Logo: to the web site of Uppsala University

uu.sePublications from Uppsala University
Change search
Refine search result
1 - 39 of 39
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1.
    Alafuzoff, Irina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Pikkarainen, Maria
    Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Clin Med, Kuopio, Finland.
    Neumann, Manuela
    Univ Tubingen, German Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis, Dept Neuropatol, Tubingen, Germany; DZNE, Tubingen, Germany.
    Arzberger, Thomas
    Univ Munich, Ctr Neuropathol & Prion Res, Munich, Germany.
    Al-Sarraj, Safa
    Kings Coll Hosp London, Inst Psychiat, Dept Clin Neuropathol, London, England; MRC, London Neurodegenerat Dis Brain Bank, London, England.
    Bodi, Istvan
    Kings Coll Hosp London, Inst Psychiat, Dept Clin Neuropathol, London, England; MRC, London Neurodegenerat Dis Brain Bank, London, England.
    Bogdanovic, Nenad
    Univ Oslo, Inst Clin Med, Dept Geriatr, Oslo, Norway.
    Bugiani, Orso
    IRCSS Fdn Ist Neurol Carlo Besta, Div Neuropathol & Neurol 5, Milan, Italy.
    Ferrer, Isidro
    Univ Barcelona, CEBERNED, Bellvitge Univ Hosp, Inst Neuropathol, Barcelona, Spain.
    Gelpi, Ellen
    Biobanc Hosp Clin IDIBAPS, Neurol Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain.
    Gentleman, Stephen
    Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Med, Neuropathol Unit, London, England.
    Giaccone, Giorgio
    IRCSS Fdn Ist Neurol Carlo Besta, Div Neuropathol & Neurol 5, Milan, Italy.
    Graeber, Manuel B.
    Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Brain & Mind Res Inst, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
    Hortobagyi, Tibor
    Univ Debrecen, Instutute Pathol, Dept Neuropathol, Debrecen, Hungary.
    Ince, Paul G.
    Univ Sheffield, Sheffield Inst Translat Neurosci, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
    Ironside, James W.
    Univ Edinburgh, Western Gen Hosp, Natl CJD Res & Surveillance Unit, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
    Kavantzas, Nikolaos
    Natl & Capodistrian Univ Athens, Dept Pathol, Athens, Greece.
    King, Andrew
    Kings Coll Hosp London, Inst Psychiat, Dept Clin Neuropathol, London, England; MRC, London Neurodegenerat Dis Brain Bank, London, England.
    Korkolopoulou, Penelope
    Natl & Capodistrian Univ Athens, Dept Pathol, Athens, Greece.
    Kovács, Gábor G.
    Med Univ Vienna, Inst Neurol, Vienna, Austria.
    Meyronet, David
    Univ Lyon, Hosp Civils Lyon, Ctr Pathol & Neuropathol Est, Lyon Neurosci Res Ctr, Lyon, France.
    Monoranu, Camelia
    Univ Wurzburg, Abt Neuropathol, Pathol Inst, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany.
    Nilsson, Tatjana
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Geriatr, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Parchi, Piero
    Univ Bologna, Ist Sci Neurol, Dept Biomed & Neuromotor Sci, IRCCS, Bologna, Italy.
    Patsouris, Efstratios
    Natl & Capodistrian Univ Athens, Dept Pathol, Athens, Greece.
    Revesz, Tamas
    UCL Inst Neurol, Queen Sq Brain Bank, Dept Mol Neurosci, London, England.
    Roggendorf, Wolfgang
    Univ Wurzburg, Abt Neuropathol, Pathol Inst, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany.
    Rozemuller, Annemieke
    Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Seilhean, Danielle
    Univ Paris 06, AP HP, Lab Neuropathol Raymond Escourolle, Paris, France; INSERM, Paris, France.
    Streichenberger, Nathalie
    Univ Lyon, Hosp Civils Lyon, Ctr Pathol & Neuropathol Est, Lyon Neurosci Res Ctr, Lyon, France.
    Thal, Dietmar R.
    Univ Ulm, Inst Pathol, Neuropathol Lab, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
    Wharton, Stephen B.
    Univ Sheffield, Sheffield Inst Translat Neurosci, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
    Kretzschmar, Hans
    Univ Munich, Ctr Neuropathol & Prion Res, Munich, Germany.
    Neuropathological assessments of the pathology in frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP43-positive inclusions: an inter-laboratory study by the BrainNet Europe consortium2015In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 122, no 7, p. 957-972Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The BrainNet Europe consortium assessed the reproducibility in the assignment of the type of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP) 43 following current recommendations. The agreement rates were influenced by the immunohistochemical (IHC) method and by the classification strategy followed. p62-IHC staining yielded good uniform quality of stains, but the most reliable results were obtained implementing specific Abs directed against the hallmark protein TDP43. Both assessment of the type and the extent of lesions were influenced by the Abs and by the quality of stain. Assessment of the extent of the lesions yielded poor results repeatedly; thus, the extent of pathology should not be used in diagnostic consensus criteria. Whilst 31 neuropathologists typed 30 FTLD-TDP cases, inter-rater agreement ranged from 19 to 100 per cent, being highest when applying phosphorylated TDP43/IHC. The agreement was highest when designating Type C or Type A/B. In contrast, there was a poor agreement when attempting to separate Type A or Type B FTLD-TDP. In conclusion, we can expect that neuropathologist, independent of his/her familiarity with FTLD-TDP pathology, can identify a TDP43-positive FTLD case. The goal should be to state a Type (A, B, C, D) or a mixture of Types (A/B, A/C or B/C). Neuropathologists, other clinicians and researchers should be aware of the pitfalls whilst doing so. Agreement can be reached in an inter-laboratory setting regarding Type C cases with thick and long neurites, whereas the differentiation between Types A and B may be more troublesome.

  • 2. Archer, Trevor
    et al.
    Fredriksson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Ulleråker, University Hospital.
    Influence of noradrenaline denervation on MPTP-induced deficits in mice2006In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 113, no 9, p. 1119-1129Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    C57/BL6 mice were administered either DSP4 (50 mg/kg, s.c., 30 min after injection of zimeldine, 20 Cemg/kg, s.c.) or vehicle (saline) at 63 days of age. Three weeks later, one group (n = 10) of DSP4-treated and one group of vehicle-treated mice were administered MPTP (2 x 40 mg/kg, s.c., 24 hours between injections; the High dose groups), one group (n = 10) of DSP4-treated and one group of vehicle-treated mice were administered MPTP (2 x 20 mg/kg, s.c., 24 hours between injections; the Low dose groups), and one group (n = 10) of DSP4-treated and one group of vehicle-treated mice were administered vehicle. Three weeks later, all six groups were tested in motor activity test chambers, followed by injections of L-Dopa (20 mg/kg, s.c.), and then tested over a further 360 min in the activity test chambers. It was found that pretreatment with the selective NA neurotoxin, DSP4, deteriorated markedly the dose-dependent motor activity deficits observed in the vehicle pretreated MPTP treated mice. These 'ultra-deficits' in the spontaneous motor behaviour of MPTP-treated mice were observed over all three parameters: locomotion, rearing and total activity, and were restricted to the 1(st) and 2(nd) 20-min periods. Administration of L-Dopa (20 mg/kg) following the 60-min testing of spontaneous behaviour restored the motor activity of Vehicle + MPTP treated mice (neither the Vehicle + MPTP-Low nor the Vehicle + MPTP-High groups differed from the Vehicle-Vehicle group, here) but failed to do so in the DSP4 pretreated mice. Here, a dose-dependent deficit of L-Dopa-induced motor activity (over all three parameters) was obtained thereby offering further evidence of an 'ultra-deficit' of function due to previous denervation of the NA terminals. The present findings support the notion that severe damage to the locus coeruleus noradrenergic system, through systemic DSP4, disrupts the facilitatory influence on the nigrostriatal DA system, and interferes with the ability of the nigrostriatal pathway to compensate for or recover from marked injury, MPTP treatment.

