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  • 1. Abarca-Gómez, L.
    et al.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Lytsy, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Social Medicine.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Yngve, Agneta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics.
    Ezzati, M
    Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults.2017In: The Lancet, ISSN 0140-6736, E-ISSN 1474-547X, Vol. 390, no 10113, p. 2627-2642Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults.

    METHODS: We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128·9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including 31·5 million aged 5-19 years. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2016 in 200 countries for mean BMI and for prevalence of BMI in the following categories for children and adolescents aged 5-19 years: more than 2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference for children and adolescents (referred to as moderate and severe underweight hereafter), 2 SD to more than 1 SD below the median (mild underweight), 1 SD below the median to 1 SD above the median (healthy weight), more than 1 SD to 2 SD above the median (overweight but not obese), and more than 2 SD above the median (obesity).

    FINDINGS: Regional change in age-standardised mean BMI in girls from 1975 to 2016 ranged from virtually no change (-0·01 kg/m(2) per decade; 95% credible interval -0·42 to 0·39, posterior probability [PP] of the observed decrease being a true decrease=0·5098) in eastern Europe to an increase of 1·00 kg/m(2) per decade (0·69-1·35, PP>0·9999) in central Latin America and an increase of 0·95 kg/m(2) per decade (0·64-1·25, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. The range for boys was from a non-significant increase of 0·09 kg/m(2) per decade (-0·33 to 0·49, PP=0·6926) in eastern Europe to an increase of 0·77 kg/m(2) per decade (0·50-1·06, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Trends in mean BMI have recently flattened in northwestern Europe and the high-income English-speaking and Asia-Pacific regions for both sexes, southwestern Europe for boys, and central and Andean Latin America for girls. By contrast, the rise in BMI has accelerated in east and south Asia for both sexes, and southeast Asia for boys. Global age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 0·7% (0·4-1·2) in 1975 to 5·6% (4·8-6·5) in 2016 in girls, and from 0·9% (0·5-1·3) in 1975 to 7·8% (6·7-9·1) in 2016 in boys; the prevalence of moderate and severe underweight decreased from 9·2% (6·0-12·9) in 1975 to 8·4% (6·8-10·1) in 2016 in girls and from 14·8% (10·4-19·5) in 1975 to 12·4% (10·3-14·5) in 2016 in boys. Prevalence of moderate and severe underweight was highest in India, at 22·7% (16·7-29·6) among girls and 30·7% (23·5-38·0) among boys. Prevalence of obesity was more than 30% in girls in Nauru, the Cook Islands, and Palau; and boys in the Cook Islands, Nauru, Palau, Niue, and American Samoa in 2016. Prevalence of obesity was about 20% or more in several countries in Polynesia and Micronesia, the Middle East and north Africa, the Caribbean, and the USA. In 2016, 75 (44-117) million girls and 117 (70-178) million boys worldwide were moderately or severely underweight. In the same year, 50 (24-89) million girls and 74 (39-125) million boys worldwide were obese.

    INTERPRETATION: The rising trends in children's and adolescents' BMI have plateaued in many high-income countries, albeit at high levels, but have accelerated in parts of Asia, with trends no longer correlated with those of adults.

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  • 2. Abtan, Jeremie
    et al.
    Bhatt, Deepak L
    Held, Claes
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Simon, Tabassome
    Fox, Kim
    Mehta, Shamir R
    Harrington, Robert A
    Gao, Qi
    Leiter, Lawrence A
    Steg, Ph Gabriel
    Incidence of Myocardial Infarction Types in Patients Treated With Ticagrelor in the THEMIS Trial2021In: Circulation. Cardiovascular Interventions, ISSN 1941-7640, E-ISSN 1941-7632, Vol. 14, no 12, article id 011035Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 3. Achenbach, Stephan
    et al.
    Friedrich, Matthias G.
    Nagel, Eike
    Kramer, Christopher M.
    Kaufmann, Philip A.
    Farkhooy, Amir
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology.
    Dilsizian, Vasken
    Flachskampf, Frank A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    CV Imaging: What Was New in 2012?2013In: JACC Cardiovascular Imaging, ISSN 1936-878X, E-ISSN 1876-7591, Vol. 6, no 6, p. 714-734Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Echocardiography, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), cardiac magnetic resonance, and cardiac computed tomography can be used for anatomic and functional imaging of the heart. All 4 methods are subject to continuous improvement. Echocardiography benefits from the more widespread availability of 3-dimensional imaging, strain and strain rate analysis, and contrast applications. SPECT imaging continues to provide very valuable prognostic data, and PET imaging, on the one hand, permits quantification of coronary flow reserve, a strong prognostic predictor, and, on the other hand, can be used for molecular imaging, allowing the analysis of extremely small-scale functional alterations in the heart. Magnetic resonance is gaining increasing importance as a stress test, mainly through perfusion imaging, and continues to provide very valuable prognostic information based on late gadolinium enhancement. Magnetic resonance coronary angiography does not substantially contribute to clinical cardiology at this point in time. Computed tomography imaging of the heart mainly concentrates on the imaging of coronary artery lumen and plaque and has made substantial progress regarding outcome data. In this review, the current status of the 5 imaging techniques is illustrated by reviewing pertinent publications of the year 2012. 

  • 4. Ahl, Matilda
    et al.
    Avdic, Una
    Strandberg, Maria Compagno
    Chugh, Deepti
    Andersson, Emelie
    Hållmarker, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Department of Internal Medicine, Mora Hospital, Mora, Sweden.
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Deierborg, Tomas
    Ekdahl, Christine T
    Physical Activity Reduces Epilepsy Incidence: a Retrospective Cohort Study in Swedish Cross-Country Skiers and an Experimental Study in Seizure-Prone Synapsin II Knockout Mice2019In: Sports medicine - open, ISSN 2199-1170, Vol. 5, no 1, article id 52Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Epilepsy patients commonly exercise less than the general population. Animal studies indicate beneficial effects of physical activity in established epilepsy, while its effect on the development is currently less known.

    METHODS: Here, we investigated the incidence of epilepsy during 20 years in a cohort of participants from the long-distance Swedish cross-country ski race Vasaloppet (n = 197,685) and compared it to the incidence of non-participating-matched controls included in the Swedish population register (n = 197,684). Individuals diagnosed with diseases such as stroke and epilepsy before entering the race were excluded from both groups. Experimentally, we also determined how physical activity could affect the development of epilepsy in epilepsy-prone synapsin II knockout mice (SynIIKO), with and without free access to a running wheel.

    RESULTS: We identified up to 40-50% lower incidence of epilepsy in the Vasaloppet participants of all ages before retirement. A lower incidence of epilepsy in Vasaloppet participants was seen regardless of gender, education and occupation level compared to controls. The participants included both elite and recreational skiers, and in a previous survey, they have reported a higher exercise rate than the general Swedish population. Sub-analyses revealed a significantly lower incidence of epilepsy in participants with a faster compared to slower finishing time. Dividing participants according to specified epilepsy diagnoses revealed 40-50% decrease in focal and unspecified epilepsy, respectively, but no differences in generalized epilepsy. Voluntary exercise in seizure-prone SynIIKO mice for 1 month before predicted epilepsy development decreased seizure manifestation from > 70 to 40%. Brain tissue analyses following 1 month of exercise showed increased hippocampal neurogenesis (DCX-positive cells), while microglial (Iba1) and astrocytic activation (GFAP), neuronal Map2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor tyrosine receptor kinase B intensity were unaltered. Continued exercise for additionally 2 months after predicted seizure onset in SynIIKO mice resulted in a 5-fold reduction in seizure manifestation (from 90 to 20%), while 2 months of exercise initiated at the time of predicted seizure development gave no seizure relief, suggesting exercise-induced anti-epileptogenic rather than anti-convulsive effect.

    CONCLUSION: The clinical study and the experimental findings in mice indicate that physical activity may prevent or delay the development of epilepsy.

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  • 5.
    Aimo, Alberto
    et al.
    Univ Hosp Pisa, Cardiol Div, Pisa, Italy.
    Januzzi, James L., Jr.
    Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA;Baim Inst Clin Res, Boston, MA USA.
    Vergaro, Giuseppe
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Inst Life Sci, Pisa, Italy;Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Clerico, Aldo
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Inst Life Sci, Pisa, Italy;Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Latini, Roberto
    IRCCS, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Ist Ric Farmacolog Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
    Meessen, Jennifer
    IRCCS, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Ist Ric Farmacolog Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
    Anand, Inder S.
    Univ Minnesota, Div Cardiovasc Med, Minneapolis, MN USA;VA Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Minneapolis, MN USA.
    Cohn, Jay N.
    Univ Minnesota, Div Cardiovasc Med, Minneapolis, MN USA.
    Gravning, Jorgen
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Oslo, Norway;Univ Oslo, Ctr Heart Failure Res, Oslo, Norway.
    Ueland, Thor
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Rikshosp, Res Inst Internal Med, Oslo, Norway;Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway;Univ Tromso, KG Jebsen Thrombosis Res & Expertise Ctr, Tromso, Norway.
    Nymo, Stale H.
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Rikshosp, Res Inst Internal Med, Oslo, Norway.
    Brunner-La Rocca, Hans-Peter
    Maastricht Univ, Dept Cardiol, Med Ctr, Maastricht, Netherlands.
    Bayes-Genis, Antoni
    Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
    Lupon, Josep
    Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
    de Boer, Rudolf A.
    Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
    Yoshihisa, Akiomi
    Fukushima Med Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Fukushima, Japan.
    Takeishi, Yasuchika
    Fukushima Med Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Fukushima, Japan.
    Egstrup, Michael
    Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Rigshosp, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Gustafsson, Ida
    Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Rigshosp, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Gagging, Hanna K.
    Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA;Baim Inst Clin Res, Boston, MA USA.
    Eggers, Kai M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Huber, Kurt
    Wilhelminenspital & Sigmund Freud Univ, Fac Internal Med, Med Sch, Vienna, Austria.
    Tentzeris, Ioannis
    Wilhelminenspital & Sigmund Freud Univ, Fac Internal Med, Med Sch, Vienna, Austria.
    Ripoli, Andrea
    Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Passino, Claudio
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Inst Life Sci, Pisa, Italy;Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Emdin, Michele
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Inst Life Sci, Pisa, Italy;Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Revisiting the obesity paradox in heart failure: Per cent body fat as predictor of biomarkers and outcome2019In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, ISSN 2047-4873, E-ISSN 2047-4881, Vol. 26, no 16, p. 1751-1759Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims Obesity defined by body mass index (BMI) is characterized by better prognosis and lower plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in heart failure. We assessed whether another anthropometric measure, per cent body fat (PBF), reveals different associations with outcome and heart failure biomarkers (NT-proBNP, high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT), soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2 (sST2)). Methods In an individual patient dataset, BMI was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m) (2) , and PBF through the Jackson-Pollock and Gallagher equations. Results Out of 6468 patients (median 68 years, 78% men, 76% ischaemic heart failure, 90% reduced ejection fraction), 24% died over 2.2 years (1.5-2.9), 17% from cardiovascular death. Median PBF was 26.9% (22.4-33.0%) with the Jackson-Pollock equation, and 28.0% (23.8-33.5%) with the Gallagher equation, with an extremely strong correlation (r = 0.996, p < 0.001). Patients in the first PBF tertile had the worst prognosis, while patients in the second and third tertile had similar survival. The risks of all-cause and cardiovascular death decreased by up to 36% and 27%, respectively, per each doubling of PBF. Furthermore, prognosis was better in the second or third PBF tertiles than in the first tertile regardless of model variables. Both BMI and PBF were inverse predictors of NT-proBNP, but not hs-TnT. In obese patients (BMI >= 30 kg/m(2), third PBF tertile), hs-TnT and sST2, but not NT-proBNP, independently predicted outcome. Conclusion In parallel with increasing BMI or PBF there is an improvement in patient prognosis and a decrease in NT-proBNP, but not hs-TnT or sST2. hs-TnT or sST2 are stronger predictors of outcome than NT-proBNP among obese patients.

