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  • 1.
    Aakash, förnamn
    et al.
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engg., Birla Institute of Technology.
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Mohan, Rajendra
    Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Patna.
    Mukherjee, Samrat
    Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Patna.
    Structural, magnetic and hyperfine characterizations of nanocrystalline Zn-Cd doped nickel ferrites2017In: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, ISSN 0304-8853, E-ISSN 1873-4766, Vol. 441, p. 710-717Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In our present work, we have synthesized a series of Cd-Zn doped nickel ferrite ((Cd-0.5 Zn-x(x)) Ni0(.5)Fe(2)O(4); x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) through standard chemical co-precipitation method to study the influence of diamagnetic ions (Cd, Zn) on the magnetic properties of ferrites. XRD and Raman spectroscopy were employed for the structural characterizations. The refinement of the X-ray diffractogram data augmented by the Williamson-Hall plots showed the presence of Cd2+ vacancies and a strained crystal structure. The vibrational spectroscopy indicated the presence of lower space-group symmetry and a distorted crystal structure. Magnetic measurements showed the samples possessed low magnetic anisotropy along with a canted spin structure. The Mossbauer measurements confirmed the cation distribution and gave evidence of super transferred hyperfine interactions arising due to canted spin structure of the system.

  • 2.
    Abdi-Jalebi, Mojtaba
    et al.
    Univ Cambridge, Dept Phys, Cavendish Lab, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, England.
    Pazoki, Meysam
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Philippe, Bertrand
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Dar, M. Ibrahim
    Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Chem Sci & Engn, Lab Photon & Interfaces, Lausanne, Switzerland.
    Alsari, Mejd
    Univ Cambridge, Dept Phys, Cavendish Lab, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, England.
    Sadhanala, Aditya
    Univ Cambridge, Dept Phys, Cavendish Lab, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, England.
    Diyitini, Giorgio
    Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge, England.
    Imani, Roghayeh
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Structural Chemistry.
    Lilliu, Samuele
    Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England; UAE Ctr Crystallog, Dubai, U Arab Emirates.
    Kullgren, Jolla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Structural Chemistry.
    Rensmo, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Gratzel, Michael
    Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Chem Sci & Engn, Lab Photon & Interfaces, Lausanne, Switzerland.
    Friend, Richard H.
    Univ Cambridge, Dept Phys, Cavendish Lab, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, England.
    Dedoping of Lead Halide Perovskites Incorporating Monovalent Cations2018In: ACS Nano, ISSN 1936-0851, E-ISSN 1936-086X, Vol. 12, no 7, p. 7301-7311Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report significant improvements in the optoelectronic properties of lead halide perovskites with the addition of monovalent ions with ionic radii close to Pb2+. We investigate the chemical distribution and electronic structure of solution processed CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite structures containing Na+, Cu+, and Ag+, which are lower valence metal ions than Pb2+ but have similar ionic radii. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction reveals a pronounced shift in the main perovskite peaks for the monovalent cation-based films, suggesting incorporation of these cations into the perovskite lattice as well as a preferential crystal growth in Ag+ containing perovskite structures. Furthermore, the synchrotron X-ray photoelectron measurements show a significant change in the valence band position for Cu- and Ag-doped films, although the perovskite bandgap remains the same, indicating a shift in the Fermi level position toward the middle of the bandgap. Such a shift infers that incorporation of these monovalent cations dedope the n-type perovskite films when formed without added cations. This dedoping effect leads to cleaner bandgaps as reflected by the lower energetic disorder in the monovalent cation-doped perovskite thin films as compared to pristine films. We also find that in contrast to Ag+ and Cu+, Na+ locates mainly at the grain boundaries and surfaces. Our theoretical calculations confirm the observed shifts in X-ray diffraction peaks and Fermi level as well as absence of intrabandgap states upon energetically favorable doping of perovskite lattice by the monovalent cations. We also model a significant change in the local structure, chemical bonding of metal-halide, and the electronic structure in the doped perovskites. In summary, our work highlights the local chemistry and influence of monovalent cation dopants on crystallization and the electronic structure in the doped perovskite thin films.

  • 3.
    Abdu, Yassir
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences. Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics III. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Ericsson, Tore
    Department of Physics. Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics III. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics III. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Fasta tillståndets fysik.
    Field-induced local magnetic moments in γ (FCC) Fe-Ni anti –Invar alloys2004In: J. Mag. Mag. Mater, Vol. 280, p. 243-250Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 4. Ackeby, Susanne
    et al.
    Bollen, Math
    Munkhammar, Joakim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Prosumer with demand-response: Distribution network impact and mitigation2013Report (Refereed)
  • 5.
    Ackeby, Susanne
    et al.
    STRI.
    Bollen, Math
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Munkhammar, Joakim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Prosumer with demand-response:Distribution network impact and mitigation2013Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This report is the result from a project funded by ELFORSK done by STRI. Theproject is studying the effects the introduction of so called “prosumers”(customers with own production) and electrical vehicles will have on differenttypes of networks. Four different cases are studied: covering urban and ruralareas with different types of customers.In the urban areas the power through the transformer will be the limitingfactor. The major impact in the cases studied is from the introduction ofproduction from photovoltaics at the customer-side of the meter. This willresult in an introduction of surplus due to production which in one case led toan increase of the absolute power through the transformer with more than30%, which resulted in transformer overloading.In the rural areas the voltage drop or rise will be the limiting factor. The casesstudied had already high voltage drops even in the base cases. In the casestudies it was seen that the voltage drop could be slightly reduced whenintroducing more local production, but the production also led to that voltagerise could appear. As a result the interval of the voltage variations wasincreased, which in turn leads to difficulties with designing the network suchthat neither overvoltage nor undervoltage occurs.Introducing control algorithms had a very positive effect on reducing the netproduction from the photovoltaics. Using both hard and soft curtailment madeit possible to remove all overcurrents or overvoltages. Using hard curtailment,where all production is turned off during overcurrent or overvoltage, leadshowever to a large reduction in energy from renewable energy sources.Therefore soft curtailment should as much as possible be used.The control algorithms studied for reducing the net consumption had a morelimited effect and even resulted in an increase of the maximum netconsumption. When trying to reduce the net consumption during an overload,the reason of the overload could only be moved in time and not removed as inthe case of reducing the net production. And since often the period duringwhich the power exceeds the limit is longer than the number of hours possibleto move the energy, sometimes moving the energy had an adverse effect.The model used for controlling the net consumption needs furtherdevelopment, but it is still possible to draw the conclusion that this type ofcontrol offers only limited possibilities for mitigating overload or undervoltage.The effects of introducing prosumers and more electrical vehicles as defined inthe selected cases did not show any alarming results in this study. However,studies to learn more about the possible consequences of changes atcustomer-side are important to be able to handle the impact of such changeson the network.Further future studies needed: database with load and production data;improved control algorithms; demonstration project; experience from othercountries and studies on reactive power compensation.

  • 6. Adell, M
    et al.
    Kanski, J
    Stanciu, V
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Fasta tillståndets fysik.
    Ilver, L
    Sadowski, J
    Svedlindh, P
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Fasta tillståndets fysik.
    Comment on “Mn interstitial diffusion in (Ga,Mn)As”2005In: Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 94, p. 139701-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 7. Adell, M
    et al.
    Staniciu, V
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Fasta tillståndets fysik.
    Kanski, J
    Ilver, L
    Sadowski, J
    Domagala, J Z
    Svedlindh, P
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Fasta tillståndets fysik.
    Terki, F
    Hernandez, C
    Charar, S
    Post-growth annealing of (Ga,Mn)As under As capping – an alternative way to increase Tc2005In: Apåpl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 86, p. 112501-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 8. Adell, Martin
    et al.
    Ilver, Lars
    Kanski, Janusz
    Stanciu, Victor
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Svedlindh, Peter
    Sadowski, Janusz
    Domagala, J.Z.
    Terki, F.
    Hernandez, C.
    Charar, S.
    Postgrowth annealing of (Ga,Mn)As under As capping: An alternative way to increase Tc2005In: Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, p. 112501-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 9.
    Agthe, Michael
    et al.
    Stockholm Univ, Arrhenius Lab, Dept Mat & Environm Chem, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wetterskog, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Bergström, Lennart
    Stockholm Univ, Arrhenius Lab, Dept Mat & Environm Chem, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Following the Assembly of Iron Oxide Nanocubes by Video Microscopy and Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring2017In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 33, no 1, p. 303-310Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We have studied the growth of ordered arrays by evaporation-induced self-assembly of iron oxide nanocubes with edge lengths of 6.8 and 10.1 nm using video microscopy (VM) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Ex situ electron diffraction of the ordered arrays demonstrates that the crystal axes of the nanocubes are coaligned and confirms that the ordered arrays are mesocrystals. Time-resolved video microscopy shows that growth of the highly ordered arrays at slow solvent evaporation is controlled by particle diffusion and can be described by a simple growth model. The growth of each mesocrystal depends only on the number of nanoparticles within the accessible region irrespective of the relative time of formation. The mass of the dried mesocrystals estimated from the analysis of the bandwidth-shift-to-frequency-shift ratio correlates well with the total mass of the oleate-coated nanoparticles in the deposited dispersion drop.

  • 10.
    Ahlinder, Linnea
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Ekstrand-Hammarstrom, Barbro
    Geladi, Paul
    Österlund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Large Uptake of Titania and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in the Nucleus of Lung Epithelial Cells as Measured by Raman Imaging and Multivariate Classification2013In: Biophysical Journal, ISSN 0006-3495, E-ISSN 1542-0086, Vol. 105, no 2, p. 310-319Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    It is a challenging task to characterize the biodistribution of nanoparticles in cells and tissue on a subcellular level. Conventional methods to study the interaction of nanoparticles with living cells rely on labeling techniques that either selectively stain the particles or selectively tag them with tracer molecules. In this work, Raman imaging, a label-free technique that requires no extensive sample preparation, was combined with multivariate classification to quantify the spatial distribution of oxide nanoparticles inside living lung epithelial cells (A549). Cells were exposed to TiO2 (titania) and/or alpha-FeO(OH) (goethite) nanoparticles at various incubation times (4 or 48 h). Using multivariate classification of hyperspectral Raman data with partial least-squares discriminant analysis, we show that a surprisingly large fraction of spectra, classified as belonging to the cell nucleus, show Raman bands associated with nanoparticles. Up to 40% of spectra from the cell nucleus show Raman bands associated with nanoparticles. Complementary transmission electron microscopy data for thin cell sections qualitatively support the conclusions.

