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  • 1. Bar-Joseph, Gad
    et al.
    Kette, Fulvio
    von Planta, Matin
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Acid-base considerations and buffer therapy2007In: Cardiac Arrest.: The science and practice of resuscitation medicine. Second edition, Cambridge University Press , 2007, p. 674-697Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 2.
    Basu, Samar
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.
    Miclescu, Adriana
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Sharma, Hari Shanker
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Propofol mitigates systemic oxidative injury during experimental cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation2011In: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, ISSN 0952-3278, E-ISSN 1532-2823, Vol. 84, no 5-6, p. 123-130Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Effects of propofol, an intravenous anesthetic agent that exerts potent antioxidant properties, were investigated in an experimental model of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. An extended cardiac arrest with 15 randomized piglets was studied to assess the effect of propofol or its solvent intralipid as the control group. Oxidative stress (as measured by a major F(2)-isoprostane) and inflammation (a major metabolite of PGF(2α)) were evaluated in addition to the hemodynamic evaluation, protein S-100β and in situ tissue brain damage by immunochemistry at sacrifice after 3h of reperfusion following cardiac arrest and restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). ROSC increased jugular bulb plasma levels of F(2)-isoprostane and PGF(2α) metabolite significantly more in controls than in the propofol-treated group. In situ tissue damage after ischemia-reperfusion was variable among the pigs at sacrifice, but tended to be greater in the control than the propofol-treated group. Propofol significantly reduced an ROSC-mediated oxidative stress in the brain.

  • 3.
    Basu, Samar
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Nozari, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Liu, X. L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Rubertsson, Sten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Development of a novel biomarker of free radical damage in reperfusion injury after cardiac arrest2000In: FEBS Letters, ISSN 0014-5793, E-ISSN 1873-3468, Vol. 470, no 1, p. 1-6Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In a porcine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), we investigated changes in the plasma levels of 8-iso-PGF(2alpha), a marker for oxidative injury, and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2alpha), an inflammatory response indicator during the post-resuscitation period after cardiac arrest. Twelve piglets were subjected to either 2 or 5 min (VF2 and VF5 group) of ventricular fibrillation (VF) followed by 5 min of closed-chest CPR. Six piglets without cardiac arrest were used as controls. In VF5 group, 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) in the jugular bulb plasma (draining the brain) increased four-fold. Jugular bulb 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) in the control group remained unchanged. The 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2alpha) also increased four-fold in the VF5 group. Thus, 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2alpha) measurements in jugular bulb plasma may be used as biomarkers for quantification of free radical catalyzed oxidative brain injury and inflammatory response in reperfusion injury

  • 4.
    Bergqvist, David
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Vascular Surgery.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    [Caution for prophylaxis of thrombosis in connection with spinalanesthesia. Risk of hemorrhage when low-molecular-weight heparin isadministered in epidural/spinal anesthesia]2000In: Lakartidningen, Vol. 97Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 5.
    Bjerneroth, B
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Li, YC
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Influence of alkaline buffers on cytoplasmatic pH in myocardial cells exposed to hypoxia.1997In: Resuscitation., Vol. 34, p. 71-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 6.
    Bjerneroth, Gunnel
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Li, YC
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Ridefelt, P
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Effect of tris buffer on free cytosolic calcium in myocardial cells.1996In: Crit Care Med., Vol. 24, p. 1713-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Bohlen, S
    et al.
    Department of Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany;.
    Ekwall, Camilla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiotheraphy.
    Hellström, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiotheraphy.
    Vesterlin, H
    Björnefur, M
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Reilmann, R
    Physical therapy in Huntington's disease: towards objective assessments?2013In: European Journal of Neurology, ISSN 1351-5101, E-ISSN 1468-1331, Vol. 20, no 2, p. 389-393Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and purpose

    Physical therapy is recommended for the treatment of Huntington's disease, but reliable studies investigating its efficacy are almost non-existent. This may in part be due to the lack of suitable outcome measures. Therefore, we investigated the applicability of novel quantitative and objective assessments of motor dysfunction in the evaluation of physical therapy interventions aimed at improving gait and posture.

    Methods

    Twelve patients with Huntington disease received a predefined twice-weekly intervention focusing on posture and gait over 6 weeks. The GAITRite mat and a force plate were used for objective and quantitative assessments. The Unified Huntingtons Disease Rating Scale Total Motor Score, the timed Up &Go test, and the Berg Balance Scale were used as clinical outcome measures.

    Results

    Significant improvements were seen in GAITRite measures after therapy. Improvements were also seen in the Up & Go test and Berg Balance Scale, whereas force plate measures and Total Motor Scores did not change.

