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  • 1.
    Ahlqvist, Kerstin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Bjelland, Elisabeth Krefting
    Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway.Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo Norway;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Akershus University Hospital Lorenskog Norway.
    Pingel, Ronnie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Statistics.
    Schlager, Angela
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Peterson, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Olsson, Christina B.
    Academic Primary Healthcare Center Stockholm County Council Huddinge Sweden, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden.
    Nilsson‐Wikmar, Lena
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden.
    Kristiansson, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Generalized joint hypermobility and the risk of pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain: Is body mass index of importance?—A prospective cohort study2023In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 102, no 10, p. 1259-1268Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) affects approximately 50% of pregnant women. The mechanisms are multifactorial but not fully understood. Women with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) may be vulnerable to load in the pelvic joints during pregnancy. Our aim was to investigate if women with GJH had an increased risk of PGP and higher pain intensity during and after pregnancy, compared with women with normal joint mobility. We also studied if body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy influenced that risk.

    Material and methods: A prospective cohort study of 356 women, whose data were collected by self-reports and clinical examinations in early and in late pregnancy and 9 months after childbirth. GJH was present with ≥5/9 points on the Beighton score. PGP was defined by a pain drawing and ≥1 positive test. Pain intensity was measured with a visual analogue scale (0-100 mm). We adjusted for age and origin in logistic regression and ordinal logistic regression analysis.

    Results: In early pregnancy, 47.1% of the women with GJH had PGP vs 32.6% of women with normal joint mobility (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.86-3.62) and had higher odds of reporting higher pain intensity (aOR 2.04; 95% CI 1.02-4.07). The odds of PGP were highest for women with GJH and BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (aOR 6.88; 95% CI 1.34-35.27) compared with women with normal joint mobility and BMI <25 kg/m2 . The estimated associations were weaker and not statistically significant in late pregnancy or after childbirth.

    Conclusions: Women with GJH did not have an increased risk of PGP during or after pregnancy but reported higher pain intensity in early pregnancy compared with women with normal joint mobility. Since women with combined GJH and BMI ≥25 kg/m2 had the highest odds of PGP in early pregnancy, our results may suggest that health care needs to pay attention to and develop methods to reduce the risk of PGP and delay the onset of pain during pregnancy in women with this combination.Keywords: Uppsala pelvic pain study; body mass index; generalized joint hypermobility; pelvic girdle pain; pregnancy.

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  • 2.
    Akhter, Tansim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Naessen, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Changes in the Artery Wall Layer Dimensions in Women with Preeclampsia: an investigation using non-invasive high frequency ultrasound2012In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 91, no S159, p. 28-28Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease later in life. Whether, the artery wall layer dimensions differ between PE and normal pregnancy is unclear. The aim of this study was to estimate if women with PE have different common carotid artery wall layer dimensions than women with normal pregnancy, both during pregnancy and about one year postpartum.

    Methods:

    By using high-frequency (22MHz) ultrasound (Collagenoson, Meudt, Germany) separate estimates of the common carotid artery intima and media layers were obtained and the I/M ratio was calculated in women with PE (n=55 during pregnancy and n=48 at postpartum) and with normal pregnancy (n=65 during pregnancy and n=59 at postpartum). Thick intima, thin media and a high intima/media ratio are signs of less healthy artery wall and vice versa.

    Results:

    In women with PE, the intima was thicker (0.18 } 0.03 vs. 0.11 } 0.02; p < .001), the media was thinner (0.47 } 0.12 vs. 0.55 } 0.14; p = .001) and the I/M ratio was higher (0.41 } 0.14 vs. 0.20 } 0.05; p < .001) compared to women with normal pregnancy. Further, for changes from pregnancy to postpartum, both for PE and normal pregnancy, the intima and the I/M ratio had improved but still significantly higher in women with PE than in women with normal pregnancy.

    Conclusion:

    In women with PE, we found a thicker intima, thinner media and a higher I/M ratio compared to women with normal pregnancy, indicating a more negatively affected artery wall layer dimensions. Persisting negative effects of PE on artery wall at postpartum, despite improvement of artery wall layers compared to values during pregnancy, indicates a permanent damage of the vascular system in this group of women.

  • 3.
    Algård, Teresa
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Kalliokoski, Paul
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Ahlqvist, Kerstin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Schlager, Angela
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Kristiansson, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Role of depressive symptoms on the development of pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy: A prospective inception cohort study2023In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 4.
    Algård, Teresa
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Kalliokoski, Paul
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Ahlqvist, Kerstin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Schlager, Angela
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Kristiansson, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Role of depressive symptoms on the development of pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy: A prospective inception cohort study.2023In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 102, no 10, p. 1281-1289Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: Pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy is a major public health concern. For too many women, the pain condition causes disability and sick leave, has a negative impact on daily life, and breeds doubt in their view as mother, partner, and worker. The pathophysiology is unknown and causal treatment is lacking. Depression in pregnancy is common, undertreated, and previously associated with pelvic girdle pain with unclear causal direction.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective inception cohort study of 356 Swedish women examined them in early and late pregnancy. Women with a positive Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test in early pregnancy were not included. The exposure, depressive symptoms in early pregnancy, was self-reported on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, depression part (0-21). Outcome measure in late pregnancy was a graded score on the Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test (0-8). Covariates for statistical adjustment were identified in a directed acyclic graph. Linear robust and logistic regression were used in the statistical analyses.

    RESULTS: In early pregnancy, the 248 women with negative Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test had a mean score of 2.35 (± 2.3 standard deviation) on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, depression part. In a fully adjusted, multiple robust regression model a positive association was shown between Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score, depression part, and the Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test score in late pregnancy with an estimated effect of β = 0.32 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16-0.48, p < 0.001). Dichotomization of exposure (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, depression part <8/≥8) and outcome (Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test score 0/>0) rendered adjusted odds ratio 1.71 (95% CI 0.38-7.7) and numbers needed to treat adjusted odds ratio 5.54 (95% CI -3.4-14.5).

    CONCLUSIONS: Depressive symptoms in early pregnancy were associated with the development and intensity of pelvic girdle pain in late pregnancy. Considering the small sample size, screening and treatment for depressive symptoms in early pregnancy may enable a way to reduce and prevent disabling pelvic girdle pain in late pregnancy. Trials are needed to confirm the results.

  • 5.
    Alkmark, Mårten
    et al.
    Univ Gothenburg, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden; Reg Västra Götaland, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Carlsson, Ylva
    Univ Gothenburg, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden; Reg Västra Götaland, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Brismar Wendel, Sophia
    Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Elden, Helen
    Reg Västra Götaland, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden; Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Hlth & Care Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Fadl, Helena
    Örebro Univ, Fac Med & Hlth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Örebro, Sweden.
    Jonsson, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics.
    Ladfors, Lars
    Univ Gothenburg, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden; Reg Västra Götaland, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Saltvedt, Sissel
    Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Sengpiel, Verena
    Univ Gothenburg, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden; Reg Västra Götaland, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Wessberg, Anna
    Reg Västra Götaland, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics.
    Hagberg, Henrik
    Univ Gothenburg, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden; Reg Västra Götaland, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Wennerholm, Ulla-Britt
    Univ Gothenburg, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden; Reg Västra Götaland, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Efficacy and safety of oral misoprostol versus transvaginal balloon catheter for labor induction: An observational study within the SWEdish Postterm Induction Study (SWEPIS)2021In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 100, no 8, p. 1463-1477Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction

    Induction of labor is increasing. A common indication for induction of labor is late term and postterm pregnancy at 41 weeks or more. We aimed to evaluate if there are any differences regarding efficacy, safety, and women's childbirth experience between oral misoprostol and transvaginal balloon catheter for cervical ripening in women with a low-risk singleton pregnancy and induction of labor at 41+0 to 42+0 to 1 weeks of gestation.

    Material and methods

    In this observational study, based on data from the Swedish Postterm Induction Study (SWEPIS), a multicenter randomized controlled trial, a total of 1213 women with a low-risk singleton pregnancy at 41 to 42 weeks of gestation were induced with oral misoprostol (n = 744) or transvaginal balloon catheter (n = 469) at 15 Swedish delivery hospitals. The primary efficacy outcome was vaginal delivery within 24 h and primary safety outcomes were neonatal and maternal composite adverse outcomes. Secondary outcomes included time to vaginal delivery and mode of delivery. Women's childbirth experience was assessed with the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ 2.0) and visual analog scale. We present crude and adjusted mean differences and relative risks (RR) with 95% CI. Adjustment was performed for a propensity score based on delivery hospital and baseline characteristics including Bishop score.

    Results

    Vaginal delivery within 24 h was significantly lower in the misoprostol group compared with the balloon catheter group (46.5% [346/744] vs 62.7% [294/469]; adjusted RR 0.76 95% CI 0.640.89]). Primary neonatal and maternal safety outcomes did not differ between groups (neonatal composite 3.5% [36/744] vs 3.2% [15/469]; adjusted RR 0.77 [95% CI 0.31–1.89]; maternal composite 2.3% [17/744] vs 1.9% [9/469]; adjusted RR 1.70 [95% CI 0.58–4.97]). Adjusted mean time to vaginal delivery was increased by 3.8 h (95% CI 1.3–6.2 h) in the misoprostol group. Non-operative vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery rates did not differ. Women's childbirth experience was positive overall and similar in both groups.