  • 3. Arzberger, Thomas
    et al.
    Giese, Armin
    Edbauer, Dieter
    Alafuzoff, Irina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Ferrer, Isidro
    Special Issue: Research on Brain Bank Material - From Ethical Issues to Biomolecular Studies2015In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 122, no 7, p. 933-936Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 4. Castellani, Rudy J.
    et al.
    Nugent, Summer L.
    Morrison, Alan L.
    Zhu, Xiongwei
    Lee, Hyoung-Gon
    Harris, Peggy L. R.
    Bajić, Vladan
    Sharma, Hari S.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Chen, Shu G.
    Oettgen, Peter
    Perry, George
    Smith, Mark A.
    CD3 in Lewy pathology: does the abnormal recall of neurodevelopmental processes underlie Parkinson's disease2011In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 118, no 1, p. 23-26Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    CD3ζ is a subunit of the CD3 molecule that, until recently, appeared restricted to T cells and natural killer cells. However, experimental studies have demonstrated a role of CD3ζ in dendritic outgrowth in the visual system as well as in synaptic plasticity. Given the increasing evidence for uncharacteristic recapitulation of neurodevelopmental processes in neurodegenerative diseases, in this study, we evaluated brains from subjects with Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia for evidence of aberrant CD3 expression. Our data shows marked CD3ζ in association with the α-synuclein containing pathological lesions, i.e., Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, in the brains of subjects with Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia. This finding raises the novel concept of CD3 dysregulation in these disorders as a pathogenic factor and also furthers the increasing evidence that the recall of aberrant neurodevelopmental processes underlies the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.

  • 5.
    Checknita, Dave
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience. Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden;Karolinska Univ Sjukhuset, Psychiat Bldg R5 00 C-O Jari Tiihonen, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ekström, Tomas J.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Comasco, Erika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Nilsson, Kent W.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Tiihonen, Jari
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hodgins, Sheilagh
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden;Univ Montreal, Inst Univ Sante Mentale Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
    Associations of monoamine oxidase A gene first exon methylation with sexual abuse and current depression in women2018In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 125, no 7, p. 1053-1064Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Childhood physical abuse (PA) and sexual abuse (SA) interact with monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene polymorphism to modify risk for mental disorders. In addition, PA and SA may alter gene activity through epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, thereby further modifying risk for disorders. We investigated whether methylation in a region spanning the MAOA first exon and part of the first intron was associated with PA and/or SA, MAOA genotype, alcohol dependence, drug dependence, depression disorders, anxiety disorders, and conduct disorder. 114 Swedish women completed standardized diagnostic interviews and questionnaires to report PA and SA, and provided saliva samples for DNA extraction. DNA was genotyped for MAOA-uVNTR polymorphisms, and methylation of a MAOA region of interest (chrX: 43,515,544-43,515,991) was measured. SA, not PA, was associated with hypermethylation of the MAOA first exon relative to no-abuse, and the association was robust to adjustment for psychoactive medication, alcohol and drug dependence, and current substance use. SA and MAOA-uVNTR genotype, but not their interaction, was associated with MAOA methylation. SA associated with all measured mental disorders. Hypermethylation of MAOA first exon mediated the association of SA with current depression, and both methylation levels and SA independently predicted lifetime depression. Much remains to be learned about the independent effects of SA and MAOA-uVNTR genotypes on methylation of the MAOA first exon.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 6.
    Checknita, Dave
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Psychiatry Building R5:00 c/o Jari Tiihonen, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Tiihonen, Jari
    Hodgins, Sheilagh
    Nilsson, Kent W.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Associations of Age, Sex, Sexual Abuse, and Genotype with Monoamine Oxidase A Gene Methylation2021In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 128, no 11, p. 1721-1739Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Epigenome-wide studies report higher methylation among women than men with decreasing levels with age. Little is known about associations of sex and age with methylation of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA). Methylation of the first exonic and partial first intronic region of MAOA has been shown to strengthen associations of interactions of MAOA-uVNTR genotypes and adversity with aggression and substance misuse. Our study examined associations of sex and age with MAOA first exon and intron methylation levels in 252 women and 157 men aged 14–73 years. Participants included adolescents recruited at a substance misuse clinic, their siblings and parents, and healthy women. Women showed ~ 50% higher levels of exonic, and ~ 15% higher intronic, methylation than men. Methylation levels were similar between younger (M = 22.7 years) and older (M = 46.1 years) participants, and stable across age. Age modified few associations of methylation levels with sex. MAOA genotypes modified few associations of methylation with sex and age. Higher methylation levels among women were not explained by genotype, nor interaction of genotype and sexual abuse. Findings were similar after adjusting for lifetime diagnoses of substance dependence (women = 24.3%; men = 34.2%). Methylation levels were higher among women who experienced sexual abuse than women who did not. Results extend on prior studies by showing that women display higher levels of methylation than men within first intronic/exonic regions of MAOA, which did not decrease with age in either sex. Findings were not conditioned by genotype nor interactions of genotype and trauma, and indicate X-chromosome inactivation.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 7.
    de Vries, Lyssa
    et al.
    Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Dev Psychiat, Dept Neurosci, Herestr 49,Box 1029, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.;Univ Hosp Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.;Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven Autism Res LAuRes, Louvain, Belgium..
    Amelynck, Steffie
    Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Dev Psychiat, Dept Neurosci, Herestr 49,Box 1029, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.;Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven Autism Res LAuRes, Louvain, Belgium..
    Nyström, Pär
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    van Esch, Lotte
    Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven Autism Res LAuRes, Louvain, Belgium.;Katholieke Univ Leuven, Fac Psychol & Educ Sci, Parenting & Special Educ Res Unit, Louvain, Belgium..
    Van Lierde, Thijs
    Univ Ghent, Dept Expt Clin & Hlth Psychol, RIDDL Lab, Ghent, Belgium..
    Warreyn, Petra
    Univ Ghent, Dept Expt Clin & Hlth Psychol, RIDDL Lab, Ghent, Belgium..
    Roeyers, Herbert
    Univ Ghent, Dept Expt Clin & Hlth Psychol, RIDDL Lab, Ghent, Belgium..
    Noens, Ilse
    Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven Autism Res LAuRes, Louvain, Belgium.;Katholieke Univ Leuven, Fac Psychol & Educ Sci, Parenting & Special Educ Res Unit, Louvain, Belgium..
    Naulaers, Gunnar
    Univ Hosp Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.;Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Dev & Regenerat, Woman & Child, Louvain, Belgium..
    Boets, Bart
    Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Dev Psychiat, Dept Neurosci, Herestr 49,Box 1029, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.;Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven Autism Res LAuRes, Louvain, Belgium..
    Steyaert, Jean
    Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Dev Psychiat, Dept Neurosci, Herestr 49,Box 1029, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.;Univ Hosp Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.;Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven Autism Res LAuRes, Louvain, Belgium..
    Investigating the development of the autonomic nervous system in infancy through pupillometry2023In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 130, p. 723-734Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We aim to investigate early developmental trajectories of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) as indexed by the pupillary light reflex (PLR) in infants with (i.e. preterm birth, feeding difficulties, or siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder) and without (controls) increased likelihood for atypical ANS development. We used eye-tracking to capture the PLR in 216 infants in a longitudinal follow-up study spanning 5 to 24 months of age, and linear mixed models to investigate effects of age and group on three PLR parameters: baseline pupil diameter, latency to constriction and relative constriction amplitude. An increase with age was found in baseline pupil diameter (F(3,273.21) = 13.15, p < 0.001, eta(2)(p) = 0.13), latency to constriction (F(3,326.41) =3.84, p = 0.010,eta(2)(p) = 0.03) and relative constriction amplitude(F(3,282.53) =3.70, p = 0.012,eta(2)(p)= 0.04). Group differences were found for baseline pupil diameter (F(3,235.91) = 9.40, p < 0.001,eta(2)(p) = 0.11), with larger diameter in preterms and siblings than in controls, and for latency to constriction (F(3,237.10) = 3.48, p = 0.017, eta(2)(p) = 0.04), with preterms having a longer latency than controls. The results align with previous evidence, with development over time that could be explained by ANS maturation. To better understand the cause of the group differences, further research in a larger sample is necessary, combining pupillometry with other measures to further validate its value.