    Conclusions

    The results suggest that physical therapy has a positive effect on gait in Huntington's disease. The study shows that objective and quantitative measures of gait and posture may serve as endpoints in trials assessing the efficacy of physical therapy. They should be explored further in larger trials applying a randomized controlled setting.

  • 8.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hellberg, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Koga, Itaru
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Thelin, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Bergqvist, David
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Vascular Surgery.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Karacagil, Sadettin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    A new method of intrathecal PO2, PCO2, and pH measurements for continuous monitoring of spinal cord ischemia during thoracic aortic clamping in pigs2000In: Surgery, ISSN 0039-6060, E-ISSN 1532-7361, Vol. 127, no 5, p. 571-576Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Impaired spinal cord circulation during thoracic aortic clamping may result in paraplegia. Reliable and fast responding methods for intraoperative monitoring are needed to facilitate the evaluation of protective measures and efficiency of revascularization.

    METHODS: In 11 pigs, a multiparameter PO2, PCO2, and pH sensor (Paratrend 7, Biomedical Sensors Ltd, United Kingdom) was introduced into the intrathecal space for continuous monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oxygenation during thoracic aortic cross-clamping (AXC) distal to the left subclavian artery. A laser-Doppler probe was inserted into the epidural space for simultaneous measurements of spinal cord flux. Registrations were made before and 30 minutes after clamping and 30 and 60 minutes after declamping. The same measuring points were used for systemic hemodynamic and metabolic data acquisition.

    RESULTS: The mean CSF PO2 readings of 41 mm Hg (5.5 kPa) at baseline decreased within 3 minutes to 5 mm Hg (0.7 kPa) during AXC (P < .01). Spinal cord flux measurement responded immediately in the same way to AXC. Both methods indicated normalization of circulation during declamping. Significant (P < .01) changes were also observed in the CSF metabolic parameters PCO2 and pH.

    CONCLUSIONS: In this experimental model of spinal ischemia by AXC, online monitoring of intrathecal PO2, PCO2, and pH showed significant changes and correlated well with epidural laser-Doppler flowmetry (P < .01).

  • 9.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hellberg, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Svensson, B. A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Bergqvist, David
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Vascular Surgery.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Karacagil, Sadettin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Relationship between intrathecal oxygen tension and ultrastructural changes in the spinal cord during experimental aortic clamping2000In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, ISSN 1078-5884, E-ISSN 1532-2165, Vol. 19, no 4, p. 413-420Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: To investigate spinal cord ultrastructure related to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oxygenation.

    DESIGN: experimental aortic occlusion model with intrathecal oxygen tension monitoring.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two groups of pigs underwent proximal (P) or double (D) aortic occlusion for 30 min followed by 1 h of reperfusion. In a third group (I) segmental arteries distal to T3 were clamped for 90 min. A thin pO(2), pCO(2) and pH sensor was placed intrathecally for continuous monitoring of CSF. Spinal cord segments were studied by electron microscopy (EM).

    RESULTS: In group P, CSF-pO(2)rapidly decreased during clamping and major changes in pH and pCO(2)were seen. EM demonstrated neuronal degeneration with loss of cellular integrity and severe affection of organelles. In the group D, CSF oxygenation decreased to about half, but with only moderate changes in the metabolic parameters. Group I showed no significant changes in CSF measurements. The latter groups were similar at EM, showing only mild mitochondrial changes.

    CONCLUSIONS: The level of CSF oxygenation during aortic cross-clamping or segmental artery interruption seems to correlate with ultrastructural changes in the spinal cord. This online intrathecal monitoring technique may provide valuable information on spinal cord circulation during thoracoabdominal aortic surgery.

  • 10.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Karacagil, Sadettin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Thelin, Stefan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hellberg, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Tyden, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Bergqvist, David
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Vascular Surgery.
    Continuous monitoring of intrathecal pO2, pCO2 and pH during surgical replacement of type II thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm1998In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, ISSN 1078-5884, E-ISSN 1532-2165, Vol. 15, no 1, p. 78-81Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 11.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Ulus, A. Tulga
    Hellberg, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Bergqvist, David
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Vascular Surgery.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Karacagil, Sadettin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Aspects of the spinal cord circulation as assessed by intrathecal oxygen tension monitoring during various arterial interruptions in the pig2001In: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, ISSN 0022-5223, E-ISSN 1097-685X, Vol. 121, no 4, p. 762-772Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: We sought to study the effect of various modes of interruption of the spinal cord blood supply on intrathecal oxygenation.

