Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
    Gill, Chris G.
    Vancouver Isl Univ, Chem, Appl Environm Res Labs, 900 Fifth St, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5S5, Canada;Univ Victoria, Dept Chem, Stn CSC, POB 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
    Krogh, Erik T.
    Vancouver Isl Univ, Chem, Appl Environm Res Labs, 900 Fifth St, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5S5, Canada;Univ Victoria, Dept Chem, Stn CSC, POB 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
    Direct analysis of naphthenic acids in constructed wetland samples by condensed phase membrane introduction mass spectrometry2020In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 716, article id 137063Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The application of direct mass spectrometry techniques to the analysis of complex samples has a number of advantages including reduced sample handling, higher sample throughput, in situ process monitoring, and the potential for adaptation to on-site analysis. We report the application of a semi-permeable capillary hollow fibre membrane probe (immersed directly into an aqueous sample) coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer by a continuously flowing methanol acceptor phase for the rapid analysis of naphthenic adds with unit mass resolution. The intensity of the naphthenic add-associated peaks in the mass spectrum are normalized to an internal standard in the acceptor phase for quantitation and the relative abundance of the peaks in the mass spectrum are employed to monitor compositional changes in the naphthenic add mixture using principle component analysis. We demonstrate the direct analysis of a synthetic oil sands process-affected water for classical (CnH2n+zO2) as they are attenuated through constructed wetlands containing sedge (Carex aquatilis), cattail (Typha latifolia), or bulrush (Schoenoplectus acutus). Quantitative results for on-line membrane sampling compare favourably to those obtained by solid-phase extraction high-resolution mass spectrometry. Additionally. chemometric analysis of the mass spectra indicates a clear discrimination between naphthenic acid-influenced and natural background waters. Furthermore, the compositional changes within complex naphthenic acid mixtures track closely with the degree of attenuation. Overall, the technique is successful in following changes in both the concentration and composition of naphthenic acids from synthetic oil sands process-affected waters. with the potential for high throughput screening and environmental forensics. 

  • 14.
    Eklöf, Karin
    et al.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Bishop, Kevin
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, SE-75007 Uppsala, Swede.
    Bertilsson, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Björn, Erik
    Umea Univ, Dept Chem, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden.
    Buck, Moritz
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology. Umea Univ, Dept Chem, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden.; National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Uppsala SE-75236, Sweden.
    Skyllberg, Ulf
    Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden.
    Osman, Omneya
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Kronberg, Rose Marie
    Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden.
    Bravo, Andrea Garcia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Formation of mercury methylation hotspots as a consequence of forestry operations2018In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 613-614, p. 1069-1078Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Earlier studies have shown that boreal forest logging can increase the concentration and export of methylmercury (MeHg) in stream runoff. Here we test whether forestry operations create soil environments of high MeHg net formation associated with distinct microbial communities. Furthermore, we test the hypothesis that Hg methylation hotspots are more prone to form after stump harvest than stem-only harvest, because of more severe soil compaction and soil disturbance. Concentrations of MeHg, percent MeHg of total Hg (THg), and bacterial community composition were determined at 200 soil sampling positions distributed across eight catchments. Each catchment was either stem-only harvested (n = 3), stem- and stump-harvested (n = 2) or left undisturbed (n = 3). In support of our hypothesis, higher MeHg to THg ratios was observed in one of the stump-harvested catchments. While the effects of natural variation could not be ruled out, we noted that most of the highest % MeHg was observed in water-filled cavities created by stump removal or driving damage. This catchment also featured the highest bacterial diversity and highest relative abundance of bacterial families known to include Hg methylators. We propose that water-logged and disturbed soil environments associated with stump harvest can favor methylating microorganisms, which also enhance MeHg formation.

  • 15.
    Elfawy, Hasnaa A.
    et al.
    KIIT Deemed Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Campus 11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India..
    Anupriya, S.
    KIIT Deemed Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Campus 11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India..
    Mohanty, Swabhiman
    KIIT Deemed Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Campus 11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India..
    Patel, Paritosh
    KIIT Deemed Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Campus 11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India..
    Ghosal, Sayam
    KIIT Deemed Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Campus 11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India..
    Panda, Pritam Kumar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory.
    Das, Biswadeep
    KIIT Deemed Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Campus 11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India..
    Verma, Suresh K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory. KIIT Deemed Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Campus 11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India..
    Patnaik, Srinivas
    KIIT Deemed Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Campus 11, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India..
    Molecular toxicity of Benzo(a)pyrene mediated by elicited oxidative stress infer skeletal deformities and apoptosis in embryonic zebrafish2021In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 789, article id 147989Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) has become an integral component of disposed of plastic waste, organic pollutants, and remnants of combustible materials in the aquatic environment due to their persistent nature. The accumulation and integration of these polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have raised concern to human health and ecological safety. This study assessed the BaP-induced in vivo molecular toxicity with embryonic zebrafish inferred by oxidative stress and apoptosis. BaP was found to induce morphological and physiological abnormalities like delayed hatching (p < 0.05). Computational analysis demonstrated the high-affinity interaction of BaP with the zebrafish hatching enzyme (ZHE1) with Arg, Cys, Ala, Tyr, and Phe located at the active site revealing the influence of BaP on delayed hatching due to alteration of the enzyme structure. RT-PCR analysis revealed significant down-regulation of the skeletal genes Sox9a, SPP1/OPN, and Col1a1 (p < 0.05) genes. The cellular investigations unraveled that the toxicity of BaP extends to the skeletal regions of zebrafish (head, backbone, and tail) because of the elicited oxidative stress leading to apoptosis. The study extended the horizon of understanding of BaP toxicity at the molecular level which will enhance the indulgent and designing of techniques for better ecological sustainability.

  • 16.
    Farkas, Julia
    et al.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Peter, Hannes
    Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Ciesielski, Tomasz M.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Thomas, Kevin V.
    Norwegian Inst Water Res, N-0349 Oslo, Norway..
    Sommaruga, Ruben
    Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Salvenmoser, Willi
    Univ Innsbruck, Inst Zool, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology.
    Tranvik, Lars J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology.
    Jenssen, Bjorn M.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Impact of TiO2 nanoparticles on freshwater bacteria from three Swedish lakes2015In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 535, p. 85-93Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Due to the rapidly rising production and usage of nano-enabled products, aquatic environments are increasingly exposed to engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), causing concerns about their potential negative effects. In this study we assessed the effects of uncoated titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO(2)NPs) on the growth and activity of bacterial communities of three Swedish lakes featuring different chemical characteristics such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, pH and elemental composition. TiO2NP exposure concentrations were 15, 100, and 1000 mu g L-1, and experiments were performed in situ under three light regimes: darkness, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and ambient sunlight including UV radiation (UVR). The nanoparticles were most stable in lake water with high DOC and low chemical element concentrations. At the highest exposure concentration (1000 mu g L-1 TiO2NP) the bacterial abundance was significantly reduced in all lake waters. In the medium and high DOC lake waters, exposure concentrations of 100 mu g L-1 TiO2NP caused significant reductions in bacterial abundance. The cell-specific bacterial activity was significantly enhanced at high TiO2NP exposure concentrations, indicating the loss of nanoparticle-sensitive bacteria and a subsequent increased activity by tolerant ones. No UV-induced phototoxic effect of TiO2NP was found in this study. We conclude that in freshwater lakes with high DOC and low chemical element concentrations, uncoated TiO(2)NPs show an enhanced stability and can significantly reduce bacterial abundance at relatively low exposure concentrations.

  • 17.
    Flink, P
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, Centre for Image Analysis. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Information Technology, Computerized Image Analysis.
    Lindell, T
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Information Technology, Computerized Image Analysis.
    Östlund, C
    Statistical analysis of hyperspectral data from two Swedish lakes2001In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 268, no 1-3, p. 155-169Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    CASI data has been collected from two lakes in Sweden. In this paper. some statistical properties of CASI spectral data have been discussed. Principal component analysis is used for assessing the dimensionality of the data and the principal components wer

  • 18. Forslund, Johanna
    et al.
    Samakovlis, Eva
    Vredin Johansson, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Barregård, Lars
    Does remediation save lives? On the cost of cleaning up arsenic-contaminated sites in Sweden2010In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 408, no 16, p. 3085-3091Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sweden has only just begun remediation of its many contaminated sites, a process that will cost an estimatedSEK 60,000 million (USD 9100 million). Although the risk assessment method, carried out by the SwedishEPA, is driven by health effects, it does not consider actual exposure. Instead, the sites are assessed based ondivergence from guideline values. This paper uses an environmental medicine approach that takes exposureinto account to analyse how cancer risks on and near arsenic-contaminated sites are implicitly valued in theremediation process. The results show that the level of ambition is high. At 23 contaminated sites, the costper life saved varies from SEK 287 million to SEK 1,835,000 million, despite conservative calculations that infact probably underestimate the costs. It is concluded that if environmental health risks are to be reduced,there are probably other areas where economic resources can be used more cost-effectively.