  • 11.
    Ahlinder, Linnea
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Henych, Jiří
    Wiklund Lindström, Susanne
    Ekstrand-Hammarström, Barbro
    Stengl, Václav
    Österlund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Graphene oxide nanoparticle attachment and its toxicity on living lung epithelial cells2015In: RSC Advances, E-ISSN 2046-2069, Vol. 5, no 73, p. 59447-59457Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since its discovery, graphene and its oxidized form, graphene oxide (GO), have attracted interest in a wide range of technical applications. Concerns about their potential toxicity calls for scrutinized studies, but hitherto conflicting results have been reported which partly may be due to variations of synthesis and exposure procedures. Here we report on the attachment and toxicity of contamination-free graphene oxide nanoparticles (GONP) in living lung epithelial cells. The synthesis of chemically pure GONP was made by an improvement of the Hummer's method based on graphene exfoliated from graphite using high-intensity ultrasonication, resulting in two dimensional sheets with a lateral dimension in the range 200 nm to 3 mu m and thickness of 0.9 nm. Confocal Raman spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis was used to study the interaction of GONP and living cells. It is shown that overlapping Raman bands due to GONPs and biomolecules in the cells can clearly be separated with this approach. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis was used to compare spectral data collected from cells exposed to GONP with spectral data collected from non-exposed control cells, and spectral data from cells exposed to a surfactant known to induce apoptosis. Our analyses show that GONP readily attach to the cells, forming sheets which cover a large fraction of the cell surfaces, and induce small chemical changes. In particular, chemical modifications of proteins and lipids in lung epithelial cells are inferred. GONPs do not, however, decrease cell viability. In contrast, enhanced cell proliferation is observed. Our results shed new light on the interactions of GO, and in contrast to some previous reports, suggest that GO is not toxic. The hyperspectral Raman spectroscopy analysis employed here should be applicable for other fields in nanomedicine as a label-free non-perturbing analytical method.

  • 12.
    Ahlinder, Linnea
    et al.
    Swedish Def Res Agcy, FOI, Cementvagen 20, SE-90182 Umea, Sweden..
    Lindstrom, Susanne Wiklund
    Swedish Def Res Agcy, FOI, Cementvagen 20, SE-90182 Umea, Sweden..
    Lejon, Christian
    Swedish Def Res Agcy, FOI, Cementvagen 20, SE-90182 Umea, Sweden..
    Geladi, Paul
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Biomat & Technol, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden..
    Österlund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Noise Removal with Maintained Spatial Resolution in Raman Images of Cells Exposed to Submicron Polystyrene Particles2016In: Nanomaterials, E-ISSN 2079-4991, Vol. 6, no 5, article id UNSP 83Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The biodistribution of 300 nm polystyrene particles in A549 lung epithelial cells has been studied with confocal Raman spectroscopy. This is a label-free method in which particles and cells can be imaged without using dyes or fluorescent labels. The main drawback with Raman imaging is the comparatively low spatial resolution, which is aggravated in heterogeneous systems such as biological samples, which in addition often require long measurement times because of their weak Raman signal. Long measurement times may however induce laser-induced damage. In this study we use a super-resolution algorithm with Tikhonov regularization, intended to improve the image quality without demanding an increased number of collected pixels. Images of cells exposed to polystyrene particles have been acquired with two different step lengths, i.e., the distance between pixels, and compared to each other and to corresponding images treated with the super-resolution algorithm. It is shown that the resolution after application of super-resolution algorithms is not significantly improved compared to the theoretical limit for optical microscopy. However, to reduce noise and artefacts in the hyperspectral Raman images while maintaining the spatial resolution, we show that it is advantageous to use short mapping step lengths and super-resolution algorithms with appropriate regularization. The proposed methodology should be generally applicable for Raman imaging of biological samples and other photo-sensitive samples.

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  • 13. Ahlinder, Linnea
    et al.
    Österlund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Hyperspektral analys av celler och vävnad exponerade för luftburna partiklar2010Report (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Ahlinder, Linnea
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Österlund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Wiklund Lindström, Susanne
    Raman mapping and hyperspectral data analysis2010Report (Refereed)
  • 15.
    Ahlqvist, Carolina Marianne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Projektorganiseringen som drivkraft och hinder för industriell förnyelse i byggindustrin: en fallstudie av Skandionkliniken2014Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Understanding how innovation and renewal occurs in an industry is important for how to manage technical development for individual companies. It is also important for creating a beneficial industrial context for renewal, from both a political and an industrial perspective, in which new solutions can arise and spread through the involvement of several actors of the industry. How innovation and renewal occurs in the construction industry in Sweden is however viewed differently. One challenge that has been pointed to is that most of the work performed in the construction industry is organized in projects, which in turn should affect how innovation and renewal can be achieved.

     

    The aim of this thesis is to provide an understanding of how the project organizing in the industry affects innovation and renewal. This is executed through a case study of the construction of Skandionkliniken, a proton therapy clinic, and by using an industrial network theory that challenges the traditional view of how innovation is achieved. One important understanding drawn from this study is that renewal is created in the interface between companies and their resources. The kinds of innovation and renewal that can take place in the projects highly rely on technical interdependencies and organizational features of the involved actors. Three conclusions are drawn from this study; firstly, innovation and renewal in the construction industry occurs gradually across projects, secondly, the type of innovation that occurs is not what is expected from a traditional point of view, and thirdly, therefore it is not necessarily obvious when or how it takes place, which has implications both for policy and company management.

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  • 16. Ahniyaz, Anwar
    et al.
    Seisenbaeva, Gulam A.
    Häggström, Lennart
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Materials Physics.
    Kamali, Saeed
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Materials Physics.
    Kessler, Vadim G.
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Johansson, Christer
    Bergström, Lennart
    Preparation of iron oxide nanocrystals by surfactant-free or oleic acid-assisted thermal decomposition of a Fe(III) alkoxide2008In: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, ISSN 0304-8853, E-ISSN 1873-4766, Vol. 320, no 6, p. 781-787Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A new non-hydrolytic, alkoxide-based route was developed to synthesize iron oxide nanocrystals. Surfactant-free thermal decomposition of the iron 2-methoxy-ethoxide precursors results in the formation of uniform iron oxide nanocrystals with an average size of 5.6 nm. Transmission electron microscope study shows that the nanocrystals are protected against aggregation by a repulsive surface layer, probably originating from the alkoxy-alkoxide ligands. Addition of oleic acid resulted in monodisperse nanocrystals with an average size of 4 nm. Mössbauer analysis confirmed that the nanocrystals mainly consisted of maghemite. Analysis of the magnetic hysteresis loop measurements and the zero field and field cooled measurements displayed an excellent fit to established theories for single-domain superparamagnetic nanocrystals and the size of the magnetic domains correlated well to the crystallite size obtained from transmission electron microscope.

  • 17. Ahrentorp, Fredrik
    et al.
    Astalan, Andrea
    Blomgren, Jakob
    Jonasson, Christian
    Wetterskog, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Svedlindh, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Lak, Aidin
    Ludwig, Frank
    Van IJzendoorn, Leo J.
    Westphal, Fritz
    Gruettner, Cordula
    Gehrke, Nicole
    Gustafsson, Stefan
    Olsson, Eva
    Johansson, Christer
    Effective particle magnetic moment of multi-core particles2015In: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, ISSN 0304-8853, E-ISSN 1873-4766, Vol. 380, p. 221-226Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study we investigate the magnetic behavior of magnetic multi-core particles and the differences in the magnetic properties of multi-core and single-core nanoparticles and correlate the results with the nanostructure of the different particles as determined from transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We also investigate how the effective particle magnetic moment is coupled to the individual moments of the single-domain nanocrystals by using different measurement techniques: DC magnetometry, AC susceptometry, dynamic light scattering and TEM. We have studied two magnetic multi-core particle systems BNF Starch from Micromod with a median particle diameter of 100 am and FeraSpin R from nanoPET with a median particle diameter of 70 nm - and one single-core particle system - SHP25 from Ocean NanoTech with a median particle core diameter of 25 nm. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 18.
    Aijaz, Asim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Ji, Yu-Xia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Granqvist, Claes G
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Niklasson, Gunnar A
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Kubart, Tomás
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Electronics.
    Low-temperature synthesis of thermochromic vanadium dioxide thin films using reactive magnetron sputtering2015In: Abstracts, 2015Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 19.
    Aijaz, Asim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Electronics.
    Ji, Yu-Xia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Montero, Jose
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Granqvist, Claes-Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Kubart, Tomáš
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Electronics.
    Deposition of thermochromic vanadium dioxide thin films by reactive high power impulse magnetron sputtering2014Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Vanadium dioxide exhibits a reversible phase transition from semiconducting state (monoclinic structure) to a metallic state (tetragonal structure) at ~68 oC. This so-called metal-insulator transition (MIT) entails thermochromic behavior manifested by large changes in optical properties, such as high infrared transmittance modulation in thin films, thereby making VO2-based films a suitable candidate for optical switching applications such as self-tunable infrared filters. Thermochromic VO2 thin films have been widely investigated for optical applications, but high growth temperatures (> 400 oC) required for synthesizing crystalline VO2 thin films, high MIT temperature (68 oC) as well as low visible transmittance (typically ~50%) limit their applicability for example for energy efficient smart windows.

     

    Synthesis of metal-oxide thin films using highly ionized vapor fluxes has been shown to facilitate low-temperature film growth as well as control over phase formation and resulting film properties. In the present work, we synthesize VO2 thin films by use of highly ionized vapor fluxes that are generated by high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). In order to establish a correlation between the plasma and film properties, we investigate the discharge characteristics by analyzing the discharge current-voltage characteristics under varied process parameters such as peak-power, pulse-width and gas phase composition and grow VO2 thin films under suitable process conditions. We investigate the effect of growth temperature (room temperature to 500 oC), energy of the deposition flux (controlled by substrate bias potential) and type of substrate (Si, glass, ITO-coated glass) on crystallinity, phase formation and on optical properties (visible transmittance and infrared modulation) of the resulting thin films. For reference, the discharge characteristics and properties of films deposited by pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering are also studied.         

