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  • 1.
    Alfredsson, Y.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science.
    Rensmo, H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science.
    Sandell, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science.
    Siegbahn, H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science.
    Electronic structure of TiOPc thin film on conducting glass studied by means of X-ray and photoelectron spectroscopies2009In: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, ISSN 0368-2048, E-ISSN 1873-2526, Vol. 174, no 1-3, p. 50-54Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Thin films of TiOPc have been investigated using photoelectron   spectroscopy (PES) and X-ray spectroscopy (XAS). The results are   interpreted in terms of the local geometry around the metal center both   with regard to bonding and crystal field symmetry. Core and valence PES   have been found to be in accordance with the structural characteristics   of the TiOPc molecule. For resonant PES at the N1s and Ti2p edges,   information on the local electronic structure of the occupied molecular   orbitals has been obtained. Ti2p XAS was interpreted in terms of   five-fold coordination around the titanium atom for TiOPc of C-4V   symmetry. Angle-resolved N1s XAS suggests the molecular planes to order   preferentially parallel to the sample surface plane.

  • 2.
    Alfredsson, Ylfi
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Åhlund, John
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Nilson, Katharina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Kjeldgaard, Lisbeth
    O´Shea, J. N.
    Theobald, J.
    Bao, Zhuo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Mårtensson, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Puglia, Carla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Phase and molecular orientation in H2Pc on conducting glass: characterization of two deposition methods2005In: Thin Solid Films, ISSN 0040-6090, E-ISSN 1879-2731, Vol. 493, no 1-2, p. 13-19Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study, metal-free phthalocyanine has been deposited on a conducting glass surface by two methods: by spreading the molecular powder directly on the substrate in air and by vapor sublimation under ultra-high vacuum conditions (evaporation). The films have been characterized by means of core level X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy, X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and Ultra Violet and Visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Our results show that the two deposition methods produce molecular overlayers in different polymorphic phases; the UV-Vis measurements indicate that the film obtained by powder deposition is of x-phase type whereas sublimation leads to an α-polymorph structure. The XAS results show that in the powder deposited film the molecules are mainly oriented parallel to the surface. This is opposite to the case of the vapor deposited film, where the molecules mainly are oriented orthogonal to the surface.

  • 3.
    Alfredsson, Ylvi
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Brena, Barbara
    Nilson, Katharina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Åhlund, John
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Kjeldgaard, Lisbeth
    Nyberg, Mats
    Luo, Yi
    Mårtensson, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Puglia, Carla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Electronic structure of a vapor-deposited metal-free phthalocyanine thin film2005In: Journal of Chemical Physics, ISSN 0021-9606, E-ISSN 1089-7690, Vol. 122, no 21, p. 214723-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The electronic structure of a vapor-sublimated thin film of metal-free phthalocyanine(H2Pc) is studied experimentally and theoretically. An atom-specific picture of the occupied and unoccupied electronic states is obtained using x-ray-absorption spectroscopy (XAS), core- and valence-level x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. The DFT calculations allow for an identification of the contributions from individual nitrogen atoms to the experimental N1sXAS and valence XPS spectra. This comprehensive study of metal-free phthalocyanine is relevant for the application of such molecules in molecular electronics and provides a solid foundation for identifying modifications in the electronic structure induced by various substituent groups.

  • 4.
    Alfredsson, Ylvi
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Åhlund, John
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Nilson, Katharina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Kjeldgaard, Lisbeth
    O'Shea, James
    Theobald, J
    Bao, Zhuo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Mårtensson, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Puglia, Carla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Phase and molecular orientation in metal-free phthalocyanine films on conducting glass: Characterization of two deposition methods2005In: Thin Solid Films, Vol. 493, no 1-2, p. 13-19Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 5. Amft, M.
    et al.
    Walle, L. E.
    Ragazzon, Davide
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Borg, A.
    Uvdal, P.
    Skorodumova, Natalia V.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    A Molecular Mechanism for the Water-Hydroxyl Balance during Wetting of TiO22013In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, ISSN 1932-7447, E-ISSN 1932-7455, Vol. 117, no 33, p. 17078-17083Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We show that the formation of the wetting layer and the experimentally observed continuous shift of the H2O-OH balance toward molecular water at increasing coverage on a TiO2(110) surface can be rationalized on a molecular level. The mechanism is based on the initial formation of stable hydroxyl pairs, a repulsive interaction between these pairs, and an attractive interaction with respect to water molecules. The experimental data are obtained by synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and interpreted with the aid of density functional theory calculations and Monte Carlo simulations.

  • 6. Blomquist, J.
    et al.
    Walle, L. E.
    Uvdal, P.
    Borg, A.
    Sandell, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Water Dissociation on Single Crystalline Anatase TiO2(001) Studied by Photoelectron Spectroscopy2008In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, ISSN 1932-7447, E-ISSN 1932-7455, Vol. 112, no 42, p. 16616-16621Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The adsorption of water on the anatase TiO2(001)-(4 x 1) surface is studied using synchrotron radiation-excited core level photoelectron spectroscopy. The coverage-dependent adsorption of water at low temperature is monitored and compared to the sequence obtained after heating of a water multilayer. Two adsorption phases of submonolayer coverage can be defined: Phase 1 consists only of dissociated water, observed as OH-groups. This phase is found at low coverage at low temperature (190 K) and is the only state of adsorbed water above similar to 230 K. The saturation coverage of phase 1 is consistent with dissociation on the 4-fold-coordinated Ti ridge atoms of the (4 x 1) surface reconstruction. Phase 2 is found at higher coverage, reached at lower temperature. It consists of a mixture of dissociated and molecular water with a ratio of 1:1 at 170 K. The molecular water is found to bond to the hydroxyl groups. The hydroxyl coverage of phase 2 is approximately 2 times that of phase 1. The results suggest that the OH and H2O species of phase 2 are confined to the ridges of the surface.

