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  • 1.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Bacsik, Zoltán
    Stockholm University.
    Hedin, Niklas
    Stockholm University.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Structural variations in mesoporous materials with cubic Pm3n symmetry2010In: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, ISSN 1387-1811, E-ISSN 1873-3093, Vol. 133, no 1-3, p. 27-35Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The fine structural details of mesoporous materials possessing Pm3n symmetry prepared with varying amphiphilic surfactants under acid and alkaline conditions are investigated using electron crystallography and sorption studies. The structural data derived is used to understand the parameters that govern the formation of cavity-windows and to propose synthetic strategies in order to control independently the size of the cavities and cavity-windows. Results support that whilst attainment of Pm3n cubic packing is due to the overall surfactant geometry, the formation of cavity-windows is associated with the hydration layer formed at the interphase between the surfactant and the silica wall.  The charge density at the micelle surface may be tailored using two strategies: (i) using dicationic gemini surfactants at low pHs resulting in an increase in the hydration layer; or (ii) by using co-structure directing agents such as organoalkoxysilanes which reduce the hydration layer surrounding the micelles. The latter leads to the formation of higher cavity sizes and may be useful for tuning fine structural details of mesoporous materials when considering their use in important applications such as gas separation.

  • 2.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Synthesis and Structural control of novel mesoporous material AMS-62007Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An in-depth study of the synthesis and growth of bicontinuous cubic mesoporous AMS-6 material in the presence of polymeric dispersant P123 is presented, resulting in controlled particle shape attainable over a small range of synthesis conditions. Unlike previous syntheses a remarkable effect on facet formation of the Iad silica particles with cubic morphologies is observed. Trapezoidal icositetrahedra, spherical and elongated morphologies have been prepared with increased faceting on addition of higher concentration of dispersant. Particles are characterised extensively by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen sorption isotherms. Mesoporous materials produced in this study show textural features suggesting a secondary porous network formed on the external surface of the particle and the origin of this secondary porosity is discussed. Based on the reduced dynamics generated by the presence of the P123 dispersant, we suggest possible growth models for the formation of mainly two different morphologies—the thermodynamically favoured trapezoidal icositetrahedron and elongated particles, the latter not following the expected point group symmetry, mm.

  • 3.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Comparative Structural study on Mesocaged porous materials with Pm3n Symmetry2008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 4.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Controlling the phase transformation of AMS-6 mesoporous material via hydrothermal treatment2007Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 5.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Structural solution of complex low symmetry structure AMS-92008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 6.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Structural variations in mesocaged materials with Pm3n symmetry2009Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Hedin, Niklas
    Hydrothermal Phase Transformation of Bicontinuous Cubic Mesoporous Material AMS-62008In: Chemistry of Materials, ISSN 0897-4756, E-ISSN 1520-5002, Vol. 20, no 12, p. 3857-3866Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The controlled synthesis of ordered anionic surfactant templated mesoporous silica with cubic Ia3 structure (AMS-6) is reported via prolonged periods of hydrothermal treatment (HT). The cubic Ia3 mesophase transforms to hexagonal p6mm after 8 days of HT at 100 °C. Surprisingly, the hexagonal phase is stable only for a limited period after which a reversal to the cubic Ia3 mesostructure is observed. Characterization methods such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), N2-isotherms, magic-angle spinning (MAS) 29Si NMR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) have been employed to follow structural and textural changes of the materials prepared. Data show that the resultant mesostructure and its textural properties are highly dependent on the period of HT with less unit-cell shrinkage on calcination after extensive HT. Furthermore, evidence of two different solid−solid phase mechanisms during HT is presented. The initial transition is consistent with a restructuring of the surfactant packing and a depletion of the organic moieties from the organo-silica wall as evident from 29Si NMR spectroscopy. The return to the bicontinuous cubic phase is driven by changes in charge matching at the organic−inorganic interface as a result of increases in the polymerization of the silica wall. The textural properties, and in particular the presence or absence of surface porosity, has been controlled through variations in hydrothermal treatment. These are associated with specific growth directions of cubic AMS-6 crystals. The synthetic method described allows us to easily prepare phase pure and intermediate mesostructured nanoparticles.