  • 6. Aimo, Alberto
    et al.
    Januzzi, James L
    Vergaro, Giuseppe
    Eggers, Kai M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Circulating levels and prognostic value of soluble ST2 in heart failure are less influenced by age than N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity troponin T2020In: European Journal of Heart Failure, ISSN 1388-9842, E-ISSN 1879-0844, Vol. 22, no 11, p. 2078-2088Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) and soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2 (sST2) predict outcome in chronic heart failure (HF). We assessed the influence of age on circulating levels and prognostic significance of these biomarkers. Methods and results Individual data from 5301 patients with chronic HF and NT-proBNP, hs-TnT, and sST2 data were evaluated. Patients were stratified according to age: <60 years (n = 1332, 25%), 60-69 years (n = 1628, 31%), 70-79 years (n = 1662, 31%), and >= 80 years (n = 679, 13%). Patients (median age 66 years, 75% men, median left ventricular ejection fraction 28%, 64% with ischaemic HF) had median NT-proBNP 1564 ng/L, hs-TnT 21 ng/L, and sST2 29 ng/mL. Age independently predicted NT-proBNP and hs-TnT, but not sST2. The best NT-proBNP and hs-TnT cut-offs for 1-year and 5-year all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and 1- to 12-month HF hospitalization increased with age, while the best sST2 cut-offs did not. When stratifying patients according to age- and outcome-specific cut-offs, this stratification yielded independent prognostic significance over NT-proBNP levels only, or the composite of NT-proBNP and hs-TnT, and improved risk prediction for most endpoints. Finally, absolute NT-proBNP, hs-TnT, and sST2 levels predicted outcomes independent of age, sex, left ventricular ejection fraction category, ethnic group, and other variables. Conclusions Soluble ST2 is less influenced by age than NT-proBNP or hs-TnT; all these biomarkers predict outcome regardless of age. The use of age- and outcome-specific cut-offs of NT-proBNP, hs-TnT and sST2 allows more accurate risk stratification than NT-proBNP alone or the combination of NT-proBNP and hs-TnT.

  • 7.
    Aimo, Alberto
    et al.
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy.
    Januzzi, James L
    Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Clin Res Inst, Boston, MA USA.
    Vergaro, Giuseppe
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy; Fdn Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Ripoli, Andrea
    Fdn Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Latini, Roberto
    IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Milan, Italy.
    Masson, Serge
    IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Milan, Italy.
    Magnoli, Michela
    IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Milan, Italy.
    Anand, Inder S
    Univ Minnesota, Div Cardiovasc Med, Minneapolis, MN, USA; VA Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Minneapolis, MN USA.
    Cohn, Jay N
    Univ Minnesota, Div Cardiovasc Med, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
    Tavazzi, Luigi
    ES Hlth Sci Fdn, GVM Hosp Care & Res, Cotignola, Italy.
    Tognoni, Gianni
    IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Milan, Italy.
    Gravning, Jørgen
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Ulleval, Norway; Univ Oslo, Ctr Heart Failure Res, Oslo, Norway.
    Ueland, Thor
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Rikshosp, Internal Med Res Inst, Oslo, Norway; Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway; Univ Tromso, Jebsen Thrombosis Res & Expertise Ctr, Tromso, Norway.
    Nymo, Ståle H
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Rikshosp, Internal Med Res Inst, Oslo, Norway.
    Brunner-La Rocca, Hans-Peter
    Maastricht Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Maastricht, Netherlands.
    Bayes-Genis, Antoni
    Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
    Lupón, Josep
    Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
    de Boer, Rudolf A
    Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
    Yoshihisa, Akiomi
    Fukushima Med Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Fukushima, Japan.
    Takeishi, Yasuchika
    Fukushima Med Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Fukushima, Japan.
    Egstrup, Michael
    Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Rigshosp, Dept Cardiol, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Gustafsson, Ida
    Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Rigshosp, Dept Cardiol, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Gaggin, Hanna K
    Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Clin Res Inst, Boston, MA, USA.
    Eggers, Kai M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Huber, Kurt
    Wilhelminenspital Stadt Wien, Fac Internal Med, Vienna, Austria; Sigmund Freud Univ, Med Sch, Vienna, Austria.
    Tentzeris, Ioannis
    Wilhelminenspital Stadt Wien, Fac Internal Med, Vienna, Austria; Sigmund Freud Univ, Med Sch, Vienna, Austria.
    Tang, Wai H.W.
    Cleveland Clin, Inst Heart & Vasc, Cleveland, OH, USA.
    Grodin, Justin
    Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Internal Med, Dallas, TX USA.
    Passino, Claudio
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy; Fdn Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Emdin, Michele
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy; Fdn Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Prognostic Value of High-Sensitivity Troponin T in Chronic Heart Failure: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis2018In: Circulation, ISSN 0009-7322, E-ISSN 1524-4539, Vol. 137, no 3, p. 286-297Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Most patients with chronic heart failure have detectable troponin concentrations when evaluated by high-sensitivity assays. The prognostic relevance of this finding has not been clearly established so far. We aimed to assess high-sensitivity troponin assay for risk stratification in chronic heart failure through a meta-analysis approach.

    Methods: Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched in April 2017 by 2 independent authors. The terms were “troponin” AND “heart failure” OR “cardiac failure” OR “cardiac dysfunction” OR “cardiac insufficiency” OR “left ventricular dysfunction.” Inclusion criteria were English language, clinical stability, use of a high-sensitivity troponin assay, follow-up studies, and availability of individual patient data after request to authors. Data retrieved from articles and provided by authors were used in agreement with the PRISMA statement. The end points were all-cause death, cardiovascular death, and hospitalization for cardiovascular cause.

    Results: Ten studies were included, reporting data on 11 cohorts and 9289 patients (age 66±12 years, 77% men, 60% ischemic heart failure, 85% with left ventricular ejection fraction <40%). High-sensitivity troponin T data were available for all patients, whereas only 209 patients also had high-sensitivity troponin I assayed. When added to a prognostic model including established risk markers (sex, age, ischemic versus nonischemic etiology, left ventricular ejection fraction, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and N-terminal fraction of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), high-sensitivity troponin T remained independently associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.41–1.55), cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.33–1.48), and cardiovascular hospitalization (hazard ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.36–1.49), over a median 2.4-year follow-up (all P<0.001). High-sensitivity troponin T significantly improved risk prediction when added to a prognostic model including the variables above. It also displayed an independent prognostic value for all outcomes in almost all population subgroups. The area under the curve–derived 18 ng/L cutoff yielded independent prognostic value for the 3 end points in both men and women, patients with either ischemic or nonischemic etiology, and across categories of renal dysfunction.

    Conclusions: In chronic heart failure, high-sensitivity troponin T is a strong and independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and of hospitalization for cardiovascular causes, as well. This biomarker then represents an additional tool for prognostic stratification.

  • 8.
    Aimo, Alberto
    et al.
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy.
    Januzzi, James L.
    Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Harvard Clin Res Inst, Boston, MA USA.
    Vergaro, Giuseppe
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy; Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Ripoli, Andrea
    Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Latini, Roberto
    IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Milan, Italy.
    Masson, Serge
    IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Milan, Italy.
    Magnoli, Michela
    IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Milan, Italy.
    Anand, Inder S.
    Univ Minnesota, Div Cardiovasc Med, Minneapolis, MN USA; VA Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Minneapolis, MN USA.
    Cohn, Jay N
    Univ Minnesota, Div Cardiovasc Med, Minneapolis, MN USA.
    Tavazzi, Luigi
    ES Hlth Sci Fdn, GVM Hosp Care & Res, Cotignola, Italy.
    Tognoni, Gianni
    IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Dept Cardiovasc Res, Milan, Italy.
    Gravning, Jørgen
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Oslo, Norway; Univ Oslo, Ctr Heart Failure Res, Oslo, Norway.
    Ueland, Thor
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Res Inst Internal Med, Rikshosp, Oslo, Norway; Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway; Univ Tromso, KG Jebsen Thrombosis Res & Expertise Ctr, Tromso, Norway .
    Nymo, Ståle H
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Res Inst Internal Med, Rikshosp, Oslo, Norway.
    Rocca, Hans-Peter Brunner-La
    Maastricht Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Maastricht, Netherland.
    Bayes-Genis, Antoni
    Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.
    Lupón, Josep
    Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.
    de Boer, Rudolf A.
    Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
    Yoshihisa, Akiomi
    Fukushima Med Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Fukushima, Japan.
    Takeishi, Yasuchika
    Fukushima Med Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Fukushima, Japan.
    Egstrup, Michael
    Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Rigshosp, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Gustafsson, Ida
    Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Rigshosp, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Gaggin, Hanna K.
    Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Harvard Clin Res Inst, Boston, MA USA.
    Eggers, Kai M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Huber, Kurt
    Wilhelminenspital Stadt Wien, Fac Internal Med, Vienna, Austria; Sigmund Freud Univ, Med Sch, Vienna, Austria.
    Tentzeris, Ioannis
    Wilhelminenspital Stadt Wien, Fac Internal Med, Vienna, Austria; Sigmund Freud Univ, Med Sch, Vienna, Austria.
    Wilson Tang, W. H.
    Cleveland Clin, Heart & Vasc Inst, Cleveland, OH USA.
    Grodin, Justin L
    Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Internal Med, Div Cardiol, Dallas, TX USA.
    Passino, Claudio
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy; Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    Emdin, Michele
    Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy; Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
    High-sensitivity troponin T, NT-proBNP and glomerular filtration rate: A multimarker strategy for risk stratification in chronic heart failure2019In: International Journal of Cardiology, ISSN 0167-5273, E-ISSN 1874-1754, Vol. 277, p. 166-172, article id S0167-5273(18)32769-4Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In a recent individual patient data meta-analysis, high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) emerged as robust predictor of prognosis in stable chronic heart failure (HF). In the same population, we compared the relative predictive performances of hs-TnT, N-terminal fraction of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), hs-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for prognosis.

    Methods and results: 9289 patients (66 ± 12 years, 77% men, 85% LVEF <40%, 60% ischemic HF) were evaluated over a 2.4-year median follow-up. Median eGFR was 58 mL/min/1.73 m2 (interquartile interval 46–70; n = 9220), hs-TnT 16 ng/L (8–20; n = 9289), NT-proBNP 1067 ng/L (433–2470; n = 8845), and hs-CRP 3.3 mg/L (1.4–7.8; n = 7083). In a model including all 3 biomarkers, only hs-TnT and NT-proBNP were independent predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular hospitalization. hs-TnT was a stronger predictor than NT-proBNP: for example, the risk for all-cause death increased by 54% per doubling of hs-TnT vs. 24% per doubling of NT-proBNP. eGFR showed independent prognostic value from both hs-TnT and NT-proBNP. The best hs-TnT and NT-proBNP cut-offs for the prediction of all-cause death increased progressively with declining renal function (eGFR ≥ 90: hs-TnT 13 ng/L and NT-proBNP 825 ng/L; eGFR < 30: hs-TnT 40 ng/L and NT-proBNP 4608 ng/L). Patient categorization according to these cut-offs effectively stratified patient prognosis across all eGFR classes.

    Conclusions: hs-TnT conveys independent prognostic information from NT-proBNP, while hs-CRP does not. Concomitant assessment of eGFR may further refine risk stratification. Patient classification according to hs-TnT and NT-proBNP cut-offs specific for the eGFR classes holds prognostic significance.

  • 9.
    Akhter, Tansim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Gynecological endocrinology.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics.
    Larsson, Marita
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Biochemial structure and function.
    Wikström, Gerhard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Naessén, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Gynecological endocrinology.
    Association between angiogenic factors and signs of arterial aging in women with pre-eclampsia2017In: Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, ISSN 0960-7692, E-ISSN 1469-0705, Vol. 50, p. 93-99Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. In PE there is a substantial increase in levels of the anti-angiogenic factor soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt1) and decreased levels of the pro-angiogenic factor placental growth factor (PlGF). Elevated levels of sFlt1 are also found in individuals with CVD. The aims of this study were to assess sFlt1, PlGF and the sFlt1/PlGF ratio and their correlation with signs of arterial aging by measuring common carotid artery (CCA) intima and media thicknesses and their ratio (I/M ratio) in women with and without PE.

    METHODS: Serum sFlt1 and PlGF levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, and CCA intima and media thicknesses were estimated using high-frequency (22 MHz) ultrasonography in 55 women at PE diagnosis and 64 women with normal pregnancies at a similar gestational age, with reassessment one year postpartum. A thick intima, thin media and a high I/M ratio indicate a less healthy arterial wall.

    RESULTS: During pregnancy, higher levels of sFlt1, lower levels of PlGF and thicker intima, thinner media and higher I/M ratios were found in women with PE vs. controls (all p < 0.0001). Further, sFlt1 and the sFlt1/PlGF ratio were positively correlated with intima thickness and I/M ratio (all p < 0.0001), but negatively correlated with media thickness (p = 0.002 and 0.03, respectively). About one year postpartum, levels of sFlt1 and the sFlt1/PlGF ratio had decreased in both groups, but compared with controls women in the PE group still had higher levels (p = 0.001 and 0.02, respectively). Further, sFlt1 levels and the sFlt1/PlGF ratio were still positively correlated with intima thickness and I/M ratio.

    CONCLUSIONS: Higher sFlt1 levels and sFlt1/PlGF ratios in women with PE were positively associated with signs of arterial aging during pregnancy. About one year postpartum sFlt1 levels and the sFlt1/PlGF ratios were still higher in the PE group, and also associated with the degree of arterial aging.

