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  • 1. Ahlquist, Pia
    et al.
    Olssson, LarsAndreeff, AlexanderGotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Besuchsort Fröjel Infocenter: eine Einführung in die Gemeinde Fröjel : Hafen und Handelsplatz aus der Wikingerzeit2005Collection (editor) (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 2.
    Ahmad, Haseeb
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Offshore Wind Park Connection to an HVDC Platform, without using an AC Collector Platform2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis investigates the comparison between two different alternating current topologies of an offshore wind farms connection to an offshore high voltage direct current (HVDC) converter platform. The offshore high voltage direct current converter platform converts alternating current into direct current. Two different topologies will be investigated.

    In the first topology, the offshore wind farms are connected to an HVDC converter platform through offshore AC collector platform. An offshore AC collector platform is used to collect energy from the wind farm and step up the voltages for transmission to HVDC convertor platform. The offshore AC collector platforms contribute significantly in the total cost and technical complexity of the HVDC connection.

    In the second topology, the offshore AC collector platform is removed from the circuit and the offshore wind farms are connected directly to offshore HVDC converter platform.

    In this thesis, short circuit analysis and loss analysis of an offshore wind farm cluster connected to an offshore HVDC converter platform is conducted for the two topologies described above.

    Two wind turbine generator types i.e. doubly fed induction generator and full conversion generator is compared for two different topologies. The effect of changing the distance between wind farms and offshore HVDC converter platform on short circuit currents in the absence of AC collector platform is presented for the second configuration. Two internal voltage levels i.e. 33 kV and 66kV of wind farms are compared for short circuit currents in the absence of AC collector platform. DIgSILENT software is used to perform short circuit calculations.

    The thesis is done in collaboration with “Offshore Wind Connections” department ABB, Sweden. The idea is still under development however this study will serve as good starting point to figure out the cost efficient AC topology of an offshore wind park HVDC connection.

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    Offshore Wind Park Connection to an HVDC Platform, without using an AC Collector Platform
  • 3.
    Allberg, Anders
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Huset under och i graven: en studie av fenomenet med huskonstruktioner under gravhögar2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim for this bachelor thesis is to find an answer for the placement of Migration and Vendel period graves on preexisting house constructions in Sweden. The reason behind these graves being built on their respective places will be analyzed, discussed and compared with similar finds in Scandinavia, where a wide contact net had been established during this time. Different kinds of social and religious meanings and functions with the grave mounds will also be taken into consideration during the discussion and analysis. The actual findings in the graves will be not be a part of this thesis, as the aim is to focus more on the grave itself as a cultural and social symbol for the people, and the values it had, during the time period it was built.

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    fulltext
  • 4.
    Amlé, Anton
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Kärlens Gåta: en studie av gropkeramiska gravkärl på Gotland2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper I will discuss the occurrence of ceramic vessels in the graves of the Pitted ware culture on the island of Gotland, Sweden. I will focus on four sites and compare these sites, with hopes of finding some similarities or interesting differences. The sites are Ajvide in Eksta parish, Visby in Visby parish, Västerbjers in Gothem parish and Fridtorp in Västerhejde parish. The idea is to look at the grave goods, with focus on the ceramic vessels, or at least, the bottoms of the vessels, where one can clearly see that it's been deposited in the grave. I will try to analyze the vessels (shape and in some cases height), look where in the grave they've been placed, how many graves contain vessels, who's been given these vessels and if the vessels have filled a certain purpose once they've been deposited in the graves.

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    Kärlens Gåta
  • 5.
    Andersson, Elin
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Anonymous artefacts and revealing runes: Scandinavian runic artefacts from a gender perspective2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this paper is to examine a group of runic artefacts dated to the Viking Age (800-1050 AD) from a gender perspective. The analysed material consists of 59 runic artefacts from Scandinavia, which differ in regards to base material, context and content. In the analysis, the material is separated, described and classified into different manageable groups of texts and artefacts. Several case studies are presented in the paper, based on information gathered from the inscriptions as well as the archaeological material. The main issue is whether it is possible to attribute runic artefacts to a specific gender by means of a combination of archaeological and philological methods.

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    Andersson2012AnonymousArtefacts
  • 6.
    Andersson, Elisabet
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Specialiserad eller allmänkunskap?: en experimentell studie av benhantverk under Mesolitikum2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this thesis is to study the possibility of the existence of a specialist in bone tools manufacturing during the Mesolithic. The thesis describes the climate during the Mesolithic, argues for an experimental approach, and describes social organization in hunter-gatherer-groups and the processes behind cultural transmission. It also gives some examples of excavation sites in Scandinavia. An experiment simulating a teaching situation is made, in addition to the theoretical information, with the intent to explore how advanced the crafting of bone really is. The physical result is then studied and documented. The outcome is then interpreted and discussed in connection with the theoretical knowledge and observations during the experiment. The end result points to the non-existence of specialists in bone crafting during the Mesolithic. Some reflection on the discussed subjects concludes the thesis.

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    fulltext
  • 7.
    Andersson, Johanna
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    De sjukaste överlever: en osteologisk undersökning av nio gravlagda individer från karmeliterklostret i Ny Varberg2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Osteological analysis was carried out on skeletons from nine graves from a medieval cemetery in Ny Varberg, Varberg, Halland. The graves originate from a monastery and a church, dating back to the fourteenth and fifteenth century. The main aim with this thesis has been to study health through the presence of pathologies and skeletal changes. Further aim was to compare the results from the present study with theresults from Torsten Sandbergs analysis of the same material from 1964. This comparison later showed coincidence. In this study the sex estimations showed the presence of six men and three women. The age distribution among the nine individuals was homogeneous, whit the majority being middle- aged individuals. They exhibit a stature that can be expected for this time period, however, one man stands out with his180-183 cm. The incidence of dental caries, calculus and ante mortal tooth loss has been frequent. Diseases and changes that are occurring in the course of my work are: meningitis, gingivitis, osteomyelitis, periostitis, osteoarthritis, osteoma, Schmorl’snodes, spondylolysis and hypercementosis, among others. A discussion concerning health and the impact of pain is also included in this thesis. Health among the individuals has been varying; some of them probably have not been affected significantly by their disease, while other diseases have had major negative impacts onthe individuals’ mobility and quality of life, and given rise to significant pain.