  • 8. Fellerhoff-Losch, Barbara
    et al.
    Korol, Sergiy V.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Ganor, Yonatan
    Gu, Songhai
    Cooper, Itzik
    Eilam, Raya
    Besser, Michal
    Goldfinger, Meidan
    Chowers, Yehuda
    Wank, Rudolf
    Birnir, Bryndis
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Levite, Mia
    Normal human CD4+ helper T cells express Kv1.1 voltage-gated K+ channels, and selective Kv1.1 block in T cells induces by itself robust TNFα production and secretion and activation of the NFκB non-canonical pathway2016In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 123, no 3, p. 137-157Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    TNFα is a very potent and pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine, essential to the immune system for eradicating cancer and microorganisms, and to the nervous system, for brain development and ongoing function. Yet, excess and/or chronic TNFα secretion causes massive tissue damage in autoimmune, inflammatory and neurological diseases and injuries. Therefore, many patients with autoimmune/inflammatory diseases receive anti-TNFα medications. TNFα is secreted primarily by CD4+ T cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils and NK cells, mainly after immune stimulation. Yet, the cause for the pathologically high and chronic TNFα secretion is unknown. Can blocking of a particular ion channel in T cells induce by itself TNFα secretion? Such phenomenon was never revealed or even hypothesized. In this interdisciplinary study we discovered that: (1) normal human T cells express Kv1.1 voltage-gated potassium channel mRNA, and the Kv1.1 membrane-anchored protein channel; (2) Kv1.1 is expressed in most CD4+CD3+ helper T cells (mean CD4+CD3+Kv1.1+ T cells of 7 healthy subjects: 53.09 ± 22.17 %), but not in CD8+CD3+ cytotoxic T cells (mean CD8+CD3+Kv1.1+ T cells: 4.12 ± 3.04 %); (3) electrophysiological whole-cell recordings in normal human T cells revealed Kv currents; (4) Dendrotoxin-K (DTX-K), a highly selective Kv1.1 blocker derived from snake toxin, increases the rate of rise and decay of Kv currents in both resting and activated T cells, without affecting the peak current; (5) DTX-K by itself induces robust TNFα production and secretion by normal human T cells, without elevating IFNγ, IL-4 and IL-10; (6) intact Ca2+ channels are required for DTX-induced TNFα secretion; (7) selective anti-Kv1.1 antibodies also induce by themselves TNFα secretion; (8) DTX-K activates NFκB in normal human T cells via the unique non-canonical-pathway; (9) injection of Kv1.1-blocked human T cells to SCID mice, causes recruitment of resident mouse cells into the liver, alike reported after TNFα injection into the brain. Based on our discoveries we speculate that abnormally blocked Kv1.1 in T cells (and other immune cells?), due to either anti-Kv1.1 autoimmune antibodies, or Kv1.1-blocking toxins alike DTX-K, or Kv1.1-blocking genetic mutations, may be responsible for the chronic/excessive TNFα in autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. Independently, we also hypothesize that selective block of Kv1.1 in CD4+ T cells of patients with cancer or chronic infectious diseases could be therapeutic, since it may: a. augment beneficial secretion and delivery of TNFα to the disease-affected sites; b. induce recruitment and extravasation of curative immune cells and factors; c. improve accessibility of drugs to the brain and few peripheral organs thanks to TNFα-induced increased permeability of organ’s barriers.

  • 9.
    Fredriksson, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Ulleråker, University Hospital.
    Archer, Trevor
    Postnatal iron overload destroys NA-DA functional interactions2007In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 114, no 2, p. 195-203Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    C57/BL6 mice were administered either postnatal iron (Fe2+ 7.5 mg/kg, on postnatal days 10–12) or vehicle, followed by administration of either DSP4 (50 mg/kg, s.c., 30 min after injection of zimeldine, 20 mg/kg, s.c.) or vehicle (saline) at 63 days of age. Three weeks later, iron/vehicle treated, DSP4/vehicle treated mice were injected with either a low dose of MPTP (2 × 20 mg/kg, with a 24-hr interval between injections) or vehicle. Behaviour testing took place a further three weeks (spontaneous behaviour and L-Dopa induced) and two weeks (clonidine-L-Dopa induced) later. Postnatal iron administration exacerbated the bradykinesia induced by MPTP and virtually abolished all spontaneous motor activity in NA-denervated mice that were MPTP-treated. Postnatal iron administration reduced markedly the restoration of motor activity by suprathreshold L-Dopa (20 mg/kg) following a 60-min habituation to the test chambers. Pretreatment with DSP4 effectively eliminated the restorative effect of L-Dopa in the MPTP mice. The synergistic effects of co-administration of clinidine (1 mg/kg) with a subthreshold dose of L-Dopa (5 mg/kg) in elevating the motor activity of MPTP mice were reduced markedly by postnatal iron administration, as well as by pretreatment with DSP4. NA-denervation by DSP4, after postnatal iron treatment, totally abolished the activity-elevating effects of the α-adrenoceptor agonist + DA-precursor combination in MPTP mice, and virtually eliminated these effects in saline (non-MPTP) mice. Postnatal iron administration caused enduring higher levels of total iron content in all the groups with an increased level in mice treated with DSP4 followed by MPTP. These divergent findings confirm the direct influence of NA innervation upon dopaminergic functional expression and indicate a permanent vulnerability both in the noradrenergic and dopaminergic pathways following the postnatal infliction of an iron overload.

  • 10.
    Fredriksson, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Ulleråker, University Hospital.
    Stigsdotter, Ingels Maria
    Hurtig, Anders
    Ewalds-Kvist, Beatrice
    Archer, Trevor
    Running wheel activity restores MPTP-induced functional deficits2011In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 118, no 3, p. 407-420Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Wheel-running and treadmill running physical exercise have been shown to alleviate parkinsonism in both laboratory and clinical studies. MPTP was administered to C57/BL6 mice using two different procedures: (a) administration of a double-dose regime (MPTP 2 x 20 or 2 x 40 mg/kg, separated by a 24-h interval), vehicle (saline 5 ml/kg) or saline (vehicle 2 x 5 ml/kg), and (b) administration of a single-dose weekly regime (MPTP 1 x 40 mg/kg) or saline (vehicle 1 x 5 ml/kg) repeated over 4 consecutive weeks. For each procedure, two different physical exercise regimes were followed: (a) after the double-dose MPTP regime, mice were given daily 30-min periods of wheel-running exercise over 5 consecutive days/week or placed in a cage in close proximity to the running wheels for 3 weeks. (b) Mice were either given wheel-running activity on 4 consecutive days (30-min periods) or placed in a cage nearby for 14 weeks. Behavioral testing was as follows: (a) after 3 weeks of exercise/no exercise, mice were tested for spontaneous motor activity (60 min) and subthreshold l-Dopa (5 mg/kg)-induced activity. (b) Spontaneous motor activity was measured on the fifth day during each of the each of the first 5 weeks (Tests 1-5), about 1 h before injections (first 4 weeks), and continued on the 5th days of the 6th to the 14th weeks (Tests 6-14). Subthreshold l-Dopa (5 mg/kg)-induced activity was tested on the 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th and 14th weeks. (b) Mice from the single-dose MPTP weekly regime were killed during the 15th week and striatal regions taken for dopamine analysis, whereas frontal and parietal cortex and hippocampus were taken for analysis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). It was shown that in both experiments, i.e., the double-dose regime and single-dose weekly regime of MPTP administration, physical activity attenuated markedly the MPTP-induced akinesia/hypokinesia in both the spontaneous motor activity and restored motor activity completely in subthreshold l-Dopa tests. Running wheel activity attenuated markedly the loss of dopamine due to repeated administrations of MPTP. BDNF protein level in the parietal cortex was elevated by the MPTP insult and increased further by physical exercise. Physical running wheel exercise alleviated both the functional and biomarker expressions of MPTP-induced parkinsonism.