  • 20.
    Aijaz, Asim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Electronics.
    Ji, Yu-Xia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Montero, Jose
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Niklasson, Gunnar A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Granqvist, Claes G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Kubart, Tomas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Electronics.
    Low-temperature synthesis of thermochromic vanadium dioxide thin films by reactive high power impulse magnetron sputtering2016In: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, ISSN 0927-0248, E-ISSN 1879-3398, Vol. 149, p. 137-144Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Thermochromic (TC) vanadium dioxide thin films provide means for controlling solar energy throughput and can be used for energy-saving applications such as smart windows. One of the factors limiting the deployment of VO2 films in TC devices is the growth temperature tau(s). At present, temperatures in excess of 450 degrees C are required, which clearly can be an impediment especially for temperature-sensitive substrates. Here we address the issue of high tau(s) by synthesizing VO2 thin films from highly ionized fluxes of depositing species generated in high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) discharges. The use of ions facilitates low-temperature film growth because the energy of the depositing species can be readily manipulated by substrate bias. For comparison, films were also synthesized by pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering. Structural and optical characterization of VO2 thin films on ITO-coated glass substrates confirms previous results that HiPIMS allows tau(s) to be reduced from 500 to 300 degrees C. Importantly, we demonstrated that HiPIMS permits the composition and TC response of the films to be tuned by altering the energy of the deposition flux via substrate bias. An optimum ion energy of 100 eV was identified, which points at a potential for further reduction of tau(s) thereby opening new possibilities for industrially-relevant applications of VO2-based TC thin films. Weak TC activity was observed even at tau(s) approximate to 200 degrees C in HiPIMS-produced films.

  • 21.
    Ajamlou, Robin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Nyman, Emma
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Provisorisk takbelysning vid byggarbetsplatser: En studie av belysningens funktion och dess påverkan på yrkesarbetaren2018Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This report explores the definitions of general- and work lighting in an indoor construction site and how the lighting affects a construction worker. This in order to clarify the controversial topic of: which purpose the ceiling lighting has, thus making the lighting plan optimal. This study was made in cooperation with Skanska Sweden AB. The main ceiling lighting-device in Skanska Sweden is a custom made LED-lamp which is the main tool that this research is based on. The main research methods are project site visits, interviews and surveys in combination with literature studies, and also practical measurements and simulations of the LED-lamps. The results of the interviews and surveys show that comprehension of the functions of the ceiling lighting varies among Skanska Sweden employees. While construction workers generally refer to work lighting when addressing ceiling lighting, the managers tend to refer to general lighting or as a tool to orientate the building. Although, how general lighting is defined, varies among the employees. With that said, the simulations reveal that a reasonable amount of a ceiling lighting will not fulfil the requirements for work lighting for all construction operations. Furthermore, our results from the interviews and surveys confirm those from previous studies; that lighting is essential for the well-being of people. A poorly illuminated workspace dulls one’s work performance and effects one’s health in both the short- and long terms. A well-lit workspace can, on the other hand, reduce the potential health and safety risks on a construction site and also ease multiple work tasks. There are currently no clear assembling routines of ceiling lighting. Therefore, to create consensus on the purpose of lighting and the health and safety prospects that come with it, this report recommends possible solutions and clarifications of the issues and misinterpretations in the matter.

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  • 22.
    Akansel, Serkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Magnetization Dynamics in Ferromagnetic Thin Films: Evaluation of Different Contributions to Damping in Co2FeAl and FeCo Film Structures2018Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Static and dynamic magnetic properties of Co2FeAl and Fe65Co35 alloys have been investigated. Co2FeAl films were deposited at different temperatures and the deposition parameters were optimized with respect to structural and magnetic properties. As a result, a film with B2 crystalline phase was obtained without any post-annealing process. A lowest magnetic damping parameter of  was obtained for the film deposited at 573K. This obtained low value is comparable to the lowest values reported in research literature.  After optimizing the deposition parameters of this alloy, different seed layers and capping layers were added adjacent to the Co2FeAl layer and the effect of these layers on the magnetic relaxation was investigated. In addition to adding nonmagnetic layers to Co2FeAl, the dependence of the magnetic damping parameter with respect to the thickness of Co2FeAl was investigated by depositing films with different thicknesses. A temperature dependent study of the magnetic damping parameter was also performed and the measured damping parameters were compared with theoretically calculated intrinsic Gilbert damping parameters. Different extrinsic contributions to the magnetic damping, such as two magnon scattering, spin pumping, eddy-current damping and radiative damping, were identified and subtracted from the experimentally obtained damping parameter. Hence, it was possible to obtain the intrinsic damping parameter, that is called the Gilbert damping parameter.

    In the second part of the thesis, Fe65Co35 alloys were investigated in terms of static and dynamic magnetic properties. Fe65Co35 films were deposited without and with different seed layers in order to first understand the effect of the seed layer on static magnetic properties of the films, such as the coercivity of the films. Then the films with seed layers yielding the lowest coercivity were investigated in terms of dynamic magnetic properties. Fe65Co35 films with different rhenium dopant concentrations and with ruthenium as the seed and capping layer were also investigated. The purpose of this study was to increase the damping parameter of the films and an increase of about ~230% was obtained by adding the dopant to the structure. This study was performed at different temperatures and after subtraction of the extrinsic contributions to the damping, the experimental values were compared with theoretically calculated values of the Gilbert damping parameter. During the thesis work, magnetic looper and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometers set-ups were used for static magnetic measurements and cavity, broadband in-plane and broadband out-of-plane ferromagnetic resonance set-ups were used for dynamic measurements.

    List of papers
    1. Thickness dependent enhancement of damping in Co2FeAl/β-Ta thin films
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Thickness dependent enhancement of damping in Co2FeAl/β-Ta thin films
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    2018 (English)In: Physical Review B, ISSN 2469-9950, E-ISSN 2469-9969, Vol. 97, no 13, article id 134421Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    In the present work Co2FeAl (CFA) thin films were deposited by ion beam sputtering on Si (100) substrates at the optimized deposition temperature of 300°C. A series of CFA films with different thickness (tCFA ); 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 nm were prepared and all samples were capped with a 5 nm thick b-Ta layer. The thickness dependent static and dynamic properties of the films were studied by SQUID magnetometry, in-plane as well as out-of-plane broadband VNA-FMR measurements and angle dependent cavity FMR measurements. The saturation magnetization and the coercive field were found to be weakly thickness dependent and lie in the range 900 – 950 kA/m and 0.53 – 0.87 kA/m, respectively. The effective damping parameter ( αeff) extracted from in-plane and out-of-plane FMR results reveal a 1/tCFA dependence, the values for the in-plane αeff being larger due to two-magnon scattering (TMS). The origin of the αeff thickness dependence is spin pumping into the non-magnetic b-Ta layer and in case of the in-plane  αeff also a thickness dependent TMS contribution. From the out-of-plane FMR results, it was possible to disentangle the different contributions to αeff   and to the extract values for the intrinsic Gilbert damping (αG ) and the effective spin-mixing conductance (g_eff^↑↓ ) of the CFA/ b-Ta interface, yielding αG=1.1X10-3 and g_eff^↑↓=2.90x1019 m-2.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    American Physical Society, 2018
    Keywords
    Magnetization dynamics, magnetic thin films, Gilbert damping, ferromagnetic resonance
    National Category
    Condensed Matter Physics Materials Engineering
    Research subject
    Physics with spec. in Atomic, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-345848 (URN)10.1103/PhysRevB.97.134421 (DOI)000430544300002 ()
    Funder
    Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2012.0031
    Available from: 2018-03-12 Created: 2018-03-12 Last updated: 2018-06-26Bibliographically approved
    2. Enhanched Gilbert Damping in Re doped FeCo Films: A combined experimental and theoretical study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Enhanched Gilbert Damping in Re doped FeCo Films: A combined experimental and theoretical study
    Show others...
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The effects of rhenium doping in the range 0 – 10 at% on the static and dynamic magnetic properties of Fe65Co35 thin films have been studied experimentally as well as with first principles electronic structure calculations focussing on the change of the saturation magnetization (Ms ) and the Gilbert damping parameter (α ). Both experimental and theoretical results show that Ms decreases with increasing Re doping level, while at the same time α increases.  The experimental low temperature saturation magnetic induction exhibits a 29% decrease, from 2.31T to 1.64T, in the investigated doping concentration range, which is more than predicted by the theoretical calculations. The room temperature value of the damping parameter obtained from ferromagnetic resonance measurements, correcting for extrinsic contributions to the damping, is for the undoped sample 2.7X103, which is close to the Gilbert damping parameter extracted from the theoretical calculations. The room temperature experimental value for the damping parameter increases to  9X103 when doping with 10 at% Re; the corresponding increase of the Gilbert damping parameter obtained from theoretical calculations is 7.3X103. Both experimental and theoretical values for the damping parameter weakly decrease with decreasing temperature.

    Keywords
    Magnetization dynamics, magnetic thin films, Gilbert damping, ferromagnetic resonance
    National Category
    Condensed Matter Physics
    Research subject
    Physics with spec. in Atomic, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-345854 (URN)
    Funder
    Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2012.0031
    Available from: 2018-03-12 Created: 2018-03-12 Last updated: 2018-03-12
    3. Effect of seed layers on dynamic and static magnetic properties of Fe65Co35 thin films
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effect of seed layers on dynamic and static magnetic properties of Fe65Co35 thin films
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    2018 (English)In: Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, ISSN 0022-3727, E-ISSN 1361-6463, Vol. 51, no 30, article id 305001Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Fe65Co35 thin films have been deposited on SiO2 substrates using sputtering technique with different choices of seed layer; Ru, Ni82.5Fe17.5, Rh, Y and Zr. Best soft magnetic properties were observed with seed layers of Ru, Ni82.5Fe17.5 and Rh. Adding these seed layers, the coercivity of the Fe65Co35 films decreased to values of around 1.5 mT, which can be compared to the value of 12.5 mT obtained for films deposited without seed layer. Further investigations were performed on samples with these three seed layers in terms of dynamic magnetic properties, both on as prepared and annealed samples, using constant frequency cavity and broadband ferromagnetic resonance measurements. Damping parameters of around 8.0X10-3 and 4.5X10-3 were obtained from in-plane and out-of-plane measurements, respectively, for as prepared samples, values that were reduced to 6.5X10-3 and 4.0X10-3 for annealed samples.