  • 19.
    Fu, Xi
    et al.
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Guangzhou, Peoples R China..
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Yuan, Qianqian
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Li, Yanling
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Zhu, Xunhua
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Hashim, Jamal Hisham
    Univ Selangor, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Hashim, Zailina
    Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Ali, Faridah
    Johor State Hlth Dept, Primary Care Unit, Johor Baharu, Malaysia..
    Hu, Qiansheng
    Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Guangzhou, Peoples R China..
    Deng, Yiqun
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Sun, Yu
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Association between indoor microbiome exposure and sick building syndrome (SBS) in junior high schools of Johor Bahru, Malaysia2021In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 753, article id 141904Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a collection of nonspecific syndromes linked with the built environment. The occurrence of SBS is associated with humidity, ventilation, moulds and microbial compounds exposure. However, no study has reported the association between indoor microbiome and SBS. In this study, 308 students were surveyed for SBS symptoms from 21 classrooms of 7 junior high schools from Johor Bahru, Malaysia, and vacuum dust from floor, desks and chairs was collected. High throughput amplicon sequencing (16S rRNA gene and ITS region) and quantitative PCR were conducted to characterize the absolute concentration of bacteria and fungi taxa. In total, 326 bacterial and 255 fungal genera were detected in dust with large compositional variation among classrooms. Also, half of these samples showed low compositional similarity to microbiome data deposited in the public database. The number of observed OTUs in Gammaproteobacteria was positively associated with SBS (p = 0.004). Eight microbial genera were associated with SBS (p < 0.01). Bacterial genera, Rhodomicrobium, Scytonema and Microcoleus, were protectively (negatively) associated with ocular and throat symptoms and tiredness, and Izhakiella and an unclassified genus from Euzebyaceae were positively associated with the throat and ocular symptoms. Three fungal genera, Polychaeton, Gympopus and an unclassified genus from Microbotryaceae, were mainly positively associated with tiredness. The associations differed with our previous study in microbial compounds (endotoxin and ergosterol) and SBS in the same population, in which nasal and dermal symptoms were affected. A higher indoor relative humidity and visible dampness or mould in classrooms were associated with a higher concentration of potential risk bacteria and a lower concentration of potential protective bacteria (p < 0.01). This is the first study to characterize the SBS-associated microorganisms in the indoor environment, revealing complex interactions between microbiome, SBS symptoms and environmental characteristics.

  • 20.
    Fu, Xi
    et al.
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Ou, Zheyuan
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Zhang, Mei
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Meng, Yi
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Li, Yanling
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Chen, Qingmei
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Jiang, Jun
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Zhang, Xin
    Shanxi Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Taiyuan, Peoples R China..
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Zhao, Zhuohui
    Fudan Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China.;Fudan Univ, Shanghai Typhoon Inst CMA, Key Lab Publ Hlth Safety,Minist Educ, Shanghai Key Lab Meteorol & Hlth,NHC Key Lab Hlth, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China..
    Sun, Yu
    South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Prot Funct & Regulat Agr O, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China..
    Classroom microbiome, functional pathways and sick-building syndrome (SBS) in urban and rural schools-Potential roles of indoor microbial amino acids and vitamin metabolites2021In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 795, article id 148879Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sick building symptoms (SBS) are defined as non-specific symptoms related to indoor exposures, including mucosal symptoms in eye, nose, throat, and skin, and general symptoms as headache and tiredness. Indoor microbial composition is associated with SBS symptoms, but the impact of microbial functional genes and potential metabolic products has not been characterized. We conducted a shotgun microbial metagenomic sequencing for vacuum dust collected in urban and rural schools in Shanxi province, China. SBS symptoms in students were surveyed, and microbial taxa and functional pathways related to the symptoms were identified using a multilevel linear regression model. SBS symptoms were common in students, and the prevalence of ocular and throat symptoms, headache, and tiredness was higher in urban than in rural areas (p < 0.05). A significant higher microbial alpha-diversity was found in rural areas than in urban areas (Chao1, p = 0.001; ACE, p = 0.002). Also, significant variation in microbial taxonomic and functional composition (beta-diversity) was observed between urban and rural areas (p < 0.005). Five potential risk Actinobacteria species were associated with SBS symptoms (p < 0.01); students in the classrooms with a higher abundance of an unclassified Geodermatophilaceae, Geodermatophilus, Fridmanniella luteola, Microlunatus phosphovorus and Mycetocola reported more nasal and throat symptoms and tiredness. Students with a higher abundance of an unclassified flavobacteriaceae reported fewer throat symptoms and tiredness. The abundance of microbial metabolic pathways related to the synthesis of B vitamins (biotin and folate), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and peptidoglycan and were protectively (negatively) associated with SBS symptoms (FDR < 0.05). The result is consistent with human microbiota studies, which reported that these microbial products are extensively involved in immunological processes and anti-inflammatory effects. This is the first study to report the functional potential of the indoor microbiome and the occurrence of SBS, providing new insights into the potential etiologic mechanisms in chronic inflammatory diseases. 

  • 21.
    Funseth, Eva
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Påhlman, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Eloranta, Maija-Leena
    Friman, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ilbäck, Nils-Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Effects of coxsackievirus B3 infection on the acute-phase protein metallothionein and on cytochrome P-4501A1 involved in the detoxification processes of TCDD in the mouse2002In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 284, no 1-3, p. 37-47Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During acute infections, the synthesis of acute-phase proteins and other proteins participating in the host defence are stimulated in the liver and kidney. In previous studies of coxsackievirus B3 (CB3) infection in mice, we found that cadmium (Cd) accumulates in the kidney, whereas 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) accumulates in the liver. To study if CB3 infection affects the synthesis of the Cd-binding protein metallothionein (MT) and the TCDD-binding/detoxifying cytochrome P-450 (CYP-450) isozyme CYP1A1, the basal and TCDD-induced levels of serum MT and liver CYP1A1 isozyme were determined in healthy and CB3-infected A/J mice. Furthermore, because interferons affect CYP450 activity, the serum levels of the interferons alpha (IFN-alpha) and -beta (IFN-beta) were measured in CB3-infected mice and in mice treated with the interferon-inducer polyinosinic/polycytidylic acid (poly I/C). Virus or poly I/C was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) on day 0 and 500 ng TCDD/kg bodyweight on day 1. On day 4, CB3 infection had induced MT approximately 10-fold, regardless of TCDD treatment (P < 0.01 in infected mice and P < 0.001 in infected, TCDD-treated mice). TCDD alone induced a 10-fold increase in CYP1A1 activity (P < 0.001), whereas infection alone suppressed the normal CYP1A1 activity by 75% (P < 0.001). Infection also suppressed the TCDD-induced CYP1A1 activity by approximately 30% (n.s.). Poly I/C suppressed CYP1A1 by 20-25% (n.s.) at both basal and TCDD-induced levels. Serum IFN-alpha and IFN-beta levels were undetectable in controls, in TCDD-treated and in the poly I/C-treated groups on day 4, probably because the short IFN peak is detectable only hours after injection. Conversely, on day 4 of the infection, IFN-alpha and IFN-beta were consistently raised in the TCDD-treated infected mice, whereas increased IFNs as a result of infection alone could be detected in only one individual. These results suggest that the normal host responses during acute infections down-regulate detoxifying processes in favour of acute-phase protein synthesis. This may explain the observed changed pattern of accumulation, excretion and toxicity of the environmental pollutants cadmium and TCDD during this common virus infection.