  • 11.
    Fytagoridis, A.
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Neurosurg, Stockholm, Sweden.;Umea Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden..
    Jiltsova, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery.
    Heard, T.
    Univ Queensland, Asia Pacific Ctr Neuromodulat, Brisbane, Qld, Australia..
    Samuelsson, J.
    Umea Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden..
    Zsigmond, P.
    Linkoping Univ Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Linkoping, Sweden..
    Skyrman, S.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Neurosurg, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Surgical replacement of Implantable pulse generators in deep brain stimulation: adverse events and risk factors in a multicenter cohort2016In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 123, no 12, p. 1512-1512Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 12. Johanson, Conrad
    et al.
    Stopa, Edward
    Baird, Andrew
    Sharma, Hari
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Traumatic brain injury and recovery mechanisms: peptide modulation of periventricular neurogenic regions by the choroid plexus-CSF nexus2011In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 118, no 1, p. 115-133Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In traumatic brain injury (TBI), severe disruptions occur in the choroid plexus (CP)-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) nexus that destabilize the nearby hippocampal and subventricular neurogenic regions. Following invasive and non-invasive injuries to cortex, several adverse sequelae harm the brain interior: (i) structural damage to CP epithelium that opens the blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB) to protein, (ii) altered CSF dynamics and intracranial pressure (ICP), (iii) augmentation of leukocyte traffic across CP into the CSF-brain, (iv) reduction in CSF sink action and clearance of debris from ventricles, and (v) less efficient provision of micronutritional and hormonal support for the CNS. However, gradual post-TBI restitution of the injured CP epithelium and ependyma, and CSF homeostatic mechanisms, help to restore subventricular/subgranular neurogenesis and the cognitive abilities diminished by CNS damage. Recovery from TBI is faciltated by upregulated choroidal/ependymal growth factors and neurotrophins, and their secretion into ventricular CSF. There, by an endocrine-like mechanism, CSF bulk flow convects the neuropeptides to target cells in injured cortex for aiding repair processes; and to neurogenic niches for enhancing conversion of stem cells to new neurons. In the recovery from TBI and associated ischemia, the modulating neuropeptides include FGF2, EGF, VEGF, NGF, IGF, GDNF, BDNF, and PACAP. Homeostatic correction of TBI-induced neuropathology can be accelerated or amplified by exogenously boosting the CSF concentration of these growth factors and neurotrophins. Such intraventricular supplementation via the CSF route promotes neural restoration through enhanced neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and neuroprotective effects. CSF translational research presents opportunities that involve CP and ependymal manipulations to expedite recovery from TBI.

  • 13.
    Karlsson, Oskar
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Lindquist, Nils Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Melanin affinity and its possible role in neurodegeneration2013In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 120, no 12, p. 1623-1630Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Certain drugs with melanin affinity are known to have caused pigmentary lesions in the eye and skin. This was the basis for the hypothesis that compounds with melanin affinity may cause damage also in other melanin-bearing tissues such as the substantia nigra. The heterogeneity of compounds that binds to melanin is large. Toxins, drugs, and several other compounds have melanin affinity. Compounds showing the highest affinity are mainly organic amines and metal ions. The binding of toxicants to melanin probably protects the cells initially. However, the binding is normally, slowly reversible and melanin may accumulate the toxicant and gradually release it into the cytosol. Several studies indicate that neuromelanin may play a significant role both in the initiation and in the progression of neurodegeneration. MPTP/MPP(+) that has been causally linked with Parkinsonism has high affinity for neuromelanin, and the induced dopaminergic denervation correlates with the neuromelanin content in the cells. This shows that the toxicological implications of the accumulation of toxicants in pigmented neurons and its possible role in neurodegeneration should not be neglected. Extracellular neuromelanin has been reported to activate dendritic cells and microglia. An initial neuronal damage induced by a neurotoxicant that leaks neuromelanin from the cells may therefore lead to a vicious cycle of neuroinflammation and further neurodegeneration. Although there are many clues to the particular vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease, the critical factors are not known. Further studies to determine the importance of neuromelanin in neurodegeneration and Parkinson's disease are warranted.

  • 14.
    Keijser, Rebecka
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience. Centrum för klinisk forskning, Västerås, Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Olofsdotter, Susanne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Nilsson, Kent W.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Åslund, Cecilia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Social medicine/CHAP.
    Three-way interaction effects of early life stress, positive parenting and FKBP5 in the development of depressive symptoms in a general population2021In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 128, p. 1409-1424Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    FKBP5 gene–environment interaction (cG × E) studies have shown diverse results, some indicating significant interaction effects between the gene and environmental stressors on depression, while others lack such results. Moreover, FKBP5 has a potential role in the diathesis stress and differential susceptibility theorem. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether a cG × E interaction effect of FKBP5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or haplotype and early life stress (ELS) on depressive symptoms among young adults was moderated by a positive parenting style (PASCQpos), through the frameworks of the diathesis stress and differential susceptibility theorem. Data were obtained from the Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland Cohort Study, including 1006 participants and their guardians. Data were collected during 2012, when the participants were 13 and 15 years old (Wave I: DNA), 2015, when participants were 16 and 18 years old (Wave II: PASCQpos, depressive symptomology and ELS) and 2018, when participants were 19 and 21 years old (Wave III: depressive symptomology). Significant three-way interactions were found for the FKBP5 SNPs rs1360780, rs4713916, rs7748266 and rs9394309, moderated by ELS and PASCQpos, on depressive symptoms among young adults. Diathesis stress patterns of interaction were observed for the FKBP5 SNPs rs1360780, rs4713916 and rs9394309, and differential susceptibility patterns of interaction were observed for the FKBP5 SNP rs7748266. Findings emphasize the possible role of FKBP5 in the development of depressive symptoms among young adults and contribute to the understanding of possible differential susceptibility effects of FKBP5.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 15. Kiyatkin, Eugene A.
    et al.
    Sharma, Hari S.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Expression of heat shock protein (HSP 72 kDa) during acute methamphetamine intoxication depends on brain hyperthermia: neurotoxicity or neuroprotection?2011In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 118, no 1, p. 47-60Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the present study, light and electron microscopy were used to examine heat shock protein (HSP 72kD) expression during acute methamphetamine (METH) intoxication in rats and evaluate its relationships with brain temperature and alterations in a number of other histochemical and morphological parameters. Freely moving rats received METH at the same dose (9 mg/kg, sc) but at different ambient temperatures (23 and 29°C), showing a wide range of brain temperature elevations (37.6-42.5°C); brains were taken for histochemical and morphological evaluations at peak of brain temperature increase. We found that acute METH intoxication induces massive and wide-spread HSP expression in neural and glial cells examined in detail in the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus. In each of these structures, the number of HSP-positive cells tightly correlated with brain temperature elevation. The changes in HSP immunoreactivity were also tightly related to alterations in permeability of the blood-brain barrier, acute glial activation, and brain edema assessed by albumin and GFAP immunoreactivity and measuring tissue water content, respectively. While robust and generalized HSP production normally appears to be the part of an adaptive brain response associated with METH-induced metabolic activation, activation of this protective mechanism has its natural limits and could not counteract the damaging effects of oxidative stress, high temperature, and edema-the leading factors of METH-induced neurotoxicity.

