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  • 1.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Argueelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    Natl Res Nucl Univ, MEPhI Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Luenemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Salvado, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia 46071, Spain..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Searches for Sterile Neutrinos with the IceCube Detector2016In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 117, no 7, article id 071801Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The IceCube neutrino telescope at the South Pole has measured the atmospheric muon neutrino spectrum as a function of zenith angle and energy in the approximate 320 GeV to 20 TeV range, to search for the oscillation signatures of light sterile neutrinos. No evidence for anomalous nu(mu) or (nu) over bar (mu) disappearance is observed in either of two independently developed analyses, each using one year of atmospheric neutrino data. New exclusion limits are placed on the parameter space of the 3 + 1 model, in which muon antineutrinos experience a strong Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein-resonant oscillation. The exclusion limits extend to sin(2)2 theta(24) <= 0.02 at Delta m(2) similar to 0.3 eV(2) at the 90% confidence level. The allowed region from global analysis of appearance experiments, including LSND and MiniBooNE, is excluded at approximately the 99% confidence level for the global best-fit value of vertical bar U-e4 vertical bar(2).

  • 2.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Argueelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    Natl Res Nucl Univ, MEPhI Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, O.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Burgman, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Euler, S.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Luenemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Penek, Oe.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, C. Pérez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, R.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relat Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Physikal Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Observation And Characterization Of A Cosmic Muon Neutrino Flux From The Northern Hemisphere Using Six Years Of Icecube Data2016In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 833, no 1, article id 3Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The IceCube Collaboration has previously discovered a high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux using neutrino events with interaction vertices contained within the instrumented volume of the IceCube detector. We present a complementary measurement using charged current muon neutrino events where the interaction vertex can be outside this volume. As a consequence of the large muon range the effective area is significantly larger but the field of view is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere. IceCube data from 2009 through 2015 have been analyzed using a likelihood approach based on the reconstructed muon energy and zenith angle. At the highest neutrino energies between 194 TeV and 7.8 PeV a significant astrophysical contribution is observed, excluding a purely atmospheric origin of these events at 5.6 sigma significance. The data are well described by an isotropic, unbroken power-law flux with a normalization at 100 TeV neutrino energy of (0.90(-0.27)(+0.30)) x 10(-18) GeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) and a hard spectral index of gamma = 2.13 +/- 0.13. The observed spectrum is harder in comparison to previous IceCube analyses with lower energy thresholds which may indicate a break in the astrophysical neutrino spectrum of unknown origin. The highest-energy event observed has a reconstructed muon energy of (4.5 +/- 1.2) PeV which implies a probability of less than 0.005% for this event to be of atmospheric origin. Analyzing the arrival directions of all events with reconstructed muon energies above 200 TeV no correlation with known gamma-ray sources was found. Using the high statistics of atmospheric neutrinos we report the current best constraints on a prompt atmospheric muon neutrino flux originating from charmed meson decays which is below 1.06 in units of the flux normalization of the model in Enberg et al.

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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys & Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys & Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K-H
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    Natl Res Nucl Univ, MEPhI Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Boersma, David. J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H-P
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S IA7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    del Rosendo, E. Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evans, J. J.
    Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Oxford M13 9PL, England..
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C-C
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haugen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kalekin, O.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karagiorgi, G.
    Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys & Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katori, T.
    Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London E1 4NS, England..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krauss, C. B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    LoSecco, J.
    Univ Notre Dame Lac, Dept Phys, 225 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandalia, S.
    Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London E1 4NS, England..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Marka, S.
    Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys & Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Marka, Z.
    Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys & Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palazzo, A.
    Max Planck Inst Phys Werner Heisenberg Inst, Fohringer Ring 6, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Penek, Oe
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Petersen, T. C.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Pinfold, J. L.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sandstrom, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Shaevitz, M. H.
    Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys & Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Soeldner-Rembold, S.
    Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Oxford M13 9PL, England..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys & Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Taketa, A.
    Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Tanaka, H. K. M.
    Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Wren, S.
    Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Oxford M13 9PL, England..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    PINGU: a vision for neutrino and particle physics at the South Pole2017In: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, ISSN 0954-3899, E-ISSN 1361-6471, Vol. 44, no 5, article id 054006Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Precision IceCube Next Generation Upgrade (PINGU) is a proposed low-energy in-fill extension to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. With detection technology modeled closely on the successful IceCube example, PINGU will provide a 6 Mton effective mass for neutrino detection with an energy threshold of a few GeV. With an unprecedented sample of over 60 000 atmospheric neutrinos per year in this energy range, PINGU will make highly competitive measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters in an energy range over an order of magnitude higher than long-baseline neutrino beam experiments. PINGU will measure the mixing parameters theta(23) and Delta m(32)(2), including the octant of theta(23) for a wide range of values, and determine the neutrino mass ordering at 3 sigma median significance within five years of operation. PINGU's high precision measurement of the rate of nu(T) appearance will provide essential tests of the unitarity of the 3 x 3 PMNS neutrino mixing matrix. PINGU will also improve the sensitivity of searches for low mass dark matter in the Sun, use neutrino tomography to directly probe the composition of the Earth's core, and improve IceCube's sensitivity to neutrinos from Galactic supernovae. Reoptimization of the PINGU design has permitted substantial reduction in both cost and logistical requirements while delivering performance nearly identical to configurations previously studied.

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    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Natl Res Nucl Univ, Moscow Engn Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S IA7, Canada..
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    Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de Los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    All-flavour search for neutrinos from dark matter annihilations in the Milky Way with IceCube/DeepCore2016In: European Physical Journal C, ISSN 1434-6044, E-ISSN 1434-6052, Vol. 76, no 10, article id 531Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present the first IceCube search for a signal of dark matter annihilations in the Milky Way using all-flavour neutrino-induced particle cascades. The analysis focuses on the DeepCore sub-detector of IceCube, and uses the surrounding IceCube strings as a veto region in order to select starting events in the DeepCore volume. We use 329 live-days of data from IceCube operating in its 86-string configuration during 2011-2012. No neutrino excess is found, the final result being compatible with the background-only hypothesis. From this null result, we derive upper limits on the velocity-averaged self-annihilation cross-section, , for dark matter candidate masses ranging from 30 GeV up to 10 TeV, assuming both a cuspy and a flat-cored dark matter halo profile. For dark matter masses between 200 GeV and 10 TeV, the results improve on all previous IceCube results on , reaching a level of 10 cm s, depending on the annihilation channel assumed, for a cusped NFW profile. The analysis demonstrates that all-flavour searches are competitive with muon channel searches despite the intrinsically worse angular resolution of cascades compared to muon tracks in IceCube.