  • 8.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Hedin, Niklas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Nonsurfactant Supramolecular Synthesis of Ordered Mesoporous Silica2009In: Journal of the American Chemical Society, ISSN 0002-7863, E-ISSN 1520-5126, Vol. 131, no 9, p. 3189-3191Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Hoogsteen-bonded tetrads and pentamers are formed by a large variety of organic molecules through H-donor and acceptor groups capable of inducing self-organization to form columnar and hexagonal mesophases. The biological importance of such macromolecular structures is exemplified by the assembly of guanosine-rich groups of telomere units and their implication in chromosomal replication. Folic acid is composed of a pterin group, chemically and structurally similar to guanine, conjugated to an l-glutamate moiety via a p-amino benzoic acid. Our aim has been to develop a delivery vehicle for folic acid and at the same time provide a novel synthetic route for ordered mesoporous materials without the use of amphiphilic surfactants. We present a new nonsurfactant route for the synthesis of highly ordered mesoporous materials, based on the supramolecular templating of stacked arrays of the tetramer-forming pterin groups of folic acid under a variety of synthetic conditions. This method leads to hexagonally ordered mesoporous structures with gyroid, spherical, and chiral morphologies with pores on the order of 25−30 Å in diameter and surface areas above 1000 m2/g. More importantly circular dichroism studies reveal that the folate template possesses a chiral signature within the pores in the as-synthesized solid and that chirality is transferred from the folate template to the pore surface via the aminopropyl triethoxysilane costructure directing agent used in the supramolecular assembly. This novel templating approach for ordered mesoporous materials breaks the hegemony of surfactant micellar systems for the preparation of these exciting high surface area solids and opens new opportunities for structural control, design of pore geometry, and novel applications.

  • 9.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso.E
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Sakamoto, Yasuhiro
    Co-Structure Directing Agent Induced Phase Transformation of Mesoporous Materials2009In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 25, no 5, p. 3189-3195Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The synthesis of cubic Pmn mesocaged solid templated by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (C16TMABr) surfactant by direct cocondensation of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilanes (APES) under strong alkaline conditions is reported. The novel route gives direct incorporation of amino functional groups on the porous silica wall, and the structural formation has been followed by means of in situ SAXS studies performed at a synchrotron beam line. Data shows that a molar ratio of C16TMABr/APES = 0.6 favors the formation of 3D cubic mesocaged solid with Pmn symmetry which transforms to a cylindrical mesoporous phase with p6mm symmetry at higher molar ratios. Further structural evaluation has been performed by means electron crystallography (EC). Reconstructed 3D models based on EC show the presence of spherical cages (A-cages, 45 Å) and ellipsoidal cages (B-cages, 48 × 43 Å) whereby every cage in the unit cell is connected to 14 nearest cages with a window size of 18 Å. Finally, a mechanism is proposed, denoted S+NoI, in which penetration of the neutral aminopropyl moiety within the micellar corona is responsible for the formation of the Pmn phase, accounting for the formation of the hexagonal phase at higher molar ratios and higher temperatures. In comparison to other mesocaged materials with the same symmetry this structure possesses a more open porous network which will help assess its potential in a variety of applications discussed herein.

  • 10. Atluri, Rambabu
    et al.
    Iqbal, Muhammad Naeem
    Bacsik, Zoltan
    Hedin, Niklas
    Villaescusa, Luis Angel
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Self-assembly mechanism of folate-templated mesoporous silica.2013In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 29, no 38, p. 12003-12Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A method to form ordered mesoporous silica based on the use of folate supramolecular templates has been developed. Evidence based on in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and in situ conductivity measurements are used to investigate the organic-inorganic interactions and synthesis mechanism. The behavior of folate molecules in solution differs distinctively from that of surfactants commonly used for the preparation of ordered mesoporous silica phases, notably with the absence of a critical micellar concentration. In situ SAXS studies reveal fluctuations in X-ray scattering intensities consistent with the condensation of the silica precursor surrounding the folate template and the growth of the silica mesostructure in the initial stages. High-angle X-ray diffraction shows that the folate template is well-ordered within the pores even after a few minutes of synthesis. Direct structural data for the self-assembly of folates into chiral tetramers within the pores of mesoporous silica provide evidence for the in register stacking of folate tetramers, resulting in a chiral surface of rotated tetramers, with a rotation angle of 30°. Additionally, the self-assembled folates within pores were capable of adsorbing a considerable amount of CO2 gas through the cavity space of the tetramers. The study demonstrates the validity of using a naturally occurring template to produce relevant and functional mesoporous materials.