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    De sjukaste överlever
  • 8.
    Andersson, Johanna
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Mundo mortus ses, sed Deo vivas?: en osteologisk studie med avsikt att bedöma klostret i Ny Varbergs karaktär2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The main aim of this study is to determine whether the monastery in Ny Varberg has been used as a hospital during its active years. The second aim has been to investigate weather the buried individuals at the monastery at Ny Varberg exclusively are deceased monks. Only individuals from the monastery's active years has been included in this study. A total of 16 inhumated individuals was analysed. Both men, women and children was shown to be present, as well as wide spread of children and adults. Diseases as osteomyelitis, osteoarthritis, sinustitis a possible presence cribra orbitalia as well as other diseases was found. The diseases found at Ny Varberg speaks for a normal distribution of skeletal alterations that we as humans, obtain during life and its endurances. The fact that I, among the buried individuals Ny Varberg, could confirm the presence of women and children implicates that monks hasn't been the only group of individuals buried here. A variation in the muscle patterns among men speaks for a possible occurance of two different groups of men, possible monks and laymen. Regarding the use of the monastery as a hospital, several things points us in a different direction. Signs of disease, mainly leprosy, tuberculosis and other contagious diseases, would be expected if the monastery was used as a hospital during it's active years. These diseases haven't been found. The monastery's orientation in the city and the presence of a S:t Jörgen-chapel located close by, contributes to the interpretation regarding the use of the monastery. The conclusion that the monastery probably hasn't been used as a hospital during it's active years has been drawn. The distributions regarding age, sex and nature of the pathologies, tells us that the monastery probably was used as a monastery. This doesn't exclude the fact that they may have taken mercy upon certain cases, provided care for the monastery's benefactors or have let their laymen and families rest on their burial grounds. It is in my opinion that further studying remains before we in the fullest can pronounce the use and the character of the monastery in Ny Varberg. Further study will be profitably in the study of the individuals buried at the monastery i Ny Varberg.

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    Magisteruppsats. Osteologi
  • 9.
    Andersson, Johanna
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Varning för stereotyper: en studie med syfte att urskilja och diskutera identitet2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Through this thesis I aimed to further investigate how we can adapt our western and modern views of masculinity and femininity in an ancient population, here on the Pitted Ware population from Ajvide on Gotland. A questionnaire survey was used to compile the modern view of masculinity and femininity. This modern view was then compared with patterns which had become visible through statistical processing of the burial gifts found on Ajvide. The thesis is mainly focused around the concept of gender, but age and status have also been discussed. Through several performed correspondence analysis, it became clear that the current view of male and female differed from the one that became visible in the archaeological record. Grave gifts that in the survey, for example, was estimated to be typically feminine turnes out to be more common in mens' graves. This means that the use of burial gifts as a method, for example in gender assessment or as an indicator of identity is inadequate. The study of the interaction between material culture and gender and gender roles require further development.

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    Varning för stereotyper
  • 10.
    Andersson, Kim
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Hur ska vi komma vidare?: frågor rörande neolitiseringen i Sydskandinavien2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This paper deals with the question of neolithisation of Southern Scandinavia. The main goal is to give an overview of three theories regarding how agriculture and livestock breeding was introduced to the Southern Scandinavia. These are as follows: the immigration theory, the socio-economic theory and the historical explanation theory. Furthermore it is investigated which theory has the most probably support in material culture. There are obvious difficulties in interpreting the archaeological material. Some solutions which could resolve these problems are presented by the author. And finally suggestions are made where future resources in research should be aimed, to get the discussion regarding the neolithisation of Southern Scandinavia, to move forward.

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    Hur ska vi komma vidare?
  • 11.
    Andersson, Malin
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Hälsan i behåll?: en studie av sjukdomsbilden i det vikingatida Fröjel, Gotland2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    13 individuals from the Viking Age trading place in Fröjel, Gotland, were examined for this thesis. The aim was to gain a deeper knowledge about the individuals, and the main focus was to study their health. Three men, eight women and two children were examined. The age of the two children was estimated to around birth, and was no longer relevant for this thesis. The age distribution showed that two individuals were young (10-24 years), seven individuals were adults (18-44 years) and two individuals were middle-aged or older (35-79 years). The estimated height of the individuals was a little bit greater than the average for this time period. Various pathologies were observed during the analysis, for example osteoarthritis, Schmorl’s nodes and osteomyelitis. Dental diseases such as caries, calculus and periapical changes were also present. Nine of the eleven adults were tested for osteoporosis, all with good results. Traces of activity were seen in some of the individuals. Fractures were observed and X-rayed, and some of them showed traces of infections. One individual, the man in grave 03504, showed trauma related to violence. Over all, the results from the material from Fröjel were expected, and similar changes can be observed in material from the same era, as Birka and Fjälkinge, and from the early medieval towns Lund and Skara.

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    Hälsan i behåll
  • 12.
    Andersson, Martin Gustav Ingemar
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Muddring i Ireån: indirekta effekter på bottenfaunan nedströms2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This research aims to investigate the effects that dredging may have on benthic fauna. The dredging took place in the stream Ireån on northern Gotland during the early summer 2010. My area of research was taking place in a scenic area downstream in Ireån close to the Baltic Sea. I chose this area due to the dredging that started just upstream of this area and continued further upstream. Thus it is not the direct impact of the dredging that is the focus for this paper but the side-effect the dredging may have on the area downstream. In this research I used the M42-method and BQI- index in order to evaluate the results. The effects on the dredging were weaker than expected, with only minor changes occurring within the benthic fauna (BQI-value before dredging: 3.35, BQI-value after dredging: 3.51).

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    FULLTEXT02
  • 13.
    Andersson, Sara
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Död och begraven: en analys av de avrättades behandling på galgbacken2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This paper concerns the treatment of people at execution places and it is focusing on Gotland and the execution place called Galgberget. The material in the paper comes from Galgberget and a gallow in Denmark called Slots Bjergby. Together with this the laws of Gotland during the medieval and later periods are discussed and also how the archaeological material (especially the buttons) found on the excavation site can help to understand the people buried on the gallow site. The result of the analysis shows that the laws and the material found on the excavation site often tells different things. The punishments are often softer then what the law says. The material is also suggesting that it was possible to gain a better place on the execution site and that the many execution places in Visby were used for different kinds of punishments.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 14.
    Andersson, Sophie
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Döden till mötes: kriterier för att lokalisera avrättningsplatser på Gotland2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this thesis is to investigate which criteria that can be used to locate execution sites on the island of Gotland, Sweden. The execution sites, which are used to test the criteria against, range in date from early medieval period to 1876 when the last public execution in Sweden took place. Why these criteria can be used will be discussed along with attempts to explain why they have been used frequently or not so frequent. The results show that the execution sites are most commonly located in clear view, near roads, on heights and on unfertile soil. Other criteria that appears less frequent, but that still can be used in the process of locating execution sites, are graves, crossroads and boarders.

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    Doden_till_motes
  • 15.
    Andreeff, Alexander
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Archaeological Excavations of Picture Stone Sites2012In: Gotland's Picture Stones: Bearers of an Enigmatic Legacy / [ed] Maria Herlin Karnell, Visby: Gotlands museum , 2012, p. 129-144Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    "Finally, it can be said that the significance of picture stones throughout the centuries has undoubtedly been multifunctional and changing – as territorial marking, a memorial, preserver of oral tradition, burial site and religiously charged artefact. The picture stones have played a key role in the Gotlandic society in the late Iron Age and early Medieval Period, they were a focal point for social and ideological communication between the people of their time."

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    Archaeological Excavations of Picture Stone Sites
  • 16.
    Andreeff, Alexander
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Arkeologiska utgrävningar av bildstensplatser2012In: Gotlands bildstenar: järnålderns gåtfulla budbärare / [ed] Maria Herlin Karnell, Visby: Gotlands museum , 2012, p. 129-144Chapter in book (Refereed)
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    Arkeologiska utgrävningar av bildstensplatser
  • 17.
    Andreeff, Alexander
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Bildstenen från Fröjel: port till en glömd värld2001Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This essay deals with a picture-stone that was found in a pre Christian grave during the archaeological excavations of the Viking Age harbour and trading place at Fröjel parish, Gotland, in 1999. The stone is at least 100 years older then the male grave in which it was found. The picture-stone can be dated to  late 8th century or early 9th century, and the grave is probably from the late 10th century. One of the main questions in this essay is why the people of that time re-used an older picture-stone in a younger burial. I believe that the stone was reused as a grave-gift. To re-use the older picture stone was to seek legitimacy for the status of the family through the forefathers. The picture-stones were originally monuments erected in the honour of dead men. The elite could display their social position and power through these monuments. The depicted figures on them can be interpreted as symbols of the transition between life and death. The Gotlandic picture-stones of this type have connections to beliefs of Odin, the Norse God of wisdom, war and death. My theoretical perspective is that through studies of picture-stones, knowledge can be gained about ideologies and social structures within the Gotlandic society during the Viking Age.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 18.
    Andreeff, Alexander
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Genuskonstruktioner och familjesystem i förändring på Gotland och i Baltikum under yngre järnålder och tidig medeltid2005In: Arkeologen : nyhetsbrev från Institutionen för arkeologi, Göteborgs universitet, ISSN 1400-4879, Vol. 10, no 2, p. 12-13Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 19.
    Andreeff, Alexander
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Gotlandic Picture Stones, Hybridity and Material Culture2007In: Encounters, Materialities, Confrontations: Archaeologies of Social Space and Interaction / [ed] Per Cornell, Fredrik Fahlander, Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Press , 2007, p. 242-258Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The archaeological material from the Late Iron Age and Early Medieval Period in the Baltic Sea region is rich and varied, and has increasingly been taken into consideration in discussions about social encounters and interactions in the area. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the possibilities to use methodological tools developed within postcolonial theory in an investigation about the relations between materiality, social encounters, and ideological change in the Baltic region. I will demonstrate how the Gotlandic picture stones can be viewed as expressions of ideological hybridity. This paper shall be seen as a preliminary case study, which will be elaborated further in my future work. My PhD-research deals with the  impact of the Latin Western European influences on social organisation and ideology. Important perspectives derive from postcolonial, gender, and queer theoretical thought. Concepts of personal and collective social identities, as gender, and ethnicity will be analysed through the picture stone tradition, other artefacts, and the layout of settlements. The geographical frame of study is the Late Iron Age and Early Medieval (6th-13th cent. AD) societies in the Baltic Sea region, particularly the Swedish province of Gotland.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 20.
    Andreeff, Alexander
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Reflexion (II)2009In: Döda personers sällskap: gravmaterialens identiteter och kulturella uttryck / [ed] Back Danielsson, I-M., Gustin, I., Larsson, A., Myrberg, N. & Thedéen, S., Stockholm: Stockholms universitet , 2009, p. 147-151Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Joakim Goldhahn, Åsa Larsson och Nanouschka Myrberg tar upp den för oss arkeologer centrala frågan om relationen mellan människa och ting. De diskuterar om deponeringar av benmaterial och föremål är en manifestation av den döde individen eller det efterlevande kollektivet. De frågar sig vad sammansättningar av olika fynd av skelettdelar och föremål kan representera. Specifikt diskuterar de deponeringar av människoben, ädelmetaller och andra artefakter. Alla tre har en social utgångspunkt i sina studier av respektive material. De intresserar sig i första hand för den sociala dimensionen av ting och kroppar, det som under senare år har förståtts som materialitet.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 21.
    Antonelli, Jacopo
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Reduced order modeling of wind turbines in MatLab for grid integration and control studies2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The current trend in the wind power industry is to develop wind turbines of constantly increasing size and rated power, as well as wind farms of growing size and installed wind power. A careful study of the behaviour of the wind turbines during their operation is of crucial importance in the planning phase and in the design stage of a wind farm, in order to minimize the risks deriving from a non accurate prediction of their impact in the electric grid causing sensible faults of the system.

    To analyze the impact of the wind turbines in the system, motivates the development of accurate yet simple models.

    To be able to practically deal with this topics, a simple model of a wind turbine system is investigated and developed; it has the aim to describe the behaviour of a wind turbine in operation on a mechanical standpoint.

    The same reduced order simple model can also be employed for control system studies; the control system model that can’t be used in generation, can use the reduced model. Together with the analytical description of such model, is realized a MatLab code to numerically analyse the response of the system, and the results of the simulation through such code are presented.

    The objective of this thesis has been to provide a simple benchmark tool in MatLab for grid integration and control studies for interested researchers.

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    Reduced order modeling of wind turbines in MatLab for grid integration and control studies
  • 22.
    Apel, Jan
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Flint Daggers and Technological Knowledge: Production and Consumption During LN I2000In: Form, function & context: Material Culture Studies in Scandinavian Archaeology / [ed] Deborah Olausson & Helle Vandkilde, Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International , 2000, p. 135-154Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Debatten kring den etablerade flintdolkstypologin har under 1970, -80, och -90-talet visat att den inte enbart avspeglar en kronologisk serie. Under LN I är det tydligt att det under flera hundra år existerar åtminstone två regioner där olika typer av dolkar produceras. Ett västligt område där lancettformade dolkar utan uttalat grepp tillverkas och ett östligt område där dolkar med uttalat grepp tillverkas. Detta innebär att flera av de huvudtyper, och några av de undertyper, som Lomborg definierat kan betraktas som reella typer i den bemärkelsen att de härstammar från geografiskt och kronologiskt begränsade normativa, teknologiska traditioner. Detta antagande är svårt att styrka genom studier av statiska, arkeologiska material, men argument för en sådan tolkning presenteras i artikeln utifrån en experimentell studie där flintdolksteknologin studeras ingående. En översiktlig undersökning av lösfunna dolkar i Skandinavien visar att de två produktionsområdena har påverkat två geografiskt skilda konsumtionsområden. Det västra produktionsområdet har avsatt dolkar i sydvästra Norge, längs den norska västkusten upp till Trondheim och sedan över Sylarna till Sverige och vidare till den norrländska östkusten. Det östra produktionsområdet tycks i sin tur ha avsatt dolkar i Västergötland, Bohuslän, sydöstra Norge och i östra Mellansverige upp till Dalälven.

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    Apel_Form_2000
  • 23.
    Apel, Jan
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Historiska och transhistoriska studier av förhistoriska hantverk2009In: Håndverk og produksjon: et møte mellom ulike perspektiver / [ed] Julie Lund & Lene Melheim, Oslo: Oslo Academic Press , 2009, p. 111-128Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper two ways of studying prehistoric technologies that were discussed at the meeting in oslo are compared: If, and how, archaeological research aimed at understanding the social and symbolic aspects of prehistoric technologies differs from research geared towards mapping the archaeological remains of different kinds of technical gestures. In the following text I try to define the different levels of interpretations that ought to be considered when archeologists study the remains of prehistoric technologies.

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    Apel_oas12_2009
  • 24.
    Apel, Jan
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Kommentar till Petter Snekkestad, Darwinistisk arkeologi2011In: Primitive tider, ISSN 1501-0430, Vol. 13, p. 177-180Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 25.
    Apel, Jan
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Recention av Berit Valentin Eriksen (red.): Lithic technology in metal using societies2010In: Kuml : årbog for Jysk arkæologisk selskab, ISSN 0454-6245, p. 302-304Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Apel, Jan
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Skill and Experimental Archaeology2006In: Skilled production and social reproduction: aspects of traditional stone-tool technologies / [ed] Jan Apel & Kjel Knutsson, Uppsala: Societas Archaeologica Upsaliensis , 2006, p. 207-218Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper examines a way of combining the uique experience and knowledge that flint-knapping experiments produce, with a more distant and rational way of conducting research, which is the archaeologist's point of departure. In line with a French epistemological tradition, it is suggested that a relational research process, in which these two perspectives are consciously merged, is needed in order to elucidate the social aspects of technology. In order to illustrate this assertion, the Late neolithic flint dagger production in southern Scandinavia is studied with concepts that allow for a relational perspective.

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    Apel_Knutsson_Skilled_Production
  • 27.
    Apel, Jan
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Tracing pressure-flaked arrowheads in Europe2011In: Becoming European: the transformation of third millennium Northern and Western Europe / [ed] Christopher Prescott and Håkon Glørstad, Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2011, p. 156-164Chapter in book (Refereed)
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    Apel2012
  • 28.
    Apel, Jan
    et al.
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Bäckström, Ylva
    Hallgren, Fredrik
    Knutsson, Kjel
    Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia Uppsala Universitet.
    Lekberg, Per
    Olsson, Elisabeth
    Steineke, Morten
    Sundström, Lars
    Fågelbacken och trattbägarsamhället: samhällsorganisation och rituella samlingsplatser vid övergången till en bofast tillvaro i östra Mellansverige1995In: Tor : meddelanden från Uppsala universitets museum för nordiska fornsaker, ISSN 0495-8772, Vol. 27, no 1, p. 47-132Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A discussion of the TRB cultural landscape and form of society is attempted on the basis of the excavation of an early Neolithic Funnel-beaker settlement site at Fågelbacken in eastern central Sweden. The site, situated on top of an esker, is characterized by finds of TRB pottery, quartz and flint debitage, pits with charred human bones, a cultbuildibng and D-shaped huts. As a result of intra-site spatial analysis, ceramic analysis and a discussion of the site features, it is suggested that Fågelbacken should be interpreted not only a a coastal hunting site but also as a repeatedly visited, communal ritual site. A spatial analysis of thin-butted axes in the area surrounding the site, suggests that it is probably one of a whole series of similar, evenly spaced, ritual sites in the area. A sociocultural interpretation of Funnel-beaker huts and houses, together with an analysis of the distribution of stray finds of TRB type in the research area, further suggests that coastal sites like Fågelbacken are structurally related to groups of swidden-agriculture farmsteads and hunting stations in the interior.

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    Apel_etal_Tor95
  • 29.
    Apel, Jan
    et al.
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Darmark, Kim
    Stockholms Universitet.
    Evolution and Material Culture2009In: Current Swedish Archaeology, ISSN 1102-7355, Vol. 17, p. 11-28Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper the authors argue that the renewed interestin cultural evolution in archaeology may have a fundamentaleffect on the taxonomies employed and the roleof archaeology as a discipline

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    fulltext
  • 30.
    Arumägi, Endrik
    et al.
    Chair of Building Physics and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia.
    Kalamees, Targo
    Chair of Building Physics and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia.
    Broström, Tor
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Indoor climate in a naturally ventilated unheated medieval church in Harju-Risti, Estonia2010In: 10th REHVA World congress Clima 2010: Sustainable Energy Use in Buildings, 2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Indoor climate in a naturally ventilated unheated medieval church was analysed to determine if the conditions existing suit for three medieval wooden sculptures forming the Calvary group that were decorated the church until 1958. The values of temperature and RH were measured with data loggers at 1-h intervals inside and outside the church. Ventilation measurements were performed using a passive tracer gas technique. The current study shows that there is a considerable risk in bringing back the medieval sculptures forming the Calvary group to the Harju-Risti Church without creating conditions for indoor temperature and humidity regulation. To start risk assessment it is required to maintain a RH level that prevents the risk of mould growth, reduce fluctuations of air RH annually and in the short term period, avoid of too high and too low humidity levels in church that could cause flaking, peeling and cracking of wooden sculptures.

  • 31.
    Aunér, Mimmi
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Gravmönster under yngre järnålder: en jämförelse mellan åländska och svenska gravfält2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In this thesis the burial pattern of Iron Age graves is studied. As a case study eight graves from Finström 12.1, Åland are analysed. The aim is to see if there is a correlation between sex, age, animal sacrifices and archaeological finds. The result of the analysis is compared against three Iron Age cemeteries from the Åland Islands and three from Sweden. All of the animal combinations present at Finström 12.1 existed in varying degree in some or all of the selected cemeteries. Bones from animals found in the graves, did not show a correlation to sex, except claws from bear that were found only in male graves. The individuals that were buried with no animals or with sheep/goat had an age span from children to old adults, while those who were buried with cat, sheep/goat and cat, and sheep/goat, dog, horse and pig all were adult individuals. Those buried with sheep/goat, dog, horse and pig are in the age between 34-64 years old. Based on the graves used in this analysis no distinct burial pattern is found, rather the graves seem individually formed.

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    Gravmönster under yngre järnålder
  • 32.
    Balksten, Kristin
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Understanding historic mortars and their variations: a condition for performing restoration with traditional materials2010In: 2nd Conference on Historic Mortars - HMC 2010 and RILEM TC 203-RHM final workshop / [ed] J. Válek, C. Groot and J.J. Hughes, Prague: Inst. of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Acad. of Sciences of the Czech Republic , 2010, p. 11-18Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In order to design a restoration mortar with properties and composition similar to the original mortar, it is important to analyze the historic mortar in several ways. A combination of analyses give information about the mixing ratio between binder and aggregates, chemical composition of the mortar, additives, tool marks, application technique etc. This paper shows the variations in Swedish medieval lime mortars with a high content of binder. By analysing historic mortar with a combination of ocular investigations, microscopically studies of thin section specimens, Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Powder Diffraction, all the information needed for designing a restoration mortar, with composition and properties similar to the historic mortar, is gained.

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  • 33.
    Balksten, Kristin
    et al.
    Chalmers.
    Broström, Tor
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Permeability in lime plaster in relation to durability of covered materials2004Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In restoration of old buildings, lime plasters are used for reasons of authenticity and for technicalreasons as well. In many traditional constructions, there is wood behind the plasters or there is old limemortar in the masonry. For the durability of both these underlying materials, it is important that therelative humidity, RH is not too high under a long time of exposure. This can lead to an accelerateddegradation process of wood and leaching of lime in mortars. To prevent this, the plaster must have aproper permeability.The permeability of a material determines its ability to transport gas and moisture. In lime plasters,permeability affects hardening, carbonation as well as durability of the underlying materials. In thepresent paper, eleven mixtures of lime mortar were studied. The binders used were lime slaked in fourdifferent ways, hydraulic lime and cement.The following measurements were made to analyse the permeability and the pore structure of thesamples. Gas permeability and draining curves give an indication of rate of carbonation. Vapourpermeability shows the ability of plaster to transmit moisture at different RH. Thin sections were madefor microscopically investigations of the samples.The investigations show that both the vapour permeability and gas permeability decreases with anincreased amount of hydraulic binder in the lime plasters. Even small amounts of hydraulic binderhave a significant effect.By connecting these results with examples from reality, the picture becomes clearer. In the medievaltown Visby in Sweden, there are several examples of both rotten wood and disintegrated lime mortars.It is constructions from 13th to 19th centuries and low permeable cementitious plasters have coveredthem all, during the middle of the 20th century.

  • 34.
    Balksten, Kristin
    et al.
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Broström, Tor
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Myrin, Malin
    Tyréns AB.
    Thelin, Carl
    Tyréns AB.
    Kettunen, Rebeca
    Gotland Museum.
    Mebus, Ulrika
    Gotland Museum.
    Increased use of ruins through secured masonry and comfortable climate2010In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Science and Technology in Archaeology and Conservation, Petra, Jordan, 2010Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a unique scientific research project, funded by the KK-foundation in Sweden together with several companies participating in the project. A primary goal is to find methods to examine and take care of open masonry constructions thereby enabling an increased use of them in a safe and comfortable way without diminishing their cultural values. A second goal is to establish a long-term cooperation/network of researchers, conservators, engineers, antiquarians and craftsmen that can keep and develop the knowledge. The project takes place in year 2010 and 2011. This paper presents a model of cooperation as well as the ongoing experiment and expected results. The project is divided into three major parts:1) Description and assessment of historic masonry as load bearing structures. 2) Assessment of stone and mortar in old masonry and finding the methods to secure and preserve them. 3) The climate in the ruin with respect to comfort and preservation. The goals for the different parts of this research project are to find the best possible solutions of how to: a) Evaluate the construction of complex masonry structures to enable new additions that are appropriate with respect to statics. b) Find efficient methods to evaluate and conserve the status of the materials (stone, mortar) and walls in old masonry to grant safe accessibility. c) Create a comfortable climate in an open masonry structure without closing it. These three research areas all focus on the historic masonry which at the same time forms the climate shell, the bearer of plaster and the historical setting to the activities that are to take place in the ruin.

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    Increased us of ruins
  • 35.
    Balksten, Kristin
    et al.
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Steenari, Britt-Marie
    Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Environmental Inorganic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    The influence of particle size and structure in hydrated lime on the properties of the lime putty and lime mortar2010In: International journal of architectural heritage, ISSN 1558-3058, Vol. 4, no 2, p. 86-101Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this work, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of lime slaked in different ways and analysis of thin section of lime putty and mortar specimens by light microscopy was combined with practical tests and field studies to evaluate the impact of the slaking technique on the properties of the lime putty as well as the structure of the fresh and carbonated mortar. The lime slaking methods studied were wet slaking and earth slaking, giving lime putties with very different consistency and workability. The aim of this work was to use microscopy techniques to explain these differences in properties and to investigate if it is possible to use these analytical methods to recognize the lime-slaking technique used in a historical lime mortar. The results obtained by SEM show significant differences in structure between the lime putties. The earth-slaked lime consists of relatively large particles that are packed in a porous system compared with the wet-slaked lime with very small particles closely packed in a dense structure. After storing, the wet-slaked lime gives a putty that has a dense and clearly defined stratified structure, whereas the earth-slaked lime is porous and has no stratification.

  • 36.
    Barney, Andrew
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Making the Most of Wind: a Business Perspective on Subsidy Systems in France, Germany, Spain and Sweden2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 40 credits / 60 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Determining which countries are the most financially attractive for businesses to build wind projects is a matter of serious discussion that lacks succinct commentary. To fill this void this paper employs an empirical study of the wind subsidy support systems used by Germany, France, Spain and Sweden. This paper is based on the premise that businesses prefer to build where they can find the highest overall remuneration for their production; recognizing also the need for stability in those payments and businesses’ strong preference for larger early returns on their investments. The paper also analyzes the results and gives recommendations on possible improvements to each country’s system and where businesses should invest.In order to reach their 20-20-20 E.U. goals (European Commission, 2010), countries are encouraging the creation of new green energy projects, and this encouragement is frequently in the form of subsidies. The subsidy types used by the countries reviewed are feed-in tariffs, premiums and a certificate quota system. Each country’s support history is detailed along with the criteria of their respective systems.The countries systems are then compared using actual income and production data for four criteria at three different production levels – 100 percent, 75 percent and 150 percent of actual – and at two different lengths of time, 7 and 20 years. The first criteria of the comparison is total income, the second for variability of payments, the third for timing of payments and the final is the stability of the system itself.The results of this research show that the German and French systems are superior at all levels for their low variability in payment prices and in making larger payments to businesses earlier. They are also generally superior at lower and actual production levels for total income amounts. However, the Spanish options are superior at high levels of production for income and have middling variability levels. The Swedish system generally has the highest levels of variability for the lowest levels of income. Only the Spanish system is considered to be unstable in its political support of subsidies. Based upon the preceding findings are given to each country to improve their relative weaknesses. Also recommendations are given to businesses based upon the quality of the locations wind resources.

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  • 37.
    Basth, Mia
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Underlag för en pedagogisk turled i permakulturekobyn Suderbyn2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Permaculture is a design system that aims at developing sustainable human settlements and self-maintained agriculture; it may also be used for community planning. The design system of permaculture aims at mimicking a natural ecosystem; this gives the advantage to make use of all the connections and mechanisms that exist in such a system.

    The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to compile and spread scientific information regarding five different themes within the areas of ecology, environmental science and permaculture. This was achieved through cooperation with the permaculture inspired Ecovillage Suberbyn in southern Gotland. Information about the central parts of a permaculture ecovillage was used as material for a series of signposts that will be located around the ecovillage Suderbyn. The five selected themes were: An overview of permaculture, The forest garden, The pond, Composting and The use of human excrement and urine.

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    Underlag för en pedagogisk turled i permakulturekobyn Suderbyn
  • 38.
    Bergljung, Gustav
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Handle with care: Debates associated with reburial of human skeletal remains. A comparative study between Sweden and Vanuatu2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Excavations of human skeletal remains are sometimes followed by claims for reburial from the local community. This has led to debates between researchers and other elements of society, churches or minorities. This scientific paper sat out to examine the discussions and debates found in Sweden (Scandinavia), with the situation in Vanuatu, (Melanesia). The objective was to elucidate similarities and differences in people’s attitude when it comes to reburial. Religious beliefs, legislations and policies were compared to provide explanations for the different attitudes in the two countries. The study showed that the debates found in the Swedish material such as conflicts between researchers and the church or between the Saami population and Swedish researchers, haven’t got a counterpart in Vanuatu. This was much due to the research policies in Vanuatu and the strong Christian faith.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 39.
    Bergstedt, Mikaela
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Den svarta jordens mysterier: en jämförande studie av två aktivitetsytor på stenåldersboplatsen Ajvide2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The Pitted ware dwelling site Ajvide on the west coast of Gotland in the Baltic Sea is, because of its long continuity from the late Mesolithic to the middle of the Scandinavian Bronze Age, an interesting research object concerning Stone Age in the Baltic area. In this essay, a comparison between two activity areas on Ajvide have been carried out in the purpose of finding out what these areas may have been used for during the middle Neolithic.  It has been showed, through zooarchaeological analyses of animal bones, that the areas most likely are depositing sites for slaughters refuse and food debris. If it is a result of everyday or more ceremonial activities is left undetermined.

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    Den svarta jordens mysterier
  • 40.
    Billengren, Sarah
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Archaeological site significance: the connection between archaeology and oral history in Palau2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Oral history is an important component of Palauan heritage and living culture. Interaction of oral history and archaeology is regarded as a policy when conducting research in Palau, both within the Bureau of Arts and Culture, responsible for protection and preservation of cultural remains in Palau, and among researchers not representing BAC. Legally, a material remain is proven significance if it is connected with intangible resources, such as "lyrics, folklore and traditions associated with Palauan culture".

    This paper examines and discusses the connection of oral history and archaeology, which will be presented through three case studies: the earthworks on Babeldaob, the traditional stonework village of Edangel in Ngardmau state, and the process of nominating a cultural remain for inclusion in the National Register for Historic Places. The nomination is a good reflection of the interaction between archaeology and oral history, where association with intangible resources is virtually necessary. The two specified types of archaeological remains are compared to one another regarding presence in oral traditions and significance for Palauans. Based on the information obtained from personal experience, interviews and literature, it can be concluded that an archaeological or historical site is valued more by its connection to oral history than to its archaeological qualities, which in turn effects how protection and preservation is administrated, financed, and carried out.

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    Archaeological site significance 2011
  • 41.
    Bjurman, Jonny
    et al.
    Department of Conservation, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Leijonhufvud, Gustaf
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    An analysis of microclimate differences leading to sporadic mould growth in Skokloster Castle, an unheated historic building2012In: Energy Efficiency in Historic Buildings: Postprints from the Conference : Visby, February 9–11, 2011, Gotland University Press, 2012, p. 236-244Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Mould growth has repeatedly occurred in Skokloster Castle over the years. Visible mould was also found during a survey in September 2010. Mould has been found sporadically on walls, books and tapestries and behind paintings and within furniture in parts of the castle. Work is presented on the attempted correlation of incidence of mould growth and indoor climate recorded mainly during one year, from July 2008 to August 2009. The indoor climate is influenced to a high extent by the outdoor climate but is clearly improved by the influence of the building envelope. The absolute humidity is almost the same in the whole castle. Temperature differences between rooms are therefore decisive for the recorded differences in RH. Recorded RH differences could partly explain the location of mould growth. The results are discussed in relation to current models describing the critical levels of RH, temperature and substrates supporting mould growth.

  • 42.
    Björk, Niklas
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Värdig ett vapen: en analys och tolkning av Birkas vapengravars gravgåvor och kontext2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this thesis is to interpret and discuss the weapon-graves of Viking Age Birka. The weapon-grave phenomenon is deemed differential in relation to the rest of the grave-material of the site, and thus the questions that motivate the thesis is: who was buried with weapons and why? Further questions arise regarding the social aspects of individuals who were buriedalong with weapons. The theoretical approach will be to evaluate any differences in 'social class', 'social age' and 'gender' between the weapon-grave contexts. By conducting qualitativeand quantified analysis of the grave-goods, this thesis adresses both overall and detailed patterns in correlation and constellations between weapons, other grave-goods and terms of burial.

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    fulltext
  • 43.
    Björkman, Ulrika
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Under ytan ... det onämnbara vid sekelskiftet 1900: En studie av hur Hallwylska museet med utgångspunkt från museets samlingar gestaltar en tillfällig temautställning2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This paper, from Hallwylska museum collections to the exhibition ”Beneath the surface ... The Unmentionableat the turn of the 20th Century” is a survey of how the Hallwylska museum on the basis of its collections createsa temporary exhibition. The paper is focusing on how Wilhelmina von Hallwyl`s collections together with theexhibitor`s different intentions from the exhition. The final shape of the exhibition and the tools the Hallwylskamuseum has used to ensure that the cultural heritage connected with its collections is made available.

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  • 44.
    Björsmo, Astrid
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Med samtidsperspektiv på äldre konst: en fallstudie av utställningen "Queer: begär, makt och identitet"2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this essay is to study how older art can be used to illustrate our contemporary society with a critical view and also to contribute to the discussion of for what reason we keep our public collections.

    My essay is based on a case study of the 2008 summer exhibition ‘Queer: desire, power and identity’ at Nationalmuseum. The exhibition used art from different eras to show how the ideals, norms of gender, and how the symbols for power have changed throughout history. It also reveals how certain art or artists have been excluded from art history due to their sexual orientation.

    This study is based on three questions:

    -          How can older art be used to illustrate a to our society contemporary theme?

    -          How can a public museum make an exhibition with a clear and active message?

    -          How can a clear and potentially sensitive message be shown without risking to be provocative towards either the visitors or the person(s) it is about.

    My material is based on the exhibition, the work material from the museum, protocols, photographs, exhibition texts, and interviews with the creators of the exhibition. I have also added reviews of the exhibition to add more perspectives for my discussion.

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  • 45.
    Blomqvist, Erik
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Ändrad användning av stationshus: fallet Ormaryds station – ett stationshus med betydande kulturvärden2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Acquiring a former station building can mean that the property owners must familiarize themselves with a lot of planning and building regulations. After the new Planning and Building Act code into force in 2011, the responsibility lie on the developer to ensure laws and regulations. Based on the regulatory framework that is available occurs sometimes balance issues, between care requirements and building codes. 

    The station building in Ormaryd was acquired in 2009 by two individuals who intended to accommodate office and retail space in the building. In doing so a new local plan of the area was established, including regulations on how the building could be used. By including road safety and noise, the risk was not considered appropriate to use the station building for housing. The new local plan classed the building with a “capital Q”, which meant that the building's cultural value shall be cared for. From an architectural documentation was an enriching story told that could clarify the many values of the building and its surrounding environment. The building is still an important symbol of the district, although it is no longer used for railway operations.  

    The long process that was followed by the change of use of the station featured everything from planning application, for consultation and preparation of documentation and fire control plan. It proved to be a complicated way, which largely came to touch on issues concerning accessibility, fire and ventilation. The owners themselves have been very interested in preserving the existing building and seen its values, therefore Ormaryd’s station may be altered in a gentle way, although results have not yet seen the light of day. It is proven that careful restorations can meet building codes, which this thesis will demonstrates. It will not only show the presumed change, it will also show other options. To avoid entirely the loss of cultural values when adapting a building is almost impossible but interventions can be minimized and additions made reversible.

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  • 46.
    Bonds, Julia
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    De dolda sjukdomarna: osteoporos och artros kvarteret Banken 1 i Visby2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This Bachelor paper deals with skeletal diseases like osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. 24 medieval individuals from the block Banken 1 in Visby, Gotland were chosen for an osteological analysis. Osteoporosis affects the bone with low bone mineral density and can lead to possible fractures and Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. A DEXA reading was done at Dr. Roland Alvarssons Doctorial practice in Visby and the results from the DEXA reading showed that none of the individuals suffered from osteoporosis, but one suffered from osteopenia. Some individuals were x-rayed at Visby hospital and the x-rays were interpreted by Dr. Staffan Jennerholm. The x-ray showed that two individuals suffered from osteoarthritis. You can get a glint into the past and daily life of medieval people with a little help of modern technology like x-ray and DEXA reading.

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    Julia Bonds Kandidatuppsats VT 2012
  • 47. Bradley, Richard
    et al.
    Skoglund, Peter
    Wehlin, Joakim
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Imaginary vessels in the Late Bronze age of Gotland and south Scandinavia: Ship settings, rock carvings and decorated metalwork2010In: Current Swedish Archaeology, ISSN 1102-7355, Vol. 18, p. 79-103Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The paper compares the Bronze Age ship settings of Gotland with the vessels portrayed in rock carvings on the Scandinavian mainland. It also makes comparisons with the drawings of vessels on decorated metalwork of the same period. It considers their interpretation in relation to two approaches taken to the depictions of ships in other media. One concerns the use of boats to transport the sun, while the other emphasises the close relationship between seagoing vessels and the dead. A third possibility concerns the distinctive organisation of prehistoric communities on Gotland. It seems possible that the largest of the ship settings were equivalent to the Bronze Age cult houses found on the mainland and that they may even have represented the island itself.

  • 48.
    Brandt, Christina
    Gotland University, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö.
    Skallet från forntiden: en osteologisk analys av hundben från stenålderslokalerna Hemmor och Gullrum på Gotland samt en teoretisk studie av hundens rituella och funktionella roll under neolitikum2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The bark from prehistory – an osteological analysis on dog bones from the Stone Age settlements of Hemmor and Gullrum at Gotland and a theoretic study of the secular and sacred roles of the dog during the Neolithic.

    Dog bones from two Pitted Ware Culture (around 2500 BC) settlements, Hemmor in När parish and Gullrum in Näs parish/Havdhem parish, at southern Gotland, Sweden are analyzed. The analysis contains a study of age, withers height and size estimation as well as skeletal changes and pathologies. The attempt of the analysis is to highlight the secular and sacred role of the dog during the Neolithic at Gotland. The dog bones were collected during excavations in the years 1890 and 1903 and were found across the entire surfaces of the settlements.

    Although there were no specific dog breeds during the Stone Age, the dogs at Hemmor and Gullrum show a wide range of size (withers height spans from 39,74 cm to 56,47 cm) and may therefore have been used for different purposes depending on their size. The dogs were not eaten, but evidence of skinning is found. The results are compared with other analysis made on dog bones from similar settlements.

    The analysis is complemented with a theoretic study of the functions of dogs in other parts of the world. Ethnologic studies of traditional societies show the importance and wide range of functions in which the dogs are used and can give us an idea of the corresponding functions at a Neolithic Gotland. The functions vary from pet and guardian of the settlement to fishing, hunting and ritual purposes.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 49.
    Braña, Isaac
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Turbine-Mounted Lidar:The pulsed lidar as a reliable alternative.2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 40 credits / 60 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Expectations for turbine-mounted lidar are increasing. The installation of lidars in wind turbine nacelles for measuring incoming winds, preventing wind gusts and increasing energy productions is after recently studies, technically and economically feasible. Among available lidar types, the most studied were continuous wave lidars because they were the most reliable apparatus when this initiative began. However, after studying technical considerations and checking commercial lidars, it was found that pulsed lidarslead this technology due to their promising results. The purpose of this report is to fill the gap between the interest in this technology and the absence of any academic papers that analyzes continuous-wave and pulsed lidars forthe mounted lidar concept. Hence, this report discusses the importance of turbine mounted lidars for wind power industry, different possible configurations and explains why specifically pulsed lidars are becoming more important for the mounted lidarmarket.

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    fulltext
  • 50.
    Bro, Anders
    et al.
    University of Örebro.
    Pettersson, Conny
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Business, Design and Factor 10: Sustainable Development in Creative Industries2011In: Local Development and Creative Industries: empirical, methodological and theoretical reflections / [ed] Conny Pettersson, Dorit Christensen, Visby: Gotland University , 2011, p. 125-158Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Hällefors is one of the municipalities in Sweden attempting to break free from the traditional corporate structure. While it has a long history of iron and steel production, technology-based industry is now being supplemented by investment in cultural, culinary and design projects. The aim of this chapter is first to chart the progress of the municipality toward sustainable development and secondly to investigate whether there have been any fundamental changes made to the system. This means that we shall consider the adoption of a path-dependent trend and formative instances in local development processes, with a neo-institutional framework as our theoretical guide. One major discovery is that the term ”sustainable development” crops up constantly in daily dialogue and practical application; it appears in municipal strategic and policy declarations, in both preliminary and comprehensive documents, and in sector-oriented programmes. Yet despite the fact that there is clear evidence of sustainable-development thinking, it has not replaced previous models of local development. Although the concept has become familiar, it is not possible to say whether it has actually contributed to fundamental institutional change on the local level.

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