  • 10.
    Akhter, Tansim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Gynecological endocrinology.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics. Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Larsson, Marita
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Wikström, Gerhard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Naessén, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Gynecological endocrinology.
    Serum Pentraxin 3 is associated with signs of arterial alteration in women with preeclampsia.2017In: International Journal of Cardiology, ISSN 0167-5273, E-ISSN 1874-1754, Vol. 241, p. 417-422Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE) in pregnancy is a state of exaggerated inflammation and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a novel inflammation marker, are increased during PE and in individuals with CVD. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether serum PTX3 in women with PE is associated with adverse arterial effects; a thicker intima and higher intima/media (I/M) ratio in the common carotid artery (CCA).

    METHODS: Serum PTX3 levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, and individual CCA intima and media thicknesses were estimated by 22MHz non-invasive ultrasound in 55 women at PE diagnosis and 64 women with normal pregnancies at a similar gestational age, and about one year postpartum. A thick intima, thin media and high I/M ratio indicate a less healthy artery wall.

    RESULTS: During pregnancy serum PTX3 correlated positively with intima thickness and I/M ratio but negatively with media thickness (all p<0.0001), indicating adverse arterial effects. About one year postpartum, PTX3 levels had decreased in both groups and there remained no significant group difference or significant correlation with CCA wall layers.

    CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of serum PTX3 in women with PE were significantly associated with signs of adverse arterial effects during pregnancy, but not one year postpartum, supporting the rapid dynamics of PTX3.

  • 11.
    Akhter, Tansim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Wikström, Gerhard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Larsson, Margareta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Bondesson, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Hedeland, Mikael
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Naessén, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Dimethylarginines correlate to common carotid artery wall layer dimensions and cardiovascular risk factors in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia2018In: Atherosclerosis, ISSN 0021-9150, E-ISSN 1879-1484, Vol. 275, p. E69-E70Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 12.
    Akhter, Tansim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics.
    Wikström, Gerhard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR).
    Larsson, Marita
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive biology.
    Bondesson, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Natl Vet Inst SVA, Dept Chem Environm & Feed Hyg, Uppsala, Sweden.;Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Chem, Analyt Pharmaceut Chem, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Hedeland, Mikael
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Natl Vet Inst SVA, Dept Chem Environm & Feed Hyg, Uppsala, Sweden.;Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Chem, Analyt Pharmaceut Chem, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Naessén, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive biology.
    Dimethylarginines correlate to common carotid artery wall layer dimensions and cardiovascular risk factors in pregnant women with/without preeclampsia: A group comparative study2021In: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, ISSN 0301-2115, E-ISSN 1872-7654, Vol. 258, p. 288-293Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: Asymmetric- and symmetric dimethylarginines (ADMA, SDMA) are elevated in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome and is an independent risk factor for subsequent CVD. Aims were to investigate whether ADMA, SDMA levels and L-arginine/ADMA and I.arginine/SDMA ratios during pregnancy and their changes from pregnancy to postpartum are associated to arterial wall layer dimensions and cardiovascular risk factors in women with and without preeclampsia. Study design: Dimethylarginines were analyzed by LC-MS, and the common-carotid-artery (CCA) intima and media thicknesses were estimated using 22-MHz non-invasive ultrasonography in women with preeclampsia (cases = 48) and normal pregnancies (controls = 58) in similar gestational age, with reassessment one-year postpartum. A thick intima, thin media and high intima/media ratio (I/M) indicates a less healthy arterial wall. Results: The median age of cases and controls was 30 years. During pregnancy, women with preeclampsia had higher plasma ADMA, SDMA and lower t-arginine/ADMA and L-arginine/SDMA (all p <0.01) than women with normal pregnancies. Further, ADMA, SDMA, L-arginine/ADMA and L-arginine/SDMA correlated to intima thickness (r(s) = 0.33/0.33/-0.33/-0.35 and p <0.01), UM (r(s) = 0.26/0.28/-0.22/-0.26 and p <0.05) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (rs = 0.43/0.42/-0.39/-0.40 and p <0.0001). Changes in ADMA, SDMA and t-arginine/SDMA from pregnancy to postpartum correlated to changes in intima thickness (r(s) = 0.22/0.32/-0.21 and p < 0.05/<0.01/<0.05), I/M (r(s) = 0.22/0.31/0.08 and p < 0.05/<0.01/=0.43) and MAP (r(s) = 0.31/0.53/-0.25 and p < 0.01/<0.001/<0.05). No correlations were found for conventional CCA intima-media-thickness. Conclusions: Dimethylarginines were associated to signs of adverse effects on arterial wall layer dimensions and cardiovascular risk factors in women with and without preeclampsia, during pregnancy and to their changes from pregnancy up to one-year postpartum. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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  • 13.
    Aktaa, Suleman
    et al.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Cardiovasc & Metab Med, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.;Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Data Analyt, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.;Leeds Teaching Hosp NHS Trust, Dept Cardiol, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
    Batra, Gorav
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Cleland, John G. F.
    Univ Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirm, Robertson Ctr Biostat, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland.;Univ Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirm, Glasgow Clin Trials Unit, Inst Hlth & Wellbeing, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland.;Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London, England.
    Coats, Andrew
    Univ Warwick, Coventry, W Midlands, England.;European Soc Cardiol, Heart Failure Assoc, Brussels, Belgium.
    Lund, Lars H.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Unit Cardiol, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Univ Hosp, Heart & Vasc Theme, Stockholm, Sweden.
    McDonagh, Theresa
    Kings Coll Hosp London, Dept Cardiol, Denmark Hill, London, England.;Kings Coll London, British Heart Fdn, Ctr Excellence, Sch Cardiovasc Med & Sci, London, England.
    Rosano, Giuseppe
    St Georges Hosp NHS Trust Univ London, Cardiovasc Clin Acad Grp, London, England.;IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
    Seferovic, Petar
    Univ Belgrade, Serbian Acad Sci & Arts, Fac Med, Heart Failure Ctr,Med Ctr, Belgrade, Serbia.
    Vasko, Peter
    Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Linköping, Sweden.;SWEDEHEART Swedish Web Syst Enhancement & Dev Evi, Växjö, Sweden.;SwedeHF Swedish Heart Failure Registry, Växjö, Sweden.
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Maggioni, Aldo P.
    Natl Assoc Hosp Cardiologists Res Ctr ANMCO, Florence, Italy.
    Casadei, Barbara
    Univ Oxford, NIHR Oxford Biomed Res Ctr, Div Cardiovasc Med, Oxford, England.
    Gale, Chris P.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Cardiovasc & Metab Med, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.;Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Data Analyt, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.;Leeds Teaching Hosp NHS Trust, Dept Cardiol, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
    Data standards for heart failure: the European Unified Registries for Heart Care Evaluation and Randomized Trials (EuroHeart)2022In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 43, no 23, p. 2185-+Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Standardized data definitions are essential for assessing the quality of care and patient outcomes in observational studies and randomized controlled trials. The European Unified Registries for Heart Care Evaluation and Randomized Trials (EuroHeart) project of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) aims to create contemporary pan-European data standards for cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF). We followed the EuroHeart methodology for cardiovascular data standard development. A Working Group including experts in HF registries, representatives from the Heart Failure Association of the ESC, and the EuroHeart was formed. Using Embase and Medline (2016-21), we conducted a systematic review of the literature on data standards, registries, and trials to identify variables pertinent to HF. A modified Delphi method was used to reach a consensus on the final set of variables. For each variable, the Working Group developed data definitions and agreed on whether it was mandatory (Level 1) or additional (Level 2). In total, 84 Level 1 and 79 Level 2 variables were selected for nine domains of HF care. These variables were reviewed by an international Reference Group with the Level 1 variables providing the dataset for registration of patients with HF on the EuroHeart IT platform. By means of a structured process and interaction with international stakeholders, harmonized data standards for HF have been developed. In the context of the EuroHeart, this will facilitate quality improvement, international observational research, registry-based randomized trials, and post-marketing surveillance of devices and pharmacotherapies across Europe.

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  • 14. Aktaa, Suleman
    et al.
    Batra, Gorav
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Blackman, Daniel J
    Ludman, Peter F
    Mamas, Mamas A
    Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed
    Angelini, Gianni D
    Czerny, Martin
    Delgado, Victoria
    De Luca, Giuseppe
    Eustachio, Agricola
    Foldager, Dan
    Hamm, Christian W
    Iung, Bernard
    Mangner, Norman
    Mehilli, Julinda
    Murphy, Gavin J
    Mylotte, Darren
    Parma, Radoslaw
    Petronio, Anna Sonia
    Popescu, Bodgan A
    Sondergaard, Lars
    Teles, Rui C
    Sabaté, Manel
    Terkelsen, Christian J
    Testa, Luca
    Wu, Jianhua
    Maggioni, Aldo P
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Casadei, Barbara
    Gale, Chris P
    Data standards for transcatheter aortic valve implantation: the European Unified Registries for Heart Care Evaluation and Randomised Trials (EuroHeart).2023In: European Heart Journal - Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes, ISSN 2058-5225, E-ISSN 2058-1742, Vol. 9, no 5, p. 529-536, article id qcac063Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS: Standardized data definitions are necessary for the quantification of quality of care and patient outcomes in observational studies and randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The European Unified Registries for Heart Care Evaluation and Randomised Trials (EuroHeart) project of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) aims to create pan-European data standards for cardiovascular diseases and interventions, including transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

    METHODS AND RESULTS: We followed the EuroHeart methodology for cardiovascular data standard development. A Working Group of 29 members representing 12 countries was established and included a patient representative, as well as experts in the management of valvular heart disease from the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI), the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) and the Working Group on Cardiovascular Surgery. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and used a modified Delphi method to reach consensus on a final set of variables. For each variable, the Working Group provided a definition, permissible values and categorized the variable as mandatory (Level 1) or additional (Level 2) based on its clinical importance and feasibility. In total, 93 Level 1 and 113 Level 2 variables were selected, with the level 1 variables providing the dataset for registration of patients undergoing TAVI on the EuroHeart IT platform.

    CONCLUSION: This document provides details of the EuroHeart data standards for TAVI processes of care and in-hospital outcomes. In the context of EuroHeart, this will facilitate quality improvement, observational research, registry-based RCTs and post-marketing surveillance of devices and pharmacotherapies.

  • 15. Aktaa, Suleman
    et al.
    Batra, Gorav
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Baigent, Colin
    Erlinge, David
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Ludman, Peter
    Maggioni, Aldo P.
    Price, Susanna
    Weston, Clive
    Casadei, Barbara
    Gale, Chris P.
    European Society of Cardiology methodology for the development of quality indicators for the quantification of cardiovascular care and outcomes2022In: European Heart Journal - Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes, ISSN 2058-5225, E-ISSN 2058-1742, Vol. 8, no 1, p. 4-13Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS: It is increasingly recognised that tools are required for assessing and benchmarking quality of care in order to improve it. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) is developing a suite of quality indicators (QIs) to evaluate cardiovascular care and support the delivery of evidence-based care. This paper describes the methodology used for their development.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: We propose a four-step process for the development of the ESC QIs. For a specific clinical area with a gap in care delivery, the QI development process includes: 1) the identification of key domains of care by constructing a conceptual framework of care; 2) the construction of candidate QIs by conducting a systematic review of the literature; 3) the selection of a final set of QIs by obtaining expert opinions using the modified Delphi method; and 4) the undertaking of a feasibility assessment by evaluating different ways of defining the QI specifications for the proposed data collection source. For each of the four steps, key methodological areas need to be addressed to inform the implementation process and avoid misinterpretation of the measurement results.

    CONCLUSION: Detailing the methodology for the ESC QIs construction enables healthcare providers to develop valid and feasible metrics to measure and improve the quality of cardiovascular care. As such, high-quality evidence may be translated into clinical practice and the 'evidence-practice' gap closed.

  • 16.
    Alabas, O. A.
    et al.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England..
    Rutherford, M.
    Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England..
    Hall, M.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England..
    Szummer, K.
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Med H7, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Gale, C. P.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England..
    Jernberg, T.
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Med H7, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lower long term relative survival and higher excess mortality in women and in elderly after acute myocardial infarction: a national cohort study using 180,368 cases from the SWEDEHEART registry2016In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 37, no Suppl. 1, p. 1385-1385Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 17.
    Alabas, Oras A.
    et al.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Cardiovasc & Metab Med, Bioinformat Ctr, MRC, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England..
    Gale, Chris P.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Cardiovasc & Metab Med, Bioinformat Ctr, MRC, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.;York Teaching Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Cardiol, York, N Yorkshire, England..
    Hall, Marlous
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Cardiovasc & Metab Med, Bioinformat Ctr, MRC, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England..
    Rutherford, Mark J.
    Univ Leicester, Dept Hlth Sci, Leicester, Leics, England..
    Szummer, Karolina
    Dept Med, Huddinge, Sweden..
    Lawesson, Sofia Sederholm
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Cardiol, Linkoping, Sweden.;Linkoping Univ, Dept Med & Hlth Sci, Linkoping, Sweden..
    Alfredsson, Joakim
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Cardiol, Linkoping, Sweden.;Linkoping Univ, Dept Med & Hlth Sci, Linkoping, Sweden..
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Karolinska Inst, Danderyds Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sex Differences in Treatments, Relative Survival, and Excess Mortality Following Acute Myocardial Infarction: National Cohort Study Using the SWEDEHEART Registry2017In: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, ISSN 2047-9980, E-ISSN 2047-9980, Vol. 6, no 12, article id e007123Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background - This study assessed sex differences in treatments, all-cause mortality, relative survival, and excess mortality following acute myocardial infarction.