  • 11.
    Bacsik, Zoltan
    et al.
    Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University.
    Ahlsten, Nanna
    Department of Organic Chemistry, Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University.
    Ziadi, Asraa
    Department of Organic Chemistry, Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University.
    Zhao, Guoying
    Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Martin-Matute, Belen
    Department of Organic Chemistry, Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University.
    Hedin, Niklas
    Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University.
    Mechanisms and Kinetics for Sorption of CO(2) on Bicontinuous Mesoporous Silica Modified with n-Propylamine2011In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 27, no 17, p. 11118-11128Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We studied equilibrium adsorption and uptake kinetics and identified molecular species that formed during sorption of carbon dioxide on amine-modified silica. Bicontinuous silicas (AMS-6 and MCM-48) were postsynthetically modified with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane or (3-aminopropyl)methyldiethoxysilane, and amine-modified AMS-6 adsorbed more CO(2) than did amine-modified MCM-48. By in situ FTIR spectroscopy, we showed that the amine groups reacted with CO(2) and formed ammonium carbamate ion pairs as well as carbamic acids under both dry and moist conditions. The carbamic acid was stabilized by hydrogen bonds, and ammonium carbamate ion pairs formed preferably on sorbents with high densities of amine groups. Under dry conditions, silylpropylcarbamate formed, slowly, by condensing carbamic acid and silanol groups. The ratio of ammonium carbamate ion pairs to silylpropylcarbamate was higher for samples with high amine contents than samples with low amine contents. Bicarbonates or carbonates did not form under dry or moist conditions. The uptake of CO(2) was enhanced in the presence of water, which was rationalized by the observed release of additional amine groups under these conditions and related formation of ammonium carbamate ion pairs. Distinct evidence for a fourth and irreversibly formed moiety was observed under sorption of CO(2) under dry conditions. Significant amounts of physisorbed, linear CO(2) were detected at relatively high partial pressures of CO(2), such that they could adsorb only after the reactive amine groups were consumed.

  • 12.
    Bacsik, Zoltán
    et al.
    Stockholm University.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Hedin, Niklas
    Stockholm University.
    Temperature-Induced Uptake of CO2 and Formation of Carbamates in Mesocaged Silica Modified with n-Propylamines2010In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 26, no 12, p. 10013-10024Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Adsorption-mediated CO2 separation can reduce the costs of carbon capture and storage. The reduction in cost requires adsorbents with high capacities for CO2 sorption and high CO2-over-N2 selectivity. Amine-modified sorbents are promising candidates for carbon capture. To investigate the details of CO2 adsorption in such materials, we studied mesocaged (cubic, Pm3n symmetry) silica adsorbents with tethered propylamines using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and volumetric uptake experiments. The degree of heterogeneity in these coatings was varied by either co-synthesizing or post-synthetically introducing the propylamine modification. In situ FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of both physisorbed and chemisorbed CO2 in the materials. We present the first direct molecular evidence for physisorption using FTIR spectroscopy in mesoporous silica sorbents modified with propylamines. Physisorption reduced the CO2-over-N2 selectivity in amine-rich sorbents. Samples with homogenous coatings showed typical CO2 adsorption trends and large quantities of IR-observable physisorbed CO2. The uptake of CO2 in mesocaged materials with heterogeneous propylamine coatings was higher at high temperatures than at low temperatures. At higher temperatures and low pressures, the post-synthetically modified materials adsorbed more CO2 than did the extracted ones, even though the surface area after modification was clearly reduced and the coverage of primary amine groups was lower. The principal mode of CO2 uptake in post-synthetically modified mesoporous silica was chemisorption. The chemisorbed moieties were present mainly as carbamate–ammonium ion pairs, resulting from the quantitative transformation of primary amine groups during CO2 adsorption as established by NIR spectroscopy. The heterogeneity in the coatings promoted the formation of these ion pairs. The average propylamine–propylamine distance must be small to allow the formation of carbamate–propylammonium ion pairs.