  • 7.
    Cappel, Ute B.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Plogmaker, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Terschlüsen, Joachim A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Leitner, Torsten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics. Uppsala Berlin Joint Lab Next Generat Photoelectr, Albert Einstein Str 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Johansson, Erik M. J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Physical Chemistry.
    Edvinsson, Tomas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Karis, Olof
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Svensson, Svante
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics. Uppsala Berlin Joint Lab Next Generat Photoelectr, Albert Einstein Str 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Mårtensson, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics. Uppsala Berlin Joint Lab Next Generat Photoelectr, Albert Einstein Str 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Rensmo, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Söderström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Electronic structure dynamics in a low bandgap polymer studied by time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy2016In: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP, ISSN 1463-9076, E-ISSN 1463-9084, Vol. 18, no 31, p. 21921-21929Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Means to measure the temporal evolution following a photo-excitation in conjugated polymers are a key for the understanding and optimization of their function in applications such as organic solar cells. In this paper we study the electronic structure dynamics by direct pump-probe measurements of the excited electrons in such materials. Specifically, we carried out a time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TRPES) study of the polymer PCPDTBT by combining an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) high harmonic generation source with a time-of-flight spectrometer. After excitation to either the 1st excited state or to a higher excited state, we follow how the electronic structure develops and relaxes on the electron binding energy scale. Specifically, we follow a less than 50 fs relaxation of the higher exited state and a 10 times slower relaxation of the 1st excited state. We corroborate the results using DFT calculations. Our study demonstrates the power of TRPES for studying photo-excited electron energetics and dynamics of solar cell materials.

  • 8. Dorkhan, Marjan
    et al.
    Hall, Jan
    Uvdal, Per
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Svensater, Gunnel
    Davies, Julia R.
    Crystalline anatase-rich titanium can reduce adherence of oral streptococci2014In: Biofouling (Print), ISSN 0892-7014, E-ISSN 1029-2454, Vol. 30, no 6, p. 751-759Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Dental implant abutments that emerge through the mucosa are rapidly covered with a salivary protein pellicle to which bacteria bind, initiating biofilm formation. In this study, adherence of early colonizing streptococci, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus sanguinis to two saliva-coated anodically oxidized surfaces was compared with that on commercially pure titanium (CpTi). Near edge X-ray absorption (NEXAFS) showed crystalline anatase was more pronounced on the anodically oxidized surfaces than on the CpTi. As revealed by fluorescence microscopy, a four-species mixture, as well as individual bacterial species, exhibited lower adherence after 2 h to the saliva-coated, anatase-rich surfaces than to CpTi. Since wettability did not differ between the saliva-coated surfaces, differences in the concentration and/or configuration of salivary proteins on the anatase-rich surfaces may explain the reduced bacterial binding effect. Anatase-rich surfaces could thus contribute to reduced overall biofilm formation on dental implant abutments through diminished adherence of early colonizers.

  • 9.
    Farstad, M. H.
    et al.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Ragazzon, Davide
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Groenbeck, H.
    Chalmers, Competence Ctr Catalysis, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.;Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Strömsheim, M. D.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Stavrakas, Camille
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Gustafson, J.
    Lund Univ, Div Synchrotron Radiat Res, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Borg, A.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    TiOx thin films grown on Pd(100) and Pd(111) by chemical vapor deposition2016In: Surface Science, ISSN 0039-6028, E-ISSN 1879-2758, Vol. 649, p. 80-89Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The growth of ultrathin TiOx (0 <= x <= 2) films on Pd(100) and Pd(111) surfaces by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), using Titanium(IV)isopropoxide (TTIP) as precursor, has been investigated by high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy. Three different TiOx phases and one Pd-Ti alloy phase have been identified for both surfaces. The Pd-Ti alloy phase is observed at the initial stages of film growth. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for Pd(100) and Pd(111) suggest that Ti is alloyed into the second layer of the substrate. Increasing the TTIP dose yields a wetting layer comprising Ti2+ species (TiOx, x similar to 0.75). On Pd(100), this phase exhibits a mixture of structures with (3 x 5) and (4 x 5) periodicity with respect to the Pd(100) substrate, while an incommensurate structure is formed on Pd(111). Most importantly, on both surfaces this phase consists of a zigzag pattern similar to observations on other reactive metal surfaces. Further increase in coverage results in growth of a fully oxidized (TiO2) phase on top of the partially oxidized layer. Preliminary investigations indicate that the fully oxidized phase on both Pd(100) and Pd(111) may be the TiO2(B) phase.

  • 10.
    Farstad, M. H.
    et al.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Trondheim.
    Ragazzon, Davide
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Strømsheim, M. D.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Trondheim.
    Gustafson, J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Borg, A.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Trondheim.
    Oxidation and Reduction of TiOx Thin Films on Pd(111) and Pd(100)2018In: Journal of Physical Chemistry B, ISSN 1520-6106, E-ISSN 1520-5207, Vol. 122, no 2, p. 688-694Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Thin films of TiOx on Pd(100) and Pd(111) have been investigated with respect to their properties after oxidation and reduction cycles. High-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) have been applied to characterize the thin film oxidation states and structure before and after oxidation and reduction under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Fully oxidized TiO2 films were formed on both surfaces. These structures display Moiré patterns in LEED, in one dimension for Pd(100) and in two dimensions for Pd(111), and they have previously not been reported for TiO2/Pd. The oxidation process causes strong reduction in the interaction between the oxide thin film and the Pd substrate, most significantly for Pd(111). Reversible oxidation/reduction cycling of TiOx thin films on Pd(111) and Pd(100) was possible.

  • 11. Farstad, M. H.
    et al.
    Ragazzon, Davide
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Walle, L. E.
    Schaefer, A.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Borg, A.
    Water Adsorption on TiOx Thin Films Grown on Au(111)2015In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, ISSN 1932-7447, E-ISSN 1932-7455, Vol. 119, no 12, p. 6660-6669Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    High resolution photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to investigate water adsorption on four different TiOx ultrathin film structures, grown on Au(111) by chemical vapor deposition. Two of the structures are reduced TiOx single layer phases, forming a honeycomb (HC) and a pinwheel (PW) structure, respectively. The other two phases have TiO2 stoichiometry, one in the form of islands and one in the form of a TiO2(B)(001) extended layer. Partial water dissociation is observed for all phases but the HC phase, and the dissociation propensity and adsorbate thermal stability structure result from interplay between the atomic structure of the particular TiOx phase and defects formed in the preparation. The dissociation on the TiO2(B) film is mainly related to different types of defect sites. The TiO2 islands, interpreted as surface reconstructed rutile TiO2(100), generate the highest amount of hydroxyls with a behavior consistent with reconstruction into a mixed (100) and (110) termination. Water dissociation on the PW layer can be assigned to particular sites of the structure and it stands out by leading to oxidation of Ti species.

  • 12. Grehk, T. M.
    et al.
    Engkvist, J.
    Bexell, U.
    Richter, J. H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Karlsson, P. G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Sandell, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Initial stages of metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition of ZrO2 on a FeCrAl alloy2008In: Thin Solid Films, ISSN 0040-6090, E-ISSN 1879-2731, Vol. 516, no 6, p. 875-879Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The initial stages of metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition of ZrO2 on a model FeCrAl alloy was investigated using synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, scanning Auger microprobe, and time of flight secondary mass spectrometry. The coatings were grown in ultra-high vacuum at 400 degrees C and 800 degrees C using the single source precursor zirconium tetra-tert-butoxide. At 400 degrees C the coatings mainly consist of tetragonal ZrO2 and at 800 degrees C a mixed ZrO2/Al2O3 layer is formed. The Al metal diffuses from the FeCrAl bulk to the metal/coating interface at 400 degrees C and to the surface of the coating at 800 degrees C. The result indicates that the reaction mechanism of the growth process is different at the two investigated temperatures.

  • 13.
    Henningsson, A
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry. Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Rensmo, H
    Department of Physics. Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Sandell, A
    Department of Physics. Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Siegbahn, H
    Department of Physics. Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Södergren, S
    Lindström, H
    Hagfeld, A
    Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Electronic structure of electrochemically Li-inserted TiO2 studied with synchrotron radiation electron spectroscopies2003In: Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 118, no 12, p. 5607-5612Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Henningsson, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Rensmo, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Södergren, Sven
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Insertion of H+, Li+, Na+ and K+ into thin films prepared from silicotungstic acid - a photoelectron spectroscopy study2004In: Thin Solid Films, Vol. 461, no 2, p. 237-242Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 15.
    Henningsson, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry I. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics I.
    Stashans, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry I. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics I.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry I. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics I.
    Rensmo, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry I. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics I.
    Södergren, Sven
    Lindström, H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry I. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics I.
    Vayssieres, L.
    Hagfeldt, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry I. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics I.
    Lunell, Sten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Quantum Chemistry. Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry I. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics I.
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry I. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics I.
    Proton insertion in polycrystalline WO3 studied with electron spectroscopy and semi-empirical calculations2004In: Advances in Quantum Chemistry, ISSN 0065-3276, E-ISSN 2162-8815, Vol. 47, p. 23-36Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 16.
    Jacobse, Peter H.
    et al.
    Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, POB 80000, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
    Simonov, Konstantin A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Mangnus, Mark J. J.
    Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, POB 80000, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
    Svirskiy, Gleb I.
    St Petersburg State Univ, VA Fock Inst Phys, St Petersburg 198504, Russia.
    Generalov, Alexander V.
    Lund Univ, MAX Lab 4, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
    Vinogradov, Alexander S.
    St Petersburg State Univ, VA Fock Inst Phys, St Petersburg 198504, Russia.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Mårtensson, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Preobrajenski, Alexei B.
    Lund Univ, MAX Lab 4, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
    Swart, Ingmar
    Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, POB 80000, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
    One Precursor but Two Types of Graphene Nanoribbons: On-Surface Transformations of 10,10'-Dichloro-9,9'-bianthryl on Ag(111)2019In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, ISSN 1932-7447, E-ISSN 1932-7455, Vol. 123, no 14, p. 8892-8901Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    On-surface synthesis has emerged in the last decade as a method to create graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with atomic precision. The underlying premise of this bottom-up strategy is that precursor molecules undergo a well-defined sequence of inter- and intramolecular reactions, leading to the formation of a single product. As such, the structure of the GNR is encoded in the precursors. However, recent examples have shown that not only the molecule, but also the coinage metal surface on which the reaction takes place, plays a decisive role in dictating the nanoribbon structure. In this work, we use scanning probe microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the behavior of 10,10'-dichloro-9,9'-bianthryl (DCBA) on Ag(111). Our study shows that Ag(111) can induce the formation of both seven-atom wide armchair GNRs (7-acGNRs) and 3,1-chiral GNRs (3,1-cGNRs), demonstrating that a single molecule on a single surface can react to different nanoribbon products. We additionally show that coadsorbed dibromoperylene can promote surface-assisted dehydrogenative coupling in DCBA, leading to the exclusive formation of 3,1-cGNRs.

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  • 17. Jaworowski, A J
    et al.
    Asmundson, R
    Uvdal, P
    Sandell, A
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Fysik I.
    Determination of NO adsorption sites on Pd(100) using core level photoemission and low energy electron diffraction2002In: Surface Science, Vol. 501, no 1-2, p. 74-82Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 18. Jaworowski, A J
    et al.
    Uvdal, P
    Gray, S M
    Sandell, A
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Fysik I.
    Mn-induced NO dissociation on Pd(100)2002In: Surface Science, Vol. 501, no 1-2, p. 83-92Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 19. Johansson, E. M. J.
    et al.
    Odelius, M.
    Karlsson, P. G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Siegbahn, H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Sandell, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Rensmo, H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Interface electronic states and molecular structure of a triarylamine based hole conductor on rutile TiO2(110)2008In: Journal of Chemical Physics, ISSN 0021-9606, E-ISSN 1089-7690, Vol. 128, no 18, p. 184709-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The molecular and electronic surface structure of a triarylamine based hole-conductor (HC) molecule evaporated onto rutile TiO2(110) single crystal is investigated by means of synchrotron light based photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy in combination with calculations based on density functional theory. Different amounts of the HC molecule was evaporated spanning the monolayer to multilayer region. The molecular surface structure is investigated and the results indicate that no specific covalent chemical bonding is formed and that the plane formed by the different nitrogens in the HC molecules has a rather small angle versus the TiO2 substrate surface plane. Some molecular ordering also persists in the multilayer region. The experimental core level spectra, valence level spectra, and the N 1s x-ray absorption spectroscopy spectra are well modeled by calculations on an individual molecule. Interestingly, the formation of the TiO2/HC interface results in significant binding energy shifts in core levels and valence levels shifting all peaks of a the HC material to the same extent. Smaller shifts were also observed in the substrate core level peaks. The shift is discussed in terms of nanoscale energy level bending and final state hole screening. With respect to electronic applications, specifically in a solid state dye-sensitized solar cell, it is argued that the observed energy level alignment at the TiO2/HC interface can act as a hole trap.

  • 20.
    Johansson, E
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Platzer-Björkman, C
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Electronics.
    Rensmo, H
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Sandell, A
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Stolt, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Electronics.
    Gorgoi, M
    Svensson, S
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Lewin, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. oorganisk kemi.
    Schäfers, F
    Braun, W
    Eberhardt, W
    HIKE experiments at KMC-1: Studies of Solar Cell Materials2007In: Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung m.b.H. (BESSY) Annual Report (2006), no 508-509Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 21.
    Johanssson, Erik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Rensmo, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Mahrov, Boriss
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Boschloo, Gerrit
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry.
    Figgemeier, E
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry.
    Hagfeldt, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry.
    Jönsson, Stina
    Fahlman, Mats
    Interfacial properties of photovoltaic TiO2/dye/PEDOT–PSS heterojunctions2005In: Synthetic metals, ISSN 0379-6779, E-ISSN 1879-3290, Vol. 149, no 2-3, p. 157-167Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Systems comprising a dense TiO2 film electrode, a ruthenium polypyridine dye and a PEDOT-PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(4-styrenesulphonate)) film were prepared. The heterojunctions were shown to have photovoltaic properties, with the dye absorbing the light, the TiO2 acting as an electron conducting material and PEDOT-PSS acting as a hole transport material. A series of dyes was used to investigate their influence on the photocurrent and the photovoltage characteristics of the heterojunction. These results were compared to a photoelectrochemical system in which the PEDOT-PSS was replaced by a liquid electrolyte containing triiodide/iodide redox-couple.Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) was used to monitor the interfacial properties of the heterojunction and the investigation points out effects of importance when assembling the materials together to a functional unit. Specifically, it was concluded that the interaction with the dye clearly affects the structure of PEDOT-PSS, both with respect to the surface composition of PSS relative to PEDOT and with respect to the chemical state of the sulphur in the polymers. Moreover, a comparison of the Ru3d and the valence band spectra of the two different interfaces (dye/TiO2 and dye/PEDOT-PSS) indicates that the energy level structure of the dyes compared to the substrate is different for the two surfaces. Thus, in the combined energy level picture under dark conditions, the energy levels in TiO2 relative to the energy levels in PEDOT-PSS depend on the dye.

  • 22.
    Kamal, C.
    et al.
    Stockholm Univ, Alballova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Raja Ramanna Ctr Adv Technol, Theory & Simulat Lab, HRDS, Indore 452013, India.;Homi Bhabha Natl Inst, Training Sch Complex, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India..
    Stenberg, Nader
    Stockholm Univ, Alballova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Walle, Lars Erik
    SINTEF Ind, Petr Dept, Format Phys, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway..
    Ragazzon, Davide
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Chemical and Bio-Molecular Physics.
    Borg, Anne
    NTNU Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Uvdal, Per
    Lund Univ, Dept Chem, Chem Phys, POB 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Skorodumova, Natalia V.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory. Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Mat & Engn, Multiscale Mat Modelling, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Odelius, Michael
    Stockholm Univ, Alballova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Chemical and Bio-Molecular Physics.
    Core-Level Binding Energy Reveals Hydrogen Bonding Configurations of Water Adsorbed on TiO2 (110) Surface2021In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 126, no 1, article id 016102Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the oxygen 1s core level, the ratio between intact (D2O) and dissociated (OD) water in the hydrated stoichiometric TiO2 (110) surface is determined at varying coverage and temperature. In the submonolayer regime, both the D2O:OD ratio and the core-level binding energy of D2O (Delta BE) decrease with temperature. The observed variations in Delta BE are shown with density functional theory to be governed crucially and solely by the local hydrogen bonding environment, revealing a generally applicable classification and details about adsorption motifs.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 23.
    Karis, Olof
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Experimental Physics. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Valizadeh, Sima
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Experimental Physics. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. Elektronmikroskopi.
    Surpi, Alessandro
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Experimental Physics. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (C.N.R.).
    HUNTER DUNN, J
    MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden..
    SVEDLINDH, PETER
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Experimental Physics. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Stanciu, V
    Warnicke, P
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Experimental Physics. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Experimental Physics. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Nyholm, Leif
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Experimental Physics. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. oorganisk kemi.
    Sanyal, Biplab
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Experimental Physics. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Eriksson, Olle
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Experimental Physics. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry. Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics. Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Electronic and geometric structure of (Zn,Co)O room temperature Ferromagnets2005In: 50th MMM Meeting Program, 2005Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 24. Karlsson, P. G.
    et al.
    Richter, J. H.
    Andersson, M. P.
    Johansson, M. K-J
    Blomquist, J.
    Uvdal, P.
    Sandell, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Surface and Interface Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    TiO2 chemical vapor deposition on Si(111) in ultrahigh vacuum: Transition from interfacial phase to crystalline phase in the reaction limited regime2011In: Surface Science, ISSN 0039-6028, E-ISSN 1879-2758, Vol. 605, no 13-14, p. 1147-1156Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The interaction between the metal organic precursor molecule titanium(IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) and three different surfaces has been studied: Si(111)-(7 x 7), SiOx/Si(111) and TiO2. These surfaces represent the different surface compositions encountered during TTIP mediated TiO2 chemical vapor deposition on Si(111). The surface chemistry of the titanium(IV) isopropoxide precursor and the film growth have been explored by core level photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. The resulting film morphology has been imaged with scanning tunneling microscopy. The growth rate depends on both surface temperature and surface composition. The behavior can be rationalized in terms of the surface stability of isopropoxy and isopropyl groups, confirming that growth at 573 K is a reaction limited process.

  • 25.
    Karlsson, Patrik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Bolik, Sara
    Richter, Jan
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Mahrov, Boriss
    Department of Physical Chemistry. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Johansson, E M J
    Blomquist, J
    Uvdal, P
    Rensmo, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Chemistry, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Interfacial properties of the nanostructured dye-sensitized solid heterojunction TiO2/RuL2(NCS)(2)/CuI2004In: Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 120, no 23, p. 11224-11232Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 26.
    Karlsson, Patrik G.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics, Physics I.
    Johansson, L. I.
    Richter, Jan Hinnerk
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Virojanadara, C.
    Blomquist, J.
    Uvdal, P.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Ultrathin ZrO2 films on Si-rich SiC(0 0 0 1)-(3 × 3): Growth and thermal stability2007In: Surface Science, ISSN 0039-6028, E-ISSN 1879-2758, Vol. 601, no 11, p. 2390-2400Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The growth and thermal stability of ultrathin ZrO2 films on the Si-rich Si(0001)-(3 x 3) surface have been explored using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The films were grown in situ by chemical vapor deposition using the zirconium tetra tert-butoxide (ZTB) precursor. The O 1s XAS results show that growth at 400 degrees C yields tetragonal ZrO2. An interface is formed between the ZrO2 film and the SiC substrate. The interface contains Si in several chemically different states. This gives evidence for an interface that is much more complex than that formed upon oxidation with O-2. Si in a 4+ oxidation state is detected in the near surface region. This shows that intermixing of SiO2 and ZrO2 occurs, possibly under the formation of silicate. The alignment of the ZrO2 and SiC band edges is discussed based on core level and valence PES spectra. Subsequent annealing of a deposited film was performed in order to study the thermal stability of the system. Annealing to 800 degrees C does not lead to decomposition of the tetragonal ZrO2 (t-ZrO2) but changes are observed within the interface region. After annealing to 1000 degrees C a laterally heterogeneous layer has formed. The decomposition of the film leads to regions with t-ZrO2 remnants, metallic Zr silicide and Si aggregates.

  • 27.
    Karlsson, Patrik G.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Richter, Jan Hinnerk
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Blomquist, J.
    Uvdal, P.
    Grehk, T. M.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Metal organic chemical vapor deposition of ultrathin ZrO2 films on Si(100) and Si(111) studied by electron spectroscopy2007In: Surface Science, ISSN 0039-6028, E-ISSN 1879-2758, Vol. 601, no 4, p. 1008-1018Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The growth of ultrathin ZrO2 films on Si(1 0 0)-(2 × 1) and Si(1 1 1)-(7 × 7) has been studied with core level photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The films were deposited sequentially by chemical vapor deposition in ultra-high vacuum using zirconium tetra-tert-butoxide as precursor. Deposition of a > 50 Å thick film leads in both cases to tetragonal ZrO2 (t-ZrO2), whereas significant differences are found for thinner films. On Si(1 1 1)-(7 × 7) the local structure of t-ZrO2 is not observed until a film thickness of 51 Å is reached. On Si(1 0 0)-(2 × 1) the local geometric structure of t-ZrO2 is formed already at a film thickness of 11 Å. The higher tendency for the formation of t-ZrO2 on Si(1 0 0) is discussed in terms of Zr–O valence electron matching to the number of dangling bonds per surface Si atom. The Zr–O hybridization within the ZrO2 unit depends furthermore on the chemical composition of the surrounding. The precursor t-butoxy ligands undergo efficient C–O scission on Si(1 0 0), leaving carbonaceous fragments embedded in the interfacial layer. In contrast, after small deposits on Si(1 1 1) stable t-butoxy groups are found. These are consumed upon further deposition. Stable methyl and, possibly, also hydroxyl groups are found on both surfaces within a wide film thickness range.

  • 28.
    Karlsson, Patrik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Fysik 1.
    Richter, Jan Hinnerk
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Andersson, M P
    Blomquist, J
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Uvdal, P
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    UHV-MOCVD growth of TiO2 on SiOx/Si(111): Interfacial properties reflected in the Si 2p photoemission spectra2005In: Surface Science, Vol. 580, no 1-3, p. 207-217Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 29.
    Lewin, Erik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. oorganisk kemi.
    Johansson, E
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Sandell, A
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Gorgoi, M
    Schäfers, F
    Braun, W
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Stüber, M
    Jansson, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry. oorganisk kemi.
    Svensson, S
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Eberhardt, W
    HIKE experiments at KMC-1: Recent Analysis of Thin Film Nanocomposites2007In: Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung m.b.H. (BESSY) Annual Report (2006), p. 503-504Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Lewin, Erik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Persson, P.O.Å
    Lattermann, M
    Stüber, M
    Gorgoi, M
    Sandell, A
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Ziebert, C
    Schäfers, F
    Braun, W
    Halbritter, J
    Ulrich, S
    Eberhard, W
    Hultman, L
    Siegbahn, H
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Svensson, S
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Jansson, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    On the origin of a third spectral component of C1s XPS-spectra for nc-TiC/a-C nanocomposite thin films2008In: Surface & Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257-8972, E-ISSN 1879-3347, Vol. 202, no 15, p. 3563-3570Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of sputter-etched nc-TiC/a-C nanocomposite thin films published in literature show an extra feature of unknown origin in the C1s region. This feature is situated between the contributions of carbide and the carbon matrix. We have used high kinetic energy XPS (HIKE-XPS) on magnetron-sputtered nc-TiC/a-C thin films to show that this feature represents a third chemical environment in the nanocomposites, besides the carbide and the amorphous carbon. Our results show that component is present in as-deposited samples, and that the intensity is strongly enhanced by Ar+-ion etching. This third chemical environment may be due to interface or disorder effects. The implications of these observations on the XPS analysis of nanocomposites are discussed in the light of overlap problems for ternary carbon based systems.

  • 31. Nilsson, B
    et al.
    Adler, J O
    Andersson, B E
    Annand, J R M
    Akkurt, I
    Boland, M J
    Crawford, G I
    Fissum, K G
    Hansen, K
    Harty, P D
    Ireland, D G
    Isaksson, L
    Karlsson, M
    Lundin, M
    McGeorge, J C
    Miller, G J
    Ruijter, H
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Schroder, B
    Sims, D A
    Watts, D
    Near-threshold measurement of the He-4(gamma,n) reaction2005In: Physics Letters B, Vol. 626, p. 65-71Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 32.
    Nilsson, Johan O.
    et al.
    KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Brinellvagen 23, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Leetmaa, Mikael
    KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Brinellvagen 23, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wang, Baochang
    Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.;Chalmers Univ Technol, Competence Ctr Catalysis, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Zguns, Pjotrs A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory. KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Brinellvagen 23, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pasti, Igor
    Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys Chem, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade 11158, Serbia..
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Skorodumova, Natalia V.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory. KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Brinellvagen 23, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Modeling Kinetics of Water Adsorption on the Rutile TiO2 (110) Surface: Influence of Exchange-Correlation Functional2018In: Physica status solidi. B, Basic research, ISSN 0370-1972, E-ISSN 1521-3951, Vol. 255, no 3, article id 1700344Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The accuracy of the theoretical description of materials properties in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) inherently depends on the exchange-correlation (XC) functional used in the calculations. Here we investigate the influence of the choice of a XC functional (PBE, RPBE, PW91, and PBE0) on the kinetics of the adsorption, diffusion and dissociation of water on the rutile TiO2(110) surface using a combined Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) - DFT approach, where the KMC simulations are based on the barriers for the aforementioned processes calculated with DFT. We also test how the adsorption energy of intact and dissociated water molecules changes when dispersion interactions are included into the calculations. We consider the beginning of the water layer formation varying coverage up to 0.2 monolayer (ML) at temperatures up to 180K. We demonstrate that the dynamics of the simulated water-titania system is extremely sensitive to the choice of the XC functional.

  • 33.
    Olovsson, W
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics IV. Physics I.
    Holmström, E
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics IV. Physics I.
    Sandell, A
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics IV. Physics I.
    Abrikosov, I A
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics IV. Physics I.
    Core-level shifts for surface bimetallic systems from first-principles theory: Pd-Mn structures on Pd(100)2003In: Physical Review B, Vol. 68, no 4, p. 045411-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 34.
    Ragazzon, Davide
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Farstad, Mari Helene
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).
    Schaefer, Andreas
    University of Bremen.
    Walle, Lare Erik
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).
    Uvdal, Per
    Lund University.
    Borg, Anne
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Growth of TiO2(B)(001) on Au(111) by Chemical Vapor Deposition2015In: Surface Science, ISSN 0039-6028, E-ISSN 1879-2758, Vol. 633, p. 102-108Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study presents how a TiO2(B) film exposing the (001) face can be grown on Au(111) by chemical vapor deposition. Identification and characterization of the TiO2(B)(001) layer are carried out with low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Formation of the TiO2(B) film requires a two-step preparation procedure: deposition at 280 °C followed by annealing to 500 °C. This suggests that the interaction between a substrate and an overlayer stabilizes the TiO2(B) film, preventing the formation of thermodynamically more stable rutile islands. The study thus gives insight into how the morphology and the atomic structure of the titania overlayer can be controlled.

  • 35.
    Ragazzon, Davide
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Schaefer, A.
    Farstad, M. H.
    Walle, L. E.
    Palmgren, P.
    Borg, A.
    Uvdal, P.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Chemical vapor deposition of ordered TiOx nanostructures on Au(111)2013In: Surface Science, ISSN 0039-6028, E-ISSN 1879-2758, Vol. 617, p. 211-217Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The deposition of TiOx (x <= 2) structures on Au(111) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) has been investigated with high-resolution core level photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Using titanium tetra-isopropoxide as single source precursor it is possible to form different TiOx phases on the surface after deposition: at low coverages, we observe large two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb-lattice Ti2O3 islands with a (2 x 2) registry with the substrate. Higher coverages are dominated by the formation of three-dimensional (3D) TiO2 structures. The TiO2 structures are atomically well ordered provided that the deposition temperature is high enough (500 degrees C). The ordered structure exhibits a LEED pattern characteristic for a rectangular surface unit cell. By performing the deposition at different temperatures it is possible to tune the balance between the 2D and 3D phases: Growth at 500 degrees C significantly favors the formation of 3D TiO2 islands as compared to growth at 200 degrees C and 300 degrees C.

  • 36.
    Richter, J. H.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science.
    Karlsson, P. G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science.
    Sandell, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science.
    Electronic structure of a laterally graded ZrO2-TiO2 film on Si(100) prepared by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition in ultrahigh vacuum2008In: Journal of Applied Physics, ISSN 0021-8979, E-ISSN 1089-7550, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 103, no 9, p. 094109-094109-8Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A TiO2-ZrO2 film with laterally graded stoichiometry has been prepared by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition in ultrahigh vacuum. The film was characterized in situ using synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and x-ray absorption spectroscopy. PES depth profiling clearly shows that Ti ions segregate toward the surface region when mixed with ZrO2. The binding energy of the ZrO2 electronic levels is constant with respect to the local vacuum level. The binding energy of the TiO2 electronic levels is aligned to the Fermi level down to a Ti/Zr ratio of about 0.5. At a Ti/Zr ratio between 0.1 and 0.5, the TiO2 related electronic levels become aligned to the local vacuum level. The addition of small amounts of TiO2 to ZrO2 results in a ZrO2 band alignment relative to the Fermi level that is less asymmetric than for pure ZrO2. The band edge positions shift by -0.6 eV for a Ti/Zr ratio of 0.03. This is explained in terms of an increase in the work function when adding TiO2, an effect that becomes emphasized by Ti surface segregation.

  • 37.
    Richter, Jan Hinnerk
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Henningsson, Anders
    Karlsson, Patrik
    Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Andersson, M P
    Uvdal, P
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Electronic structure of lithium-doped anatase TiO2 prepared in ultrahigh vacuum2005In: Physical Review B, Vol. 71, no 23Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 38.
    Richter, Jan Hinnerk
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Theoretical Magnetism. Fysik 1.
    Henningsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Theoretical Magnetism.
    Sanyal, Biplab
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Theoretical Magnetism. Theoretical Magnetism.
    Karlsson, Patrik
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Theoretical Magnetism. Fysik 1.
    Andersson, M. P.
    Uvdal, P
    Siegbahn, Hans
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Theoretical Magnetism. Fysik 1.
    Eriksson, Olle
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Theoretical Magnetism. Theoretical Magnetism.
    Sandell, Anders
    Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Theoretical Magnetism. Fysik 1.
    Phase separation and charge localization in UHV-lithiated anatase TiO2 nanoparticles2005In: Physical Review B, ISSN 1098-0121, Vol. 71, no 23, p. 235419-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The insertion of lithium in anatase TiO2 nanoparticles under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions is studied using x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and resonant photoelectron spectroscopy (RPES) at the Ti L2,3 edge. It is demonstrated that XAS can be used to monitor the separation into an anatase phase and a lithium titanate phase of formal stoichiometry Li0.5TiO2. The initial state properties of the Ti 3d states of the lithium titanate phase are investigated using ab initio electronic structure calculations. The calculations show a correlation driven separation of Ti 3d states from the conduction band in agreement with previous studies. It is shown that Ti in different oxidation states (Ti3+ and Ti4+) is formed as a direct consequence of the electron-electron interaction. RPES and XAS spectra confirm the presence of electronically inequivalent Ti sites. The site-sensitivity of the RPES spectra at selected electron binding energies is found to be consistent with the calculations.

  • 39.
    Richter, Jan Hinnerk
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Karlsson, Patrik G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Sanyal, Biplab
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Blomquist, J.
    Uvdal, P.
    Sandell, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Band alignment at the ZrO2/Si(100) interface studied by photoelectron and x-ray absorption spectroscopy2007In: Journal of Applied Physics, ISSN 0021-8979, E-ISSN 1089-7550, Vol. 101, no 10, p. 104120-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present measurements of the Zr and Si core level photoelectron binding energies relative to the Fermi level and the vacuum level under a ZrO2 growth series on Si(100). It is shown that the Zr core level binding energy is most properly referenced to the local vacuum level already from the monolayer regime. This confirms the insulating properties of ZrO2. The Si core levels are referenced to the Fermi level and undergo shifts consistent with the disappearance of the mid-band-gap states originating from the (2×1) reconstruction on the clean Si(100) surface. The use of O 1s x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to determine the location of the conduction band edge of ZrO2 is discussed with the aid of ab initio calculations. It is demonstrated that the conduction band edge is located at the XAS peak position and that the position relative to the valence band can be determined by aligning the O 1s XAS spectrum to the O 1s photoelectron spectrum. The study thus establishes that photoelectron spectroscopy in conjunction with x-ray absorption spectroscopy forms a most powerful tool for studies of the band alignment at metal oxide-silicon interfaces.

  • 40.
    Sandell, A
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V. Fysik 1.
    Andersson, M P
    Alfredsson, Y
    Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Johansson, M K-J
    Schnadt, J
    Rensmo, H
    Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Siegbahn, H
    Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Uvdal, P
    Titanium dioxide thin film growth on silicon (111) by chemical vapor deposition of titanium(IV) isopropoxide2002In: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 92, p. 3381-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Sandell, A
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Fysik 1.
    Andersson, M P
    Jaworowski, A J
    Roberts, J T
    Uvdal, P
    Surface chemistry of TiCl4 on W(110): Identification of surface intermediates2002In: Surface Science, Vol. 521, p. 129-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 42.
    Sandell, A
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Andersson, M P
    Johansson, M K J
    Karlsson, P
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Alfredsson, Y
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Schnadt, J
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Siegbahn, H
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Uvdal, P
    Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of anatase titanium dioxide on Si: Modifying the interface by pre-oxidation2003In: Surface science, Vol. 530, no 1-2, p. 63-70Article in journal (Other scientific)
  • 43.
    Sandell, A.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Sanyal, Biplab
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Materials Theory.
    Walle, L. E.
    Richter, J. H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Plogmaker, S.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Karlsson, P. G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Surface and Interface Science.
    Borg, A.
    Uvdal, P.
    Probing and modifying the empty-state threshold of anatase TiO2: Experiments and ab initio theory2008In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, ISSN 1098-0121, E-ISSN 1550-235X, Vol. 78, no 7, p. 075113-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    O 1s x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in conjunction with photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to explore the conduction-band edge of single crystalline and nanostructured anatase TiO2. The experiments are supported by ab initio density-functional calculations in which both the initial and core hole final states are considered. The calculations show that the states at the conduction-band edge of anatase are of pure d(xy) character. This is also the case in the presence of an O 1s core hole. In the O 1s XAS process pure Ti d states cannot be probed and, by appropriate energy referencing, the separation between the Ti d derived conduction-band edge and the threshold of the unoccupied Ti d-O p states can therefore be revealed. The electronic charge needed per Ti to eliminate this offset is discussed in quantitative terms. The theoretical and experimental values are in good agreement, showing that 4 +/- 2% of an electronic charge per Ti ion is sufficient to change the character of the empty states at threshold from pure Ti d to Ti d-O p.

  • 44.
    Sandell, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Jaworowski, A J
    The Mn 2p core-level photoelectron spectrum of Pd-Mn bimetallic systems on Pd(100)2004In: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 135, no 1, p. 7-14Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 45.
    Sandell, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Karlsson, Patrik G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Richter, J. H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics.
    Blomquist, J.
    Uvdal, P.
    Surface chemistry of HfI4 on Si(100)-(2x1) studied by core level photoelectron spectroscopy2007In: Surface Science, ISSN 0039-6028, E-ISSN 1879-2758, Vol. 601, no 4, p. 917-923Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The chemistry of HfI4 adsorbed on the Si(100)-(2 x 1) surface has been studied by core level photoelectron spectroscopy in ultra-high vacuum. Two stable surface intermediates are identified: HfI3 and HfI2, both of which remain upon heating to 690 K. The dissociation of HfI4 is accompanied by the formation of SiI. In addition, HfI4 is observed up to 300 K. Complete desorption of iodine occurs in the temperature regime 690-780 K. Deposition of HfI4 at 870 K results in a layer consisting of metallic Hf, whereas deposition at 1120 K results in the formation of Hf silicide. The results indicate that the metallic Hf formed at 870 K is in the form of particles. Oxidation of this film by O2 at low pressure does not result in complete Hf oxidation. This suggests that complete oxidation of Hf is a critical step when using HfI4 as precursor in atomic layer deposition.

  • 46.
    Sandell, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Fysik 1.
    Karlsson, Patrik
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Richter, Jan Hinnerk
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I.
    Blomquist, J
    Uvdal, P
    Grehk, T M
    Growth of ultrathin ZrO2 films on Si(100): Film thickness dependent band alignment2006In: Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 88, no 13, p. 132905-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 47.
    Sandell, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V. Fysik 1.
    Karlsson, Patrik
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Richter, Jan Hinnerk
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Göthelid, Emmanuelle
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Physics, Department of Physics. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Physics I. Physics V.
    Uvdal, P
    Blomquist, J
    Grehk, T M
    Zirconium Dioxide Formation on Silicon Surfaces by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition in UHV2006In: AVS 53, 2006Conference paper (Other (popular scientific, debate etc.))
  • 48.
    Sandell, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Ragazzon, Davide
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Schaefer, A.
    Lund Univ, Div Synchrotron Radiat Res, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Farstad, M. H.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Phys, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Borg, A.
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Phys, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Photochemistry of Carboxylate on TiO2(110) Studied with Synchrotron Radiation Photoelectron Spectroscopy2016In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 32, no 44, p. 11456-11464Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a dedicated synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (SR-PES) study of a photochemical reaction on the surface of rutile TiO2(110). The photoreaction kinetics of carboxylate species (trimethyl acetate, TMA) upon irradiation by UV and soft X-rays were monitored, and we show that it is possible to control the reaction rates from UV light and soft X-rays independently. We directly observe Ti4+ -> Ti3+ conversion upon irradiation, attributed to electron trapping at Ti sites close to surface OH groups formed by deprotonation of the parent molecule, trimethylacetic acid (TMAA). TMA photolysis on two surface preparations with different oxygen vacancy densities shows that the vacancy-related charge quenches the amount of charge that can be trapped at hydroxyls upon irradiation. During the initial stages of reaction the correlation between the amount of photodepleted TMA and the amount of charge trapped in the Ti 3d band gap state is nearly 1:1. A first-order kinetics analysis reveals that the reaction rate decreases with decreasing TMA coverage. There is also a coverage-dependent difference in the electronic structure of TMA moieties, primarily involving the carboxyl anchor group. These changes are consistent with a decreased hole affinity of the adsorbed TMA and hence a decreased reaction rate. This discovery adds to the previously presented picture of a reactivity that is inversely proportional to the number of surface hydroxyls, suggesting that the balance between the amounts of TMA, OH, and trapped charge needs to be considered.

  • 49.
    Sandell, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Surface and Interface Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and condensed matter physics.
    Sanyal, Biplab
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Theory.
    Walle, L. E.
    Uvdal, P.
    Borg, A.
    Probing the conduction band edge of transition metal oxides by X-ray absorption spectroscopy2011In: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, ISSN 0368-2048, E-ISSN 1873-2526, Vol. 183, no 1-3, p. 107-113Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a comprehensive picture of how X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the O 1s edge, supported by ob initio calculations, can be used to address the electronic properties of the conduction band edges of transition metal oxides. The compounds studied in order to illustrate the method are two of the most versatile transition metal oxides, ZrO2 and TiO2. Special attention is paid to the subtler aspects of the approach, discussing in more detail the kind of information provided and also possible shortcomings and complications. It is shown that the interpretation of the relationship between the Fermi level-referenced O 1s PES peak and the O 1s is XAS spectrum can change depending on the electronic properties of the material under study. In order to fully understand the PES-XAS relationship, supporting information from calculations is essential.

  • 50.
    Sandell, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Schaefer, A.
    Lund Univ, Dept Synchrotron Radiat Res, POB 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Ragazzon, Davide
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics.
    Farstad, M. H.
    NTNU Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Borg, A.
    NTNU Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
    Adsorption and photolysis of trimethyl acetate on TiO2(B)(001) studied with synchrotron radiation core level photoelectron spectroscopy2017In: Surface Science, ISSN 0039-6028, E-ISSN 1879-2758, Vol. 666, p. 104-112Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy study of the adsorption and photooxidation of trimethyl acetate (TMA) on TiO2(B)(001). The TiO2(B)(001) substrate was realized in the form of 2nm thick film on Au(111). The TMA species adopt the bidentate bonding configuration, as expected for carboxylic acids on TiO2, but cannot coordinate to all surface Ti ions due to steric hindrance. The proposed arrangement of the TMA species thus allows for the formation of an overlayer with a (2 x 1) periodicity. The thermal stability is found to be comparable to that on rutile (110) although the results indicate differences in the threshold for the TMA+H -> TMAA reaction. Photolysis using both ultraviolet (UV) light and soft x-ray synchrotron radiation (SR) was studied and compared to the reaction on the reduced ruffle (110) surface. A kinetic analysis suggests that the photoreaction rate for TMA on the TiO2(B) thin film is initially two times faster than that on the reduced rutile TiO2(110) surface. The higher activity of the TiO2(B) film is assigned to a reduced influence from surplus electrons associated with reduced Ti species, thereby decreasing the probability for hole-annihilation at high TMA coverage.

12 1 - 50 of 65
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