    METHODS: In 24 pigs intrathecal PO (2), PCO (2), and pH were continuously monitored with a multiparameter catheter (Paratrend 7, Biomedical Sensors; Diametrics Medical, Inc, St Paul, Minn) during and after aortic crossclamping or selective interruption of segmental arteries and proximal collateral circulation.

    RESULTS: Proximal aortic clamping (n = 6) produced complete ischemia, whereas a second clamp close to the celiac trunk (n = 4) partly protected against spinal cord ischemia. This is explained by prevention of the steal phenomenon in the excluded part of the aorta. Adding clamps to the subclavian arteries (n = 6) created complete spinal ischemia as the collateral circulation was interrupted. In another group (n = 4) all segmental arteries below T5 were occluded with no reaction in the intrathecal variables. Additional selective clamping of supreme intercostal arteries (n = 4) showed the relative importance of the subclavian and vertebral collateral pathways.

    CONCLUSIONS: Continuous intrathecal PO (2) was monitored during various modes of interruption of the spinal cord blood supply. This provided insight into the ischemia mechanisms and relative importance of the segmental contribution and proximal collateral pathways of the spinal cord circulation in pigs. A short literature review is given, and aspects of comparative anatomy are discussed.

  • 12.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Ulus, A. Tulga
    Hellberg, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Bergqvist, David
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Vascular Surgery.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Karacagil, Sadettin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Increased FiO2 improves intrathecal oxygenation during thoracic aortic cross-clamping in pigs2001In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal, ISSN 1401-7431, E-ISSN 1651-2006, Vol. 35, no 2, p. 147-150Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of 100% oxygen ventilation on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oxygenation in 11 pigs during thoracic aortic cross-clamping.

    DESIGN: An aorto-aortic shunt was used for control of central hemodynamics and study of hypoperfusion by exsanguination. CSF PO2, PCO2 and pH were continuously monitored before and during clamping. The changes in hemodynamic parameters and intrathecal gas tensions in response to variations in proximal mean aortic pressure and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) were recorded.

    RESULTS: Baseline CSF PO2 decreased from 4.8 +/- 1.9 to 2.6 +/- 2.2 kPa following aortic occlusion. Increasing FiO2 to 1.0 resulted in a significant increase in CSF PO2 to 4.1 +/- 3.0 with a return to 2.7 +/- 2.1 kPa after reducing FiO2 to 0.4 again. The same variations in FiO2 did not induce any significant changes in CSF PO2 during hypotension.

    CONCLUSION: Increased FiO2 during experimental thoracic aortic cross-clamping with stable proximal arterial pressure helps to maintain CSF PO2, whereas severe hypotension could not be compensated for by hyperoxemia.

  • 13.
    Edgren, E
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Enblad, P
    Department of Neuroscience.
    Grenvik, Å
    Lilja, A
    Valind, S
    Wiklund, L
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hedstrand, U
    Stiernstrom, H
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Persson, L
    Department of Neuroscience.
    Pontén, U
    Department of Neuroscience.
    Långström, B
    Cerebral blood flow and metabolism after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A pathophysiologic and prognostic positron emission tomography pilot study.2003In: Resuscitation, Vol. 57, p. 161-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Enlund, Mats
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Andersson, J
    Hartvig, P
    Valtysson, Johann
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Cerebral normoxia in the rhesus monkey during isoflurane- or propofol- induced hypotension and hypocapnia, despite disparate blood-flow patterns. A positron emission tomography study.1997In: Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand., Vol. 41, p. 1002-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 15.
    Enlund, Mats
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Lambert, H
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    A new device to reduce inhalational agent expenditure2000In: Anest Analg, Vol. 90 Suppl, p. 201-Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 16.
    Enlund, Mats
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Lambert, H
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    The sevoflurane saving capacity of a new anaesthetic agent conservingdevice compared with a low flow circle system.2002In: Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand., Vol. 46, p. 506-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 17.
    Enlund, Mats
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Lambert, H
    A new device to reduce the consumption of a halogenated anaesthetic agent.2001In: Anaesthesia, Vol. 56, p. 429-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 18.
    Feldman, H
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hartvig, P
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Doucette, A-M
    Antoni, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry.
    Gee, A
    Uhlin, J
    Langstrom, B
    Regional distribution of 11C-labeled lidocaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine in the heart, lungs, and skeletal muscle of pigs studied with positron emission tomography.1997In: Biopharm. Drug Dispos., Vol. 18, p. 151-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 19.
    Gedeborg, Rolf
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Rubertsson, Sten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Improved haemodynamics and restoration of spontaneous circulation with constant aortic occlusion during experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation.1999In: Resuscitation, ISSN 0300-9572, E-ISSN 1873-1570, Vol. 40, no 3, p. 171-180Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Continuous balloon occlusion of the descending aorta is an experimental method that may improve blood flow to the myocardium and the brain during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of this intervention on haemodynamics and the frequency of restoration of spontaneous circulation. Ventricular fibrillation was induced in 39 anaesthetised piglets, followed by an 8-min non-intervention interval. In a haemodynamic study (n = 10), closed chest CPR was performed for 7 min before the intra-aortic balloon was inflated. This intervention increased mean arterial blood pressure by 20%, reduced cardiac output by 33%, increased coronary artery blood flow by 86%, and increased common carotid artery blood flow by 62%. All these changes were statistically significant. Administration of epinephrine further increased mean arterial blood pressure and coronary artery blood flow, while cardiac output and common carotid artery blood flow decreased. In a study of short-term survival, nine out of 13 animals (69%) in the balloon group and in three out of 13 animals (23%) in the control group had spontaneous circulation restored. The difference between these two proportions was 0.46, which was statistically significant with a 95% confidence interval from 0.12 to 0.80. In conclusion, balloon occlusion of the descending aorta increased coronary and common carotid artery blood flow and the frequency of restoration of spontaneous circulation. It was also noted that epinephrine appears to augment the redistribution of blood flow caused by the aortic occlusion.