  • 16. Kruczyk, Marcin
    et al.
    Zetterberg, Henrik
    Hansson, Oskar
    Rolstad, Sindre
    Minthon, Lennart
    Wallin, Anders
    Blennow, Kaj
    Komorowski, Jan
    Andersson, Mats Gunnar
    Monte Carlo feature selection and rule-based models to predict Alzheimer's disease in mild cognitive impairment2012In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 17.
    Kruczyk, Marcin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Computational and Systems Biology.
    Zetterberg, Henrik
    Hansson, Oskar
    Rolstad, Sindre
    Minthon, Lennart
    Wallin, Anders
    Blennow, Kaj
    Komorowski, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Computational and Systems Biology.
    Andersson, Mats Gunnar
    Monte Carlo feature selection and rule-based models to predict Alzheimer's disease in mild cognitive impairment2012In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 119, no 7, p. 821-831Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of the present study was to evaluate a Monte Carlo feature selection (MCFS) and rough set Rosetta pipeline for generating rule-based models as a tool for comprehensive risk estimates for future Alzheimer's disease (AD) in individual patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Risk estimates were generated on the basis of age, gender, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers total tau (T-tau), phospho-tau(181) (P-tau) and the 42 amino acid form of amyloid beta (A beta 42) in two sets of longitudinally followed MCI patients (n = 217 in total). The predictive model was created in Rosetta, evaluated with the standard tenfold cross-validation approach and tested on an external set. Features were ranked and selected by the MCFS algorithm. Using the combined pipeline of MCFS and Rosetta, it was possible to predict AD among patients with MCI with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.92. Risk estimates were produced for the individual patients and showed good correlation with actual diagnosis in cross validation, and on an external dataset from a new study. Analysis of the importance of attributes showed that the biochemical CSF markers contributed the most to the predictions, and that added value was gained by combining several biochemical markers. Despite a correlation with the biochemical markers, the genetic marker APOE epsilon 4 did not contribute to the predictive power of the model.

  • 18. Malmlöf, Torun
    et al.
    Feltmann, Kristin
    Konradsson-Geuken, Åsa
    Schneider, Frank
    Alken, Rudolf-Giesbert
    Svensson, Torgny H
    Schilström, Björn
    Deuterium-substituted L-DOPA displays increased behavioral potency and dopamine output in an animal model of Parkinson's disease: comparison with the effects produced by L-DOPA and an MAO-B inhibitor.2015In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 122, no 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The most effective treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) L-DOPA is associated with major side effects, in particular L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia, which motivates development of new treatment strategies. We have previously shown that chronic treatment with a substantially lower dose of deuterium-substituted L-DOPA (D3-L-DOPA), compared with L-DOPA, produced equal anti-parkinsonian effect and reduced dyskinesia in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. The advantageous effects of D3-L-DOPA are in all probability related to a reduced metabolism of deuterium dopamine by the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). Therefore, a comparative neurochemical analysis was here performed studying the effects of D3-L-DOPA and L-DOPA on dopamine output and metabolism in 6-OHDA-lesioned animals using in vivo microdialysis. The effects produced by D3-L-DOPA and L-DOPA alone were additionally compared with those elicited when the drugs were combined with the MAO-B inhibitor selegiline, used in PD treatment. The different treatment combinations were first evaluated for motor activation; here the increased potency of D3-L-DOPA, as compared to that of L-DOPA, was confirmed and shown to be of equal magnitude as the effect produced by the combination of selegiline/L-DOPA. The extracellular levels of dopamine were also increased following both D3-L-DOPA and selegiline/L-DOPA administration compared with L-DOPA administration. The enhanced behavioral and neurochemical effects produced by D3-L-DOPA and the combination of selegiline/L-DOPA are attributed to decreased metabolism of released dopamine by MAO-B. The similar effect produced by D3-L-DOPA and selegiline/L-DOPA, respectively, is of considerable clinical interest since D3-L-DOPA, previously shown to exhibit a wider therapeutic window, in addition may reduce the need for adjuvant MAO-B inhibitor treatment.

  • 19. Marcello, Andrea
    et al.
    Wirths, Oliver
    Schneider-Axmann, Thomas
    Degerman-Gunnarsson, Malin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Lannfelt, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Bayer, Thomas A
    Circulating immune complexes of A beta and IgM in plasma of patients with Alzheimer's disease2009In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 116, no 7, p. 913-920Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    It has previously been shown that immune complexes (IC) of a given biomarker with class M immunoglobulins (IgM) provide better performances compared to the unbound biomarker in a number of cancer entities. In the present work, we investigated IC of IgM-Abeta as a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Abeta-IgM concentration has been measured in 75 plasma samples from patients with AD, individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy age- and sex-matched controls (HC). To characterize the fractions associated with Abeta, pooled plasma samples were subjected to gel-filtration analysis. Size-separated fractions were analyzed for the presence of Abeta using a sandwich ELISA assay. A strong reactivity was observed in the high molecular weight IgM (>500 kDa) and 150 kDa (IgG) fractions indicating that blood Abeta is strongly associated with antibodies. Using an ELISA assay detecting Abeta-IgM complexes, we observed that high levels of Abeta-IgMs were detectable in HC and MCI patients; however, there was no significant difference to the AD group.

  • 20.
    Nilsson, Kent W
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm , Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Sjöberg, Rickard L
    Leppert, Jerzy
    Oreland, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Damberg, Mattias
    Transcription factor AP-2 beta genotype and psychosocial adversity in relation to adolescent depressive symptomatology.2009In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 116, no 3, p. 363-370Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to investigate possible interactions between the gene coding for activating protein-2 beta (AP-2 beta) and psychosocial factors to predict depressive symptoms in adolescents. Two-hundred 16- and 19-year-old adolescents from the county of Västmanland, Sweden, were asked to complete a questionnaire, interviewed about psychosocial risk factors, and genotyped with regard to the transcription factor AP-2 beta intron 2 polymorphism. AP-2 beta genotype interacted significantly both with type of housing and parental separation to predict depressive symptoms. Individuals who were homozygous for the short AP-2 beta allele displayed higher depression scores when psychosocial adversity was taken into account. Amongst carriers of one or two copies of the long allele, there was no difference in depressive symptoms despite differences in psychosocial environments.

  • 21.
    Nilsson, Kent W.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Åslund, Cecilia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Comasco, Erika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Oreland, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology.
    Gene-environment interaction of monoamine oxidase A in relation to antisocial behaviour: current and future directions.2018In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 125, no 11, p. 1601-1626Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since the pioneering finding of Caspi and co-workers in 2002 that exposure to childhood maltreatment predicted later antisocial behaviour (ASB) in male carriers of the low-activity MAOA-uVNTR allele, frequent replication studies have been published. Two meta-analyses, one in 2006 and the other in 2014, confirmed the original findings by Caspi and co-workers. In the present paper, we review the literature, note some methodological aspects of candidate gene–environment interaction (cG×E) studies and suggest some future directions. Our conclusions are as follows. (1) The direction of the effect in a cG×E model may differ according to the positive and negative environmental background of the population. (2) There is a predictor-intersection problem such that when measuring one type of maltreatment in a person, other kinds of maltreatment often co-occur. Other forms of abuse are implicitly considered in statistical models; therefore, it is difficult to draw conclusions about the effects of timing and the severity of different forms of stressful life events in relation to ASB. (3) There is also an outcome-intersection problem because of the major intersection of ASB and other forms of mental health problems. It is likely that the G×E with MAOA is related to a common unmeasured factor. (4) For the G×E model, in which the effect of the gene on the outcome variable is dependent on other predictor variables, theoretically, hypothesis-driven statistical modelling is needed.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 22.
    Nordquist, Niklas
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Oreland, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Monoallelic expression of MAO-A in skin fibroblasts2007In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 114, no 6, p. 713-716Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    X chromosome inactivation in mammalian females occurs early in embryonic development and renders most genes on the inactive X chromosome transcriptionally silenced. As a consequence, females will display an X chromosomal parent-of-origin mosaicism with regard to which parental allele that is expressed. Some genes however, escape inactivation and will therefore be expressed from both alleles. In this study we have investigated if the X-linked MAO-A gene have bi- or mono-allelic expression. This information would indicate whether or not MAO-A gene dosage could potentially explain the observed gender differences that show functional connections to the serotonin system, such as aggression and impulsiveness. To investigate the X inactivation status of MAO-A we have used primary clonal cell cultures, on which allelic expression was assessed with RFLP analysis. Our results show that the MAO-A gene has mono-allelic expression in these cells. This could have important implications for understanding traits that display gender differences.