    Keywords
    Magnetization dynamics, magnetic thin films, Gilbert damping, ferromagnetic resonance
    National Category
    Condensed Matter Physics Engineering and Technology
    Research subject
    Physics with spec. in Atomic, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-345853 (URN)10.1088/1361-6463/aaccc0 (DOI)000437408700001 ()
    Funder
    Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2012.0031
    Available from: 2018-03-12 Created: 2018-03-12 Last updated: 2021-10-29Bibliographically approved
    4. Growth of Co2FeAl Heusler alloy thin films on Si(100) having very small Gilbert damping by Ion beam sputtering
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Growth of Co2FeAl Heusler alloy thin films on Si(100) having very small Gilbert damping by Ion beam sputtering
    Show others...
    2016 (English)In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 6, article id 28692Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    The influence of growth temperature T-s (300-773 K) on the structural phase ordering, static and dynamic magnetization behaviour has been investigated in ion beam sputtered full Heusler alloy Co2FeAl (CFA) thin films on industrially important Si(100) substrate. The B2 type magnetic ordering is established in these films based on the clear observation of the (200) diffraction peak. These ion beam sputtered CFA films possess very small surface roughness of the order of subatomic dimensions (<3 angstrom) as determined from the fitting of XRR spectra and also by AFM imaging. This is supported by the occurrence of distinct Kiessig fringes spanning over the whole scanning range (similar to 4 degrees) in the x-ray reflectivity (XRR) spectra. The Gilbert damping constant alpha and effective magnetization 4 pi M-eff are found to vary from 0.0053 +/- 0.0002 to 0.0015 +/- 0.0001 and 13.45 +/- 00.03 kG to 14.03 +/- 0.04 kG, respectively. These Co2FeAl films possess saturation magnetization ranging from 4.82 +/- 0.09 to 5.22 +/- 0.10 mu(B)/f.u. consistent with the bulk L2(1)-type ordering. A record low alpha-value of 0.0015 is obtained for Co2FeAl films deposited on Si substrate at T-s similar to 573 K.

    National Category
    Other Physics Topics Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-299867 (URN)10.1038/srep28692 (DOI)000378783900001 ()27357004 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2016-07-28 Created: 2016-07-28 Last updated: 2022-09-15Bibliographically approved
    5. Static and dynamic properties of Co2FeAl thin films: Effect of MgO and Ta as capping layers
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Static and dynamic properties of Co2FeAl thin films: Effect of MgO and Ta as capping layers
    Show others...
    2017 (English)In: 61ST DAE-SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM, 2017, Vol. 1832, article id 080007-1Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The influence of MgO and Ta capping layers on the static and dynamic magnetic properties of Co2FeAl (CFA) Heusler alloy thin films has been investigated. It is observed that the CFA film deposited with MgO capping layer is preeminent compared to the uncapped or Ta capped CFA film. In particular, the magnetic inhomogeneity contribution to the ferromagnetic resonance line broadening and damping constant are found to be minimal for the MgO capped CFA thin film i.e., 0.12±0.01 Oe and 0.0074±0.00014, respectively. The saturationmagnetization was found to be 960±25emu/cc.

    Series
    AIP Conference Proceedings, ISSN 0094-243X
    Keywords
    Heusler alloy, MgO, Gilbert damping
    National Category
    Physical Sciences Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-332482 (URN)10.1063/1.4980467 (DOI)000412824400289 ()978-0-7354-1500-3 (ISBN)
    Conference
    61st DAE-Solid State Physics Symposium, DEC 26-30, 2016, KIIT Univ, Bhubaneswar, INDIA
    Projects
    Knut and Alice Wallenberg (KAW) Foundation, Grant No. KAW 2012.0031.
    Available from: 2017-10-27 Created: 2017-10-27 Last updated: 2018-03-29Bibliographically approved
    6. Temperature-dependent Gilbert damping of Co2FeAl thin films with different degree of atomic order
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Temperature-dependent Gilbert damping of Co2FeAl thin films with different degree of atomic order
    Show others...
    2017 (English)In: Physical Review B, ISSN 2469-9950, E-ISSN 2469-9969, Vol. 96, no 224425Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Half-metallicity and low magnetic damping are perpetually sought for spintronics materials, and full Heusler compounds in this respect provide outstanding properties. However, it is challenging to obtain the well-ordered half-metallic phase in as-deposited full Heusler compound thin films, and theory has struggled to establish a fundamental understanding of the temperature-dependent Gilbert damping in these systems. Here we present a study of the temperature-dependent Gilbert damping of differently ordered as-deposited Co2FeAl full Heusler compound thin films. The sum of inter- and intraband electron scattering in conjunction with the finite electron lifetime in Bloch states governs the Gilbert damping for the well-ordered phase, in contrast to the damping of partially ordered and disordered phases which is governed by interband electronic scattering alone. These results, especially the ultralow room-temperature intrinsic damping observed for the well-ordered phase, provide fundamental insights into the physical origin of the Gilbert damping in full Heusler compound thin films.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    American Physical Society, 2017
    Keywords
    Gilbert damping, full Heusler compound, Temperature Dependent Gilbert damping, Thin Films, Density of states
    National Category
    Condensed Matter Physics Engineering and Technology
    Research subject
    Engineering Science with specialization in Solid State Physics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-337305 (URN)10.1103/PhysRevB.96.224425 (DOI)000418572700007 ()
    Funder
    Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, KAW 2012.0031Göran Gustafsson Foundation for promotion of scientific research at Uppala University and Royal Institute of Technology, GGS1403ASwedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC)
    Available from: 2017-12-22 Created: 2017-12-22 Last updated: 2018-03-12
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  • 23.
    Akansel, Serkan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Kumar, Ankit
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Behera, Nilamani
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Husain, Sajid
    Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
    Brucas, Rimantas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Chaudhary, Sujeet
    Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
    Svedlindh, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Thickness dependent enhancement of damping in Co2FeAl/β-Ta thin films2018In: Physical Review B, ISSN 2469-9950, E-ISSN 2469-9969, Vol. 97, no 13, article id 134421Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the present work Co2FeAl (CFA) thin films were deposited by ion beam sputtering on Si (100) substrates at the optimized deposition temperature of 300°C. A series of CFA films with different thickness (tCFA ); 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 nm were prepared and all samples were capped with a 5 nm thick b-Ta layer. The thickness dependent static and dynamic properties of the films were studied by SQUID magnetometry, in-plane as well as out-of-plane broadband VNA-FMR measurements and angle dependent cavity FMR measurements. The saturation magnetization and the coercive field were found to be weakly thickness dependent and lie in the range 900 – 950 kA/m and 0.53 – 0.87 kA/m, respectively. The effective damping parameter ( αeff) extracted from in-plane and out-of-plane FMR results reveal a 1/tCFA dependence, the values for the in-plane αeff being larger due to two-magnon scattering (TMS). The origin of the αeff thickness dependence is spin pumping into the non-magnetic b-Ta layer and in case of the in-plane  αeff also a thickness dependent TMS contribution. From the out-of-plane FMR results, it was possible to disentangle the different contributions to αeff   and to the extract values for the intrinsic Gilbert damping (αG ) and the effective spin-mixing conductance (g_eff^↑↓ ) of the CFA/ b-Ta interface, yielding αG=1.1X10-3 and g_eff^↑↓=2.90x1019 m-2.

  • 24.
    Akansel, Serkan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Kumar, Ankit
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Venugopal, Vijayaharan A.
    Seagate Technol, Londonderry BT48 0BF, North Ireland.
    Esteban-Puyuelo, Raquel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory.
    Banerjee, Rudra
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory.
    Autieri, Carmine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory.
    Brucas, Rimantas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Behera, Nilamani
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Sortica, Mauricio A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Primetzhofer, Daniel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Basu, Swaraj
    Seagate Technol, Londonderry BT48 0BF, North Ireland.
    Gubbins, Mark A.
    Seagate Technol, Londonderry BT48 0BF, North Ireland.
    Sanyal, Biplab
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory.
    Svedlindh, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Enhanced Gilbert damping in Re-doped FeCo films: Combined experimental and theoretical study2019In: Physical Review B, ISSN 2469-9950, E-ISSN 2469-9969, Vol. 99, no 17, article id 174408Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effects of rhenium doping in the range 0-10 at.% on the static and dynamic magnetic properties of Fe65Co35 thin films have been studied experimentally as well as with first-principles electronic structure calculations focusing on the change of the saturation magnetization (M-s) and the Gilbert damping parameter (alpha). Both experimental and theoretical results show that M-s decreases with increasing Re-doping level, while at the same time alpha increases. The experimental low temperature saturation magnetic induction exhibits a 29% decrease, from 2.31 to 1.64 T, in the investigated doping concentration range, which is more than predicted by the theoretical calculations. The room temperature value of the damping parameter obtained from ferromagnetic resonance measurements, correcting for extrinsic contributions to the damping, is for the undoped sample 2.1 x 10(-3), which is close to the theoretically calculated Gilbert damping parameter. With 10 at.% Re doping, the damping parameter increases to 7.8 x 10(-3), which is in good agreement with the theoretical value of 7.3 x 10(-3). The increase in damping parameter with Re doping is explained by the increase in the density of states at the Fermi level, mostly contributed by the spin-up channel of Re. Moreover, both experimental and theoretical values for the damping parameter weakly decrease with decreasing temperature.

  • 25.
    Akansel, Serkan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Kumar, Ankit
    Venugopal, Vijayaharan
    Banerjee, Rudra
    Autieri, Carmine
    Brucas, Rimantas
    Behera, Nilamani
    Sortica, Mauricio
    Primetzhofer, Daniel
    Basu, Swaraj
    Gubbins, Mark
    Sanyal, Biplab
    Svedlindh, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Enhanched Gilbert Damping in Re doped FeCo Films: A combined experimental and theoretical studyManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The effects of rhenium doping in the range 0 – 10 at% on the static and dynamic magnetic properties of Fe65Co35 thin films have been studied experimentally as well as with first principles electronic structure calculations focussing on the change of the saturation magnetization (Ms ) and the Gilbert damping parameter (α ). Both experimental and theoretical results show that Ms decreases with increasing Re doping level, while at the same time α increases.  The experimental low temperature saturation magnetic induction exhibits a 29% decrease, from 2.31T to 1.64T, in the investigated doping concentration range, which is more than predicted by the theoretical calculations. The room temperature value of the damping parameter obtained from ferromagnetic resonance measurements, correcting for extrinsic contributions to the damping, is for the undoped sample 2.7X103, which is close to the Gilbert damping parameter extracted from the theoretical calculations. The room temperature experimental value for the damping parameter increases to  9X103 when doping with 10 at% Re; the corresponding increase of the Gilbert damping parameter obtained from theoretical calculations is 7.3X103. Both experimental and theoretical values for the damping parameter weakly decrease with decreasing temperature.

  • 26.
    Akansel, Serkan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Venugopal, Vijayaharan
    Kumar, Ankit
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Gupta, Rahul
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Brucas, Rimantas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    George, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Neagu, Alexandra
    Tai, Cheuk-Wai
    Gubbins, Mark
    Andersson, Gabriella
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Svedlindh, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Effect of seed layers on dynamic and static magnetic properties of Fe65Co35 thin films2018In: Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, ISSN 0022-3727, E-ISSN 1361-6463, Vol. 51, no 30, article id 305001Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Fe65Co35 thin films have been deposited on SiO2 substrates using sputtering technique with different choices of seed layer; Ru, Ni82.5Fe17.5, Rh, Y and Zr. Best soft magnetic properties were observed with seed layers of Ru, Ni82.5Fe17.5 and Rh. Adding these seed layers, the coercivity of the Fe65Co35 films decreased to values of around 1.5 mT, which can be compared to the value of 12.5 mT obtained for films deposited without seed layer. Further investigations were performed on samples with these three seed layers in terms of dynamic magnetic properties, both on as prepared and annealed samples, using constant frequency cavity and broadband ferromagnetic resonance measurements. Damping parameters of around 8.0X10-3 and 4.5X10-3 were obtained from in-plane and out-of-plane measurements, respectively, for as prepared samples, values that were reduced to 6.5X10-3 and 4.0X10-3 for annealed samples.

  • 27.
    Akhtar, Sultan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Experimental Physics.
    Strömberg, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Zardán Gómez de la Torre, Teresa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Russell, Camilla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Gunnarsson, Klas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Nilsson, Mats
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Svedlindh, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Strömme, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Leifer, Klaus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Experimental Physics.
    Real-Space Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigations of Attachment of Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles to DNA-Coils Acting as a Biosensor2010In: Journal of Physical Chemistry B, ISSN 1520-6106, E-ISSN 1520-5207, Vol. 114, no 41, p. 13255-13262Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The present work provides the first real-space analysis of nanobead-DNA coil interactions. Immobilization of oligonucleotide-functionalized magnetic nanobeads in rolling circle amplified DNA-coils was studied by complex magnetization measurements and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and a statistical analysis of the number of beads hybridized to the DNA-coils was performed. The average number of beads per DNAcoil using the results from both methods was found to be around 6 and slightly above 2 for samples with 40 and 130 nm beads, respectively. The TEM analysis supported an earlier hypothesis that 40 nm beads are preferably immobilized in the interior of DNA-coils whereas 130 nm beads, to a larger extent, are immobilized closer to the exterior of the coils. The methodology demonstrated in the present work should open up new possibilities for characterization of interactions of a large variety of functionalized nanoparticles with macromolecules, useful for gaining more fundamental understanding of such interactions as well as for optimizing a number of biosensor applications.

  • 28.
    Akhter, Shahida
    et al.
    Univ Chittagong, Dept Phys, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh..
    Hakim, M. A.
    BUET, Dept Glass & Ceram Engn, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Hoque, S. M.
    Atom Energy Ctr, Mat Sci Div, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh..
    Mathieu, Roland
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Glassy behavior of diluted Cu-Zn ferrites2018In: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, ISSN 0304-8853, E-ISSN 1873-4766, Vol. 452, p. 261-265Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The magnetic behavior of Zn substituted Cu-Zn spinel ferrites having chemical formula Cu1-xZnxFe2O4 (x = 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0) has been studied by SQUID magnetometry, by means of magnetic hysteresis, field-cooled (FC) and zero-field-cooled (ZFC) magnetization, memory effect and low field ac susceptibility measurements. These measurements suggest that the ferrimagnetic phase of the x <= 0.8 samples is gradually turned into a spin glass (x >= 0.9). The compound with x = 0.9 exhibits the typical dynamical behavior of spin glasses, with indication of aging, rejuvenation and memory effects. The evolution of the magnetic properties of Cu-Zn spinel ferrites with substitution of Zn for Cu is discussed.

  • 29. Akhter, Shahida
    et al.
    Paul, D. P.
    Hoque, S. M.
    Hakim, M. A.
    Hudl, Matthias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Mathieu, Roland
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Cu1-xZnxFe2O4 (x=0.6, 0.7, 0.8) ferrites2014In: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, ISSN 0304-8853, E-ISSN 1873-4766, Vol. 367, p. 75-80Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effect of Zn substitution on the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Cu1-xZnxFe2O4 (x=0.6, 0.7, 0.8) ferrites over a wide temperature range has been investigated. The polycrystalline samples were synthesized using the solid-state reaction at sintering temperature 1050 degrees C (1323 K) for 2 h and has been characterized by SQUID magnetometry. Magnetization versus temperature showed that all samples exhibit a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition with decreasing temperature. The Curie temperature T-c is found to decrease from 373 K for x=0.6 to 140 K for x=0.8 as well as the saturation magnetization Ms which shifts from 100 to 44 emu/gm. The magnetocaloric effect was obtained by measuring a family of M-I1 curves at set temperature intervals and calculating the entropy change, LIS for this system using the Maxwell relation. The AS of all samples increased with increasing applied field and showed a maximum around their respective 'Fe. The entropy change (Delta S) decreased with increasing Zn content, whereas the relative cooling power (RCP) slightly increased. The large RCP and Delta S found in Zn substitution Cu-Zn ferrites will be interesting for magnetic refrigeration near room temperature.

  • 30.
    Alarcón, Mathias
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Landau, Robin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Resilience-enhancement through Renewable Energy Microgrid Systems in rural El Salvador2019Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This Master thesis investigates how Renewable Energy Microgrid Systems (REMS) can enhance resilience for a rural grid-connected community in El Salvador. The study examines the optimally resilient design of a grid-connected PV-Wind-Battery hybrid energy system. The optimally resilient system configuration was determined based on energy affordability, defined as minimum net present cost (NPC) and energy reliability, which was defined as a 1% maximum annual capacity shortage. The system modelling and optimisation was performed in the HOMER (Hybrid Optimisation of Multiple Energy Resources) software, where the system was optimised for different scenarios.

    The results of this study show that REMS can enhance resilience by lowering electricity costs for the community and thus increasing energy affordability. However, the REMS did not manage to make an equally substantial impact on energy reliability, due to the grid performance that proved to be high with few annual power outages. Besides the grid connection, the optimally resilient system was driven entirely by PV energy since it proved to be highly profitable. Wind power and battery storage were excluded from the optimally resilient system since they did not contribute to affordability and the capacity shortage limit was met already from the PV unit and the grid. Furthermore, the results show that self-sufficiency can be provided with REMS from the local energy resources, but that it is unrealistic with current costs due to the high battery prices. The study concludes that REMS should be considered as a legitimate resilience measure in rural El Salvador.

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  • 31.
    Alenius, Jonas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Analys och vidareutveckling av marknadsstyrd effekttariff inom eldistribution: En fallstudie av Sandviken Energi Elnät AB:s effekttariff2017Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This master thesis evaluates the incentives of a newly implemented market controlled network tariff by analyzing consumption data and constructing a time-differentiated debiting model. The tariff was implemented by Sandviken Energi Elnät AB and the thesis evaluates its customers consumption data compared to data provided by Sundsvall Elnät AB. The differences in data is evaluated by statistical tests of Students t-test, Bayesian t-test and χ2-test with the result that no statistically significant change in user pattern can be found and thus an elucidation of the incentives must be made in the form of a hourly time-differentiated debating model. The thesis also evaluates the cost incentives of the model compared to spot prices where it is shown that the tariff model can benefit much from the spot prices hourly incentives in its hourly time-differentiated model. Five time-differentiated models were constructed and presented where three uses a color coding scheme. The conclusion is that a color coded time-differentiated tariff should give the costumers clear and cost-effective incentives.

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    Marknadsstyrd effekttariff inom eldistribution
  • 32.
    Ali, Hasan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Applied Materials Sciences.
    Eriksson, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, FREIA. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Li, Hu
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Applied Materials Sciences.
    Jafri, S. Hassan M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Applied Materials Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Kumar, M. S. Sharath
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Applied Materials Sciences.
    Ögren, Jim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy.
    Ziemann, Volker
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Leifer, Klaus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Applied Materials Sciences.
    An electron energy loss spectrometer based streak camera for time resolved TEM measurements2017In: Ultramicroscopy, ISSN 0304-3991, E-ISSN 1879-2723, Vol. 176, p. 5-10Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We propose an experimental setup based on a streak camera approach inside an energy filter to measure time resolved properties of materials in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). In order to put in place the streak camera, a beam sweeper was built inside an energy filter. After exciting the TEM sample, the beam is swept across the CCD camera of the filter. We describe different parts of the setup at the example of a magnetic measurement. This setup is capable to acquire time resolved diffraction patterns, electron energy loss spectra (EELS) and images with total streaking times in the range between 100 ns and 10 μs.