  • 22. Gamberg, Mary
    et al.
    Chételat, John
    Poulain, Alexandre
    Zdanowicz, Christian M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    Zheng, Jiancheng
    Mercury in the Canadian Arctic Terrestrial Environment: An Update2015In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 509-510, p. 28-40Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Contaminants in the Canadian Arctic have been studied over the last twenty years under the guidance of the Northern Contaminants Program. This paper provides the current state of knowledge on mercury (Hg) in theCanadian Arctic terrestrial environment. Snow, ice, and soils on land are key reservoirs for atmospheric deposition and can become sources of Hg through the melting of terrestrial ice and snow and via soil erosion. In the Canadian Arctic, new data have been collected for snow and ice that provide more information on the net accumulation and storage of Hg in the cryosphere. Concentrations of total Hg (THg) in terrestrial snow are highly variable but on average, relatively low (less than 5ng/L), and methylmercury (MeHg) levels in terrestrial snow are also generally low (less than 0.1 ng/L). On average, THg concentrations in snow on Canadian Arctic glaciers are muchlower than those reported on terrestrial lowlands or sea ice. Hg in snow may be affected by photochemical exchanges with the atmosphere mediated by marine aerosols and halogens, and by post-depositional redistribution within the snow pack. Regional accumulation rates of THg in Canadian Arctic glaciers varied little during the past century but show evidence of an increasing north-to-south gradient. Temporal trends of THg in glacier cores indicate an abrupt increase inthe early 1990s, possibly due to volcanic emissions, followed by more stable, but relatively elevated levels. Little information is available on Hg concentrations and processes in Arctic soils. Terrestrial Arctic wildlife typically have low levels of THg (less than μg/g dry weight) in their tissues, although caribou(Rangifer tarandus) can have higher Hg because they consume large amounts of lichen.THg concentrations in the Yukon’s Porcupine caribou herd vary among years but there has been no significant increase or decrease over the last two decades.

  • 23.
    Hamback, P. A.
    et al.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Plant Sci, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dawson, L.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Sch Forest Management, Skinnskatteberg, Sweden..
    Geranmayeh, P.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Jarsjo, J.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kacergyte, I.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Peacock, M.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden.;Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Dept Geog & Planning, Liverpool, England..
    Collentine, D.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Destouni, G.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Futter, M.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Hugelius, G.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hedman, S.
    Rural Econ & Agr Soc, Eldsberga, Sweden..
    Jonsson, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Klatt, B. K.
    Rural Econ & Agr Soc, Eldsberga, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Dept Biol, Lund, Sweden..
    Lindstrom, A.
    Natl Vet Inst, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Nilsson, Josefin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology. Halmstad Univ, Dept Environm & Biosci, Halmstad, Sweden..
    Part, T.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Schneider, L. D.
    Rural Econ & Agr Soc, Eldsberga, Sweden..
    Strand, J. A.
    Rural Econ & Agr Soc, Eldsberga, Sweden..
    Urrutia-Cordero, P.
    Lund Univ, Dept Biol, Lund, Sweden..
    Ahlen, D.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Plant Sci, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    ahlen, I.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Blicharska, Malgorzata
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development.
    Tradeoffs and synergies in wetland multifunctionality: A scaling issue2023In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 862, article id 160746Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Wetland area in agricultural landscapes has been heavily reduced to gain land for crop production, but in recent years there is increased societal recognition of the negative consequences from wetland loss on nutrient retention, biodiver-sity and a range of other benefits to humans. The current trend is therefore to re-establish wetlands, often with an aim to achieve the simultaneous delivery of multiple ecosystem services, i.e., multifunctionality. Here we review the liter-ature on key objectives used to motivate wetland re-establishment in temperate agricultural landscapes (provision of flow regulation, nutrient retention, climate mitigation, biodiversity conservation and cultural ecosystem services), and their relationships to environmental properties, in order to identify potential for tradeoffs and synergies concerning the development of multifunctional wetlands. Through this process, we find that there is a need for a change in scale from a focus on single wetlands to wetlandscapes (multiple neighboring wetlands including their catchments and surround-ing landscape features) if multiple societal and environmental goals are to be achieved. Finally, we discuss the key fac-tors to be considered when planning for re-establishment of wetlands that can support achievement of a wide range of objectives at the landscape scale.

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  • 24.
    Hambäck, P.A.
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dawson, L.
    Swedish University Of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Geranmayeh, P.
    Swedish University Of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Jarsjö, J.
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kačergytė, I.
    Swedish University Of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Peacock, M.
    Swedish University Of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; University Of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
    Collentine, D.
    Swedish University Of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Destouni, G.
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Futter, M.
    Swedish University Of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Hugelius, G.
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hedman, S.
    The Rural Economy And Agricultural Society, Eldsberga, Sweden.
    Jonsson, S.
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Klatt, B.K.
    The Rural Economy And Agricultural Society, Eldsberga, Sweden; Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Lindström, A.
    National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Nilsson, Josefin E
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology. Department of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Pärt, T.
    Swedish University Of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Schneider, L.D.
    The Rural Economy And Agricultural Society, Eldsberga, Sweden.
    Strand, J.A.
    The Rural Economy And Agricultural Society, Eldsberga, Sweden.
    Urrutia-Cordero, P.
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Åhlén, D.
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Åhlén, I.
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Blicharska, M.
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Tradeoffs and synergies in wetland multifunctionality: A scaling issue2023In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 862, article id 160746Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Wetland area in agricultural landscapes has been heavily reduced to gain land for crop production, but in recent years there is increased societal recognition of the negative consequences from wetland loss on nutrient retention, biodiversity and a range of other benefits to humans. The current trend is therefore to re-establish wetlands, often with an aim to achieve the simultaneous delivery of multiple ecosystem services, i.e., multifunctionality. Here we review the literature on key objectives used to motivate wetland re-establishment in temperate agricultural landscapes (provision of flow regulation, nutrient retention, climate mitigation, biodiversity conservation and cultural ecosystemservices), and their relationships to environmental properties, in order to identify potential for tradeoffs and synergies concerning the development of multifunctional wetlands. Through this process, we find that there is a need for a change in scale from a focus on single wetlands to wetlandscapes (multiple neighboring wetlands including their catchments and surrounding landscape features) ifmultiple societal and environmental goals are to be achieved. Finally, we discuss the key factors to be considered when planning for re-establishment of wetlands that can support achievement of a wide range of objectives at the landscape scale.

  • 25. Hambäck, P.A.
    et al.
    Dawson, Lucas
    Geranmayeh, Pia
    Jarsjö, J.
    Peacock, M.
    Collentine, D.
    Destouni, G.
    Futter, M.
    Hedman, S.
    Jonsson, S.
    Kačergyté, I.
    Klatt, B.K.
    Lindström, A.
    Nilsson, J.E.
    Pärt, T.
    Schneider, L.
    Strand, J.
    Urrutia Cordero, P.
    Åhlén, D.
    Åhlén, I.
    Blicharska, Malgorzata
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development.
    Trade-offs and synergies in the design of multifunctional wetlands: A scaling issue2023In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 862, article id 160746Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Wetland area in agricultural landscapes has been heavily reduced to gain land for crop production, but in recent years there is increased societal recognition of the negative consequences from wetland loss on nutrient retention, biodiversity and a range of other benefits to humans. The current trend is therefore to re-establish wetlands, often with an aim to achieve the simultaneous delivery of multiple ecosystem services, i.e., multifunctionality. Here we review the literature on key objectives used to motivate wetland re-establishment in temperate agricultural landscapes (provision of flow regulation, nutrient retention, climate mitigation, biodiversity conservation and cultural ecosystem services), and their relationships to environmental properties, in order to identify potential for tradeoffs and synergies concerning the development of multifunctional wetlands. Through this process, we find that there is a need for a change in scale from a focus on single wetlands to wetlandscapes (multiple neighboring wetlands including their catchments and surrounding landscape features) if multiple societal and environmental goals are to be achieved. Finally, we discuss the key factors to be considered when planning for re-establishment of wetlands that can support achievement of a wide range of objectives at the landscape scale.

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  • 26. Hansen, Violeta
    et al.
    Yi, Peng
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    Hou, Xiaolin
    Aldahan, Ala
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    Roos, Per
    Possnert, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, För teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten gemensamma enheter, Tandem Laboratory.
    Iodide and iodate ((129)I and (127)I) in surface water of the Baltic Sea, Kattegat and Skagerrak2011In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 412, p. 296-303Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite the common incorporation of iodine in the biological cycle and occurrence of huge contamination of the radioactive isotope (129)I in the Baltic Proper, Skagerrak and Kattegat, there is no data on chemical speciation of iodine in these waters. We here present first time data on iodine isotopes (129)I and (127)I species as iodide and iodate in surface seawater samples collected from 16 locations in August 2006 and 19 locations in April 2007 in the Baltic Proper, Skagerrak and Kattegat. After extensive separation methods, the isotopes concentrations were determined using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) technique for the (129)I and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) for (127)I. High concentrations of both isotopes species were found in the Skagerrak-Kattegat basins, whereas the values in the Baltic Proper are low for both species. The ratios of (129)I(-)/(129)IO(3)(-) and (127)I-/(127)IO(3)(-) significantly increase from south to central Baltic Sea, and iodide (both isotopes) appears as the predominant inorganic iodine species along the Baltic Sea. The results show insignificant change in (129)I and (127)I speciation and suggest that reduction of iodate and oxidation of iodide in Skagerrak and Kattegat may be a slow process. Additionally, the positive correlation between salinity and iodide and iodate (both isotopes) may reflect effective control of Skagerrak water mass on iodine distribution in surface water of the Baltic Sea.

  • 27. Helander, B.
    et al.
    Axelsson, J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Environmental Toxicology.
    Borg, H.
    Holm, K.
    Bignert, A.
    Ingestion of lead from ammunition and lead concentrations in white-tailed sea eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) in Sweden2009In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 407, no 21, p. 5555-5563Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study we show for the first time that lead poisoning from ammunition is a significant mortality factor for white-tailed sea eagle (WSE) (Haliaeetus albicilla) in Sweden. We analyzed 118 WSEs collected between 1981 and 2004 from which both liver and kidney samples could be taken. A total of 22% of all eagles examined had elevated (>6 microg/gd.w.) lead concentrations, indicating exposure to leaded ammunition, and 14% of the individuals had either liver or kidney lead concentrations diagnostic of lethal lead poisoning (>20 microg/gd.w.). Lead concentrations in liver and kidney were significantly correlated. In individuals with lead levels <6 microg/g, concentrations were significantly higher in kidney than in liver; in individuals with lead levels >20 microg/g, concentrations were significantly higher in liver. The lead isotope ratios indicate that the source of lead in individuals with lethal concentrations is different from that of individuals exhibiting background concentrations of lead (<6 microg/gd.w.) There were no significant sex or age differences in lead concentrations. A study from the Baltic reported in principle no biomagnification of lead, but background lead concentrations in WSE liver in this study were still four to >10 times higher than concentrations reported for Baltic fish from the same time period. In contrast to other biota there was no decrease in lead concentrations in WSE over the study period. The proportion of lead poisoned WSE remained unchanged over the study period, including two years after a partial ban of lead shot was enforced in 2002 for shallow wetlands. The use of lead in ammunition poses a threat to all raptors potentially feeding on shot game or offal. The removal of offal from shot game and alternatives to leaded ammunition needs to be implemented in order to prevent mortality from lead in raptors and scavengers.

  • 28.
    Hylander, Lars D.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Air and Water Science.
    Lindvall, Anders
    Foundation for Metal Biology, Öfre Slottsgatan 16A, S-753 12 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Gahnberg, Lars
    Public Dental Health Service, County of Uppsala, Ulleråkersvägen 21, S-750 17 Uppsala, Sweden.
    High mercury emissions from dental clinics despite amalgam separators2006In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 362, no 1-3, p. 74-84Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mercury (Hg) as amalgam has been used as a dental filling material for more than 150 years. Thereby, dentists and their patients have been directly exposed to Hg, and the public and the environment indirectly exposed via Hg emissions from incinerators and Hg in waste water from households and dental clinics. Due to the toxic properties of Hg and bioaccumulation in biota of Hg emitted via dental clinic waste water, amalgam separators were introduced in Sweden in the 1980s. Although these amalgam separators in the certification process are required to remove at least 95% of incoming Hg in a standardized laboratory test, their efficiency in practical use has not been properly investigated. Here we present actual Hg emissions via waste water from 12 dental clinics equipped with the same type of amalgam separator based on sedimentation. All waste water was collected for four consecutive working days, initially at ordinary operating conditions and a second time after a thorough revision and cleaning of the discharge system. The results indicate that mercury emissions from dental clinics can be reduced by an improved design of the discharge system, a sensible use of high pressure water cleaning, and regular maintenance, including replacement of amalgam separators and filters at certain intervals. The study also indicates that banning Hg in dentistry is the one long-term way to stop Hg emissions from dental amalgam.

  • 29.
    Hylander, Lars D.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Air and Water Science.
    Lindvall, Anders
    Uhrberg, Roland
    Gahnberg, Lars
    Lindh, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Enheten för metallbiologisk forskning.
    Mercury recovery in situ of four different dental amalgam separators2006In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 366, no 1, p. 320-336Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Amalgam separators are used to physically remove dental amalgam from waste water in dental clinics. They are thereby supposed to reduce mercury (Hg) emissions to the municipal waste water system to acceptable levels. We here present results from a comparative study in situ of three amalgam separators available on the market, all with a claimed efficiency of 99% according to Danish and ISO protocols, and using sedimentation as the principle of separation. We also present corresponding data for an investigational prototype of an improved separator. The obtained efficiency of the three commercial separators is far below what is stated by the manufacturer and by authorities assumed to be the efficiency in clinical conditions. They reduced Hg emissions by 79 - 91%, leaving an average Hg content in outgoing waste water of 1.5 mg L(-1). However, the prototype separator participating in this study retained 99.9% of the waste water Hg emissions, leaving an average Hg content in outgoing waste water of 0.004 mg L(-1). Physical restrictions prohibit sedimentary type separators to recover the Hg fractions causing the largest damages in wastewater treatment plants. This fraction is not considered in the ISO protocol for testing amalgam separators, which therefore needs to be revised. Abolishing the use of dental amalgam and cleaning the tubing systems is the most efficient long-term solution to reduce Hg emissions from dental clinics. Until then, Hg emissions originating from placing, polishing or removing existing amalgam fillings, should be counteracted by the use of low-emission amalgam separators, already on the market or presently being developed for use alone or together with sedimentary type amalgam separators.

  • 30.
    Hytteborn, Julia K.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    Temnerud, Johan
    Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden.
    Alexander, Richard B.
    U.S. Geological Survey, USA.
    Boyer, Elisabeth W.
    Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, USA.
    Futter, Martyn N.
    Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden.
    Fröberg, Mats
    Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden.
    Dahné, Joel
    Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Research Department, Sweden.
    Bishop, Kevin H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala Centre for Sustainable Development, CSD Uppsala. Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden.
    Patterns and predictability in the intra-annual organic carbon variability across the boreal and hemiboreal landscape2015In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 520, p. 260-269Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Factors affecting total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations in 215 watercourses across Sweden were investigated using parameter parsimonious regression approaches to explain spatial and temporal variabilities of the TOC water quality responses. We systematically quantified the effects of discharge, seasonality, and long-term trend as factors controlling intra-annual (among year) and inter-annual (within year) variabilities of TOC by evaluating the spatial variability in model coefficients and catchment characteristics (e.g. land cover, retention time, soil type).

    Catchment area (0.18–47,000 km2) and land cover types (forests, agriculture and alpine terrain) are typical for the boreal and hemiboreal zones across Fennoscandia. Watercourses had at least 6 years of monthly water quality observations between 1990 and 2010. Statistically significant models (p < 0.05) describing variation of TOC in streamflow were identified in 209 of 215 watercourses with a mean Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency index of 0.44. Increasing long-term trends were observed in 149 (70%) of the watercourses, and intra-annual variation in TOC far exceeded inter-annual variation. The average influences of the discharge and seasonality terms on intra-annual variations in daily TOC concentration were 1.4 and 1.3 mg l− 1 (13 and 12% of the mean annual TOC), respectively. The average increase in TOC was 0.17 mg l− 1 year− 1 (1.6% year− 1).

    Multivariate regression with over 90 different catchment characteristics explained 21% of the spatial variation in the linear trend coefficient, less than 20% of the variation in the discharge coefficient and 73% of the spatial variation in mean TOC. Specific discharge, water residence time, the variance of daily precipitation, and lake area, explained 45% of the spatial variation in the amplitude of the TOC seasonality.

    Because the main drivers of temporal variability in TOC are seasonality and discharge, first-order estimates of the influences of climatic variability and change on TOC concentration should be predictable if the studied catchments continue to respond similarly.

  • 31.
    Håkanson, Lars
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    Bryhn, Andreas C.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    Hytteborn, Julia K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    On the issue of limiting nutrient and predictions of cyanobacteria in aquatic systems2007In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 379, no 1, p. 89-108Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study aims at bridging the gap between freshwater and marine eutrophication studies by presenting (1) a cross-system analysis of the relationship between chlorophyll and the total nitrogen (TN) to total phosphorus (TP) ratio (2) a general model to predict concentrations of cyanobacteria from data on TP, the TN/TP ratio, salinity and temperature, and (3) a general trophic level classification for aquatic systems based on chlorophyll classes (for oligo-, meso-, eu- and hypertrophic systems). The data compiled in this study concerns more than 500 lakes and coastal areas covering a very wide domain in terms of nutrient concentrations and salinity. There was no simple relationship between the TN/TP ratio and empirical chlorophyll concentrations or concentrations of cyanobacteria. Variations in TP rather than TN generally seem to be more important to predict variations among systems in chlorophyll-a and cyanobacteria. Different “bioavailable” forms of the nutrients (DIN, DIP, phosphate, nitrate, etc.) have been shown to have very high coefficients of variation (CV), which means that many samples are needed to obtain reliable empirical data which are necessary in models aiming for high predictive power and practical usefulness.

