Logo: to the web site of Uppsala University

uu.sePublications from Uppsala University
Change search
Refine search result
12 1 - 50 of 96
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1.
    Ahlgren, Kerstin M
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Fall, Tove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Landegren, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Grimelius, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Molecular and Morphological Pathology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    von Euler, Henrik
    Sundberg, Katarina
    Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Genomics. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Lobell, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Hedhammar, Åke
    Andersson, Göran
    Hansson-Hamlin, Helene
    Lernmark, Åke
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Lack of evidence for a role of islet autoimmunity in the aetiology of canine diabetes mellitus2014In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 9, no 8, p. e105473-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:

    Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs and is commonly proposed to be of autoimmune origin. Although the clinical presentation of human type 1 diabetes (T1D) and canine diabetes are similar, the aetiologies may differ. The aim of this study was to investigate if autoimmune aetiology resembling human T1D is as prevalent in dogs as previously reported.

    METHODS:

    Sera from 121 diabetic dogs representing 40 different breeds were tested for islet cell antibodies (ICA) and GAD65 autoantibodies (GADA) and compared with sera from 133 healthy dogs. ICA was detected by indirect immunofluorescence using both canine and human frozen sections. GADA was detected by in vitro transcription and translation (ITT) of human and canine GAD65, followed by immune precipitation. Sections of pancreata from five diabetic dogs and two control dogs were examined histopathologically including immunostaining for insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreas polypeptide.

    RESULTS:

    None of the canine sera analysed tested positive for ICA on sections of frozen canine or human ICA pancreas. However, serum from one diabetic dog was weakly positive in the canine GADA assay and serum from one healthy dog was weakly positive in the human GADA assay. Histopathology showed marked degenerative changes in endocrine islets, including vacuolisation and variable loss of immune-staining for insulin. No sign of inflammation was noted.

    CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS:

    Contrary to previous observations, based on results from tests for humoral autoreactivity towards islet proteins using four different assays, and histopathological examinations, we do not find any support for an islet autoimmune aetiology in canine diabetes mellitus.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 2.
    Ahlgren, Kerstin M.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Moretti, Silvia
    Lundgren, Brita Ardesjö
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Karlsson, Iulia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Åhlin, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology.
    Norling, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hallgren, Åsa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Perheentupa, Jaakko
    Gustafsson, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Crewther, Pauline E.
    Rönnelid, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology.
    Bensing, Sophie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Scott, Hamish S.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Romani, Luigina
    Lobell, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Increased IL-17A secretion in response to Candida albicans in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 and its animal model2011In: European Journal of Immunology, ISSN 0014-2980, E-ISSN 1521-4141, Vol. 41, no 1, p. 235-245Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a multiorgan autoimmune disease caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism and adrenal failure are hallmarks of the disease. The critical mechanisms causing chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in APS-1 patients have not been identified although autoantibodies to cytokines are implicated in the pathogenesis. To investigate whether the Th reactivity to Candida albicans (C. albicans) and other stimuli was altered, we isolated PBMC from APS-1 patients and matched healthy controls. The Th17 pathway was upregulated in response to C. albicans in APS-1 patients, whereas the IL-22 secretion was reduced. Autoantibodies against IL-22, IL-17A and IL-17F were detected in sera from APS-1 patients by immunoprecipitation. In addition, Aire-deficient (Aire(0/0) ) mice were much more susceptible than Aire(+/+) mice to mucosal candidiasis and C. albicans-induced Th17- and Th1-cell responses were increased in Aire(0/0) mice. Thus an excessive IL-17A reactivity towards C. albicans was observed in APS-1 patients and Aire(0/0) mice.

  • 3.
    Albrecht, Inka
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wick, Cecilia
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hallgren, Asa
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Expt Endocrinol, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Tjarnlund, Anna
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Nagaraju, Kanneboyina
    Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Med Genet Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA..
    Andrade, Felipe
    Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA..
    Thompson, Kathryn
    Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Med Genet Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA..
    Coley, William
    Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Med Genet Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA..
    Phadke, Aditi
    Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Med Genet Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA..
    Diaz-Gallo, Lina-Marcela
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Bottai, Matteo
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Biostat, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Nennesmo, Inger
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Lab Med, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Chemin, Karine
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Herrath, Jessica
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Johansson, Karin
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wikberg, Anders
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ytterberg, A. Jimmy
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Biochem & Biophys, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Zubarev, Roman A.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Biochem & Biophys, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Danielsson, Olof
    Linkoping Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Div Neurol, Linkoping, Sweden..
    Krystufkova, Olga
    Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 1, Inst Rheumatol, Prague, Czech Republic.;Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 1, Dept Rheumatol, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Vencovsky, Jiri
    Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 1, Inst Rheumatol, Prague, Czech Republic.;Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 1, Dept Rheumatol, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Landegren, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Expt Endocrinol, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wahren-Herlenius, Marie
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Expt Rheumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Padyukov, Leonid
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Expt Endocrinol, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lundberg, Ingrid E.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Theumatol Unit, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Development of autoantibodies against muscle-specific FHL1 in severe inflammatory myopathies2015In: Journal of Clinical Investigation, ISSN 0021-9738, E-ISSN 1558-8238, Vol. 125, no 12, p. 4612-4624Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mutations of the gene encoding four-and-a-half LIM domain 1 (FHL1) are the causative factor of several X-linked hereditary myopathies that are collectively termed FHL1-related myopathies. These disorders are characterized by severe muscle dysfunction and damage. Here, we have shown that patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) develop autoimmunity to FHL1, which is a muscle-specific protein. Anti-FHL1 autoantibodies were detected in 25% of IIM patients, while patients with other autoimmune diseases or muscular dystrophies were largely anti-FHL1 negative. Anti-FHL1 reactivity was predictive for muscle atrophy, dysphagia, pronounced muscle fiber damage, and vasculitis. FHL1 showed an altered expression pattern, with focal accumulation in the muscle fibers of autoantibody-positive patients compared with a homogeneous expression in anti-FHL1-negative patients and healthy controls. We determined that FHL1 is a target of the cytotoxic protease granzyme B, indicating that the generation of FHL1 fragments may initiate FHL1 autoimmunity. Moreover, immunization of myositis-prone mice with FHL1 aggravated muscle weakness and increased mortality, suggesting a direct link between anti-FHL1 responses and muscle damage. Together, our findings provide evidence that FHL1 may be involved in the pathogenesis not only of genetic FHL1-related myopathies but also of autoimmune IIM. Importantly, these results indicate that anti-FHL1 autoantibodies in peripheral blood have promising potential as a biomarker to identify a subset of severe IIM.

  • 4.
    Alimohammadi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Björklund, Peyman
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hallgren, Åsa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Pöntynen, Nora
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Szinnai, Gabor
    Shikama, Noriko
    Keller, Marcel P
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kinkel, Sarah A
    Husebye, Eystein S
    Gustafsson, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Peltonen, Leena
    Betterle, Corrado
    Perheentupa, Jaakko
    Åkerström, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Westin, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Scott, Hamish S
    Holländer, Georg A
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 and NALP5, a parathyroid autoantigen2008In: New England Journal of Medicine, ISSN 0028-4793, E-ISSN 1533-4406, Vol. 358, no 10, p. 1018-1028Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a multiorgan autoimmune disorder caused by mutations in AIRE, the autoimmune regulator gene. Though recent studies concerning AIRE deficiency have begun to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmunity in patients with APS-1, the autoantigen responsible for hypoparathyroidism, a hallmark of APS-1 and its most common autoimmune endocrinopathy, has not yet been identified. METHODS: We performed immunoscreening of a human parathyroid complementary DNA library, using serum samples from patients with APS-1 and hypoparathyroidism, to identify patients with reactivity to the NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 (NALP5). Subsequently, serum samples from 87 patients with APS-1 and 293 controls, including patients with other autoimmune disorders, were used to determine the frequency and specificity of autoantibodies against NALP5. In addition, the expression of NALP5 was investigated in various tissues. RESULTS: NALP5-specific autoantibodies were detected in 49% of the patients with APS-1 and hypoparathyroidism but were absent in all patients with APS-1 but without hypoparathyroidism, in all patients with other autoimmune endocrine disorders, and in all healthy controls. NALP5 was predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of parathyroid chief cells. CONCLUSIONS: NALP5 appears to be a tissue-specific autoantigen involved in hypoparathyroidism in patients with APS-1. Autoantibodies against NALP5 appear to be highly specific and may be diagnostic for this prominent component of APS-1.

  • 5.
    Alimohammadi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Internal Medicine.
    Dubois, Noemie
    Sköldberg, Filip
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Colorectal Surgery.
    Hallgren, Åsa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Tradivel, Isabelle
    Hedstrand, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Haavik, Jan
    Husebye, Eystein
    Gustafsson, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Meloni, Antonella
    Janson, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Internal Medicine.
    Vilattes, Bernard
    Kajosaari, Merja
    Egner, William
    Sargur, Ravishankar
    Amoura, Zahir
    Grimfeld, Alain
    Pontén, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Molecular and Morphological Pathology.
    De Luca, Filippo
    Betterle, Corrado
    Perheentupa, Jaakko
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Internal Medicine.
    Pulmonary Autoimmunity as a Feature of Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1 and Identification of KCNRG as a Bronchial Autoantigen2009In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, ISSN 0027-8424, E-ISSN 1091-6490, Vol. 106, no 11, p. 4396-4401Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) suffer from multiple organ-specific autoimmunity with autoantibodies against target tissue-specific autoantigens. Endocrine and nonendocrine organs such as skin, hair follicles, and liver are targeted by the immune system. Despite sporadic observations of pulmonary symptoms among APS-1 patients, an autoimmune mechanism for pulmonary involvement has not been elucidated. We report here on a subset of APS-1 patients with respiratory symptoms. Eight patients with pulmonary involvement were identified. Severe airway obstruction was found in 4 patients, leading to death in 2. Immunoscreening of a cDNA library using serum samples from a patient with APS-1 and obstructive respiratory symptoms identified a putative potassium channel regulator (KCNRG) as a pulmonary autoantigen. Reactivity to recombinant KCNRG was assessed in 110 APS-1 patients by using immunoprecipitation. Autoantibodies to KCNRG were present in 7 of the 8 patients with respiratory symptoms, but in only 1 of 102 APS-1 patients without respiratory symptoms. Expression of KCNRG messenger RNA and protein was found to be predominantly restricted to the epithelial cells of terminal bronchioles. Autoantibodies to KCNRG, a protein mainly expressed in bronchial epithelium, are strongly associated with pulmonary involvement in APS-1. These findings may facilitate the recognition, diagnosis, characterization, and understanding of the pulmonary manifestations of APS-1.