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  • 5.
    Aartsen, M. G.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI, Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Penek, Oe.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fac Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    The Contribution Of Fermi-2Lac Blazars To Diffuse Tev-Pev Neutrino Flux2017In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 835, no 1, article id 45Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The recent discovery of a diffuse cosmic neutrino flux extending up to PeV energies raises the question of which astrophysical sources generate this signal. Blazars are one class of extragalactic sources which may produce such high-energy neutrinos. We present a likelihood analysis searching for cumulative neutrino emission from blazars in the 2nd Fermi-LAT AGN catalog (2LAC) using IceCube neutrino data set 2009-12, which was optimized for the detection of individual sources. In contrast to those in previous searches with IceCube, the populations investigated contain up to hundreds of sources, the largest one being the entire blazar sample in the 2LAC catalog. No significant excess is observed, and upper limits for the cumulative flux from these populations are obtained. These constrain the maximum contribution of 2LAC blazars to the observed astrophysical neutrino flux to 27% or less between around 10 TeV and 2 PeV, assuming the equipartition of flavors on Earth and a single power-law spectrum with a spectral index of -2.5. We can still exclude the fact that 2LAC blazars (and their subpopulations) emit more than 50% of the observed neutrinos up to a spectral index as hard as -2.2 in the same energy range. Our result takes into account the fact that the neutrino source count distribution is unknown, and it does not assume strict proportionality of the neutrino flux to the measured 2LAC gamma-ray signal for each source. Additionally, we constrain recent models for neutrino emission by blazars.

  • 6.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medical Radiation Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Buzinsky, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    del Pino Rosendo, E.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Fuchs, T.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Ha, C.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ishihara, A.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Katz, U.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Kim, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kruckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Luenemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Matis, H. S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ruhe, T.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Sandrock, A.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Weaver, Ch
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lowering Icecube'S Energy Threshold For Point Source Searches In The Southern Sky2016In: Astrophysical Journal Letters, ISSN 2041-8205, E-ISSN 2041-8213, Vol. 824, no 2, article id L28Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Observation of a point source of astrophysical neutrinos would be a "smoking gun" signature of a cosmic-ray accelerator. While IceCube has recently discovered a diffuse flux of astrophysical neutrinos, no localized point source has been observed. Previous IceCube searches for point sources in the southern sky were restricted by either an energy threshold above a few hundred TeV or poor neutrino angular resolution. Here we present a search for southern sky point sources with greatly improved sensitivities to neutrinos with energies below 100 TeV. By selecting charged-current nu(mu) interacting inside the detector, we reduce the atmospheric background while retaining efficiency for astrophysical neutrino-induced events reconstructed with sub-degree angular resolution. The new event sample covers three years of detector data and leads to a factor of 10 improvement in sensitivity to point sources emitting below 100 TeV in the southern sky. No statistically significant evidence of point sources was found, and upper limits are set on neutrino emission from individual sources. A posteriori analysis of the highest-energy (similar to 100 TeV) starting event in the sample found that this event alone represents a 2.8 sigma deviation from the hypothesis that the data consists only of atmospheric background.

  • 7.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI, Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    deYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kruger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Perez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Lisa E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Search For Sources Of High-Energy Neutrons With Four Years Of Data From The Icetop Detector2016In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 830, no 2, article id 129Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IceTop is an air-shower array located on the Antarctic ice sheet at the geographic South Pole. IceTop can detect an astrophysical flux of neutrons from Galactic sources as an excess of cosmic-ray air showers arriving from the source direction. Neutrons are undeflected by the Galactic magnetic field and can typically travel 10 (E/PeV) pc before decay. Two searches are performed using 4 yr of the IceTop data set to look for a statistically significant excess of events with energies above 10 PeV (10(16) eV) arriving within a small solid angle. The all-sky search method covers from -90 degrees to approximately -50 degrees in declination. No significant excess is found. A targeted search is also performed, looking for significant correlation with candidate sources in different target sets. This search uses a higher-energy cut (100 PeV) since most target objects lie beyond 1 kpc. The target sets include pulsars with confirmed TeV energy photon fluxes and high-mass X-ray binaries. No significant correlation is found for any target set. Flux upper limits are determined for both searches, which can constrain Galactic neutron sources and production scenarios.

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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.;Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kern Phys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercy, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kern Phys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O' Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Constraints on Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic-Ray Sources from a Search for Neutrinos above 10 PeV with IceCube2016In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 117, no 24, article id 241101Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report constraints on the sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) above 10(9) GeV, based on an analysis of seven years of IceCube data. This analysis efficiently selects very high-energy neutrino-induced events which have deposited energies from 5 x 10(5) GeV to above 10(11) GeV. Two neutrino-induced events with an estimated deposited energy of (2.6 +/- 0.3) x 10(6) GeV, the highest neutrino energy observed so far, and (7.7 +/- 2.0) x 10(5) GeV were detected. The atmospheric background-only hypothesis of detecting these events is rejected at 3.6 sigma. The hypothesis that the observed events are of cosmogenic origin is also rejected at > 99% CL because of the limited deposited energy and the nonobservation of events at higher energy, while their observation is consistent with an astrophysical origin. Our limits on cosmogenic neutrino fluxes disfavor the UHECR sources having a cosmological evolution stronger than the star formation rate, e.g., active galactic nuclei and gamma-ray bursts, assuming proton-dominated UHECRs. Constraints on UHECR sources including mixed and heavy UHECR compositions are obtained for models of neutrino production within UHECR sources. Our limit disfavors a significant part of parameter space for active galactic nuclei and new-born pulsar models. These limits on the ultrahigh-energy neutrino flux models are the most stringent to date.