  • 33.
    Alm, Oscar
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. oorganisk kemi.
    Landström, Lars
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. oorganisk kemi.
    Boman, Mats
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. oorganisk kemi.
    Granqvist, Claes-Göran
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Fasta tillståndets fysik.
    Heszler, Peter
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Fasta tillståndets fysik.
    Tungsten oxide nanoparticles synthesised by laser assisted homogeneous gas-phase nucleation2005In: Applied Surface Science, Vol. 247, no 1-4, p. 262-267Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Tungsten oxide nanoparticles were generated by excimer (ArF) laser assisted chemical vapor deposition from WF6/H2/O2/Ar gas mixtures. The deposited particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The deposition rate as a function of the partial pressures of the reactants and of the laser fluence was measured by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The mean diameter of the deposited tungsten oxide particles varied with the experimental parameters and was typically 23 nm. Particles with a higher degree of crystallinity were observed at a laser fluence exceeding 130 mJ/cm2, and X-ray amorphous particles were obtained below 110 mJ/cm2. The amorphous tungsten oxide had a stoichiometry ranging from WO2.7 to WO3. Deposits were formed only when hydrogen was present in the gas mixture.

  • 34.
    Almqvist, Bjarne
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Geophysics.
    Björk, Andreas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences. CSIRO, Mineral Resources, Bradfield Road, West Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia.
    Mattsson, Hannes B.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Mineralogy Petrology and Tectonics.
    Hedlund, Daniel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Gunnarsson, Klas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Malehmir, Alireza
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Geophysics.
    Högdahl, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Mineralogy Petrology and Tectonics.
    Bäckström, Emma
    Nordic Iron Ore, Ludvika, Sweden.
    Marsden, Paul
    Nordic Iron Ore, Ludvika, Sweden.
    Magnetic characterisation of magnetite and hematite from the Blötberget apatite-iron-oxide deposits (Bergslagen), south-central Sweden2019In: Canadian journal of earth sciences (Print), ISSN 0008-4077, E-ISSN 1480-3313, Vol. 56, no 9, p. 948-957Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rock magnetic measurements were carried out on drill core material and hand specimens from the Blötberget apatite-iron oxide deposit in the Bergslagen ore province, south-central Sweden, to characterise their magnetic properties. Measurements included several kinds of magnetic susceptibility and hysteresis parameters. Petrographic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to independently identify and quantify the amount and type of magnetite and hematite. Two hematite-rich samples were studied with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to quantify the trace element chemistry in hematite and investigate the potential influence of trace elements on magnetic properties. Three aspects of this study are noteworthy. 1) Hematite-rich samples display strong anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, which is likely to affect the appearance and modelling of magnetic anomalies. 2) The magnitude-drop in susceptibility across Curie and Néel temperature transitions show significant correlation with the respective weight percent (wt%) of magnetite and hematite. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements can therefore be used to infer the amounts of both magnetite and hematite. 3) observations of a strongly depressed Morin transition at ca -60 to -70 C (200 to 210 K) are made during low-temperature susceptibility measurements. This anomalous Morin transition is most likely related to trace amounts of V and Ti that substitute for Fe in the hematite. When taken together, these magnetic observations improve the understanding of the magnetic anomaly signature of the Blötberget apatite-iron oxide deposits and may potentially be utilised in a broader context when assessing similar (Paleoproterozoic) apatite-iron oxide systems.

  • 35.
    Alvebratt, Caroline
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Petersson, Erik
    Strömme, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Bergström, Christel
    A small scale method to determine release rate from complex carrier-mediated systems2016In: Emerging Technologies in Drug Discovery and Development. Zhuhai, August 23-26, 2016., 2016Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 36.
    Ammon, Anton
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Comparing the benefits of energy saving measures with seasonal solar thermal heat storage2014Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis compares the effects of energy saving measures with Active Solar Energy

    Storage (ASES) on a property owned by Stena Fastigheter. The building is located in

    Lövgärdet in Gothenburg and was a part of the Million Homes Program. It was built in 1967, has 9 floors, a heated basement and is heated by district heating. The thermal envelope of the building consists of the walls, doors, windows, roof/attic and the basement.

     

    ASES is a system consisting of solar panels on the roof of a building connected to the heating system. The solar energy that cannot be used immediately is stored in a ground storage unit for when it is needed. ASES can also be supplemented by geothermal heating by drilling boreholes into the ground and, via a Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP), using the heat in the underlying rock.

     

    The ASES and GSHP system combined were compared to energy saving measure on the thermal envelope in terms of reducing the need for purchased energy and increasing profitability. The energy saving measures were: changing the 2-pane windows to 3-pane windows (either by adding a window pane or changing to a 3-pane window), insulating the façade, insulating the attic, insulating and draining the basement, changing doors, replacing the heat exchanger with a more efficient one, and improving ventilation system. The new system, called FTX, reuses the heat from the exhaust air to save energy.

     

    The results of the thesis show that it is difficult to make energy saving measures profitable. Of the measures evaluated, draining and insulating the basement is extremely cost effective, with a payback time of less than two years. Other profitable measures are insulating the walls (renovation costs of the wall excluded) and insulating the attic, but with a much longer payback time. The ASES and GSHP system are profitable and greatly reduced the need for purchased energy, but require a long payback time. The sum of all energy saving measures does not reduce the need for purchased energy as much, or as cheaply, as ASES, which reduced the energy usage by 62 %.

     

    Due to limited solar panel area ASES cannot supply enough heat to cover the heat demand of the studied building. ASES is therefore believed to be better suited for the buildings that surround the evaluated building. The surrounding buildings have fewer storeys, larger roof area where solar panels can be mounted, and open areas better suited for the ground storage. The potential to implement the ASES system for buildings like these from the Million Homes Program should be evaluated further.

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  • 37. Andersen, A.C.
    et al.
    Sotelo, J.A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Fast tillståndets fysik.
    Niklasson, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Fasta tillståndets fysik.
    Pustovit, V.N.
    Extinction Properties of Some Complex Dust Grains, Invited paper in Astrophysics of Dust2004In: Astrophysics of Dust: ASP Conference Series 309, 2004, p. 709-729Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 38.
    Andersson, Alva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Att minska utsläpp av växthusgaserför transporter inom byggsektorn2018Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    As more people become aware of the factors of climate change, soincreases the ambition to lower greenhouse gas emissions (alsoreferred to as GHG emissions). To take action, as one of Sweden'sleading construction companies, in mitigating the greenhouse gasemissions of commercial transport will not only lower the company'simpact on the climate but will also create other benefits, such asgoodwill and a sustainable trademark.

    NCC Group has set a goal to halve their emissions of GHG within fiveyears. In the long-term, NCC aims for a zero emission level.Regulations and laws on both national and international level, butalso municipality specific regulations, set higher demands on, inparticular, commercial transport, fuel and fleets of vehicles.This report examines the possibilities to reduce GHG emissions forcommercial transport, to and from NCC Building's construction sites.An initial literature study of factors concerning GHG emissions,together with communication with suppliers, form the basis of datagathering, using a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews,which outline the hauls, fuels, vehicle types and other relevantparameters regarding GHG emissions.

    Lastly, calculations are made for a few of NCC Building's frameworkagreement suppliers. The calculations take into account theadditional costs incurred and how GHG emissions would decrease, withregard to a change in fuel, from ordinary diesel to a fossil-freealternative, HVO.

    The report's conclusions and recommendations emphasise the fact thata change of fuel is viable and cost-effective and the possibilityrequire this in future framework agreements is also discussed.

  • 39.
    Andersson, Gabriella
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics III.
    Burkert, Till
    Warnicke, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Björck, Matts
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics III.
    Sanyal, Biplab
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Theoretical Magnetism.
    Chacon, Cyril
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Zlotea, Claudia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry.
    Nordström, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Theoretical Magnetism.
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Eriksson, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Theoretical Magnetism.
    Perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy in tetragonally distorted Fe-Co alloys2006In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 96, no 3, article id 037205Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report on the experimental realization of tetragonal Fe-Co alloys as a constituent of Fe(0.36)Co(0.64)/Pt superlattices with huge perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy, reaching 210 mu eV/atom, and a saturation magnetization of 2.5 mu(B)/atom at 40 K, in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. At room temperature the corresponding values 150 mu eV/atom and 2.2 mu(B)/atom are achieved. This suggests that Fe-Co alloys with carefully chosen combinations of composition and distortion are good candidates for high-density perpendicular storage materials.

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  • 40.
    ANDERSSON, JO
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    GUNNARSSON, K
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    SVEDLINDH, P
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    NORDBLAD, P
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    LUNDGREN, L
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    ARUGA, H
    ITO, A
    DYNAMIC SCALING IN THE ISING REENTRANT SPIN-GLASS FE0.62MN0.38TIO31990In: Physica. B, Condensed matter, ISSN 0921-4526, E-ISSN 1873-2135, Vol. 165, p. 183-184Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 41.
    ANDERSSON, JO
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    MATTSSON, J
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    NORDBLAD, P
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    OVERLAP LENGTH IN A CU-MN SPIN-GLASS PROBED BY AC SUSCEPTIBILITY1993In: Physical Review B Condensed Matter, ISSN 0163-1829, E-ISSN 1095-3795, Vol. 48, p. 13977-13980Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An important theoretical concept in the ‘’droplet” model of spin glasses is the existence of an overlap length. Experimentally this concept was verified by dc-magnetization measurements. However, recent ac-susceptibility measurements by Lefloch et al. [Europhys. Lett. 18, 647 (1992)] have been interpreted to contradict this result. In this paper, ac-susceptibility and dc-magnetization measurements on a Cu (2% Mn) spin glass are reported. The results of the ac-susceptibility measurements are consistent with dc measurements and provide evidence for the existence of an overlap length in 3d spin glasses at low temperatures.