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  • 32.
    Håkanson, Lars
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
    Lindgren, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
    Test and application of a general process-based dynamic coastal mass-balance for contaminants using data for radionuclides in the Dnieper-Bug estuary2009In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 407, no 2, p. 899-916Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this work a general, process-based mass-balance model for water contaminants for coastal areas at the ecosystem scale (CoastMab) is presented and for the first time tested for radionuclides. The model is dynamic, based on ordinary differential equations and gives monthly predictions. Connected to the core model there is also a sub-model for contaminant concentrations in fish. CoastMab calculates sedimentation, resuspension, diffusion, mixing, burial and retention of the given contaminant. The model contains both general algorithms, which apply to all contaminants, and substance-specific parts (such as algorithms for the particulate fraction, diffusion, biouptake and biological half-life). CoastMab and the sub-model for fish are simple to apply in practice since all driving variables may be readily accessed from maps or regular monitoring programs. The separation between the surface-water layer and the deep-water layer is not done as in most traditional models from water temperature data but from sedimentological criteria. Previous versions of the models for phoshorus and suspended particulate matter (in the Baltic Sea) have been validated and shown to predict well. This work presents modifications of the model and tests using two tracers, radiocesium and radiostrontium (from the Chernobyl fallout) in the Dnieper-Bug estuary (the Black Sea). Good correlations are shown between modeled and empirical data, except for the month directly after the fallout. We have, e.g., shown that: 1. The conditions in the sea outside the bay are important for the concentrations of the substances in water, sediments and fish within the bay, 2. We have demonstraed “biological”, “chemical” and “water” dilution, 3. That the water chemical conditions in the bay influence biouptake and concentrations in fish of the radionuclides and 4. That the feeding behaviour of the coastal fish is very important for the biouptake of the radionuclides.

  • 33.
    Ilbäck, Nils-Gunnar
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Frisk, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology.
    Mohamed, Nahla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Gadhasson, Inga-Lill
    Blomberg, Jonas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Friman, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Virus induces metal-binding proteins and changed trace element balance in the brain during the course of a common human infection (coxsackievirus B3) in mice2007In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 381, no 1-3, p. 88-98Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autopsy of the brain has shown a change in trace element balance in some virus-infected individuals, but it is not known whether this event was a result of the infection. In the present study coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) adapted to Balb/c mice was used to study whether infection induces gene expression of the metal-binding/transporting proteins metallothionein (MT1 and MT3) and divalent-metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and whether it changes the balance of trace elements in the brain. Virus and MT1, MT3, and DMT1 were quantitatively measured by RT-PCR on days 3, 6 and 9 of the infection. Trace elements (13) were measured in serum and the brain by ICP-MS. High numbers of virus were found in the brain on days 3 and 6, but virus counts were decreased and present only in 50% of the mice on day 9. Gene expression of MT1 tended to increase on all days, whereas that of MT3 only showed a minor and not significant increase on day 3. No clear effect was observed in the expression of DMT1. The increase of MT3 was correlated to the brain concentration of Cu. The Cu/Zn ratio in serum increased as a response to the infection. There was a similar decrease in Cd in serum and the brain. On day 6 of the infection, Hg increased in the brain (p<0.05) and was positively correlated to a concomitant decrease (p<0.05) in serum. Virus numbers in the brain were on day 6 positively correlated (p<0.05) to As concentrations. Enteroviral infections may therefore be an underlying factor regarding the changes in essential as well as potentially toxic trace elements in the brain.

  • 34.
    Isa, Khairul Nizam Mohd
    et al.
    Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.;Univ Kuala Lumpur, Inst Med Sci Technol, Environm Healthcare Sect, Environm Hlth Res Cluster EHRc, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Jalaludin, Juliana
    Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Hashim, Zailina
    Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Than, Leslie Thian Lung
    Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Med Microbiol & Parasitol, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Hashim, Jamal Hisham
    Univ Selangor, Fac Engn & Life Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, Shah Alam Campus, Seksyen 7, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Fungi composition in settled dust associated with fractional exhaled nitric oxide in school children with asthma2022In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 853, article id 158639Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Fungi exposure has been significantly linked to respiratory illness. However, numerous fungi taxa that are potentially allergenic still undocumented and leave a barrier to establishing a clear connection between exposure and health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the association of fungi composition in settled dust with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels among school children with doctor-diagnosed asthma. A cross-sectional study was undertaken among secondary school students in eight schools in the urban area of Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 470 school children (aged 14 years old) were randomly selected and their FeNO levels were measured and allergic skin prick tests were conducted. The settled dust samples were collected and analysed by using metagenomic technique to determine the fungi composition. The general linear regression with complex sampling was employed to determine the interrelationship. In total, 2645 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were characterised from the sequencing process which belongs to Ascomycota (60.7 %), Basidiomycota (36.4 %), Glomeromycota (2.9 %) and Chytridiomycota (0.04 %). The top five mostly abundance in all dust samples were Aspergillus clavatus (27.2 %), followed by Hyphoderma multicystidium (12.2 %), Verrucoconiothyrium prosopidis (9.4 %), Ganoderma tuberculosum (9.2 %), and Heterochaete shearii (7.2 %). The regression results indicated that A. clavatus, Brycekendrickomyces acaciae, Candida parapsilosis, Hazslinszkyomyces aloes, H. multicystidium, H. shearii, Starmerella meliponinorum, V. prosopidis were associated in increased of FeNO levels among the asthmatic group at 0.992 ppb (95 % CI = 0.34-1.68), 2.887 ppb (95 % CI = 2.09-3.76), 0.809 ppb (95 % CI = 0.14-1.49), 0.647 ppb (95 % CI = 0.36-0.94), 1.442 ppb (95 % CI = 0.29-2.61), 1.757 ppb (95 % CI = 0.59-2.87), 1.092 ppb (95 % CI = 0.43-1.75) and 1.088 ppb (95 % CI = 0.51-1.62), respectively. To our knowledge, this is a new finding. The findings pointed out that metagenomics profiling of fungi could enhance our understanding of a complex interrelation between rare and unculturable fungi with airway inflammation.

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  • 35.
    Jakariya, Md
    et al.
    Research and Evaluation Division, Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC).
    Vahter, Marie
    Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
    Rahman, Mahfuzar
    Wahed, M. Abdul
    Hore, Samar Kumar
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    Jacks, Gunnar
    Persson, Lars-Åke
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Screening of arsenic in tubewell water with field test kits: evaluation of the method from public health perspective2007In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 379, no 2-3, p. 167-175Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There is an urgent need for Bangladesh to identify the arsenic (As) contaminated tubewells (TWs) in order to assess the health risks and initiate appropriate mitigation measures. This will involve testing water in millions of TWs and raising community awareness about the health problems related to chronic As exposure from drinking water. Field test kits offer the only practical tool within the time frame and financial resources available for screening and assessment of the As contaminated TWs as well as their monitoring than that of the laboratory measurement. A comparison of field test kit and laboratory measurements by AAS as "gold standard" for As in water of 12,532 TWs in Matlab Upazila in Bangladesh, indicates that the field kit correctly determined the status of 91% of the As levels compared to the Bangladesh Drinking Water Standard (BDWS) of 50 microg/L, and 87% of the WHO guideline value of 10 microg/L. Nevertheless, due to analytical and human errors during the determination of As by the field test kits, some misclassification of wells is inevitable. Cross-checking of the field test kit results, both by Field Supervisor and by the laboratory analyses reveal considerable discrepancies in the correct screening mainly at As concentration ranges of 10-24.9 microg/L and 50-99.9 microg/L, critical from a public health point of view. The uncertainties of misclassification of these two groups of TWs have severe public health implications due to As exposure from drinking water sources. This can be reduced through proper training of the field personnel, cross verification of the field test kit results with laboratory analyses and further development of the field test kits to determine As at low concentrations.

  • 36.
    Jatkowska, Natalia
    et al.
    Gdansk Univ Technol, Dept Analyt Chem, Fac Chem, 11-12 Narutowicza Str, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland..
    Kudlak, Blazej
    Gdansk Univ Technol, Dept Analyt Chem, Fac Chem, 11-12 Narutowicza Str, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland..
    Lewandowska, Patrycja
    Gdansk Univ Technol, Dept Analyt Chem, Fac Chem, 11-12 Narutowicza Str, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland..
    Liu, Wen
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Schiöth: Functional Pharmacology.
    Williams, Michael J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Schiöth: Functional Pharmacology.
    Schiöth, Helgi B.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Schiöth: Functional Pharmacology. IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Inst Translat Med & Biotechnol, Moscow, Russia..
    Identification of synergistic and antagonistic actions of environmental pollutants: Bisphenols A, S and F in the presence of DEP, DBP, BADGE and BADGE center dot 2HCl in three component mixtures2021In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 767, article id 144286Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Ecosystems are facing increased pressure due to the emission of many classes of emerging contaminants. However, very little is known about the interactions of these pollutants, such as bisphenols (BPs), plasticizers or pharmaceuticals. By employing bioluminescent bacteria (Microtox assay), we were able to define interactions between selected emerging pollutants (namely BPA, BPS, BPF, BADGE, BADGE center dot 2HCl, DEP, DBP) in ternary mixtures, at environmentally relevant concentration levels (down to as low as 1.89, 1.42. 3.08, and 0.3261AM for, respectively, BPA BPF, BPS and BADGE- 2HCl). We provide the first systematic analysis of bisphenols and phthalates in three component mixtures. Using this system, we performed toxicity modelling with concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) approaches, followed by data interpretation using Model Deviation Ratio (MDR) evaluation. Interestingly, we mathematically and experimentally confirmed a novel synergy between BPA, BADGE and BADGE center dot 2HCl. The synergy of BPA, BADGE and BADGE center dot 2HCl is distinct, with both models suggesting these a nalytes have a similar mode of action (MOA). Moreover, we unexpectedly found a strong antagonistic impact with DEP, in mixtures containing BPA and BADGE analogues, which is confirmed with both mathematical models. Our study also shows that the impact of BPS and BPF in many mixtures is highly concentration dependent, justifying the necessity to perform mixture studies using wide concentration ranges. Overall, this study demonstrates that bioluminescent bacteria are a relevant model for detecting the synergistic and antagonist actions of environmental pollutants in mixtures, and highlights the importance of analyzing combinations of pollutants in higher order mixtures.

  • 37. Jayasinghe, Saroj
    et al.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Salihovic, Samira
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Lind, P. Monica
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    DDT and its metabolites could contribute to the aetiology of chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) and more studies are a priority2019In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 649, p. 1638-1639Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 38. Jayasinghe, Saroj
    et al.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Salihovic, Samira
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Lind, P. Monica
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    High serum levels of p,p'-DDE are associated with an accelerated decline in GFR during 10 years follow-up.2018In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 644, p. 371-374Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Over the past 20 years, the global incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been increasing and organochlorine pesticides (such as DDT) is a suspected etiological factor. The present study examines the associations between low level background exposure to p,p'-DDE (1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene), the main DDT metabolite, and kidney function during a 10-year follow-up. Data was analysed from the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study (n = 1016, 50% women, all aged 70 years). Serum levels of p,p'-DDE was measured by gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS) at baseline (i.e. age of 70 years). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using serum creatinine and cystatin C at 70, 75 and 80 years of age. A significant decline in GFR was seen during the 10-year follow-up (-24 ml/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.0001). A significant negative interaction was seen between baseline p,p'-DDE levels and change in GFR over time (p < 0.0001) following adjustment for sex, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, BMI, smoking and education level at age 70. Subjects with the lowest levels of p,p'-DDE levels at age 70 showed the lowest decline in GFR over 10 years, while subjects with the highest p,p'-DDE levels showed the greatest decline. Baseline levels of p,p'-DDE were related to an accelerated reduction in GFR over 10 years suggesting a nephrotoxic effect of DDT/p,p'-DDE. These findings support a potential role for DDT in the epidemic of CKD of unknown etiology (CKDu) in agricultural communities of Sri Lanka and Central America where DDT was previously used.

  • 39.
    Jiménez-Navarro, Inmaculada C.
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jerónimos s/n, 30107, Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain..
    Mesman, Jorrit P.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology.
    Pierson, Don
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology.
    Trolle, Dennis
    WaterITech, Døjsøvej 1, 8660 Skanderborg, Denmark..
    Nielsen, Anders
    WaterITech, Døjsøvej 1, 8660 Skanderborg, Denmark..
    Senent-Aparicio, Javier
    Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jerónimos s/n, 30107, Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain..
    Application of an integrated catchment-lake model approach for simulating effects of climate change on lake inputs and biogeochemistry2023In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 885, article id 163946Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Climate change is simultaneously affecting lakes and their catchments, resulting in altered runoff patterns in the catchment and modified mixing and biogeochemical dynamics in lakes. The effects of climate change in a catchment will eventually have an impact on the dynamics of a downstream water body as well. An integrated model would allow considering how changes in the watershed affect the lake, but coupled modelling studies are rare. In this study we integrate a catchment model (SWAT+) and a lake model (GOTM-WET) to obtain holistic predictions for Lake Erken, Sweden. Using five different global climate models, projections of climate, catchment loads and lake water quality for the mid and end of the 21st century have been obtained under two future scenarios (SSP 2-45 and SSP 5-85). Temperature, precipitation and evapotranspiration will increase in the future, overall resulting in an increase in water inflow to the lake. An increasing importance of surface runoff will also have consequences on the catchment soil, hydrologic flow paths, and the input of nutrients to the lake. In the lake, water temperatures will rise, leading to increased stratification and a drop in oxygen levels. Nitrate levels are predicted to remain unchanged, while phosphate and ammonium levels increase. A coupled catchment-lake configuration such as that illustrated here allows prediction of future biogeochemical conditions of a lake, including linking land use changes to changing lake conditions, as well as eutrophication and browning studies. Since climate affects both the lake and the catchment, simulations of climate change should ideally take into account both systems.

  • 40.
    Johansson, Håkan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
    Jonsson, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
    Forsman, Jonas K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
    Wörman, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
    Retention of Conservative and Sorptive Solutes in Streams - Simultaneous Tracer Experiment2001In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 266, no 1-3, p. 229-238Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effective transport velocity of solutes in rivers and streams is governed by transient storage in hyporheic zones in which the longitudinal advection velocity is small relative to the main stream flow velocity. Results from a simultaneous tracer experiment using a non-reactive (tritium, 3H2O) and a sorptive tracer [chromium, 51Cr(III)] have formed the basis of a more accurate interpretation of the retention characteristics of solutes in streams than previously has been possible. By using a simultaneous injection of these two tracers, it was possible to distinguish between their different behaviours. Based on estimations of fluxes, the retained mass of chromium in the storage zones along the 30-km-long study-reach was 76% after 150 h. Independent observations in the bed sediment indicated that the loss of chromium observed in the water was mainly a result of uptake into the bed sediment. To describe the transport in the stream, a model concept including solute sorption kinetics in the bed sediment was proposed. Evaluation of parameters in the model, indicated that the uptake of chromium in the bed sediment is controlled by sorption kinetics.

  • 41.
    Jonsson, Karin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
    Wörman, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
    Effect of Sorption Kinetics on the Transport of Solutes in Streams2001In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 266, no 1-3, p. 239-247Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To provide an appropriate description of the transport of a reactive substance in a stream, it is important to include a kinetic description of sorption in a transport model. In this study, first-order sorption kinetics was taken into account in both the transient storage zone and the stream water, and analytical expressions for relative error in statistical moments of the residence time PDF, resulting from disregarding sorption kinetics, were derived. The sorption rate coefficient in the water was found to influence the error in the expected value, and the error was found to approach infinity as the travel distance or sorption rate coefficient approaches zero. The sorption rate coefficient in the storage zone influences only higher-order moments. For sufficiently long distances, the error in the variance was found to be more pronounced when sorption kinetics in the storage zone was disregarded, than when sorption kinetics in the stream water was disregarded. Parameter values from a tracer experiment with 51Cr revealed that the relative error in the variance could be more than 100%, if sorption kinetics in the storage zone is disregarded.