  • 20.
    Gedeborg, Rolf
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Silander, H C
    Ronne-Engström, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery.
    Rubertsson, Sten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Adverse effects of high-dose epinephrine on cerebral blood flow during experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation2000In: Critical Care Medicine, ISSN 0090-3493, E-ISSN 1530-0293, Vol. 28, no 5, p. 1423-1430Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE:

    To study the effects of high-dose epinephrine, compared with standard-dose epinephrine, on the dynamics of superficial cortical cerebral blood flow as well as global cerebral oxygenation during experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We hypothesized that high-dose epinephrine might be unable to improve cerebral blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation as compared with standard-dose epinephrine.

    DESIGN:

    Randomized controlled study.

    SETTING:

    University hospital research laboratory.

    SUBJECTS:

    A total of 20 male anesthetized piglets.

    INTERVENTIONS:

    Ventricular fibrillation was induced. A nonintervention interval of 8 mins was followed by open-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The animals were randomized to receive repeated bolus injections of either 20 microg/kg (standard-dose group, n = 10) or 200 microg/kg (high-dose group, n = 10) of epinephrine.

    MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:

    Focal cortical cerebral blood flow was measured continuously by using laser Doppler flowmetry. The duration of blood flow increase was significantly shorter in the high-dose group after the second dose of epinephrine. In the high-dose group there was also a consistent tendency for lower peak levels and shorter duration of flow increase in response to repeated bolus doses of epinephrine. Cerebral oxygen extraction ratio was significantly lower in the high-dose group after administration of epinephrine.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    Repeated bolus doses of epinephrine 200 microg/kg, as compared with 20 microg/kg, do not improve superficial cortical cerebral blood flow during experimental open-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation. High-dose epinephrine appears to induce vasoconstriction of cortical cerebral blood vessels resulting in redistribution of blood flow from superficial cortex. This might be one explanation for the failure of high-dose epinephrine to improve overall outcome in clinical trials.

  • 21.
    Gedeborg, Rolf
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Silander, H C
    Rubertsson, Sten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Cerebral ischaemia in experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation--comparison of epinephrine and aortic occlusion.2001In: Resuscitation, ISSN 0300-9572, E-ISSN 1873-1570, Vol. 50, no 3, p. 319-29Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The apparent inability of epinephrine to improve outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) could be caused by direct negative effects on the cerebral circulation. Constant aortic occlusion with a balloon catheter could be an alternative way to improve coronary and cerebral perfusion during CPR. The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of standard-dose epinephrine with balloon occlusion of the descending aorta on cortical cerebral blood flow augmentation during CPR. Ventricular fibrillation was induced in 24 anaesthetised piglets. A non-intervention interval of 9 min was followed by open-chest CPR. The animals were randomised to receive repeated intravenous bolus doses of epinephrine 20 microg/kg or balloon occlusion of the descending aorta. Focal cortical cerebral blood flow was measured continuously using laser-Doppler flowmetry. Balloon occlusion of the aorta resulted in a significantly higher mean cortical cerebral blood flow and a lower cerebral oxygen extraction ratio than epinephrine during CPR. After restoration of spontaneous circulation the cerebral perfusion appeared compromised to the same extent in both groups, with lower blood flow compared to baseline, high cerebral oxygen extraction and cerebral tissue acidosis. No difference in cerebral cortical vascular resistance between the two groups could be detected. It is concluded that aortic balloon occlusion was superior to epinephrine in cerebral blood flow augmentation during resuscitation and did not generate adverse effects on cerebral blood flow, oxygenation or tissue pH after restoration of spontaneous circulation. No evidence of cerebral vasoconstriction induced by standard-dose epinephrine was found.

  • 22.
    Gedeborg, Rolf
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Silander, H
    Ronne-Engstrom, E
    Rubertsson, Sten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Effects of "high dose" epinephrine on cerebral blood flow during experimental open chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation.1997In: Crit Care Med, Vol. 25, p. 32-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 23.
    Gedeborg, Rolf
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Silander, HC
    Ronne-Engstrom, E
    Rubertsson, Sten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Adverse effects of high-dose epinephrine on cerebral blood flow duringexperimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation.2000In: Crit Care Med, Vol. 28, p. 1423-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 24.
    Gedeborg, Rolf
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Silander, HC
    Rubertsson, Sten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Cerebral ischaemia in experimental cardiopulmonaryresuscitation--comparison of epinephrine and aortic occlusion.2001In: Resuscitation, Vol. 50, p. 319-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 25.
    Gedeborg, Rolf
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Att mäta det omätbara [Measuring the immeasurable]: Objektiv måttstock saknas för intensivvårdens dimensionering [There are no objective measures for the dimensioning of intensive care]2004In: Lakartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, Vol. 101, no 47, p. 3752-3Article in journal (Other scientific)
  • 26.
    Gedeborg, Rolf
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, UCR-Uppsala Clinical Research Center.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Experimental model of cardiovascular post-resuscitation syndrome-no effect of platelet activating factor antagonism.1998In: Resuscitation, Vol. 39, p. 115-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 27.
    George, Mary
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Nord, K-E
    Ronquist, G
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Hedenstierna, G
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Faecal microflora and urease activity during the first six months of infancy.1996In: Upsala J Med Sci, Vol. 101, p. 233-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 28.
    George, Mary
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Aastrup, M
    Pousette, J
    Thunholm, B
    Saldeen, Tom
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Forensic Medicine.
    Wernroth, L
    Zaren, B
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Holmberg, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Incidence and geographical distribution of sudden infant death syndrome in relation to content of nitrate in drinking water and groundwater levels.2001In: Eur J Clin Invest, Vol. 31, p. 1083-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 29.
    Gerdin, Bengt
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Haglund, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Upper Abdominal Surgery.
    Nilsson, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Persson, L
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Classification, prioritization and distribution of responsibility. Cooperation of specialties for an optimal trauma care1996In: Läkartidningen, Vol. 93, p. 2656-Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Gerdin, Bengt
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Haglund, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Upper Abdominal Surgery.
    Nilsson, Olle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Persson, L
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Specialistsamverkan vid optimal traumavård. Klassning, prioritering och ansvarsfödelning1996In: Läkartidningen, Vol. 93, p. 2656-Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 31.
    Goobar-Larsson, L
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Schwartz, S
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology.
    Intracellular hepatitis C virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity2001In: Archives of Virology, Vol. 146, p. 1-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 32.
    Halvorsen, Peter
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Sharma, Hari Shanker
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Basu, Samar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Neural injury after use of vasopressin and adrenaline during porcine cardiopulmonary resuscitation2015In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, E-ISSN 2000-1967, Vol. 120, no 1, p. 11-19Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Our aim was to investigate cerebral and cardiac tissue injury subsequent to use of vasopressin and adrenaline in combination compared with vasopressin alone during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Methods. In a randomized, prospective, laboratory animal study 28 anesthetized piglets were subject to a 12-min untreated cardiac arrest and subsequent CPR. After 1 min of CPR, 10 of the piglets received 0.4 U/kg of arg(8)-vasopressin (V group), and 10 piglets received 0.4 U/kg of arg(8)-vasopressin, 1 min later followed by 20 mu g/kg body weight of adrenaline, and another 1 min later continuous administration (10 mu g/kg/min) of adrenaline (VA group). After 8 min of CPR, the piglets were defibrillated and monitored for another 3 h. Then they were killed and the brain immediately removed pending histological analysis. Results. During CPR, the VA group had higher mean blood pressure and cerebral cortical blood flow (CCBF) but similar coronary perfusion pressure. After restoration of spontaneous circulation there was no difference in the pressure variables, but CCBF tended to be (36% +/- 16%) higher in the V group. Neuronal injury and signs of a disrupted blood-brain barrier (BBB) were greater, 20% +/- 4% and 21% +/- 4%, respectively, in the VA group. In a background study of repeated single doses of adrenaline every third minute after 5 min arrest but otherwise the same protocol, histological measurements showed even worse neural injury and disruption of the BBB. Conclusion. Combined use of vasopressin and adrenaline caused greater signs of cerebral and cardiac injury than use of vasopressin alone during experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