  • 13. Bondarenko, Olesja
    et al.
    Torres, Neus Feliu
    Kupferschmidt, Natalia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Fadeel, Bengt
    Cellular uptake of mesoporous silica particles is governed by activation state of macrophages2014In: Toxicology Letters, ISSN 0378-4274, E-ISSN 1879-3169, Vol. 229, p. S188-S188Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Brohede, Ulrika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Strömme, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Sustained Release from Mesosporous Nanoparticles: evaluation of structural properties associated with controlled release rate2008In: Current Drug Delivery, ISSN 1567-2018, E-ISSN 1875-5704, Vol. 5, no 3, p. 177-185Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present here a detailed study of the controlled release of amino acid derived amphiphilic molecules from the internal pore structure of mesoporous nanoparticle drug delivery systems with different structural properties; namely cubic and hexagonal structures of various degrees of complexity. The internal pore surface of the nanomaterials presented has been functionalised with amine moieties through a one pot method. Release profiles obtained by Alternating Ionic Current measurements are interpreted in terms of specific structural and textural parameters of the porous nanoparticles such as pore geometry and connectivity. Results indicate that diffusion coefficients are lower by as much as four orders of magnitude in 2-dimensional structures in comparison to 3-dimensional mesoporous solids. A fast release in turn is observed from mesocaged materials AMS-9 and AMS-8 where the presence of structural defects is thought to lead to a slightly lower diffusion coefficient in the latter. Amount of pore wall functionalisation and number of binding sites on the model drug are found to have little effect on the drug release rate.

  • 15. Fadeel, Bengt
    et al.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Better safe than sorry: understanding the toxicological properties of inorganic nanoparticles manufactured for biomedical applications2010In: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, ISSN 0169-409X, E-ISSN 1872-8294, Vol. 62, no 3, p. 362-374Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of nanoparticles for biomedical applications including medical imaging and drug delivery is currently undergoing a dramatic expansion. However, as the range of nanoparticle types and applications increases, it is also clear that the potential toxicities of these novel materials and the properties driving such toxic responses must also be understood. Indeed, a detailed assessment of the factors that influence the biocompatibility and/or toxicity of nanoparticles is crucial for the safe and sustainable development of the emerging nanotechnologies. This review summarizes some of the recent developments in the field of nanomedicine with particular emphasis on inorganic nanoparticles for drug delivery. The synthesis routes, physico-chemical characteristics, and cytotoxic properties of inorganic nanoparticles are thus explored and lessons learned from the toxicological investigation of three common types of engineered nanomaterials of titania, gold, and mesoporous silica are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the recognition versus non-recognition of engineered nanomaterials by the immune system, the primary surveillance system against microorganisms and particles, which, in turn, is intimately linked to the issue of targeted drug delivery using such nanomaterials as carrier systems.

  • 16.
    Garcia Bennett, A E
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nantoteknologi och funktionella material.
    Che, S
    Miyasaka, K
    Sakamoto, Y
    Ohsuna, T
    Liu, Z
    Terasaki, O
    Studies of anionic surfactant templated mesoporous structures by electron microscopy2005In: Stud. Surface Sci. Catal., Vol. 155, p. 11-18Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 17.
    Garcia Bennett, A E
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nantoteknologi och funktionella material.
    Kupferschmidt, N
    Sakamoto, Y
    Che, S
    Terasaki, O
    Novel Approach for mesocaged structures in AMS-n system by kinetic control of the self-assembly in anionic surfactants2005In: Angew. Chemie Int. Ed., Vol. 117, no 33, p. 5451-5456Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 18.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nanoteknologi.
    Method for manufacturing a nanoporous alumina with controlled texture and morphology and materials thus produced2006Patent (Other (popular scientific, debate etc.))
  • 19.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Method for manufacturing a nanoporous alumina with controlled texture and morphology and materials thus produced2007Patent (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 20.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nanoteknologi.
    Method for manufacturing nanoporous frameworks and nanoporous framework thus produced2006Patent (Other (popular scientific, debate etc.))
  • 21.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nanoteknologi.
    Particle size Control in nanoporous silica and alumina through the use of co-surfactants.2006Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 22.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nanoteknologi.
    Ali Mohammed, Malik
    Mesoporous silica and alumina nanoparticles.2006Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 23.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. l.
    Hutén, Johanna
    Method for manufacturing Hierarchical Macro-Mesoporous monolithic materials with controlled textural and applications of the materials produced2007Patent (Other (popular scientific, debate etc.))
  • 24.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nanoteknologi.
    Lund, Kristina
    Osamu, Terasaki
    Particle size and surface structure control in cubic mesocaged solid AMS-82006In: Angewandte Chemie Int., Vol. 45, p. 2434-2438Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 25.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nanoteknologi.
    Lund, Kristina
    Terasaki, Osamu
    Morphology control in Anionic Mesoporous Solids2006Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Strömme, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Nanostructured Mesoporous materials in the Life Sciences2008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 27. Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    Mesoporous Materials in Life Science2010Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 28.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Mesoporous Silica Particles as a Delivery Vehicle for Peptides and Vitamins in Cosmetic Formulations2010Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 29.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Non-Surfactant Synthesis of Mesoporous Materials2008Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 30.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Mesoporous Materials as Novel Drug delivery Vehicles2010Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 31.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Meso-Soup: Understanding phase stability in Mesoporous silica surfactant/composites through Transmission Electron Microscopy2010Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 32.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Non-surfactant supramolecular synthesis of mesoporous materials2009Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 33.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Spanish Biotech Sector: Opportunities for Investment2010Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 34.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Structural Properties of Mesoporous Materials2010Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 35.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Synthesis, toxicology and potential of ordered mesoporous materials in nanomedicine2011In: Nanomedicine, ISSN 1743-5889, E-ISSN 1748-6963, Vol. 6, no 5, p. 867-877Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although ordered mesoporous silica materials have been studied for almost 20 years, their utilization within life science applications is relatively new and unexplored. An increasing number of researchers are transcending their respective fields in order to bridge the knowledge gap between materials chemistry and biotechnology, and to exploit the potential of mesoporous materials. Their intricate porosity with order in the nanoscale translates into high surface areas above 1000 m(2)/g, high selectivity for the encapsulation of biorelevant molecules as well as controlled surface chemistry. Their uses in pharmaceutics to improve drug formulation, drug bioavailability, mitigate drug toxicity and in cellular targeting, through controlled drug delivery strategies, have been shown. The incorporation of a high concentration of fluorescent and nuclear markers within their pores, whilst retaining good diffusion through their porous matrix, has shown them to be ideal candidates for sensing devices, in immunoassays such as flow cytometry and for their use in novel theranostic applications. This article aims to bring to the forefront some of the most important properties of mesoporous materials, which prove advantageous for their use in nanomedical applications and to highlight some of the potential areas into which the field may now emerge.

  • 36.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Brohede, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Hodgkins, Robert
    Hedin, Niklas
    Strømme, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    A mechanistic study of the formation of mesoporous structures from in situ AC conductivity measurements2007In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 23, no 19, p. 9875-9881Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this work is to study the kinetics of self-assembly in the formation mechanism of anionic templated mesoporous solids (AMS-n) during die first few seconds of the synthesis as well as to demonstrate the use of alternating ion current (AIC) conductivity measurements to follow the self-assembly in complex hybrid systems. The formation of different AMS-n caged-type mesostructures through the delayed addition of the silica source is demonstrated and explained in terms of the interaction between the co-structure-directing agent (CSDA) and the oppositely charged surfactant headgroup regions. Our findings, supported by transmission electron microscopy, 29Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements, and powder X-ray diffraction suggest that the interaction of the CSDA with the surfactant headgroup occurs within seconds after its addition to the synthesis gel leading to interaction between the polymerizing CSDAs and the oppositely charged micelle and to an increase in the micelle-CSDA aggregate size. Both DLS and AIC measurements agree that this process occurs within the first 1000 s after addition of the CSDA to the synthesis gel at room temperature. In addition to the mechanistic study it was found that the intermediate materials are comprised of a three-layer entity. Time-dependent 29Si MAS NMR studies reveal that an organo-silica layer forms around the micelles prior to a condensed outer inorganic shell of silica.

  • 37.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Kozhevnikova, Mariya
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuroanatomy.
    König, Niclas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuroanatomy.
    Zhou, Chunfang
    Leao, Richardson
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Developmental Genetics.
    Knöpfel, Thomas
    Pankratova, Stanislava
    Trolle, Carl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuroanatomy.
    Berezin, Vladimir
    Bock, Elisabeth
    Aldskogius, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuroanatomy.
    Kozlova, Elena N.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuroanatomy.
    Delivery of Differentiation Factors by Mesoporous Silica Particles Assists Advanced Differentiation of Transplanted Murine Embryonic Stem Cells2013In: Stem Cells Translational Medicine, ISSN 2157-6564, E-ISSN 2157-6580, Vol. 2, no 11, p. 906-915Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Stem cell transplantation holds great hope for the replacement of damaged cells in the nervous system. However, poor long-term survival after transplantation and insufficiently robust differentiation of stem cells into specialized cell types in vivo remain major obstacles for clinical application. Here, we report the development of a novel technological approach for the local delivery of exogenous trophic factor mimetics to transplanted cells using specifically designed silica nanoporous particles. We demonstrated that delivering Cintrofin and Gliafin, established peptide mimetics of the ciliary neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, respectively, with these particles enabled not only robust functional differentiation of motor neurons from transplanted embryonic stem cells but also their long-term survival in vivo. We propose that the delivery of growth factors by mesoporous nanoparticles is a potentially versatile and widely applicable strategy for efficient differentiation and functional integration of stem cell derivatives upon transplantation.