    Methods and Results - A population-based cohort of all hospitals providing acute myocardial infarction care in Sweden (SWEDEHEART [Swedish Web System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies]) from 2003 to 2013 was included in the analysis. Excess mortality rate ratios (EMRRs), adjusted for clinical characteristics and guideline-indicated treatments after matching by age, sex, and year to background mortality data, were estimated. Although there were no sex differences in all-cause mortality adjusted for age, year of hospitalization, and comorbidities for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI at 1 year (mortality rate ratio: 1.01 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.96-1.05] and 0.97 [95% CI, 0.95-.99], respectively) and 5 years (mortality rate ratio: 1.03 [95% CI, 0.99-1.07] and 0.97 [95% CI, 0.95-.99], respectively), excess mortality was higher among women compared with men for STEMI and non-STEMI at 1 year (EMRR: 1.89 [95% CI, 1.66-2.16] and 1.20 [95% CI, 1.16-1.24], respectively) and 5 years (EMRR: 1.60 [95% CI, 1.48-1.72] and 1.26 [95% CI, 1.21-1.32], respectively). After further adjustment for the use of guideline-indicated treatments, excess mortality among women with non-STEMI was not significant at 1 year (EMRR: 1.01 [95% CI, 0.97-1.04]) and slightly higher at 5 years (EMRR: 1.07 [95% CI, 1.02-1.12]). For STEMI, adjustment for treatments attenuated the excess mortality for women at 1 year (EMRR: 1.43 [95% CI, 1.26-1.62]) and 5 years (EMRR: 1.31 [95% CI, 1.19-1.43]).

    Conclusions - Women with acute myocardial infarction did not have statistically different all-cause mortality, but had higher excess mortality compared with men that was attenuated after adjustment for the use of guideline-indicated treatments. This suggests that improved adherence to guideline recommendations for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction may reduce premature cardiovascular death among women.

  • 18.
    Alabas, Oras A.
    et al.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Rheumat & Musculoskeletal Med, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pujades-Rodriguez, Mar
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Hlth Sci, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
    Rutherford, Mark J.
    Univ Leicester, Dept Hlth Sci, Leicester, Leics, England.
    West, Robert M.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Hlth Sci, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
    Hall, Marlous
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Cardiovasc & Metab Med, Leeds, W Yorkshire, Sweden.
    Timmis, Adam
    Barts Heart Ctr, Dept Cardiol, London, England.
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Fox, Keith A. A.
    Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Cardiovasc Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
    Hemingway, Harry
    UCL, Hlth Data Res UK London, London, England;UCL, Inst Hlth Informat, London, England;UCL, Natl Inst Hlth Res, Univ Coll London Hosp, Biomed Res Ctr, London, England.
    Gale, Chris P.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Cardiovasc & Metab Med, Leeds, W Yorkshire, Sweden;Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Data Analyt, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
    Statistics on mortality following acute myocardial infarction in 842 897 Europeans2020In: Cardiovascular Research, ISSN 0008-6363, E-ISSN 1755-3245, Vol. 116, no 1, p. 149-157Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: To compare ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) mortality between Sweden and the UK, adjusting for background population rates of expected death, case mix, and treatments.

    Methods and results: National data were collected from hospitals in Sweden [n = 73 hospitals, 180 368 patients, Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART)] and the UK [n = 247, 662 529 patients, Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP)] between 2003 and 2013. There were lower rates of revascularization [STEMI (43.8% vs. 74.9%); NSTEMI (27.5% vs. 43.6%)] and pharmacotherapies at time of hospital discharge including [aspirin (82.9% vs. 90.2%) and (79.9% vs. 88.0%), beta-blockers (73.4% vs. 86.4%) and (65.3% vs. 85.1%)] in the UK compared with Sweden, respectively. Standardized net probability of death (NPD) between admission and 1 month was higher in the UK for STEMI [8.0 (95% confidence interval 7.4-8.5) vs. 6.7 (6.5-6.9)] and NSTEMI [6.8 (6.4-7.2) vs. 4.9 (4.7-5.0)]. Between 6 months and 1 year and more than 1 year, NPD remained higher in the UK for NSTEMI [2.9 (2.5-3.3) vs. 2.3 (2.2-2.5)] and [21.4 (20.0-22.8) vs. 18.3 (17.6-19.0)], but was similar for STEMI [0.7 (0.4-1.0) vs. 0.9 (0.7-1.0)] and [8.4 (6.7-10.1) vs. 8.3 (7.5-9.1)].

    Conclusion: Short-term mortality following STEMI and NSTEMI was higher in the UK compared with Sweden. Mid- and longer-term mortality remained higher in the UK for NSTEMI but was similar for STEMI. Differences in mortality may be due to differential use of guideline-indicated treatments.

  • 19.
    Alassaad, Anna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical pharmacogenomics and osteoporosis.
    Bertilsson, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Gillespie, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Hammarlund-Udenaes, Margareta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Melhus, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical pharmacogenomics and osteoporosis.
    The effects of pharmacist intervention on emergency department visits in patients 80 years and older: subgroup analyses by number of prescribed drugs and appropriate prescribing2014In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 9, no 11, p. e111797-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Clinical pharmacist interventions have been shown to have positive effect on occurrence of drug-related issues as well as on clinical outcomes. However, evidence about which patients benefiting most from the interventions is limited. We aimed to explore whether pharmacist intervention is equally effective in preventing emergency department (ED) visits in patients with few or many prescribed drugs and in those with different levels of inappropriate prescribing. Methods: Patient and outcome data from a randomized controlled trial exploring the clinical effects of a ward-based pharmacist intervention in patients, 80 years and older, were used. The patients were divided into subgroups according to the number of prescribed drugs (< 5 or >= 5 drugs) and the level of inappropriate prescribing [using the Screening Tool Of Older People's potentially inappropriate Prescriptions (STOPP) and the Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (START) with a score of >= 2 (STOPP) and >= 1 (START) as cutoff points]. The effect of the intervention on the number of times the different subgroups visited the ED was analyzed. Results: The pharmacist intervention was more effective with respect to the number of subsequent ED visits in patients taking < 5 drugs on admission than in those taking >= 5 drugs. The rate ratio (RR) for a subsequent ED visit was 0.22 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09-0.52] for,5 drugs and 0.70 (95% CI 0.47-1.04) for >= 5 drugs (p = 0.02 for the interaction). The effect of intervention did not differ between patients with high or low STOPP or START scores. Conclusion: In this exploratory study, the pharmacist intervention appeared to be more effective in preventing visits to the ED for patients who were taking fewer drugs before the intervention. Our analysis of STOPP and START scores indicated that the level of inappropriate prescribing on admission had no effect on the outcomes of intervention with respect to ED visits.

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  • 20.
    Alassaad, Anna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical pharmacogenomics and osteoporosis.
    Melhus, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical pharmacogenomics and osteoporosis.
    Hammarlund-Udenaes, Margareta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Bertilsson, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Gillespie, Ulrika
    Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    A tool for prediction of risk of rehospitalisation and mortality in the hospitalised elderly: secondary analysis of clinical trial data2015In: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 5, no 2, article id e007259Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: To construct and internally validate a risk score, the '80+ score', for revisits to hospital and mortality for older patients, incorporating aspects of pharmacotherapy. Our secondary aim was to compare the discriminatory ability of the score with that of three validated tools for measuring inappropriate prescribing: Screening Tool of Older Person's Prescriptions (STOPP), Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (START) and Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI). Setting: Two acute internal medicine wards at Uppsala University hospital. Patient data were used from a randomised controlled trial investigating the effects of a comprehensive clinical pharmacist intervention. Participants: Data from 368 patients, aged 80 years and older, admitted to one of the study wards. Primary outcome measure: Time to rehospitalisation or death during the year after discharge from hospital. Candidate variables were selected among a large number of clinical and drug-specific variables. After a selection process, a score for risk estimation was constructed. The 80+ score was internally validated, and the discriminatory ability of the score and of STOPP, START and MAI was assessed using C-statistics. Results: Seven variables were selected. Impaired renal function, pulmonary disease, malignant disease, living in a nursing home, being prescribed an opioid or being prescribed a drug for peptic ulcer or gastroesophageal reflux disease were associated with an increased risk, while being prescribed an antidepressant drug (tricyclic antidepressants not included) was linked to a lower risk of the outcome. These variables made up the components of the 80+ score. The C-statistics were 0.71 (80+), 0.57 (STOPP), 0.54 (START) and 0.63 (MAI). Conclusions: We developed and internally validated a score for prediction of risk of rehospitalisation and mortality in hospitalised older people. The score discriminated risk better than available tools for inappropriate prescribing. Pending external validation, this score can aid in clinical identification of high-risk patients and targeting of interventions.

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  • 21.
    Alexander, J.
    et al.
    Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA..
    Andersson, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Lopes, R. D.
    Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA..
    Hijazi, Ziad
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Cardiol, Uppsala, Sweden.;Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Hohnloser, S. H.
    Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Div Cardiac Electrophysiol, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany..
    Ezekowitz, J.
    Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada..
    Halvorsen, S.
    Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Oslo, Norway..
    Hanna, M.
    Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Princeton, NJ USA..
    Granger, C. B.
    Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA..
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Stroke and bleeding outcomes with apixaban versus warfarin in patients with high creatinine, low body weight or high age receiving standard dose apixaban for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation2015In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 36, no Suppl. 1, p. 345-345Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 22. Alexander, Karen P
    et al.
    Brouwer, Marc A
    Mulder, Hillary
    Vinereanu, Dragos
    Lopes, Renato D
    Proietti, Marco
    Al-Khatib, Sana M
    Hijazi, Ziad
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Halvorsen, Sigrun
    Hylek, Elaine M
    Verheugt, Freek W A
    Alexander, John H
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Granger, Christopher B
    Outcomes of apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and multi-morbidity: Insights from the ARISTOTLE trial2019In: American Heart Journal, ISSN 0002-8703, E-ISSN 1097-6744, Vol. 208, p. 123-131, article id S0002-8703(18)30296-5Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) often have multi-morbidity, defined as ≥3 comorbid conditions. Multi-morbidity is associated with polypharmacy, adverse events, and frailty potentially altering response to anticoagulation. We sought to describe the prevalence of multi-morbidity among older patients with AF and determine the association between multi-morbidity, clinical outcomes, and the efficacy and safety of apixaban compared with warfarin.

    METHODS: In this post-hoc subgroup analysis of the ARISTOTLE trial, we studied enrolled patients age ≥ 55 years (n = 16,800). Patients were categorized by the number of comorbid conditions at baseline: no multi-morbidity (0-2 comorbid conditions), moderate multi-morbidity (3-5 comorbid conditions), and high multi-morbidity (≥6 comorbid conditions). Association between multi-morbidity and clinical outcomes were analyzed by treatment with a median follow-up of 1.8 (1.3-2.3) years.

    RESULTS: Multi-morbidity was present in 64% (n = 10,713) of patients; 51% (n = 8491) had moderate multi-morbidity, 13% (n = 2222) had high multi-morbidity, and 36% (n = 6087) had no multi-morbidity. Compared with the no multi-morbidity group, the high multi-morbidity group was older (74 vs 69 years), took twice as many medications (10 vs 5), and had higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores (4.9 vs 2.7) (all P < .001). Adjusted rates per 100 patient-years for stroke/systemic embolism, death, and major bleeding increased with multi-morbidity (Reference no multi-morbidity; moderate multi-morbidity 1.42 [1.24-1.64] and high multi-morbidity 1.92 [1.59-2.31]), with no interaction in relation to efficacy or safety of apixaban.

    CONCLUSIONS: Multi-morbidity is prevalent among the population with AF; efficacy and safety of apixaban is preserved in this subgroup supporting extension of trial results to the most complex AF patients.