  • 33.
    Hellberg, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Tulga Ulus, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Bergqvist, David
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Vascular Surgery.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Karacagil, Sadettin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    A prolonged spinal cord ischaemia model in pigs. Passive shunting offers stable central haemodynamics during aortic occlusion2000In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, ISSN 1078-5884, E-ISSN 1532-2165, Vol. 19, no 3, p. 318-323Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the effect of a modified aortic shunt on central haemodynamic variables during experimental thoracic aortic occlusion in a prolonged spinal cord ischaemia model.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: central haemodynamic variables were evaluated during aortic cross-clamping. In the shunt group (n=11), after the placement of proximal and distal aortic clamps, distal aortic perfusion was restored through an aortoiliac shunt via the left subclavian artery. In the no-shunt group (n=11), spinal cord ischaemia was achieved with only proximal aortic cross-clamping. The clamping time was 60 minutes in the shunt group and 30 minutes in the no-shunt group.

    RESULTS: in the no-shunt group, all animals needed inotropic support, vasodilators and buffers during the experiment. None of these drugs were needed in the shunt group. In the no-shunt group, cross-clamping caused a significant increase in mean arterial pressure and heart rate compared to baseline values. These variables were stable in the shunt group during aortic occlusion. In the reperfusion period cardiac output, heart rate and arterial pCO(2)were significantly higher in the no-shunt than in the shunt group.

    CONCLUSION: the present experimental spinal cord ischaemia model, using double aortic cross-clamping with shunt, offers improved central haemodynamics. This enables the study of prolonged selective spinal cord ischaemia without interaction from vasoactive drugs or systemic reperfusion.

  • 34.
    Hellberg, Anders
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Koga, Itaru
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Stiernström, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Bergqvist, David
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Vascular Surgery.
    Karacagil, Sadettin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Influence of segmental spinal cord perfusion on intrathecal oxygen tension during experimental thoracic aortic crossclamping2000In: Journal of Vascular Surgery, ISSN 0741-5214, Vol. 31, no 1 Pt 1, p. 164-170Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of identifying alterations in blood supply to the spinal cord during thoracic aortic crossclamping.

    METHODS: In 17 pigs, a multiparameter PO(2), PCO(2,) and pH sensor was introduced into the intrathecal space for continuous monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oxygenation during aortic crossclamping. An epidural laser Doppler probe was used to measure spinal cord flux. After insertion of an aortic shunt from the left subclavian to the left iliac artery and interruption of the right subclavian and lumbar arteries (L2-L5), the thoracic aorta just distal to the left subclavian artery was clamped for 60 minutes. By placement of the distal aortic crossclamping below the level of L1 in group A (n = 9 animals), perfusion of only the abdominal visceral arteries was maintained. In group B (n = 8 animals), the distal aortic crossclamping was above the level of T12, and thus some spinal cord perfusion was maintained through the aortic shunt.

    RESULTS: The significant decrease in CSF PO(2) was observed within 3 minutes after the placement of the proximal aortic crossclamping and was normalized in all animals after establishment of the shunt flow. In group A, distal aortic crossclamping caused a decrease in CSF PO(2) with at least 50% of the preclamping values within 3 minutes. The mean CSF PO(2) of 2.99 +/- 0.70 kPa at 60 minutes of distal aortic crossclamping in group B was significantly higher than in group A (0.11 +/- 0.11 kPa; P <. 001). In group A, PCO(2) measurements showed no significant changes in 3 minutes after distal aortic crossclamping but revealed significantly higher values at 30 and 60 minutes compared with group B. Spinal cord flux values showed similar changes as CSF PO(2) during the whole experiment in both groups.

    CONCLUSION: In this experimental model of aortic crossclamping, continuous CSF oxygen tension monitoring allows rapid detection of alterations in spinal cord circulation.

  • 35.
    Helliksson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden.;Cent Hosp Karlstad, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care, SE-65285 Karlstad, Sweden..
    Wernerman, Jan
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care. Uppsala Univ, Dept Surg Sci, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Rosell, Jon
    Cent Hosp Karlstad, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care, SE-65285 Karlstad, Sweden..
    Karlsson, Mathias
    Karolinska Inst Sodersjukhuset, Dept Clin Sci & Educ, Stockholm, Sweden.;Cent Hosp Karlstad, Dept Clin Chem, Karlstad, Sweden..
    The combined use of three widely available biochemical markers as predictor of organ failure in critically ill patients2016In: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, ISSN 0036-5513, E-ISSN 1502-7686, Vol. 76, no 6, p. 479-485Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: We hypothesized that lactate dehydrogenase, LDH/albumin ratio in combination with or without magnesium (Mg2+) could predict organ failure in critically ill adult patients. The aim of this study was to describe a new risk index for organ failure or mortality in critically ill patients based on a combination of these routinely available biochemical plasma biomarkers.Methods: Patients18 years admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were screened. Albumin and LDH were analyzed at the time of admission to ICU (n=347). Organ failure assessed with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment' (SOFA) score was used, and 30-day mortality was recorded. The predictive value of the test was calculated using the areas under the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results: The LDH/albumin ratio was higher in patients who developed organ failure as compared to those who did not (p<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve were 0.77 both for prediction of multiple organ failure and for 30-day mortality. In a subgroup of patients (n=183) admitted to ICU from the emergency department, the predictive values were 0.86 and 0.80, respectively.Conclusion: The LDH/albumin ratio at ICU admission was associated with the development of multiple organ failure and 30-day mortality in this prospective study. The clinical value of this biomarker as a predictor of organ failure in critically ill patients is yet to be defined.

  • 36.
    Holmdahl, M
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Syra-bas-status och anestesi.(lärobok Anestesi)1998Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Holmdahl, Martin H:son
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Wetterberg, T
    Streat, S
    Wahlander, S
    Sutin, K
    Nahas, G
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    The place of THAM in the management of acidemia in clinical practice.2000In: Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand., Vol. 44, p. 524-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 38.
    H:son Holmdahl, Martin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Syra-basstatus och anestesi2000In: Anestesi, Liber AB, Stockholm , 2000Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 39.
    Jansson, L.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Nitric oxide, nitrogen metabolism and inflammatory respiratory disease: an hypothesis1997In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, Vol. 102, no 1, p. 21-33Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 40. Kaisdotter Andersson, Annika
    et al.
    Kron, Josefin
    Karolinska institutet.
    Castren, Maaret
    Karolinska institutet.
    Muntlin Athlin, Åsa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Health Services Research. School of Nursing, University of Adelaide.
    Hök, Bertil
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Assessment of the breath alcohol concentration in emergency care patients with different level of consciousness2015In: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, E-ISSN 1757-7241, Vol. 23, no 1, article id 11Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Many patients seeking emergency care are under the influence of alcohol, which in many cases implies a differential diagnostic problem. For this reason early objective alcohol screening is of importance not to falsely assign the medical condition to intake of alcohol and thus secure a correct medical assessment.

    Objective

    At two emergency departments, demonstrate the feasibility of accurate breath alcohol testing in emergency patients with different levels of cooperation.

    Method

    Assessment of the correlation and ratio between the venous blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and the breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) measured in adult emergency care patients. The BrAC was measured with a breathalyzer prototype based on infrared spectroscopy, which uses the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in the exhaled air as a quality indicator.

    Result

    Eighty-eight patients enrolled (mean 45 years, 53 men, 35 women) performed 201 breath tests in total. For 51% of the patients intoxication from alcohol or tablets was considered to be the main reason for seeking medical care. Twenty-seven percent of the patients were found to have a BAC of <0.04 mg/g. With use of a common conversion factor of 2100:1 between BAC and BrAC an increased agreement with BAC was found when the level of pCO2 was used to estimate the end-expiratory BrAC (underestimation of 6%, r = 0.94), as compared to the BrAC measured in the expired breath (underestimation of 26%, r = 0.94). Performance of a forced or a non-forced expiration was not found to have a significant effect (p = 0.09) on the bias between the BAC and the BrAC estimated with use of the level of CO2. A variation corresponding to a BAC of 0.3 mg/g was found between two sequential breath tests, which is not considered to be of clinical significance.

    Conclusion

    With use of the expired pCO2 as a quality marker the BrAC can be reliably assessed in emergency care patients regardless of their cooperation, and type and length of the expiration.