  • 38.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Xiao, Changhong
    Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm.
    Zhou, Chunfang
    Nanologica AB, Stockholm.
    Castle, Toen
    Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm.
    Miyasaka, Keiichi
    Graduate School of EEWS WCU Energy Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
    Terasaki, Osamu
    Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm and Graduate School of EEWS WCU Energy Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
    Bicontinuous cubic mesoporous materials with biphasic structures2011In: Chemistry - A European Journal, ISSN 0947-6539, E-ISSN 1521-3765, Vol. 17, no 48, p. 13510-13516Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The replication of amphiphilic systems within an inorganic silica matrix allows the study of the fundamental properties of mesostructural changes, that is, kinetic and structural parameters. Herein we report a detailed study of the transition between cubic bicontinuous mesostructure with space groups Ia$\bar 3$d and Pn$\bar 3$m symmetry, which are associated with the minimal G and D surfaces, respectively. The transition may be induced through micellar swelling of the anionic amphiphilic surfactant N-lauroyl alanine by trimethylbenzene. Rich kinetic behaviour is observed and has been exploited to prepare particles with biphasic structures. Transmission electron microscopy evidence indicates that there is epitaxial growth from one mesostructure to the other involving the [111] and [110] orientations of the Ia$\bar 3$d and Pn$\bar 3$m symmetry structures, respectively. From kinetic studies, we show that the formation of the Ia$\bar 3$d mesophase is preceded by a hexagonal phase (plane group p6mm) and an epitaxial relationship has been observed involving the sixfold or $\bar 3$ axis orientations of both structures. Our data suggests that the Pn$\bar 3$m mesostructure is kinetically stable at low temperatures whereas the Ia$\bar 3$d mesostructure is the more stable structure after prolonged periods of hydrothermal treatment. We present evidence from transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray diffractograms and also electron crystallography modelling of the unit cells at particular points in the structural change.

  • 39.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Zhou, Chunfang
    Novel mesoporous materials as drug carriers: Six reasons why?2010Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 40.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Nees, Matthias
    VTT Technical Research Center of Finland, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Turku, Finland.
    Fadeel, Bengt
    Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm and Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Astrid Lindgren's Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm.
    In search of the Holy Grail: Folate-targeted nanoparticles for cancer therapy2011In: Biochemical Pharmacology, ISSN 0006-2952, E-ISSN 1356-1839, Vol. 81, no 8, p. 976-984Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Targeted drug therapy or "smart" drug delivery, potentially combined with simultaneous imaging modalities to monitor the delivery of drugs to specific tissues, is arguably the "holy grail" of pharmacology. Therapeutic approaches that exploit nanoparticles to deliver drugs selectively to cancer cells are currently considered one of the most promising avenues in the area of cancer therapeutics and imaging. The potential to deliver active chemotherapeutic drugs in the vicinity or directly within specific tumors via receptor mediated pathways, and to image tumors through the use of nanoparticles has been conceptually and experimentally shown for several classes of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles functionalized with the vitamin folic acid are of particular interest as a variety of malignant tumors are known to overexpress the folate receptor(s). Indeed, several nanoparticle architectures with improved retention time, administration route, biocompatibility, absorption, and clearance are being proposed and are in late stage clinical development. This commentary highlights some of the most important concepts related to nanoparticles and folate-mediated drug delivery and imaging in cancer research.