    Conclusions

    Induction of labor with oral misoprostol compared with a transvaginal balloon catheter was associated with a lower probability of vaginal delivery within 24 h and a longer time to vaginal delivery. However, primary safety outcomes, non-operative vaginal delivery, and women's childbirth experience were similar in both groups. Therefore, both methods can be recommended in women with low-risk postdate pregnancies.

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  • 6.
    Amini, Hashem
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Antonsson, Per
    Papadogiannakis, Nikos
    Ericson, Katharina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Pilo, Christina
    Eriksson, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Westgren, Magnus
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Comparison of ultrasound and autopsy findings in pregnancies terminated due to fetal anomalies2006In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 85, no 10, p. 1208-1216Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. To compare antenatal diagnoses with autopsy findings in pregnancies terminated after ultrasound detection of fetal anomalies. A second aim was to study the quality of antenatal fetal diagnosis over time. Design. Retrospective, multicenter study over two consecutive six-year periods in Uppsala and Stockholm. Setting. Cases were identified through fetal autopsy reports. Subjects. Three hundred and twenty-eight fetuses from pregnancies terminated between 1992 and 2003 because of ultrasonographically diagnosed anomalies. Main outcome measures. The findings at the last ultrasound examination were compared with the autopsy reports. Results. In 299 cases (91.2%) ultrasound findings either exactly matched or were essentially similar to the autopsy findings. In 23 cases (7%) ultrasound findings were not confirmed at autopsy, but the postnatal findings were at least as severe as the antenatal ones. In six cases (1.8%) termination was performed for an anomaly which proved to be less severe than was predicted by ultrasound. The number of such cases was the same in both six-year periods, while the total number of cases increased from 113 in the first to 215 in the second period. Fetal examination provided further diagnostic information in 47% of the cases. In 10% a syndrome was disclosed. Conclusion. Termination of pregnancy was not always based on a correct antenatal diagnosis. All fetuses but one from terminated pregnancies had evident anomalies. In six cases (1.8%) the decision to terminate was based on suboptimal prognostic and diagnostic information. Fetal autopsy by an experienced perinatal pathologist is essential to provide a definitive diagnosis.

  • 7.
    Amini, Hashem
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Ollars, Birgitta
    Swedish Birth Defects Registry, National Board of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Annerén, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    The Swedish Birth Defects Registry: ascertainment and incidence of spina bifida and cleft lip/palate2009In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 88, no 6, p. 654-659Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: To assess the ascertainment of spina bifida and cleft lip/palate (CLP) in newborns and in fetuses from terminated pregnancies (ToPs) in the Swedish Birth Defects Registry (BDR) and to estimate the true incidences of these two anomalies. DESIGN: Retrospective register study. SETTING: Center for Epidemiology at the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, and Uppsala University Hospital. POPULATION: Newborns and fetuses from ToPs with spina bifida (1999-2004) and CLP (1999-2002) in Sweden. METHODS: Data from four registries/sources were used to estimate ascertainment in BDR and incidences of spina bifida and CLP. Main outcome measure: Ascertainment, under-ascertainment, and true incidence. RESULTS: For newborns, under-ascertainment of spina bifida and CLP were 6 and 13%, respectively, in BDR after record linkage with the Medical Birth Registry. Ascertainment of cleft palate increased when accompanied by cleft lip. The under-ascertainment of spina bifida in ToPs after 18 gestational weeks was 27%. Ascertainment of CLP in all ToPs and of spina bifida in ToPs before the 18th gestational week could not be estimated. The majority (109/155, 70%) of ToPs with spina bifida occurred before the 18th week. The estimated incidence of spina bifida per 10,000 births was 6.1 (2.4 newborns and 3.7 ToPs) and of CLP 20.1 (18.9 newborns and 1.2 ToPs). CONCLUSION: The ascertainments are relatively high for newborns in BDR, but lower or unknown for ToPs, which has an impact on the surveillance of spina bifida in view of the high proportion of ToPs.

  • 8.
    Amini, Hashem
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Raiend, Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Radiology.
    Wikström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Radiology.
    The Clinical Impact of Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Management of CNS Anomalies in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy2010In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 89, no 12, p. 20p. 1571-1581Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: To evaluate the additional information of second trimester magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to ultrasound in fetuses with identified or suspected CNS anomalies and to study the clinical impact of the information on pregnancy management.

    Design: Prospective study during 2004-2007. The fetal MRI examination was planned to be performed within three days after the ultrasound.

    Setting: Uppsala University hospital.    

    Subjects: Twenty-nine pregnant women where second trimester ultrasound identified or suspected fetal CNS anomalies.

    Main outcome measures: Evaluation of the additional information gained from MRI and the consequence it had on pregnancy management.

    Results: The mean interval between ultrasound and MRI was 1.6 days (range 0 –7). In 18 fetuses (62 %)  MRI verified the ultrasound diagnosis but provided no additional information, while in 8 (28 %) MRI gave additional information without changing the management. In 3 (10 %), MRI provided additional information that changed the management of the pregnancy. Two of these women were obese.

    Conclusions: Fetal MRI in the second trimester might be a clinically valuable adjunct to ultrasound for the evaluation of CNS anomalies, especially when ultrasound is inconclusive due to maternal obesity.

     

  • 9.
    Amini, Hashem
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Wikström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Ahlström, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Second trimester fetal magnetic resonance imaging improves diagnosis of non-central nervous system anomalies2011In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 90, no 4, p. 380-389Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives. To evaluate the additional information of second trimester magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to ultrasound in fetuses with identified or suspected non-CNS anomalies and to study the clinical impact of the MRI information on pregnancy management. Design. Prospective study during 2003-2007. The fetal MRI examination was planned to be performed within three days after the ultrasound. Setting. Uppsala University hospital. Material and methods. Sixty-three women, where the second trimester ultrasound identified or raised suspicion of fetal anomalies were included. Ultrasound was compared to MRI in relation to the final diagnosis, which was based on the assessment of all available data including post-partum clinical follow-up and autopsy results. Main outcome measures. Evaluation of the additional information gained from MRI and the consequences it had on pregnancy management. Results. The mean interval between ultrasound and MRI was 2.6 days (range 0-15). In 42 (67%) cases MRI was performed within three days. All MRI examinations were assessable. In 43 (68%) fetuses MRI provided no additional information, in 17 (27%) MRI added information without changing the management and in three (5%) MRI provided additional information which changed the management. All these three cases had oligohydramnios. In all six cases of diaphragmatic hernia MRI provided additional information. Conclusions. Fetal MRI of non-CNS anomalies in the second trimester seems to be a valuable adjunct to ultrasound diagnosis of non-CNS anomalies, especially in cases of oligohydramnios and diaphragmatic hernia.

  • 10. Andersson, Liselott
    et al.
    Sundström-Poromaa, Inger
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Wulff, Marianne
    Åström, Monica
    Bixo, Marie
    Depression and anxiety during pregnancy and six months postpartum: a follow-up study2006In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 85, no 8, p. 937-944Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims. To investigate the relationship between antenatal and postpartum depression and anxiety and to explore associated maternal characteristics. Methods. From a population-based sample of 1,555 women attending two obstetric clinics in Sweden, all women with an antenatal psychiatric diagnosis (n = 220) and a random selection of healthy women (n = 500) were contacted for a second assessment three to six months postpartum. The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders was used for evaluation on both occasions. Results. Fewer cases of depressive and/or anxiety disorders were prevalent postpartum compared with the second trimester screening. Depression and/or anxiety were prevalent in 16.5% of postpartal women versus 29.2% of pregnant women. There was a significant shift from a majority of subthreshold diagnoses during pregnancy to full Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) diagnoses during the postpartum period. A history of previous psychiatric disorder, living single, and obesity were significantly associated with a new-onset postpartum psychiatric disorder. The absence of a previous psychiatric disorder was significantly associated with a postpartum recovery of depression or anxiety. Conclusions. Depression and anxiety appear to be less common postpartum than during pregnancy.

  • 11.
    Andersson, Ola
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Hellström-Westas, Lena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Andersson, Dan
    Clausen, Jesper
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Effects of delayed compared with early umbilical cord clamping on maternal postpartum hemorrhage and cord blood gas sampling: a randomized trial2013In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 92, no 5, p. 567-574Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective

    To investigate the effect of delayed cord clamping (DCC) compared with early cord clamping (ECC) on maternal postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and umbilical cord blood gas sampling.

    Design

    Secondary analysis of a parallel-group, single-center, randomized controlled trial.

    Setting

    Swedish county hospital.

    Population

    382 term deliveries after a low-risk pregnancy.

    Methods

    Deliveries were randomized to DCC (≥180 seconds, n = 193) or ECC (≤10 seconds, n = 189). Maternal blood loss was estimated by the midwife. Samples for blood gas analysis were taken from one umbilical artery and the umbilical vein, from the pulsating unclamped cord in the DCC group and from the double-clamped cord in the ECC group. Samples were classified as valid when the arterial-venous difference was -0.02 or less for pH and 0.5 kPa or more for pCO2.

    Main outcome measures

    PPH and proportion of valid blood gas samples.

    Results

    The differences between the DCC and ECC groups with regard to PPH (1.2%, p = 0.8) and severe PPH (-2.7%, p = 0.3) were small and non-significant. The proportion of valid blood gas samples was similar between the DCC (67%, n = 130) and ECC (74%, n = 139) groups, with 6% (95% confidence interval: -4%-16%, p = 0.2) fewer valid samples after DCC.

    Conclusions

    Delayed cord clamping, compared with early, did not have a significant effect on maternal postpartum hemorrhage or on the proportion of valid blood gas samples. We conclude that delayed cord clamping is a feasible method from an obstetric perspective.

  • 12. Andrae, B.
    et al.
    Eriksson, L. G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Radiology.
    Skoog, G.
    Anti-shock trousers (MAST) and transcatheter embolization in the management of massive obstetrics hemorrhage: A report of two cases1999In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 78, no 8, p. 740-741Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 13.
    Ankarcrona, Victoria
    et al.
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Altman, Daniel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Jacobsson, Bo
    Univ Gothenburg, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden;Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Genet & Bioinformat, Domain Hlth Data & Digitalizat, Oslo, Norway.
    Wendel, Sophia Brismar
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden;Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Clin Epidemiol Div, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Delivery outcome after trial of labor in nulliparous women 40 years or older-A nationwide population-based study2019In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 98, no 9, p. 1195-1203Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction The number of women postponing childbirth until an advanced age is increasing. Our aim was to study the outcome of labor in nulliparous women >= 40 years, compared with women 25-29 years, after both spontaneous onset and induction of labor. Material and methods The nationwide population-based Swedish Medical Birth Register was used to study the perinatal outcome in nulliparous women with a singleton, term (gestational weeks 37-44), live fetus in cephalic presentation and a planned vaginal delivery from 1992 to 2011. We included 7796 nulliparous women >= 40 years and 264 262 nulliparous women 25-29 years. Prevalence and risk of intrapartum cesarean section, operative vaginal delivery, obstetric anal sphincter injury and a 5-minute Apgar score <7 were calculated for women >= 40 years stratified for spontaneous onset and induction of labor, using women 25-29 years as the reference in both strata. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated by unconditional logistic regression and presented with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Overall, 79% of women >= 40 years with a trial of labor reached a vaginal delivery. After spontaneous onset, intrapartum cesarean section was performed in 15.4% of women >= 40 years compared with 5.4% of women 25-29 years (aOR 3.07, 95% CI 2.81-3.35). Operative vaginal delivery was performed in 22.3% of women >= 40 years compared with 14.2% of women 25-29 years (aOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.59-1.85). After induction of labor, an intrapartum cesarean section was performed in 37.2% women >= 40 years compared with 20.2% women 25-29 years (aOR 2.51, 95% CI 2.24-2.81). Operative vaginal delivery was performed in 22.6% of women >= 40 years compared with 18.4% women 25-29 years (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.28-1.65). The risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury or a 5-minute Apgar score <7 was not increased in women >= 40 years, regardless of onset of labor. Conclusions Trial of labor ended in vaginal delivery in 79% of nulliparous women >= 40 years. The risks of intrapartum cesarean section and operative vaginal delivery were higher in women >= 40 years compared with women 25-29 years, after both spontaneous onset and induction of labor. The risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury or a 5-minute Apgar score <7 was not increased.

  • 14.
    Armuand, Gabriela
    et al.
    Linkoping Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Skoog Svanberg, Agneta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive Health.
    Bladh, Marie
    Linkoping Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Sydsjö, Gunilla
    Linkoping Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Adverse obstetric outcomes among female childhood and adolescent cancer survivors in Sweden: A population-based matched cohort study2019In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 98, no 12, p. 1603-1611Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Cancer treatment during childhood may lead to late adverse effects, such as reduced musculoskeletal development or vascular, endocrine and pulmonary dysfunction, which in turn may have an adverse effect on later pregnancy and childbirth. The aim of the present study was to investigate pregnancy and obstetric outcomes as well as the offspring's health among childhood and adolescent female cancer survivors.

    Material and methods: This register-based study included all women born between 1973 and 1977 diagnosed with cancer in childhood or adolescence (age <21), as well as an age-matched comparison group. A total of 278 female cancer survivors with their first childbirth were included in the study, together with 829 age-matched individuals from the general population. Logistic regression and analysis of variance were used to investigate associations between having been treated for cancer and the outcome variables, adjusting for maternal age, nicotine use and comorbidity.

    Results: Survivors were more likely to have preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.58 to 7.56), undergo induction of labor (aOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.62), suffer labor dystocia (primary labor dystocia aOR 3.54, 95% CI 1.51 to 8.34 and secondary labor dystocia aOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.37 to 4.31), malpresentation of fetus (aOR 2.02, 95% CI 1.12 to 3.65) and imminent fetal asphyxia (aOR 2.55, 95% CI 1.49 to 4.39). In addition, deliveries among survivors were more likely to end with vacuum extraction (aOR 2.53, 95% CI 1.44 to 4.47), with higher risk of clitoral lacerations (aOR 2.18, 95% CI 1.47 to 3.23) and anal sphincter injury (aOR 2.76, 95% CI 1.14 to 6.70) and emergency cesarean section (aOR 2.34 95% CI 1.39 to 3.95). Survivors used pain-reliving methods to a higher extent compared with the comparison group. There was no increased risk of neonate diagnoses and malformations. The results showed that survivors who had been diagnosed with cancer when they were younger than 14 had an increased risk of adverse obstetric outcomes.

    Conclusions: The study demonstrates increased risk of pregnancy and childbirth complications among childhood and adolescent cancer survivors. There is a need to optimize perinatal care, especially among survivors who were younger than 14 at time of diagnosis.

  • 15.
    Arnadottir, Ragnheidur
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Hudecova, Miriam
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Stavreus-Evers, Anneli
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Kunovac-Kallak, Theodora
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Poromaa, Inger Sundstrom
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Olovsson, Matts
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Steroid hormone receptor expression, proliferative activity and microvessel density in the endometrium of women with polycystic ovary syndrome2012In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 91, p. 64-64Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 16.
    Asp, Joline
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Bergman, Lina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinical Obstetrics.
    Lager, Susanne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinical Obstetrics.
    Hesselman, Susanne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinical Obstetrics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Center for Clinical Research Dalarna.
    Alcohol exposure prior to pregnancy-does hazardous consumption affect placenta- and inflammatory-mediated pregnancy outcomes? A Swedish population-based cohort study2022In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 101, no 12, p. 1386-1394Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is related to severe birth complications such as low birthweight, preterm birth and birth defects. During the last decade, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) has been used as a screening tool in Swedish maternal healthcare units to identify hazardous, pre-pregnancy alcohol use. However, evaluation of the screening with AUDIT, as well as adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes, has not been assessed at a national level.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a population-based cohort study of 530 458 births from 2013 to 2018 using demographic, reproductive and maternal health data from the Swedish Pregnancy Register. Self-reported alcohol consumption in the year before pregnancy, measured as AUDIT scores, was categorized into moderate (6-13 points) and high-risk (14-40 points) consumption, with low-risk (0-5 points) consumption as the reference group. Associations with pregnancy- and birth outcomes were explored with logistic regressions using generalized estimating equation models, adjusting for maternal and socioeconomic characteristics. Estimates are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

    RESULTS: High-risk and moderate pre-pregnancy alcohol consumption was associated with preeclampsia, preterm birth and birth of an infant small for gestational age (SGA), but these associations were nonsignificant after adjustments. Prior moderate-risk (aOR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17-1.42) and high-risk consumption (aOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.17-2.25) increased the likelihood of intrapartum and neonatal infections.

    CONCLUSIONS: Apart from identifying hazardous alcohol consumption prior to pregnancy and the offer of counseling, screening with the AUDIT in early pregnancy indicates a high risk of inflammatory-/placenta-mediated pregnancy and birth outcomes. For most outcomes, AUDIT was not an independent contributor when adjusting for confounding factors. Hazardous alcohol use prior to pregnancy was independently linked to intrapartum and neonatal infections; conditions associated with morbidity and long-term sequalae. These associations may be explained by alcohol-induced changes in the maternal or fetal immune system in early pregnancy or persistent alcohol intake during pregnancy, or may depend on unidentified confounding factors.

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  • 17.
    Axfors, Cathrine
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, University Hospital.
    Hellgren, Charlotte
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive Health.
    Volgsten, Helena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Skoog Svanberg, Agneta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive Health.
    Ekselius, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, University Hospital.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics.
    Ramklint, Mia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, University Hospital.
    Skalkidou, Alkistis
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Sundström-Poromaa, Inger
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive Health.
    Neuroticism is associated with higher antenatal care utilization in obstetric low-risk women2019In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 98, no 4, p. 470-478Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction

    Elevated neuroticism is associated with higher health care utilization in the general population. This study aimed to investigate the association between neuroticism and the use of publicly financed antenatal care in obstetric low‐risk women, taking predisposing and need factors for health care utilization into consideration.

    Material and methods

    Participants comprised 1052 obstetric low‐risk women (no chronic diseases or adverse pregnancy conditions) included in several obstetrics/gynecology studies in Uppsala, Sweden. Neuroticism was self‐rated on the Swedish universities Scales of Personality. Medical records of their first subsequent pregnancy were scanned for antenatal care use. Associations between antenatal care use and neuroticism were analyzed with logistic regression (binary outcomes) or negative binomial regression (count outcomes) comparing the 75th and 25th neuroticism percentiles. Depending on the Akaike information criterion the exposure was modeled as either linear or with restricted cubic splines. Analyses were adjusted for predisposing (sociodemographic and parity) and need factors (body mass index and psychiatric morbidity).

    Results

    After adjustment, women with higher neuroticism had more fetal ultrasounds (incidence rate ratio = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02‐1.16), more emergency visits to an obstetrician/gynecologist (incidence rate ratio = 1.22, 95% CI 1.03‐1.45) and were more likely to visit a fear‐of‐childbirth clinic (odds ratio = 2.71, 95% CI 1.71‐4.29). Moreover, they more often consulted midwives in specialized antenatal care facilities (significant J‐shaped association).