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  • 41.
    Karlsson, Torbjörn
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Stjernstrom, EL
    Stjernstrom, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Essen-Gustavsson, B
    Jorfeldt, L
    Lactate metabolism and hypocarbic hyperventilation. An experimental study in piglets.1995In: Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand., Vol. 39, p. 109-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 42.
    Koga, I
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Stiernstrom, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Intraperitoneal tonometry for detection of regional enteric ischaemia [InProcess Citation]2000In: Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand., Vol. 44, p. 985-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 43.
    Koga, I
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Stiernstrom, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Sigmoid colonic reflectance pulse oximetry and tonometry in a porcineexperimental hypoperfusion shock model.2002In: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, Vol. 46, p. 1212-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 44.
    Koga, Itaru
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Stiernstrom, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Intraperitoneal and sigmoid colon tonometry in porcine hypoperfusion and endotoxin shock models1999In: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-5172, Vol. 43, no 7, p. 702-707Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 45.
    Koga, Itaru
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Stiernstrom, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Intraperitoneal tonometry for detection of regional enteric ischemia2000In: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-5172, Vol. 44, no 8, p. 985-990Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 46.
    Koga, Itaru
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Christiansson, Lennart
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Experimental evaluation of hepatic venous oxygen saturation and lactate measurements in varying splanchnic perfusionManuscript (Other academic)
  • 47.
    Lennmyr, Fredrik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Molnar, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Basu, Samar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Cerebral effects of hyperglycemia in experimental cardiac arrest2010In: Critical Care Medicine, ISSN 0090-3493, E-ISSN 1530-0293, Vol. 38, no 8, p. 1726-1732Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate the effects of cardiac arrest on cerebral perfusion and oxidative stress during hyperglycemia and normoglycemia. Design: Experimental animal model. Setting: University laboratory. Subjects: Triple-breed pigs (weight, 22-27 kg). Interventions: Thirty-three pigs were randomized and clamped at blood glucose levels of 8.5-10 mM (high) or 4-5.5 mM (normal) and thereafter subjected to alternating current-induced 12-min cardiac arrest followed by 8 mins of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and direct-current shock to restore spontaneous circulation. Measurements and Main Results: Hemodynamics, regional near-infrared light spectroscopy, regional venous HbO(2), and biochemical markers (Protein S100 beta, troponin I, F-2-isoprostanes reflecting oxidative stress and inflammation) were monitored and/or sampled throughout an observation period of 4 hrs. No significant differences were seen in hemodynamics or biochemical profile. The cerebral oxygenation by means of regional near-infrared light spectroscopy was higher in the hyperglycemic (H) than in the normal (N) group after restoration of spontaneous circulation (p < .05). However, tendencies toward increased protein S100 beta and 15-keto-dihydro-prostaglandin F-2 alpha were observed in the H group but were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The responses to 12-min cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation share large similarities during hyperglycemia and normoglycemia. The higher cerebral tissue oxygenation observed in the hyperglycemia needs to be confirmed and the phenomenon needs to be addressed in future studies.

  • 48.
    Li, Y-C
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Ridefelt, P
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Bjerneroth, Gunnel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Propofol induces a lowering of free cytosolic calcium in myocardial cells.1997In: Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand., Vol. 41, p. 633-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 49.
    Li, Y-C
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Tarkilla, P
    Bjerneroth, Gunnel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Influence of alkaline buffers on cytoplasmic pH in myocardial cells exposed to metabolic acidosis.1996In: Resuscitation, Vol. 32, p. 33-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 50.
    Lindblom, Rickard P F
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Thoracic Surgery.
    Molnar, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Israelsson, Charlotte
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Developmental Neuroscience.
    Röjsäter, Belinda
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Wiklund, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Lennmyr, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Thoracic Surgery.
    Hyperglycemia Alters Expression of Cerebral Metabolic Genes after Cardiac Arrest2018In: Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases, ISSN 1052-3057, E-ISSN 1532-8511, Vol. 27, no 5, p. 1200-1211Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Survivors of cardiac arrest often experience neurologic deficits. To date, treatment options are limited. Associated hyperglycemia is believed to further worsen the neurologic outcome. The aim with this study was to characterize expression pathways induced by hyperglycemia in conjunction with global brain ischemia.

    Methods: Pigs were randomized to high or normal glucose levels, as regulated by glucose and insulin infusions with target levels of 8.5-10 mM and 4-5.5 mM, respectively. The animals were subjected to 5-minute cardiac arrest followed by 8 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and direct-current shock to restore spontaneous circulation. Global expression profiling of the cortex using microarrays was performed in both groups.

    Results: A total of 102 genes differed in expression at P<.001 between the hyperglycemic and the normoglycemic pigs. Several of the most strongly differentially regulated genes were involved in transport and metabolism of glucose. Functional clustering using bioinformatics tools revealed enrichment of multiple biological processes, including membrane processes, ion transport, and glycoproteins.

    Conclusions: Hyperglycemia during cardiac arrest leads to differential early gene expression compared with normoglycemia. The functional relevance of these expressional changes cannot be deduced from the current study; however, the identified candidates have been linked to neuroprotective mechanisms and constitute interesting targets for further studies.

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