  • 23.
    Alexander, Karen P.
    et al.
    Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA.;Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27710 USA..
    Weisz, Giora
    Shaare Zedek Med Ctr, Jerusalem, Israel.;Cardiovasc Res Fdn, New York, NY USA..
    Prather, Kristi
    Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA.;Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27710 USA..
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Mark, Daniel B.
    Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA.;Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27710 USA..
    Anstrom, Kevin J.
    Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA.;Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27710 USA..
    Davidson-Ray, Linda
    Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA.;Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27710 USA..
    Witkowski, Adam
    Inst Cardiol, Dept Intervent Cardiol & Angiol, Warsaw, Poland..
    Mulkay, Angel J.
    Holy Name Med Ctr, Hackensack, NJ USA..
    Osmukhina, Anna
    Gilead Sci Inc, Foster City, CA 94404 USA..
    Farzaneh-Far, Ramin
    Gilead Sci Inc, Foster City, CA 94404 USA..
    Ben-Yehuda, Ori
    Cardiovasc Res Fdn, New York, NY USA.;Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York Presbyterian Hosp, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Stone, Gregg W.
    Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York Presbyterian Hosp, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Ohman, E. Magnus
    Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA.;Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27710 USA..
    Effects of Ranolazine on Angina and Quality of Life After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Incomplete Revascularization Results From the Ranolazine for Incomplete Vessel Revascularization (RIVER-PCI) Trial2016In: Circulation, ISSN 0009-7322, E-ISSN 1524-4539, Vol. 133, no 1, p. 39-47Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Angina often persists or returns in populations following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We hypothesized that ranolazine would be effective in reducing angina and improving quality of life (QOL) in incomplete revascularization (ICR) post-PCI patients. Methods and Results In RIVER-PCI, 2604 patients with a history of chronic angina who had ICR post-PCI were randomized 1:1 to oral ranolazine versus placebo; QOL analyses included 2389 randomized subjects. Angina and QOL questionnaires were collected at baseline and months 1, 6, and 12. Ranolazine patients were more likely than placebo to discontinue study drug by month 6 (20.4% versus 14.1%, P<0.001) and 12 (27.2% versus 21.3%, P<0.001). Following qualifying index PCI, the primary QOL outcome (Seattle Angina Questionnaire [SAQ] angina frequency score) improved markedly, but similarly, in the ranolazine and placebo groups, respectively, from baseline (67.324.5 versus 69.724.0, P=0.01) to month 1 (86.6 +/- 18.1 versus 85.8 +/- 18.5, P=0.27) and month 12 (88.4 +/- 17.8 versus 88.5 +/- 17.8, P=0.94). SAQ angina frequency repeated measures did not differ in adjusted analysis between groups post baseline (mean difference 1.0; 95% CI -0.2, 2.2; P=0.11). Improvement in SAQ angina frequency was observed with ranolazine at month 6 among diabetics (mean difference 3.3; 95% CI 0.6, 6.1; P=0.02) and those with more angina (baseline SAQ angina frequency 60; mean difference 3.4; 95% CI 0.6, 6.2; P=0.02), but was not maintained at month 12. Conclusions Despite ICR following PCI, there was no incremental benefit in angina or QOL measures by adding ranolazine in this angiographically-identified population. These measures markedly improved within 1 month of PCI and persisted up to 1 year in both treatment arms. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01442038.

  • 24.
    Alfredsson, Jenny
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Edén, Desirée
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Christersson, Christina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Åberg, Mikael
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Siegbahn, Agneta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    miR-223-3p regulates post-transcriptional tissue factor gene expression in human monocytic cellsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 25. Alfredsson, Joakim
    et al.
    Clayton, Tim
    Damman, Peter
    Fox, Keith A. A.
    Fredriksson, Mats
    Lagerqvist, Bo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    de Winter, Robbert J.
    Swahn, Eva
    Impact of an invasive strategy on 5 years outcome in men and women with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes2014In: American Heart Journal, ISSN 0002-8703, E-ISSN 1097-6744, Vol. 168, no 4, p. 522-529Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background A routine invasive (RI) strategy in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE ACS) has been associated with better outcome compared with a selective invasive (SI) strategy in men, but results in women have yielded disparate results. The aim of this study was to assess gender differences in long-term outcome with an SI compared with an RI strategy in NSTE ACS. Methods Individual patient data were obtained from the FRISC II trial, ICTUS trial, and RITA 3 trial for a collaborative meta-analysis. Results Men treated with an RI strategy had significantly lower rate of the primary outcome 5-year cardiovascular (CV) death/myocardial infarction (MI) compared with men treated with an SI strategy (15.6% vs 19.8%, P = .001); risk-adjusted hazards ratio (HR) 0.73 (95% CI 0.63-0.86). In contrast, there was little impact of an RI compared with an SI strategy on the primary outcome among women (16.5% vs 15.1%, P = .324); risk-adjusted HR 1.13 (95% CI 0.89-1.43), interaction P = .01. For the individual components of the primary outcome, a similar pattern was seen with lower rate of MI (adjusted HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.57-0.83) and CV death (adjusted HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.56-0.89) in men but without obvious difference in women in MI (adjusted HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.85-1.50) or CV death (adjusted HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.68-1.39). Conclusions In this meta-analysis comparing an SI and RI strategy, benefit from an RI strategy during long-term follow-up was confirmed in men. Conversely, in women, there was no evidence of benefit.

  • 26.
    Alfredsson, Joakim
    et al.
    Linköping Univ, Dept Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol, Linköping, Sweden..
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology. Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Cardiol, Uppsala, Sweden.;Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Erlinge, David
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Cardiol, Lund, Sweden..
    Herlitz, Johan
    Univ Borås, Dept Hlth Sci, Borås, Sweden..
    Frobert, Ole
    Örebro Univ, Fac Med & Hlth, Dept Cardiol, Örebro, Sweden..
    Dworeck, Christian
    Univ Gothenburg, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Dept Cardiol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Redfors, Bjorn
    Univ Gothenburg, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Dept Cardiol, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Arefalk, Gabriel
    Östlund, Ollie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences. Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Cardiol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Mars, Katarina
    Karolinska Inst, Sodersjukhuset, Div Cardiol, Dept Clin Sci & Educ, Sjukhusbacken 10, S-11883 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Haaga, Urban
    Karlstad Cent Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Karlstad, Sweden..
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR).
    Swahn, Eva
    Linköping Univ, Dept Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol, Linköping, Sweden..
    Lawesson, Sofia Sederholm
    Linköping Univ, Dept Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol, Linköping, Sweden..
    Hofmann, Robin
    Karolinska Inst, Sodersjukhuset, Div Cardiol, Dept Clin Sci & Educ, Sjukhusbacken 10, S-11883 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Randomized comparison of early supplemental oxygen versus ambient air in patients with confirmed myocardial infarction: Sex-related outcomes from DETO2X-AMI2021In: American Heart Journal, ISSN 0002-8703, E-ISSN 1097-6744, Vol. 237, p. 13-24Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of oxygen therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in relation to sex in patients with confirmed myocardial infarction (MI). Methods The DETermination of the role of Oxygen in suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction trial randomized 6,629 patients to oxygen at 6 L/min for 6-12 hours or ambient air. In the present subgroup analysis including 5,010 patients (1,388 women and 3,622 men) with confirmed MI, we report the effect of supplemental oxygen on the composite of all-cause death, rehospitalization with MI, or heart failure at long-term follow-up, stratified according to sex. Results Event rate for the composite endpoint was 18.1% in women allocated to oxygen, compared to 21.4% in women allocated to ambient air (hazard ratio [HR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65-1.05). In men, the incidence was 13.6% in patients allocated to oxygen compared to 13.3% in patients allocated to ambient air (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.86-1.23). No significant interaction in relation to sex was found ( P = .16). Irrespective of allocated treatment, the composite endpoint occurred more often in women compared to men (19.7 vs 13.4%, HR 1.51; 95% CI, 1.30-1.75). After adjustment for age alone, there was no difference between the sexes (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.91-1.24), which remained consistent after multivariate adjustment. Conclusion Oxygen therapy in normoxemic MI patients did not significantly affect all-cause mortality or rehospitalization for MI or heart failure in women or men. The observed worse outcome in women was explained by differences in baseline characteristics, especially age. (Am Heart J 2021;237:13 & ndash;24.)

  • 27.
    Al-Khatib, Sana M.
    et al.
    Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA..
    Wojdyla, Daniel M.
    Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA..
    Granger, Christopher B.
    Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA..
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR).
    Garcia, David A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Univ Washington, Div Hematol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA..
    Hijazi, Ziad
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Held, Claes
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR).
    Alexander, John H.
    Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA..
    Vinereanu, Dragos
    Univ Med & Pharm Carol Davila, Univ & Emergency Hosp, Bucharest, Romania..
    Flaker, Gregory C.
    Univ Missouri, Div Cardiol, Columbia, MO USA..
    Hylek, Elaine M.
    Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA..
    Lopes, Renato D.
    Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA..
    Duration of Anticoagulation Interruption Before Invasive Procedures and Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the ARISTOTLE Trial2022In: Circulation, ISSN 0009-7322, E-ISSN 1524-4539, Vol. 146, no 12, p. 958-960Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 28. Allahyari, Ali
    et al.
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Hagström, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Leosdottir, Margrét
    Lundman, Pia
    Ueda, Peter
    Application of the 2019 ESC/EAS dyslipidaemia guidelines to nationwide data of patients with a recent myocardial infarction: a simulation study2020In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 41, no 40, p. 3900-3909Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS: To estimate the proportion of patients with a recent myocardial infarction (MI) who would be eligible for additional lipid-lowering therapy according to the 2019 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias, and to simulate the effects of expanded lipid-lowering therapy on attainment of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target as recommended by the guidelines.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: Using the nationwide SWEDEHEART register, we included 25 466 patients who had attended a follow-up visit 6-10 weeks after an MI event, 2013-17. While most patients (86.6%) were receiving high-intensity statins, 82.9% of the patients would be eligible for expanded lipid-lowering therapy, as they had not attained the target of an LDL-C level of <1.4 mmol and a ≥50% LDL-C level reduction. When maximized use of high-intensity statins followed by add-on therapy with ezetimibe was simulated using a Monte Carlo model, the LDL-C target was reached in 19.9% using high-intensity statin monotherapy and in another 28.5% with high-intensity statins and ezetimibe, while 50.7% would still be eligible for proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors. When use of alirocumab or evolocumab was simulated in those who were eligible for PCSK9 inhibitors, around 90% of all patients attained the LDL-C target.

    CONCLUSION : Our study suggests that, even with maximized use of high-intensity statins and ezetimibe, around half of patients with MI would be eligible for treatment with PCSK9 inhibitors according to the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines. Considering the current cost of PCSK9 inhibitors, the financial implications of the new guidelines may be substantial.

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  • 29. Allahyari, Ali
    et al.
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Lautsch, Dominik
    Lundman, Pia
    Hagström, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Schubert, Jessica
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Boggs, Robert
    Salomonsson, Stina
    Ueda, Peter
    Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol target attainment according to the 2011 and 2016 ESC/EAS dyslipidaemia guidelines in patients with a recent myocardial infarction: nationwide cohort study, 2013–17 2021In: European Heart Journal - Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes, ISSN 2058-5225, E-ISSN 2058-1742, Vol. 7, no 1, p. 59-67Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS: To assess low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) treatment target attainment among myocardial infarction (MI) patients according to the ESC/EAS dyslipidaemia guidelines from 2011 (LDL-C <1.8 mmol/L or ≥ 50% LDL-C reduction) and 2016 (LDL-C <1.8 mmol/L and ≥50% LDL-C reduction).

    METHODS AND RESULTS: Using nationwide registers, we identified 44,890 patients aged 21-74 admitted for MI, 2013-2017. We included those attending follow-up visits at 6-10 weeks (n = 25,466) and 12-14 months (n = 17,117) after the event. Most patients received high-intensity statin monotherapy (84.3% [6-10 weeks] and 69.0% [12-14 months]) or statins with ezetimibe (2.7% and 10.2%). The proportion of patients attaining the 2011 LDL-C target was 63.8% (6-10 weeks) and 63.5% (12-14 months). The corresponding numbers for the 2016 LDL-C target was 31.6% (6-10 weeks) and 31.5% (12-14 months). At the 6-10-week follow-up, 37% of those not attaining the 2011 LDL-C target and 48% of those not attaining the 2016 target had an LDL-C level that was ≥0.5 mmol/L from the target. When comparing LDL-C measurements performed before vs. after the release of the 2016 guidelines, attainment of the 2016 LDL-C target increased from 30.2% to 35.0% (6-10 weeks) and from 27.6% to 37.6% (12-14 months).

    CONCLUSIONS: In a nationwide register, one out of three patients with a recent MI had not attained the LDL-C target of the 2011 ESC/EAS guidelines and two out of three patients had not attained the LDL-C target of the 2016 guidelines.

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  • 30.
    Almeida, Ana G.
    et al.
    Lisbon Univ, Univ Hosp Santa Maria CHLN, Fac Med, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Carpenter, John-Paul
    NHS Fdn Trust, Poole Hosp, Univ Hosp Dorset, Cardiol Dept, Longfleet Rd, Poole BH15 2JB, Dorset, England..
    Cameli, Matteo
    Univ Siena, Dept Med Biotechnol, Div Cardiol, Viale Bracci 16, Siena, Italy..
    Donal, Erwan
    CHU Rennes, INSERM, Dept Cardiol, LTSI UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France..
    Dweck, Marc R.
    Univ Edinburgh, BHF Ctr Cardiovasc Sci, Chancellors Bldg Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, Midlothian, Scotland.;Edinburgh Heart Ctr, Chancellors Bldg Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Flachskampf, Frank
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Maceira, Alicia M.
    Ascires Biomed Grp, Cardiovasc Imaging Unit, Colon St 1, Valencia 46004, Spain.;CEU Cardenal Herrera Univ, Hlth Sci Sch, Dept Med, Lluis Vives St 1, Valencia 46115, Spain..
    Muraru, Denisa
    Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Med & Surg, Via Cadore 48, I-20900 Monza, Italy.;IRCCS, Dept Cardiovasc Neural & Metab Sci, Ist Auxol Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, I-20149 Milan, Italy..
    Neglia, Danilo
    Fdn Toscana G Monasterio, Via G Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy..
    Pasquet, Agnes
    Clin Univ St Luc, Dept Cardiovasc, Serv Cardiol, Av Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.;UCLouvain, Div CARD, Inst Rech Expt & Clin IREC, Av Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium..
    Plein, Sven
    Univ Leeds, Inst Cardiovasc & Metab Med, Dept Biomed Imaging Sci, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England..
    Gerber, Bernhard L.
    Univ Leeds, Inst Cardiovasc & Metab Med, Dept Biomed Imaging Sci, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England..
    Multimodality imaging of myocardial viability: an expert consensus document from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI)2021In: European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging, ISSN 2047-2404, E-ISSN 2047-2412, Vol. 22, no 8, p. E97-E125Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In clinical decision making, myocardial viability is defined as myocardium in acute or chronic coronary artery disease and other conditions with contractile dysfunction but maintained metabolic and electrical function, having the potential to improve dysfunction upon revascularization or other therapy. Several pathophysiological conditions may coexist to explain this phenomenon. Cardiac imaging may allow identification of myocardial viability through different principles, with the purpose of prediction of therapeutic response and selection for treatment. This expert consensus document reviews current insight into the underlying pathophysiology and available methods for assessing viability. In particular the document reviews contemporary viability imaging techniques, including stress echocardiography, single photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and computed tomography and provides clinical recommendations for how to standardize these methods in terms of acquisition and interpretation. Finally, it presents clinical scenarios where viability assessment is clinically useful.

  • 31. Alsén, Martin
    et al.
    Hagström, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Eggers, Kai
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Johnston, Nina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    »HEART score« – lösningen på säker handläggning av patienter med misstänkt akut kranskärlsjukdom på akutmottagningen?: ["HEART score"--the solution for secure management of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome in the emergency department?]2013In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 110, no 27-28, p. 1297-Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Amarenco, Pierre
    et al.
    Univ Paris, Bichat Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Paris, France; Univ Paris, Bichat Univ Hosp, Stroke Ctr, Paris, France.
    Denison, Hans
    AstraZeneca, Biopharmaceut R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Evans, Scott R.
    George Washington Univ, Biostat Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
    Himmelmann, Anders
    AstraZeneca, Biopharmaceut R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Knutsson, Mikael
    AstraZeneca, Biopharmaceut R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Ladenvall, Per
    AstraZeneca, Biopharmaceut R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Molina, Carlos A.
    Hosp Valle De Hebron, Stroke Unit, Barcelona, Spain.
    Wang, Yongjun
    Tiantan Hosp, Dept Neurol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
    Johnston, S. Claiborne
    Univ Texas Austin, Deans Off, Dell Med Sch, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
    Ticagrelor Added to Aspirin in Acute Nonsevere Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack of Atherosclerotic Origin2020In: Stroke, ISSN 0039-2499, E-ISSN 1524-4628, Vol. 51, no 12, p. 3504-3513Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and Purpose:Among patients with a transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic strokes, those with ipsilateral atherosclerotic stenosis of cervicocranial vasculature have the highest risk of recurrent vascular events.

    Methods:In the double-blind THALES (The Acute Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack Treated With Ticagrelor and ASA for Prevention of Stroke and Death) trial, we randomized patients with a noncardioembolic, nonsevere ischemic stroke, or high-risk transient ischemic attack to ticagrelor (180 mg loading dose on day 1 followed by 90 mg twice daily for days 2–30) or placebo added to aspirin (300–325 mg on day 1 followed by 75–100 mg daily for days 2–30) within 24 hours of symptom onset. The present paper reports a prespecified analysis in patients with and without ipsilateral, potentially causal atherosclerotic stenosis ≥30% of cervicocranial vasculature. The primary end point was time to the occurrence of stroke or death within 30 days.

    Results:Of 11 016 randomized patients, 2351 (21.3%) patients had an ipsilateral atherosclerotic stenosis. After 30 days, a primary end point occurred in 92/1136 (8.1%) patients with ipsilateral stenosis randomized to ticagrelor and in 132/1215 (10.9%) randomized to placebo (hazard ratio 0.73 [95% CI, 0.56–0.96], P=0.023) resulting in a number needed to treat of 34 (95% CI, 19–171). In patients without ipsilateral stenosis, the corresponding event rate was 211/4387 (4.8%) and 230/4278 (5.4%), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.74–1.08]; P=0.23, Pinteraction=0.245). Severe bleeding occurred in 4 (0.4%) and 3 (0.2%) patients with ipsilateral atherosclerotic stenosis on ticagrelor and on placebo, respectively (P=NS), and in 24 (0.5%) and 4 (0.1%), respectively, in 8665 patients without ipsilateral stenosis (hazard ratio=5.87 [95% CI, 2.04–16.9], P=0.001).

    Conclusions:In this exploratory analysis comparing ticagrelor added to aspirin to aspirin alone, we found no treatment by ipsilateral atherosclerosis stenosis subgroup interaction but did identify a higher absolute risk and a greater absolute risk reduction of stroke or death at 30 days in patients with ipsilateral atherosclerosis stenosis than in those without. In this easily identified population, ticagrelor added to aspirin provided a clinically meaningful benefit with a number needed to treat of 34 (95% CI, 19–171).

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  • 33.
    Ambavane, Apoorva
    et al.
    Modeling and Simulation, Evidera, London, United Kingdom.
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Giannitsis, Evangelos
    Medizinische Klinik III, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany .
    Roiz, Julie
    Modeling and Simulation, Evidera, London, United Kingdom .
    Mendivil, Joan
    Market Access, Roche Diagnostics International Ltd., Rotkreuz, Switzerland .
    Frankenstein, Lutz
    Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Pulmonology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany .
    Body, Richard
    Emergency Department, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom .
    Christ, Michael
    Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg General Hospital, Nuremberg, Germany .
    Bingisser, Roland
    Emergency Department, University of Basel, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland .
    Alquezar, Aitor
    Servei de Urgencies. Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain .
    Mueller, Christian
    Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland .
    Economic evaluation of the one-hour rule-out and rule-in algorithm for acute myocardial infarction using the high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T assay in the emergency department2017In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 12, no 11, article id e0187662Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The 1-hour (h) algorithm triages patients presenting with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to the emergency department (ED) towards "rule-out," "rule-in," or "observation," depending on baseline and 1-h levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn). The economic consequences of applying the accelerated 1-h algorithm are unknown.

    METHODS AND FINDINGS: We performed a post-hoc economic analysis in a large, diagnostic, multicenter study of hs-cTnT using central adjudication of the final diagnosis by two independent cardiologists. Length of stay (LoS), resource utilization (RU), and predicted diagnostic accuracy of the 1-h algorithm compared to standard of care (SoC) in the ED were estimated. The ED LoS, RU, and accuracy of the 1-h algorithm was compared to that achieved by the SoC at ED discharge. Expert opinion was sought to characterize clinical implementation of the 1-h algorithm, which required blood draws at ED presentation and 1h, after which "rule-in" patients were transferred for coronary angiography, "rule-out" patients underwent outpatient stress testing, and "observation" patients received SoC. Unit costs were for the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Germany. The sensitivity and specificity for the 1-h algorithm were 87% and 96%, respectively, compared to 69% and 98% for SoC. The mean ED LoS for the 1-h algorithm was 4.3h-it was 6.5h for SoC, which is a reduction of 33%. The 1-h algorithm was associated with reductions in RU, driven largely by the shorter LoS in the ED for patients with a diagnosis other than AMI. The estimated total costs per patient were £2,480 for the 1-h algorithm compared to £4,561 for SoC, a reduction of up to 46%.

    CONCLUSIONS: The analysis shows that the use of 1-h algorithm is associated with reduction in overall AMI diagnostic costs, provided it is carefully implemented in clinical practice. These results need to be prospectively validated in the future.

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  • 34. Andell, P.
    et al.
    Koul, S.
    Martinsson, A.
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Erlinge, D.
    Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction2013In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 34, no S1, p. 664-664Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 35. Andell, Pontus
    et al.
    Erlinge, David
    Smith, J. Gustav
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    James, Stefan K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Koul, Sasha
    beta-Blocker Use and Mortality in COPD Patients After Myocardial Infarction: A Swedish Nationwide Observational Study2015In: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, ISSN 2047-9980, E-ISSN 2047-9980, Vol. 4, no 4, article id e001611Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background-Patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitute a high-risk group with increased mortality. beta-Blocker therapy has been shown to reduce mortality, prevent arrhythmias, and delay heart failure development after an MI in broad populations. However, the effect of beta-blockers in COPD patients is less well established and they may also be less treated due to fear of adverse reactions. We investigated beta-blocker prescription at discharge in patients with COPD after MI. ethods and Results-Patients hospitalized for MI between 2005 and 2010 were identified from the nationwide Swedish SWEDEHEART registry. Patients with COPD who were alive and discharged after an MI were selected as the study population. In this cohort, patients who were discharged with beta-blockers were compared to patients not discharged with beta-blockers. The primary end point was all-cause mortality. A total of 4858 patients were included, of which 4086 (84.1%) were discharged with a beta-blocker while 772 (15.9%) were not. After adjusting for potential confounders including baseline characteristics, comorbidities, and in-hospital characteristics, patients discharged with a beta-blocker had lower all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.98) during the total follow-up time (maximum 7.2 years). In the subgroup of patients with a history of heart failure, the corresponding hazard ratio was 0.77 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.95). Conclusions-Patients with COPD discharged with beta-blockers after an MI had a lower all-cause mortality compared to patients not prescribed beta-blockers. The results indicate that MI patients with COPD may benefit from beta-blockers.

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  • 36.
    Andell, Pontus
    et al.
    Lund Univ, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    James, Stefan K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Cannon, Christopher P.
    Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Cardiovasc, Boston, MA 02115 USA.;Harvard Clin Res Inst, Boston, MA USA..
    Cyr, Derek D.
    Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA..
    Himmelmann, Anders
    AstraZeneca Res & Dev, Molndal, Sweden..
    Husted, Steen
    Hosp Unit West, Dept Med, Herning Holstebro, Denmark..
    Keltai, Matyas
    Semmelweis Univ, Hungarian Inst Cardiol, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary..
    Koul, Sasha
    Lund Univ, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    Santoso, Anwar
    Univ Indonesia, Natl Cardiovasc Ctr, Harapan Kita Hosp, Dept Cardiol,Vasc Med,Fac Med, Jakarta, Indonesia. INSERM, U1148, Paris, France. Hop Bichat Claude Bernard, AP HP, Dept Hosp Univ FIRE, F-75877 Paris, France. Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Royal Brompton Hosp, ICMS, NHLI Imperial Coll, London SW3 6LY, England..
    Steg, Gabriel
    Storey, Robert F.
    Univ Sheffield, Dept Cardiovasc Sci, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England..
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Erlinge, David
    Lund Univ, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Analysis From the Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) Trial2015In: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, ISSN 2047-9980, E-ISSN 2047-9980, Vol. 4, no 10, article id e002490Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background-Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experiencing acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are at high risk for clinical events. In the Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial, ticagrelor versus clopidogrel reduced the primary endpoint of death from vascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke after ACS, but increased the incidence of dyspnea, which may lead clinicians to withhold ticagrelor from COPD patients. Methods and Results-In 18 624 patients with ACS randomized to treatment with ticagrelor or clopidogrel, history of COPD was recorded in 1085 (5.8%). At 1 year, the primary endpoint occurred in 17.7% of patients with COPD versus 10.4% in those without COPD (P<0.001). The 1-year event rate for the primary endpoint in COPD patients treated with ticagrelor versus clopidogrel was 14.8% versus 20.6% (hazard ratio [HR]=0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54 to 0.97), for death from any cause 8.4% versus 12.4% (HR=0.70; 95% CI: 0.47 to 1.04), and for PLATO-defined major bleeding rates at 1 year 14.6% versus 16.6% (HR=0.85; 95% CI: 0.61 to 1.17). Dyspnea occurred more frequently with ticagrelor (26.1% vs. 16.3%; HR=1.71; 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.30). There was no differential increase in the relative risk of dyspnea compared to non-COPD patients (HR=1.85). No COPD status-by-treatment interactions were found, showing consistency with the main trial results. Conclusions-In this post-hoc analysis, COPD patients experienced high rates of ischemic events. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel reduced and substantially decreased the absolute risk of ischemic events (5.8%) in COPD patients, without increasing overall major bleeding events. The benefit-risk profile supports the use of ticagrelor in patients with ACS and concomitant COPD.

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  • 37. Andell, Pontus
    et al.
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Östlund, Ollie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR).
    Yndigegn, Troels
    Sparv, David
    Pernow, John
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Herlitz, Johan
    Erlinge, David
    Hofmann, Robin
    Oxygen therapy in suspected acute myocardial infarction and concurrent normoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prespecified subgroup analysis from the DETO2X-AMI trial2020In: European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care, ISSN 2048-8726, E-ISSN 2048-8734, Vol. 9, no 8, p. 984-992Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The DETermination of the role of Oxygen in suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction (DETO2X-AMI) trial did not find any benefit of oxygen therapy compared to ambient air in normoxemic patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may both benefit and be harmed by supplemental oxygen. Thus we evaluated the effect of routine oxygen therapy compared to ambient air in normoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 6629 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction were randomly assigned in the DETO2X-AMI trial to oxygen or ambient air. In the oxygen group ( n=3311) and the ambient air group ( n=3318), 155 and 141 patients, respectively, had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (prevalence of 4.5%). Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were older, had more comorbid conditions and experienced a twofold higher risk of death at one year (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 32/296 (10.8%) vs. non-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 302/6333 (4.8%)). Oxygen therapy compared to ambient air was not associated with improved outcomes at 365 days (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: all-cause mortality hazard ratio (HR) 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50-1.99, Pinteraction=0.96); cardiovascular death HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.32-2.04, Pinteraction=0.59); rehospitalisation with acute myocardial infarction or death HR 1.27, 95% CI 0.71-2.28, Pinteraction=0.46); hospitalisation for heart failure or death HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.61-1.91, Pinteraction=0.77]); there were no significant treatment-by-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease interactions.

    CONCLUSIONS: Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients had twice the mortality rate compared to non-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, this prespecified subgroup analysis from the DETO2X-AMI trial on oxygen therapy versus ambient air in normoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction revealed no evidence for benefit of routine oxygen therapy consistent with the main trial's findings.

    CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT02290080.

  • 38.
    Andell, Pontus
    et al.
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, Lund, Sweden..
    Karlsson, Sofia
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, Lund, Sweden..
    Mohammad, Moman A.
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, Lund, Sweden..
    Gotberg, Matthias
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, Lund, Sweden..
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Jensen, Jens
    Karolinska Inst, Soder Sjukhuset, Dept Clin Sci & Educ, Stockholm, Sweden.;Capio St Gorans Sjukhus, Unit Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Frobert, Ole
    Orebro Univ, Fac Hlth, Dept Cardiol, Orebro, Sweden..
    Angeras, Oskar
    Sahlgrens Acad, Inst Med, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Nilsson, Johan
    Umea Univ Hosp, Heart Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Umea, Sweden..
    Omerovic, Elmir
    Sahlgrens Acad, Inst Med, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Lagerqvist, Bo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Persson, Jonas
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Div Cardiovasc Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Koul, Sasha
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, Lund, Sweden..
    Erlinge, David
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, Lund, Sweden..
    Intravascular Ultrasound Guidance Is Associated With Better Outcome in Patients Undergoing Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting Compared With Angiography Guidance Alone2017In: Circulation. Cardiovascular Interventions, ISSN 1941-7640, E-ISSN 1941-7632, Vol. 10, no 5, article id e004813Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Small observational studies have indicated better outcome with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance when performing unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but the overall picture remains inconclusive and warrants further investigation. We studied the impact of IVUS guidance on outcome in patients undergoing unprotected LMCA PCI in a Swedish nationwide observational study.

    Methods and Results: Patients who underwent unprotected LMCA PCI between 2005 and 2014 because of stable coronary artery disease or acute coronary syndrome were included from the nationwide SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry). Of 2468 patients, IVUS guidance was used in 621 (25.2%). The IVUS group was younger (median age, 70 versus 75 years) and had fewer comorbidities but more complex lesions. IVUS was associated with larger stent diameters (median, 4 mm versus 3.5 mm). After adjusting for potential confounders, IVUS was associated with significantly lower occurrence of the primary composite end point of all-cause mortality, restenosis, or definite stent thrombosis (hazard ratio, 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.84) and all-cause mortality alone (hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.82). In 340 propensity score-matched pairs, IVUS was also associated with significantly lower occurrence of the primary end point (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.80).

    Conclusions: IVUS was associated with an independent and significant outcome benefit when performing unprotected LMCA PCI. Potential mediators of this benefit include larger and more appropriately sized stents, perhaps translating into lower risk of subsequent stent thrombosis. Although residual confounding cannot be ruled out, our findings indicate a possible hazard when performing unprotected LMCA PCI without IVUS guidance.

  • 39. Andell, Pontus
    et al.
    Koul, Sasha
    Martinsson, Andreas
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Smith, J Gustav
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Erlinge, David
    Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction2014In: Open heart, E-ISSN 2053-3624, Vol. 1, no 1, p. e000002-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM:

    To gain a better understanding of the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on long-term mortality in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and identify areas where the clinical care for these patients may be improved.

    METHODS:

    Patients hospitalised for MI between 2005 and 2010 were identified from the nationwide Swedish SWEDEHEART registry. Patients with MI and a prior COPD hospital discharge diagnosis were compared to patients with MI without a prior COPD hospital discharge diagnosis for the primary endpoint of all-cause mortality at 1 year after MI. Secondary endpoints included rates of reinfarction, new-onset stroke, new-onset bleeding and new-onset heart failure at 1 year.

    RESULTS:

    A total of 81 191 MI patients were included, of which 4867 (6%) had a COPD hospital discharge diagnosis at baseline. Patients with COPD showed a significantly higher unadjusted 1-year mortality (24.6 vs 13.8%) as well as a higher rate of reinfarction, new-onset bleeding and new-onset heart failure post-MI. After adjustment for potential confounders, including comorbidities and treatment, the patients with COPD still showed a significantly higher 1-year mortality (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.21) as well as a higher rate of new-onset heart failure (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.47), whereas no significant association between COPD and myocardial reinfarction or new-onset bleeding remained.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    In this nationwide contemporary study, patients with COPD frequently had an atypical presentation, less often underwent revascularisation and less often received guideline-recommended secondary preventive medications of established benefit. Prior COPD was associated with a higher 1-year mortality and a higher risk of subsequent new-onset heart failure after MI. The association seems to be mainly explained by differences in background characteristics, comorbidities and treatment, although a minor part might be explained by COPD in itself. Improved in-hospital MI treatment and post-MI secondary prevention according to the guidelines may lower the mortality in this high-risk population.

  • 40.
    Andell, Pontus
    et al.
    Lund Univ, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, S-22185 Lund, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    Sjogren, Johan
    Skane Univ Hosp, S-22185 Lund, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Clin Sci, Lund, Sweden..
    Batra, Gorav
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Szummer, Karolina
    Dept Med, Huddinge, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Koul, Sasha
    Lund Univ, Dept Cardiol, Clin Sci, S-22185 Lund, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    Outcome of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe coronary artery disease who had a coronary artery bypass graft or a percutaneous coronary intervention2017In: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, ISSN 1010-7940, E-ISSN 1873-734X, Vol. 52, no 5, p. 930-936Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who also have acute coronary syndromes are a high-risk population with a high mortality rate. Little is known about these patients following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS: Patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes between 2006 and 2014 with an angiogram showing 3-vessel disease or left main coronary artery involvement who were treated with CABG or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) only were included from the nationwide SWEDEHEART registry. Patients were stratified according to COPD status and compared with regard to outcome. The primary end-point was the 5-year mortality rate; secondary outcomes were the 30-day mortality rate and in-hospital complications after CABG. RESULTS: We identified 6985 patients in the population who had CABG (COPD prevalence = 8.0%) and 14 209 who had PCI only (COPD = 8.2%). Patients with COPD were older and had more comorbidities than patients without COPD. The 5-year mortality rate was nearly doubled in patients with COPD versus patients without COPD (CABG: 27.2% vs 14.5%, P < 0.001; PCI only: 50.1% vs 29.1%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities, patients with COPD in both CABG-treated [hazard ratio = 1.52 (1.25-1.86), P < 0.001] and PCI-treated populations still had a significantly higher 5-year mortality rate. COPD was also independently associated with significantly more postoperative infections in need of antibiotics [odds ratio = 1.48 (1.07-2.04), P = 0.017] and pneumonia [odds ratio = 2.21 (1.39-3.52), P = 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with COPD presenting with acute coronary syndromes and severe coronary artery disease are a high-risk population following CABG or PCI only, with higher risk of long-term and short-term death and postoperative infections. Preventive measures, including careful monitoring for signs of infection and prompt antibiotic treatment when indicated, should be considered.

  • 41.
    Andersen, Kasper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Held, Claes
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Neovius, Martin
    Tynelius, Per
    Rasmussen, Finn
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Exercise capacity and muscle strength and risk of vascular disease and arrhythmias: A cohort study of 1.26 million young menManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    While physical activity and exercise protects against cardiovascular disease, athletes have higher risk of atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias. Graded independent and joint influences of exercise capacity and muscle strength on these diseases are unknown.

    Methods:

    All 1.26 million Swedish men who participated in mandatory military conscription between 1972 and 1995 (at a median age of 18.2 years) contributed. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the associations of maximal exercise capacity and muscle strength at conscription to subsequent risk of vascular disease and arrhythmias, as identified in national registries.

    Results:

    During a median follow-up of 26.3 years, about 26,000 hospitalizations for vascular disease events and 17,000 for arrhythmias occurred. Exercise capacity was inversely associated with risk of vascular disease (hazard ratio [HR] 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.67]; for 5th vs. 1st quintile) and so was muscle strength (HR 0.79; 0.76-0.83; for 5th vs. 1st quintile ). Similar associations were seen across a range of major vascular disease events. Exercise capacity was associated with incidence of arrhythmias in a U-shaped fashion (HR 0.91; 0.86-0.96; for 3rd vs. 1st quintile, and 0.99; 0.94-1.04; for 5th vs. 1st quintile). Higher muscle strength was associated with lower risk of arrhythmias (HR 0.87; 0.83-0.91; for 5th vs. 1st quintile). 

    Conclusion:

    Exercise capacity and muscle strength in late adolescence are independently and jointly associated with long-term risk of vascular disease and arrhythmias. The lower risk of vascular events with higher exercise capacity was not outweighed by higher risk of arrhythmias.

  • 42.
    Andersen, Kasper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Hållmarker, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Department of Internal Medicine, Mora Hospital, Sweden.
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Long-Distance Skiing and Incidence of Hypertension: A Cohort Study of 206,889 Participants in a Long-Distance Cross-Country Skiing Event2020In: Circulation, ISSN 0009-7322, E-ISSN 1524-4539, Vol. 141, no 9, p. 743-750Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Hypertension is the leading risk factor for death worldwide and high levels of physical activity is associated with lower incidence of hypertension. The associations of excessive levels of exercise and incidence of hypertension is less known. We aim to compare the incidence of hypertension among 206,889 participants in a long-distance cross-country skiing event and 505,542 persons randomly sampled from the general population (matched to the skiers on age sex and place of residence). Methods: Skiers best performance (in per cent of winning time) and number of completed races during the study period were associated to incidence of hypertension after participation in Vasaloppet. Hypertension was defined as prescription of blood pressure-lowering drugs as obtained from the national drug registry. Models were adjusted for sex, age, education and income (total effect). Results: During a median time-of-risk of 8.3 years skiers had lower incidence of hypertension compared to non-skiers (HR 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58-0.60). Among the skiers, better performance (in % of winning time) in Vasaloppet was strongly associated with lower incidence of hypertension (Fastest fifth: HR 0.41; 95% CI 0.39-0.42. Slowest fifth: 0.78 CI 0.75-0.81). The association was near linear and did not differ between sexes. Among the skiers, a weaker association of number of completed races during the study period with incidence of hypertension (1 race: HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.62-0.65.>5 races: HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.50-0.53). A sub-analysis of 10,804 participants including adjustment for lifestyle factors showed similar results. Conclusions: Participation in a long-distance skiing event was associated with 41% lower incidence of hypertension over the next 8 years, compared to non-participation; and the better the performance, the lower the incidence of hypertension. This adds to the list of beneficial effects of intensive training, as hypertension is the leading risk factor of premature death globally.

  • 43.
    Andersen, Kasper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Rasmussen, F.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Neovius, M.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Tynelius, P.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Anthropometric measures and risk of atrial fibrillation - a cohort study of 1.2 million young men2015In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 36, no Suppl. 1, p. 910-910Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 44.
    Andersen, Kasper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Rasmussen, F.
    Lund Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Lund, Sweden.
    Neovius, M.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Tynelius, P.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Cty Council, Ctr Epidemiol & Community Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Body size and risk of atrial fibrillation: a cohort study of 1.1 million young men2018In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 283, no 4, p. 346-355Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Whilst tall stature has been related to lower risk of vascular disease, it has been proposed as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation. Little is known about other anthropometric measures and their joint effects on risk of atrial fibrillation.

    Objectives: We aim to investigate associations and potential joint effects of height, weight, body surface area (BSA) and body mass index (BMI) with risk of atrial fibrillation.

    Methods: In a cohort covering 1 153 151 18-year-old men participating in the Swedish military conscription (1972-1995), Cox regression was used to investigate associations of height, weight, BSA and BMI with risk of atrial fibrillation.

    Results: During a median of 26.3 years of follow-up, higher height was associated with higher risk of atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio [HR] 2.80; 95% CI 2.63-2.98; for 5th vs. 1st quintile) and so was larger BSA (HR 3.05; 95% CI 2.82-3.28; for 5th vs. 1st quintile). Higher weight and BMI were to a lesser extent associated with risk of atrial fibrillation (BMI: 1.42; 95% CI 1.33-1.52, for 5th vs. 1st quintile). We found a multiplicative joint effect of height and weight. Adjusting for muscle strength, exercise capacity and diseases related to atrial fibrillation attenuated these measures.

    Conclusions: Higher height and weight are strongly associated with higher risk of atrial fibrillation. These associations are multiplicative and independent of each other and are summarized in a strong association of body surface area with risk of atrial fibrillation. The mechanisms remain unknown but may involve increased atrial volume load with larger body size.

  • 45.
    Andersen, Kasper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Rasmussen, Finn
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Child & Adolescent Publ Hlth Epidemiol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Held, Claes
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Neovius, Martin
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Tynelius, Per
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Child & Adolescent Publ Hlth Epidemiol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Exercise capacity and muscle strength and risk of vascular disease and arrhythmia in 1.1 million young Swedish men: cohort study2015In: BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, ISSN 1756-1833, Vol. 351, article id h4543Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations of exercise capacity and muscle strength in late adolescence with risk of vascular disease and arrhythmia. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING General population in Sweden. PARTICIPANTS 1.1 million men who participated in mandatory military conscription between 1 August 1972 and 31 December 1995, at a median age of 18.2 years. Participants were followed until 31 December 2010. MAIN OUTCOMES Associations between exercise capacity and muscle strength with risk of vascular disease and subgroups (ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and cardiovascular death) and risk of arrhythmia and subgroups (atrial fibrillation or flutter, bradyarrhythmia, supraventricular tachycardia, and ventricular arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death). Maximum exercise capacity was estimated by the ergometer bicycle test, and muscle strength was measured as handgrip strength by a hand dynamometer. High exercise capacity or muscle strength was deemed as above the median level. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 26.3 years, 26 088 vascular disease events and 17 312 arrhythmia events were recorded. Exercise capacity was inversely associated with risk of vascular disease and its subgroups. Muscle strength was also inversely associated with vascular disease risk, driven by associations of higher muscle strength with lower risk of heart failure and cardiovascular death. Exercise capacity had a U shaped association with risk of arrhythmia, driven by a direct association with risk of atrial fibrillation and a U shaped association with bradyarrhythmia. Higher muscle strength was associated with lower risk of arrhythmia (specifically, lower risk of bradyarrhythmia and ventricular arrhythmia). The combination of high exercise capacity and high muscle strength was associated with a hazard ratio of 0.67 (95% confidence interval 0.65 to 0.70) for vascular events and 0.92 (0.88 to 0.97) for arrhythmia compared with the combination of low exercise capacity and low muscle strength. CONCLUSIONS Exercise capacity and muscle strength in late adolescence are independently and jointly associated with long term risk of vascular disease and arrhythmia. The health benefit of lower risk of vascular events with higher exercise capacity was not outweighed by higher risk of arrhythmia.

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  • 46.
    Andersen, Thomas
    et al.
    Stavanger Univ Hosp, Dept Anaesthesiol, Stavanger, Norway.
    Ueland, Thor
    Univ Oslo, Natl Hosp, Res Inst Internal Med, Oslo, Norway;Univ Oslo, KG Jebsen Inflammatory Res Ctr, Oslo, Norway;Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway;Univ Tromso, Jebsen Thrombosis Res & Expertise Ctr TREC, Tromso, Norway.
    Ghukasyan Lakic, Tatevik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Åkerblom, Axel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Bertilsson, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Aukrust, Pal
    Univ Oslo, Natl Hosp, Res Inst Internal Med, Oslo, Norway;Univ Oslo, KG Jebsen Inflammatory Res Ctr, Oslo, Norway;Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway;Univ Tromso, Jebsen Thrombosis Res & Expertise Ctr TREC, Tromso, Norway;Natl Hosp Norway, Oslo Univ Hosp, Sect Clin Immunol & Infect Dis, Oslo, Norway.
    Michelsen, Annika E.
    Univ Oslo, Natl Hosp, Res Inst Internal Med, Oslo, Norway;Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway.
    James, Stefan K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Becker, Richard C.
    Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Heart Lung & Vasc Inst, Div Cardiovasc Hlth & Dis, Cincinnati, OH USA.
    Storey, Robert F.
    Univ Sheffield, Dept Infect Immun & Cardiovasc Dis, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Siegbahn, Agneta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Kontny, Frederic
    Stavanger Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Stavanger, Norway;Drammen Heart Ctr, Drammen, Norway.
    C-X-C Ligand 16 Is an Independent Predictor of Cardiovascular Death and Morbidity in Acute Coronary Syndromes2019In: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, ISSN 1079-5642, E-ISSN 1524-4636, Vol. 39, no 11, p. 2402-2410Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective:

    The chemokine CXCL16 (C-X-C motif ligand 16) is a scavenger receptor for OxLDL (oxidized low-density lipoproteins) and involved in inflammation at sites of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the association of CXCL16 with clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

    Approach and Results:

    Serial measurements of CXCL16 were performed in a subgroup of 5142 patients randomized in the PLATO trial (Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcome). Associations between CXCL16 and a composite of cardiovascular death, spontaneous myocardial infarction or stroke, and the individual components were assessed by multivariable Cox regression analyses. The hazard ratio per 50% increase in admission levels of CXCL16 analyzed as continuous variable was 1.64 (95% CI, 1.44-1.88), P<0.0001. This association remained statistically significant after adjustment for randomized treatment, clinical variables, CRP (C-reactive protein), leukocytes, cystatin C, NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide), troponin T, GDF-15 (growth differentiation factor 15), and other biomarkers; hazard ratio 1.23 (1.05-1.45), P=0.0126. The admission level of CXCL16 was independently associated with cardiovascular death (1.50 [1.17-1.92], P=0.0014) but not with ischemic events alone, in fully adjusted analyses. No statistically independent association was found between CXCL16 measured at 1 month, or change in CXCL16 from admission to 1 month, and clinical outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    In patients with acute coronary syndrome, admission level of CXCL16 is independently related to adverse clinical outcomes, mainly driven by an association to cardiovascular death. Thus, CXCL16 measurement may enhance risk stratification in patients with this condition.

  • 47. Andersson, T.
    et al.
    Nagy, P.
    Niazi, M.
    Nylander, S.
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Impact of omeprazole (OME), esomeprazole (ESO) plus /- acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and lansoprazole (LAN) on the pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) of clopidogrel in healthy volunteers2012In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 33, no Suppl 1, p. 343-343Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 48. Andersson, Tommy
    et al.
    Nagy, Peter
    Niazi, Mohammad
    Nylander, Sven
    Galbraith, Hal
    Ranjan, Santosh
    Wallentin, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Effect of Esomeprazole With/Without Acetylsalicylic Acid, Omeprazole and Lansoprazole on Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Clopidogrel in Healthy Volunteers2014In: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, ISSN 1175-3277, E-ISSN 1179-187X, Vol. 14, no 3, p. 217-227Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel was assessed in two healthy volunteer crossover studies. Study 1: subjects received clopidogrel alone (300-mg loading dose, then 75 mg/day for 28 days) and two of three PPIs (omeprazole 80 mg, esomeprazole 40 mg or lansoprazole 60 mg) plus clopidogrel for 29 days in three treatment periods (randomized treatment sequence assignment). Study 2: subjects received clopidogrel alone (75 mg/day for 9 days) and clopidogrel alone for 4 days followed by clopidogrel plus fixed-combination esomeprazole 20 mg/low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 81 mg for 5 days in two treatment periods (randomized treatment sequence assignment). Pharmacokinetic effects were estimated by measuring active metabolite of clopidogrel, and pharmacodynamic effects by inhibition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation. There was a relative decrease of up to 50 % in exposure to the active metabolite of clopidogrel with the different PPIs (study 1), and close to 40 % with esomeprazole/low-dose ASA (study 2), compared with clopidogrel alone. There was an absolute decrease of up to 17 % in inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation with co-administration of different PPIs, compared with clopidogrel alone; however, no differences in platelet inhibition were observed during co-administration with the esomeprazole/low-dose ASA fixed-dose combination. Omeprazole, esomeprazole and lansoprazole decreased systemic exposure to the active metabolite of clopidogrel in healthy volunteers, leading to modest decreases in its antiplatelet effect. However, no apparent differences in platelet inhibition were observed when esomeprazole was co-administered with low-dose ASA as a fixed-dose combination.

  • 49.
    Andreasson, Kristofer
    et al.
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Rheumatol, Lund, Sweden..
    Neringer, Karl
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Rheumatol, Lund, Sweden..
    Wuttge, Dirk M.
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Rheumatol, Lund, Sweden..
    Henrohn, D
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Marsal, Jan
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Gastroenterol, Lund, Sweden..
    Hesselstrand, Roger
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Rheumatol, Lund, Sweden..
    Mycophenolate mofetil for systemic sclerosis: drug exposure exhibits considerable inter-individual variation-a prospective, observational study2020In: Arthritis Research & Therapy, ISSN 1478-6354, E-ISSN 1478-6362, Vol. 22, article id 230Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an established therapy for systemic sclerosis (SSc), but its pharmacokinetics in this disease remains unexplored. We have investigated drug exposure in MMF-treated patients with SSc in relation to clinical features of the disease and common concomitant drugs.

    Methods: This study was predefined to include 35 MMF-treated SSc patients who were using MMF at a fixed dose of 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5g twice daily since at least 3months. The 12-h drug exposure of the active MMF metabolite mycophenolic acid (MPA) was estimated by repeated analysis of plasma MPA over a 6-h period. This 12-h drug exposure was dose normalised to a daily intake of 3g MMF (MPA_AUC(3g)) in order to compare subjects using MMF at different doses. Drug exposure was analysed in reference to the clinical characteristics including body weight, renal function, autoantibodies, intestinal dysbiosis, intestinal inflammation assessed by faecal (F)-calprotectin, intestinal symptoms assessed by the University of California Los Angeles Scleroderma Trial Consortium Gastrointestinal Tract Instrument 2.0 and concomitant drug usage including proton-pump inhibitors (PPI).

    Results:Thirty-four out of 35 study participants completed the study. The mean daily MMF dose was 2.1g. Drug exposure expressed as MPA_AUC(3g) varied up to 8-fold between patients (median 115, range 27-226mg h/L).MPA_AUC(3g) was inversely related to body weight (r(s)=-0.58, p<0.001) and renal function (r(s)=-0.34, p=0.054). Anti-topoisomerase-1 antibodies and male sex were associated with lower MPA_AUC(3g) (87 vs 123 and 71 vs 141; p=0.008 and p=0.015, respectively). MPA_AUC(3g) was inversely related to the intestinal abundance of lactobacilli and to F-calprotectin (r(s)=-0.54, p=0.004; r(s)=-0.36, p=0.034), but not to gastrointestinal symptoms. MPA_AUC(3g) was inversely related to PPI usage (r(s)=-0.45, p=0.007). We found no association between MPA_AUC(3g) and disease subtype, disease duration or disease activity.

    Conclusion: MMF-treated SSc patients exhibit considerable inter-individual variation in drug exposure, and lower MPA levels were primarily found in PPI users with poor prognostic factors. Body weight, renal function, sex, serology, gastrointestinal manifestations and/or measuring individual MPA exposure should be considered when using MMF for SSc.

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  • 50. Angeras, O.
    et al.
    Albertsson, P.
    Karason, K.
    Ramunddal, T.
    Matejka, G.
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Lagerqvist, Bo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Rosengren, A.
    Omerovic, E.
    Evidence for obesity paradox in patients with acute coronary syndromes: a report from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (SCAAR)2012In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 33, no Suppl 1, p. 122-122Article in journal (Other academic)
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