  • 6.
    Alimohammadi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Szinnai, Gabor
    Hubert, François-Xavier
    Pöntynen, Nora
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Shum, Antony
    Su, Maureen
    Hallgren, Åsa
    Shikama, Noriko
    Kinkel, Sarah
    Björklund, Peyman
    Scott, Hamish
    Anderson, Mark
    Holländer, Georg
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    NALP5 - a Target for Autoantibodies in AIRE Deficient Mice Reflecting the Autoimmune StatusManuscript (Other academic)
  • 7. Andersson, Åsa
    et al.
    Isaksson, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Wefer, Judit
    Norling, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Flores-Morales, Amilcar
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Harris, Robert A.
    Lobell, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Impaired autoimmune T helper 17 cell responses following DNA vaccination against rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis2008In: PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 3, no 11, p. e3682-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that vaccination with DNA encoding the encephalitogenic peptide myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)(91-108) (pMOG) suppresses MOG(91-108)-induced rat Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model for human Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The suppressive effect of pMOG is dependent on inclusion of CpG DNA in the plasmid backbone and is associated with early induction of Interferon (IFN)-beta. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this study we examined the mechanisms underlying pMOG-induced protection. We found that in the DNA vaccinated cohort proinflammatory Interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-21 responses were dramatically reduced compared to in the control group, but that the expression of Foxp3 and Tumor Growth Factor (TGF)-beta1, which are associated with regulatory T cells, was not enhanced. Moreover, genes associated with Type I IFNs were upregulated. To delineate the role of IFN-beta in the protective mechanism we employed short interfering RNA (siRNA) to IFN-beta in the DNA vaccine. SiRNA to IFN-beta completely abrogated the protective effects of the vaccine, demonstrating that a local early elaboration of IFN-beta is important for EAE protection. IL-17 responses comparable to those in control rats developed in rats injected with the IFN-beta-silencing DNA vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: We herein demonstrate that DNA vaccination protects from proinflammatory Th17 cell responses during induction of EAE. The mechanism involves IFN-beta as IL-17 responses are rescued by silencing of IFN-beta during DNA vaccination.

  • 8.
    Ardesjö, Brita
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hansson, Caisa M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Bruder, Carl E.G.
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Betterle, Corrado
    Dumanski, Jan P.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Autoantibodies to Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and other autoimmune diseases2008In: Journal of Autoimmunity, ISSN 0896-8411, E-ISSN 1095-9157, Vol. 30, no 4, p. 273-282Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an enigmatic disorder with a suggested autoimmune basis. A variety of autoantigens have been suggested but no specific or highly directed epitope has been identified. To address this issue, we constructed a cDNA library from normal human choledochus and screened expressing clones with serum from a patient with PSC and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Based on this screening, glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) was identified as a potential autoantigenic target. To study the specificity of GSTT1, we determined immunoreactivity using a panel of 58 patients with PSC, with and without IBD, 57 patients with IBD, 31 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 30 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 20 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, 22 patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, 10 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 20 patients with Sjogren's syndrome, 12 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis, 28 patients with Addison's disease, 27 patients with Grave's disease, 17 with myasthenia gravis, and 118 healthy controls. Reactivity against GSTT1 was found with PSC and IBD as well as some patients with other autoimmune pathology, indicating that this population of antibodies is neither specific nor a sensitive serologic marker for PSC, but the frequency was clearly higher in autoimmune patients than controls. GSTT1-antibodies have been described in persons with GSTT1-null genotype and are suggested to develop as an alloimmune response to blood transfusions from GSTT1-positive donors or pregnancies with GSTT1-positive children. Therefore, two IBD patients with and 15 PSC patients without GSTT1-antibodies were genotyped for GSTT1 to investigate if the presence of GSTT1-antibodies was associated with the GSTT1-null genotype and possibly caused by an alloimmune response. Both IBD patients and three of the PSC patients were of the GSTT1-null genotype. We note that the frequency of GSTT1-antibodies in this study is more than 100-fold higher than the frequency described earlier in patients with autoimmune diseases. We also observe an increased frequency of GSTT1-antibodies in patients with autoimmune diseases compared to healthy controls. This increased frequency can be explained by an autoimmune phenotype which increases susceptibility to such autoantibodies, or by a high frequency of the GSTT1-null genotype in autoimmune disease.

  • 9.
    Ardesjö, Brita
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Portela-Gomes, Guida M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Gerdin, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Lööf, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm , Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Grimelius, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Immunoreactivity against goblet cells in patients with inflammatory bowel disease2008In: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, ISSN 1078-0998, E-ISSN 1536-4844, Vol. 14, no 5, p. 652-661Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: A number of autoantibodies have been reported in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent sera from patients with IBD contain autoantibodies directed against normal human gastrointestinal mucosa. METHODS: Samples of sera from 50 patients with IBD and 50 healthy subjects were used for immunostaining of normal and affected human gastrointestinal tissues. RESULTS: Eighty-four percent of the sera from IBD patients showed immunoreactivity against goblet cells in the appendix compared with 8% of the sera from healthy subjects. Goblet cell reactivity of IBD patient sera varied between regions in the gastrointestinal tract. Sera from healthy subjects only reacted with goblet cells in the appendix. In the colon and the appendix, goblet cell reactivity of IBD sera was generally weak at the base of the crypts and gradually increased toward the lumen. Three IBD sera samples reacted with gastrin cells in the antrum. In colon biopsies from patients with ulcerative colitis, immunoreactivity against the remaining goblet cells showed an inverse correlation with inflammatory activity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that immunoreactivity against goblet cells may be of central importance in the pathogenesis of IBD. Identification of goblet cell antigens could lead to a better understanding of IBD and provide a new diagnostic tool.

  • 10.
    Ardesjö, Brita
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Portela-Gomes, Guida M.
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Grimelius, Lars
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Immunoreactivity against bile duct epithelial cells and identification of PDZ domain containing 1 as a novel autoantigen in Primary sclerosing cholangitis.Manuscript (Other academic)
  • 11.
    Bensing, Sophie
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Brandt, Lena
    Tabaroj, Farnoush
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Sjöberg, Olof
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine.
    Nilsson, Bo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Immunology.
    Ekbom, Anders
    Blomqvist, Paul
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Increased death risk and altered cancer incidence pattern in patients with isolated or combined autoimmune primary adrenocortical insufficiency2008In: Clinical Endocrinology, ISSN 0300-0664, E-ISSN 1365-2265, Vol. 69, no 5, p. 697-704Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: Primary adrenocortical insufficiency is mostly caused by an autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex. The disease may appear isolated or as a part of an autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS). APS1 is a rare hereditary disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. In APS2, primary adrenocortical insufficiency is often combined with autoimmune thyroid disease and/or type 1 diabetes. We analysed mortality and cancer incidence in primary adrenocortical insufficiency patients during 40 years. Data were compared with the general Swedish population. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: A population based cohort study including all patients with autoimmune primary adrenocortical insufficiency (3299) admitted to Swedish hospitals 1964-2004. MEASUREMENTS: Mortality risk was calculated as the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and cancer incidence as the standardized incidence ratio (SIR). RESULTS: A more than 2-fold increased mortality risk was observed in both women (SMR 2.9, 95% CI 2.7-3.0) and men (SMR 2.5, 95% CI 2.3-2.7). Highest risks were observed in patients diagnosed in childhood. SMR was higher in APS1 patients (SMR 4.6, 95% CI 3.5-6.0) compared with patients with APS2 (SMR 2.1, 95% CI 1.9-2.4). Cancer incidence was increased (SIR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2-1.5). When tumours observed during the first year of follow-up were excluded, only the cancer risk among APS1 patients remained increased. Cause-specific cancer incidence analysis revealed significantly higher incidences of oral cancer, nonmelanoma skin cancer, and male genital system cancer among patients. Breast cancer incidence was lower than in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows a reduced life expectancy and altered cancer incidence pattern in patients with autoimmune primary adrenocortical insufficiency.

  • 12.
    Bensing, Sophie
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Fetissov, Serguei
    Mulder, Jan
    Perheentupa, Jaakko
    Gustafsson, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Husebye, Eystein S.
    Oscarson, Mikael
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Crock, Patricia A.
    Hökfelt, Tomas
    Hulting, Anna-Lena
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Pituitary autoantibodies in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 12007In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, ISSN 0027-8424, E-ISSN 1091-6490, Vol. 104, no 3, p. 949-954Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. High titer autoantibodies (Aabs) toward intracellular enzymes are a hallmark for APS1 and serve as diagnostic markers and predictors for disease manifestations. In this study, we aimed to identify pituitary autoantigens in patients with APS1. A pituitary cDNA expression library was screened with APS1 sera and a tudor domain containing protein 6 (TDRD6) cDNA clone was isolated. Positive immunoreactivity against in vitro translated TDRD6 fragments was shown in 42/86 (49%) APS1 patients but not in patients with other autoimmune diseases or in healthy controls. By using immunohistochemistry, sera from 3/6 APS1 patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency showed immunostaining of a small number of guinea pig anterior pituitary cells, and 40-50% of these cells were GH-positive. No such immunostaining was seen with sera from healthy controls. The APS1 Aab-positive, GH-negative cells may represent a novel subpopulation of anterior pituitary cells. In addition, 4/6 patient sera showed staining of a fiber-plexus in the pituitary intermediate lobe recognizing enzymes of monoamine and GABA synthesis. Thus, we have identified TDRD6 as a major autoantigen in APS1 patients and shown that several sera from GH-deficient patients stain specific cell populations and nerves in the pituitary gland.

  • 13.
    Bensing, Sophie
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hulting, A-L
    Höög, A.
    Ericson, K.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Lymphocytic hypophysitis: report of two biopsy-proven cases and one suspected case with pituitary autoantibodies2007In: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, ISSN 0391-4097, E-ISSN 1720-8386, Vol. 30, no 2, p. 153-162Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LyH) is a rare inflammatory disease, considered to be autoimmune. LyH has mainly been reported in females and in relation to pregnancy or the post-partum period. We describe a 73-yr-old woman and a 63-yr-old male who were evaluated at our clinic because of pituitary hormone deficits. Both patients had pituitary masses suggestive of a pituitary adenoma on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Transsphenoidal pituitary surgery was performed and histopathological examinations revealed LyH in both cases. Clinical, laboratory, radiological and the histopathological findings in these two patients are discussed in detail. In addition, we report on a 79-yr-old man with partial hypopituitarism and empty sella. Screening of a human pituitary cDNA library with his serum revealed autoantibodies against secretogranin II. This is a protein commonly present in human gonadotrophs, thyreotrophs and corticotrophs. Since the patient selectively showed the corresponding pituitary insufficiencies, we speculate on an autoimmune background. Further studies may ascertain the importance of secretogranin II autoantibodies as markers for LyH.

  • 14.
    Bensing, Sophie
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Crock, P.
    Sanjeevi, C.
    Ericson, K.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Brismar, K.
    Hulting, A-L.
    No evidence for autoimmunity as a major cause of the empty sella syndrome2004In: Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes, ISSN 0947-7349, E-ISSN 1439-3646, Vol. 112, no 5, p. 231-235Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: The cause of empty sella syndrome (ESS) remains largely unknown. We measured eleven organ-specific autoantibodies in serum in order to evaluate possible autoimmune components in ESS. PATIENTS: Thirty patients with ESS and 50 healthy blood donors participated in the study. MEASUREMENTS: Detection of pituitary autoantibodies was performed by immunoblotting with human pituitary cytosol as antigen. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and TSH receptor (TRAK) autoantibodies were analysed by radioimmunoassay. The remaining eight autoantibodies were detected by in vitro transcription and translation of the autoantigens and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS: The majority of the ESS patients (18/30) exhibited no immunoreactivity at all. None of the remaining 12 ESS patients reacted against more than one autoantigen. No immunoreactivity was found more frequently among ESS patients than healthy blood donors. Pituitary autoantibodies were not correlated to the ESS patients' pituitary function or sellar size, although the results indicated a tendency of increased autoimmunity in patients with hypopituitarism and normal sella size respectively. CONCLUSION: Detection of autoantibodies is a valuable tool in the diagnostic work-up of autoimmune diseases. By analysing a large number of organ-specific autoantibodies we found no evidence of ESS being associated with any specific autoimmune disease. The pathogenesis of ESS is believed to be heterogeneous and our findings suggest autoimmune components to be of minor importance. In some selective cases, ESS in combination with hypopituitarism may be the result of an autoimmune disease in the pituitary gland but this needs further investigation.

  • 15. Bjornsdottir, Sigridur
    et al.
    Oksnes, Marianne
    Isaksson, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Methlie, Paal
    Nilsen, Roy M.
    Hustad, Steinar
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Hulting, Anna-Lena
    Husebye, Eystein S.
    Lovas, Kristian
    Nystrom, Thomas
    Bensing, Sophie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Circadian hormone profiles and insulin sensitivity in patients with Addison's disease: a comparison of continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion with conventional glucocorticoid replacement therapy2015In: Clinical Endocrinology, ISSN 0300-0664, E-ISSN 1365-2265, Vol. 83, no 1, p. 28-35Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    ContextConventional glucocorticoid replacement therapy in patients with Addison's disease (AD) is unphysiological with possible adverse effects on mortality, morbidity and quality of life. The diurnal cortisol profile can likely be restored by continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion (CSHI). ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare circadian hormone rhythms and insulin sensitivity in conventional thrice-daily regimen of glucocorticoid replacement therapy with CSHI treatment in patients with AD. Design and settingAn open, randomized, two-period, 12-week crossover multicentre trial in Norway and Sweden. PatientsTen Norwegian patients were admitted for 24-h sampling of hormone profiles. Fifteen Swedish patients underwent euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp. InterventionThrice-daily regimen of oral hydrocortisone (OHC) and CSHI treatment. Main outcome measureWe measured the circadian rhythm of cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1, (IGF-1), IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), glucose, insulin and triglycerides during OHC and CSHI treatment. Euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp was used to assess insulin sensitivity. ResultsContinuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion provided a more physiological circadian cortisol curve including a late-night cortisol surge. ACTH levels showed a near normal circadian variation for CSHI. CSHI prevented a continuous decrease in glucose during the night. No difference in insulin sensitivity was observed between the two treatment arms. ConclusionContinuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion replacement re-established a circadian cortisol rhythm and normalized the ACTH levels. Patients with CSHI replacement had a more stable night-time glucose level compared with OHC without compromising insulin sensitivity. Thus, restoring night-time cortisol levels might be advantageous for patients with AD.

  • 16. Bjornsdottir, Sigridur
    et al.
    Sundstrom, Anders
    Ludvigsson, Jonas F.
    Blomqvist, Paul
    Kampe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Bensing, Sophie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Drug Prescription Patterns in Patients With Addison's Disease: A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study2013In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 98, no 5, p. 2009-2018Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Context: There are no published data on drug prescription in patients with Addison's disease ( AD). Objective: Our objective was to describe the drug prescription patterns in Swedish AD patients before and after diagnosis compared with population controls. Design and Setting: We conducted a population-based cohort study in Sweden. Patients: Through the Swedish National Patient Register and the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register, we identified 1305 patients with both a diagnosis of AD and on combination treatment with hydrocortisone/cortisone acetate and fludrocortisone. Direct evidence of the AD diagnosis from patient charts was not available. We identified 11 996 matched controls by the Register of Population. Main Outcome Measure: We determined the ratio of observed to expected number of patients treated with prescribed drugs. Results: Overall, Swedish AD patients received more prescribed drugs than controls, and 59.3% of the AD patients had medications indicating concomitant autoimmune disease. Interestingly, both before and after the diagnosis of AD, patients used more gastrointestinal medications, antianemic preparations, lipid-modifying agents, antibiotics for systemic use, hypnotics and sedatives, and drugs for obstructive airway disease (all P values < .05). Notably, an increased prescription of several antihypertensive drugs and high-ceiling diuretics was observed after the diagnosis of AD. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal symptoms and anemia, especially in conjunction with autoimmune disorders, should alert the physician about the possibility of AD. The higher use of drugs for cardiovascular disorders after diagnosis in patients with AD raises concerns about the replacement therapy.

  • 17. Björnsdottir, Sigridur
    et al.
    Cnattingius, Sven
    Brandt, Lena
    Nordenström, Anna
    Ekbom, Anders
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Bensing, Sophie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Addison's Disease in Women Is a Risk Factor for an Adverse Pregnancy Outcome2010In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 95, no 12, p. 5249-5257Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Context: Autoimmune Addison's disease(AAD) tends to affect young and middle-aged women. It is not known whether the existence of undiagnosed or diagnosed AAD influences the outcome of pregnancy. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the number of children and pregnancy outcomes in individuals with AAD and controls. Design and Setting: We conducted a population-based historical cohort study in Sweden. Patients: Through the Swedish National Patient Register and the Total Population Register, we identified 1,188 women with AAD and 11,879 age-matched controls who delivered infants between 1973 and 2006. Main Outcome Measures: We measured parity and pregnancy outcome. Results: Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for infants born to mothers with deliveries 3 yr or less before the diagnosis of AAD were 2.40 [95% confidence interval (Cl), 1.27-4.53] for preterm birth (<= 37 wk), 3.50 (95% Cl, 1.83-6.67) for low birth weight (<2500 g), and 1.74 (95% Cl, 1.02-2.96) for cesarean section. Compared to controls, women who gave birth after their AAD diagnosis were at increased risk of both cesarean delivery (adjusted OR, 2.35; 95% Cl, 1.68-3.27) and preterm delivery (adjusted OR, 2.61; 95% Cl, 1.69-4.05). Stratifying by isolated AAD and concomitant type 1 diabetes and/or autoimmune thyroid disease in the mother did not essentially influence these risks. There were no differences in risks of congenital malformations or infant death. Women with AAD had a reduced overall parity compared to controls (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Clinically undiagnosed and diagnosed AAD both entail increased risks of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. AAD also influences the number of childbirths.

  • 18. Björnsdottir, Sigridur
    et al.
    Sääf, Maria
    Bensing, Sophie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Michaelsson, Karl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Ludvigsson, Jonas F
    Risk of Hip Fracture in Addison's Disease: A Population-based Cohort Study2011In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 270, no 2, p. 187-195Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives:  The results of studies of bone mineral density (BMD) in Addison's disease (AD) are inconsistent. There are no published data on hip fracture risk in patients with AD. In this study we compare hip fracture risk in adults with and without AD. Design:  A population-based cohort study. Methods:  Through the Swedish National Patient Register and the Total Population Register, we identified 3,219 patients without prior hip fracture who were diagnosed with AD at the age of ≥30 years during the period 1964-2006, and 31,557 age- and sex-matched controls. Time to hip fracture was measured. Results:  We observed 221 hip fractures (6.9%) in patients with AD and 846 (2.7%) in the controls. Patients with AD had a higher risk of hip fracture (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.6-2.1; p < 0.001). This risk increase was independent of sex and age at or calendar period of diagnosis. Risk estimates did not change with adjustment for type 1 diabetes, autoimmune thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis or coeliac disease. Women diagnosed with AD ≤50 years old had the highest risk of hip fracture (HR = 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.5). We found a positive association between hip fracture and undiagnosed AD (odds ratio (OR) = 2.4; 95% CI, 2.1- 3.0) with the highest risk estimates in the last year before AD diagnosis (OR = 2.8; 95% CI, 1.8-4.2). Conclusion:  Both clinically undiagnosed and diagnosed AD were associated with hip fractures, with the highest relative risk seen in women diagnosed with AD ≤50 years of age.

  • 19.
    Blokzijl, Andries
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Chen, Lei
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Molecular tools. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Gustafsdottir, Sigrun M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Vuu, Jimmy
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Ullenhag, Gustav
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Landegren, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Molecular tools. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Kamali-Moghaddam, Masood
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Molecular tools.
    Hedstrand, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology.
    Elevated Levels of SOX10 in Serum from Vitiligo and Melanoma Patients, Analyzed by Proximity Ligation Assay2016In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 11, no 4, article id e0154214Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The diagnosis of malignant melanoma currently relies on clinical inspection of the skin surface and on the histopathological status of the excised tumor. The serum marker S100B is used for prognostic estimates at later stages of the disease, but analyses are marred by false positives and inadequate sensitivity in predicting relapsing disorder.

    Objectives

    To investigate SOX10 as a potential biomarker for melanoma and vitiligo.

    Methods

    In this study we have applied proximity ligation assay (PLA) to detect the transcription factor SOX10 as a possible serum marker for melanoma. We studied a cohort of 110 melanoma patients. We further investigated a second cohort of 85 patients with vitiligo, which is a disease that also affects melanocytes.

    Results

    The specificity of the SOX10 assay in serum was high, with only 1% of healthy blood donors being positive. In contrast, elevated serum SOX10 was found with high frequency among vitiligo and melanoma patients. In patients with metastases, lack of SOX10 detection was associated with treatment benefit. In two responding patients, a change from SOX10 positivity to undetectable levels was seen before the response was evident clinically.

    Conclusions

    We show for the first time that SOX10 represents a promising new serum melanoma marker for detection of early stage disease, complementing the established S100B marker. Our findings imply that SOX10 can be used to monitor responses to treatment and to assess if the treatment is of benefit at stages earlier than what is possible radiologically.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 20.
    Boe, Anette S.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Bredholt, Geir
    Knappskog, Per M.
    Hjelmervik, Trond Ove
    Mellgren, Gunnar
    Winqvist, Ola
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Husebye, Eystein S.
    Autoantibodies against 21-hydroxylase and side-chain cleavage enzyme in autoimmune Addison's disease are mainly immunoglobulin G12004In: European Journal of Endocrinology, ISSN 0804-4643, E-ISSN 1479-683X, Vol. 150, no 1, p. 49-56Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to the steroidogenic enzymes 21-hydroxylase (21OH) and side-chain cleavage enzyme (SCC) are important diagnostic markers for autoimmune Addison's disease and autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS) types I and II. The characterization of autoantibody (IgG) subclasses may reveal information on how tIssue destruction takes place; therefore, IgG subtypes of anti-21OH and anti-SCC antibodies from sera of patients with Addison's disease, APS I and APS II were determined using recombinant 21OH and SCC. METHODS: SCC(51-521) and his-SCC(51-521) were expressed by pET-scc in the Escherichia coli strain BL21 Star (DE3) and inclusion bodies were purified. Full-length, human 21OH fused to an N-terminal 6x histidine affinity tag was expressed in insect cells by using the baculovirus expression system bac-to-bac. Western blots were used to investigate the IgG subtype(s) of the autoantibodies against 21OH and SCC in patients and healthy blood donors. RESULTS: All anti-SCC positive sera (n=10) contained autoantibodies of the IgG1 subclass, while four out of ten also contained IgG3. All anti-21OH positive sera (n=16) had autoantibodies exclusively against IgG1. Sera from 20 healthy subjects did not show any reactivity against 21OH or SCC. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of a predominating IgG1 response against 21OH and SCC may suggest that T helper (Th) cells of the Th1 subclass are involved in destruction of the adrenal cortex in patients with autoimmune Addison's disease.

  • 21. Bratland, Eirik
    et al.
    Magitta, Ng'weina Francis
    Wolff, Anette Susanne Boe
    Ekern, Trude
    Knappskog, Per Morten
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Haavik, Jan
    Husebye, Eystein Sverre
    Autoantibodies against aromatic amino acid hydroxylases in patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 target multiple antigenic determinants and reveal regulatory regions crucial for enzymatic activity2013In: Immunobiology, ISSN 0171-2985, E-ISSN 1878-3279, Vol. 218, no 6, p. 899-909Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) frequently have autoantibodies directed against the aromatic amino acid hydroxylases tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). We aimed to characterize these autoantibodies with regard to their antigenic determinants, their influence on enzymatic activity and their clinical associations. In particular, we wanted to compare autoantibodies against the two different isoforms of TPH, which display different tissue distribution. Using sera from 48 Scandinavian APS-1 patients we identified 36 patients (75%) with antibodies against one or more of these three enzymes. Antibodies against TPH1, but not TPH2, were associated with malabsorption in the whole Scandinavian cohort, while TH antibodies were associated with dental enamel hypoplasia in Norwegian patients. Subsequent experiments with selected patient sera indicated that while the C-terminal domain was the immunodominant part of TPH1, the epitopes of TPH2 and TH were mainly located in the N-terminal regulatory domains. We also identified a TPH1 specific epitope involved in antibody mediated inhibition of enzyme activity, a finding that provides new insight into the enzymatic mechanisms of the aromatic amino acid hydroxylases and knowledge about structural determinants of enzyme autoantigens. In conclusion, TPH1,TPH2 and TH all have unique antigenic properties in spite of their structural similarity. 

  • 22. Bratland, Eirik
    et al.
    Wolff, Anette S. Boe
    Haavik, Jan
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Sköldberg, Filip
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Perheentupa, Jaakko
    Bredholt, Geir
    Knappskog, Per M.
    Husebye, Eystein S.
    Epitope mapping of human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase2007In: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC, ISSN 0006-291X, E-ISSN 1090-2104, Vol. 353, no 3, p. 692-698Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I) is a rare hereditary condition considered a model disease for organ specific autoimmunity. A wide range of autoantibodies targeting antigens present in the affected organs have been identified. Autoantibodies against aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) are present in about 50% of APS I patients. In order to increase our understanding of autoantibody specificity in APS I, the aim of the present study was to localize target regions on AADC recognized by sera from APS I patients. Using several complementing strategies, we have shown that autoantibodies against AADC mainly recognize conformational epitopes. The major antigenic determinants were detected N-terminally to amino acid residue 237. Replacement of amino acids 227–230 (ERDK) with alanine residues reduced the reactivity towards AADC by >80% in all patient sera tested, suggesting that amino acids 227–230 are an important part of an immunodominant epitope.

  • 23.
    Bremer, Hanna D.
    et al.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Clin Sci, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Landegren, Nils
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sjöberg, Ronald
    KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Biotechnol, Affin Prote, SciLifeLab, SE-17121 Solna, Sweden..
    Hallgren, Åsa
    Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Med Solna, CMM, L8 01, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Renneker, Stefanie
    Euroimmun AG, D-23560 Lubeck, Germany..
    Lattwein, Erik
    Euroimmun AG, D-23560 Lubeck, Germany..
    Leonard, Dag
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Eloranta, Maija-Leena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Rönnblom, Lars
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology.
    Nordmark, Gunnel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Nilsson, Peter
    KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Biotechnol, Affin Prote, SciLifeLab, SE-17121 Solna, Sweden..
    Andersson, Goran
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Anim Breeding & Genet, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Lilliehöök, Inger
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Clin Sci, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Broad Inst Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, USA..
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Med Solna, CMM, L8 01, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.; Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.;Univ Bergen, KG Jebsen Ctr Autoimmune Disorders, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.;Haukeland Hosp, Dept Med, N-5021 Bergen, Norway..
    Hansson-Hamlin, Helene
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Clin Sci, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden..
    ILF2 and ILF3 are autoantigens in canine systemic autoimmune disease2018In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 8, article id 4852Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Dogs can spontaneously develop complex systemic autoimmune disorders, with similarities to human autoimmune disease. Autoantibodies directed at self-antigens are a key feature of these autoimmune diseases. Here we report the identification of interleukin enhancer-binding factors 2 and 3 (ILF2 and ILF3) as autoantigens in canine immune-mediated rheumatic disease. The ILF2 autoantibodies were discovered in a small, selected canine cohort through the use of human protein arrays; a method not previously described in dogs. Subsequently, ILF3 autoantibodies were also identified in the same cohort. The results were validated with an independent method in a larger cohort of dogs. ILF2 and ILF3 autoantibodies were found exclusively, and at a high frequency, in dogs that showed a speckled pattern of antinuclear antibodies on immunofluorescence. ILF2 and ILF3 autoantibodies were also found at low frequency in human patients with SLE and Sjogren's syndrome. These autoantibodies have the potential to be used as diagnostic biomarkers for canine, and possibly also human, autoimmune disease.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 24.
    Brozzetti, Annalisa
    et al.
    Univ Perugia, Dept Internal Med, I-06126 Perugia, Italy..
    Alimohammadi, Mohammad
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Morelli, Silvia
    Univ Perugia, Dept Internal Med, I-06126 Perugia, Italy..
    Minarelli, Viviana
    Univ Perugia, Dept Internal Med, I-06126 Perugia, Italy..
    Hallgren, Asa
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Giordano, Roberta
    Univ Turin, Dept Med Sci, Div Endocrinol Diabetol & Metab, I-10126 Turin, Italy..
    De Bellis, Annamaria
    Univ Naples 2, Endocrinol Unit, Dept Cardiothorac & Resp Sci, I-80132 Naples, Italy..
    Perniola, Roberto
    V Fazzi Reg Hosp, Dept Pediat Neonatal Intens Care, I-73100 Lecce, Italy..
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Falorni, Alberto
    Univ Perugia, Dept Internal Med, I-06126 Perugia, Italy.
    Autoantibody Response Against NALP5/MATER in Primary Ovarian Insufficiency and in Autoimmune Addison's Disease2015In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 100, no 5, p. 1941-1948Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Context: NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 (NALP5)/maternal antigen that embryo requires (MATER) is an autoantigen in hypoparathyroidism associated with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) but is also expressed in the ovary. Mater is an autoantigen in experimental autoimmune oophoritis. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the frequency of NALP5/MATER autoantibodies (NALP5/MATER-Ab) in women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and in patients with autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) and to evaluate whether inhibin chains are a target for autoantibodies in POI. Methods: Autoantibodies against NALP5/MATER and inhibin chains-alpha and -beta A were determined by radiobinding assays in 172 patients with AAD without clinical signs of gonadal insufficiency, 41 women with both AAD and autoimmune POI [steroidogenic cell autoimmune POI (SCA-POI)], 119 women with idiopathic POI, 19 patients with APS1, and 211 healthy control subjects. Results: NALP5/MATER-Ab were detected in 11 of 19 (58%) sera from APS1 patients, 12 of 172 (7%) AAD sera, 5 of 41 (12%) SCA-POI sera, 0 of 119 idiopathic POI sera and 1 of 211 healthy control sera (P < .001). None of 160 POI sera, including 41 sera from women with SCA-POI and 119 women with idiopathic POI, and none of 211 healthy control sera were positive for inhibin chain-alpha/beta A autoantibodies. Conclusions: NALP5/MATER-Ab are associated with hypoparathyroidism in APS1 but are present also in patients with AAD and in women with SCA-POI without hypoparathyroidism. Inhibin chains do not appear to be likely candidate targets of autoantibodies in human POI.

  • 25. Cervato, Sara
    et al.
    Morlin, Luca
    Albergoni, Maria Paola
    Masiero, Stefano
    Greggio, Nella
    Meossi, Cristiano
    Chen, Shu
    Larosa, Maria del Pilar
    Furmaniak, Jadwiga
    Smith, Bernard Rees
    Alimohammadi, Mohammad
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Valenzise, Mariella
    Betterle, Corrado
    AIRE gene mutations and autoantibodies to interferon omega in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism without APECED2010In: Clinical Endocrinology, ISSN 0300-0664, E-ISSN 1365-2265, Vol. 73, no 5, p. 630-636Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective To assess autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene mutations, class II HLA haplotypes, and organ- or non-organ-specific autoantibodies in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism (CH) without associated Addison's disease (AD) or chronic candidiasis (CC). Patients and Measurements Twenty-four patients who had CH without AD or CC were included in the study. AIRE gene mutations in all 14 exons were studied using PCR in 24 patients, 105 healthy controls and 15 first-degree relatives of CH patients with AIRE mutations. Human leucocyte antigens (HLA) were determined for all 24 patients and 105 healthy controls. Autoantibodies to a range of antigens including NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein-5 (NALP5) and interferon omega (IFN omega) were tested in all 24 patients. Results AIRE gene mutations were found in 6 of 24 (25%) patients, all females, and this was significantly higher (P < 0.001) compared with AIRE mutations found in healthy controls (2/105). Three patients (12.5%) had homozygous AIRE mutations characteristic of Autoimmune-Poly-Endocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal-Dystrophy and all three were also positive for IFN omega-autoantibodies. Three patients (12.5%) had heterozygous AIRE mutations; two of these were novel mutations. One of the patients with heterozygous AIRE mutations was positive for both NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 and IFN omega autoantibodies. Heterozygous AIRE mutations were found in 10 of 15 first-degree relatives of CH patients with AIRE mutations, although none was affected by CH. Class II HLA haplotypes were not statistically different in patients with CH compared to healthy controls. Conclusions Analysis of AIRE gene mutations together with serum autoantibody profile should be helpful in the assessment of patients with CH, in particular young women with associated autoimmune diseases.

  • 26.
    Dalin, Frida
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology. Karolinska Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Adamus, Grazyna
    Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Casey Eye Inst, Ocular Immunol Lab, Portland, OR 97201 USA..
    Yang, Sufang
    Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Casey Eye Inst, Ocular Immunol Lab, Portland, OR 97201 USA..
    Landgren, Eva
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Palle, Josefine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Hallgren, Åsa
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Frost, Britt-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Hugosson, Therese
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Ophthalmol, Lund, Sweden..
    Landegren, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Karolinska Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Eriksson, Daniel
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Andreasson, Sten
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Ophthalmol, Lund, Sweden..
    Tabbara, Khalid F.
    Ctr Eye, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia..
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Karolinska Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Alimohammadi, Mohammad
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology. Karolinska Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Interacting Protein-Like 1 in Cancer-Associated Retinopathy2016In: Ophthalmology, ISSN 0161-6420, E-ISSN 1549-4713, Vol. 123, no 6, p. 1401-1404Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 27.
    Dalin, Frida
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology.
    Adamus, Grazyna
    Yang, Sufang
    Landgren, Eva
    Palle, Josefine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Hallgren, Åsa
    Frost, Britt-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Hugosson, Therése
    Landegren, Nils
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Eriksson, Daniel
    Andreasson, Sten
    Tabbara, Khalid F.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Alimohammadi, Mohammad
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology.
    Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Interacting Protein-Like 1 in Cancer-Associated Retinopathy2016In: Ophthalmology, ISSN 0161-6420, E-ISSN 1549-4713, Vol. 123, no 6, p. 1401-1404Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract
  • 28. Dawoodji, Amina
    et al.
    Chen, Ji-Li
    Shepherd, Dawn
    Dalin, Frida
    Centre of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Tarlton, Andrea
    Alimohammadi, Mohammad
    Penna-Martinez, Marissa
    Meyer, Gesine
    Mitchell, Anna L.
    Gan, Earn H.
    Bratland, Eirik
    Bensing, Sophie
    Husebye, Eystein S.
    Pearce, Simon H.
    Badenhoop, Klaus
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Cerundolo, Vincenzo
    High Frequency of Cytolytic 21-Hydroxylase-Specific CD8(+) T Cells in Autoimmune Addison's Disease Patients2014In: Journal of Immunology, ISSN 0022-1767, E-ISSN 1550-6606, Vol. 193, no 5, p. 2118-2126Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The mechanisms behind destruction of the adrenal glands in autoimmune Addison's disease remain unclear. Autoantibodies against steroid 21-hydroxylase, an intracellular key enzyme of the adrenal cortex, are found in >90% of patients, but these autoantibodies are not thought to mediate the disease. In this article, we demonstrate highly frequent 21-hydroxylase-specific T cells detectable in 20 patients with Addison's disease. Using overlapping 18-aa peptides spanning the full length of 21-hydroxylase, we identified immunodominant CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell responses in a large proportion of Addison's patients both ex vivo and after in vitro culture of PBLs <= 20 y after diagnosis. In a large proportion of patients, CD8(+) and CD4(+) 21-hydroxylase-specific T cells were very abundant and detectable in ex vivo assays. HLA class I tetramer guided isolation of 21-hydroxylase-specific CD8(+) T cells showed their ability to lyse 21-hydroxylase-positive target cells, consistent with a potential mechanism for disease pathogenesis. These data indicate that strong CTL responses to 21-hydroxylase often occur in vivo, and that reactive CTLs have substantial proliferative and cytolytic potential. These results have implications for earlier diagnosis of adrenal failure and ultimately a potential target for therapeutic intervention and induction of immunity against adrenal cortex cancer.

  • 29. Ek, Weronica
    et al.
    Sahlqvist, Anna-Stina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Crooks, Lucy
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology.
    Sgonc, Roswitha
    Dietrich, Hermann
    Wick, Georg
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Andersson, Leif
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Carlborg, Örjan
    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Kerje, Susanne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Mapping QTL affecting a systemic sclerosis-like disorder in a cross between UCD-200 and red jungle fowl chickens2012In: Developmental and Comparative Immunology, ISSN 0145-305X, E-ISSN 1879-0089, Vol. 38, no 2, p. 352-359Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Systemic sclerosis (SSc) or scleroderma is a rare, autoimmune, multi-factorial disease characterized by early microvascular alterations, inflammation, and fibrosis. Chickens from the UCD-200 line develop a hereditary SSc-like disease, showing all the hallmarks of the human disorder, which makes this line a promising model to study genetic factors underlying the disease. A backcross was generated between UCD-200 chickens and its wild ancestor - the red jungle fowl and a genome-scan was performed to identify loci affecting early (21days of age) and late (175days of age) ischemic lesions of the comb. A significant difference in frequency of disease was observed between sexes in the BC population, where the homogametic males were more affected than females, and there was evidence for a protective W chromosome effect. Three suggestive disease predisposing loci were mapped to chromosomes 2, 12 and 14. Three orthologues of genes implicated in human SSc are located in the QTL region on chromosome 2, TGFRB1, EXOC2-IRF4 and COL1A2, as well as CCR8, which is more generally related to immune function. IGFBP3 is also located within the QTL on chromosome 2 and earlier studies have showed increased IGFBP3 serum levels in SSc patients. To our knowledge, this study is the first to reveal a potential genetic association between IGFBP3 and SSc. Another gene with an immunological function, SOCS1, is located in the QTL region on chromosome 14. These results illustrate the usefulness of the UCD-200 chicken as a model of human SSc and motivate further in-depth functional studies of the implicated candidate genes.

  • 30. Elfström, Peter
    et al.
    Montgomery, Scott M.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ekbom, Anders
    Ludvigsson, Jonas F.
    Risk of primary adrenal insufficiency in patients with celiac disease2007In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 92, no 9, p. 3595-3598Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: Earlier research has suggested a positive association between Addison's disease (AD) and celiac disease (CD). We have here investigated the risk of AD in individuals with CD from a general population cohort. Methods: Through the Swedish national registers we identified 14,366 individuals with a diagnosis of CD (1964-2003) and 70,095 reference individuals matched for age, sex, calendar year, and county of residence. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for subsequent AD. Analyses were restricted to individuals with more than 1 yr of follow-up and without AD prior to study entry or within 1 yr after study entry. Conditional logistic regression estimated the odds ratio for CD in individuals with prior AD. Results: There was a statistically significantly positive association between CD and subsequent AD [HR = 11.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.4 -29.6]. This risk increase was seen in both children and adults and did not change with adjustment for diabetes mellitus or socioeconomic status. When we restricted reference individuals to inpatients, the adjusted HR for AD was 4.6 (95% CI = 1.9 -11.4). Individuals with prior AD were at increased risk of CD (odds ratio = 8.6; 95% CI = 3.4 -21.8). Conclusions: This study found a highly increased risk of AD in individuals with CD. This relationship was independent of temporal sequence. We therefore recommend that individuals with AD should be screened for CD. We also suggest an increased awareness of AD in individuals with CD.

  • 31. Elfström, Peter
    et al.
    Montgomery, Scott M.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ekbom, Anders
    Ludvigsson, Jonas F.
    Risk of thyroid disease in individuals with celiac disease2008In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 93, no 10, p. 3915-3921Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: It has been suggested that celiac disease is associated with thyroid disease. Earlier studies, however, have been predominately cross-sectional and have often lacked controls. There is hence a need for further research. In this study, we estimated the risk of thyroid disease in individuals with celiac disease from a general population cohort. Methods: A total of 14,021 individuals with celiac disease (1964-2003) and a matched reference population of 68,068 individuals were identified through the Swedish national registers. Cox regression estimated the risk of thyroid disease in subjects with celiac disease. Analyses were restricted to individuals with a follow-up of more than 1 yr and with no thyroid disease before study entry or within 1 yr after study entry. Conditional logistic regression estimated the odds ratio for subsequent celiac disease in individuals with thyroid disease. Results: Celiac disease was positively associated with hypothyroidism [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.4-5.6; P < 0.001], thyroiditis (HR = 3.6; 95% CI = 1.9-6.7; P < 0.001) and hyperthyroidism (HR = 2.9; 95% CI = 2.0-4.2; P < 0.001). The highest risk estimates were found in children (hypothyroidism, HR = 6.0 and 95% CI = 3.4-10.6; thyroiditis, HR = 4.7 and 95% CI = 2.1-10.5; hyperthyroidism, HR = 4.8 and 95% CI = 2.5-9.4). In post hoc analyses, where the reference population was restricted to inpatients, the adjusted HR was 3.4 for hypothyroidism (95% CI = 2.7-4.4; P < 0.001), 3.3 for thyroiditis(95% CI = 1.5-7.7; P < 0.001), and 3.1 for hyperthyroidism (95% CI = 2.0-4.8; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Celiac disease is associated with thyroid disease, and these associations were seen regardless of temporal sequence. This indicates shared etiology and that these individuals are more susceptible to autoimmune disease.

  • 32.
    Eriksson, D.
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden.;Metab & Diabet Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Bianchi, Matteo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Landegren, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Nordin, Jessika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Dalin, Frida
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Mathioudaki, Argyri
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Eriksson, G. N.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hultin-Rosenberg, Lina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Dahlqvist, Johanna
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Zetterqvist, H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Karlsson, Andreas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Hallgren, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Farias, F. H. G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Murén, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Ahlgren, Kerstin M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Lobell, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Andersson, G.
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Anim Breeding & Genet, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Tandre, Karolina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Dahlqvist, S. R.
    Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Umea, Sweden..
    Soderkvist, P.
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden..
    Rönnblom, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Hulting, A. -L
    Wahlberg, J.
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Endocrinol, Dept Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden..
    Ekwall, O.
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Pediat, Inst Clin Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Dept Rheumatol & Inflammat Res, Inst Med, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Dahlqvist, P.
    Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Umea, Sweden..
    Meadows, Jennifer R. S.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Bensing, S.
    Metab & Diabet Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA..
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden.;Metab & Diabet Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Pielberg, Gerli R.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Genomics.
    Extended exome sequencing identifies BACH2 as a novel major risk locus for Addison's disease2016In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 286, no 6, p. 595-608Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundAutoimmune disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Addison's disease, the adrenal glands are targeted by destructive autoimmunity. Despite being the most common cause of primary adrenal failure, little is known about its aetiology. MethodsTo understand the genetic background of Addison's disease, we utilized the extensively characterized patients of the Swedish Addison Registry. We developed an extended exome capture array comprising a selected set of 1853 genes and their potential regulatory elements, for the purpose of sequencing 479 patients with Addison's disease and 1394 controls. ResultsWe identified BACH2 (rs62408233-A, OR = 2.01 (1.71-2.37), P = 1.66 x 10(-15), MAF 0.46/0.29 in cases/controls) as a novel gene associated with Addison's disease development. We also confirmed the previously known associations with the HLA complex. ConclusionWhilst BACH2 has been previously reported to associate with organ-specific autoimmune diseases co-inherited with Addison's disease, we have identified BACH2 as a major risk locus in Addison's disease, independent of concomitant autoimmune diseases. Our results may enable future research towards preventive disease treatment.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 33.
    Eriksson, Daniel
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol Metab & Diabet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dalin, Frida
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Eriksson, Gabriel Nordling
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Landegren, Nils
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Bianchi, Matteo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Hallgren, Åsa
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dahlqvist, Per
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Umeå, Sweden.
    Wahlberg, Jeanette
    Linköping Univ, Dept Endocrinol, Linköping, Sweden; Linköping Univ, Dept Med & Hlth Sci, Linköping, Sweden; Linköping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linköping, Sweden.
    Ekwall, Olov
    Univ Gothenburg, Dept Pediat, Inst Clin Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden; Univ Gothenburg, Dept Rheumatol & Inflammat Res, Inst Med, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Winqvist, Ola
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Catrina, Sergiu-Bogdan
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Rönnelid, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology.
    Hulting, Anna-Lena
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Alimohammad, Mohammad
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology.
    Husebye, Eystein S
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden; Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway; Univ Bergen, Dept Med, Bergen, Norway; KG Jebsen Ctr Autoimmune Disorders, Bergen, Norway.
    Knappskog, Per Morten
    Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland Hosp, Ctr Med Genet & Mol Med, Bergen, Norway.
    Pielberg, Gerli Rosengren
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Bensing, Sophie
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol Metab & Diabet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden .
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol Metab & Diabet, Stockholm, Sweden; KG Jebsen Ctr Autoimmune Disorders, Bergen, Norway.
    Cytokine Autoantibody Screening in the Swedish Addison Registry Identifies Patients With Undiagnosed APS12018In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 103, no 1, p. 179-186Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Context: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) is a monogenic disorder that features autoimmune Addison disease as a major component. Although APS1 accounts for only a small fraction of all patients with Addison disease, early identification of these individuals is vital to prevent the potentially lethal complications of APS1.

    Objective: To determine whether available serological and genetic markers are valuable screening tools for the identification of APS1 among patients diagnosed with Addison disease.

    Design: We systematically screened 677 patients with Addison disease enrolled in the Swedish Addison Registry for autoantibodies against interleukin-22 and interferon-α4. Autoantibody-positive patients were investigated for clinical manifestations of APS1, additional APS1-specific autoantibodies, and DNA sequence and copy number variations of AIRE.

    Results: In total, 17 patients (2.5%) displayed autoantibodies against interleukin-22 and/or interferon-α4, of which nine were known APS1 cases. Four patients previously undiagnosed with APS1 fulfilled clinical, genetic, and serological criteria. Hence, we identified four patients with undiagnosed APS1 with this screening procedure.

    Conclusion: We propose that patients with Addison disease should be routinely screened for cytokine autoantibodies. Clinical or serological support for APS1 should warrant DNA sequencing and copy number analysis of AIRE to enable early diagnosis and prevention of lethal complications.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 34.
    Fall, Tove
    et al.
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE‐750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Hamlin, Helene Hansson
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE‐750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Hedhammar, Åke
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE‐750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Egenvall, Agneta
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE‐750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Diabetes mellitus in a population of 180,000 insured dogs: incidence, survival, and breed distribution2007In: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, ISSN 0891-6640, E-ISSN 1939-1676, Vol. 21, no 6, p. 1209-1216Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Canine diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrinopathy with an unclear etiology. For a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms, there is a need for comprehensive epidermiologic studies. Earlier studies have shown that the risk of disease is higher in certain dog breeds. Hypothesis: Incidence, age of onset, survival and sex proportion of DM vary by breed. Animals: Data from a cohort of 182,087 insured dogs aged 5-12 years accounting for 652,898 dog-years at risk were studied retrospectively. Methods: Incidence rates by sex, breed, and geography were calculated with exact denominators. Age-specific incidence and survival after 1st DM claim were computed with Cox's regression and Kaplan-Meier survival function. Multivariable survival analysis was performed for the outcome diagnosis of DM with age, sex, and geography tested as fixed effects, previous endocrine or pancreatic diseases tested as time-dependent covariates, and breed tested as a random effect. Results: The mean age at 1st insurance claim for the 860 DM dogs (72% females) was 8.6 years. The incidence of DM was 13 cases per 10,000 dog-years at risk. Australian Terriers, Samoyeds, Swedish Elkhounds, and Swedish Lapphunds were found to have the highest incidence. The proportion of females with DM varied significantly among breeds. Swedish Elkhounds, Beagles, Norwegian Elkhounds, and Border Collies that developed DM were almost exclusively females. The multivariable model showed that breed, previous hyperadrenocorticism, and female sex were risk factors for developing DM. Median survival time was 57 days after 1st claim. Excluding the 223 dogs that died within I day, the median survival time was 2 years after 1st claim of DM. Conclusion: The significant breed-specific sex and age differences shown in this study indicate that genetic variation could make breeds more or less susceptible to different types of DM.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 35.
    Fall, Tove
    et al.
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden;Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hedhammar, A
    Wallberg, A
    Fall, N
    Ahlgren, Kerstin M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hamlin, H. H.
    Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Andersson, G.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Diabetes Mellitus in Elkhounds Is Associated with Diestrus and Pregnancy2010In: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, ISSN 0891-6640, E-ISSN 1939-1676, Vol. 24, no 6, p. 1322-1328Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Female Elkhounds are shown to be at increased risk for diabetes mellitus, and occurrence of diabetes during pregnancy has been described in several cases. Hypothesis: Onset of diabetes mellitus in Elkhounds is associated with diestrus. Animals: Sixty-three Elkhounds with diabetes mellitus and 26 healthy controls. Methods: Medical records from 63 Elkhounds with diabetes were reviewed and owners were contacted for follow-up information. Blood samples from the day of diagnosis were available for 26 dogs. Glucose, fructosamine, C-peptide, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1, progesterone, and glutamate decarboxylase isoform 65-autoantibodies were analyzed and compared with 26 healthy dogs. Logistic models were used to evaluate the association of clinical variables with the probability of diabetes and with permanent diabetes mellitus after ovariohysterectomy (OHE). Results: All dogs in the study were intact females and 7 dogs (11%) were pregnant at diagnosis. The 1st clinical signs of diabetes mellitus occurred at a median of 30 days (interquartile range [IQR], 3-45) after estrus, and diagnosis was made at a median of 46 days (IQR, 27-62) after estrus. Diabetes was associated with higher concentrations of GH and lower concentrations of progesterone compared with controls matched for time after estrus. Forty-six percent of dogs that underwent OHE recovered from diabetes with a lower probability of remission in dogs with higher glucose concentrations (odds ratio [OR], 1.2; P = .03) at diagnosis and longer time (weeks) from diagnosis to surgery (OR, 1.5; P = .05). Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus in Elkhounds develops mainly during diestrus and pregnancy. Immediate OHE improves the prognosis for remission of diabetes.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 36.
    Fall, Tove
    et al.
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE‐750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Holm, B.
    Karlsson, Å.
    Ahlgren, Kerstin M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    von Euler, H.
    Glucagon stimulation test for estimating endogenous insulin secretion in dogs2008In: The Veterinary Record, ISSN 0042-4900, E-ISSN 2042-7670, Vol. 163, no 9, p. 266-270Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Fifty-one dogs (27 diabetic dogs, four that had recovered from diabetes and 20 healthy control dogs) were given 0.5 or 1.0 mg glucagon intravenously. Blood samples were taken before the injection and 10 and 20 minutes after it. Samples were analysed to determine C-peptide, insulin and glucose concentrations, and one sample from each dog was analysed for fructosamine. The median (interquartile range) concentrations of C-peptide in the samples taken at 10 minutes were 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) nmol/l in the control dogs, 0.1 (0 to 0.2) nmol/l in the diabetic dogs, and 0.3 (0.2 to 0.4) nmol/l in the dogs that had recovered from diabetes. Seven of the 51 dogs showed mild adverse reactions after the injection of glucagon.

  • 37.
    Falorni, Alberto
    et al.
    Univ Perugia, Dept Med, I-06126 Perugia, Italy..
    Bini, Vittorio
    Univ Perugia, Dept Med, I-06126 Perugia, Italy..
    Betterle, Corrado
    Univ Padua, Dept Med, Endocrine Unit, Padua, Italy..
    Brozzetti, Annalisa
    Univ Perugia, Dept Med, I-06126 Perugia, Italy..
    Castano, Luis
    Univ Basque Country, Cruces Univ Hosp, Ciberdem, BioCruces, Bilbao, Spain..
    Fichna, Marta
    Poznan Univ Med Sci, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Poznan, Poland.;Polish Acad Sci, Inst Human Genet, PL-60479 Poznan, Poland..
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Mellgren, Gunnar
    Haukeland Hosp, Hormone Lab, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.;Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway..
    Peterson, Pärt
    Univ Tartu, Inst Biomed & Translat Med, Mol Pathol, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia..
    Chen, Shu
    RSR Ltd, FIRS Labs, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales..
    Rönnelid, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology.
    Seissler, Jochen
    Klinikum Univ Munchen, Med Klin & Poliklin 4, Diabet Zentrum, Munich, Germany..
    Tiberti, Claudio
    Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Expt Med, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Uibo, Raivo
    Univ Tartu, Inst Biomed & Translat Med, Dept Immunol, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia..
    Yu, Liping
    Univ Colorado Denver, Barbara Davis Ctr Diabet, Aurora, CO USA..
    Lernmark, Åke
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Malmo, Sweden..
    Husebye, Eystein
    Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway.;Haukeland Hosp, Dept Med, N-5021 Bergen, Norway..
    Determination of 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies: inter-laboratory concordance in the Euradrenal International Serum Exchange Program2015In: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, ISSN 1434-6621, E-ISSN 1437-4331, Vol. 53, no 11, p. 1761-1770Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: 21-Hydroxylase autoantibodies (21OHAb) are markers of an adrenal autoimmune process that identifies individuals with autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD). Quality and inter-laboratory agreement of various 21OHAb tests are incompletely known. The objective of the study was to determine inter-laboratory concordance for 21OHAb determinations. Methods: Sixty-nine sera from 51 patients with AAD and 51 sera from 51 healthy subjects were blindly coded by a randomization center and distributed to 14 laboratories that determined 21OHAb, either by an "in-house" assay (n=9) using in vitro-translated S-35-21OH or luciferase-labeled 21OH or a commercial kit with I-125-21OH (n=5). Main outcome measures were diagnostic accuracy of each participating laboratory and inter-laboratory agreement of 21OHAb assays. Results: Intra-assay coefficient of variation ranged from 2.6% to 5.3% for laboratories using the commercial kit and from 5.1% to 23% for laboratories using "in-house" assays. Diagnostic accuracy, expressed as area under ROC curve (AUC), varied from 0.625 to 0.947 with the commercial kit and from 0.562 to 0.978 with "in-house" methods. Cohen's. of inter-rater agreement was 0.603 among all 14 laboratories, 0.691 among "in-house" laboratories, and 0.502 among commercial kit users. Optimized cutoff levels, calculated on the basis of AUCs, increased the diagnostic accuracy of every laboratory (AUC >0.9 for 11/14 laboratories) and increased the Cohen's. of inter-rater agreement. Discrepancies in quantitation of 21OHAb levels among different laboratories increased with increasing autoantibody levels. Conclusions: The quality of 21OHAb analytical procedures is mainly influenced by selection of cutoff value and correct handling of assay materials. A standardization program is needed to identify common standard sera and common measuring units.

  • 38. Fetissov, Sergueï O.
    et al.
    Bensing, Sophie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Mulder, Jan
    Le Maitre, Erwan
    Hulting, Anna-Lena
    Harkany, Tibor
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Sköldberg, Filip
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Colorectal Surgery.
    Husebye, Eystein S.
    Perheentupa, Jaakko
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hökfelt, Tomas
    Autoantibodies in autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I patients react with major brain neurotransmitter systems2009In: Journal of Comparative Neurology, ISSN 0021-9967, E-ISSN 1096-9861, Vol. 513, no 1, p. 1-20Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Patients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I (APS1) often display high titers of autoantibodies (autoAbs) directed against aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Neurological symptoms, including stiff-man syndrome and cerebellar ataxia, can occur in subjects with high levels of GAD autoAbs, particularly when patient sera can immunohistochemically stain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons. However, it was not known if APS1 sera can also stain major monoamine systems in the brain. Therefore, in this work we applied sera from 17 APS1 patients known to contain autoAbs against AADC, TH, TPH, and/or GAD to rat brain sections and processed the sections according to the sensitive immunohistochemical tyramide signal amplification method. We found that autoAbs in sera from 11 patients were able to stain AADC-containing dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic as well as AADC only (D-group) neurons and fibers in the rat brain, in several cases with a remarkably high quality and sensitivity (dilution up to 1:1,000,000); and, since they are human antibodies, they offer a good opportunity for performing multiple-labeling experiments using antibodies from other species. Six APS1 sera also stained GABAergic neuronal circuitries. Similar results were obtained in the mouse and primate brain. Our data demonstrate that many APS1 sera can immunostain the major monoamine and GABA systems in the brain. Only in a few cases, however, there was evidence that these autoAbs can be associated with neurological manifestations in APS1 patients, as, e.g., shown in previous studies in stiff-man syndrome.

  • 39.
    Gunnarsson, Ulrika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Kerje, Susanne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Bed'hom, Bertrand
    Sahlqvist, Anna-Stina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Tixier-Boichard, Michele
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Andersson, Leif
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    The Dark brown plumage color in chickens is caused by an 8.3-kb deletion upstream of SOX102011In: Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, ISSN 1755-1471, E-ISSN 1755-148X, Vol. 24, no 2, p. 268-274Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Dark brown (DB) mutation in chickens reduces expression of black eumelanin and enhances expression of red pheomelanin, but only in certain parts of the plumage. Here, we present genetic evidence that an 8.3-kb deletion upstream of the SOX10 transcription start site is the causal mutation underlying the DB phenotype. The SOX10 transcription factor has a well-established role in melanocyte biology and is essential for melanocyte migration and survival. Previous studies have demonstrated that the mouse homolog of a highly conserved element within the deleted region is a SOX10 enhancer. The mechanism of action of this mutation remains to be established, but one possible scenario is that the deletion leads to reduced SOX10 expression which in turn down-regulates expression of key enzymes in pigment synthesis such as tyrosinase. Lower tyrosinase activity leads to a shift toward a more pheomelanistic (reddish) plumage color, which is the characteristic feature of the DB phenotype.

  • 40.
    Gustafsson, Jan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Alimohammadi, Mohammad
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Gebre-Medhin, Gennet
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Halldin-Stenlid, Maria
    Hedstrand, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Landgren, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Nilsson, Thomas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Sköldberg, Filip
    Winqvist, Ola
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    APSI - svår autoimmun sjukdom med endokrina och icke-endokrina symtom2004In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 101, no 24, p. 2096-2103Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I (APS I) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a combination of autoimmune manifestations affecting endocrine and non-endocrine organs. APS I usually presents in childhood. The three most common manifestations are chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism and Addison's disease. At least two of these must be present to fulfill the diagnostic criteria of this syndrome. The spectrum of other associated diseases includes gonadal insufficiency, alopecia, vitiligo and chronic active hepatitis. APS I is caused by a mutation in the AIRE-gene (autoimmune regulator) located on chromosome 21. Analysis of specific autoantibodies against intracellular enzymes, particularly enzymes in the synthesis of steroids and neurotransmittors, can be used in the diagnosis of APS I and to predict different manifestations of the disease.

  • 41. Gylling, Mikhail
    et al.
    Kääriäinen, Essi
    Väisänen, Riitta
    Kerosuo, Laura
    Solin, Marja-Liisa
    Halme, Leena
    Saari, Seppo
    Halonen, Maria
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Perheentupa, Jaakko
    Miettinen, Aaro
    The hypoparathyroidism of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy protective effect of male sex2003In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 88, no 10, p. 4602-4608Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy, hypoparathyroidism (HP) is the most common endocrine component. It occurs in most (but not all) patients. Determinants of its occurrence are unknown, and there is no proof for its autoimmune nature. Recently, the Ca(2+)-sensing receptor (CaSR) was reported to be an autoantigen in HP. With our group of 90 patients, we aimed at identifying the determinants and pathomechanism of HP. For the determinants, we evaluated gender and the HLA class II. For the pathomechanism, we searched for parathyroid autoantibodies, including antibodies against CaSR and PTH. Also, we studied whether AIRE is expressed in the human parathyroid, because its absence could be a pathogenetic factor. We found a clear gender linkage with lower and later incidence in males. Of the 14 patients who had escaped HP, 13 were males. This was associated with adrenal failure, which was the first or only endocrinopathy in 47% of males vs. 7% of females. In contrast, we found no linkage to the HLA class II. By immunofluorescence, 19% of the patients had antibodies to parathyroid epithelia. By immunoblotting, these recognized several parathyroid proteins. No antibodies were observed against the CaSR or PTH. By RT-PCR, AIRE mRNA was not found in the parathyroid.

  • 42.
    Hagforsen, Eva
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology.
    Sunnerberg, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Michaëlsson, Gerd
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hedstrand, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Psoriasis autoantigens in normal scalp skin: Identification by expression cloning2007In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology, ISSN 0022-202X, E-ISSN 1523-1747, Vol. 127, no 9, p. 2276-2280Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 43. Halonen, M
    et al.
    Eskelin, P
    Myhre, AG
    Perheentupa, J
    Husebye, ES
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Peltonen, L
    Ulmanen, I
    Partanen, J
    AIRE mutations and human leukocyte antigen genotypes as determinants of the autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy phenotype2002In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 87, no 6, p. 2568-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED, OMIM 240300) is a rare autoimmune disease caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene on chromosome 21q22.3. This monogenic disease provides an interesting model for studies of other common and more complex autoimmune diseases. The most common components of APECED are chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism, and Addison’s disease, but several other endocrine deficiencies and ectodermal dystrophies also occur and the phenotype varies widely. The AIRE genotype also varies; 42 different mutations have been reported so far. To understand the complexity of the phenotype, we studied the AIRE and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genotypes in a series of patients with APECED. The only association between the phenotype and the AIRE genotype was the higher prevalence of candidiasis in the patients with the most common mutation, R257X, than in those with other mutations. Addison’s disease was associated with HLA-DRB1*03 (P = 0.021), alopecia with HLA-DRB1*04- DQB1*0302 (P < 0.001), whereas type 1 diabetes correlated negatively with HLA-DRB1*15-DQB1*0602 (P = 0.036). The same HLA associations have previously been established for non-APECED patients. We conclude that mutation of AIRE per se has little influence on the APECED phenotype, whereas, in contrast to earlier reports, HLA class II is a significant determinant.

  • 44.
    Hedstrand, Håkan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Perheentupa, Jaako
    Ekwall, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Gustafsson, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Michaelsson, Gerd
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Husebye, Eystein
    Rorsman, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Antibodies against hair follicles are associated with alopecia totalis inautoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I1999In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology, ISSN 0022-202X, E-ISSN 1523-1747, Vol. 113, no 6, p. 1054-1058Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the autosomal recessively inherited autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I) patients have autoantibodies directed against several endocrine and nonendocrine organs. Alopecia areata is present in about one-third of the patients and usually in the more severe forms, alopecia universalis or totalis. Sera from 39 patients with APS I, diluted 1:150, were used in indirect immunofluorescence staining of cryo-sections from normal human scalp. Two hair follicle staining patterns were observed. A cytoplasmic staining of the differentiating matrix, cuticle, and cortex keratinocytes in the anagen hair follicle was seen in five (13%) APS I sera. All these five patients had alopecia totalis, representing 63% of the eight patients with alopecia totalis (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, four (10%) of the APS I sera stained the nuclei of the melanocytes in the hair follicle. Two of these patients had vitiligo. None of 20 healthy control sera stained the keratinocyte cells or the melanocyte nuclei. These data show that many patients with APS I have high-titer autoantibodies directed against the anagen matrix, cuticle, and cortex keratinocytes and a melanocyte nuclear antigen, and also that the hair follicle keratinocyte staining is associated with alopecia, especially alopecia totalis. This study emphasizes the role of the differentiating anagen keratinocytes as an important structure in the autoimmune etiology of alopecia, both in APS I and at least in a subgroup of patients with alopecia areata unrelated to APS I.

  • 45.
    Hellström, Anders R.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Sundström, Elisabeth
    Gunnarsson, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Bed'hom, Bertrand
    Tixier-Boichard, Michele
    Honaker, Christa F.
    Sahlqvist, Anna-Stina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Jensen, Per
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Siegel, Paul B.
    Kerje, Susanne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Andersson, Leif
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Sex-linked barring in chickens is controlled by the CDKN2A/B tumour suppressor locus2010In: Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research, ISSN 1755-1471, Vol. 23, no 4, p. 521-530Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sex-linked barring, a common plumage colour found in chickens, is characterized by black and white barred feathers. Previous studies have indicated that the white bands are caused by an absence of melanocytes in the feather follicle during the growth of this region. Here we show that Sex-linked barring is controlled by the CDKN2A/B locus, which encodes the INK4b and ARF transcripts. We identified two non-coding mutations in CDKN2A that showed near complete association with the phenotype. Also identified were two missense mutations at highly conserved sites, V9D and R10C, and every bird tested with a confirmed Sex-linked barring phenotype carried one of these missense mutations. Further work is required to determine if one of these or a combined effect of two or more CDKN2A mutations is causing Sex-linked barring. This novel finding provides the first evidence that the tumour suppressor locus CDKN2A/B can affect pigmentation phenotypes and sheds new light on the functional significance of this gene.

  • 46. Husebye, E. S.
    et al.
    Allolio, B.
    Arlt, W.
    Badenhoop, K.
    Bensing, S.
    Betterle, C.
    Falorni, A.
    Gan, E. H.
    Hulting, A. -L
    Kasperlik-Zaluska, A.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Autoimmunity.
    Lovas, K.
    Meyer, G.
    Pearce, S. H.
    Consensus statement on the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with primary adrenal insufficiency2014In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 275, no 2, p. 104-115Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI), or Addison's disease, is a rare, potentially deadly, but treatable disease. Most cases of PAI are caused by autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex. Consequently, patients with PAI are at higher risk of developing other autoimmune diseases. The diagnosis of PAI is often delayed by many months, and most patients present with symptoms of acute adrenal insufficiency. Because PAI is rare, even medical specialists in this therapeutic area rarely manage more than a few patients. Currently, the procedures for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of this rare disease vary greatly within Europe. The common autoimmune form of PAI is characterized by the presence of 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies; other causes should be sought if no autoantibodies are detected. Acute adrenal crisis is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment. Standard replacement therapy consists of multiple daily doses of hydrocortisone or cortisone acetate combined with fludrocortisone. Annual follow-up by an endocrinologist is recommended with the focus on optimization of replacement therapy and detection of new autoimmune diseases. Patient education to enable self-adjustment of dosages of replacement therapy and crisis prevention is particularly important in this disease. The authors of this document have collaborated within an EU project (Euadrenal) to study the pathogenesis, describe the natural course and improve the treatment for Addison's disease. Based on a synthesis of this research, the available literature, and the views and experiences of the consortium's investigators and key experts, we now attempt to provide a European Expert Consensus Statement for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.

  • 47. Husebye, Eystein S.
    et al.
    Perheentupa, J.
    Rautemaa, R.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Clinical manifestations and management of patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I2009In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 265, no 5, p. 514-529Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS-I) is a monogenic model disease of autoimmunity. Its hallmarks are chronic mucocutaneous candidosis, hypoparathyroidism and adrenal insufficiency, but many other autoimmune disease components occur less frequently. The first components usually appear in childhood, but may be delayed to adolescence or early adult life. There is enormous variation in presentation and phenotype, which makes the diagnosis difficult. Antibodies against interferon-omega and -alpha have recently been shown to be sensitive and relatively specific markers for APS-I, and mutational analysis of the autoimmune regulator gene gives the diagnosis in >95% of cases. The treatment and follow-up of patients is demanding and requires the collaboration of specialists of several fields. However, the literature is especially sparse regarding information on treatment and follow-up; hence, we present here a comprehensive overview on clinical characteristics, treatment and follow-up based on personal experience and published studies.

  • 48.
    Hässler, Signe
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Bacteriology.
    Ramsey, Chris
    Karlsson, Mikael C.I.
    Larsson, Disa
    Herrmann, Björn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Bacteriology.
    Rozell, Björn
    Backheden, Magnus
    Peltonen, Leena
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Winqvist, Ola
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Aire deficient mice develop hematopoetic irregularities and marginal zone B cell lymphoma2006In: Blood, ISSN 0006-4971, E-ISSN 1528-0020, Vol. 108, no 6, p. 1941-1948Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I) is an inherited recessive disorder with a progressive immunological destruction of many tissues including the adrenal cortex, the parathyroid glands, and the gonads. APS I is caused by mutations in the AIRE gene (autoimmune regulator), expressed in cells of the thymus and spleen, suggesting a role in central and peripheral tolerance. Aire(-/-) mice replicate the autoimmune features of APS I patients with the presence of multiple autoantibodies and lymphocytic infiltrates in various tissues, but young mice appear clinically healthy. We here report the investigation of 15- to 24-month-old Aire(-/-) mice. We did not observe any endocrinological abnormalities, nor did sera from these mice recognize known APS I autoantigens. Interestingly, however, there was a high frequency of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma in Aire(-/-) mice and liver infiltrates of B cells, suggesting chronic antigen exposure and exaggerated activation. Furthermore, increased numbers of monocytes in blood were identified as well as augmented numbers of metallophilic macrophages in the spleen. We propose that Aire, in addition to its function in the thymus, also has a peripheral regulatory role by controlling the development of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and marginal zone B-cell activation.

  • 49.
    Hässler, Signe
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ramsey, Chris
    Marits, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Surh, Charles D.
    Peltonen, Leena
    Winqvist, Ola
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Increased antigen presenting cell-mediated T cell activation in mice and patients without the autoimmune regulator2006In: European Journal of Immunology, ISSN 0014-2980, E-ISSN 1521-4141, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 305-317Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I)suffer from endocrine and non-endocrine disorders due to mutations in the autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE). Mouse Aire is expressed both in thymic medullary epithelial cells and in peripheral antigen-presenting cells, suggesting a role in both central and peripheral tolerance. We here report that Aire(-/-) dendritic cells (DC) activate naive T cells more efficiently than do Aire(+/+) DC. Expression array analyses of Aire(-/-) DC revealed differential regulation of 68 transcripts, among which, the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) transcript was up-regulated in Aire(-/-) DC. Concurrently, the expression of the VCAM-1 protein was up-regulated on both Aire(-/-) DC and monocytes from APS I patients. Blocking the interaction of VCAM-1 prevented enhanced Aire(-/-) DC stimulation of T cell hybridomas. We determined an increased number of DC in spleen and lymph nodes and of monocytes in the blood from Aire(-/-) mice, and an increased number of blood monocytes in APS I patients. Our findings imply a role for Aire in peripheral DC regulation of T cell activation, and suggest that Aire participates in peripheral tolerance.

  • 50.
    Hässler, Signe
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. CKMF.
    Ramsey, Chris
    Marits, Per
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. CKMF.
    Kämpe, Olle
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. CKMF.
    Surh, Charles D.
    Peltonen, Leena
    Winqvist, Ola
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. CKMF.
    Increased antigen presenting cell-mediated T cell activation in mice and patients without the autoimmune regulator2006In: European Journal of Immunology, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 305-317Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I)suffer from endocrine and non-endocrine disorders due to mutations in the autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE). Mouse Aire is expressed both in thymic medullary epithelial cells and in peripheral antigen-presenting cells, suggesting a role in both central and peripheral tolerance. We here report that Aire(-/-) dendritic cells (DC) activate naive T cells more efficiently than do Aire(+/+) DC. Expression array analyses of Aire(-/-) DC revealed differential regulation of 68 transcripts, among which, the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) transcript was up-regulated in Aire(-/-) DC. Concurrently, the expression of the VCAM-1 protein was up-regulated on both Aire(-/-) DC and monocytes from APS I patients. Blocking the interaction of VCAM-1 prevented enhanced Aire(-/-) DC stimulation of T cell hybridomas. We determined an increased number of DC in spleen and lymph nodes and of monocytes in the blood from Aire(-/-) mice, and an increased number of blood monocytes in APS I patients. Our findings imply a role for Aire in peripheral DC regulation of T cell activation, and suggest that Aire participates in peripheral tolerance.

12 1 - 50 of 96
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf