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  • 1.
    Bergquist, Maria
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Klinisk fysiologi. Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Rheumatol & Inflammat Res, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hastbacka, Johanna
    Univ Helsinki, Intens Care Med, Dept Anesthesiol Intens Care Med & Pain Med, Helsinki, Finland;Helsinki Univ Hosp, Helsinki, Finland.
    Glaumann, Christian
    Uppsala Univ Hosp, Burn Ctr, Dept Plast & Maxillofacial Surg, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi. Uppsala Univ Hosp, Burn Ctr, Dept Plast & Maxillofacial Surg, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Lipcsey, Miklós
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    The time-course of the inflammatory response to major burn injury and its relation to organ failure and outcome2019Ingår i: Burns, ISSN 0305-4179, E-ISSN 1879-1409, Vol. 45, nr 2, s. 354-363Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Burn injury causes major inflammatory activation and cytokine release, however, the temporal resolution of the acute and sub-acute inflammatory response has not yet been fully delineated. To this end, we have quantified 20 inflammatory mediators in plasma from 44 adult patients 0-21 days after burn injury and related the time course of these mediators to % total body surface area (TBSA) burned, clinical parameters, organ failure and outcome. Of the cytokines analyzed in these patients, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-10 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) correlated to the size of the injury at 24-48h after burn injury. In our study, the concentration of IL-10 had prognostic value in patients with burn injury both measured at admission and at 24-48h after injury. However, simple demographic data such as age, % burned TBSA, inhalation injury and their combination, the Baux score and modified Baux score, outperform most of the cytokines, with the exception of IL-8 and MCP1 levels on admission, in predicting death.

  • 2.
    Bergquist, Maria
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi. Uppsala Burn Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala Burn Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Hedenstierna, Göran
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Hästbacka, Johanna
    Intensive Care Medicine Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
    Rockwood, Alan L.
    ARUP Institute for Clinical & Experimental Pathology, 500 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1221, USA;Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA.
    Kushnir, Mark M.
    ARUP Institute for Clinical & Experimental Pathology, 500 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1221, USA;Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA.
    Bergquist, Jonas
    Uppsala universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Kemiska sektionen, Institutionen för kemi - BMC, Analytisk kemi. Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA.
    Altered adrenal and gonadal steroids biosynthesis in patients with burn injury2016Ingår i: Clinical Mass Spectrometry, ISSN 2213-8005, E-ISSN 2376-9998, Vol. 1, s. 19-26Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Burn injury inevitably leads to changes in the endogenous production of cytokines, as well as adrenal and gonadal steroids. Previous studies have reported gender-related differences in outcome following burn injury, which suggests that gonadal steroids may play a role. The aim of this study was to assess alterations in concentration of endogenous steroids in patients with burn injury.

    Methods: For this single-center, prospective descriptive study, high-sensitivity liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based steroid quantification was used to determine longitudinal profiles of the concentrations of endogenous steroids in plasma from sixteen adult male patients with burn injury (14.5-72% of total body surface area). Steroids were extracted from plasma samples and analyzed using multiple reaction monitoring acquisition, with electrospray ionization on a triple quadruple mass spectrometer. Total protein concentration was measured in the samples using spectrophotometry.

    Results: Steroid and total protein concentration distributions were compared to reference intervals characteristic of healthy adult men. Concentrations of the following steroids in plasma of burn injured patients were found to correlate positively to the area of the burn injury: cortisol (r = 0.84), corticosterone (r = 0.73), 11-deoxycortisol (r = 0.72), androstenedione (r = 0.72), 17OH-progesterone (r = 0.68), 17OH-pregnenolone (r = 0.64) and pregnenolone (r = 0.77). Concentrations of testosterone decreased during the acute phase and were up to ten-times lower than reference values for healthy adult men, while concentrations of estrone were elevated. By day 21 after injury, testosterone concentrations were increased in younger, but not older, patients. The highest concentrations of estrone were observed on day 3 after the injury and then declined by day 21 to concentrations comparable to those observed on the day of the injury.

    Conclusion: Burn injury alters endogenous steroid biosynthesis, with decreased testosterone concentrations and elevated estrone concentrations, during the first 21 days after the injury. Concentrations of glucocorticoids, progestagens and androgen precursors correlated positively with the area of burn injury. The finding of increased estrone following burn injury needs to be confirmed in a larger hypothesis driven study.

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  • 3.
    Bergquist, Maria
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Klinisk fysiologi.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi.
    Hästbacka, Johanna
    Lindholm, Catharina
    Martijn, Cecile
    Uppsala universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Kemiska sektionen, Institutionen för kemi - BMC.
    Rylander, Christian
    Hedenstierna, Göran
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Klinisk fysiologi.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Glucocorticoid receptor expression and binding capacity in patients with burn injury2016Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-5172, E-ISSN 1399-6576, Vol. 60, nr 2, s. 213-221Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Burn injuries are associated with strong inflammation and risk of secondary sepsis which both may affect the function of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The aim of this study was to determine GR expression and binding capacity in leucocytes from patients admitted to a tertiary burn center.

    Methods

    Blood was sampled from 13 patients on admission and days 7, 14 and 21, and once from 16 healthy subjects. Patients were grouped according to the extent of burn and to any sepsis on day 7. Expression and binding capacity of GR were determined as arbitrary units using flow cytometry.

    Results

    GR expression and binding capacity were increased compared to healthy subjects in most circulating leucocyte subsets on admission irrespective of burn size. Patients with sepsis on day 7 displayed increased GR expression in T lymphocytes (51.8%, < 0.01) compared to admission. There was a negative correlation between GR binding capacity in neutrophils and burn size after 14 days (< 0.05).

    Conclusions

    GR expression and binding capacity are increased in most types of circulating leucocytes of severely burned patients on their admission to specialized burn care. If sepsis is present after 1 week, it is associated with higher GR expression in T lymphocytes and NK cells.

  • 4.
    Fransén, Jian
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi.
    Lundin, Johan
    Karolinska Institute Department of Global Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden;FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Helsinki, Finland.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi. Department of Plastic- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    A proof-of-concept study on mortality prediction with machine learning algorithms using burn intensive care data2022Ingår i: Scars, Burns & Healing, ISSN 2059-5131Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction

    Burn injuries are a common traumatic injury. Large burns have high mortality requiring intensive care and accurate mortality predictions. To assess if machine learning (ML) could improve predictions, ML algorithms were tested and compared with the original and revised Baux score.

    Methods

    Admission data and mortality outcomes were collected from patients at Uppsala University Hospital Burn Centre from 2002 to 2019. Prognostic variables were selected, ML algorithms trained and predictions assessed by analysis of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Comparison was made with Baux scores using DeLong test.

    Results

    A total of 17 prognostic variables were selected from 92 patients. AUCs in leave-one-out cross-validation for a decision tree model, an extreme boosting model, a random forest model, a support-vector machine (SVM) model and a generalised linear regression model (GLM) were 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.72–0.94), 0.92 (95% CI = 0.84–1), 0.92 (95% CI = 0.84–1), 0.92 (95% CI = 0.84–1) and 0.84 (95% CI = 0.74–0.94), respectively. AUCs for the Baux score and revised Baux score were 0.85 (95% CI = 0.75–0.95) and 0.84 (95% CI = 0.74–0.94). No significant differences were observed when comparing ML algorithms with Baux score and revised Baux score. Secondary variable selection was made to analyse model performance.

    Conclusion

    This proof-of-concept study showed initial credibility in using ML algorithms to predict mortality in burn patients. The sample size was small and future studies are needed with larger sample sizes, further variable selections and prospective testing of the algorithms.

  • 5.
    Fredén, Filip
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Berglund, Jan Erik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Reber, Adrian
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Högman, Marie-Ann
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Klinisk fysiologi.
    Hedenstierna, Göran
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Klinisk fysiologi.
    Inhalation of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor to a hypoxic or collapsed lung lobe in anaesthetized pigs: effects on pulmonary blood flow distribution1996Ingår i: British Journal of Anaesthesia, ISSN 0007-0912, E-ISSN 1471-6771, Vol. 77, nr 3, s. 413-418Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    I.v. administration of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), not only reduces blood flow in a hypoxic lung region but also causes systemic vasoconstriction and a decrease in cardiac output. In this study, we delivered nebulized L-NAME 0.2-1 mg kg-1 to the left lower lobe of 10 anaesthetized pigs. The left lower lobe was made hypoxic by selective inhalation of 5% oxygen or collapsed by interrupted ventilation, or both. Inhalation of L-NAME reduced fractional blood flow to the left lower lobe from 5.3 (SD 3.1)% to 1.7 (1.4)% (P < 0.05) in lobar hypoxia and from 6.0 (3.3) to 2.7 (2.7)% (P < 0.05) in lobar collapse. These reductions were accompanied by a significant increase in PaO2. There were no significant changes in arterial pressure, cardiac output or heart rate. We have shown that selective inhalation of L-NAME reduced blood flow to a hypoxic or collapsed lung region without systemic effects. The possible role for nitric oxide synthase inhibition in reducing shunt during one-lung ventilation, however, requires further study.

  • 6.
    Frestadius, Andrea
    et al.
    Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Plast & Maxillofacial Surg, Burn Ctr, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Grehn, Filip
    Vrinnevi Cty Hosp, S-60182 Norrköping, Sweden.
    Kildal, Morten
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi. Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Plast & Maxillofacial Surg, Burn Ctr, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi. Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Plast & Maxillofacial Surg, Burn Ctr, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Burn Center, Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Intranasal dexmedetomidine and rectal ketamine for young children undergoing burn wound procedures2022Ingår i: Burns, ISSN 0305-4179, E-ISSN 1879-1409, Vol. 48, nr 6, s. 1445-1451Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Safe and effective methods for sedation and analgesia in pediatric burn patients are strongly warranted. This retrospective study of electronic health care records aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with rectal ketamine as procedural sedation for young children undergoing dressing changes and debridement of burn wounds.

    Methods: Documentation was analyzed from 90 procedures in 58 pediatric patients aged <5 years. Safety and efficacy of the method were assessed based on documentation for complications, adverse effects, pain level, level of sedation and preoperative and recovery time.

    Results: All 90 sedations were completed without significant adverse events with acute airway management or medical intervention. The combination of dexmedetomidine-ketamine produced acceptable analgesia during the procedure and effectively relieved postoperative pain. However, the approach was insufficient for 7/58 patients (7.8%); these patients were converted from the dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination to intravenous anesthesia. In 23% of the cases an extra dose of either ketamine of dexmedetomidine was administered. Moreover, there were two cases of delayed awakening with recovery time >120 min.

    Conclusion: The drug combination intranasal dexmedetomidine and rectal ketamine is a safe and reliable approach for procedural sedation and analgesia in pediatric patients undergoing burn wound procedures, producing a clinically stable sedative condition requiring only basic monitoring.

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  • 7. Hastbacka, Johanna
    et al.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Hult, Maarit
    Bergquist, Maria
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Klinisk fysiologi.
    Wilkman, Erika
    Vuola, Jyrki
    Sorsa, Timo
    Tervahartiala, Taina
    Huss, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi.
    Matrix Metalloproteinases-8 and-9 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Burn Patients. A Prospective Observational Study2015Ingår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 10, nr 5, artikel-id e0125918Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -8 and -9 are released from neutrophils in acute inflammation and may contribute to permeability changes in burn injury. In retrospective studies on sepsis, levels of MMP-8, MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) differed from those of healthy controls, and TIMP-1 showed an association with outcome. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between these proteins and disease severity and outcome in burn patients. Methods In this prospective, observational, two-center study, we collected plasma samples from admission to day 21 post-burn, and burn blister fluid samples on admission. We compared MMP-8, -9, and TIMP-1 levels between TBSA<20% (N = 19) and TBSA>20% (N = 30) injured patients and healthy controls, and between 90-day survivors and non-survivors. MMP-8, -9, and TIMP-1 levels at 24-48 hours from injury, their maximal levels, and their time-adjusted means were compared between groups. Correlations with clinical parameters and the extent of burn were analyzed. MMP-8, -9, and TIMP-1 levels in burn blister fluids were also studied. Results Plasma MMP-8 and -9 were higher in patients than in healthy controls (P<0.001 and P = 0.016), but only MMP-8 differed between the TBSA<20% and TBSA>20% groups. MMP-8 and -9 were not associated with clinical severity or outcome measures. TIMP-1 differed significantly between patients and controls (P<0.001) and between TBSA<20% and TBSA>20% groups (P<0.002). TIMP-1 was associated with 90-day mortality and correlated with the extent of injury and clinical measures of disease severity. TIMP-1 may serve as a new biomarker in outcome prognostication of burn patients.

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  • 8.
    Holm, Sebastian
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi. Burn Centre, Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Engström, Olof
    Burn Centre, Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Melander, Marielle
    Division for Forensic Medicine in Uppsala, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Horvath, Monika C.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Rättsmedicin. Division for Forensic Medicine in Uppsala, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Lipcsey, Miklós
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Huss, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi. Burn Centre, Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Cutaneous steam burns and steam inhalation injuries: a literature review and a case presentation2022Ingår i: European journal of plastic surgery, ISSN 0930-343X, E-ISSN 1435-0130, Vol. 45, nr 6, s. 881-896Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Scald is one type of burn that s often mentioned alone and occurs mostly in the paediatric population. Inhaled steam is mostly cooled off in the airways, why thermal damage is rarely seen. A sudden exposure to hot steam/inhalation can cause a thermal inhalation injury. A scoping review was performed, with the aim to summarize all published papers in English, about steam-related injuries. The search was conducted using the PubMed (R) and Cochrane libraries on 19th of May 2021, without a set time period. Out of a total of 1186 identified records, 31 were chosen for review. Burns related to the contact with steam are generally rare and can be both minor and severe. The more severe cases related to steam exposure are mostly workplace accidents and the minor injuries reported in the literature are often related to steam inhalation therapy, especially in the paediatric population. This review describes the challenges that can be found dealing with patients suffering from cutaneous steam burns and/or steam inhalation injuries. A steam injury to the airways or the skin can be directly life-threatening and should be treated with caution. This type of injury can lead to acute respiratory insufficiency and sometimes death. A case of a male patient with extensive cutaneous steam burns and a steam inhalation injury who passed away after 11 days of treatment is also presented to illustrate this review. Level of evidence: Level V, Therapeutic; Risk/Prognostic Study.

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  • 9.
    Hultström, Michael
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinsk cellbiologi, Integrativ Fysiologi. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Hellkvist, Ola
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Covaciu, Lucian
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Frithiof, Robert
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Lipcsey, Miklós
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Perchiazzi, Gaetano
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Pellegrini, Mariangela
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Limitations of the ARDS criteria during high-flow oxygen or non-invasive ventilation: evidence from critically ill COVID-19 patients2022Ingår i: Critical Care, ISSN 1364-8535, E-ISSN 1466-609X, Vol. 26, artikel-id 55Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to inspired oxygen fraction (PaO2/FIO2) during invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) is used as criteria to grade the severity of respiratory failure in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). During the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, the use of PaO2/FIO2 ratio has been increasingly used in non-invasive respiratory support such as high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV). The grading of hypoxemia in non-invasively ventilated patients is uncertain. The main hypothesis, investigated in this study, was that the PaO2/FIO2 ratio does not change when switching between MV, NIV and HFNC.

    Methods: We investigated respiratory function in critically ill patients with COVID-19 included in a single-center prospective observational study of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden. In a steady state condition, the PaO2/FIO2 ratio was recorded before and after any change between two of the studied respiratory support techniques (i.e., HFNC, NIV and MV).

    Results: A total of 148 patients were included in the present analysis. We find that any change in respiratory support from or to HFNC caused a significant change in PaO2/FIO2 ratio. Changes in respiratory support between NIV and MV did not show consistent change in PaO2/FIO2 ratio. In patients classified as mild to moderate ARDS during MV, the change from HFNC to MV showed a variable increase in PaO2/FIO2 ratio ranging between 52 and 140 mmHg (median of 127 mmHg). This made prediction of ARDS severity during MV from the apparent ARDS grade during HFNC impossible.

    Conclusions: HFNC is associated with lower PaO2/FIO2 ratio than either NIV or MV in the same patient, while NIV and MV provided similar PaO2/FIO2 and thus ARDS grade by Berlin definition. The large variation of PaO2/FIO2 ratio indicates that great caution should be used when estimating ARDS grade as a measure of pulmonary damage during HFNC.

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  • 10.
    Karlsson, Victoria
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa. Univ Childrens Hosp, Neonatol Div, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Sporre, Bengt
    Uppsala Univ Hosp, Anaesthesiol & Intens Care Div, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Ågren, Johan
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa. Univ Childrens Hosp, Neonatol Div, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Randomized controlled trial of low vs high oxygen during neonatal anesthesia: Oxygenation, feasibility, and oxidative stress2022Ingår i: Pediatric Anaesthesia, ISSN 1155-5645, E-ISSN 1460-9592, Vol. 32, nr 9, s. 1062-1069Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background To reduce risk for intermittent hypoxia a high fraction of inspired oxygen is routinely used during anesthesia induction. This differs from the cautious dosing of oxygen during neonatal resuscitation and intensive care and may result in significant hyperoxia. Aim In a randomized controlled trial, we evaluated oxygenation during general anesthesia with a low (23%) vs a high (80% during induction and recovery, and 40% during maintenance) fraction of inspired oxygen, in newborn infants undergoing surgery. Method Thirty-five newborn infants with postconceptional age of 35-44 weeks were included (17 infants in low and 18 in high oxygen group). Oxygenation was monitored by transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen, pulse oximetry, and cerebral oxygenation. Predefined SpO2 safety targets dictated when to increase inspired oxygen. Results At start of anesthesia, oxygenation was similar in both groups. Throughout anesthesia, the high oxygen group displayed significant hyperoxia with higher (difference-20.3 kPa, 95% confidence interval (CI)-28.4 to 12.2, p < .001) transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen values than the low oxygen group. While SpO2 in the low oxygen group was lower (difference - 5.8%, 95% CI -9.3 to -2.4, p < .001) during anesthesia, none of the infants spent enough time below SpO(2) safety targets to mandate supplemental oxygen, and cerebral oxygenation was within the normal range and not statistically different between the groups. Analysis of the oxidative stress biomarker urinary F-2-Isoprostane revealed no differences between the low and high oxygen group. Conclusion We conclude that in healthy newborn infants, use of low oxygen during general anesthesia was feasible, while the prevailing practice of using high levels of inspired oxygen resulted in significant hyperoxia. The trade-off between careful dosing of oxygen and risks of hypo- and hyperoxia in neonatal anesthesia should be further examined.

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  • 11.
    Karlsson, Victoria
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa.
    Sporre, Bengt
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Ågren, Johan
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Forskargrupper (Inst. för kvinnor och barns hälsa), Perinatal, neonatal och barnkardiologisk forskning.
    Randomized controlled trial of room air vs. 80% oxygen for induction of neonatal anesthesia: Feasibility and safetyManuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 12.
    Nielsen, Jonas
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Nilsson, Manja
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Hultman, Jan
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Alström, Ulrika
    Kjergaard, Jesper
    Hedenstierna, Göran
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Larsson, Anders
    Central hemodynamics during lung recruitment maneuvers at hypovolemia, normovolemia and hypervolemia. A study by echocardiography and continuous pulmonary artery flow measurements in lung-injured pigs.2006Ingår i: Intensive Care Med, ISSN 0342-4642, Vol. 32, nr 4, s. 585-594Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 13.
    Nilsson, Manja C. A.
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Wiklund, Peter
    Karolinska universitetssjukhus.
    Bergquist, Maria
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper.
    Hambraeus-Jonzon, Kristina
    Karolinska universitetssjukhus.
    Hypercapnic acidosis transiently weakens hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in anesthetized pigs, without affecting the endogenous pulmonary nitric oxide production.2012Ingår i: Intensive Care Medicine, ISSN 0342-4642, E-ISSN 1432-1238, Vol. 38, nr 3, s. 509-517Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose  Hypercapnic acidosis often occurs in critically ill patients and during protective mechanical ventilation; however, the effect of hypercapnic acidosis on endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) presents conflicting results. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that hypercapnic acidosis augments HPV without changing endogenous NO production in both hyperoxic and hypoxic lung regions in pigs.

    Methods  Sixteen healthy anesthetized pigs were separately ventilated with hypoxic gas to the left lower lobe (LLL) and hyperoxic gas to the rest of the lung. Eight pigs received 10% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation to both lung regions (hypercapnia group), and eight pigs formed the control group. NO concentration in exhaled air (ENO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in lung tissue, and regional pulmonary blood flow were measured.

    Results  There were no differences between the groups for ENO, Ca2+-independent or Ca2+-dependent NOS activity, or cGMP in hypoxic or hyperoxic lung regions. Relative perfusion to LLL (Q LLL/Q T) was reduced similarly in both groups when LLL hypoxia was induced. During the first 90 min of hypercapnia, Q LLL/Q T increased from 6% (1%) [mean (standard deviation, SD)] to 9% (2%) (p < 0.01), and then decreased to the same level as the control group, where Q LLL/Q T remained unchanged. Cardiac output increased during hypercapnia (p < 0.01), resulting in increased oxygen delivery (p < 0.01), despite decreased PaO2 (p < 0.01).

    Conclusions  Hypercapnic acidosis does not potentiate HPV, but rather transiently weakens HPV, and does not affect endogenous NO production in either hypoxic or hyperoxic lung regions.

  • 14.
    Nilsson, Manja
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Hambraeus-Jonzon, Kristina
    Karolinska universitetssjukhus.
    Alving, Kjell
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Pediatrik.
    Wiklund, Peter
    Karolinska universitetssjukhus.
    Bergquist, Maria
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Distant effects of nitric oxide inhalation in lavage induced lung injury in anaesthetised pigs2013Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-5172, E-ISSN 1399-6576, Vol. 57, nr 3, s. 326-333Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Inhalation of nitric oxide (INO) exerts both local and distanteffects. INO in healthy pigs causes down-regulation of endogenous nitric oxide(NO) production and vasoconstriction in lung regions not reached by INO, especially in hypoxic regions, which augments hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. In contrast, in pigs with endotoxemia-induced lung injury, INO causes increased NO production in lung regions not reached by INO. The aim ofthis study was to investigate whether INO exerts distant effects in surfactant-depleted lungs. Methods Twelve pigs were anaesthetised, and the left lower lobe (LLL) was separately ventilated. Lavage injury was induced in all lung regions, except the LLL. In six pigs, 40 ppm INO was given to the LLL (INO group), and theeffects on endogenous NO production and blood flow in the lavage-injured lungregions were studied. Six pigs served as a control group. NO concentration inexhaled air (ENO), NO synthase (NOS) activity and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in lung tissue, and regional pulmonary blood flow were measured. Results The calcium (Ca2+)-dependent NOS activity was lower (P<0.05) in the lavage-injured lung regions in the INO group than in the control group. There were no measurable differences between the groups for Ca2+-independent NOS activity, cGMP, ENO, or regional pulmonary blood flow. Conclusions Regional INO did not increase endogenous NO production in lavage-injured lung regions not directly reached by INO, but instead down-regulated the constitutive calcium-dependent nitric oxide synthase activity, indicating that NO may inhibit its own synthesis.

  • 15.
    Pellegrini, Mariangela
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Gudmundsson, Magni
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Bencze, Reka
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Segelsjö, Monica
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Radiologi. Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Radiol, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Rylander, Christian
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Hedenstierna, Göran
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Perchiazzi, Gaetano
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Expiratory Resistances Prevent Expiratory Diaphragm Contraction, Flow Limitation, and Lung Collapse2020Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, ISSN 1073-449X, E-ISSN 1535-4970, Vol. 201, nr 10, s. 1218-1229Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Rationale: Tidal expiratory flow limitation (tidal-EFL) is not completely avoidable by applying positive end-expiratory pressure and may cause respiratory and hemodynamic complications in ventilated patients with lungs prone to collapse. During spontaneous breathing, expiratory diaphragmatic contraction counteracts tidal-EFL. We hypothesized that during both spontaneous breathing and controlled mechanical ventilation, external expiratory resistances reduce tidal-EFL.

    Objectives: To assess whether external expiratory resistances 1) affect expiratory diaphragmatic contraction during spontaneous breathing, 2) reduce expiratory flow and make lung compartments more homogeneous with more similar expiratory time constants, and 3) reduce tidal atelectasis, preventing hyperinflation.

    Methods: Three positive end-expiratory pressure levels and four external expiratory resistances were tested in 10 pigs after lung lavage. We analyzed expiratory diaphragmatic electric activity and respiratory mechanics. On the basis of computed tomography scans, four lung compartments-not inflated (atelectasis), poorly inflated, normally inflated, and hyperinflated-were defined.

    Measurements and Main Results: Consequently to additional external expiratory resistances, and mainly in lungs prone to collapse (at low positive end-expiratory pressure), 1) the expiratory transdiaphragmatic pressure decreased during spontaneous breathing by >10%, 2) expiratory flow was reduced and the expiratory time constants became more homogeneous, and 3) the amount of atelectasis at end-expiration decreased from 24% to 16% during spontaneous breathing and from 32% to 18% during controlled mechanical ventilation, without increasing hyperinflation.

    Conclusions: The expiratory modulation induced by external expiratory resistances preserves the positive effects of the expiratory brake while minimizing expiratory diaphragmatic contraction. External expiratory resistances optimize lung mechanics and limit tidal-EFL and tidal atelectasis, without increasing hyperinflation.

  • 16. Persson, A
    et al.
    Myrlund, H
    Huss, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Plastikkirurgi.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Is Nitrous oxide effective enough as wound care analgesia in an outpatient clinic?2015Ingår i: Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters, ISSN 1121-1539, E-ISSN 1592-9558Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 17.
    Reinius, Henrik
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Batista Borges, João
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Laboratório de Pneumologia LIM–09, Disciplina de Pneumologia, Heart Institute (Incor) Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
    Engström, Joakim
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Ahlgren, Oskar
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Lennmyr, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Optimal PEEP during one-lung ventilation with capnothorax: An experimental study2019Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-5172, E-ISSN 1399-6576, Vol. 63, nr 2, s. 222-231Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: One‐lung ventilation (OLV) with induced capnothorax carries the risk of severely impaired ventilation and circulation. Optimal PEEP may mitigate the physiological perturbations during these conditions.

    Methods: Right‐sided OLV with capnothorax (16 cm H2O) on the left side was initiated in eight anesthetized, muscle‐relaxed piglets. A recruitment maneuver and a decremental PEEP titration from PEEP 20 cm H2O to zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) was performed. Regional ventilation and perfusion were studied with electrical impedance tomography and computer tomography of the chest was used. End‐expiratory lung volume and hemodynamics were recorded and.

    Results: PaO2 peaked at PEEP 12 cm H2O (49 ± 14 kPa) and decreased to 11 ± 5 kPa at ZEEP (P < 0.001). PaCO2 was 9.5 ± 1.3 kPa at 20 cm H2O PEEP and did not change when PEEP step‐wise was reduced to 12 cm H2O PaCO2. At lower PEEP, PaCO2 increased markedly. The ventilatory driving pressure was lowest at PEEP 14 cm H2O (19.6 ± 5.8 cm H2O) and increased to 38.3 ± 6.1 cm H2O at ZEEP (P < 0.001). When reducing PEEP below 12‐14 cm H2O ventilation shifted from the dependent to the nondependent regions of the ventilated lung (P = 0.003), and perfusion shifted from the ventilated to the nonventilated lung (P = 0.02).

    Conclusion: Optimal PEEP was 12‐18 cm H2O and probably relates to capnothorax insufflation pressure. With suboptimal PEEP, ventilation/perfusion mismatch in the ventilated lung and redistribution of blood flow to the nonventilated lung occurred.

  • 18.
    Reinius, Henrik
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Borges, João Batista
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Jideus, Lena
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Thoraxkirurgi.
    Camargo, E. D. L. B.
    Amato, M. B. P.
    Hedenstierna, Göran
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Klinisk fysiologi.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Hedenstiernalaboratoriet.
    Lennmyr, Fredrik
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Real-time ventilation and perfusion distributions by electrical impedance tomography during one-lung ventilation with capnothorax2015Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-5172, E-ISSN 1399-6576, Vol. 59, nr 3, s. 354-368Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Carbon dioxide insufflation into the pleural cavity, capnothorax, with one-lung ventilation (OLV) may entail respiratory and hemodynamic impairments. We investigated the online physiological effects of OLV/capnothorax by electrical impedance tomography (EIT) in a porcine model mimicking the clinical setting.

    Methods: Five anesthetized, muscle-relaxed piglets were subjected to first right and then left capnothorax with an intra-pleural pressure of 19cm H2O. The contra-lateral lung was mechanically ventilated with a double-lumen tube at positive end-expiratory pressure 5 and subsequently 10cm H2O. Regional lung perfusion and ventilation were assessed by EIT. Hemodynamics, cerebral tissue oxygenation and lung gas exchange were also measured.

    Results: During right-sided capnothorax, mixed venous oxygen saturation (P=0.018), as well as a tissue oxygenation index (P=0.038) decreased. There was also an increase in central venous pressure (P=0.006), and a decrease in mean arterial pressure (P=0.045) and cardiac output (P=0.017). During the left-sided capnothorax, the hemodynamic impairment was less than during the right side. EIT revealed that during the first period of OLV/capnothorax, no or very minor ventilation on the right side could be seen (33% vs. 97 +/- 3%, right vs. left, P=0.007), perfusion decreased in the non-ventilated and increased in the ventilated lung (18 +/- 2% vs. 82 +/- 2%, right vs. left, P=0.03). During the second OLV/capnothorax period, a similar distribution of perfusion was seen in the animals with successful separation (84 +/- 4% vs. 16 +/- 4%, right vs. left).

    Conclusion: EIT detected in real-time dynamic changes in pulmonary ventilation and perfusion distributions. OLV to the left lung with right-sided capnothorax caused a decrease in cardiac output, arterial oxygenation and mixed venous saturation.

  • 19.
    Reinius, Henrik
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Jonsson, Lennart
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Gustafsson, Sven
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper.
    Sundbom, Magnus
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Gastrointestinalkirurgi.
    Duvernoy, Olov
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för onkologi, radiologi och klinisk immunologi, Enheten för radiologi.
    Pelosi, Paolo
    Hedenstierna, Göran
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Klinisk fysiologi.
    Fredén, Filip
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Prevention of atelectasis in morbidly obese patients during general anesthesia and paralysis: a computerized tomography study2009Ingår i: Anesthesiology, ISSN 0003-3022, E-ISSN 1528-1175, Vol. 111, nr 5, s. 979-987Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Morbidly obese patients show impaired pulmonary function during anesthesia and paralysis, partly due to formation of atelectasis. This study analyzed the effect of general anesthesia and three different ventilatory strategies to reduce the amount of atelectasis and improve respiratory function. METHODS: Thirty patients (body mass index 45 +/- 4 kg/m) scheduled for gastric bypass surgery were prospectively randomized into three groups: (1) positive end-expiratory pressure of 10 cm H2O (PEEP), (2) a recruitment maneuver with 55 cm H2O for 10 s followed by zero end-expiratory pressure, (3) a recruitment maneuver followed by PEEP. Transverse lung computerized tomography scans and blood gas analysis were recorded: awake, 5 min after induction of anesthesia and paralysis at zero end-expiratory pressure, and 5 min and 20 min after intervention. In addition, spiral computerized tomography scans were performed at two occasions in 23 of the patients. RESULTS: After induction of anesthesia, atelectasis increased from 1 +/- 0.5% to 11 +/- 6% of total lung volume (P < 0.0001). End-expiratory lung volume decreased from 1,387 +/- 581 ml to 697 +/- 157 ml (P = 0.0014). A recruitment maneuver + PEEP reduced atelectasis to 3 +/- 4% (P = 0.0002), increased end-expiratory lung volume and increased Pao2/Fio2 from 266 +/- 70 mmHg to 412 +/- 99 mmHg (P < 0.0001). PEEP alone did not reduce the amount of atelectasis or improve oxygenation. A recruitment maneuver + zero end-expiratory pressure had a transient positive effect on respiratory function. All values are presented as mean +/- SD. CONCLUSIONS: A recruitment maneuver followed by PEEP reduced atelectasis and improved oxygenation in morbidly obese patients, whereas PEEP or a recruitment maneuver alone did not.

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