  • 23.
    Oreland, Lars
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology.
    Lagravinese, Gianvito
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Toffoletto, Simone
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Nillson, Kent W.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Harro, Jaanus
    Univ Tartu, Div Neuropsychopharmacol, Dept Psychol, Tartu.; North Estonia Med Ctr, Psychiat Clin, Tallinn.
    Robert Cloninger, C.
    Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, St Louis.
    Comasco, Erika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology.
    Personality as an intermediate phenotype for genetic dissection of alcohol use disorder.2018In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 125, no 1, p. 107-130Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Genetic and environmental interactive influences on predisposition to develop alcohol use disorder (AUD) account for the high heterogeneity among AUD patients and make research on the risk and resiliency factors complicated. Several attempts have been made to identify the genetic basis of AUD; however, only few genetic polymorphisms have consistently been associated with AUD. Intermediate phenotypes are expected to be in-between proxies of basic neuronal biological processes and nosological symptoms of AUD. Personality is likely to be a top candidate intermediate phenotype for the dissection of the genetic underpinnings of different subtypes of AUD. To date, 38 studies have investigated personality traits, commonly assessed by the Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) or Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), in relation to polymorphisms of candidate genes of neurotransmitter systems in alcohol-dependent patients. Particular attention has been given to the functional polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), however, leading to contradictory results, whereas results with polymorphisms in other candidate monoaminergic genes (e.g., tryptophan hydroxylase, serotonin receptors, monoamine oxidases, dopamine receptors and transporter) are sparse. Only one genome-wide association study has been performed so far and identified the ABLIM1 gene of relevance for novelty seeking, harm avoidance and reward dependence in alcohol-dependent patients. Studies investigating genetic factors together with personality could help to define more homogenous subgroups of AUD patients and facilitate treatment strategies. This review also urges the scientific community to combine genetic data with psychobiological and environmental data to further dissect the link between personality and AUD.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 24.
    Oreland, Lars
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Nilsson, Kent
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm , Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Damberg, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm , Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Hallman, Jarmila
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Monoamine oxidases: activities, genotypes and the shaping of behaviour2007In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 114, no 6, p. 817-822Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The importance of an interaction between environment and biological factors for the expression for a particular behaviour is illustrated by results from a series of adolescents in which effects of platelet MAO activity and psychosocial environment on criminality was investigated. In a favourable environment platelet MAO-B activity was not associated with criminality, while a very strong association was found in adolescents from a bad psychosocial environment. Essentially similar findings were obtained when a MAO-A promoter polymorphism was analysed instead of platelet MAO-B activity. In boys, presence of the low functioning allele seemed to be protective against criminal activity in combination with a good environment, while it predisposed for criminality in a bad psycho-social environment. In girls, instead, homozygosity for the high activity MAO-A allele interacted with environment to predict criminality. Possible mechanisms underlying the role of monoamine oxidases for behaviour are discussed.

  • 25.
    Oreland, Sadia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Daoura, Loudin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Gustafsson-Ericson, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Damberg, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Pharmacology.
    Hyytiä, Petri
    Oreland, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Pharmacology.
    Nylander, Ingrid
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Does the transcription factor AP-2beta have an impact on the genetic and early environmental influence on ethanol consumption?2010In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 117, no 9, p. 1077-1081Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Genes involved in alcoholism have consensus sites for the transcription factor activator protein (TFAP) 2beta. In the present study, we investigated TFAP-2beta protein levels in the ethanol-preferring alko, alcohol (AA) and the ethanol-avoiding alko, non-alcohol (ANA) rat lines. Furthermore, basal and ethanol-induced TFAP-2beta levels were examined in Wistar rats exposed to different early postnatal environments that are known to affect later ethanol consumption. Taken together, we found differences in brainstem TFAP-2beta protein between the AA and ANA rats.

  • 26. Rauramaa, Tuomas
    et al.
    Pikkarainen, Maria
    Englund, Elisabet
    Ince, Paul G.
    Jellinger, Kurt
    Paetau, Anders
    Alafuzoff, Irina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    TAR-DNA binding protein-43 and alterations in the hippocampus2011In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 118, no 5, p. 683-689Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Immunocytochemistry for transactive response binding protein-43 (TDP43) was assessed in the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus in 250 cases displaying hippocampal pathology identified by haematoxylin-eosin staining. 18%, nearly one in five displayed TDP43 immunoreactive pathology in the granular cell layer of hippocampus. This percentage increased to 43% when only subjects with hippocampal pathology other than vascular in origin were included. When only subjects with severe Alzheimer's disease-related pathology were included, 42% displayed TDP43-immunoreactive pathology, increasing to 60% when concomitant Alzheimer's disease and alpha-synuclein pathology were present. Within this setting, TDP43-immunoreactive pathology was observed to be present in 6% of subjects with hippocampal pathology but without any cognitive impairment. Our findings justify assessment of TDP43 pathology in every case where a pathological alteration is observed in the hippocampus using a routine stain.

  • 27. Schmitt, A
    et al.
    Bauer, M
    Heinsen, H
    Feiden, W
    Falkai, P
    Alafuzoff, Irina
    Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Kuopio Finland .
    Arzberger, T
    Al-Sarraj, S
    Bell, J E
    Bogdanovic, N
    Brück, W
    Budka, H
    Ferrer, I
    Giaccone, G
    Kovacs, G G
    Meyronet, D
    Palkovits, M
    Parchi, P
    Patsouris, E
    Ravid, R
    Reynolds, R
    Riederer, P
    Roggendorf, W
    Schwalber, A
    Seilhean, D
    Kretzschmar, H
    How a neuropsychiatric brain bank should be run: a consensus paper of Brainnet Europe II.2007In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 114, no 5, p. 527-37Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of new molecular and neurobiological methods, computer-assisted quantification techniques and neurobiological investigation methods which can be applied to the human brain, all have evoked an increased demand for post-mortem tissue in research. Psychiatric disorders are considered to be of neurobiological origin. Thus far, however, the etiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia, depression and dementias are not well understood at the cellular and molecular level. The following will outline the consensus of the working group for neuropsychiatric brain banking organized in the Brainnet Europe II, on ethical guidelines for brain banking, clinical diagnostic criteria, the minimal clinical data set of retrospectively analyzed cases as well as neuropathological standard investigations to perform stageing for neurodegenerative disorders in brain tissue. We will list regions of interest for assessments in psychiatric disorder, propose a dissection scheme and describe preservation and storage conditions of tissue. These guidelines may be of value for future implementations of additional neuropsychiatric brain banks world-wide.