  • 42.
    Andersson, M.
    et al.
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Kiselev, A.
    Umeå University.
    Österlund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Palmqvist, A E C
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Microemulsion-mediated room-temperature synthesis of high-surface-area rutile and its photocatalytic performance2007In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, ISSN 1932-7447, E-ISSN 1932-7455, Vol. 111, no 18, p. 6789-6797Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nanosized titania having the rutile crystalline structure was synthesized at room temperature using a microemulsion-mediated system. The formed rutile particles had a diameter of 3 nm, which corresponds well with the droplet size of the water-in-oil microemulsion used for their preparation. The crystallinity was monitored by both X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron diffraction, together with dark-field electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM. The rutile had a high specific surface area (similar to 300 m(2)/g) according to N-2 adsorption and the BET equation. To our knowledge, this is the highest specific surface area ever reported for rutile. The rutile crystals aligned in a specific crystallographic direction forming elongated aggregates 200-1000 nm in size, as observed by TEM and high-resolution TEM. The titania formation was followed in situ using dynamic light scattering and UV-vis spectroscopy, and together with TEM and XRD performed on samples collected throughout the duration of the titania synthesis, the results gave support for a formation scheme involving the initial formation of amorphous titania followed by crystallization of rutile. The photocatalytic performance of the formed material was evaluated by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and compared to that of a rutile sample having a lower specific surface area (similar to 40 m(2)/g). The TEM and formate adsorption experiments revealed that the high-surface-area rutile had a much higher fraction of (101) facets than the low-surface-area sample, which predominantly exposed (110) facets. In particular, a new bidentate formate (mu-formate) species bridge-bonded to the (101) facet could be identified with characteristic bands at 1547 and 1387 cm(-1). The photodegradation rate of this species was found to be similar to the mu-formate species on the (110) facet. However, the overall formate degradation rate was larger on the high-surface-area rutile sample because of a high concentration of the more readily photodegradable monodentate formate (eta(1)-formate) on that sample.

  • 43.
    Andersson, M
    et al.
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Österlund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Ljungstrom, S
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Palmqvist, A E C
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Preparation of nanosize anatase and rutile TiO2 by hydrothermal treatment of microemulsions and their activity for photocatalytic wet oxidation of phenol2002In: Journal of Physical Chemistry B, ISSN 1520-6106, E-ISSN 1520-5207, Vol. 106, no 41, p. 10674-10679Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles of both anatase and rutile phases were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of microemulsions, and their photocatalytic activity for wet oxidation of phenol was studied. The only difference between the two syntheses used was that different acids were added to the microemulsions, making direct comparison of the catalytic activity of the two polymorphs possible. If hydrochloric acid was used, the rutile structure formed, and if nitric acid was used, anatase formed. The phase stability of the microemulsion was studied and according to conductivity and turbidity measurements the idea of a direct template effect could be discarded during the hydrothermal treatment. However, an initial size-templating phenomenon is possible during the mixing step. The particles, which were in the size range of a few nanometers were characterized with N-2-adsorption; XRD, SEM, and XPS. The activity of the two polymorphs for the photocatalytic oxidation of phenol in water was examined. It was shown that the rutile phase initially decomposed phenol much faster and follows a first-order process reasonably well (k = 4 x 10(-5) s(-1)). The photodecomposition process using the anatase phase led, however, to a much more rapid overall degradation following an initial slower rate of phenol oxidation. The results indicate that the observed difference of the photodecomposition process for the two TiO2 phases is due to the formation of different intermediates.

  • 44.
    Andersson, Mikael
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Modeling and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles intended for cancer treatment2013Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Cancer is one of the challenges for today's medicine and therefore a great deal of effort is being put into improving known methods of treatment and developing new ones. A new method that has been proposed is magnetic hyperthermia where magnetic nanoparticles linked to the tumor dissipate heat when subjected to an alternating magnetic field and will thus increase the temperature of the tumor. This method makes the tumor more susceptible to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, or can be used to elevate the temperature of the tumor cells to cause cell death. The particles proposed for this are single core and often have a size in the range of 10 nm to 50 nm. To achieve an effective treatment the particles should have a narrow size distribution and the proper size. In this work, a theoretical model for predicting the heating power generated by magnetic nanoparticles was evaluated. The model was compared with experimental results for magnetite particles of size 15 nm to 35 nm dissolved in water. The properties of the particles were characterized, including measurements of the magnetic saturation, the effective anisotropy constant, average size and size distribution. To evaluate the results from the model the AC susceptibility and heating power were experimentally determined. The model is a two-step model. First the out-of-phase component of the AC susceptibility as a function of frequency is calculated. Then this result is used to calculate the heating power. The model gives a correct prediction of the shape of the out-of-phase component of the susceptibility but overestimates its magnitude. Using the experimentally determined out-of-phase component of the susceptibility, the model estimation of the heating power compares quite well with the measured values.

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    Modeling and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles intended for cancer treatment
  • 45.
    Andersson, Mikael
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    De Toro, J. A.
    Lee, S. S.
    Mathieu, Roland
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Super spin dimensionality of a mono-dispersed and densely packed magnetic nanoparticle system2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The dynamics of a dense near mono-dispersed assembly of maghemite nanoparticles is investigated by measurements of the temperature dependence of the isothermal remnant magnetization induced by temporal application of weak magnetic fields at constant temperature. The results suggest that the dimensionality of the super spins of the particles is of Heisenberg character at high temperatures but crossover to become Ising like at lower temperatures.

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  • 46.
    Andersson, Mikael S.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Pappas, Spyridon D.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Stopfel, Henry
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Östman, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Stein, A.
    Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA..
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Mathieu, Roland
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Thermally induced magnetic relaxation in square artificial spin ice2016In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 6, article id 37097Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The properties of natural and artificial assemblies of interacting elements, ranging from Quarks to Galaxies, are at the heart of Physics. The collective response and dynamics of such assemblies are dictated by the intrinsic dynamical properties of the building blocks, the nature of their interactions and topological constraints. Here we report on the relaxation dynamics of the magnetization of artificial assemblies of mesoscopic spins. In our model nano-magnetic system - square artificial spin ice - we are able to control the geometrical arrangement and interaction strength between the magnetically interacting building blocks by means of nano-lithography. Using time resolved magnetometry we show that the relaxation process can be described using the Kohlrausch law and that the extracted temperature dependent relaxation times of the assemblies follow the Vogel-Fulcher law. The results provide insight into the relaxation dynamics of mesoscopic nano-magnetic model systems, with adjustable energy and time scales, and demonstrates that these can serve as an ideal playground for the studies of collective dynamics and relaxations.

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  • 47.
    Andersson, Mikael Svante
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Interacting Magnetic Nanosystems: An Experimental Study Of Superspin Glasses2017Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis presents experimental results on strongly interacting γ-Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles and their collective properties. The main findings are that very dense randomly packed (≈60%) γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles form a replica of a spin glass. The magnetic properties of the nanoparticle system are in most regards the same as those of an atomic spin glass. The system is therefore proposed as a model superspin glass. In superspin glasses the interacting building blocks that form the collective state are single domain nanoparticles, superspins with a magnetic moment of about 10000 μB, which can be compared to the atomic magnetic moment in spin glasses of approximately 1 μB.  It was found that the relaxation time of the individual nanoparticles impacts the collective properties and governs the superspin dimensionality. Several dense compacts, each prepared with nanoparticles of a specific size, with diameters 6, 8, 9 and 11.5 nm, were studied. All the studied compacts were found to form a superspin glass state. Non-interacting reference samples, consisting of the same particles but coated with a silica shell, were synthesized to determine the single particle magnetic properties.  It was also found that the effects of the nanoparticle size distribution, which lead to a variation of the magnetic properties, can be mitigated by having strong enough interparticle interactions. The majority of the work was carried out using SQUID magnetometry.

    List of papers
    1. Ageing dynamics of a superspin glass
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ageing dynamics of a superspin glass
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    2014 (English)In: Europhysics letters, ISSN 0295-5075, E-ISSN 1286-4854, Vol. 108, no 1, p. 17004-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Magnetization dynamics of a model superspin glass system consisting of nearly monodispersed close-packed maghemite particles of diameter 8 nm is investigated. The observed non-equilibrium features of the dynamics are qualitatively similar to those of atomic spin glass systems. The intrinsic relaxation function, as observed in zero-field-cooled magnetization relaxation experiments, depends on the time the sample has been kept at constant temperature (ageing). Accompanying low-field experiments show that the archetypal spin glass characteristics -ageing, memory and rejuvenation- are reproduced in this dense system of dipolar-dipolar interacting superspins.  

    National Category
    Materials Engineering Physical Sciences Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-238588 (URN)10.1209/0295-5075/108/17004 (DOI)000343970300018 ()
    Available from: 2014-12-16 Created: 2014-12-14 Last updated: 2017-12-05Bibliographically approved
    2. Size-dependent surface effects in maghemite nanoparticles and its impact on interparticle interactions in dense assemblies
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Size-dependent surface effects in maghemite nanoparticles and its impact on interparticle interactions in dense assemblies
    Show others...
    2015 (English)In: Nanotechnology, ISSN 0957-4484, E-ISSN 1361-6528, Vol. 26, no 47, article id 475703Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    The question of the dominant interparticle magnetic interaction type in random closely packed assemblies of different diameter (6.2-11.5 nm) bare maghemite nanoparticles (NPs) is addressed. Single-particle magnetic properties such as particle anisotropy and exchange bias field are first of all studied in dilute (reference) systems of these same NPs, where interparticle interactions are neglible. Substantial surface spin disorder is revealed in all particles except the smallest, viz. for diameters d = 8-11.5 nm but not for d = 6.2-6.3 nm. X-ray diffraction analysis points to a crystallographic origin of this effect. The study of closely packed assemblies of the d >= 8 nm particles observes collective (superspin) freezing that clearly appears to be governed by interparticle dipole interactions. However, the dense assemblies of the smallest particles exhibit freezing temperatures that are higher than expected from a simple (dipole) extrapolation of the corresponding temperatures found in the d >= 8 nm assemblies. It is suggested that the nature of the dominant interparticle interaction in these smaller particle assemblies is superexchange, whereby the lack of significant surface spin disorder allows this mechanism to become important at the level of interacting superspins.

    Keywords
    nanoparticles, magnetism, dipolar, superexchange
    National Category
    Nano Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-272272 (URN)10.1088/0957-4484/26/47/475703 (DOI)000366209100010 ()
    Funder
    Swedish Research CouncilGöran Gustafsson Foundation for promotion of scientific research at Uppala University and Royal Institute of Technology
    Available from: 2016-01-18 Created: 2016-01-13 Last updated: 2017-11-30Bibliographically approved
    3. Particle size-dependent superspin glass behavior in random compacts of monodisperse maghemite nanoparticles
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Particle size-dependent superspin glass behavior in random compacts of monodisperse maghemite nanoparticles
    Show others...
    2016 (English)In: Materials Research Express, E-ISSN 2053-1591, Vol. 3, no 4, article id 045015Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Dense random assemblies made from highly monodisperse gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 6.2 to 11.5 nm have been investigated by DC and AC magnetometry. It is found that all assemblies undergo superspin glass phase transitions. The superspin glass phase transition temperature is strongly dependent on the particle size and the nature of the interparticle interaction. However the transition from superparamagnet to superspin glass, as evidenced by the shape of the ac-susceptibility curves and the dynamic critical exponents associated with the transition, is similar in all systems.