    Conclusions

    Neuroticism was associated with higher utilization of publicly financed antenatal care in obstetric low‐risk women, even after adjusting for predisposing and need factors. Future studies should address the benefits of interventions as a complement to routine antenatal care programs to reduce subclinical anxiety.

  • 18.
    Belachew, Johanna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Eurenius, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Mulic-Lutvica, Ajlana
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Three-dimensional ultrasound does not improve diagnosis of retained placental tissue compared to two-dimensional ultrasound2015In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 94, no 1, p. 112-116Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The study objective was to improve ultrasonic diagnosis of retained placental tissue by measuring the volume of the uterine body and cavity using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound. Twenty-five women who were to undergo surgical curettage due to suspected retained placental tissue were included. The volume of the uterine body and cavity was measured using the VOCAL imaging program. Twenty-one women had retained placental tissue histologically verified. Three of these had uterine volumes exceeding the largest volume observed in the normal puerperium. Seventeen of the 21 women had a uterine cavity volume exceeding the largest volume observed in the normal puerperium. In all 14 cases examined 28 days or more after delivery the cavity volume exceeded the largest volume observed in the normal puerperium. A large cavity volume estimated with 3D ultrasound is indicative of retained placental tissue. However, 3D ultrasound adds little or no diagnostic power compared to 2D ultrasound.

  • 19.
    Belachew, Johanna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i D län (CKFD).
    Mulic-Lutvica, Ajlana
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Eurenius, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Longitudinal study of the uterine body and cavity with three-dimensional ultrasonography in the puerperium2012In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 91, no 10, p. 1184-1190Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective.

    To describe uterine involution in the puerperium with three-dimensional ultrasound.

    Design.

    Prospective, longitudinal study.

    Setting.

    Fetal medicine unit, department of obstetrics and gynecology, university referral hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.

    Population.

    Fifty women with uncomplicated deliveries and puerperium between February 2009 and February 2010.

    Methods.

    Three-dimensional ultrasound was used to measure the uterine body and cavity volumes. The volume data set was analysed using virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) with a 30 degree rotation step. Measurements were performed transabdominally on days 1, 7 and 14 and transvaginally on days 28 and 56 postpartum. Parity, gestational age, birthweight, smoking, breastfeeding and blood loss were recorded.

    Main outcome measures.

    Uterine body and cavity volumes. Results. Median uterine body volume was 756 cm3 on day 1, 440 cm3 on day 7, 253 cm3 on day 14, 125 cm3 on day 28 and 68 cm3 on day 56. Median cavity volume was 22 cm3 on day 1, 18 cm3 on day 7, 6 cm3 on day 14, 1 cm3 on day 28 and not measurable on day 56. The interindividual variation of uterine body and cavity volumes was most pronounced on day 1 and decreased throughout the observation period. Intrauterine content was found in 36% of the women on day 1, 95% on day 7, 87% on day 14 and 28% on day 28.

    Conclusions.

    Three-dimensional ultrasound is a non-invasive tool suitable for measurement of the uterine body and cavity volumes during the puerperium. The volumes decreased in a similar pattern in the study population.

  • 20.
    Bergendal, Annica
    et al.
    Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Odlind, Viveca
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Persson, Ingemar
    Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Kieler, Helle
    Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Limited knowledge on progestogen-only contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism2009In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 88, no 3, p. 261-266Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. To assess the current knowledge concerning progestogen-only contraception (POC) and risks of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Design and setting. Systematic review of the literature on observational and analytical studies reporting risk estimates for VTE in women exposed to POCs. Methods and main outcome measures. We performed a computerized literature search in the Pub Med, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between 1966 and February 13, 2008. Based on the evaluated studies we calculated an overall risk estimate for VTE in association with POC. Results. Four case-control studies and one cohort study were included. Of the case-control studies, three reported an increased risk and one a decreased risk of VTE. The cohort study found divergent results depending on the type of statistical analysis used. None of the results was statistically significant. The overall odds ratio for POC-associated VTE in the four case-control studies was 1.45 (95% CI=0.92-2.26). Conclusions. The risk of VTE associated with use of POCs is poorly investigated. The slightly elevated overall risk estimate might suggest an association between POC and an increased risk for VTE. The results must, however, be interpreted with caution due to the possibility of residual confounding. Well-designed studies with sufficient statistical power to evaluate risks of VTE with POC are warranted.

  • 21. Berglund, Anna
    et al.
    Lefevre-Cholay, Helene
    Bacci, Alberta
    Blyumina, Anna
    Lindmark, Gunilla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Successful implementation of evidence-based routines in Ukrainian maternities2010In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 89, no 2, p. 230-237Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. To describe the process of change and assess compliance and effect on maternal and infant outcome when the WHO package Effective Perinatal Care (EPC) was implemented at maternities in Ukraine. Design. Intervention study comparing outcomes before and during 2.5 years after training. Setting. Three maternities in Donetsk, Lutsk and Lviv 2003-2006. Population. Baseline data were collected for 652, 742 and 302 deliveries and 420, 381 and 135 infants, respectively, in Donetsk, Lutsk and Lviv. Follow-up data included 4,561, 9,865 and 7,227 deliveries and 3,829, 8,658 and 6,401 infants. Methods. Staff training on evidence-based guideline. Main outcome measures. Interventions during labor, maternal outcomes and hypothermia in the infants. Results: EPC procedures were successfully implemented and adherence to the protocols was excellent. For most variables, the change occurred during the first three months but was well sustained. The use of partogram increased fourfold in Donetsk and from 0% to 60% in Lviv. Induction and augmentation of labor decreased to less than 1% and less than 5%, respectively. Cesarean section rate dropped significantly in two of the maternities. The proportion of hypothermic infants decreased from 60% (Donetsk), 85% (Lutsk) and 77% (Lviv) to 1% in all three maternities during the first three months and was stable throughout the study period. Admission to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit decreased significantly in two of the maternities and there was no effect on early neonatal mortality. Conclusions: The process of education and change was well anchored in the organization, and implementation of new procedures was quick and successful.

  • 22.
    Berglund, Anna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Lindberg, Marianne
    Nyström, Lennarth
    Lindmark, Gunilla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Combining the perspectives of midwives and doctors improves risk assessment early pregnancy2007In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 86, no 2, p. 177-184Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Traditionally, risk identification in early pregnancy in Swedish antenatal care [ANC] is performed by the midwife at booking, and confirmed by the doctor at a routine visit in early pregnancy, but this extra visit has been questioned. This study compared the risk assessment by the two professions. Methods. In a cluster randomised trial, a planning conference, where midwives reported new mothers to a doctor, replaced the routine consultation with the doctor. Ten ANC-clinics with the new program (942 mothers) were compared to 10 clinics with standard care (758 mothers). Risk factors were registered independently by midwives and doctors. Degree of agreement in risk identification between midwives and doctors was estimated by the kappa coefficient. Results. The degree of agreement in risk registration was good for previous pregnancy complications (κ=0.62; CI: 0.55-0.68), and recommendations for doctor's consultation (κ=0.67; CI: 0.62-0.72); fair for social problems (κ=0.29; CI: 0.03-0.55), and poor for registration of symptoms and problems in index pregnancy (κ=0.09; CI: 0.03-0.21) and psychosocial aspects, such as anxiety (κ=0.09; CI: 0.03-0.21). Significantly more risk factors were registered in the study group. Conclusions: Replacing the routine consultation with the doctor early in pregnancy with a planning conference had no negative impact on risk identification. The results support that the different perspectives of the two professions in combination are important for the safety of surveillance and the psychosocial support expected from antenatal care.

  • 23.
    Bergman, Eva
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Kieler, Helle
    Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology (CPE), KArolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    Sonesson, Christian
    E Street Statistics Mölndal, Sweden.
    Petzold, Max
    Nordic School of Public Health, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Relative growth estimated from self-administered symphysis fundal measurements2011In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 90, no 2, p. 179-185Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. To establish absolute-and relative-growth reference curves for the detection of intrauterine growth restriction from weekly self-administered symphysis-fundus (SF) measurements and to assess the influence of fetal sex, maternal obesity and parity. Design. Prospective longitudinal study. Setting. Pregnant women from six primary antenatal care centres. Population. Three hundred women with singleton ultrasound dated pregnancies. Methods. Weekly self-administered SF measurements from gestational week 25 until delivery were obtained. A linear mixed longitudinal model was used to estimate the absolute SF growth using the natural logarithm (lnSF). Relative lnSF growth was calculated as the lnSF measurement in one gestational week subtracted by the lnSF measurement in the previous gestational week. The influence of fetal sex, maternal obesity and parity was assessed in regression models and by a graphical display. Main Outcome Measures. Absolute lnSF and relative lnSF growth curves and influence of fetal sex, maternal obesity and parity on these. Results. SF measurements from 191 women were used to establish an SF-growth reference. The absolute lnSF growth was influenced by maternal obesity, and for fetal sex and parity, borderline significance was recorded; while there was no evidence that the relative lnSF growth could depend on these variables. Conclusions. Weekly self-administered SF measurements can be obtained and used to estimate SF growth. Relative growth of the lnSF height seems to be independent of fetal sex, maternal obesity and parity.

  • 24.
    Bergman, Eva
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Petzold, Max
    Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg.
    Sonesson, Christian
    E Street Statistics, Mölndal.
    Kieler, Helle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Self-administered symphysis-fundus measurements analyzed with a novel statistical method for detection of intrauterine growth restriction: a clinical evaluation2011In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 90, no 8, p. 890-896Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. To assess the ability of self-administered symphysis fundus measurements used with the Shiryaev-Roberts statistical method (SR method) to identify growth-restricted (IUGR) fetuses and compare it with the traditional SF method (symphysis fundus measurements used with a population-based reference curve). Design. Longitudinal study. Setting. Pregnant women attending primary antenatal care centres. Population. From a population of 1 888 women with singleton ultrasound-dated pregnancies, we analyzed data from 1 122 women. Methods. Weekly self-administered SF measurements from gestational week 25 until delivery were analyzed according to the SR method. Neonatal morbidity and small for gestational age (SGA) were used as proxies for IUGR. Small for gestational age was defined as a birthweight less than two standard deviations (SD) and <10th percentile. We assessed the sensitivity of the SR and the SF methods to detect neonatal morbidity and SGA. Main Outcome Measures. Birth-related mortality, respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, Apgar score <= 6 at five minutes, pH <= 7.00 in the umbilical artery, neonatal care, preterm delivery, operative delivery for fetal distress and SGA. Results. For the SR method, the sensitivity for neonatal morbidity was between 6.0 and 36.4%, for SGA <2SD 36.8%, and for SGA <10th percentile 20.9%. The SF method had a sensitivity between 6.0 and 13.8% for neonatal morbidity, 52.3% for SGA <2SD and 28.6% for SGA <10th percentile. Conclusions. The SR and the SF methods had low sensitivities for neonatal morbidity.

  • 25.
    Bergman, Eva
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Kieler, Helle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Petzold, Max G.
    Nordic School of Public Health, Göteborg.
    Sonesson, Christian
    Statistical Research Unit, Göteborg University.
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Symphysis-fundus measurements for detection of small for gestational age pregnancies2006In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 85, no 4, p. 407-12Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. In Sweden measurements of the symphysis-fundus (SF) distance are used to detect small for gestational age (SGA) pregnancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Swedish ultrasound-based SF reference curves in detecting SGA pregnancies. Methods. To assess the sensitivity for detection of SGA pregnancies we performed a case-control study. Through the Swedish Medical Birth Register we identified all singelton SGA infants born in Uppsala 1993-1997 and randomly recruited non-SGA singelton as controls. We included 169 term and 73 preterm SGA cases and 296 controls, all born at term. The reference curves constructed from Steingrimsdottir (S curve) and Kieler (K curve) were evaluated. Gestational age at first alarm in the preterm SGA group was recorded. Results. In term pregnancies the S curve showed a sensitivity of 32 % and a specificity of 90 % at a cut-off at -2 SDs. The corresponding values for the K curve were 51 % and 83 %, respectively. In preterm pregnancies the sensitivity of the S curve was 49 % and for the K curve 58 %. The first alarm below -2 SD was noted before 32 weeks in 37 % with the S curve and 43 % with the K curve for preterm pregnancies. Conclusions. Both tested Swedish reference curves had low sensitivity for term SGA pregnancies. Sensitivity was higher for the preterm group and SF measurements seem to be better for detecting the most severe cases of SGA.

  • 26.
    Bergman, Eva
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Kieler, Helle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Petzold, Max
    Sonesson, Christian
    Axelsson, Ove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Self-administered measurement of symphysis-fundus heights2007In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 86, no 6, p. 671-677Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Antenatal identification of infants small for gestational age (SGA) improves their perinatal outcome. Repeated measurements of the symphysis-fundus (SF) heights performed by midwives is the most widespread screening method for detection of SGA. However the insufficiency of this method necessitates improved practices. Earlier start and more frequent SF measurements, which could be acomplished by self-administered measurements, might improve the ability to detect deviant growth. The present study was set up to evaluate wether pregnant wome can reliable perform SF measurements by themself. Method. Forty healthy women with singelton and ultrasound-dated pregancies from 2 antenatal clinics in Uppsala, Sweden, were asked to perform 4 consecutive SF measureemnts once a week, from 20 to 25 weeks of gestation until delivery. The self-administered SF measurements were recorded and systematically compared with midwives' SF measurements. Results. Thirty-three pregnant women performed self-administered SF measurements over a 14-week period (range 1-21). The SF curves constructed from self-admiinistered SF measurements had the same shape as previously constructed population-based reference curves. The variance for self-admiinistered SF measurements was higher than that of the midwives. Conclusions. Pregnant women are capable of measuring SF heights by themselves, but with a higher individual variance than midwives. Repeated measurements at each occasion can compensate for the higher variance. The main advantage of self-administered SF measurements is the opportunity to follow fetal growth earlier and more frequently.

  • 27.
    Bergman, Lina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics. Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Cape Town, South Africa.;Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Thorgeirsdottir, Lilja
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Hlth & Care Sci, Dept Reprod & Perinatal Hlth, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Elden, Helen
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Hlth & Care Sci, Dept Reprod & Perinatal Hlth, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Hesselman, Susanne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR).
    Schell, Sonja
    Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Cape Town, South Africa..
    Ahlm, Evelina
    Lund Univ, Fac Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lund, Sweden..
    Aukes, Annet
    Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Groningen, Netherlands..
    Cluver, Catherine
    Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Cape Town, South Africa.;Univ Melbourne, Mercy Perinatal, Melbourne, Vic, Australia..
    Cognitive impairment in preeclampsia complicated by eclampsia and pulmonary edema after delivery2021In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 100, no 7, p. 1280-1287Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction We aimed to assess cognitive function in women with preeclampsia stratified by severity, before and after onset of disease. Material and methods Prospective study performed at a referral hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Pregnant women between 20 and 42 weeks of gestation with eclampsia, pulmonary edema and preeclampsia without severe features, and a normotensive pregnancy were approached. Women were included at diagnosis of preeclampsia or at admission for delivery (women with normotensive pregnancies). Two cognitive assessments, the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire to assess the cognitive function subjectively before inclusion in the study, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment to assess the current cognitive function objectively before discharge from the hospital after delivery, were performed. Results We included 61 women with eclampsia, 28 with preeclampsia complicated by pulmonary edema, 38 with preeclampsia without severe features, and 26 with normotensive pregnancies. There was no difference in cognitive function from early pregnancy between groups. Women with eclampsia and preeclampsia complicated by pulmonary edema scored lower on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment at time of discharge compared with women with normotensive pregnancies. The results were attenuated in pulmonary edema after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions Women with preeclampsia complicated by pulmonary edema and in particular eclampsia had impaired cognitive function after onset of disease compared with women with normotensive pregnancies. The impairment did not seem to be present before onset of disease. Women with preeclampsia without severe features did not have impaired cognitive function.

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  • 28. Bergsjö, Per
    et al.
    Bakketeig, Leiv S.
    Lindmark, Gunilla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Maternal smoking does not affect fetal size as measured in the mid-second trimester2007In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 86, no 2, p. 156-160Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is causally related to birthweight, but we do not know whether fetal growth restriction is a continuous process or, if not, at what stage of pregnancy it affects weight gain. Material and methods. A random sample of para 1 and 2 mothers, drawn from the population of pregnant women in Bergen and Trondheim, Norway, and Uppsala, Sweden, were examined by a detailed questionnaire concerning smoking habits, menstrual history and pregnancy dating, and subjected to morphometric sonography of their fetuses in or around week 17. Of the 547 study participants, 31.9% were smokers. Gestational age was primarily determined by the last menstrual period [LMP], except in those with irregular cycles, and in 30 cases (6.6% of those with regular cycles) in whom the biparietal diameter [BPD]-determined age deviated >14 days from the LMP-based date. Results. The analysis did not reveal any statistically significant differences between the fetuses of non-smokers, light smokers (0-9 cigarettes per day) and heavy (10+ cigarettes per day) smokers, regarding BPD, mean abdominal diameter [MAD] femur length [FL], and a 'body contour index': [BPD+FL]MAD. Conclusion. Tobacco-induced fetal growth restriction probably begins after gestational week 17.

  • 29.
    Billström, Emma
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Poromaa, Inger Sundström
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Stålberg, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Asplund, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Molecular and Morphological Pathology.
    Hellberg, Dan
    Socioeconomic characteristics, housing conditions and criminal behavior in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) between 1960 and 20062012In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 91, p. 68-69Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Billström, Emma
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Sundström Poromaa, Inger
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Stålberg, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Asplund, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Molecular and Morphological Pathology.
    Hellberg, Dan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Center for Clinical Research Dalarna. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Socioeconomic characteristics, housing conditions and criminal offences among women with cervical neoplasia2013In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 92, no 8, p. 888-894Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. To investigate the association between cervical neoplasia and socioeconomic factors, housing conditions and criminal offences. Design. Longitudinal observational study. Setting. Falun county hospital, Sweden. Population. A total of 1331 women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I-III or cervical cancer between 1967 and 1978 were compared with 2604 age-matched controls from the same geographical area in Sweden. Methods. The Population and Housing Censuses were used for information about civil status, education, housing conditions, employment and socioeconomic status. The Swedish Register of Conviction Decisions was used to access information on criminal offences. Main outcome measures. Socioeconomic status, housing conditions, criminal offences. Results. Women with cervical neoplasia had a lower socioeconomic status and a lower educational level than their age-matched controls. They were more often divorced and did not own their home as often as controls. A significant association with criminal offences was observed, and it persisted after adjustment for socioeconomic status. Differences in socioeconomic factors between women with cervical neoplasia and their controls had not diminished in the younger, compared with the older, part of the study population. Conclusions. The results indicate that women with cervical neoplasia belong to a socioeconomically disadvantaged group. Furthermore, the study provides information about an association with criminal offences.

  • 31.
    Bjersand, Kathrine
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Poromaa, Inger Sundström
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Nygren, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Oncology.
    Mahteme, Haile
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Colorectal Surgery.
    Pseudomyxoma Peritone: symptoms, treatment, prognosis and sensitivity to cytostatic drugs in vitro2012In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 91, no S159, p. 71-71Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Björkman, Katarina
    et al.
    Falun Cent Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Falun, Sweden..
    Wesström, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Center for Clinical Research Dalarna. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Falun Cent Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Falun, Sweden..
    Risk for girls can be adversely affected post-term due to underestimation of gestational age by ultrasound in the second trimester2015In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 94, no 12, p. 1373-1379Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction. Post-term pregnancies are associated with greater risks for mother and child. Accurate determination of gestational age is necessary for safe care. Female fetuses have been shown to be smaller than males at the time of second-trimester ultrasound (US) examination, leading to underestimation of their age and, potentially, greater impacts of perinatal complications in post-term girls than in post-term boys. The purpose of this study was to investigate the sex ratio of post-term births and differences in perinatal complications (stillbirth, low Apgar score, low birthweight, meconium aspiration and low umbilical artery pH) between post-term boys and girls according to dating method [second-trimester US and last menstrual period (LMP)]. Material and methods. Data from gestational week >= 39 to delivery of 13 338 singleton pregnancies between 13 February 2006 and 15 January 2014, were collected from the Obstetrix (R) (Siemens Healthcare) medical records system in Dalarna County, Sweden. Results. The neonatal male: female ratio increased with gestational age after week 40, as dated by US, reaching 1.69 in gestational week 42. This ratio remained 1 throughout gestation according to dating by the LMP. Post-term pregnancy increased the risks of meconium aspiration and low Apgar score, with no sex difference observed. Conclusions. US gestational dating indicated that more boys than girls were born post-term, whereas dating according to LMP revealed no sex difference. These results support the hypothesis that female fetuses are smaller than males, leading to underestimation of their gestational age, at the time of second-trimester US examination.

  • 33. Bodker, Birgit
    et al.
    Bremme, Katarina
    Ellingsen, Liv
    Geirsson, Reynir
    Gissler, Mika
    Grunewald, Charlotta
    Hvidman, Lone
    Mulic-Lutvika, Ajlana
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Nyflot, Lill Trine
    Sorensen, Jette Led
    Ulander, Veli-Matti
    Vangen, Siri
    Maternal mortality in the Nordic countries The establishment of a Nordic maternal mortality collaboration2012In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 91, p. 46-47Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 34. Bostrom, Per
    et al.
    Lovkvist, Lena
    Edlund, Mans
    Olovsson, Matts
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Burden of illness in women with endometriosis2012In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 91, p. 37-37Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 35.
    Brodin, Thomas
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Berglund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Hadziosmanovic, Nermin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Bergh, Torbjorn
    Olovsson, Matts
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Holte, Jan
    Antimullerian hormone predicts pregnancy and live-birth rates after assisted reproduction and reflect oocyte quality besides oocyte quantity2012In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 91, p. 35-35Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 36.
    Brodin, Thomas
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Carl von Linne Clin, S-75183 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Hadziosmanovic, Nermin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Berglund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Olovsson, Matts
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Uppsala Univ, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Holte, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Uppsala Univ, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Uppsala, Sweden.;Carl von Linne Clin, S-75183 Uppsala, Sweden.;Ctr Reprod Biol Uppsala CRU, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Comparing four ovarian reserve markers: associations with ovarian response and live births after assisted reproduction2015In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 94, no 10, p. 1056-1063Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction. We compared the ability of four different ovarian reserve tests (ORTs) to predict live births per started in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) cycle, and poor and excessive response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Material and methods. This was a cohort study in a private infertility center in collaboration with Uppsala University, comprising 1230 IVF-ICSI cycles in 892 consecutive women between April 2008 and June 2011. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, antral follicle counts (AFC), combinations of basal levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and menstrual cycle lengths were analyzed for correlation and treatment outcome prediction in age-adjusted statistical models. Stepwise multivariable generalized estimating equation analyses were carried out in a sub-group with complete data on all four ORTs (620 cycles in 443 women). Odds ratios and c-statistics were calculated in the largest available set of data for each significant variable. Primary outcomes were live birth rate per started cycle and poor and excessive ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (defined by the ovarian sensitivity index). Results. All ORTs correlated significantly with each other, with the strongest correlation between AFC and AMH (r = 0.71, p < 0.0001). Univariately, AMH and age equivalently predicted live birth (c-statistic 0.61), and together they provided a significantly better model (c-statistic 0.64). For prediction of poor and excessive response the best model included AMH, AFC and age (c-statistic 0.89). Conclusions. AMH improves the ability to estimate live birth rates after assisted reproduction compared with female age alone. AMH, AFC and age together constituted the best model for prediction of ovarian response.

  • 37.
    Brunes, Malin
    et al.
    Sodersjukhuset Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci & Educ, Stockholm, Sweden.;Sodersjukhuset Univ Hosp, Div Obstet & Gynecol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Habel, Henrike
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altman, Daniel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive Health. Stockholm Urogynecol Clin, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ek, Marion
    Sodersjukhuset Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci & Educ, Stockholm, Sweden.;Sodersjukhuset Univ Hosp, Div Obstet & Gynecol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Risk-factors for continuous long-term use of prescription opioid drugs 3 years after hysterectomy: A nationwide cohort study2020In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 99, no 8, p. 1057-1063Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The widespread misuse of prescription pain medication, including opioids, has serious public health implications. Postoperative pain is a risk factor for persistent or chronic pain unless treated effectively. There are only a few studies that have assessed the use of opioid-containing drugs after gynecological surgery and most of these usually have a short follow-up period. The aim of this study was to identify risk-factors for long-term use of prescription opioid drugs following hysterectomy. Material and methods We performed a nationwide cohort study based on prospectively collected data. Information from two population-based registers, the Swedish National Quality Register of Gynecological Surgery and the Swedish National Drug Register, was linked. The study population consisted of women with benign disease undergoing a total hysterectomy from 1 January 2012 until 31 December 2015. To identify long-term changes in prescription of opioids, individual data were collected from 1 year prior to to 3 years after surgery between 2011 and 2018. Data analysis was performed using multivariable logistic regression models. Results The population included 17 385 women having had hysterectomy for benign disease. Of these women, 4233 (24.4%) were prescribed analgesics continuously for 3 years postoperatively and 1225 (7.1%) used opioids long term. Perioperative predictors of opioid use 3 years after surgery included a diagnosis of adenomyosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-2.7) and preoperative use of opioids (aOR 29.6, 95% CI 19.7-44.4), psycho- (aOR 3.5, 95% CI 2.4-5.0) and neuroactive drugs (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0-3.1). For women with no opioid prescription preoperatively (n = 260, 1.5%), mild (aOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.1-7.3) and severe (3.0% vs 6.2%: aOR 6.4, 95% CI 1.4-20.0) postoperative complications and preoperative prescription of psychoactive drugs (aOR 4.6, 95% CI 1.9-10.7) were associated with long-term use of drugs containing opioids. Conclusions Long-term use of prescription opioids after hysterectomy is common and is, among other risk factors, strongly associated with preoperative use of opioids, as well as psychoactive drugs and adenomyosis. To avoid opioid misuse disorders among women at risk for long-term opioid drug prescriptions after hysterectomy, further studies and strategies are needed.

  • 38. Campo, S
    et al.
    Campo, V
    Gambadauro, Pietro
    Short-term and long-term results of resectoscopic myomectomy with and without pretreatment with GnRH analogs in premenopausal women2005In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 84, no 8, p. 756-60Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 39.
    Carlsson, Ylva
    et al.
    Center of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Sandström, Anna
    Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Bergman, Lina
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Conner, Peter
    Department of Women's Health, Division of Obstetrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hansson, Stefan
    Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund/Malmö, Sweden..
    Kublicka, Marius
    Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology - CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Görmüş, Uzay
    PerkinElmer Genomics, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lindgren, Peter
    Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology - CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Oleröd, Göran
    Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Comparing the results from a Swedish pregnancy cohort using data from three automated placental growth factor immunoassay platforms intended for first-trimester preeclampsia prediction.2023In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, no 8, p. 1084-1091Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: Risk evaluation for preeclampsia in early pregnancy allows identification of women at high risk. Prediction models for preeclampsia often include circulating concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF); however, the models are usually limited to a specific PlGF method of analysis. The aim of this study was to compare three different PlGF methods of analysis in a Swedish cohort to assess their convergent validity and appropriateness for use in preeclampsia risk prediction models in the first trimester of pregnancy.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: First-trimester blood samples were collected in gestational week 11+0 to 13+6 from 150 pregnant women at Uppsala University Hospital during November 2018 until November 2020. These samples were analyzed using the different PlGF methods from Perkin Elmer, Roche Diagnostics, and Thermo Fisher Scientific.

    RESULTS: There were strong correlations between the PlGF results obtained with the three methods, but the slopes of the correlations clearly differed from 1.0: PlGFPerkinElmer  = 0.553 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.518-0.588) * PlGFRoche -1.112 (95% CI -2.773 to 0.550); r = 0.966, mean difference -24.6 (95% CI -26.4 to -22.8). PlGFPerkinElmer  = 0.673 (95% CI 0.618-0.729) * PlGFThermoFisher -0.199 (95% CI -2.292 to 1.894); r = 0.945, mean difference -13.8 (95% CI -15.1 to -12.6). PlGFRoche  = 1.809 (95% CI 1.694-1.923) * PlGFPerkinElmer +2.010 (95% CI -0.877 to 4.897); r = 0.966, mean difference 24.6 (95% CI 22.8-26.4). PlGFRoche  = 1.237 (95% CI 1.113-1.361) * PlGFThermoFisher +0.840 (95% CI -3.684 to 5.363); r = 0.937, mean difference 10.8 (95% CI 9.4-12.1). PlGFThermoFisher  = 1.485 (95% CI 1.363-1.607) * PlGFPerkinElmer +0.296 (95% CI -2.784 to 3.375); r = 0.945, mean difference 13.8 (95% CI 12.6-15.1). PlGFThermoFisher  = 0.808 (95% CI 0.726-0.891) * PlGFRoche -0.679 (95% CI -4.456 to 3.099); r = 0.937, mean difference -10.8 (95% CI -12.1 to -9.4).

    CONCLUSION: The three PlGF methods have different calibrations. This is most likely due to the lack of an internationally accepted reference material for PlGF. Despite different calibrations, the Deming regression analysis indicated good agreement between the three methods, which suggests that results from one method may be converted to the others and hence used in first-trimester prediction models for preeclampsia.

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  • 40.
    Cederlöf, Elin Täufer
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Lager, Susanne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Sundström Poromaa, Inger
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Christersson, Christina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease in women with spontaneous preterm birth: A case-control study.2024In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: Women with spontaneous preterm birth have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Studies suggest potential pathophysiological mechanisms in common, but whether these could be identified by measurement of soluble circulating protein biomarkers in women with spontaneous preterm birth is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if protein biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease distinguish women with spontaneous preterm birth from healthy controls, both at pregnancy and at follow up.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study participants were identified in the population-based Uppsala biobank of pregnant women in Sweden, where plasma samples were collected in mid-pregnancy. In a first screening phase, we identified participants who subsequently experienced spontaneous preterm birth (<37 weeks) in the index pregnancy (N = 13) and controls (N = 6). In these samples, differences in protein expression were examined by comparative mass spectrometry. In a second validation phase, we invited 100 cases with previous spontaneous preterm birth in the index pregnancy and 100 controls (matched for age, body mass index, and year of delivery) from the same source population, to a follow-up visit 4-15 years after pregnancy. At follow up, we collected plasma samples and data on cardiovascular risk factors. We measured concentrations of selected biomarkers identified in the screening phase, as well as lipid profiles in samples both from pregnancy (biobank) and follow up.

    CLINICALTRIALS: gov registration NCT05693285.

    RESULTS: In the screening phase, fibrinogen, cadherin-5, complement C5, factor XII, plasma kallikrein, apolipoprotein M, and vitamin D-binding protein differed significantly at pregnancy. In the validation phase, 65 women agreed to participate (35 cases and 30 controls), with a median follow-up time of 11.8 years since pregnancy. The concentration of fibrinogen (p = 0.02) and triglycerides (p = 0.03) were slightly higher in cases compared with matched controls at follow up.

    CONCLUSIONS: Compared with women without preterm birth, those with spontaneous preterm birth had slightly higher concentrations of fibrinogen, both at mid-pregnancy and a decade after pregnancy. Additionally, we found slightly higher concentration of triglycerides at follow up in women with previous spontaneous preterm birth. The relevance of this finding is uncertain but might indicate potential pathophysiological mechanisms in common between spontaneous preterm birth and cardiovascular disease.

  • 41.
    Cesta, Carolyn E.
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Nobels Vag 12a, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Johansson, Anna L. V.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Nobels Vag 12a, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hreinsson, Julius
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Reprod Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Rodriguez-Wallberg, Kenny A.
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Reprod Med, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Oncol Pathol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Olofsson, Jan I.
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Reprod Med, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Holte, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health. Carl von Linne Clin, Uppsala, Sweden ; Univ Agr Sci Uppsala, Ctr Reprod Biol Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden; Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Wramsby, Håkan
    St Gorans Sjukhus, IVF Kliniken Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wramsby, Margareta
    Fertilitetsctr Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Cnattingius, Sven
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Skalkidou, Alkistis
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Iliadou, Anastasia Nyman
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Nobels Vag 12a, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    A prospective investigation of perceived stress, infertility-related stress, and cortisol levels in women undergoing in vitro fertilization: influence on embryo quality and clinical pregnancy rate2018In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 97, no 3, p. 258-268Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction

    Women undergoing fertility treatment experience high levels of stress. However, it remains uncertain if and how stress influences in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle outcome. This study aimed to investigate whether self-reported perceived and infertility-related stress and cortisol levels were associated with IVF cycle outcomes.

    Material and methods

    A prospective cohort of 485 women receiving fertility treatment was recruited from September 2011 to December 2013 and followed until December 2014. Data were collected by online questionnaire prior to IVF start and from clinical charts. Salivary cortisol levels were measured. Associations between stress and cycle outcomes (clinical pregnancy and indicators of oocyte and embryo quality) were measured by logistic or linear regression, adjusted for age, body mass index, education, smoking, alcohol and caffeine consumption, shiftwork and night work.

    Results

    Ultrasound verified pregnancy rate was 26.6% overall per cycle started and 32.9% per embryo transfer. Stress measures were not associated with clinical pregnancy: when compared with the lowest categories, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the highest categories of the perceived stress score was 1.04 (95% CI 0.58-1.87), infertility-related stress score was OR = 1.18 (95% CI 0.56-2.47), morning and evening cortisol was OR = 1.18 (95% CI 0.60-2.29) and OR = 0.66 (95% CI 0.34-1.30), respectively.

    Conclusions

    Perceived stress, infertility-related stress, and cortisol levels were not associated with IVF cycle outcomes. These findings are potentially reassuring to women undergoing fertility treatment with concerns about the influence of stress on their treatment outcome.

  • 42. Cleverly, K
    et al.
    Gambadauro, Pietro
    Navaratnarajah, R
    Paraneoplastic anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: have you checked the ovaries?2014In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 93, no 7, p. 712-5Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 43.
    Danielsson, Ingela
    et al.
    Dept of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Blom, Helena
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sundsvall Hospital, Sweden.
    Nilses, Carin
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umea University, Sweden.
    Heimer, Gun
    Uppsala University, National Centre for Knowledge on Men.
    Högberg, Ulf
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umea University, Sweden.
    Gendered patterns of high violence exposure among Swedish youth2009In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 88, no 5, p. 528-535Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: The WHO describes violence as a global public health problem. In contrast to domestic violence, violence against youth has been little explored. Our aims were to investigate the prevalence and gender differences in relation to emotional, physical and sexual abuse among young men and women attending youth health centers in Sweden, the current adverse effects of the abuse and the perpetrators of the abuse. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Nationally representative youth health centers in Sweden. POPULATION AND METHODS: In total, 2,250 women and 920 men aged 15-23 years answered a validated questionnaire about emotional, physical and sexual abuse. RESULTS: A total of 33% (CI: 31-35) of the young women and 18% (CI: 16-21) of the young men had been exposed to emotional abuse during the past year. For physical abuse, 18% (CI: 17-20) of the women and 27% (CI: 24-30) of the men stated that they had been abused during the past year. The gender differences for sexual abuse were pronounced, with 14% (CI: 12-15) of the young women and 4.7% (CI: 3.3-6.0) of the men stating that they had been abused during the past 12 months. The young women reported more severe adverse effects from all types of abuse and were more often abused by a person close to them. CONCLUSIONS: The exposure to violence among young people is alarming and presents prominent gender differences, and should be taken into serious consideration as it is a matter of health, democracy and human rights.

  • 44.
    Darj, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Oral progesterone opposing postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy1995In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 74, no 5, p. 404-405Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 45.
    Darj, Elisabeth
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Lyrenäs, Sven
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1, a quick way to detect amniotic fluid1998In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 77, no 3, p. 295-297Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:

    The detection of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is essential to the management of pregnancy. Various tests, all with different limitations, have been used to diagnose PROM. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) is present in an essentially higher concentration in amniotic fluid, than in serum, cervical mucous, urine and seminal plasma. A commercial kit, with monoclonal antibodies to IGFBP-1 attached to a stick, is available. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a rapid dipstick test could confirm or exclude the presence of amniotic fluid.

    METHODS:

    A multicenter study, involving six departments of obstetrics and gynecology in Sweden, was designed to evaluate the new dipstick technique of diagnosing the presence of amniotic fluid in the vagina. One hundred and seventy-four women were examined. Forty-six women with obvious PROM, 29 women without PROM and 99 women with suspected PROM.

    RESULTS:

    Forty-four out of forty-six women with obvious PROM had a positive PROM-TEST. Twenty-seven out of twenty-nine women without PROM had a negative PROM-TEST, giving a sensitivity of 95.7% and a specificity of 93.1%. Among the women with suspected rupture of membranes, the sensitivity was 70.8%, the specificity 88.2% and the positive predictive value (PPV) 92%.

    CONCLUSION:

    IGFBP is present in high concentration in amniotic fluid. The dipstick test with monoclonal antibodies to IGFBP-1 is rapid and has a high PPV, sensitivity and specificity. It is a useful complement to the existing arsenal of tests to detect PROM.

  • 46.
    Drevin, Jennifer
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Caring Sciences.
    Stern, Jenny
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Caring Sciences.
    Annerbäck, Eva-Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD).
    Peterson, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Butler, Stephen
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Tydén, Tanja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Caring Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Berglund, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Uppsala University, National Centre for Knowledge on Men.
    Larsson, Margareta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Kristiansson, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine.
    Adverse childhood experiences influence development of pain during pregnancy.2015In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 94, no 8, p. 840-846Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and pain with onset during pregnancy.

    DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

    SETTING: Eighteen antenatal clinics in southern Mid-Sweden.

    SAMPLE: Of 293 women invited to participate, 232 (79%) women agreed to participate in early pregnancy and were assessed in late pregnancy.

    METHODS: Questionnaires were distributed in early and late pregnancy. The questionnaires sought information on socio-demography, ACE, pain location by pain drawing and pain intensity by visual analogue scales. Distribution of pain was coded in 41 predetermined areas.

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pain in third trimester with onset during present pregnancy: intensity, location and number of pain locations.

    RESULTS: In late pregnancy, 62% of the women reported any ACE and 72% reported any pain location with onset during the present pregnancy. Among women reporting any ACE the median pain intensity was higher compared with women without such an experience (p = 0.01). The accumulated ACE displayed a positive association with the number of reported pain locations in late pregnancy (rs  = 0.19, p = 0.02). This association remained significant after adjusting for background factors in multiple regression analysis (p = 0.01). When ACE was dichotomized the prevalence of pain did not differ between women with and without ACE. The subgroup of women reporting physical abuse as a child reported a higher prevalence of sacral and pelvic pain (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.02, respectively).

    CONCLUSIONS: Adverse childhood experiences were associated with higher pain intensities and larger pain distributions in late pregnancy, which are risk factors for transition to chronic pain postpartum.

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  • 47.
    Eckerdal, Patricia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Georgakis, Marios K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health. Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece .
    Kollia, Natasa
    Department of Biostatistics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics.
    Högberg, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Skalkidou, Alkistis
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Delineating the association between mode of delivery and postpartum depression symptoms: A  longitudinal study2018In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 97, no 3, p. 301-311, article id 29215162Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: Although a number of perinatal factors have been implicated in the etiology of postpartum depression, the role of mode of delivery remains controversial. Our aim was to explore the association between mode of delivery and postpartum depression, considering the potentially mediating or confounding role of several covariates. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a longitudinal-cohort study in Uppsala, Sweden, with 3888 unique pregnancies followed up postpartum, the effect of mode of delivery (spontaneous vaginal delivery, vacuum extraction, elective cesarean section, emergency cesarean section) on self-reported postpartum depression symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale >/=12) at 6 weeks postpartum was investigated through logistic regression models and path analysis. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of postpartum depression was 13%. Compared with spontaneous vaginal delivery, women who delivered by emergency cesarean section were at higher risk for postpartum depression 6 weeks after delivery in crude (odds ratio 1.45, 95% confidence interval 1.04-2.01) but not in adjusted analysis. However, the path analysis revealed that emergency cesarean section and vacuum extraction were indirectly associated with increased risk of postpartum depression, by leading to postpartum complications, self-reported physical symptoms postpartum, and therefore a negative delivery experience. In contrast, history of depression and fear of delivery increased the odds of postpartum depression and led more frequently to elective cesarean section; however, it was associated with a positive delivery experience. CONCLUSIONS: Mode of delivery has no direct impact on risk of postpartum depression; nevertheless, several modifiable or non-modifiable mediators are present in this association. Women delivering in an emergency setting by emergency cesarean section or vacuum extraction, and reporting negatively experienced delivery, constitute a high-risk group for postpartum depression.

  • 48.
    Edling, Agnes
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Lindström, Linda
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinical Obstetrics.
    Bergman, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Second trimester induced abortions due to fetal anomalies—a population‐based study of diagnoses, examinations and clinical management2021In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 100, no 12, p. 2202-2208Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction Two-thirds of induced abortions after gestational week (gw) 18 are performed due to fetal anomalies. The potential of the fetus to survive outside the uterus after birth is the upper limit for induced abortions in Sweden. Due to advances in neonatal medicine, fetal viability and the upper limit of late induced abortions have been converging over the last few decades. The aim of the study was to examine clinical management of fetal anomalies, including time frames, leading to second trimester abortions.

    Material and methods All induced abortions due to fetal anomalies after gw 11+6 in Uppsala county, Sweden, from 2010 to 2017, were reviewed from electronic medical records in a retrospective descriptive study. In total, 180 women underwent 185 abortions divided into 107 (57.8%) in an early group (gw 12+0 to 18+0), and 78 (42.2%) in a late group (≥ gw 18+1). Examinations performed were genetic testing, fetal echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pediatric counseling. Time frames from suspicion of fetal anomaly to abortion were reviewed.

    Results Anomalies were subdivided into groups of diagnosis: chromosomal (n = 104), central nervous system (n = 22), heart (n = 12), urinary tract (n = 10) and others (n = 37). Chromosomal anomaly was present in 82 (76.6%) in the early group and 22 (28.2%) in the late group. In the early group, examinations performed preceding a conclusive diagnosis were mainly QF-PCR for trisomies (n = 97), microarray (n = 13), and genetic counseling (n = 14). In the late group, trisomy test was performed in 68, microarray in 31, MRI in 24, fetal echocardiography in 28, and pediatric or genetic counseling in 43 and six cases, respectively.

    Mean time interval from suspicion of fetal anomaly to the woman’s decision was 5 days before gw 18+1, 7 days in gw 18, and 13 days in gw 21. More than two examinations before reaching the decision to terminate the pregnancy were needed in two abortions (25.0%) in gw 18, increasing to 16 (80.0%) in gw 21.

    Conclusions Increasing complexity and diversity in fetal diagnoses require time-consuming examinations in late-induced abortions compared with earlier gestational weeks. A structured expedient process is necessary to allow for decision time and minimize terminations approaching the legal limit.

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  • 49.
    Ehrnsten, Lisa
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Urogyn Clin, Solna, Sweden.
    Altman, Daniel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Ljungblad, Anton
    Sophiahemmet Hosp, Gynecol & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kallner, Helena Kopp
    Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Urogyn Clin, Solna, Sweden;Danderyd Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Efficacy of mifepristone and misoprostol for medical treatment of missed miscarriage in clinical practice-A cohort study2020In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 99, no 4, p. 488-493Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction It has been estimated that one out of every four women experience first-trimester miscarriage. Missed miscarriage is a common form of early miscarriage where the products of conception are not expelled from the uterus. It is diagnosed by ultrasound. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the success rate of a combination treatment with mifepristone and misoprostol for missed miscarriage in clinical practice. The secondary objective was to identify significant factors influencing the rate of success. Material and methods A cohort of 941 consecutive women with an ICD-10 diagnosis of missed miscarriage who received treatment with 800 mu g vaginal misoprostol and 2 repeat doses of 400 mu g oral misoprostol after mifepristone pretreatment between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2014 was analyzed. Women with a uterine size smaller than 12 weeks who were planned for medical treatment were included in the study. The exclusion criteria were primary surgical management or planned follow up outside the Stockholm County Council area. Results The success rate of medical treatment, defined as no need for surgical treatment, was 85.5% (805/941) in women with a uterine size of less than 12 weeks. However, for women with uterine size below 9 weeks the success rate was 88.9% (586/659). Indeed, uterine size of 9 gestational weeks or larger at time of treatment was identified as the only significant risk factor for surgical intervention. Conclusions The medical regimen for missed miscarriage offered in this study appears to be safe and with high rates of success. Conclusions about which women to exclude from medical treatment could not be made. Medical treatment may therefore benefit all women with missed miscarriage who wish to avoid primary surgery.

  • 50. Ekeus, Cecilia
    et al.
    Cnattingius, Sven
    Hjern, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Epidural analgesia during labor among immigrant women in Sweden2010In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 89, no 2, p. 243-249Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective. To investigate differences in the use of epidural analgesia (EDA) during labor between native Swedish and immigrant women and whether such possible differences could be explained by other maternal factors or birthweight. Design. Population-based register study. Setting. Nationwide study in Sweden. Population. A total of 455,274 primiparous women, who gave birth to a singleton infant at 37-41 completed gestational weeks during 1992-2005. Of the 72,086 (16%) immigrants, data on 31,148 women from the eight most common countries of origin were analyzed to test our hypotheses. Methods. Register study with perinatal data from the Medical Birth Register and socio-demographic variables from national income and population registers. Main outcome measure. Use of EDA during vaginal delivery. Results. Compared with native Swedish women, EDA was more often used by women from Chile, odds ratio (OR) 1.39 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23-1.57); Iran, OR 1.38 (1.26-1.53); Poland, OR 1.22 (1.08-1.37) and Finland, OR 1.10 (1.03-1.17) after adjustments for perinatal and socio-demographic confounders, while EDA was less often used among women from Somalia, OR 0.57 (0.46-0.70); Iraq, OR 0.71 (0.64-0.78); Turkey, OR 0.77(0.69-0.86) and Yugoslavia, OR 0.85 (0.79-0.91). Having a native Swedish partner increased the use of EDA in immigrant women. Conclusion. EDA use during labor varies more by maternal country of origin than by socio-economic factors. This suggests that expectations of care from the country of origin continue to influence the use of EDA after immigration to Sweden.

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