  • 28.
    Sharma, Hari S.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Blood-CNS barrier, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection: recent therapeutic advancements and nano-drug delivery2011In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 118, no 1, p. 3-6Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 29.
    Sharma, Hari Shanker
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Early microvascular reactions and blood-spinal cord barrier disruption are instrumental in pathophysiology of spinal cord injury and repair: novel therapeutic strategies including nanowired drug delivery to enhance neuroprotection2011In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 118, no 1, p. 155-176Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease that leads to permanent disability of victims for which no suitable therapeutic intervention has been achieved so far. Thus, exploration of novel therapeutic agents and nano-drug delivery to enhance neuroprotection after SCI is the need of the hour. Previous research on SCI is largely focused to improve neurological manifestations of the disease while ignoring spinal cord pathological changes. Recent studies from our laboratory have shown that pathological recovery of SCI appears to be well correlated with the improvement of sensory motor functions. Thus, efforts should be made to reduce or minimize spinal cord cell pathology to achieve functional and cellular recovery to enhance the quality of lives of the victims. While treating spinal cord disease, recovery of both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, e.g., endothelia and glial cells are also necessary to maintain a healthy spinal cord function after trauma. This review focuses effects of novel therapeutic strategies on the role of spinal cord microvascular reactions and endothelia cell functions, i.e., blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) in SCI and repair mechanisms. Thus, new therapeutic approach to minimize spinal cord pathology after trauma using antibodies to various neurotransmitters and/or drug delivery to the cord directly by topical application to maintain strong localized effects on the injured cells are discussed. In addition, the use of nanowired drugs to affect remote areas of the cord after their application on the injured spinal cord in thwarting the injury process rapidly and to enhance the neuroprotective effects of the parent compounds are also described in the light of current knowledge and our own investigations. It appears that local treatment with new therapeutic agents and nanowired drugs after SCI are needed to enhance neurorepair leading to improved spinal cord cellular functions and the sensory motor performances.

  • 30.
    Sharma, Hari Shanker
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Miclescu, Adriana
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Cardiac arrest-induced regional blood-brain barrier breakdown, edema formation and brain pathology: a light and electron microscopic study on a new model for neurodegeneration and neuroprotection in porcine brain2011In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 118, no 1, p. 87-114Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Brief cardiac arrest and survival is often associated with marked neurological alterations related to cognitive and sensory motor functions. However, detail studies using selective vulnerability of brain after cardiac arrest in animal models are still lacking. We examined selective vulnerability of five brain regions in our well-established cardiac arrest model in pigs. Using light and electron microscopic techniques in combinations with immunohistochemistry, we observed that 5, 30, 60 and 180 min after cardiac arrest results in progressive neuronal damage that was most marked in the thalamus followed by cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and the brain stem. The neuronal damages are largely evident in the areas showing leakage of serum albumin in the neuropil. Furthermore, a tight correlation was seen between neuronal damage and increase in brain water content and Na(+) indicating vasogenic edema formation after cardiac arrest. Damage to myelinated fibers and loss of myelin as seen using Luxol fast blue and myelin basic protein (MBP) immunoreactivity is clearly evident in the brain areas exhibiting neuronal damage. Upregulation of GFAP positive astrocytes closely corresponds with neuronal damages in different brain areas after cardiac arrest. At the ultrastructural level, perivascular edema together with neuronal, glial and endothelia cell damages is frequent in the brain areas showing albumin leakage. Damage to both pre- and post-synaptic membrane is also common. Treatment with methylene blue, an antioxidant markedly reduced neuronal damage, leakage of albumin, overexpression of GFAP and damage to myelin following cardiac arrest. Taken together, these observations suggest that (a) cardiac arrest is capable to induce selective neuronal, glial and myelin damage in different parts of the pig brain, and (b) antioxidant methylene blue is capable to induce neuroprotection by reducing BBB disruption. These observations strongly suggest that the model could be used to explore new therapeutic agents to enhance neurorepair following cardiac arrest-induced brain damage for therapeutic purposes.

  • 31. Stefanova, E
    et al.
    Wall, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET.
    Almkvist, O
    Nilsson, A
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET.
    Forsberg, A
    Långström, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET.
    Nordberg, A
    Longitudinal PET evaluation of cerebral glucose metabolism in rivastigmine treated patients with mild Alzheimer's disease2006In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 113, no 2, p. 205-218Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study 11 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) were treated with the cholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine (mean dose 8.6 +/- 1.3'mg) for 12 months and underwent positron emission tomography (PET) studies of cerebral glucose metabolism (CMRglc) and neuropsychological testing at baseline and after 12 months. An untreated group of 10 AD patients served as control group. While the untreated AD patients showed a significant decline of CMRglc in the temporo-parietal and frontal cortical regions after 12 months follow-up the rivastigmine-treated patients showed no decline in CMRglc in corresponding cortical brain regions. Furthermore, a significant dose-related increase in CMRglc was recorded in the right frontal association region after 12 months rivastigmine treatment. A positive correlation was observed between changes in CMRglc and several cognitive tests in patients receiving higher doses (10.5-12'mg) of rivastigmine. These results suggest a stabilization effect of rivastigmine on CMRglc in mild AD patients receiving long-term rivastigmine treatment.

  • 32.
    Sutovsky, Stanislav
    et al.
    Comenius Univ, Dept Neurol, Fac Med, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Smolek, Tomas
    Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Neuroimmunol, Dubravska 9, Bratislava 84510, Slovakia..
    Alafuzoff, Irina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology.
    Blaho, Andrej
    Comenius Univ, Dept Neurol, Fac Med, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Parrak, Vojtech
    Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Neuroimmunol, Dubravska 9, Bratislava 84510, Slovakia.;Inst Neuroimmunol, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Turcani, Peter
    Comenius Univ, Dept Neurol, Fac Med, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Palkovic, Michal
    Comenius Univ, Dept Pathol Anat, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Petrovic, Robert
    Comenius Univ, Fac Med, Inst Med Biol Genet & Clin Genet, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Novak, Michal
    Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Neuroimmunol, Dubravska 9, Bratislava 84510, Slovakia..
    Zilka, Norbert
    Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Neuroimmunol, Dubravska 9, Bratislava 84510, Slovakia.;Inst Neuroimmunol, Bratislava, Slovakia..
    Atypical Huntington's disease with the clinical presentation of behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia2016In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 123, no 12, p. 1423-1433Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Huntington's disease is an incurable, adult-onset, autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by an expanded trinucleotide repeat (CAG). In this study, we describe a Huntington's disease patient displaying clinical symptoms of the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia in the absence of tremor and ataxia. The clinical onset was at the age of 36 years and the disease progressed slowly (18 years). Genetic testing revealed expanded trinucleotide CAG repeats in the Huntingtin gene, together with a Glu318Gly polymorphism in presenilin 1. Neuropathological assessment revealed extensive amyloid beta (A beta) aggregates in all cortical regions. No inclusions displaying hyperphosphorylated tau or phosphorylated transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) were found. A high number of p62 (sequestosome 1) immunopositive intranuclear inclusions were seen mainly in the cortex, while subcortical areas were affected to a lesser extent. Confocal microscopy revealed that the majority of p62 intranuclear lesions co-localised with the fused-in-sarcoma protein (FUS) immunostaining. The morphology of the inclusions resembled intranuclear aggregates in Huntington's disease. The presented proband suffered from Huntington's disease showed atypical distribution of FUS positive intranuclear aggregates in the cortical areas with concomitant Alzheimer's disease pathology.