  • 9.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
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    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    First search for dark matter annihilations in the Earth with the IceCube detector2017In: European Physical Journal C, ISSN 1434-6044, E-ISSN 1434-6052, Vol. 77, no 2, article id 82Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present the results of the first IceCube search for dark matter annihilation in the center of the Earth. Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), candidates for dark matter, can scatter off nuclei inside the Earth and fall below its escape velocity. Over time the captured WIMPs will be accumulated and may eventually self-annihilate. Among the annihilation products only neutrinos can escape from the center of the Earth. Large-scale neutrino telescopes, such as the cubic kilometer IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, can be used to search for such neutrino fluxes. Data from 327 days of detector livetime during 2011/2012 were analyzed. No excess beyond the expected background from atmospheric neutrinos was detected. The derived upper limits on the annihilation rate of WIMPs in the Earth (Gamma(A) = 1.12 x 10(14) s(-1) for WIMP masses of 50 GeV annihilating into tau leptons) and the resulting muon flux are an order of magnitude stronger than the limits of the last analysis performed with data from IceCube's predecessor AMANDA. The limits can be translated in terms of a spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section. For a WIMP mass of 50GeV this analysis results in the most restrictive limits achieved with IceCube data.

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  • 10.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Borner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fosig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Franke, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Glusenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kopke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kruckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kruger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ahnen, M. L.
    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland..
    Ansoldi, S.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy..
    Antonelli, L. A.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Antoranz, P.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Babic, A.
    Univ Split, Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Split, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Banerjee, B.
    Saha Inst Nucl Phys, 1 AF Bidhannagar,Salt Lake,Sector 1, Kolkata 700064, India..
    Bangale, P.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    de Almeida, U. Barres
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.;MCTI, CBPF, R Dr Xavier Sigaud 150 Urca, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil..
    Barrio, J. A.
    Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Gonzalez, J. Becerra
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bednarek, W.
    Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland..
    Berti, A.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy..
    Biasuzzi, B.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy..
    Biland, A.
    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland..
    Blanch, O.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Bonnefoy, S.
    Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Bonnoli, G.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Borracci, F.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Bretz, T.
    Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.;Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland..
    Buson, S.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Carosi, A.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Chatterjee, A.
    Saha Inst Nucl Phys, 1 AF Bidhannagar,Salt Lake,Sector 1, Kolkata 700064, India..
    Clavero, R.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain..
    Colin, P.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Colombo, E.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain..
    Contreras, J. L.
    Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Cortina, J.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Covino, S.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Da Vela, P.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Dazzi, F.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    De Angelis, A.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    De Lotto, B.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy..
    Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
    CSIC, IEEC, Inst Space Sci, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Di Pierro, F.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Doert, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Dominguez, A.
    Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Prester, D. Dominis
    Univ Split, Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Split, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Dorner, D.
    Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany..
    Doro, M.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Einecke, S.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Glawion, D. Eisenacher
    Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany..
    Elsaesser, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Engelkemeier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ramazani, V. Fallah
    Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Turku, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, Oulu, Finland..
    Fernandez-Barral, A.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Fidalgo, D.
    Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Fonseca, M. V.
    Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Font, L.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Unitat Fis Radiac, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES, IEEC, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Frantzen, K.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Fruck, C.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Galindo, D.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain..
    Lopez, R. J. Garcia
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain..
    Garczarczyk, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Terrats, D. Garrido
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Unitat Fis Radiac, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES, IEEC, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Gaug, M.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Unitat Fis Radiac, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES, IEEC, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Giammaria, P.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Godinovic, N.
    Univ Split, Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Split, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Munoz, A. Gonzalez
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Gora, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Guberman, D.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Hadasch, D.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    Hahn, A.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Hanabata, Y.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    Hayashida, M.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    Herrera, J.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain..
    Hose, J.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Hrupec, D.
    Univ Split, Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Split, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Hughes, G.
    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland..
    Idec, W.
    Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland..
    Kodani, K.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    Konno, Y.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    Kubo, H.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    Kushida, J.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    La Barbera, A.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Lelas, D.
    Univ Split, Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Split, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Lindfors, E.
    Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Turku, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, Oulu, Finland..
    Lombardi, S.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Longo, F.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy..
    Lopez, M.
    Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Lopez-Coto, R.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain.;Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Majumdar, P.
    Saha Inst Nucl Phys, 1 AF Bidhannagar,Salt Lake,Sector 1, Kolkata 700064, India..
    Makariev, M.
    Inst Nucl Energy Res, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria..
    Mallot, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Maneva, G.
    Inst Nucl Energy Res, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria..
    Manganaro, M.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain..
    Mannheim, K.
    Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany..
    Maraschi, L.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Marcote, B.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain..
    Mariotti, M.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Martinez, M.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Mazin, D.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.;Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Tokyo, Japan..
    Menzel, U.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Miranda, J. M.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Mirzoyan, R.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Moralejo, A.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Moretti, E.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Nakajima, D.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    Neustroev, V.
    Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Turku, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, Oulu, Finland..
    Niedzwiecki, A.
    Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland..
    Rosillo, M. Nievas
    Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Nilsson, K.
    Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Turku, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, Oulu, Finland.;ESO FINCA, Finnish Ctr Astron, Turku, Finland..
    Nishijima, K.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    Noda, K.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Nogues, L.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Overkemping, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Paiano, S.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Palacio, J.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Palatiello, M.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy..
    Paneque, D.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Paoletti, R.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Paredes, J. M.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain..
    Paredes-Fortuny, X.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain..
    Pedaletti, G.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Peresano, M.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy..
    Perri, L.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Persic, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;INAF Trieste, Trieste, Italy.;Univ Bologna, Dept Phys & Astron, Bologna, Italy..
    Poutanen, J.
    Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Turku, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, Oulu, Finland..
    Moroni, P. G. Prada
    Univ Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy..
    Prandini, E.
    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.;ISDC Sci Data Ctr Astrophys, CH-1290 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Puljak, I.
    Univ Split, Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Split, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Reichardt, I.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Ribo, M.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain..
    Rico, J.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Garcia, J. Rodriguez
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Saito, T.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr, Kyoto, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.;KEK, Tokyo, Japan..
    Schroeder, S.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schultz, C.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Schweizer, T.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Sillanpaa, A.
    Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Turku, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, Oulu, Finland..
    Sitarek, J.
    Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland..
    Snidaric, I.
    Univ Split, Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Split, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Sobczynska, D.
    Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland..
    Stamerra, A.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Steinbring, T.
    Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany..
    Strzys, M.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Suric, T.
    Univ Split, Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Split, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Takalo, L.
    Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Turku, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, Oulu, Finland..
    Tavecchio, F.
    INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Temnikov, P.
    Inst Nucl Energy Res, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria..
    Terzic, T.
    Univ Split, Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Split, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Tescaro, D.
    CSIC, IEEC, Inst Space Sci, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Teshima, M.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.;Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Tokyo, Japan..
    Thaele, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Torres, D. F.
    ICREA, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.;CSIC, IEEC, Inst Space Sci, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Toyama, T.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Treves, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vanzo, G.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain..
    Verguilov, V.
    Inst Nucl Energy Res, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria..
    Vovk, I.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Ward, J. E.
    IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain..
    Will, M.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain..
    Wu, M. H.
    CSIC, IEEC, Inst Space Sci, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Zanin, R.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.;Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Abeysekara, A. U.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA..
    Archambault, S.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada..
    Archer, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA..
    Benbow, W.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA..
    Bird, R.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Bourbeau, E.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada..
    Buchovecky, M.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Bugaev, V.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA..
    Byrum, K.
    Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA..
    Cardenzana, J. V.
    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA..
    Cerruti, M.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA..
    Ciupik, L.
    Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA..
    Connolly, M. P.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland..
    Cui, W.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.;Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.;Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China..
    Dickinson, H. J.
    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA..
    Dumm, J.
    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA..
    Eisch, J. D.
    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA..
    Errando, M.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA..
    Falcone, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Feng, Q.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada..
    Finley, J. P.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA..
    Fleischhack, H.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Flinders, A.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA..
    Fortson, L.
    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA..
    Furniss, A.
    Calif State Univ East Bay, Dept Phys, Hayward, CA 94542 USA..
    Gillanders, G. H.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland..
    Griffin, S.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada..
    Grube, J.
    Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA..
    Hutten, M.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Hakansson, N.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany..
    Hervet, O.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Holder, J.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Humensky, T. B.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Johnson, C. A.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Kaaret, P.
    Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA..
    Kar, P.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA..
    Kelley-Hoskins, N.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kertzman, M.
    Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA..
    Kieda, D.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA..
    Krause, M.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krennrich, F.
    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA..
    Kumar, S.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Lang, M. J.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland..
    Maier, G.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    McArthur, S.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA..
    McCann, A.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada..
    Moriarty, P.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland..
    Mukherjee, R.
    Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Nguyen, T.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Nieto, D.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    O'Brien, S.
    Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland..
    Ong, R. A.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Otte, A. N.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Park, N.
    Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA..
    Pohl, M.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany..
    Popkow, A.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Pueschel, E.
    Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland..
    Quinn, J.
    Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland..
    Ragan, K.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada..
    Reynolds, P. T.
    Cork Inst Technol, Dept Phys Sci, Cork, Ireland..
    Richards, G. T.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Roache, E.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA..
    Rulten, C.
    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA..
    Sadeh, I.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Santander, M.
    Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Sembroski, G. H.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA..
    Shahinyan, K.
    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA..
    Staszak, D.
    Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA..
    Telezhinsky, I.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany..
    Tucci, J. V.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA..
    Tyler, J.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada..
    Wakely, S. P.
    Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA..
    Weinstein, A.
    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA..
    Wilcox, P.
    Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA..
    Wilhelm, A.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany..
    Williams, D. A.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Zitzer, B.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada..
    Very high-energy gamma-ray follow-up program using neutrino triggers from IceCube2016In: Journal of Instrumentation, ISSN 1748-0221, E-ISSN 1748-0221, Vol. 11, article id P11009Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We describe and report the status of a neutrino-triggered program in IceCube that generates real-time alerts for gamma-ray follow-up observations by atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC and VERITAS). While IceCube is capable of monitoring the whole sky continuously, high-energy gamma-ray telescopes have restricted fields of view and in general are unlikely to be observing a potential neutrino-flaring source at the time such neutrinos are recorded. The use of neutrino-triggered alerts thus aims at increasing the availability of simultaneous multi-messenger data during potential neutrino flaring activity, which can increase the discovery potential and constrain the phenomenological interpretation of the high-energy emission of selected source classes (e. g. blazars). The requirements of a fast and stable online analysis of potential neutrino signals and its operation are presented, along with first results of the program operating between 14 March 2012 and 31 December 2015.

  • 11.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K-H
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H-P
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C-C
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kruger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Penek, Oe
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    All-sky Search for Time-integrated Neutrino Emission from Astrophysical Sources with 7 yr of IceCube Data2017In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 835, no 2, article id 151Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since the recent detection of an astrophysical flux of high-energy neutrinos, the question of its origin has not yet fully been answered. Much of what is known about this flux comes from a small event sample of high neutrino purity, good energy resolution, but large angular uncertainties. In searches for point-like sources, on the other hand, the best performance is given by using large statistics and good angular reconstructions. Track-like muon events produced in neutrino interactions satisfy these requirements. We present here the results of searches for point-like sources with neutrinos using data acquired by the IceCube detector over 7 yr from 2008 to 2015. The discovery potential of the analysis in the northern sky is now significantly below E(nu)(2)d phi/dE(nu) = 10(-12) TeV cm(-2) s(-1), on average 38% lower than the sensitivity of the previously published analysis of 4 yr exposure. No significant clustering of neutrinos above background expectation was observed, and implications for prominent neutrino source candidates are discussed.

  • 12.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    Beiser, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blumenthal, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medical Radiation Science.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Buzinsky, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Danninger, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Edsjo, J.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gier, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gross, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ha, C.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hulth, P. O.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Matis, H. S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Savage, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schulte, L.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Scott, P.
    Imperial Coll London, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Silverwood, H.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.;Univ Amsterdam, GRAPPA Inst, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Improved limits on dark matter annihilation in the Sun with the 79-string IceCube detector and implications for supersymmetry2016In: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, E-ISSN 1475-7516, no 4, article id 022Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present an improved event-level likelihood formalism for including neutrino telescope data in global fits to new physics. We derive limits on spin-dependent dark matter-proton scattering by employing the new formalism in a re-analysis of data from the 79-string IceCube search for dark matter annihilation in the Sun, including explicit energy information for each event. The new analysis excludes a number of models in the weak-scale minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) for the first time. This work is accompanied by the public release of the 79-string IceCube data, as well as an associated computer code for applying the new likelihood to arbitrary dark matter models.

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  • 13.
    Aartsen, M. G.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Buzinsky, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Fuchs, T.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gier, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ha, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hulth, P. O.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Luenemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Matis, H. S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Carleton Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Northfield, MN 55057 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.;Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.;Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Lisa E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.;Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
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    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Anisotropy In Cosmic-Ray Arrival Directions In The Southern Hemisphere Based On Six Years Of Data From The Icecube Detector2016In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 826, no 2, article id 220Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The IceCube Neutrino Observatory accumulated a total of 318 billion cosmic-ray-induced muon events between 2009 May and 2015 May. This data set was used for a detailed analysis of the sidereal anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays in the TeV to PeV energy range. The observed global sidereal anisotropy features large regions of relative excess and deficit, with amplitudes of the order of 10(-3) up to about 100 TeV. A decomposition of the arrival direction distribution into spherical harmonics shows that most of the power is contained in the low-multipole (l <= 4) moments. However, higher multipole components are found to be statistically significant down to an angular scale of less than 10 degrees, approaching the angular resolution of the detector. Above 100 TeV, a change in the morphology of the arrival direction distribution is observed, and the anisotropy is characterized by a wide relative deficit whose amplitude increases with primary energy up to at least 5 PeV, the highest energies currently accessible to IceCube. No time dependence of the large-and small-scale structures is observed in the period of six years covered by this analysis. The high-statistics data set reveals more details of the properties of the anisotropy and is potentially able to shed light on the various physical processes that are responsible for the complex angular structure and energy evolution.

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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Matis, H. S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    An All-Sky Search For Three Flavors Of Neutrinos From Gamma-Ray Bursts With The Icecube Neutrino Observatory2016In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 824, no 2, article id 115Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present the results and methodology of a search for neutrinos produced in the decay of charged pions created in interactions between protons and gamma-rays during the prompt emission of 807 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) over the entire sky. This three-year search is the first in IceCube for shower-like Cherenkov light patterns from electron, muon, and tau neutrinos correlated with GRBs. We detect five low-significance events correlated with five GRBs. These events are consistent with the background expectation from atmospheric muons and neutrinos. The results of this search in combination with those of IceCube's four years of searches for track-like Cherenkov light patterns from muon neutrinos correlated with Northern-Hemisphere GRBs produce limits that tightly constrain current models of neutrino and ultra high energy cosmic ray production in GRB fireballs.

  • 15.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    Beiser, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Benabderrahmane, M. L.
    New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates..
    Berghaus, P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blumenthal, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Buzinsky, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gier, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gross, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ha, C.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hulth, P. O.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Klaes, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Luenemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Matis, H. S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Puetz, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Scheriau, F.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schmitz, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schulte, L.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Searches for relativistic magnetic monopoles in IceCube2016In: European Physical Journal C, ISSN 1434-6044, E-ISSN 1434-6052, Vol. 76, no 3, article id 133Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Various extensions of the Standard Model motivate the existence of stable magnetic monopoles that could have been created during an early high-energy epoch of the Universe. These primordial magnetic monopoles would be gradually accelerated by cosmic magnetic fields and could reach high velocities that make them visible in Cherenkov detectors such as IceCube. Equivalently to electrically charged particles, magnetic monopoles produce direct and indirect Cherenkov light while traversing through matter at relativistic velocities. This paper describes searches for relativistic (nu >= 0.76 c) and mildly relativistic (nu >= 0.51 c) monopoles, each using one year of data taken in 2008/2009 and 2011/2012, respectively. No monopole candidate was detected. For a velocity above 0.51 c the monopole flux is constrained down to a level of 1.55 x 10(-18) cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1). This is an improvement of almost two orders of magnitude over previous limits.

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  • 16.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medical Radiation Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
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    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Middlemas, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Obertacke, A.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Perez de Los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Puetz, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Saba, S. M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Scheriau, F.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schmitz, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schulte, L.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Search for astrophysical tau neutrinos in three years of IceCube data2016In: Physical Review D, ISSN 1550-7998, E-ISSN 1550-2368, Vol. 93, no 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has observed a diffuse flux of TeV-PeVastrophysical neutrinos at 5.7 sigma significance from an all-flavor search. The direct detection of tau neutrinos in this flux has yet to occur. Tau neutrinos become distinguishable from other flavors in IceCube at energies above a few hundred TeV, when the cascade from the tau neutrino charged current interaction becomes resolvable from the cascade from the tau lepton decay. This paper presents results from the first dedicated search for tau neutrinos with energies between 214 TeV and 72 PeV in the full IceCube detector. The analysis searches for IceCube optical sensors that observe two separate pulses in a single event-one from the tau neutrino interaction and a second from the tau decay. No candidate events were observed in three years of IceCube data. For the first time, a differential upper limit on astrophysical tau neutrinos is derived around the PeV energy region, which is nearly 3 orders of magnitude lower in energy than previous limits from dedicated tau neutrino searches.