  • 42.
    Jose Farre, Maria
    et al.
    Univ Girona, Catalan Inst Water Res, ICRA, H2O Bldg,Sci & Technol Pk, Girona 17003, Spain.
    Jaen-Gil, Adrian
    Univ Girona, Catalan Inst Water Res, ICRA, H2O Bldg,Sci & Technol Pk, Girona 17003, Spain.
    Hawkes, Jeffrey A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Petrovic, Mira
    Univ Girona, Catalan Inst Water Res, ICRA, H2O Bldg,Sci & Technol Pk, Girona 17003, Spain;Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies, ICREA, Barcelona 08010, Spain.
    Catalan, Nuria
    Univ Girona, Catalan Inst Water Res, ICRA, H2O Bldg,Sci & Technol Pk, Girona 17003, Spain.
    Orbitrap molecular fingerprint of dissolved organic matter in natural waters and its relationship with NDMA formation potential2019In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 670, p. 1019-1027Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a disinfection byproduct that has been classified as probable human carcinogen by the US Environmental Protection Agency. According to the published literature, natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) can be a source of NDMA precursors in drinking water. New advances in chemical characterization of DOM with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) are allowing researchers to understand these ultra-complex mixtures. The objective of this study is to investigate analytical methodologies based on HRMS to explore NDMA formation from natural waters. To this aim, different waters from drinking water reservoirs in Spain containing NDMA precursors (quantified by means of NDMA formation potential) in concentrations between 17 and 60 ng/L have been studied. The workflow includes DOM solid-phase extraction and Orbitrap analysis with and without chromatographic separation. Here, we show that the molecular composition of DOM across the studied drinking water reservoirs is correlated with the NDMA formation potential. In particular, we found that NDMA formation potential is associated with compounds with high hydrogen saturation (H/C >= 1.5), corresponding also to reservoirs with higher background nutrient concentrations and wastewater indicators. Further chromatographic fractionation did not allow better definition of these possible precursors as they were present in different fractions of the chromatogram, suggesting that they were isomerically complex. 

  • 43.
    Karlsson, Oskar
    et al.
    Stockholm Univ, Sci Life Lab, Dept Environm Sci, S-11418 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Svanholm, Sofie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Organismal Biology, Environmental toxicology.
    Eriksson, Andreas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Organismal Biology, Environmental toxicology.
    Chidiac, Joseph
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Eriksson, Johanna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Jernerén, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Berg, Cecilia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Organismal Biology, Environmental toxicology.
    Pesticide-induced multigenerational effects on amphibian reproduction and metabolism2021In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 775, article id 145771Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Underlying drivers of species extinctions need to be better understood for effective conservation of biodiversity. Nearly half of all amphibian species are at risk of extinction, and pollution may be a significant threat as seasonal high-level agrochemical use overlaps with critical windows of larval development. The potential of environmental chemicals to reduce the fitness of future generations may have profound ecological and evolutionary implications. This study characterized effects of male developmental exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of the anti-androgenic pesticide linuron over two generations of offspring in Xenopus tropicalis frogs. The adult male offspring of pesticide-exposed fathers (F1) showed reduced body size, decreased fertility, and signs of endocrine system disruption. Impacts were further propagated to the grand-offspring (F2), providing evidence of transgenerational effects in amphibians. The adult F2 males demonstrated increased weight and fat body palmitoleic-to-palmitic acid ratio, and decreased plasma glucose levels. The study provides important cross-species evidence of paternal epigenetic inheritance and pollutant-induced transgenerational toxicity, supporting a causal and complex role of environmental contamination in the ongoing species extinctions, particularly of amphibians. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

  • 44.
    Komyakova, Valeriya
    et al.
    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.;Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas 7053, Australia..
    Jaffres, Jasmine B. D.
    C&R Consulting, Townsville, Qld, Australia.;James Cook Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Townsville, Qld, Australia..
    Strain, Elisabeth M. A.
    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.;Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas 7053, Australia..
    Cullen-Knox, Coco
    Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas 7053, Australia..
    Fudge, Maree
    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.;Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas 7053, Australia.;Univ Tasmania, Coll Business & Econ, Hobart, Tas, Australia..
    Langhamer, Olivia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Electricity.
    Bender, Anke
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Electricity.
    Yaakub, Siti M.
    DHI Water & Environm S, Sustainabil & Climate Solut Dept, Singapore, Singapore..
    Wilson, Eloise
    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.;Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas 7053, Australia..
    Allan, Bridie J. M.
    Univ Otago, Dept Marine Sci, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand..
    Sella, Ido
    ECOncrete Tech, Tel Aviv, Israel..
    Haward, Marcus
    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.;Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas 7053, Australia.;Blue Econ Cooperat Res Ctr, POB 897, Launceston, Tas 7250, Australia..
    Conceptualisation of multiple impacts interacting in the marine environment using marine infrastructure as an example2022In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 830, article id 154748Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The human population is increasingly reliant on the marine environment for food, trade, tourism, transport, communication and other vital ecosystem services. These services require extensive marine infrastructure, all of which have direct or indirect ecological impacts on marine environments. The rise in global marine infrastructure has led to light, noise and chemical pollution, as well as facilitation of biological invasions. As a result, marine systems and associated species are under increased pressure from habitat loss and degradation, formation of ecological traps and increased mortality, all of which can lead to reduced resilience and consequently increased invasive species establishment. Whereas the cumulative bearings of collective human impacts on marine populations have previously been demonstrated, the multiple impacts associated with marine infrastructure have not been well explored. Here, building on ecological literature, we explore the impacts that are associated with marine infrastructure, conceptualising the notion of correlative, interactive and cumulative effects of anthropogenic activities on the marine environment. By reviewing the range of mitigation approaches that are currently available, we consider the role that eco-engineering, marine spatial planning and agent-based modelling plays in complementing the design and placement of marine structures to incorporate the existing connectivity pathways, ecological principles and complexity of the environment. Because the effect of human-induced, rapid environmental change is predicted to increase in response to the growth of the human population, this study demonstrates that the development and implementation of legislative framework, innovative technologies and nature-informed solutions are vital, preventative measures to mitigate the multiple impacts associated with marine infrastructure.

  • 45.
    Kopacek, Jiri
    et al.
    Biol Ctr CAS, Inst Hydrobiol, Sadkach 7, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic..
    Hejzlar, Josef
    Biol Ctr CAS, Inst Hydrobiol, Sadkach 7, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic..
    Oulehle, Filip
    Biol Ctr CAS, Inst Hydrobiol, Sadkach 7, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic.;Czech Geol Survey, Klarov 3, Prague 11821, Czech Republic..
    Porcal, Petr
    Biol Ctr CAS, Inst Hydrobiol, Sadkach 7, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic..
    Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology.
    Norton, Stephen A.
    Univ Maine, Sch Earth & Climate Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA..
    Disruptions and re-establishment of the calcium-bicarbonate equilibrium in freshwaters2020In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 743, article id 140626Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During recent decades, increasing anthropogenic activities have affected natural ionic composition, including the strongest and most common relationship between ionic concentrations in the majority of natural global freshwaters, i.e., the Ca2+-ANC (acid neutralizing capacity) equilibrium. Using long-term monitoring data and MAGIC modelling, we evaluated effects of major present environmental stressors (synthetic fertilizers, liming, acidic deposition, forest disturbances, and climate change) on the Ca2+-ANC equilibrium. We evaluated the effects for three different types of terrestrial ecosystems, a circumneutral lowland agricultural catchment, two acid sensitive mountain forest catchments differing in forest health, and one acid sensitive alpine catchment. All catchments are in a region with the world-largest changes in fertilizing rates and acidic deposition in the 20th century, with increasing impacts until the late 1980s, and their subsequent abrupt, dramatic decreases. These strong changes resulted in a substantial disruption, followed by continuing re-establishment of the Ca2+-ANC relationship in all study waters. The shape of the disruption and the following re-establishment of its new value were dependent on the intensity, duration, and combination of stressors, as well as on catchment characteristics (bedrock composition, soil amount and composition, vegetation status, and hydrology). We conclude that a new equilibrium may deviate from its natural value due to the (1) legacy of fertilizing, acidic deposition and liming, affecting the soil Ca(2+ )pools, (2) forest disturbances and management practices, and (3) climate change. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 46.
    Kothawala, Dolly N.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology.
    von Wachenfeldt, Eddie
    Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
    Koehler, Birgit
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology.
    Tranvik, Lars J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology.
    Selective loss and preservation of lake water dissolved organic matter fluorescenceduring long-term dark incubations2012In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 433, p. 238-246Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The biogeochemical processing of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in inland waters is inherently related to its molecular structure and ecological function. Controlled bioassays are a valuable tool to analyze these relationships, but are seldom conducted and compared at temporal scales that typically prevail in natural inland waters. Here we incubated water from six boreal lakes in the dark and examined changes to the initial fluorescence and absorbance after 3.5 years. We identified five fluorescence components with parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis (CC, CM, CA, CX and CT) and found a consistent change in the relative intensity of two dominant PARAFAC components (increase in CA:CC, corresponding to Peak A:Peak C), commonly found in lake water, that represent terrestrially-derived DOM. Surprisingly, we only found minor changes to specific absorbance (SUVA), and did not find any changes to other spectral indexes including the fluorescence index, humification index and freshness index. By incorporating lakes spanning a wide range of initial total organic carbon concentrations (3.7 to 32.5 mg L− 1), water residence times, and spectral characteristics (e.g. SUVA 1.13 to 3.77 L·mg C− 1·m− 1), we found that the relative intensities of two humic-like peaks were the most revealing of changes to DOM structure during dark incubations. We also verified that inner filter effects were adequately corrected within the concentration range of incubated samples. Thus, the processing of DOM under dark conditions, including microbial decomposition and flocculation, may have a greater influence on the humic-like peaks, particularly CC (Peak C), with negligible changes to more commonly used spectral indexes.

     

  • 47.
    Kourtit, Karima
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social and Economic Geography. JADS, Sint Janssingel 92, NL-5211 DA sHertogenbosch, Netherlands;Alexandru Loan Univ, Iasi, Romania;Polytecn Univ, Benguerir, Morocco;KTH Royal Inst Technol, CFP, Stockholm, Sweden;Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Poznan, Poland.
    Nijkamp, Peter
    JADS, Sint Janssingel 92, NL-5211 DA sHertogenbosch, Netherlands;Alexandru Loan Univ, Iasi, Romania;Polytecn Univ, Benguerir, Morocco;Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Poznan, Poland;Tinbergen Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Suzuki, Soushi
    Hokkai Gakuen Univ, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
    Are global cities sustainability champions?: A double delinking analysis of environmental performance of urban agglomerations2020In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 709, article id 134963Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Urban agglomerations - irrespective of their size or location - may act not only as engines of economic growth, but also as vehicles of environmental and climate sustainability that may stimulate both socioeconomic achievements and environmentally-benign outcomes. Clearly, the efficiency of these outcomes may differ for different types of urban agglomeration in the world. This paper aims to present and test an advanced methodology for assessing economic and sustainability-oriented performance strategies for global cities, by developing and applying a super-efficient Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model. We compare 40 global cities - included in the Global Power City Index (GPCI) database - in a benchmark study in order to trace the highest-performing urban regions from both an economic and environmental-climatological efficiency perspective, by applying relevant quantitative GPCI indicators to these 40 cities. Our ultimate goal is to test what is termed the 'delinking' hypothesis, from the viewpoint of both economic prosperity and urban size externalities. This approach will be applied empirically by examining the GPCI data set comprised of various multidimensional and empirically verified indicators on economic performance and climatological-environmental conditions for the 40 global cities concerned. We regard both the size of these agglomerations and their economic welfare position as critical parameters for assessing their economic and environmental efficiency performance. In the framework of our original DEA approach, these urban areas are categorised according to 2x2 dimensions, viz. in terms of both agglomeration size (big or medium-sized) and the economic development level of the area (highly developed or developing/emerging). Our contribution serves to assess - by means of regression techniques - the highest performing agglomerations among the urban sustainability champions on the basis of the two above-mentioned assessment criteria. This approach provides the opportunity to test the so-called Kuznets sustainability curve under two different conditions, viz. agglomeration size and economic development. The study presents and interprets the empirical findings for these four classes of global cities. 

  • 48.
    Lehoux, Alizée
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development.
    Isidorova, Anastasija
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology.
    Collin, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development.
    Koestel, John
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Soil & Environm, Box 7014, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.;Forschungsanstalt Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland..
    Snowball, Ian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development.
    Dahlberg, Anna-Karin
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Box 7050, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Extreme gas production in anthropogenic fibrous sediments: An overlooked biogenic source of greenhouse gas emissions2021In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 781, article id 146772Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Fibrous sediments that originated from old pulp and paper industry emissions are recognized as a potential threat to the aquatic environment because they are highly contaminated. In addition, biogenic degradation of the organic material from so-called "fiberbanks" has a high potential to produce greenhouse gases (GHG). In this study, X-ray tomography, optical sensors and gas analyzers were used to identify and quantify the gas produced and released from samples of two different fiberbanks. We show that a finer fibrous structure allows the formation of larger gas bubbles and higher gas production rates compared to coarser material composed of wood pieces. High contents of methane (average 56% to 65%) and carbon dioxide (average 18% to 20%) were measured in the gas emitted from both types of fiberbank. Measured methane production rates from the fiberbanks samples are one to three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported rates from sediments within the studied temperature range (between 0.03 and 0.51 mu m CH4/h/g dw over 4.7 to 20 degrees C). The potential for methane and carbon dioxide production in the fiberbank volume likely present in Sweden is estimated to correspond to 7% of Sweden's total known GHG emissions for 2019. These findings show that fiberbanks have the potential to be a significant emitter of GHG.

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  • 49. Lehto, Jukka
    et al.
    Raty, Tero
    Hou, Xiaolin
    Paatero, Jussi
    Aldahan, Ala
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, LUVAL.
    Possnert, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, För teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten gemensamma enheter, Tandem Laboratory.
    Flinkman, Juha
    Kankaanpaa, Harri
    Speciation of I-129 in sea, lake and rain waters2012In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 419, p. 60-67Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Concentrations of the very long-lived fission product I-129 and stable iodine (I-127) in the Baltic Sea and lake and rain waters from Finland, were measured as well as their occurrence as iodide (I-) and iodate (IO3-). The highest concentrations of both I-127 and I-129 occurred in sea water, on average 11.1 +/- 4.3 mu g/l and 3.9 +/- 4.1 x 10(-9) at/l. In rain and lake waters the concentration of I-129 was more or less identical and almost one order of magnitude lower than in sea water. Based on these observations, and data from the literature, it is assumed that the source of I-129 in lakes is precipitation and the major source in the Baltic Sea is the inflow of sea water from the North Sea through the Danish Straits. The concentration of I-129 in the Baltic Sea has increased by a factor of six during ten years from 1999. In all studied water types the main chemical form of both iodine isotopes was iodide; in sea and lake waters by 92-96% and in rain water by 75-88%. Compared to I-127 the fraction of iodide was slightly higher in case of I-129 in all waters.

  • 50.
    Lim, Fang-Lee
    et al.
    Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Upm Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Hashim, Zailina
    Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Upm Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Said, Salmiah Md
    Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Community Hlth, Upm Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Than, Leslie Thian-Lung
    Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Med Microbiol & Parasitol, Upm Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia..
    Hashim, Jamal Hisham
    UKM Med Ctr, UNU IIGH, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.;Natl Univ Malaysia, UKM, Dept Community Hlth, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia..
    Norbäck, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) among office workers in a Malaysian university - Associations with atopy, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and the office environment2015In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 536, p. 353-361Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There are few studies on sick building syndrome (SBS) including clinical measurements for atopy and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Our aim was to study associations between SBS symptoms, selected personal factors, office characteristics and indoor office exposures among office workers from a university in Malaysia. Health data were collected by a questionnaire (n = 695), skin prick test (SPT) (n = 463) and FeNO test (n = 460). Office settled dust was vacuumed and analyzed for endotoxin, (1,3)-beta-glucan and house dust mites (HDM) allergens group 1 namely Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p 1) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f 1). Office indoor temperature, relative air humidity (RH), carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were measured by a direct reading instrument. Associations were studied by two-levelsmultiple logistic regression with mutual adjustment and stratified analysis. The prevalence of weekly dermal, mucosal and general symptoms was 11.9%, 16.0% and 23.0% respectively. A combination of SPT positivity (allergy to HDM or cat) and high FeNO level (>= 25 ppb) was associated with dermal (p = 0.002), mucosal (p <0.001) and general symptoms (p = 0.05). Der f1 level in dust was associated with dermal (p < 0.001), mucosal (p < 0.001) and general (p = 0.02) symptoms. Among those with allergy to D. farinae, associations were found between Der f 1 levels in dust and dermal (p = 0.003), mucosal (p = 0.001) and general symptoms (p = 0.007). Office-related symptoms were associated with Der f 1 levels in dust (p = 0.02), low relative air humidity (p = 0.04) and high office temperature (p = 0.05). In conclusion, a combination of allergy to cat or HDM and high FeNO is a risk factor for SBS symptoms. Der f 1 allergen in dust can be a risk factor for SBS in the office environment, particularly among those sensitized to Der f 1 allergen.

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