    Keywords
    magnetic nanoparticles, maghemite, superspin glass, phase transition
    National Category
    Materials Engineering
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-299615 (URN)10.1088/2053-1591/3/4/045015 (DOI)000377811500016 ()
    Funder
    Swedish Research CouncilGöran Gustafsson Foundation for promotion of scientific research at Uppala University and Royal Institute of Technology
    Available from: 2016-07-25 Created: 2016-07-25 Last updated: 2023-10-31Bibliographically approved
    4. Effects of the individual particle relaxation time on superspin glass dynamics
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effects of the individual particle relaxation time on superspin glass dynamics
    Show others...
    2016 (English)In: PHYSICAL REVIEW B, ISSN 2469-9950, Vol. 93, no 5, article id 054407Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    The low temperature dynamic magnetic properties of two dense magnetic nanoparticle assemblies with similar superspin glass transition temperatures T-g similar to 140 K are compared. The two samples are made from batches of 6 and 8 nm monodisperse gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, respectively. The properties of the individual particles are extracted from measurements on reference samples where the particles have been covered with a thick silica coating. The blocking temperatures of these dilute assemblies are found at 12.5 K for the 6 nm particles and at 35 K for the 8 nm particles, which implies different anisotropy energy barriers of the individual particles and vastly different temperature evolution of their relaxation times. The results of the measurements on the concentrated particle assemblies suggest a strong influence of the particle energy barrier on the details of the aging dynamics, memory behavior, and apparent superspin dimensionality of the particles.

    National Category
    Condensed Matter Physics Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-279564 (URN)10.1103/PhysRevB.93.054407 (DOI)000369726000001 ()
    Funder
    Swedish Research Council
    Available from: 2016-03-02 Created: 2016-03-02 Last updated: 2017-04-07Bibliographically approved
    5. Magnetic properties of nanoparticle compacts with controlled broadening of the particle size distribution
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Magnetic properties of nanoparticle compacts with controlled broadening of the particle size distribution
    Show others...
    2017 (English)In: Physical Review B, ISSN 2469-9950, E-ISSN 2469-9969, Vol. 95, no 18, article id 184431Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Binary random compacts with different proportions of small (volume V) and large (volume 2V) essentially bare maghemite nanoparticles are used to investigate the effect of controllably broadening the particle size distribution on the magnetic properties of magnetic nanoparticle assemblies with strong dipolar interaction. A series of eight random mixtures of highly uniform 9.0- and 11.5-nm-diameter maghemite particles prepared by thermal decomposition is studied. In spite of the severely broadened size distributions in the mixed samples, well-defined superspin glass transition temperatures are observed across the series, their values increasing linearly with the weight fraction of large particles.

    National Category
    Engineering and Technology Condensed Matter Physics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-319714 (URN)10.1103/PhysRevB.95.184431 (DOI)000405203000010 ()
    Funder
    Swedish Research Council
    Note

    Title in List of papers in Thesis: Magnetic properties of nanoparticles compacts with controlled broadening of the particle size distribution

    Available from: 2017-04-07 Created: 2017-04-07 Last updated: 2017-11-29Bibliographically approved
    6. Demagnetization effects in dense nanoparticle assemblies
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Demagnetization effects in dense nanoparticle assemblies
    Show others...
    2016 (English)In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 109, no 15, article id 152404Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    We highlight the relevance of demagnetizing-field corrections in the characterization of dense magnetic nanoparticle assemblies. By an analysis that employs in-plane and out-of-plane magnetometry on cylindrical assemblies, we demonstrate the suitability of a simple analytical formula-based correction method. This allows us to identify artifacts of the demagnetizing field in temperature-dependent susceptibility curves (e.g., shoulder peaks in curves from a disordered assembly of essentially bare magnetic nanoparticles). The same analysis approach is shown to be a straightforward procedure for determining the magnetic nanoparticle packing fraction in dense, disordered assemblies.

    National Category
    Condensed Matter Physics Engineering and Technology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-308922 (URN)10.1063/1.4964517 (DOI)000386534800031 ()
    Funder
    Swedish Research Council
    Available from: 2016-12-01 Created: 2016-12-01 Last updated: 2017-11-29Bibliographically approved
    7. Remanence Plots as a Probe of Spin Disorder in Magnetic Nanoparticles
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Remanence Plots as a Probe of Spin Disorder in Magnetic Nanoparticles
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    2017 (English)In: Chemistry of Materials, ISSN 0897-4756, E-ISSN 1520-5002, Vol. 29, no 19, p. 8258-8268Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Remanence magnetization plots (e.g., Henkel or delta M plots) have been extensively used as a straightforward way to determine the presence and intensity of dipolar and exchange interactions in assemblies of magnetic nanoparticles or single domain grains. Their evaluation is particularly important in functional materials whose performance is strongly affected by the intensity of interparticle interactions, such as patterned recording media and nanostructured permanent magnets, as well as in applications such as hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging. Here, we demonstrate that delta M plots may be misleading when the nanoparticles do not have a homogeneous internal magnetic configuration. Substantial dips in the delta M plots of gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles isolated by thick SiO2 shells indicate the presence of demagnetizing interactions, usually identified as dipolar interactions. results, however, demonstrate that it is the inhomogeneous spin structure of the nanoparticles, as most clearly evidenced by Mossbauer measurements, that has a pronounced effect on the delta M plots, leading to features remarkably similar to those produced by dipolar interactions. X-ray diffraction results combined with magnetic characterization indicate that this inhomogeneity is due to the presence of surface structural (and spin) disorder. Monte Carlo simulations unambiguously corroborate the critical role of the internal magnetic structure in the delta M plots. Our findings constitute a cautionary tale on the widespread use of remanence plots to assess interparticle interactions as well as offer new perspectives in the use of Henkel and delta M plots to quantify the rather elusive inhomogeneous magnetization states in nanoparticles.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Washington, D.C., USA: American Chemical Society (ACS), 2017
    National Category
    Engineering and Technology Condensed Matter Physics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-319716 (URN)10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02522 (DOI)000412965800027 ()
    Available from: 2017-04-07 Created: 2017-04-07 Last updated: 2018-02-01Bibliographically approved
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  • 48.
    Andersson, Mikael Svante
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Angel De Toro, Jose
    Univ Castilla La Mancha, IRICA, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.;Univ Castilla La Mancha, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain..
    Lee, Su Seong
    Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore..
    Normile, Peter S.
    Univ Castilla La Mancha, IRICA, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.;Univ Castilla La Mancha, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain..
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Mathieu, Roland
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Effects of the individual particle relaxation time on superspin glass dynamics2016In: PHYSICAL REVIEW B, ISSN 2469-9950, Vol. 93, no 5, article id 054407Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The low temperature dynamic magnetic properties of two dense magnetic nanoparticle assemblies with similar superspin glass transition temperatures T-g similar to 140 K are compared. The two samples are made from batches of 6 and 8 nm monodisperse gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, respectively. The properties of the individual particles are extracted from measurements on reference samples where the particles have been covered with a thick silica coating. The blocking temperatures of these dilute assemblies are found at 12.5 K for the 6 nm particles and at 35 K for the 8 nm particles, which implies different anisotropy energy barriers of the individual particles and vastly different temperature evolution of their relaxation times. The results of the measurements on the concentrated particle assemblies suggest a strong influence of the particle energy barrier on the details of the aging dynamics, memory behavior, and apparent superspin dimensionality of the particles.

  • 49.
    Andersson, Mikael Svante
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    De Toro, Jose Angel
    Lee, Su Seong
    Mathieu, Roland
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Ageing dynamics of a superspin glass2014In: Europhysics letters, ISSN 0295-5075, E-ISSN 1286-4854, Vol. 108, no 1, p. 17004-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Magnetization dynamics of a model superspin glass system consisting of nearly monodispersed close-packed maghemite particles of diameter 8 nm is investigated. The observed non-equilibrium features of the dynamics are qualitatively similar to those of atomic spin glass systems. The intrinsic relaxation function, as observed in zero-field-cooled magnetization relaxation experiments, depends on the time the sample has been kept at constant temperature (ageing). Accompanying low-field experiments show that the archetypal spin glass characteristics -ageing, memory and rejuvenation- are reproduced in this dense system of dipolar-dipolar interacting superspins.  

  • 50.
    Andersson, Mikael Svante
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Mathieu, Roland
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Lee, Su Seong
    The Nanos, Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol, Singapore 138669, Singapore..
    Normile, Peter S.
    Univ Castilla La Mancha, IRICA, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.;Univ Castilla La Mancha, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain..
    Singh, Gurvinder
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Nordblad, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Angel De Toro, Jose
    Univ Castilla La Mancha, IRICA, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.;Univ Castilla La Mancha, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain..
    Size-dependent surface effects in maghemite nanoparticles and its impact on interparticle interactions in dense assemblies2015In: Nanotechnology, ISSN 0957-4484, E-ISSN 1361-6528, Vol. 26, no 47, article id 475703Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The question of the dominant interparticle magnetic interaction type in random closely packed assemblies of different diameter (6.2-11.5 nm) bare maghemite nanoparticles (NPs) is addressed. Single-particle magnetic properties such as particle anisotropy and exchange bias field are first of all studied in dilute (reference) systems of these same NPs, where interparticle interactions are neglible. Substantial surface spin disorder is revealed in all particles except the smallest, viz. for diameters d = 8-11.5 nm but not for d = 6.2-6.3 nm. X-ray diffraction analysis points to a crystallographic origin of this effect. The study of closely packed assemblies of the d >= 8 nm particles observes collective (superspin) freezing that clearly appears to be governed by interparticle dipole interactions. However, the dense assemblies of the smallest particles exhibit freezing temperatures that are higher than expected from a simple (dipole) extrapolation of the corresponding temperatures found in the d >= 8 nm assemblies. It is suggested that the nature of the dominant interparticle interaction in these smaller particle assemblies is superexchange, whereby the lack of significant surface spin disorder allows this mechanism to become important at the level of interacting superspins.

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