  • 41. Hodgkins, R P
    et al.
    Garcia Bennett, A E
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nanoteknologi och funktionella material.
    Wright, P A
    Sturcture and morphology of propylthiol-functionalised mesaporous silicas templated by non-ionic triblock copopolymers2005In: Mikcroporous and Mesoporous Materials, Vol. 79, p. 241-252Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 42.
    Kupferschmidt, Natalia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials. Nanologica AB, SE-11428 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Csikasz, Robert
    Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ballell, Lluis
    Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Madrid, Spanien.
    Bengtsson, Tore
    Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Stockholm Univ, Arrhenius Lab, MMK, Dept Mat & Environm Chem, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Large pore mesoporous silica induced weight loss in obese mice2013In: Nanomedicine, ISSN 1743-5889, E-ISSN 1748-6963, Vol. 9, no 9, p. 1353-1362Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: There is a need for medical treatments to curb the rising rate of obesity. Weight reduction is correlated with a decrease in associated risk factors and cholesterol levels in humans. Amorphous silica particles have been found to exert a hypocholesterolemic effect in humans, making them popular dietary additives. Aim: To investigate the effect of mesoporous silica, which possess sharp pore size distributions, on: weight loss, cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose blood levels in obese mice. Materials & methods: Mesoporous silicas with differing pore size were mixed in the high-fat diet of obese mice. Results: Animals receiving large pore mesoporous silica with a high-fat diet show a significant reduction in body weight and fat composition, with no observable negative effects. Conclusion: Pore size is an important parameter for reduction of body weight and body fat composition by mesoporous silica, demonstrating promising signs for the treatment of obesity.

  • 43.
    Kupferschmidt, Natalia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Biocompatibility and Immunological Evaluation of Mesoporous Silica for use as Potential Adjuvants.2012In: Materials for Tomorrow, 2012Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 44.
    Kupferschmidt, Natalia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Rahman Qazi, Khaleda
    Dept of Medicine Solna, Translational Immunology Unit, KI, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kemi, Cecilia
    Vallhov, Helen
    Dept of Medicine Solna, Translational Immunology Unit, KI, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Mat & Environm Chem, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Gabrielsson, Susanne
    Dept of Medicine Solna, Translational Immunology Unit, KI, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Scheynius, Annika
    Dept of Medicine Solna, Translational Immunology Unit, KI, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Mesoporous silica particles potentiate antigen specific T cell responses2014In: Nanomedicine, ISSN 1743-5889, E-ISSN 1748-6963, Vol. 9, no 12, p. 1835-1846Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 45.
    Kupferschmidt, Natalia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Xia, Xin
    Nanologica AB, Stockholm, och Dept of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University.
    Labrador, Roberto H
    Nanologica AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Atluri, Rambabu
    Nanologica AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ballell, Lluis
    Diseases of the Developing World, GlaxoSmithKline, Madrid, Spanien.
    Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    In vivo oral toxicological evaluation of mesoporous silica particles2013In: Nanomedicine, ISSN 1743-5889, E-ISSN 1748-6963, Vol. 8, no 1, p. 57-64Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Mesoporous silica particles are highly promising nanomaterials for biomedical applications. They can be used to improve bioavailability, solubility and drug stability and to protect drugs from the acidic conditions of the stomach, leading to increased drug effectiveness. Their biocompatibility in vivo has recieved little attention, in particular regarding oral administration. Aim: To study the oral tolerance of micron-sized nanoporous folic acid-templated material-1 (cylindrical, 2D hexagonal pore structure) and nanometer-sized anionic-surfactant-templated mesoporous silica material-6 (cylindrical, 3D cubic pore structure) mesoporous silica particles in Sprague Dawley rats. Materials & methods: A dose stepwise procedure or range finding test was followed by a consequent confirmatory test. The confirmatory test included daily administrations of 2000 and 1200 mg/kg doses for nanoporous folic acid-templated material-1 and anionic-surfactant-templated mesoporous silica material-6, respectively. Results: The maximum tolerated dose for anionic-surfactant-templated mesoporous silica material-6 was not reached. Similar results were observed for nanometer-sized anionic-surfactant-templated mesoporous silica material-1 in most of the animals, although adverse effects were observed in some animals that are most probably due to the administration by oral gavage of the formulated particles. Conclusion: The results are promising for the use of mesoporous silica materials as drug-delivery systems in oral administration.

  • 46. Lund, Kristina
    et al.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Terasaki, Osamu
    Control of particle shape and surface structure of bicontinuous cubic mesoporous AMS-62007Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 47. Lund, Kristina
    et al.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Terasaki, Osamu
    On the use of polymeric dispersant P123 in the synthesis of bicontinuous cubic mesoporous AMS-62007In: Journal of Materials Chemistry, ISSN 0959-9428, E-ISSN 1364-5501, Vol. 17, no 34, p. 3622-3629Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An in-depth study of the synthesis and growth of bicontinuous cubic mesoporous AMS-6 material in the presence of polymeric dispersant P123 is presented, resulting in controlled particle shape attainable over a small range of synthesis conditions. Unlike previous syntheses a remarkable effect on facet formation of the Iad silica particles with cubic morphologies is observed. Trapezoidal icositetrahedra, spherical and elongated morphologies have been prepared with increased faceting on addition of higher concentration of dispersant. Particles are characterised extensively by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen sorption isotherms. Mesoporous materials produced in this study show textural features suggesting a secondary porous network formed on the external surface of the particle and the origin of this secondary porosity is discussed. Based on the reduced dynamics generated by the presence of the P123 dispersant, we suggest possible growth models for the formation of mainly two different morphologies—the thermodynamically favoured trapezoidal icositetrahedron and elongated particles, the latter not following the expected point group symmetry, m3m.

  • 48.
    Mihranyan, Albert
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Nyholm, Leif
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Materials Chemistry.
    Garcia Bennett, Alfonso E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Strömme, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    A Novel High Specific Surface Area Conducting Paper Material Composed of Polypyrrole and Cladophora Cellulose2008In: Journal of Physical Chemistry B, ISSN 1520-6106, E-ISSN 1520-5207, Vol. 112, no 39, p. 12249-12255Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a novel conducting polypyrrole-based composite material, obtained by polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of iron(III) chloride on a cellulose substrate derived from the environmentally polluting Cladophora sp. algae. The material, which was doped with chloride ions, was molded into paper sheets and characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, N2 gas adsorption analysis, cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and conductivity measurements at varying relative humidities. The specific surface area of the composite was found to be 57 m2/g and the fibrous structure of the Cladophora cellulose remained intact even after a 50 nm thick layer of polypyrrole had been coated on the cellulose fibers. The composite could be repeatedly used for electrochemically controlled extraction and desorption of chloride and an ion exchanging capacity of 370 C per g of composite was obtained as a result of the high surface area of the cellulose substrate. The influence of the oxidation and reduction potentials on the chloride ion exchange capacity and the nucleation of delocalized positive charges, forming conductive paths in the polypyrrole film, was also investigated. The creation of conductive paths during oxidation followed an effective medium rather than a percolative behavior, indicating that some conduction paths survive the polymer reduction steps. The present high surface area material should be well-suited for use in, e.g., electrochemically controlled ion exchange or separation devices, as well as sensors based on the fact that the material is compact, light, mechanically stable, and moldable into paper sheets.

  • 49. Miyasaka, Keiichi
    et al.
    Bennett, Alfonso Garcia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Han, Lu
    Han, Yu
    Xiao, Changhong
    Fujita, Nobuhisa
    Castle, Toen
    Sakamoto, Yasuhiro
    Che, Shunai
    Terasaki, Osamu
    The role of curvature in silica mesoporous crystals2012In: Interface Focus, ISSN 2042-8898, Vol. 2, no 5, p. 634-644Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Silica mesoporous crystals (SMCs) offer a unique opportunity to study micellar mesophases. Replication of non-equilibrium mesophases into porous silica structures allows the characterization of surfactant phases under a variety of chemical and physical perturbations, through methods not typically accessible to liquid crystal chemists. A poignant example is the use of electron microscopy and crystallography, as discussed herein, for the purpose of determining the fundamental role of amphiphile curvature, namely mean curvature and Gaussian curvature, which have been extensively studied in various fields such as polymer, liquid crystal, biological membrane, etc. The present work aims to highlight some current studies devoted to the interface curvature on SMCs, in which electron microscopy and electron crystallography (EC) are used to understand the geometry of silica wall surface in bicontinuous and cage-type mesostructures through the investigation of electrostatic potential maps. Additionally, we show that by altering the synthesis conditions during the preparation of SMCs, it is possible to isolate particles during micellar mesophase transformations in the cubic bicontinuous system, allowing us to view and study epitaxial relations under the specific synthesis conditions. By studying the relationship between mesoporous structure, interface curvature and micellar mesophases using electron microscopy and EC, we hope to bring new insights into the formation mechanism of these unique materials but also contribute a new way of understanding periodic liquid crystal systems.

  • 50. Shen, S
    et al.
    Garcia Bennett, A E
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Nanotechnology and Functional Materials.
    Liu, Z
    Lu, Q
    Shi, Y
    Yan, Y
    Liu, W
    Cai, Y
    Terasaki, O
    Zhao, D
    Three-Dimensional Low Symmetry Highly Ordered Mesoporous Silica Structures Templated with Tetra-Head Group Rigid Bolaform Quaternary Ammonium Surfactant2005In: J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 127, p. 6780-6787Article in journal (Refereed)
12 1 - 50 of 68
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