  • 33. Wirths, Oliver
    et al.
    Bethge, Tobias
    Marcello, Andrea
    Harmeier, Anja
    Jawhar, Sadim
    Lucassen, Paul J
    Multhaup, Gerd
    Brody, David L
    Esparza, Thomas
    Ingelsson, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Kalimo, Hannu
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Lannfelt, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Bayer, Thomas A
    Pyroglutamate Abeta pathology in APP/PS1KI mice, sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease cases2010In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 117, no 1, p. 85-96Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The presence of Abeta(pE3) (N-terminal truncated Abeta starting with pyroglutamate) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has received considerable attention since the discovery that this peptide represents a dominant fraction of Abeta peptides in senile plaques of AD brains. This was later confirmed by other reports investigating AD and Down's syndrome postmortem brain tissue. Importantly, Abeta(pE3) has a higher aggregation propensity, and stability, and shows an increased toxicity compared to full-length Abeta. We have recently shown that intraneuronal accumulation of Abeta(pE3) peptides induces a severe neuron loss and an associated neurological phenotype in the TBA2 mouse model for AD. Given the increasing interest in Abeta(pE3), we have generated two novel monoclonal antibodies which were characterized as highly specific for Abeta(pE3) peptides and herein used to analyze plaque deposition in APP/PS1KI mice, an AD model with severe neuron loss and learning deficits. This was compared with the plaque pattern present in brain tissue from sporadic and familial AD cases. Abundant plaques positive for Abeta(pE3) were present in patients with sporadic AD and familial AD including those carrying mutations in APP (arctic and Swedish) and PS1. Interestingly, in APP/PS1KI mice we observed a continuous increase in Abeta(pE3) plaque load with increasing age, while the density for Abeta(1-x ) plaques declined with aging. We therefore assume that, in particular, the peptides starting with position 1 of Abeta are N-truncated as disease progresses, and that, Abeta(pE3) positive plaques are resistant to age-dependent degradation likely due to their high stability and propensity to aggregate.

  • 34.
    Zetterberg, Lena G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiotheraphy.
    Reviewing the effects of physical therapy in Cervical Dystonia2013In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 120, no 7, p. 1158-1159Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 35.
    Åslund, Cecilia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Nilsson, Kent W.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Individual biological sensitivity to environmental influences: testing the differential susceptibility properties of the 5HTTLPR polymorphism in relation to depressive symptoms and delinquency in two adolescent general samples2018In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 125, no 6, p. 977-993Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The gene-environment interaction research field in psychiatry has traditionally been dominated by the diathesis-stress framework, where certain genotypes are assumed to confer increased risk for adverse outcomes in a stressful environment. In later years, theories of differential susceptibility, or biological sensitivity, suggest that candidate genes that interact with environmental events do not exclusively confer a risk for behavioural or psychiatric disorders but rather seem to alter the sensitivity to both positive and negative environmental influences. The present study investigates the susceptibility properties of the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5HTTLPR) in relation to depressive symptoms and delinquency in two separate adolescent community samples: n = 1457, collected in 2006; and n = 191, collected in 2001. Two-, three-, and four-way interactions between the 5HTTLPR, positive and negative family environment, and sex were found in relation to both depressive symptoms and delinquency. However, the susceptibility properties of the 5HTTLPR were distinctly less pronounced in relation to depressive symptoms. If the assumption that the 5HTTLPR induces differential susceptibility to both positive and negative environmental influences is correct, the previous failures to measure and control for positive environmental factors might be a possible explanation for former inconsistent findings within the research field.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 36.
    Östergren, A
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Annas, A
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Skog, K
    Lindquist, Nils Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Brittebo, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Long-term retention of neurotoxic ß-carbolines in brain neuromelanin2003In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 111, no 2, p. 141-157Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    beta-Carbolines show structural resemblance to the neurotoxic N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and are metabolized to mitochondrial toxicants. Humans are continuously exposed to low levels of beta-carbolines through cooked food, coffee, alcoholic beverages and tobacco smoke. beta-Carbolines have previously been detected in higher levels in the pigmented substantia nigra than in the cortex of humans. The distribution of 3H-labelled harman and norharman in the brain of pigmented and albino mice and in frogs (a species having neuromelanin) was studied by tape-section and light-microscopic autoradiography. Furthermore, the binding of these beta-carbolines to dopamine-melanin and melanin granules from Sepia officinalis was examined. The results revealed a high affinity binding to melanin and a long-term retention (up to 30 days) in pigmented tissues, including neuromelanin-containing neurons of frogs after a single injection. The role of long-term exposure to food-related beta-carbolines and a retention of these compounds in pigment-containing neurons in the induction of idiopathic Parkinson's disease should be further considered.

  • 37.
    Östergren, Anna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Annas, Anita
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Skog, Kerstin
    Lindquist, Nils Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Brittebo, Eva B
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Long-term retention of β-carbolines in brain neuromelanin2004In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 111, no 2, p. 141-157Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    beta-Carbolines show structural resemblance to the neurotoxic N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and are metabolized to mitochondrial toxicants. Humans are continuously exposed to low levels of beta-carbolines through cooked food, coffee, alcoholic beverages and tobacco smoke. beta-Carbolines have previously been detected in higher levels in the pigmented substantia nigra than in the cortex of humans. The distribution of 3H-labelled harman and norharman in the brain of pigmented and albino mice and in frogs (a species having neuromelanin) was studied by tape-section and light-microscopic autoradiography. Furthermore, the binding of these beta-carbolines to dopamine-melanin and melanin granules from Sepia officinalis was examined. The results revealed a high affinity binding to melanin and a long-term retention (up to 30 days) in pigmented tissues, including neuromelanin-containing neurons of frogs after a single injection. The role of long-term exposure to food-related beta-carbolines and a retention of these compounds in pigment-containing neurons in the induction of idiopathic Parkinson's disease should be further considered.

  • 38.
    Östergren, Anna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Fredriksson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Ulleråker, University Hospital.
    Brittebo, Eva B
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Norharman-induced motoric impairment in mice: Neurodegeneration and glial activation in substantia nigra2006In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 113, no 3, p. 313-329Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The beta-carboline norharman is present in cooked food and tobacco smoke and show structural resemblance to the neurotoxicant 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. C57BL/6 mice were injected subcutaneously with norharman (3 and 10 mg/kg) twice per day for five consecutive days. Eighteen hours after the last dose an increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and fluoro-jade staining were demonstrated whereas the number of tyrosine hydroxylase positive cells were unchanged in the substantia nigra. Two weeks after the last treatment a decreased motor activity was observed whereas cognitive functions remained intact. In cultured PC12 cells norharman treatment induced mitochondrial dysfunction and increased the number of caspase-3 and TUNEL-positive cells. The results demonstrate that norharman induced apoptosis in cultured cells as well as early neurodegeneration, glial activation and sustained motor deficits in mice and suggest that exposure to norharman may contribute to idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

  • 39.
    Östergren, Anna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Lindquist, Nils Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Brittebo, Eva B.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Differential effects of dopamine melanin on norharman-induced toxicity in PC12 cells2007In: Journal of neural transmission, ISSN 0300-9564, E-ISSN 1435-1463, Vol. 114, no 7, p. 909-918Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The food contaminant norharman structurally resembles MPTP a compound that selectively damages pigmented brain areas. Both compounds are sequestered and retained in melanin-containing neurons. The aim of the study was to examine whether intracellular melanin can modulate the toxicity of norharman in melanin-loaded PC12 cells. Dopamine melanin protected against norharman-induced upregulation of grp78, activation of caspase 3 and necrosis at low concentrations (5 and 50 µM). In contrast, at a high conentration (500 µM) there was a significantly increased expression of grp78, hsp90 and caspase and a disassociation of melanin aggregates and dispersal of melanin granules to swollen neurite terminals. In human populations, a long-term low-level exposure to toxicants with a high affinity to melanin will probably result in accumulation in melanin-containing neurons in vivo. Our data suggest that accumulation of a neurotoxicant in melanin-loaded cells may lead to increased cell stress, apoptotic signaling and disassociation of melanin aggregates.

1 - 39 of 39
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf