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  • 1. Abarca-Gómez, L.
    et al.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Lytsy, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Social Medicine.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Yngve, Agneta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics.
    Ezzati, M
    Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults.2017In: The Lancet, ISSN 0140-6736, E-ISSN 1474-547X, Vol. 390, no 10113, p. 2627-2642Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults.

    METHODS: We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128·9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including 31·5 million aged 5-19 years. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2016 in 200 countries for mean BMI and for prevalence of BMI in the following categories for children and adolescents aged 5-19 years: more than 2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference for children and adolescents (referred to as moderate and severe underweight hereafter), 2 SD to more than 1 SD below the median (mild underweight), 1 SD below the median to 1 SD above the median (healthy weight), more than 1 SD to 2 SD above the median (overweight but not obese), and more than 2 SD above the median (obesity).

    FINDINGS: Regional change in age-standardised mean BMI in girls from 1975 to 2016 ranged from virtually no change (-0·01 kg/m(2) per decade; 95% credible interval -0·42 to 0·39, posterior probability [PP] of the observed decrease being a true decrease=0·5098) in eastern Europe to an increase of 1·00 kg/m(2) per decade (0·69-1·35, PP>0·9999) in central Latin America and an increase of 0·95 kg/m(2) per decade (0·64-1·25, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. The range for boys was from a non-significant increase of 0·09 kg/m(2) per decade (-0·33 to 0·49, PP=0·6926) in eastern Europe to an increase of 0·77 kg/m(2) per decade (0·50-1·06, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Trends in mean BMI have recently flattened in northwestern Europe and the high-income English-speaking and Asia-Pacific regions for both sexes, southwestern Europe for boys, and central and Andean Latin America for girls. By contrast, the rise in BMI has accelerated in east and south Asia for both sexes, and southeast Asia for boys. Global age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 0·7% (0·4-1·2) in 1975 to 5·6% (4·8-6·5) in 2016 in girls, and from 0·9% (0·5-1·3) in 1975 to 7·8% (6·7-9·1) in 2016 in boys; the prevalence of moderate and severe underweight decreased from 9·2% (6·0-12·9) in 1975 to 8·4% (6·8-10·1) in 2016 in girls and from 14·8% (10·4-19·5) in 1975 to 12·4% (10·3-14·5) in 2016 in boys. Prevalence of moderate and severe underweight was highest in India, at 22·7% (16·7-29·6) among girls and 30·7% (23·5-38·0) among boys. Prevalence of obesity was more than 30% in girls in Nauru, the Cook Islands, and Palau; and boys in the Cook Islands, Nauru, Palau, Niue, and American Samoa in 2016. Prevalence of obesity was about 20% or more in several countries in Polynesia and Micronesia, the Middle East and north Africa, the Caribbean, and the USA. In 2016, 75 (44-117) million girls and 117 (70-178) million boys worldwide were moderately or severely underweight. In the same year, 50 (24-89) million girls and 74 (39-125) million boys worldwide were obese.

    INTERPRETATION: The rising trends in children's and adolescents' BMI have plateaued in many high-income countries, albeit at high levels, but have accelerated in parts of Asia, with trends no longer correlated with those of adults.

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  • 2. Abrahamsson, Christina
    et al.
    Ahlund, Catherine
    Nordlander, Margareta
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    A method for heart rate-corrected estimation of baroreflex sensitivity.2003In: J Hypertens, ISSN 0263-6352, Vol. 21, no 11, p. 2133-40Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 3.
    Ahlström, Tommy
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Hagström, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Biochemial structure and function.
    Rudberg, Claes
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centre for Clinical Research, County of Västmanland.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Hellman, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Correlation between plasma calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a community-based cohort of men and women2009In: Clinical Endocrinology, ISSN 0300-0664, E-ISSN 1365-2265, Vol. 71, no 5, p. 673-678Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    CONTEXT: In recent years, an association has been noted between several abnormalities that characterize the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). These abnormalities include dyslipidaemia, obesity, insulin resistance and hypertension. The correlations between plasma calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the variables in the MetS in a normal population are still unclear.

    OBJECTIVE: To describe correlations between plasma calcium and PTH and the various abnormalities present in the MetS in a healthy population.

    DESIGN: We studied 1016 healthy individuals from the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) population of 70 years old, by means of plasma analyses of calcium, PTH, creatinine, lipids, insulin and glucose, as well as by standardized blood pressure measurements. Further, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were determined.

    RESULTS: The more National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria for the MetS that were met, the higher the s-PTH and albumin-corrected s-calcium. Further, positive correlations between plasma calcium and BMI (P = 0.0003), waist circumference (P = 0.0009) and insulin resistance (P = 0.079) were found. PTH and BMI (P < 0.0001), waist circumference (P < 0.0001), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.0034), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.0008), serum triglycerides (P = 0.0003) and insulin resistance (P = 0.0003) were positively correlated, whereas serum high density lipoproteins (HDL) (P = 0.036) and PTH were negatively correlated.

    CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that PTH correlates with several of the metabolic factors included in the MetS within a normocalcaemic population. In addition, individuals with mild pHPT present significantly more NCEP criteria for MetS. We postulate that increased levels of PTH in pHPT may be associated with the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality seen in pHPT.

  • 4. Ahlund, Catherine
    et al.
    Pettersson, Knut
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Influence of different types of stressors on the waveform of the peripheral arterial pulse in humans.2003In: Blood Press, ISSN 0803-7051, Vol. 12, no 5-6, p. 291-7Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 5.
    Ahmad, Shafqat
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Hammar, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Kennedy, Beatrice
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Salihovic, Samira
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Ganna, Andrea
    Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology. The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia.
    Ärnlöv, Johan
    Division of and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet; School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University.
    Berne, Christian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Risérus, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
    Magnusson, Patrik KE
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet.
    Larsson, Susanna C.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical epidemiology. Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fall, Tove
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Effect of General Adiposity and Central Body Fat Distribution on the Circulating Metabolome: A Multi-Cohort Nontargeted Metabolomics Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study2022In: Diabetes, ISSN 0012-1797, E-ISSN 1939-327X, Vol. 71, no 2, p. 329-339Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Obesity is associated with adverse health outcomes, but the metabolic effects have not yet been fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the association between adiposity with circulating metabolites and to address causality with Mendelian randomization (MR). Metabolomics data was generated by non-targeted ultra-performance liquid-chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass-spectrometry in plasma and serum from three population-based Swedish cohorts: ULSAM (N=1,135), PIVUS (N=970), and TwinGene (N=2,059). We assessed associations between general adiposity measured as body mass index (BMI) and central body fat distribution measured as waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI) with 210 annotated metabolites. We employed MR analysis to assess causal effects. Lastly, we attempted to replicate the MR findings in the KORA and TwinsUK cohorts (N=7,373), the CHARGE consortium (N=8,631), the Framingham Heart Study (N=2,076) and the DIRECT consortium (N=3,029). BMI was associated with 77 metabolites, while WHRadjBMI was associated with 11 and 3 metabolites in women and men, respectively. The MR analyses in the Swedish cohorts suggested a causal association (p-value <0.05) of increased general adiposity and reduced levels of arachidonic acid, dodecanedioic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine (P-16:0) as well as with increased creatine levels. The replication effort provided support for a causal association of adiposity on reduced levels of arachidonic acid (p-value 0.03). Adiposity is associated with variation of large parts of the circulating metabolome, however causality needs further investigation in well-powered cohorts.

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  • 6.
    Andersen, Kasper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Ärnlöv, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Byberg, Liisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Michaëlsson, Karl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Muscle Morphology And Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease2010In: Journal of Hypertension, ISSN 0263-6352, E-ISSN 1473-5598, Vol. 28, p. E353-E353Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Andersen, Kasper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Ärnlöv, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Byberg, Liisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Michaëlsson, Karl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Skeletal muscle morphology and risk of cardiovascular disease in elderly men2015In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, ISSN 2047-4873, E-ISSN 2047-4881, Vol. 22, no 2, p. 231-239Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:

    While it is well known that physical inactivity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, there is still a search for the mechanisms by which exercise exerts its positive effect. Skeletal muscle fibre type can be affected to some extent by exercise, and different fibre types possess different anti-inflammatory and glucometabolic properties that may influence cardiovascular disease risk.

    DESIGN:

    Population-based cohort study.

    METHODS:

    We investigated relations of skeletal muscle morphology to risk of cardiovascular events in a sample of 466 71-year-old men without cardiovascular disease, of which 295 were physically active (strenuous physical activity at least 3 h/week).

    RESULTS:

    During a median of 13.1 years of follow up, 173 major cardiovascular events occurred. Among physically active men, 10% higher proportion of type-I (slow-twitch oxidative) fibres was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.84 (95% confidence interval 0.74-0.95) for cardiovascular events, and 10% higher proportion of type-IIx (fast-twitch glycolytic) fibres was associated with a HR of 1.24 (1.06-1.45), adjusting for age. Similar results were observed in several sets of multivariable-adjusted models. No association of muscle fibre type with risk of cardiovascular events was observed among physically inactive men.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    Higher skeletal muscle proportion of type-I fibres was associated with lower risk of cardiovascular events and a higher proportion of type-IIx fibres was associated with higher risk of cardiovascular events. These relations were only observed in physically active men. Skeletal muscle fibre composition may be a mediator of the protective effects of exercise against cardiovascular disease.

  • 8.
    Andersson, Helén
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Lind, P. Monica
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Rönn, Monika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Eva, Brittebo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Experimental studies of bisphenol A in cardiovascular cells and tissues: effects on genes that regulate angiogenesis and vascular tone2012In:  , 2012Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 9.
    Annuk, Margus
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Fellström, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Cyclooxygenase inhibition improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with chronic renal failure2002In: Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, ISSN 0931-0509, E-ISSN 1460-2385, Vol. 17, no 12, p. 2159-2163Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Some studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of L-arginine as a substrate for nitric oxide synthesis, and diclofenac as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived vasoconstrictive agents on vascular responses in humans during several pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the acute effects of L-arginine and diclofenac on endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDV) and endothelium-independent vasodilatation (EIDV) in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF).

    METHODS: Effects of L-arginine and diclofenac on EDV and EIDV were measured in 15 patients with CRF and in 15 healthy controls by means of forearm blood flow measurements with venous occlusion plethysmography during local intra-arterial infusions of methacholine (2 and 4 micro g/min evaluating EDV) and sodium nitroprusside (5 and 10 micro g/min evaluating EIDV).

    RESULTS: L-Arginine infusion increased methacholine-induced vasodilatation both in patients with CRF and healthy controls. Diclofenac infusion increased methacholine-induced vasodilatation only in patients with CRF. There was no significant change in nitroprusside-induced vasodilatation after L-arginine and diclofenac infusions both in patients with CRF and healthy controls.

    CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that COX inhibition reduces the levels of a prostanoid-derived vasoconstrictive agent contributing to the impaired EDV in patients with CRF, while in this age group L-arginine improves EDV regardless of renal function.

  • 10.
    Annuk, Margus
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Linde, Torbjörn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Fellström, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in renal failure in humans2001In: Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, ISSN 0931-0509, E-ISSN 1460-2385, Vol. 16, no 2, p. 302-306Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The main causes of death in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are cardiovascular complications. The aim of the present study was to compare endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDV) in patients with chronic renal failure with a control population controlling for hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia.

    METHODS: Fifty-six patients with moderate CRF (mean creatinine clearance 29.4 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) underwent evaluation of EDV and endothelium-independent vasodilatation (EIDV) by means of forearm blood flow (FBF) measurements with venous occlusion plethysmography during local intra-arterial infusions of methacholine (Mch, 2 and 4 microg/min evaluating EDV) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 5 and 10 microg/min evaluating EIDV). Fifty-six control subjects without renal impairment underwent the same investigation.

    RESULTS: Infusion of Mch increased FBF significantly less in patients with renal failure than in controls (198 vs 374%, P<0.001), whereas no significant difference was seen regarding the vasodilatation induced by SNP (278 vs 269%). The differences in EDV between the groups were still significant after controlling for hypertension, blood glucose, and serum cholesterol in multiple regression analysis (P<0.001). EDV was related to serum creatinine (r=-0.37, P<0.01), creatinine clearance (r=0.45, P<0.005) and to serum triglyceride levels (r=-0.29, P<0.005) in the CRF group.

    CONCLUSIONS: Patients with moderate CRF have an impaired EDV even after correction for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and this impairment is related to the degree of renal failure.

  • 11.
    Annuk, Margus
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Linde, Torbjörn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Fellström, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Erythropoietin impairs endothelial vasodilatory function in patients with renal anemia and in healthy subjects2006In: Nephron. Clinical practice, ISSN 1660-8151, E-ISSN 2235-3186, Vol. 102, no 1, p. c30-c34Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background/Aim: The mechanisms underlying the aggravation or development of hypertension frequently seen during treatment of renal anemia with epoetins are not fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of epoetin alfa on endothelial vasodilatory function in patients with renal anemia and in healthy subjects. Methods: Eighteen preuremic patients with anemia (GFR 23.4 ± 11 SD ml/min, Hb 101 ± 8 g/l) and 10 healthy subjects underwent evaluation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) and endothelium-independent vasodilation (EIDV) by means of forearm blood flow (FBF) measurements with venous occlusion plethysmography during local intra-arterial infusions of methacholine (MCh, evaluating EDV) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, evaluating EIDV). These investigations were performed before and 30 min after an intravenous injection of epoetin alfa (10,000 IU). Ten healthy subjects underwent the same procedure with the exception that saline were given instead of epoetin. The patients were treated with epoetin alfa subcutaneously for 12-19 weeks and revaluated when Hb exceeded 120 g/l. Results: EDV was attenuated after the epoetin injection in both renal patients and healthy subjects. This impairment persisted after anemia had been treated. EDIV and blood pressure remained constant. Saline had no effect on the variables measured. Conclusion: Our results indicate that epoetin alfa impairs endothelial function in renal patients and healthy subjects which may have an impact on vascular complications.

  • 12.
    Annuk, Margus
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Soveri, Inga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Zilmer, Mihkel
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hulthe, Johannes
    Fellström, Bengt
    Endothelial function, CRP and oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease2005In: JN. Journal of Nephrology (Milano. 1992), ISSN 1121-8428, E-ISSN 1724-6059, Vol. 18, no 6, p. 721-726Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Apart from traditional risk factors, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, malnutrition and endothelial dysfunction are important in CVD development in renal patients. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), endothelium dependent vasodilation (EDV) and oxidative stress markers in patients with CKD K/DOQI stage 3-5.

    METHODS: Measurements of CRP, conjugated dienes (CD), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), oxidized low density lipoprotein,glutathione and albumin were performed in 44 consecutive patients with CKD stage 3-5. EDV was measured by methacholine infusion in the brachial artery and venous occlusion plethysmography.

    RESULTS: Patients with high CRP had significantly lower glomerular filtration rates and albumin, but increased LOOH and CD. In multiple regression analysis, only LOOH and CD remained significant. Patients with poor EDV had increased urea and lower glutathione (GSH). In multiple regression analysis, GSH and urea were independently related to EDV. No correlation was found between CRP and endothelial function.

    CONCLUSION: CRP was related to lipid peroxidation, while endothelial function was related to intracellular oxidative stress in patients with CKD. CRP and EDV were unrelated to each other. Therefore, CRP and endothelial function could provide complementary prognostic information regarding future cardiovascular disorders in renal patients.

  • 13.
    Annuk, Margus
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Zilmer, Mikhel
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Linde, Torbjörn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Fellström, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Oxidative stress and endothelial function in chronic renal failure2001In: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, ISSN 1046-6673, E-ISSN 1533-3450, Vol. 12, no 12, p. 2747-2752Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study aimed to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Thirty-seven patients with CRF underwent evaluation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation and endothelium-independent vasodilation by means of forearm blood flow measurements with venous occlusion plethysmography during local intra-arterial infusions of methacholine (evaluating endothelium-dependent vasodilation) and sodium nitroprusside (evaluating endothelium-independent vasodilation). Lag phase of lipoprotein fraction to oxidation, total antioxidative activity, diene conjugates, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxide, reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized GSH (GSSG), and the GSH redox ratio (GSSG/GSH) were all measured as markers of oxidative stress. Two groups of healthy subjects (61 and 37 subjects, respectively) were used as controls. In one group, oxidative stress markers were measured, whereas endothelium-dependent vasodilation and endothelium-independent vasodilation were assessed in the other group. Compared with controls, the patients with renal insufficiency had an impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation, a shorter lag phase of lipoprotein fraction, and higher levels of diene conjugates, lipid hydroperoxide, and GSSG levels. The GSSG/GSH ratio was lower in patients with CRF. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was positively correlated with total antioxidative activity (r = 0.41, P = 0.016), GSH (r = 0.44, P < 0.0098), and lag phase of LDL (r = 0.35, P = 0.036) and negatively correlated with GSSG (r = -0.40, P < 0.018), GSSG/GSH (r = -0.47, P = 0.0057), and diene conjugates (r = -0.53 P < 0.0015) in patients with CRF. These results show that an impaired endothelium vasodilation function and oxidative stress are related to each other in patients with CRF.

  • 14.
    Arefalk, Gabriel
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Hambraeus, Kristina
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Michaëlsson, Karl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Discontinuation of Smokeless Tobacco and Mortality Risk After Myocardial Infarction2014In: Circulation, ISSN 0009-7322, E-ISSN 1524-4539, Vol. 130, no 4, p. 325-323Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background-Given the indications of increased risk for fatal myocardial infarction (MI) in people who use snus, a moist smokeless tobacco product, we hypothesized that discontinuation of snus use after an MI would reduce mortality risk. Methods and Results-All patients who were admitted to coronary care units for an MI in Sweden between 2005 and 2009 and were <75 years of age underwent a structured examination 2 months after discharge (the baseline of the present study). We investigated the risk of mortality in post-MI snus quitters (n=675) relative to post-MI continuing snus users (n=1799) using Cox proportional hazards analyses. During follow-up (mean 2.1 years), 83 participants died. The mortality rate was 9.7 (95% confidence interval, 5.7-16.3) per 1000 person-years at risk in post-MI snus quitters and 18.7 (14.8-23.6) per 1000 person-years at risk in post-MI continuing snus users. After adjustment for age and sex, post-MI snus quitters had half the mortality risk of post-MI continuing snus users (hazard ratio, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.29-0.91). In a multivariable-adjusted model, the hazard ratio was 0.57 (95% confidence interval, 0.32-1.02). The corresponding estimate for people who quit smoking after MI versus post-MI continuing smokers was 0.54 (95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.69). Conclusions-In this study, discontinuation of snus use after an MI was associated with a nearly halved mortality risk, similar to the benefit associated with smoking cessation. These observations suggest that the use of snus after MI should be discouraged.

  • 15.
    Arefalk, Gabriel
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Hambraeus, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Center for Clinical Research Dalarna.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Michaëlsson, Karl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Lindahl, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Response to Letter Regarding Article, "Discontinuation of Smokeless Tobacco and Mortality Risk After Myocardial Infarction"2015In: Circulation, ISSN 0009-7322, E-ISSN 1524-4539, Vol. 131, no 17, p. E423-E423Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 16.
    Arefalk, Gabriel
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hergens, M. P.
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Ärnlöv, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Michaëlsson, Karl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ye, W.
    Nyrén, O.
    Lambe, M.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Smokeless Tobacco (Snus) And Risk Of Heart Failure In Two Swedish Cohorts2010In: Journal of Hypertension, ISSN 0263-6352, E-ISSN 1473-5598, Vol. 28, p. E48-E49Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Arefalk, Gabriel
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Hergens, Maria-Pia
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Ärnlöv, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Michaëlsson, Karl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Ye, Weimin
    Nyrén, Olof
    Lambe, Mats
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Smokeless Tobacco (Snus) and Risk of Heart Failure: Results from Two Swedish Cohorts2012In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, ISSN 1741-8267, E-ISSN 1741-8275, Vol. 19, no 5, p. 1120-1127Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Oral moist snuff (snus) is discussed as a safer alternative to smoking, and its use is increasing. Based on its documented effect on blood pressure, we hypothesized that use of snus increases the risk of heart failure.

    Design:

    Two independent Swedish prospective cohorts; the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM), a community-based sample of 1076 elderly men, and the Construction Workers Cohort (CWC), a sample of 118,425 never-smoking male construction workers.

    Methods:

    Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate possible associations of snus use with risk of a first hospitalization for heart failure.

    Results:

    In ULSAM, 95 men were hospitalized for heart failure, during a median follow up of 8.9 years. In a model adjusted for established risk factors including past and present smoking exposure, current snus use was associated with a higher risk of heart failure [hazard ratio (HR) 2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-4.22] relative to non-use. Snus use was particularly associated with risk of non-ischaemic heart failure (HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.12-5.82). In CWC, 545 men were hospitalized for heart failure, during a median follow up of 18 years. In multivariable-adjusted models, current snus use was moderately associated with a higher risk of heart failure (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.00-1.64) and non-ischaemic heart failure (HR 1.28, 95% CI 0.97-1.68) relative to never tobacco use.

    Conclusion:

    Data from two independent cohorts suggest that use of snus may be associated with a higher risk of heart failure.

  • 18. Arking, Dan E
    et al.
    Pulit, Sara L
    Crotti, Lia
    van der Harst, Pim
    Munroe, Patricia B
    Koopmann, Tamara T
    Sotoodehnia, Nona
    Rossin, Elizabeth J
    Morley, Michael
    Wang, Xinchen
    Johnson, Andrew D
    Lundby, Alicia
    Gudbjartsson, Daníel F
    Noseworthy, Peter A
    Eijgelsheim, Mark
    Bradford, Yuki
    Tarasov, Kirill V
    Dörr, Marcus
    Müller-Nurasyid, Martina
    Lahtinen, Annukka M
    Nolte, Ilja M
    Smith, Albert Vernon
    Bis, Joshua C
    Isaacs, Aaron
    Newhouse, Stephen J
    Evans, Daniel S
    Post, Wendy S
    Waggott, Daryl
    Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka
    Hicks, Andrew A
    Eisele, Lewin
    Ellinghaus, David
    Hayward, Caroline
    Navarro, Pau
    Ulivi, Sheila
    Tanaka, Toshiko
    Tester, David J
    Chatel, Stéphanie
    Gustafsson, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Kumari, Meena
    Morris, Richard W
    Naluai, Asa T
    Padmanabhan, Sandosh
    Kluttig, Alexander
    Strohmer, Bernhard
    Panayiotou, Andrie G
    Torres, Maria
    Knoflach, Michael
    Hubacek, Jaroslav A
    Slowikowski, Kamil
    Raychaudhuri, Soumya
    Kumar, Runjun D
    Harris, Tamara B
    Launer, Lenore J
    Shuldiner, Alan R
    Alonso, Alvaro
    Bader, Joel S
    Ehret, Georg
    Huang, Hailiang
    Kao, W H Linda
    Strait, James B
    Macfarlane, Peter W
    Brown, Morris
    Caulfield, Mark J
    Samani, Nilesh J
    Kronenberg, Florian
    Willeit, Johann
    Smith, J Gustav
    Greiser, Karin H
    Meyer Zu Schwabedissen, Henriette
    Werdan, Karl
    Carella, Massimo
    Zelante, Leopoldo
    Heckbert, Susan R
    Psaty, Bruce M
    Rotter, Jerome I
    Kolcic, Ivana
    Polašek, Ozren
    Wright, Alan F
    Griffin, Maura
    Daly, Mark J
    Arnar, David O
    Hólm, Hilma
    Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur
    Denny, Joshua C
    Roden, Dan M
    Zuvich, Rebecca L
    Emilsson, Valur
    Plump, Andrew S
    Larson, Martin G
    O'Donnell, Christopher J
    Yin, Xiaoyan
    Bobbo, Marco
    D'Adamo, Adamo P
    Iorio, Annamaria
    Sinagra, Gianfranco
    Carracedo, Angel
    Cummings, Steven R
    Nalls, Michael A
    Jula, Antti
    Kontula, Kimmo K
    Marjamaa, Annukka
    Oikarinen, Lasse
    Perola, Markus
    Porthan, Kimmo
    Erbel, Raimund
    Hoffmann, Per
    Jöckel, Karl-Heinz
    Kälsch, Hagen
    Nöthen, Markus M
    den Hoed, Marcel
    Loos, Ruth J F
    Thelle, Dag S
    Gieger, Christian
    Meitinger, Thomas
    Perz, Siegfried
    Peters, Annette
    Prucha, Hanna
    Sinner, Moritz F
    Waldenberger, Melanie
    de Boer, Rudolf A
    Franke, Lude
    van der Vleuten, Pieter A
    Beckmann, Britt Maria
    Martens, Eimo
    Bardai, Abdennasser
    Hofman, Nynke
    Wilde, Arthur A M
    Behr, Elijah R
    Dalageorgou, Chrysoula
    Giudicessi, John R
    Medeiros-Domingo, Argelia
    Barc, Julien
    Kyndt, Florence
    Probst, Vincent
    Ghidoni, Alice
    Insolia, Roberto
    Hamilton, Robert M
    Scherer, Stephen W
    Brandimarto, Jeffrey
    Margulies, Kenneth
    Moravec, Christine E
    Greco M, Fabiola Del
    Fuchsberger, Christian
    O'Connell, Jeffrey R
    Lee, Wai K
    Watt, Graham C M
    Campbell, Harry
    Wild, Sarah H
    El Mokhtari, Nour E
    Frey, Norbert
    Asselbergs, Folkert W
    Mateo Leach, Irene
    Navis, Gerjan
    van den Berg, Maarten P
    van Veldhuisen, Dirk J
    Kellis, Manolis
    Krijthe, Bouwe P
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Franco, Oscar H
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hofman, Albert
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kors, Jan A
    Uitterlinden, André G
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Witteman, Jacqueline C M
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Kedenko, Lyudmyla
    Lamina, Claudia
    Oostra, Ben A
    Abecasis, Gonçalo R
    Lakatta, Edward G
    Mulas, Antonella
    Orrú, Marco
    Schlessinger, David
    Uda, Manuela
    Markus, Marcello R P
    Völker, Uwe
    Snieder, Harold
    Spector, Timothy D
    Ärnlöv, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Sundström, Johan
    Syvänen, Ann-Christine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Kivimaki, Mika
    Kähönen, Mika
    Mononen, Nina
    Raitakari, Olli T
    Viikari, Jorma S
    Adamkova, Vera
    Kiechl, Stefan
    Brion, Maria
    Nicolaides, Andrew N
    Paulweber, Bernhard
    Haerting, Johannes
    Dominiczak, Anna F
    Nyberg, Fredrik
    Whincup, Peter H
    Hingorani, Aroon D
    Schott, Jean-Jacques
    Bezzina, Connie R
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Ferrucci, Luigi
    Gasparini, Paolo
    Wilson, James F
    Rudan, Igor
    Franke, Andre
    Mühleisen, Thomas W
    Pramstaller, Peter P
    Lehtimäki, Terho J
    Paterson, Andrew D
    Parsa, Afshin
    Liu, Yongmei
    van Duijn, Cornelia M
    Siscovick, David S
    Gudnason, Vilmundur
    Jamshidi, Yalda
    Salomaa, Veikko
    Felix, Stephan B
    Sanna, Serena
    Ritchie, Marylyn D
    Stricker, Bruno H
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Stefansson, Kari
    Boyer, Laurie A
    Cappola, Thomas P
    Olsen, Jesper V
    Lage, Kasper
    Schwartz, Peter J
    Kääb, Stefan
    Chakravarti, Aravinda
    Ackerman, Michael J
    Pfeufer, Arne
    de Bakker, Paul I W
    Newton-Cheh, Christopher
    Genetic association study of QT interval highlights role for calcium signaling pathways in myocardial repolarization.2014In: Nature Genetics, ISSN 1061-4036, E-ISSN 1546-1718, Vol. 46, no 8, p. 826-836Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The QT interval, an electrocardiographic measure reflecting myocardial repolarization, is a heritable trait. QT prolongation is a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) and could indicate the presence of the potentially lethal mendelian long-QT syndrome (LQTS). Using a genome-wide association and replication study in up to 100,000 individuals, we identified 35 common variant loci associated with QT interval that collectively explain ∼8-10% of QT-interval variation and highlight the importance of calcium regulation in myocardial repolarization. Rare variant analysis of 6 new QT interval-associated loci in 298 unrelated probands with LQTS identified coding variants not found in controls but of uncertain causality and therefore requiring validation. Several newly identified loci encode proteins that physically interact with other recognized repolarization proteins. Our integration of common variant association, expression and orthogonal protein-protein interaction screens provides new insights into cardiac electrophysiology and identifies new candidate genes for ventricular arrhythmias, LQTS and SCD.

  • 19. Arnlov, Johan
    et al.
    Carlsson, Axel C.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Larsson, Tobias E.
    Serum FGF23 and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Relation to Mineral Metabolism and Cardiovascular Pathology2013In: American Society of Nephrology. Clinical Journal, ISSN 1555-9041, E-ISSN 1555-905X, Vol. 8, no 5, p. 781-786Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and objectives Circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in CKD and non-CKD individuals, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study tested whether this association is independent of mineral metabolism and indices of subclinical cardiovascular pathology. Design, setting, participants, & measurements The prospective association between fibroblast growth factor-23 and major cardiovascular events (a composite of hospital-treated myocardial infarction, hospital-treated stroke, or all-cause mortality) was investigated in the community-based Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (n=973; mean age=70 years, 50% women) using multivariate logistic regression. Subjects were recruited between January of 2001 and June of 2004. Results During follow-up (median=5.1 years), 112 participants suffered a major cardiovascular event. In logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, and estimated GFR, higher fibroblast growth factor-23 was associated with increased risk for major cardiovascular events (odds ratio for tertiles 2 and 3 versus tertile 1=1.92, 95% confidence interval=1.19-3.09, P<0.01). After additional adjustments in the model, adding established cardiovascular risk factors, confounders of mineral metabolism (calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and 25 (OH)-vitamin D), and indices of subclinical pathology (flow-mediated vasodilation, endothelial-dependent and -independent vasodilation, arterial stiffness, and atherosclerosis and left ventricular mass) attenuated this relationship, but it remained significant (odds ratio for tertiles 2 and 3 versus tertile 1=1.69, 95% confidence interval=1.01-2.82, P<0.05). Conclusions Fibroblast growth factor-23 is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in the community, even after accounting for mineral metabolism abnormalities and subclinical cardiovascular damage. Circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 may reflect novel and important aspects of cardiovascular risk yet to be unraveled.

  • 20.
    Arnlöv, Johan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Lind, Lars
    Department of Medical Sciences.
    Andrén, Bertil
    Department of Medical Sciences.
    Riserus, U
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Berglund, L
    Lithell, H
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    A Doppler-derived index of combined left ventricular systolic and diastolic function is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in elderly men.2005In: Am Heart J, ISSN 1097-6744, Vol. 149, no 5, p. 902-7Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 21.
    Arnlöv, Johan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Sundström, Johan
    Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Andrén, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Andersson, Maria
    Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Reneland, Richard
    Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Berglund, Lars
    Kashuba, Vladimir
    Protopopov, Alexei
    Zabarovsky, Eugene
    Lithell, Hans
    Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    hUNC-93B1, a novel gene mainly expressed in the heart, is related to left ventricular diastolic function, heart failure morbidity and mortality in elderly men.2005In: Eur J Heart Fail, ISSN 1388-9842, Vol. 7, no 6, p. 958-65Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 22. Asayama, Kei
    et al.
    Thijs, Lutgarde
    Li, Yan
    Gu, Yu-Mei
    Hara, Azusa
    Liu, Yan-Ping
    Zhang, Zhenyu
    Wei, Fang-Fei
    Lujambio, Ines
    Mena, Luis J.
    Boggia, Jose
    Hansen, Tine W.
    Björklund-Bodegård, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Nomura, Kyoko
    Ohkubo, Takayoshi
    Jeppesen, Jorgen
    Torp-Pedersen, Christian
    Dolan, Eamon
    Stolarz-Skrzypek, Katarzyna
    Malyutina, Sofia
    Casiglia, Edoardo
    Nikitin, Yuri
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Luzardo, Leonella
    Kawecka-Jaszcz, Kalina
    Sandoya, Edgardo
    Filipovsky, Jan
    Maestre, Gladys E.
    Wang, Jiguang
    Imai, Yutaka
    Franklin, Stanley S.
    O'Brien, Eoin
    Staessen, Jan A.
    Setting Thresholds to Varying Blood Pressure Monitoring Intervals Differentially Affects Risk Estimates Associated With White-Coat and Masked Hypertension in the Population2014In: Hypertension, ISSN 0194-911X, E-ISSN 1524-4563, Vol. 64, no 5, p. 935-942Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Outcome-driven recommendations about time intervals during which ambulatory blood pressure should be measured to diagnose white-coat or masked hypertension are lacking. We cross-classified 8237 untreated participants (mean age, 50.7 years; 48.4% women) enrolled in 12 population studies, using >= 140/>= 90, >= 130/>= 80, >= 135/>= 85, and >= 120/>= 70 mm Hg as hypertension thresholds for conventional, 24-hour, daytime, and nighttime blood pressure. White-coat hypertension was hypertension on conventional measurement with ambulatory normotension, the opposite condition being masked hypertension. Intervals used for classification of participants were daytime, nighttime, and 24 hours, first considered separately, and next combined as 24 hours plus daytime or plus nighttime, or plus both. Depending on time intervals chosen, white-coat and masked hypertension frequencies ranged from 6.3% to 12.5% and from 9.7% to 19.6%, respectively. During 91 046 person-years, 729 participants experienced a cardiovascular event. In multivariable analyses with normotension during all intervals of the day as reference, hazard ratios associated with white-coat hypertension progressively weakened considering daytime only (1.38; P=0.033), nighttime only (1.43; P=0.0074), 24 hours only (1.21; P=0.20), 24 hours plus daytime (1.24; P=0.18), 24 hours plus nighttime (1.15; P=0.39), and 24 hours plus daytime and nighttime (1.16; P=0.41). The hazard ratios comparing masked hypertension with normotension were all significant (P<0.0001), ranging from 1.76 to 2.03. In conclusion, identification of truly low-risk white-coat hypertension requires setting thresholds simultaneously to 24 hours, daytime, and nighttime blood pressure. Although any time interval suffices to diagnose masked hypertension, as proposed in current guidelines, full 24-hour recordings remain standard in clinical practice.

  • 23.
    Ax, Erika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
    Lampa, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Salihovic, Samira
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    van Bavel, Bert
    Cederholm, Tommy
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
    Sjögren, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
    Lind, P Monica
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Circulating levels of environmental contaminants are associated with dietary patterns in older adults2015In: Environment International, ISSN 0160-4120, E-ISSN 1873-6750, Vol. 75, p. 93-102Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Food intake contributes substantially to our exposure to environmental contaminants. Still, little is known about our dietary habits' contribution to exposure variability.

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess circulating levels of environmental contaminants in relation to predefined dietary patterns in an elderly Swedish population.

    METHODS: Dietary data and serum concentrations of environmental contaminants were obtained from 844 70-year-old Swedish subjects (50% women) in the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study. Dietary data from 7-day food records was used to assess adherence to a Mediterranean-like diet, a low carbohydrate-high protein diet and the WHO dietary recommendations. Circulating levels of 6 polychlorinated biphenyl markers, 3 organochlorine pesticides, 1 dioxin and 1 polybrominated diphenyl ether, the metals cadmium, lead, mercury and aluminum and serum levels of bisphenol A and 4 phthalate metabolites were investigated in relation to dietary patterns in multivariate linear regression models.

    RESULTS: A Mediterranean-like diet was positively associated with levels of several polychlorinated biphenyls (118, 126, 153, and 209), trans-nonachlor and mercury. A low carbohydrate-high protein diet was positively associated with polychlorinated biphenyls 118 and 153, trans-nonachlor, hexachlorobenzene and p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, mercury and lead. The WHO recommended diet was negatively related to levels of dioxin and lead, and borderline positively to polychlorinated biphenyl 118 and trans-nonachlor.

    CONCLUSION: Dietary patterns were associated in diverse manners with circulating levels of environmental contaminants in this elderly Swedish population. Following the WHO dietary recommendations seems to be associated with a lower burden of environmental contaminants.

  • 24.
    Bahls, Martin
    et al.
    Univ Med Greifswald, Dept Internal Med B, Ferdinand Sauerbruch Str, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany.;German Ctr Cardiovasc Res DZHK, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany..
    Lorenz, Matthias W.
    Goethe Univ, Dept Neurol, Frankfurt, Germany..
    Doerr, Marcus
    Univ Med Greifswald, Dept Internal Med B, Ferdinand Sauerbruch Str, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany.;German Ctr Cardiovasc Res DZHK, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany..
    Gao, Lu
    Univ Cambridge, Inst Publ Hlth, MRC Biostat Unit, Univ Forvie Site, Cambridge, England..
    Kitagawa, Kazuo
    Tokyo Womens Med Univ, Dept Neurol, Tokyo, Japan..
    Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka
    Univ Eastern Finland, Inst Publ Hlth & Clin Nutr, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland..
    Agewall, Stefan
    Univ Oslo, Inst Clin Sci, Oslo, Norway.;Oslo Univ Hosp Ulleval, Dept Cardiol, Oslo, Norway..
    Berenson, Gerald
    Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Pediat Biochem Epidemiol, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA.;Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Med Pediat Biochem Epidemiol, New Orleans, LA USA..
    Catapano, Alberico L.
    IRCSS Multimed, Milan, Italy.;Univ Milan, Dept Pharmacol & Biomol Sci, Milan, Italy..
    Norata, Giuseppe D.
    Univ Milan, Dept Pharmacol & Biomol Sci, Milan, Italy.;Bassini Hosp, SISA Ctr Study Atherosclerosis, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy..
    Bots, Michiel L.
    Univ Utrecht, Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    van Gilst, Wiek
    Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Expt Cardiol, Groningen, Netherlands..
    Asselbergs, Folkert W.
    Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Cardiol, Utrecht, Netherlands.;UCL, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, London, England.;UCL, Hlth Data Res UK, London, England.;UCL, Inst Hlth Informat, London, England..
    Brouwers, Frank P.
    Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Cardiol, Groningen, Netherlands..
    Uthoff, Heiko
    Univ Hosp Basel, Dept Angiol, Basel, Switzerland..
    Sander, Dirk
    Benedictus Hosp Tutzing, Dept Neurol, Tutzing, Germany..
    Poppert, Holger
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Neurol, Munich, Germany..
    Olsen, Michael Hecht
    Univ Southern Denmark, Holbaek Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Odense, Denmark.;Univ Southern Denmark, Inst Reg Hlth Res, Odense, Denmark..
    Empana, Jean Philippe
    Univ Paris, INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Paris, France..
    Schminke, Ulf
    Univ Med Greifswald, Dept Neurol, Greifswald, Germany..
    Baldassarre, Damiano
    IRCCS, Ctr Cardiol Monzino, Milan, Italy.;Univ Milan, Dept Med Biotechnol & Translat Med, Milan, Italy..
    Veglia, Fabrizio
    IRCCS, Ctr Cardiol Monzino, Milan, Italy..
    Franco, Oscar H.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.;Univ Bern, ISPM, Bern, Switzerland..
    Kavousi, Maryam
    Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    de Groot, Eric
    Imagelabonline & Cardiovasc, Erichem, Netherlands..
    Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.
    UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Clin Med, Tromso, Norway.;Univ Hosp North Norway, Dept Neurol, Tromso, Norway..
    Grigore, Liliana
    Bassini Hosp, Ctr Sisa Studio Aterosclerosi, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy..
    Polak, Joseph F.
    Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA..
    Rundek, Tatjana
    Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Miami, FL 33136 USA..
    Stehouwer, Coen D. A.
    Maastricht Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Maastricht, Netherlands.;Maastricht Univ, Med Ctr, Cardiovasc Res Inst Maastricht CARIM, Maastricht, Netherlands..
    Skilton, Michael R.
    Univ Sydney, Boden Collaborat Obes Nutr Exercise & Eating Diso, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Hatzitolios, Apostolos, I
    Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Propedeut Dept Internal Med, AHEPA Hosp, Thessaloniki, Greece..
    Savopoulos, Christos
    Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Propedeut Dept Internal Med, AHEPA Hosp, Thessaloniki, Greece..
    Ntaios, George
    Univ Thessaly, Fac Med, Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Internal Med, Larisa, Greece..
    Plichart, Matthieu
    Bassini Hosp, Ctr Sisa Studio Aterosclerosi, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy.;Hop Broca, AP HP, Paris, France..
    McLachlan, Stela
    Univ Edinburgh, Usher Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Willeit, Peter
    Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Neurol, Innsbruck, Austria.;Univ Cambridge, Sch Clin Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Cambridge, England..
    Steinmetz, Helmuth
    Goethe Univ, Dept Neurol, Frankfurt, Germany..
    Desvarieux, Moise
    Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA.;INSERM, UMR 1153, Ctr Rech Epidemiol & Stat Paris Sorbonne Cite CRE, METHODS Core, Paris, France..
    Ikram, M. Arfan
    Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.;Erasmus MC, Dept Neurol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.;Erasmus MC, Dept Radiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Johnsen, Stein Harald
    UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Clin Med, Tromso, Norway.;Univ Hosp North Norway, Dept Neurol, Tromso, Norway..
    Schmidt, Caroline
    Sahlgrens Acad, Inst Med, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Willeit, Johann
    Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Neurol, Innsbruck, Austria..
    Ducimetiere, Pierre
    Univ Paris Sud Xi, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France..
    Price, Jackie F.
    Univ Edinburgh, Usher Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Bergstrom, Goran
    Sahlgrens Acad, Inst Med, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Clin Physiol, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Kauhanen, Jussi
    Univ Eastern Finland, Inst Publ Hlth & Clin Nutr, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland..
    Kiechl, Stefan
    Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Neurol, Innsbruck, Austria..
    Sitzer, Matthias
    Goethe Univ, Dept Neurol, Frankfurt, Germany.;Klinikum Herford, Dept Neurol, Herford, Germany..
    Bickel, Horst
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany..
    Sacco, Ralph L.
    Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Miami, FL 33136 USA..
    Hofman, Albert
    Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.;Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA..
    Voelzke, Henry
    German Ctr Cardiovasc Res DZHK, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.;Univ Med Greifswald, Inst Community Med, SHIP Clin Epidemiol Res, Greifswald, Germany..
    Thompson, Simon G.
    Univ Cambridge, Sch Clin Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Cambridge, England..
    Progression of conventional cardiovascular risk factors and vascular disease risk in individuals: insights from the PROG-IMT consortium2020In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, ISSN 2047-4873, E-ISSN 2047-4881, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 234-243Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims Averaged measurements, but not the progression based on multiple assessments of carotid intima-media thickness, (cIMT) are predictive of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in individuals. Whether this is true for conventional risk factors is unclear. Methods and results An individual participant meta-analysis was used to associate the annualised progression of systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with future cardiovascular disease risk in 13 prospective cohort studies of the PROG-IMT collaboration (n = 34,072). Follow-up data included information on a combined cardiovascular disease endpoint of myocardial infarction, stroke, or vascular death. In secondary analyses, annualised progression was replaced with average. Log hazard ratios per standard deviation difference were pooled across studies by a random effects meta-analysis. In primary analysis, the annualised progression of total cholesterol was marginally related to a higher cardiovascular disease risk (hazard ratio (HR) 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00 to 1.07). The annualised progression of systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was not associated with future cardiovascular disease risk. In secondary analysis, average systolic blood pressure (HR 1.20 95% CI 1.11 to 1.29) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.16) were related to a greater, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.97) was related to a lower risk of future cardiovascular disease events. Conclusion Averaged measurements of systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol displayed significant linear relationships with the risk of future cardiovascular disease events. However, there was no clear association between the annualised progression of these conventional risk factors in individuals with the risk of future clinical endpoints.

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  • 25.
    Baldanzi, Gabriel
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Hammar, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Fall, Tove
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Lindberg, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Elmståhl, Sölve
    Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Lund University, Sweden; CRC, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
    Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Evening chronotype is associated with elevated biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in the EpiHealth cohort: a cross-sectional study2022In: Sleep, ISSN 0161-8105, E-ISSN 1550-9109, Vol. 45, no 2, article id zsab226Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Study objectives: Individuals with evening chronotype have a higher risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In a population- based cohort, we aimed to investigate the association between chronotype and 242 circulating proteins from three panels of established or candidate biomarkers of cardiometabolic processes. 

    Methods: In 2,471 participants (49.7% men, mean age 61.2±8.4 SD years) from the EpiHealth cohort, circulating proteins were analyzed with a multiplex proximity extension technique. Participants self- reported their chronotype on a five-level scale from extreme morning to extreme evening chronotype. With the intermediate chronotype set as the reference, each protein was added as the dependent variable in a series of linear regression models adjusted for confounders. Next, the chronotype coefficients were jointly tested and the resulting p-values adjusted for multiple testing using false discovery rate (5%). For the associations identified, we then analyzed the marginal effect of each chronotype category. 

    Results: We identified 17 proteins associated with chronotype. Evening chronotype was positively associated with proteins previously linked to insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk, namely retinoic acid receptor protein 2, fatty acid-binding protein adipocyte, tissue-type plasminogen activator, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1). Additionally, PAI-1 was inversely associated with the extreme morning chronotype. 

    Conclusions: In this population-based study, proteins previously related with cardiometabolic risk were elevated in the evening chronotypes. These results may guide future research in the relation between chronotype and cardiometabolic disorders. 

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  • 26.
    Baldanzi, Gabriel
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Sayols-Baixeras, Sergi
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Ekblom-Bak, Elin
    Ekblom, Örjan
    Dekkers, Koen F.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Hammar, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Nguyen, Diem
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Ahmad, Shafqat
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Preventive Medicine Division, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
    Ericson, Ulrika
    Arvidsson, Daniel
    Börjesson, Mats
    Johansson, Peter J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Smith, J. Gustav
    Bergström, Göran
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Engström, Gunnar
    Ärnlöv, Johan
    Kennedy, Beatrice
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Orho-Melander, Marju
    Fall, Tove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Accelerometer-based physical activity is associated with the gut microbiota in 8416 individuals in SCAPIS2024In: EBioMedicine, E-ISSN 2352-3964, Vol. 100, article id 104989Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Previous population-based studies investigating the relationship between physical activity and the gut microbiota have relied on self-reported activity, prone to reporting bias. Here, we investigated the associations of accelerometer-based sedentary (SED), moderate-intensity (MPA), and vigorous-intensity (VPA) physical activity with the gut microbiota using cross-sectional data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study.

    Methods

    In 8416 participants aged 50–65, time in SED, MPA, and VPA were estimated with hip-worn accelerometer. Gut microbiota was profiled using shotgun metagenomics of faecal samples. We applied multivariable regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and technical covariates, and accounted for multiple testing.

    Findings

    Overall, associations between time in SED and microbiota species abundance were in opposite direction to those for MPA or VPA. For example, MPA was associated with lower, while SED with higher abundance of Escherichia coli. MPA and VPA were associated with higher abundance of the butyrate-producers Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia spp. We observed discrepancies between specific VPA and MPA associations, such as a positive association between MPA and Prevotella copri, while no association was detected for VPA. Additionally, SED, MPA and VPA were associated with the functional potential of the microbiome. For instance, MPA was associated with higher capacity for acetate synthesis and SED with lower carbohydrate degradation capacity.

    Interpretation

    Our findings suggest that sedentary and physical activity are associated with a similar set of gut microbiota species but in opposite directions. Furthermore, the intensity of physical activity may have specific effects on certain gut microbiota species.

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    Accelerometer-based physical activity is associated with the gut microbiota in 8416 individuals in SCAPIS
  • 27.
    Baldanzi, Gabriel
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Sayols-Baixeras, Sergi
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
    Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Dekkers, Koen F.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Hammar, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Nguyen, Diem
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Lin, Yi-Ting
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan.
    Ahmad, Shafqat
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Preventive Medicine Division, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA.
    Bak Holm, Jacob
    Nielsen, Henrik Bjørn
    Brunkwall, Louise
    Benedict, Christian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Cedernaes, Jonathan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Transplantation and regenerative medicine. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Koskiniemi, Sanna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Immunology.
    Phillipson, Mia
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Integrative Physiology.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology. The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
    Bergström, Göran
    Engström, Gunnar
    Smith, J. Gustav
    Orho-Melander, Marju
    Ärnlöv, Johan
    Kennedy, Beatrice
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Lindberg, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Fall, Tove
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    OSA Is Associated With the Human Gut Microbiota Composition and Functional Potential in the Population-Based Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study2023In: Chest, ISSN 0012-3692, E-ISSN 1931-3543, Vol. 164, no 2, p. 503-516Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-breathing disorder linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Intermittent hypoxia and intermittent airway obstruction, hallmarks of OSA, have been shown in animal models to induce substantial changes to the gut microbiota composition and subsequent transplantation of fecal matter to other animals induced changes in blood pressure and glucose metabolism.

    RESEARCH QUESTION: Does obstructive sleep apnea in adults associate with the composition and metabolic potential of the human gut microbiota?

    STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We used respiratory polygraphy data from up to 3,570 individuals aged 50-64 from the population-based Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study combined with deep shotgun metagenomics of fecal samples to identify cross-sectional associations between three OSA parameters covering apneas and hypopneas, cumulative sleep time in hypoxia and number of oxygen desaturation events with gut microbiota composition. Data collection about potential confounders was based on questionnaires, on-site anthropometric measurements, plasma metabolomics, and linkage with the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register.

    RESULTS: We found that all three OSA parameters were associated with lower diversity of species in the gut. Further, the OSA-related hypoxia parameters were in multivariable-adjusted analysis associated with the relative abundance of 128 gut bacterial species, including higher abundance of Blautia obeum and Collinsela aerofaciens. The latter species was also independently associated with increased systolic blood pressure. Further, the cumulative time in hypoxia during sleep was associated with the abundance of genes involved in nine gut microbiota metabolic pathways, including propionate production from lactate. Lastly, we observed two heterogeneous sets of plasma metabolites with opposite association with species positively and negatively associated with hypoxia parameters, respectively.

    INTERPRETATION: OSA-related hypoxia, but not the number of apneas/hypopneas, is associated with specific gut microbiota species and functions. Our findings lay the foundation for future research on the gut microbiota-mediated health effects of OSA.

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  • 28.
    Balliu, Brunilda
    et al.
    Stanford Univ, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Durrant, Matthew
    Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    de Goede, Olivia
    Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Abell, Nathan
    Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Li, Xin
    Stanford Univ, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Liu, Boxiang
    Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Gloudemans, Michael J.
    Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Cook, Naomi L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Smith, Kevin S.
    Stanford Univ, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Knowles, David A.
    New York Genome Ctr, New York, NY USA.
    Pala, Mauro
    Univ Sassari, Dipartimento Sci Biomed, Sassari, Italy.
    Cucca, Francesco
    Univ Sassari, Dipartimento Sci Biomed, Sassari, Italy.
    Schlessinger, David
    NIA, Lab Genet, Bethesda, MD USA.
    Jaiswal, Siddhartha
    Stanford Univ, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Sabatti, Chiara
    Stanford Univ, Dept Biomed Data Sci, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiovasc Med, Dep Med, Stanford, CA USA; Stanford Univ, Stanford Cardiovasc Inst, Stanford, CA USA; Stanford Univ, Stanford Diabet Res Ctr, Stanford, CA USA.
    Montgomery, Stephen B.
    Stanford Univ, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA; Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA.
    Genetic regulation of gene expression and splicing during a 10-year period of human aging2019In: Genome Biology, ISSN 1465-6906, E-ISSN 1474-760X, Vol. 20, no 1, article id 230Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Molecular and cellular changes are intrinsic to aging and age-related diseases. Prior cross-sectional studies have investigated the combined effects of age and genetics on gene expression and alternative splicing; however, there has been no long-term, longitudinal characterization of these molecular changes, especially in older age.

    Results: We perform RNA sequencing in whole blood from the same individuals at ages 70 and 80 to quantify how gene expression, alternative splicing, and their genetic regulation are altered during this 10-year period of advanced aging at a population and individual level. We observe that individuals are more similar to their own expression profiles later in life than profiles of other individuals their own age. We identify 1291 and 294 genes differentially expressed and alternatively spliced with age, as well as 529 genes with outlying individual trajectories. Further, we observe a strong correlation of genetic effects on expression and splicing between the two ages, with a small subset of tested genes showing a reduction in genetic associations with expression and splicing in older age.

    Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that, although the transcriptome and its genetic regulation is mostly stable late in life, a small subset of genes is dynamic and is characterized by a reduction in genetic regulation, most likely due to increasing environmental variance with age.

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  • 29.
    Bao, Xue
    et al.
    Tianjin Med Univ, Nutr Epidemiol Inst, Tianjin, Peoples R China;Tianjin Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Tianjin, Peoples R China;Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, CRC, Jan Waldenstroms Gata 35,Hus 60 Plan 13, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden.
    Borne, Yan
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, CRC, Jan Waldenstroms Gata 35,Hus 60 Plan 13, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden.
    Muhammad, Iram Faqir
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, CRC, Jan Waldenstroms Gata 35,Hus 60 Plan 13, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden.
    Nilsson, Jan
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, CRC, Jan Waldenstroms Gata 35,Hus 60 Plan 13, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Melander, Olle
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, CRC, Jan Waldenstroms Gata 35,Hus 60 Plan 13, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden.
    Niu, Kaijun
    Tianjin Med Univ, Nutr Epidemiol Inst, Tianjin, Peoples R China;Tianjin Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Tianjin, Peoples R China.
    Orho-Melander, Marju
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, CRC, Jan Waldenstroms Gata 35,Hus 60 Plan 13, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden.
    Engström, Gunnar
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, CRC, Jan Waldenstroms Gata 35,Hus 60 Plan 13, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden.
    Growth differentiation factor 15 is positively associated with incidence of diabetes mellitus: the Malmö Diet and Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort2019In: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 62, no 1, p. 78-86Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims/hypothesis: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine of the transforming growth factor- superfamily. Circulating levels of GDF-15 are associated with hyperglycaemia among people with obesity or diabetes, but longitudinal evidence on the association between GDF-15 levels and diabetes risk is scarce. Our aim was to explore whether circulating levels of GDF-15 at baseline are positively associated with future diabetes incidence in a middle-aged urban population.

    Methods: Between 1991 and 1994, baseline fasting plasma GDF-15 levels were measured in 4360 individuals without diabetes (mean age 57.45.96years, 38.6% men) who were participants in the Malmo Diet and Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort. After a follow-up of 19.05.16years (mean +/- SD), Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used for the study of the relationship between baseline GDF-15 and incident diabetes, with adjustment for established confounders. A sensitivity analysis included further adjustment for levels of C-reactive protein (CRP).

    Results: During the follow-up period, 621 individuals developed diabetes. The multivariate-adjusted HR for diabetes incidence was 1.43 (95% CI 1.11, 1.83; p for trend = 0.007) for the fourth compared with the first quartile of GDF-15, and was 1.17 (95% CI 1.07, 1.28; p<0.001) per SD increase of GDF-15. If participants were grouped according to baseline fasting glucose, the association between GDF-15 and diabetes risk was only evident in the group without impaired fasting glucose (n=3973). The association tended to be less significant with increasing age: multivariate-adjusted HRs for diabetes per SD increase of GDF-15 were 1.24 (95% CI 1.08, 1.42), 1.19 (95% CI 1.00, 1.41) and 1.04 (95% CI 0.89, 1.23) for participants aged 55, 56-60 (>55 and 60) and >60years, respectively. With adjustment for levels of CRP, the HR per SD increase of GDF-15 (1.21, 95% CI 1.09, 1.35) was significant (p=0.015), but the HR for the fourth compared with the first quartile of GDF-15 was not significant (HR 1.30; 95% CI 1.01, 1.67; p for trend = 0.061).

    Conclusions/interpretation: GDF-15 may be useful for identification of people with a risk of incident diabetes, especially if those people are 60years old.

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  • 30.
    Bao, Xue
    et al.
    Nanjing Univ, Nanjing Drum Tower Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Affiliated Hosp,Med Sch, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.;Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Malmö, Sweden..
    Xu, Biao
    Nanjing Univ, Nanjing Drum Tower Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Affiliated Hosp,Med Sch, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China..
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Engström, Gunnar
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Malmö, Sweden..
    Carotid ultrasound and systematic coronary risk assessment 2 in the prediction of cardiovascular events2023In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, ISSN 2047-4873, E-ISSN 2047-4881, Vol. 30, no 10, p. 1007-1014Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims

    Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis adds predictive value to traditional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Systematic Coronary Risk Assessment 2 (SCORE2), an algorithm composed of traditional risk factors, is a state-of-the-art to estimate the 10-year risk of first-onset CVDs. We aim to investigate whether and how subclinical carotid atherosclerosis affects the performance of SCORE2.

    Methods and results

    Carotid plaque presence and intima media thickness (IMT) were measured with ultrasound. The SCORE2 was calculated in 4588 non-diabetic participants aged 46–68 years. The incremental value for predicting CVD events of adding carotid plaque or IMT to SCORE2 was evaluated using C-statistics, continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). The predicted 10-year CVD risk by SCORE2 and the observed event rate were compared between participants with and without carotid plaque. Adding plaque or IMT to SCORE2 significantly improved performance for predicting CVDs. The improvements in C-statistics, IDI, and NRI of adding plaque to SCORE2 for events occurring during the first 10 years were 2.20%, 0.70%, and 46.1%, respectively (all P < 0.0001). The SCORE2 over-predicted the 10-year CVD risk in those without carotid plaque (3.93% observed vs. 5.89% predicted, P < 0.0001) while under-predicted the risk in those with carotid plaque (9.69% observed vs. 8.12% predicted, P = 0.043).

    Conclusion

    Carotid ultrasound adds predictive performance to SCORE2 for assessment of CVD risk. Using SCORE2 without considering carotid atherosclerosis could under- or over-estimate the risk.

  • 31.
    Barbu, Andreea
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology.
    Hamad, Osama A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Ekdahl, Kristina Nilsson
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology.
    Nilsson, Bo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology.
    The role of complement factor C3 in lipid metabolism2015In: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 67, no 1, p. 101-107Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Abundant reports have shown that there is a strong relationship between C3 and C3a-desArg levels, adipose tissue, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. The data indicate that complement components, particularly C3, are involved in lipid metabolism. The C3 fragment, C3a-desArg, functions as a hormone that has insulin-like effects and facilitates triglyceride metabolism. Adipose tissue produces and regulates the levels of complement components, which promotes generation of inflammatory initiators such as the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a. The anaphylatoxins trigger a cyto/chemokine response in proportion to the amount of adipose tissue present, and induce inflammation and mediate metabolic effects such as insulin resistance. These observations support the concept that complement is an important participant in lipid metabolism and in obesity, contributing to the metabolic syndrome and to the low-grade inflammation associated with obesity.

  • 32.
    Beijer, Kristina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Organismal Biology, Environmental toxicology.
    Lampa, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Nilsson, Peter M.
    SUS Malmo, Dept Clin Sci, Malmo, Sweden..
    Elmstahl, Solve
    Lund Univ, Div Geriatr Med, Dept Hlth Sci, Malmo Univ Hosp, Malmo, Sweden..
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Interaction between physical activity and television time on blood pressure level: cross-sectional data from 45000 individuals2018In: Journal of Hypertension, ISSN 0263-6352, E-ISSN 1473-5598, Vol. 36, no 5, p. 1041-1050Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives:The aim was to investigate if there is an interaction between sitting time and leisure time physical activity on blood pressure and if there are age differences and sex differences in this respect.

    Methods:Linear regression analysis on cross-sectional data was performed in more than 45000 men and women from two Swedish cohort studies, EpiHealth (45-75 years) and LifeGene (18-45 years). Self-reported leisure time physical activity was given in five levels from low (level 1) to vigorous physical activity (level 5) and television time was used as a proxy measure of sitting time.

    Results:High physical activity was associated with lower DBP (P=0.001), but not SBP. Active middle-aged men had lower DBP (-1.1mmHg; 95% CI -1.7 to -0.4) compared with inactive participants. Prolonged television time was associated with higher SBP (P<0.001) and DBP (P=0.011) in both sexes and in most age groups. Watching 3h instead of 1h television per day was associated with higher SBP in middle-aged women (SBP: 1.1mmHg; 95% CI 0.7-1.4) and men (SBP: 1.2mmHg; 95% CI 0.8-1.6). Only in young men, a high physical activity (level 4 instead of level 1) could compensate for a prolonged television time (3h per day) in terms of DBP.

    Conclusion:Prolonged television time was associated with higher SBP and DBP in both sexes and at most ages, whereas an increased physical activity was mainly associated with a lower DBP. Only in young men, a high physical activity could compensate for prolonged television time regarding DBP.

  • 33.
    Beijer, Kristina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Lampa, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Nilsson, Peter M.
    SUS Malmö, Dept Clin Sci, Malmö, Sweden.
    Elmståhl, Sölve
    Lund Univ, Malmö Univ Hosp, Dept Hlth Sci, Div Geriatr Med, Malmö, Sweden.
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Physical activity may compensate for prolonged TV time regarding pulse rate-a cross-sectional study2018In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, E-ISSN 2000-1967, Vol. 123, no 4, p. 247-254Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Regular exercise reduces pulse rate, but it is less clear how prolonged sitting time affects pulse rate. Our hypothesis was that high physical activity could compensate for prolonged sitting time regarding the pulse rate.

    Methods: Regression analysis was performed on cross-sectional data including 47,457 men and women based on two Swedish cohort studies, EpiHealth (18–45 years) and LifeGene (45–75 years). Self-reported leisure time physical activity was given in five levels, from low (level 1) to vigorous (level 5), and television time was used as a proxy of sitting time.

    Results: A higher physical activity (level 4 compared to level 1) was associated with a lower pulse rate in middle-aged females (-2.7 beats per minute [bpm]; 95% CI -3.3 to -2.2) and males (-4.0 bpm; 95% CI -4.7 to -3.4). The relationship between physical activity and pulse rate was strongest in the young. A prolonged television time (3 h compared to 1 h per day) was associated with a slightly higher pulse rate in middle-aged females (+0.6 bpm; 95% CI +0.3 to +0.8) and males (+0.9 bpm; 95% CI +0.7 to +1.2). Among participants with a prolonged television time (3 h), those with a high physical activity (level 4) had a lower pulse rate compared to those with a low physical activity (level 1).

    Conclusions: A prolonged television time was associated with a high pulse rate, while high physical activity was associated with a low pulse rate. The results suggest that a high physical activity could compensate for a prolonged television time regarding pulse rate.

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  • 34.
    Beijer, Kristina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Nowak, Christoph
    Karolinska Inst, Div Family Med & Primary Care, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Ärnlöv, Johan
    Karolinska Inst, Div Family Med & Primary Care, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden;Dalarna Univ, Sch Hlth & Social Sci, Falun, Sweden.
    Fall, Tove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    In search of causal pathways in diabetes: a study using proteomics and genotyping data from a cross-sectional study2019In: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 62, no 11, p. 1998-2006Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims/hypothesis: The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is not fully understood. We investigated whether circulating levels of preselected proteins were associated with the outcome 'diabetes' and whether these associations were causal.

    Methods: In 2467 individuals of the population-based, cross-sectional EpiHealth study (45-75 years, 50% women), 249 plasma proteins were analysed by the proximity extension assay technique. DNA was genotyped using the Illumina HumanCoreExome-12 v1.0 BeadChip. Diabetes was defined as taking glucose-lowering treatment or having a fasting plasma glucose of >= 7.0 mmol/l. The associations between proteins and diabetes were assessed using logistic regression. To investigate causal relationships between proteins and diabetes, a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation was performed based on large, genome-wide association studies belonging to the DIAGRAM and MAGIC consortia, and a genome-wide association study in the EpiHealth study.

    Results: Twenty-six proteins were positively associated with diabetes, including cathepsin D, retinal dehydrogenase 1, alpha-l-iduronidase, hydroxyacid oxidase 1 and galectin-4 (top five findings). Three proteins, lipoprotein lipase, IGF-binding protein 2 and paraoxonase 3 (PON-3), were inversely associated with diabetes. Fourteen of the proteins are novel discoveries. The Mendelian randomisation study did not disclose any significant causal effects between the proteins and diabetes in either direction that were consistent with the relationships found between the protein levels and diabetes.

    Conclusions/interpretation: The 29 proteins associated with diabetes are involved in several physiological pathways, but given the power of the study no causal link was identified for those proteins tested in Mendelian randomisation. Therefore, the identified proteins are likely to be biomarkers for type 2 diabetes, rather than representing causal pathways.

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  • 35.
    Beijer, Kristina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala Univ, Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Arnlöv, J.
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Fall, Tove
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology.
    Ingelsson, E.
    Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    A targeted proteomic profile of prevalent diabetes in a population-based sample2018In: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 61, p. S252-S252Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 36.
    Benedict, Christian
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Axelsson, Tomas
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine.
    Söderberg, Stefan
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Biochemial structure and function.
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Schiöth, Helgi B
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is linked to higher plasma levels of the hunger hormone ghrelin and lower serum levels of the satiety hormone leptin in older adults2014In: Diabetes, ISSN 0012-1797, E-ISSN 1939-327X, Vol. 63, no 11, p. 3955-3959Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The mechanisms through which common polymorphisms in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) drive the development of obesity in humans are poorly understood. By using C: ross-sectional data from 985 elderly (50% females) who participated at age 70 years in the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors, circulating levels of ghrelin and leptin were measured after an overnight fast. In addition, subjects were genotyped for FTO rs17817449 (AA, n=345 (35%); AC/CA, n=481 (48.8%); CC, n=159 (16.1%). Linear regression analyses controlling for sex, self-reported physical activity level, fasting plasma glucose, and body mass index were utilized. A positive relationship between the number of FTO C risk alleles and plasma ghrelin levels was found (P=0.005; relative plasma ghrelin difference between CC and AA carriers = ∼9%). In contrast, serum levels of the satiety enhancing hormone leptin were inversely linked to the number of FTO C risk alleles (P=0.001; relative serum leptin difference between CC and AA carriers = ∼11%). These associations were also found when controlling for waist circumference. The present findings suggest that FTO may facilitate weight gain in humans by shifting the endocrine balance from the satiety hormone leptin toward the hunger promoting hormone ghrelin.

  • 37.
    Benedict, Christian
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Brooks, Samantha J
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Kullberg, Joel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Burgos, Jonathan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Kempton, Matthew J
    Nordenskjöld, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Nylander, Ruta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Kilander, Lena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Craft, Suzanne
    Larsson, Elna-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Johansson, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Ahlström, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Schiöth, Helgi B
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Impaired Insulin Sensitivity as Indexed by the HOMA Score Is Associated With Deficits in Verbal Fluency and Temporal Lobe Gray Matter Volume in the Elderly2012In: Diabetes Care, ISSN 0149-5992, E-ISSN 1935-5548, Vol. 35, no 3, p. 488-494Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE

    Impaired insulin sensitivity is linked to cognitive deficits and reduced brain size. However, it is not yet known whether insulin sensitivity involves regional changes in gray matter volume. Against this background, we examined the association between insulin sensitivity, cognitive performance, and regional gray matter volume in 285 cognitively healthy elderly men and women aged 75 years from the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study.

    RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

    Insulin sensitivity was calculated from fasting serum insulin and plasma glucose determinations using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) method. Cognitive performance was examined by a categorical verbal fluency. Participants also underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan. Multivariate analysis using linear regression was conducted, controlling for potential confounders (sex, education, serum LDL cholesterol, mean arterial blood pressure, and abdominal visceral fat volume).

    RESULTS

    The HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with verbal fluency performance, brain size (S1), and temporal lobe gray matter volume in regions known to be involved in speech production (Brodmann areas 21 and 22, respectively). No such effects were observed when examining diabetic (n = 55) and cognitively impaired (n = 27) elderly subjects as separate analyses.

    CONCLUSIONS

    These cross-sectional findings suggest that both pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions improving insulin signaling may promote brain health in late life but must be confirmed in patient studies.

  • 38.
    Benedict, Christian
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Brooks, Samantha J
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Kullberg, Joel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Nordenskjöld, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Burgos, Jonathan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Le Grevès, Madeleine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Kilander, Lena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Larsson, Elna-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Johansson, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Ahlström, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Schiöth, Helgi B
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Association between physical activity and brain health in older adults2013In: Neurobiology of Aging, ISSN 0197-4580, E-ISSN 1558-1497, Vol. 34, no 1, p. 83-90Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the present cross-sectional study, we examined physical activity (PA) and its possible association with cognitive skills and brain structure in 331 cognitively healthy elderly. Based on the number of self-reported light and hard activities for at least 30 minutes per week, participants were assigned to 4 groups representing different levels of PA. The cognitive skills were assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination score, a verbal fluency task, and the Trail-making test as a measure of visuospatial orientation ability. Participants also underwent a magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Multiple regression analysis revealed that greater PA was associated with a shorter time to complete the Trail-making test, and higher levels of verbal fluency. Further, the level of self-reported PA was positively correlated with brain volume, white matter, as well as a parietal lobe gray matter volume, situated bilaterally at the precuneus. These present cross-sectional results indicate that PA is a lifestyle factor that is linked to brain structure and function in late life.

  • 39.
    Benedict, Christian
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Byberg, Liisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Cedernaes, Jonathan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Hogenkamp, Pleunie S
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Giedratis, Vilmantas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Kilander, Lena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Lind, Lars
    Lannfelt, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Schiöth, Helgi B
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology.
    Self-reported sleep disturbance is associated with Alzheimer's disease risk in men2015In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 11, no 9, p. 1090-1097Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To study the association between self-reported sleep disturbances and dementia risk.

    METHODS: Self-reported sleep disturbances and established risk factors for dementia were measured in men at ages 50 (n = 1574) and 70 (n = 1029) years. Dementia incidence was determined by reviewing their patient history between ages 50 and 90 years. In addition, plasma levels of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides 1-40 and 1-42 were measured at ages 70, 77, and 82 years.

    RESULTS: Cox regression demonstrated that men with self-reported sleep disturbances had a higher risk of developing dementia (+33%) and Alzheimer's disease (AD, +51%) than men without self-reported sleep disturbances (both P < .05). Binary logistic regression showed the increased risk for both dementia (+114%) and AD (+192%) were highest when sleep disturbance was reported at age 70 years (both P < .001). No group differences were found in Aβ levels.

    CONCLUSION: Improving sleep quality may help reduce the neurodegenerative risk in older men.

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  • 40.
    Bergstrom, Goran
    et al.
    Sahlgrens Acad, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Reg Vastra Gotaland, Dept Clin Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Persson, Margaretha
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Malmö, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Malmö, Sweden..
    Adiels, Martin
    Univ Gothenburg, Inst Med, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Bjornson, Elias
    Sahlgrens Acad, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Bonander, Carl
    Univ Gothenburg, Inst Med, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Ahlström, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Alfredsson, Joakim
    Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden..
    Angeras, Oskar
    Sahlgrens Acad, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Reg Vastra Gotaland, Dept Cardiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Berglund, Goran
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Malmö, Sweden..
    Blomberg, Anders
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med Med, Umeå, Sweden.;Umeå Univ, Heart Ctr, Umeå, Sweden..
    Brandberg, John
    Sahlgrens Acad, Dept Radiol, Inst Clin Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Reg Vastra Gotaland, Dept Radiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Borjesson, Mats
    Sahlgrens Acad, Inst Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Ctr Hlth & Performance, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Cederlund, Kerstin
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    de Faire, Ulf
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Cardiovasc & Nutr Epidemiol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Duvernoy, Olov
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology. Olov.Duvernoy@radiol.uu.se.
    Ekblom, Orjan
    Swedish Sch Sport & Hlth Sci GIH, Dept Phys Act & Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Engstrom, Gunnar
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Malmö, Sweden..
    Engvall, Jan E.
    Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Clin Physiol, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, CMIV, Ctr Med Image Sci & Visualizat, Linköping, Sweden..
    Fagman, Erika
    Sahlgrens Acad, Dept Radiol, Inst Clin Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Reg Vastra Gotaland, Dept Radiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Eriksson, Mats
    Karolinska Univ Hosp Huddinge, Dept Endocrinol Metab & Diabet, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Univ Hosp Huddinge, Clin Res Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Erlinge, David
    Lund Univ, Cardiol, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Lund, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, Lund, Sweden..
    Fagerberg, Bjorn
    Sahlgrens Acad, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Flinck, Agneta
    Sahlgrens Acad, Dept Radiol, Inst Clin Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Reg Vastra Gotaland, Dept Radiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Goncalves, Isabel
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Malmö, Lund, Sweden..
    Hagström, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Hjelmgren, Ola
    Sahlgrens Acad, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Reg Vastra Gotaland, Dept Clin Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Lindberg, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Lindqvist, Per
    Umeå Univ, Dept Surg & Perioperat Sci, Umeå, Sweden..
    Ljungberg, Johan
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med Med, Umeå, Sweden.;Umeå Univ, Heart Ctr, Umeå, Sweden..
    Magnusson, Martin
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Malmö, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Malmö, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Wallenberg Ctr Mol Med, Lund, Sweden.;North West Univ, Hypertens Africa Res Team HART, Potchefstroom, South Africa..
    Mannila, Maria
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol & Clin Genet, Heart & Vasc Theme, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Markstad, Hanna
    Lund Univ, Clin Sci Malmö, Clin Res Ctr, Expt Cardiovasc Res, Malmö, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Ctr Med Imaging & Physiol, Lund, Sweden..
    Mohammad, Moman A.
    Lund Univ, Cardiol, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Lund, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, Lund, Sweden..
    Nystrom, Fredrik H.
    Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden..
    Ostenfeld, Ellen
    Skane Univ Hosp, Lund, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Clin Physiol, Lund, Sweden..
    Persson, Anders
    Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Radiol, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, CMIV, Ctr Med Image Sci & Visualizat, Linköping, Sweden..
    Rosengren, Annika
    Sahlgrens Acad, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Sandstrom, Anette
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med Med, Umeå, Sweden.;Umeå Univ, Heart Ctr, Umeå, Sweden..
    Sjalander, Anders
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med Med, Umeå, Sweden.;Umeå Univ, Heart Ctr, Umeå, Sweden..
    Skold, Magnus C.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Resp Med Unit, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Univ Hosp Solna, Dept Resp Med & Allergy, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology. Univ New South Wales, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Swahn, Eva
    Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden..
    Soderberg, Stefan
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med Med, Umeå, Sweden.;Umeå Univ, Heart Ctr, Umeå, Sweden..
    Toren, Kjell
    Univ Gothenburg, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Occupat & Environm Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Ostgren, Carl Johan
    Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, CMIV, Ctr Med Image Sci & Visualizat, Linköping, Sweden..
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in the General Population2021In: Circulation, ISSN 0009-7322, E-ISSN 1524-4539, Vol. 144, no 12, p. 916-929Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Early detection of coronary atherosclerosis using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), in addition to coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring, may help inform prevention strategies. We used CCTA to determine the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis and its association with CAC scores in a general population. Methods: We recruited 30 154 randomly invited individuals age 50 to 64 years to SCAPIS (the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). The study includes individuals without known coronary heart disease (ie, no previous myocardial infarctions or cardiac procedures) and with high-quality results from CCTA and CAC imaging performed using dedicated dual-source CT scanners. Noncontrast images were scored for CAC. CCTA images were visually read and scored for coronary atherosclerosis per segment (defined as no atherosclerosis, 1% to 49% stenosis, or >= 50% stenosis). External validity of prevalence estimates was evaluated using inverse probability for participation weighting and Swedish register data. Results: In total, 25 182 individuals without known coronary heart disease were included (50.6% women). Any CCTA-detected atherosclerosis was found in 42.1%; any significant stenosis (>= 50%) in 5.2%; left main, proximal left anterior descending artery, or 3-vessel disease in 1.9%; and any noncalcified plaques in 8.3% of this population. Onset of atherosclerosis was delayed on average by 10 years in women. Atherosclerosis was more prevalent in older individuals and predominantly found in the proximal left anterior descending artery. Prevalence of CCTA-detected atherosclerosis increased with increasing CAC scores. Among those with a CAC score >400, all had atherosclerosis and 45.7% had significant stenosis. In those with 0 CAC, 5.5% had atherosclerosis and 0.4% had significant stenosis. In participants with 0 CAC and intermediate 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease according to the pooled cohort equation, 9.2% had CCTA-verified atherosclerosis. Prevalence estimates had excellent external validity and changed marginally when adjusted to the age-matched Swedish background population. Conclusions: Using CCTA in a large, random sample of the general population without established disease, we showed that silent coronary atherosclerosis is common in this population. High CAC scores convey a significant probability of substantial stenosis, and 0 CAC does not exclude atherosclerosis, particularly in those at higher baseline risk.

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  • 41.
    Bergstrom, Goran
    et al.
    Univ Gothenburg, Inst Med, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Clin Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Rosengren, Annika
    Univ Gothenburg, Inst Med, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp Ostra Hosp, Dept Med Geriatr & Emergency Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Brolin, Elin Bacsovics
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, Stockholm, Sweden.;Capio St Goran Hosp, Dept Radiol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Brandberg, John
    Univ Gothenburg, Inst Clin Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Radiol, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Radiol, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Cederlund, Kerstin
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Engstrom, Gunnar
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Malmö, Malmö, Sweden..
    Engvall, Jan E.
    Linköping Univ, Ctr Med Image Sci & Visualizat, CMIV, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Clin Physiol, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden..
    Eriksson, Maria J.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Physiol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Goncalves, Isabel
    Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Malmö, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Malmö, Cardiovasc Res Translat Studies, Malmö, Sweden..
    Hagström, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR).
    James, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR).
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lilja, Mikael
    Umeå Univ, Östersund Hosp, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Unit Res Educ & Dev, Umeå, Sweden..
    Magnusson, Martin
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Malmö, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Wallenberg Ctr Mol Med, Lund, Sweden.;North West Univ, Hypertens Africa Res Team HART, Potchefstroom, South Africa..
    Persson, Anders
    Linköping Univ, Ctr Med Image Sci & Visualizat, CMIV, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Radiol, Linköping, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Huddinge Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Persson, Margaretha
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.;Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Malmö, Sweden..
    Sandstrom, Anette
    Umeå Univ, Heart Ctr, Umeå, Sweden.;Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Umeå, Sweden..
    Schmidt, Caroline
    Univ Gothenburg, Inst Med, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Larsson, Linn Skoglund
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Umeå, Sweden..
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Univ New South Wales, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, Australia..
    Swahn, Eva
    Linköping Univ, Dept Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Cardiol, Linköping, Sweden..
    Soderberg, Stefan
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Umeå, Sweden..
    Toren, Kjell
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Inst Med,Sect Occupat & Environm Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Ostgren, Carl Johan
    Linköping Univ, Ctr Med Image Sci & Visualizat, CMIV, Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Hlth Med & Caring Sci, Linköping, Sweden..
    Lampa, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR). Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Body weight at age 20 and in midlife is more important than weight gain for coronary atherosclerosis: Results from SCAPIS2023In: Atherosclerosis, ISSN 0021-9150, E-ISSN 1879-1484, Vol. 373, p. 46-54Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and aims: Elevated body weight in adolescence is associated with early cardiovascular disease, but whether this association is traceable to weight in early adulthood, weight in midlife or to weight gain is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of midlife coronary atherosclerosis being associated with body weight at age 20, body weight in midlife and body weight change.

    Methods: We used data from 25,181 participants with no previous myocardial infarction or cardiac procedure in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS, mean age 57 years, 51% women). Data on coronary atherosclerosis, self-reported body weight at age 20 and measured midlife weight were recorded together with potential confounders and mediators. Coronary atherosclerosis was assessed using coronary computed tomog-raphy angiography (CCTA) and expressed as segment involvement score (SIS).

    Results: The probability of having coronary atherosclerosis was markedly higher with increasing weight at age 20 and with mid-life weight (p < 0.001 for both sexes). However, weight increase from age 20 until mid-life was only modestly associated with coronary atherosclerosis. The association between weight gain and coronary atherosclerosis was mainly seen in men. However, no significant sex difference could be detected when adjusting for the 10-year delay in disease development in women.

    Conclusions: Similar in men and women, weight at age 20 and weight in midlife are strongly related to coronary atherosclerosis while weight increase from age 20 until midlife is only modestly related to coronary atherosclerosis.

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  • 42. Bergström, G
    et al.
    Berglund, G
    Blomberg, A
    Brandberg, J
    Engström, G
    Engvall, J
    Eriksson, M
    de Faire, U
    Flinck, A
    Hansson, Mats G
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Centre for Research Ethics and Bioethics.
    Hedblad, B
    Hjelmgren, O
    Janson, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Jernberg, T
    Johnsson, Å
    Johansson, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Löfdahl, C-G
    Melander, O
    Östgren, C J
    Persson, A
    Persson, M
    Sandström, A
    Schmidt, C
    Söderberg, S
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Toren, K
    Waldenström, A
    Wedel, H
    Vikgren, J
    Fagerberg, B
    Rosengren, A
    The Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study: objectives and design2015In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 278, no 6, p. 645-659Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cardiopulmonary diseases are major causes of death worldwide, but currently recommended strategies for diagnosis and prevention may be outdated because of recent changes in risk factor patterns. The Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) combines the use of new imaging technologies, advances in large-scale 'omics' and epidemiological analyses to extensively characterize a Swedish cohort of 30 000 men and women aged between 50 and 64 years. The information obtained will be used to improve risk prediction of cardiopulmonary diseases and optimize the ability to study disease mechanisms. A comprehensive pilot study in 1111 individuals, which was completed in 2012, demonstrated the feasibility and financial and ethical consequences of SCAPIS. Recruitment to the national, multicentre study has recently started.

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  • 43. Berndt, Sonja I.
    et al.
    Gustafsson, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Maegi, Reedik
    Ganna, Andrea
    Wheeler, Eleanor
    Feitosa, Mary F.
    Justice, Anne E.
    Monda, Keri L.
    Croteau-Chonka, Damien C.
    Day, Felix R.
    Esko, Tonu
    Fall, Tove
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ferreira, Teresa
    Gentilini, Davide
    Jackson, Anne U.
    Luan, Jian'an
    Randall, Joshua C.
    Vedantam, Sailaja
    Willer, Cristen J.
    Winkler, Thomas W.
    Wood, Andrew R.
    Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie
    Hu, Yi-Juan
    Lee, Sang Hong
    Liang, Liming
    Lin, Dan-Yu
    Min, Josine L.
    Neale, Benjamin M.
    Thorleifsson, Gudmar
    Yang, Jian
    Albrecht, Eva
    Amin, Najaf
    Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L.
    Cadby, Gemma
    den Heijer, Martin
    Eklund, Niina
    Fischer, Krista
    Goel, Anuj
    Hottenga, Jouke-Jan
    Huffman, Jennifer E.
    Jarick, Ivonne
    Johansson, Åsa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Genomics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Johnson, Toby
    Kanoni, Stavroula
    Kleber, Marcus E.
    Koenig, Inke R.
    Kristiansson, Kati
    Kutalik, Zoltn
    Lamina, Claudia
    Lecoeur, Cecile
    Li, Guo
    Mangino, Massimo
    McArdle, Wendy L.
    Medina-Gomez, Carolina
    Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina
    Ngwa, Julius S.
    Nolte, Ilja M.
    Paternoster, Lavinia
    Pechlivanis, Sonali
    Perola, Markus
    Peters, Marjolein J.
    Preuss, Michael
    Rose, Lynda M.
    Shi, Jianxin
    Shungin, Dmitry
    Smith, Albert Vernon
    Strawbridge, Rona J.
    Surakka, Ida
    Teumer, Alexander
    Trip, Mieke D.
    Tyrer, Jonathan
    Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V.
    Vandenput, Liesbeth
    Waite, Lindsay L.
    Zhao, Jing Hua
    Absher, Devin
    Asselbergs, Folkert W.
    Atalay, Mustafa
    Attwood, Antony P.
    Balmforth, Anthony J.
    Basart, Hanneke
    Beilby, John
    Bonnycastle, Lori L.
    Brambilla, Paolo
    Bruinenberg, Marcel
    Campbell, Harry
    Chasman, Daniel I.
    Chines, Peter S.
    Collins, Francis S.
    Connell, John M.
    Cookson, William O.
    de Faire, Ulf
    de Vegt, Femmie
    Dei, Mariano
    Dimitriou, Maria
    Edkins, Sarah
    Estrada, Karol
    Evans, David M.
    Farrall, Martin
    Ferrario, Marco M.
    Ferrieres, Jean
    Franke, Lude
    Frau, Francesca
    Gejman, Pablo V.
    Grallert, Harald
    Groenberg, Henrik
    Gudnason, Vilmundur
    Hall, Alistair S.
    Hall, Per
    Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa
    Hayward, Caroline
    Heard-Costa, Nancy L.
    Heath, Andrew C.
    Hebebrand, Johannes
    Homuth, Georg
    Hu, Frank B.
    Hunt, Sarah E.
    Hyppoenen, Elina
    Iribarren, Carlos
    Jacobs, Kevin B.
    Jansson, John-Olov
    Jula, Antti
    Kahonen, Mika
    Kathiresan, Sekar
    Kee, Frank
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Kivimaki, Mika
    Koenig, Wolfgang
    Kraja, Aldi T.
    Kumari, Meena
    Kuulasmaa, Kari
    Kuusisto, Johanna
    Laitinen, Jaana H.
    Lakka, Timo A.
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Launer, Lenore J.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Lindström, Jaana
    Liu, Jianjun
    Liuzzi, Antonio
    Lokki, Marja-Liisa
    Lorentzon, Mattias
    Madden, Pamela A.
    Magnusson, Patrik K.
    Manunta, Paolo
    Marek, Diana
    März, Winfried
    Leach, Irene Mateo
    McKnight, Barbara
    Medland, Sarah E.
    Mihailov, Evelin
    Milani, Lili
    Montgomery, Grant W.
    Mooser, Vincent
    Muehleisen, Thomas W.
    Munroe, Patricia B.
    Musk, Arthur W.
    Narisu, Narisu
    Navis, Gerjan
    Nicholson, George
    Nohr, Ellen A.
    Ong, Ken K.
    Oostra, Ben A.
    Palmer, Colin N. A.
    Palotie, Aarno
    Peden, John F.
    Pedersen, Nancy
    Peters, Annette
    Polasek, Ozren
    Pouta, Anneli
    Pramstaller, Peter P.
    Prokopenko, Inga
    Puetter, Carolin
    Radhakrishnan, Aparna
    Raitakari, Olli
    Rendon, Augusto
    Rivadeneira, Fernando
    Rudan, Igor
    Saaristo, Timo E.
    Sambrook, Jennifer G.
    Sanders, Alan R.
    Sanna, Serena
    Saramies, Jouko
    Schipf, Sabine
    Schreiber, Stefan
    Schunkert, Heribert
    Shin, So-Youn
    Signorini, Stefano
    Sinisalo, Juha
    Skrobek, Boris
    Soranzo, Nicole
    Stancakova, Alena
    Stark, Klaus
    Stephens, Jonathan C.
    Stirrups, Kathleen
    Stolk, Ronald P.
    Stumvoll, Michael
    Swift, Amy J.
    Theodoraki, Eirini V.
    Thorand, Barbara
    Tregouet, David-Alexandre
    Tremoli, Elena
    Van der Klauw, Melanie M.
    van Meurs, Joyce B. J.
    Vermeulen, Sita H.
    Viikari, Jorma
    Virtamo, Jarmo
    Vitart, Veronique
    Waeber, Gerard
    Wang, Zhaoming
    Widen, Elisabeth
    Wild, Sarah H.
    Willemsen, Gonneke
    Winkelmann, Bernhard R.
    Witteman, Jacqueline C. M.
    Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H. R.
    Wong, Andrew
    Wright, Alan F.
    Zillikens, M. Carola
    Amouyel, Philippe
    Boehm, Bernhard O.
    Boerwinkle, Eric
    Boomsma, Dorret I.
    Caulfield, Mark J.
    Chanock, Stephen J.
    Cupples, L. Adrienne
    Cusi, Daniele
    Dedoussis, George V.
    Erdmann, Jeanette
    Eriksson, Johan G.
    Franks, Paul W.
    Froguel, Philippe
    Gieger, Christian
    Gyllensten, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Genomics.
    Hamsten, Anders
    Harris, Tamara B.
    Hengstenberg, Christian
    Hicks, Andrew A.
    Hingorani, Aroon
    Hinney, Anke
    Hofman, Albert
    Hovingh, Kees G.
    Hveem, Kristian
    Illig, Thomas
    Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta
    Joeckel, Karl-Heinz
    Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M.
    Kiemeney, Lambertus A.
    Kuh, Diana
    Laakso, Markku
    Lehtimaki, Terho
    Levinson, Douglas F.
    Martin, Nicholas G.
    Metspalu, Andres
    Morris, Andrew D.
    Nieminen, Markku S.
    Njolstad, Inger
    Ohlsson, Claes
    Oldehinkel, Albertine J.
    Ouwehand, Willem H.
    Palmer, Lyle J.
    Penninx, Brenda
    Power, Chris
    Province, Michael A.
    Psaty, Bruce M.
    Qi, Lu
    Rauramaa, Rainer
    Ridker, Paul M.
    Ripatti, Samuli
    Salomaa, Veikko
    Samani, Nilesh J.
    Snieder, Harold
    Sorensen, Thorkild I. A.
    Spector, Timothy D.
    Stefansson, Kari
    Tonjes, Anke
    Tuomilehto, Jaakko
    Uitterlinden, Andre G.
    Uusitupa, Matti
    van der Harst, Pim
    Vollenweider, Peter
    Wallaschofski, Henri
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Watkins, Hugh
    Wichmann, H-Erich
    Wilson, James F.
    Abecasis, Goncalo R.
    Assimes, Themistocles L.
    Barroso, Ines
    Boehnke, Michael
    Borecki, Ingrid B.
    Deloukas, Panos
    Fox, Caroline S.
    Frayling, Timothy
    Groop, Leif C.
    Haritunian, Talin
    Heid, Iris M.
    Hunter, David
    Kaplan, Robert C.
    Karpe, Fredrik
    Moffatt, Miriam F.
    Mohlke, Karen L.
    O'Connell, Jeffrey R.
    Pawitan, Yudi
    Schadt, Eric E.
    Schlessinger, David
    Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur
    Strachan, David P.
    Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur
    van Duijn, Cornelia M.
    Visscher, Peter M.
    Di Blasio, Anna Maria
    Hirschhorn, Joel N.
    Lindgren, Cecilia M.
    Morris, Andrew P.
    Meyre, David
    Scherag, Andr
    McCarthy, Mark I.
    Speliotes, Elizabeth K.
    North, Kari E.
    Loos, Ruth J. F.
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
    Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture2013In: Nature Genetics, ISSN 1061-4036, E-ISSN 1546-1718, Vol. 45, no 5, p. 501-U69Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups.

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  • 44.
    Bixby, Honor
    et al.
    Imperial College London, London, UK.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology.
    Lytsy, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Social Medicine.
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Yngve, Agneta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics.
    Ezzati, Majid
    Imperial College London, London, UK.
    Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults2019In: Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, E-ISSN 1476-4687, Vol. 569, no 7755, p. 260-264Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities1,2. This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity3,4,5,6. Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.

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  • 45.
    Björklund, Kristina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Lind, Lars
    Department of Medical Sciences.
    Andren, Bertil
    Department of Medical Sciences.
    Lithell, Hans
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    The majority of nondipping men do not have increased cardiovascular risk: a population-based study.2002In: J Hypertens, ISSN 0263-6352, Vol. 20, no 8, p. 1501-6Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 46.
    Björklund, Kristina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Vessby, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Andrén, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Lithell, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Different metabolic predictors of white-coat and sustained hypertension over a 20-year follow-up period: a population-based study of elderly men2002In: Circulation, ISSN 0009-7322, E-ISSN 1524-4539, Vol. 106, no 1, p. 63-68Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background The clinical significance of white-coat hypertension is still unclear. Moreover, no study has examined metabolic predictors of white-coat versus sustained hypertension.

    Methods and Results We investigated men (n=602) in a longitudinal population-based cohort who at age 70 years were identified as normotensive, white-coat hypertensive (office blood pressure [BP] ≥140/90 and daytime ambulatory BP <135/85 mm Hg), and sustained hypertensive (office BP ≥140/90 and daytime ambulatory BP ≥135/85 mm Hg). At baseline, when the subjects were aged 50 years, blood glucose, insulin, lipids, and fatty acid composition of the serum cholesterol esters were analyzed. The investigations at age 70 years included determination of insulin sensitivity and target organ damage. At age 50 years, individuals who 20 years later were identified as white-coat hypertensive or sustained hypertensive showed significantly elevated BP, heart rate, and impaired glucose tolerance compared with normotensive subjects but white coat hypertensive subjects were leaner and had a more favorable serum cholesterol ester fatty acid profile than did sustained hypertensive subjects. At age 70 years, both white-coat and sustained hypertensive subjects showed an impaired insulin sensitivity, elevated blood glucose, and increased serum insulin and heart rate compared with normotensive subjects, but left ventricular mass and urinary albumin excretion were increased only in sustained hypertensive subjects.

    Conclusions These findings indicate that although metabolic abnormalities and elevated heart rate were consistent over time in both hypertensive groups, a lower body mass index and more favorable dietary fat composition predicted the development of white-coat as opposed to sustained hypertension over 20 years.

  • 47.
    Björklund, Kristina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Zethelius, Björn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Andrén, Bertil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Lithell, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Isolated ambulatory hypertension predicts cardiovascular morbidity in elderly men2003In: Circulation, ISSN 0009-7322, E-ISSN 1524-4539, Vol. 107, no 9, p. 1297-302Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background— Little is known about isolated ambulatory hypertension, a state with elevated ambulatory but normal office blood pressure (BP). This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of isolated ambulatory hypertension for cardiovascular morbidity in a population of elderly men.

    Methods and Results— At baseline, 24-hour ambulatory BP and metabolic and cardiac risk profiles were evaluated in 578 untreated 70-year-old men, participants of a population-based cohort. Subjects with isolated ambulatory hypertension (office BP <140/90 and daytime BP ≥135/85) and sustained hypertension (office BP ≥140/90 and daytime BP ≥135/85) had increased plasma glucose, body mass index, and echocardiographically determined left ventricular relative wall thickness compared with normotensive subjects (office BP <140/90 and daytime BP <135/85). Seventy-two cardiovascular morbid events (2.37 per 100 person-years at risk) occurred over 8.4 years of follow-up. The prognostic value of isolated ambulatory and sustained hypertension was assessed with Cox proportional hazard regression. Multivariate models adjusting for serum cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes demonstrated that both isolated ambulatory hypertension (hazard ratio [HR], 2.77; 95% CI, 1.15 to 6.68) and sustained hypertension (HR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.49 to 5.82) were independent predictors of cardiovascular morbidity. In a multivariate model with continuous BP variables, ambulatory daytime systolic BP (HR for 1 SD increase, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.97) was associated with an adverse outcome independently of office systolic BP.

    Conclusions— In the present study, isolated ambulatory hypertension as well as sustained hypertension predicted cardiovascular morbidity. The findings suggest that 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring may disclose important prognostic information also in subjects characterized as normotensive according to office BP.

  • 48. Björklund, Kristina
    et al.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Zethelius, Björn
    Berglund, Lars
    Lithell, Hans
    Prognostic significance of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure characteristics for cardiovascular morbidity in a population of elderly men.2004In: J Hypertens, ISSN 0263-6352, Vol. 22, no 9, p. 1691-7Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 49. Boggia, Jose
    et al.
    Thijs, Lutgarde
    Li, Yan
    Hansen, Tine W.
    Kikuya, Masahiro
    Bjorklund-Bodegard, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics.
    Ohkubo, Takayoshi
    Jeppesen, Jorgen
    Torp-Pedersen, Christian
    Dolan, Eamon
    Kuznetsova, Tatiana
    Stolarz-Skrzypek, Katarzyna
    Tikhonoff, Valerie
    Malyutina, Sofia
    Casiglia, Edoardo
    Nikitin, Yuri
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Schwedt, Emma
    Sandoya, Edgardo
    Kawecka-Jaszcz, Kalina
    Filipovsky, Jan
    Imai, Yutaka
    Wang, Jiguang
    Ibsen, Hans
    O'Brien, Eoin
    Staessen, Jan A.
    Risk Stratification by 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in 5322 Subjects From 11 Populations2013In: Hypertension, ISSN 0194-911X, E-ISSN 1524-4563, Vol. 61, no 1, p. 18-+Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    No previous study addressed whether in the general population estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR [Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula]) adds to the prediction of cardiovascular outcome over and beyond ambulatory blood pressure. We recorded health outcomes in 5322 subjects (median age, 51.8 years; 43.1% women) randomly recruited from 11 populations, who had baseline measurements of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP(24)) and eGFR. We computed hazard ratios using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. Median follow-up was 9.3 years. In fully adjusted models, which included both ABP(24) and eGFR, ABP(24) predicted (P <= 0.008) both total (513 deaths) and cardiovascular (206) mortality; eGFR only predicted cardiovascular mortality (P=0.012). Furthermore, ABP(24) predicted (P <= 0.0056) fatal combined with nonfatal events as a result of all cardiovascular causes (555 events), cardiac disease (335 events), or stroke (218 events), whereas eGFR only predicted the composite cardiovascular end point and stroke (P <= 0.035). The interaction terms between ABP(24) and eGFR were all nonsignificant (P >= 0.082). For cardiovascular mortality, the composite cardiovascular end point, and stroke, ABP(24) added 0.35%, 1.17%, and 1.00% to the risk already explained by cohort, sex, age, body mass index, smoking and drinking, previous cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and antihypertensive drug treatment. Adding eGFR explained an additional 0.13%, 0.09%, and 0.14%, respectively. Sensitivity analyses stratified for ethnicity, sex, and the presence of hypertension or chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60mL/min per 1.73 m(2)) were confirmatory. In conclusion, in the general population, eGFR predicts fewer end points than ABP(24). Relative to ABP(24), eGFR is as an additive, not a multiplicative, risk factor and refines risk stratification 2-to14-fold less.

  • 50. Bolton, Jennifer L.
    et al.
    Hayward, Caroline
    Direk, Nese
    Lewis, John G.
    Hammond, Geoffrey L.
    Hill, Lesley A.
    Anderson, Anna
    Huffman, Jennifer
    Wilson, James F.
    Campbell, Harry
    Rudan, Igor
    Wright, Alan
    Hastie, Nicholas
    Wild, Sarah H.
    Velders, Fleur P.
    Hofman, Albert
    Uitterlinden, Andre G.
    Lahti, Jari
    Raikkonen, Katri
    Kajantie, Eero
    Widen, Elisabeth
    Palotie, Aarno
    Eriksson, Johan G.
    Kaakinen, Marika
    Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta
    Timpson, Nicholas J.
    Smith, George Davey
    Ring, Susan M.
    Evans, David M.
    St Pourcain, Beate
    Tanaka, Toshiko
    Milaneschi, Yuri
    Bandinelli, Stefania
    Ferrucci, Luigi
    van der Harst, Pim
    Rosmalen, Judith G. M.
    Bakker, Stephen J. L.
    Verweij, Niek
    Dullaart, Robin P. F.
    Mahajan, Anubha
    Lindgren, Cecilia M.
    Morris, Andrew
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology.
    Anderson, Laura N.
    Pennell, Craig E.
    Lye, Stephen J.
    Matthews, Stephen G.
    Eriksson, Joel
    Mellstrom, Dan
    Ohlsson, Claes
    Price, Jackie F.
    Strachan, Mark W. J.
    Reynolds, Rebecca M.
    Tiemeier, Henning
    Walker, Brian R.
    Genome Wide Association Identifies Common Variants at the SERPINA6/SERPINA1 Locus Influencing Plasma Cortisol and Corticosteroid Binding Globulin2014In: PLOS Genetics, ISSN 1553-7390, E-ISSN 1553-7404, Vol. 10, no 7Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Variation in plasma levels of cortisol, an essential hormone in the stress response, is associated in population-based studies with cardio-metabolic, inflammatory and neuro-cognitive traits and diseases. Heritability of plasma cortisol is estimated at 30-60% but no common genetic contribution has been identified. The CORtisol NETwork (CORNET) consortium undertook genome wide association meta-analysis for plasma cortisol in 12,597 Caucasian participants, replicated in 2,795 participants. The results indicate that <1% of variance in plasma cortisol is accounted for by genetic variation in a single region of chromosome 14. This locus spans SERPINA6, encoding corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG, the major cortisol-binding protein in plasma), and SERPINA1, encoding alpha 1-antitrypsin (which inhibits cleavage of the reactive centre loop that releases cortisol from CBG). Three partially independent signals were identified within the region, represented by common SNPs; detailed biochemical investigation in a nested sub-cohort showed all these SNPs were associated with variation in total cortisol binding activity in plasma, but some variants influenced total CBG concentrations while the top hit (rs12589136) influenced the immunoreactivity of the reactive centre loop of CBG. Exome chip and 1000 Genomes imputation analysis of this locus in the CROATIA-Korcula cohort identified missense mutations in SERPINA6 and SERPINA1 that did not account for the effects of common variants. These findings reveal a novel common genetic source of variation in binding of cortisol by CBG, and reinforce the key role of CBG in determining plasma cortisol levels. In turn this genetic variation may contribute to cortisol-associated degenerative diseases.

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