  • 17.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    Beiser, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blumenthal, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medical Radiation Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Buzinsky, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpulsculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    De Young, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Fuchs, T.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gier, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gross, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ha, C.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hulth, P. O.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kiryluk, J.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Luenemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Matis, H. S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpulsculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Paua, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpulsculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkart, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schulte, L.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpulsculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Neutrino oscillation studies with IceCube-DeepCore2016In: Nuclear Physics B, ISSN 0550-3213, E-ISSN 1873-1562, Vol. 908, p. 161-177Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IceCube, a gigaton-scale neutrino detector located at the South Pole, was primarily designed to search for astrophysical neutrinos with energies of PeV and higher. This goal has been achieved with the detection of the highest energy neutrinos to date. At the other end of the energy spectrum, the DeepCore extension lowers the energy threshold of the detector to approximately 10 GeV and opens the door for oscillation studies using atmospheric neutrinos. An analysis of the disappearance of these neutrinos has been completed, with the results produced being complementary with dedicated oscillation experiments. Following a review of the detector principle and performance, the method used to make these calculations, as well as the results, is detailed. Finally, the future prospects of IceCube-DeepCore and the next generation of neutrino experiments at the South Pole (IceCube-Gen2, specifically the PINGU sub-detector) are briefly discussed.

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  • 18.
    Aartsen, M. G.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K-H
    Beiser, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blumenthal, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medical Radiation Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H-P
    Buzinsky, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C-C
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gier, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gross, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ha, C.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.;Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hulth, P. O.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Klaes, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Luenemann, J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Matis, H. S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de Los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H-G
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schulte, L.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, 1-33 Yayoi Cho, Chiba 260, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Aab, A.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Abreu, P.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Aglietta, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy.;Osservatorio Astrofis Torino INAF, Turin, Italy..
    Ahn, E. J.
    Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA..
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.;Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France..
    Albuquerque, I. F. M.
    Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, CP 20516, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Allekotte, I.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina..
    Allison, P.
    Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Almela, A.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Castillo, J. Alvarez
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico..
    Alvarez-Muniz, J.
    Univ Santiago Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain..
    Batista, R. Alves
    Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 2, Hamburg, Germany..
    Ambrosio, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy..
    Aminaei, A.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    Anchordoqui, L.
    CUNY, Lehman Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY USA..
    Andrada, B.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Andringa, S.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Aramo, C.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy..
    Arqueros, F.
    Univ Complutense Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Arsene, N.
    Univ Bucharest, Dept Phys, Bucharest, Romania..
    Asorey, H.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;Univ Ind Santander, Santander, Spain..
    Assis, P.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Aublin, J.
    Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.;Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France..
    Avila, G.
    Observ Pierre Auger, Mendoza, Argentina.;Comis Nacl Energia Atom, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Awal, N.
    New York Univ, New York, NY USA..
    Badescu, A. M.
    Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania..
    Baus, C.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IEKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Becker, K. H.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bellido, J. A.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Berat, C.
    Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IN2P3, LPSC, St Martin Dheres, France..
    Bertaina, M. E.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy.;Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10124 Turin, Italy..
    Bertou, X.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina..
    Biermann, P. L.
    Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany..
    Billoir, P.
    Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.;Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France..
    Blaess, S. G.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Blanco, A.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Blanco, M.
    Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.;Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France..
    Blazek, J.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Bleve, C.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy.;Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis E De Giorgi, Lecce, Italy..
    Bluemer, H.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IEKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.;Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Bohacova, M.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Boncioli, D.
    INFN Lab Gran Sasso, Gran Sasso, Italy..
    Bonifazi, C.
    Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil..
    Borodai, N.
    Inst Phys Nucl PAN, Krakow, Poland..
    Botti, A. M.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Brack, J.
    Brancus, I.
    Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest 077125, Romania..
    Bretz, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Bridgeman, A.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Briechle, F. L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Buchholz, P.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Bueno, A.
    Univ Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain..
    Buitink, S.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    Buscemi, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy.;Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-95124 Catania, Italy..
    Caballero-Mora, K. S.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Mexico..
    Caccianiga, B.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, Milan, Italy..
    Caccianiga, L.
    Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.;Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France..
    Candusso, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy..
    Caramete, L.
    Inst Space Sci, Bucharest, Romania..
    Caruso, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy.;Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Chim & Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy..
    Castellina, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy.;Osservatorio Astrofis Torino INAF, Turin, Italy..
    Cataldi, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy..
    Cazon, L.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Cester, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy.;Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10124 Turin, Italy..
    Chavez, A. G.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico..
    Chiavassa, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy.;Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10124 Turin, Italy..
    Chinellato, J. A.
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil..
    Diaz, J. C. Chirinos
    Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA..
    Chudoba, J.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Clay, R. W.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Colalillo, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy.;Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, Naples, Italy..
    Coleman, A.
    Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Collica, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy..
    Coluccia, M. R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy.;Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis E De Giorgi, Lecce, Italy..
    Conceicao, R.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Contreras, F.
    Observ Pierre Auger, Mendoza, Argentina..
    Cooper, M. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Cordier, A.
    Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, LAL, Orsay, France..
    Coutu, S.
    Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Covault, C. E.
    Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA..
    Dallier, R.
    Stn Radioastron Nancay, Nancay, France.;Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44035 Nantes, France..
    D'Amico, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy.;Univ Salento, Dipartimento Ingn, Lecce, Italy..
    Daniel, B.
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil..
    Dasso, S.
    Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, FCEyN, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;CONICET UBA, IAFE, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Daumiller, K.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Dawson, B. R.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    de Almeida, R. M.
    Univ Fed Fluminense, BR-24220000 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil..
    de Jong, S. J.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.;NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    De Mauro, G.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    de Mello Neto, J. R. T.
    Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil..
    De Mitri, I.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy.;Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis E De Giorgi, Lecce, Italy..
    de Oliveira, J.
    Univ Fed Fluminense, BR-24220000 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil..
    de Souza, V.
    Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil..
    Debatin, J.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    del Peral, L.
    Univ Alcala de Henares, E-28871 Alcala De Henares, Spain..
    Deligny, O.
    Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPNO, Orsay, France..
    Dhital, N.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA..
    Di Giulio, C.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.;Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy..
    Di Matteo, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Aquila, Laquila, Italy.;Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Chim & Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy..
    Castro, M. L. Diaz
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil..
    Diogo, F.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Dobrigkeit, C.
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil..
    Docters, W.
    Univ Groningen, KVI Ctr Adv Radiat Technol, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands..
    D'Olivo, J. C.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico..
    Dorofeev, A.
    dos Anjos, R. C.
    Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.;Univ Fed Parana, Palotina, PR, Brazil..
    Dova, M. T.
    Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Nacl La Plata, IFLP, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina..
    Dundovic, A.
    Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 2, Hamburg, Germany..
    Ebr, J.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Engel, R.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Erdmann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Erfani, M.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Escobar, C. O.
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.;Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA..
    Espadanal, J.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Etchegoyen, A.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Falcke, H.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.;NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands.;Stichting Astron Onderzoek Nederland ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Netherlands..
    Fang, K.
    Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA..
    Farrar, G.
    New York Univ, New York, NY USA..
    Fauth, A. C.
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil..
    Fazzini, N.
    Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA..
    Ferguson, A. P.
    Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA..
    Fick, B.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA..
    Figueira, J. M.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Filevich, A.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Filipi, A.
    Jozef Stefan Inst, Expt Particle Phys Dept, Ljubljana, Slovenia.;Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Fratu, O.
    Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania..
    Freire, M. M.
    UNR, CONICET, Inst Fis Rosario IFIR, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.;UNR, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina..
    Fujii, T.
    Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Fuster, A.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Gallo, F.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Garcia, B.
    UNSAM, CONICET, CNEA, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Mendoza, CONICET, CNEA, Mendoza, Argentina..
    Garcia-Gamez, D.
    Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, LAL, Orsay, France..
    Garcia-Pinto, D.
    Univ Complutense Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Gate, F.
    Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44035 Nantes, France..
    Gemmeke, H.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IPE, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Gherghel-Lascu, A.
    Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest 077125, Romania..
    Ghia, P. L.
    Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.;Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France..
    Giaccari, U.
    Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil..
    Giammarchi, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, Milan, Italy..
    Giller, M.
    Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland..
    Glas, D.
    Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland..
    Glaser, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Glass, H.
    Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA..
    Gomez Berisso, M.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina..
    Gomez Vitale, P. F.
    Observ Pierre Auger, Mendoza, Argentina.;Comis Nacl Energia Atom, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Gonzalez, N.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Gookin, B.
    Gordon, J.
    Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Gorgi, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy.;Osservatorio Astrofis Torino INAF, Turin, Italy..
    Gorham, P.
    Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Gouffon, P.
    Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, CP 20516, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Griffith, N.
    Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Grillo, A. F.
    INFN Lab Gran Sasso, Gran Sasso, Italy..
    Grubb, T. D.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Guarino, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy.;Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, Naples, Italy..
    Guedes, G. P.
    Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil..
    Hampel, M. R.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Hansen, P.
    Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Nacl La Plata, IFLP, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina..
    Harari, D.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina..
    Harrison, T. A.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Harton, J. L.
    Hasankiadeh, Q.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Haungs, A.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Hebbeker, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Heck, D.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Heimann, P.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Herve, A. E.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IEKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Hojvat, C.
    Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA..
    Hollon, N.
    Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA..
    Holt, E.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Homola, P.
    Inst Phys Nucl PAN, Krakow, Poland..
    Hoerandel, J. R.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.;NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Horvath, P.
    Palacky Univ, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech Republic..
    Hrabovsksy, M.
    Palacky Univ, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech Republic..
    Huege, T.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Insolia, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy.;Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-95124 Catania, Italy..
    Isar, P. G.
    Inst Space Sci, Bucharest, Romania..
    Jandt, I.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Jansen, S.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.;NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Jarne, C.
    Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Nacl La Plata, IFLP, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina..
    Johnsen, J. A.
    Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA..
    Josebachuili, M.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Kaeaepae, A.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Kambeitz, O.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IEKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Kampert, K. H.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Kasper, P.
    Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA..
    Katkov, I.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IEKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Keilhauer, B.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Kemp, E.
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil..
    Kieckhafer, R. M.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA..
    Klages, H. O.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Kleifges, M.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IPE, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Kleinfeller, J.
    Observ Pierre Auger, Mendoza, Argentina..
    Krause, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Krohm, N.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Kuempel, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Mezek, G. Kukec
    Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Kunka, N.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IPE, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Awad, A. Kuotb
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    LaHurd, D.
    Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA..
    Latronico, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy..
    Lauer, R.
    Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA..
    Lauscher, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Lautridou, P.
    Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44035 Nantes, France..
    Lebrun, D.
    Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IN2P3, LPSC, St Martin Dheres, France..
    Lebrun, P.
    Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA..
    Leigui de Oliveira, M. A.
    Univ Fed Abc, Santo Andre, Brazil..
    Letessier-Selvon, A.
    Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.;Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France..
    Lhenry-Yvon, I.
    Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPNO, Orsay, France..
    Link, K.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IEKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Lopes, L.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Lopez, R.
    BUAP, Puebla, Mexico..
    Lopez Casado, A.
    Univ Santiago Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain..
    Lucero, A.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Malacari, M.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Mallamaci, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, Milan, Italy.;Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20122 Milan, Italy..
    Mandat, D.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Mantsch, P.
    Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA..
    Mariazzi, A. G.
    Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Nacl La Plata, IFLP, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina..
    Marin, V.
    Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44035 Nantes, France..
    Maris, I. C.
    Univ Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain..
    Marsella, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy.;Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis E De Giorgi, Lecce, Italy..
    Martello, D.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy.;Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis E De Giorgi, Lecce, Italy..
    Martinez, H.
    CINVESTAV, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Bravo, O. Martinez
    BUAP, Puebla, Mexico..
    Meza, J. J. Masias
    Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, FCEyN, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Mathes, H. J.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Mathys, S.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Matthews, J.
    Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA..
    Matthews, J. A. J.
    Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA..
    Matthiae, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.;Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy..
    Maurizio, D.
    CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil..
    Mayotte, E.
    Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA..
    Mazur, P. O.
    Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA..
    Medina, C.
    Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA..
    Medina-Tanco, G.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico..
    Mello, V. B. B.
    Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil..
    Melo, D.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Menshikov, A.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IPE, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Messina, S.
    Univ Groningen, KVI Ctr Adv Radiat Technol, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands..
    Micheletti, M. I.
    UNR, CONICET, Inst Fis Rosario IFIR, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.;UNR, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina..
    Middendorf, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Minaya, I. A.
    Univ Complutense Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Miramonti, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, Milan, Italy.;Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20122 Milan, Italy..
    Mitrica, B.
    Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest 077125, Romania..
    Molina-Bueno, L.
    Univ Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain..
    Mollerachl, S.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina..
    Montanet, F.
    Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IN2P3, LPSC, St Martin Dheres, France..
    Morello, C.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy.;Osservatorio Astrofis Torino INAF, Turin, Italy..
    Mostafa, M.
    Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Moura, C. A.
    Univ Fed Abc, Santo Andre, Brazil..
    Mueller, G.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Muller, M. A.
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.;Univ Fed Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil..
    Mueller, S.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Naranjo, I.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina..
    Navas, S.
    Univ Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain..
    Necesal, P.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Nellen, L.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico..
    Nelles, A.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.;NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Neuser, J.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Nguyen, P. H.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M.
    Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest 077125, Romania..
    Niechcio, M.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Niemietz, L.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Niggemann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Nitz, D.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA..
    Nosek, D.
    Univ Prague, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Novotny, V.
    Univ Prague, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Nozka, H.
    Palacky Univ, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech Republic..
    Nunez, L. A.
    Univ Ind Santander, Santander, Spain..
    Ochilo, L.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Oikonomou, F.
    Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Olinto, A.
    Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA..
    Pacheco, N.
    Univ Alcala de Henares, E-28871 Alcala De Henares, Spain..
    Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil..
    Palatka, M.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Pallotta, J.
    CITEDEF, Ctr Invest Laseres & Aplicaciones, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Papenbreer, P.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Parente, G.
    Univ Santiago Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain..
    Parra, A.
    BUAP, Puebla, Mexico..
    Pau, T.
    CUNY, Lehman Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY USA.;Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA USA..
    Pech, M.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Pekala, J.
    Inst Phys Nucl PAN, Krakow, Poland..
    Pelayo, R.
    UPIITA IPN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Pena-Rodriguez, J.
    Univ Ind Santander, Santander, Spain..
    Pepe, I. M.
    Univ Fed Bahia, BR-41170290 Salvador, BA, Brazil..
    Perrone, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy.;Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis E De Giorgi, Lecce, Italy..
    Petermann, E.
    Peters, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Petrera, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Aquila, Laquila, Italy.;Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Chim & Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy..
    Phuntsok, J.
    Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Piegaia, R.
    Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, FCEyN, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Pierog, T.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Pieroni, P.
    Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, FCEyN, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Pimenta, M.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Pirronello, V.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy.;Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-95124 Catania, Italy..
    Platino, M.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Plum, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Porowski, C.
    Inst Phys Nucl PAN, Krakow, Poland..
    Prado, R. R.
    Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil..
    Privitera, P.
    Inst Phys Nucl PAN, Krakow, Poland..
    Prouza, M.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Quell, E. J.
    CITEDEF, Ctr Invest Laseres & Aplicaciones, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Querchfeld, S.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Quinn, S.
    Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA..
    Rautenberg, J.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Ravel, O.
    Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44035 Nantes, France..
    Ravignani, D.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Reinert, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Revenu, B.
    Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44035 Nantes, France..
    Ridky, J.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Risse, M.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Ristori, P.
    CITEDEF, Ctr Invest Laseres & Aplicaciones, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Rizi, V.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Aquila, Laquila, Italy.;Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Chim & Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy..
    Rodrigues de Carvalho, W.
    Univ Santiago Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain..
    Rodriguez Rojo, J.
    Observ Pierre Auger, Mendoza, Argentina..
    Rodriguez-Frias, M. D.
    Univ Alcala de Henares, E-28871 Alcala De Henares, Spain..
    Rogozin, D.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Rosado, J.
    Univ Complutense Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Roth, M.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Roulet, E.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina..
    Rovero, A. C.
    CONICET UBA, IAFE, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Saffil, S. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Saftoiu, A.
    Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest 077125, Romania..
    Salazar, H.
    CONICET UBA, IAFE, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Observ Pierre Auger, Mendoza, Argentina..
    Saleh, A.
    Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Greus, F. Salesa
    Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Salina, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy..
    Sanabria Gomez, J. D.
    Univ Ind Santander, Santander, Spain..
    Sanchez, F.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Sanchez-Lucas, P.
    Univ Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain..
    Santos, E. M.
    Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, CP 20516, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Santos, E.
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil..
    Sarazin, F.
    Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA..
    Sarkar, B.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Sarmento, R.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Sarmiento-Cano, C.
    Univ Ind Santander, Santander, Spain..
    Sato, R.
    Observ Pierre Auger, Mendoza, Argentina..
    Scarso, C.
    Observ Pierre Auger, Mendoza, Argentina..
    Schauer, M.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Scherini, V.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy.;Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis E De Giorgi, Lecce, Italy..
    Schieler, H.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Schmidt, D.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Scholtene, .
    Univ Groningen, KVI Ctr Adv Radiat Technol, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands.;Vrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium..
    Schoorlemmer, H.
    Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Schovanek, P.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Schroeder, F. G.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Schulz, A.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Schulz, J.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    Schumacher, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Segreto, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Palermo, Palermo, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy..
    Settimo, M.
    Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France.;Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75221 Paris 05, France..
    Shadkam, A.
    Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA..
    Shellard, R. C.
    CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil..
    Sigl, G.
    Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 2, Hamburg, Germany..
    Sima, O.
    Univ Bucharest, Dept Phys, Bucharest, Romania..
    Smialkowski, A.
    Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland..
    Smida, R.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Snow, G. R.
    Sommers, P.
    Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Sonntag, S.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Sorokin, J.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Squartini, R.
    Observ Pierre Auger, Mendoza, Argentina..
    Stanca, D.
    Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest 077125, Romania..
    Stanic, S.
    Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Stapleton, J.
    Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Stasielak, J.
    Inst Phys Nucl PAN, Krakow, Poland..
    Stephan, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Strafella, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy.;Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis E De Giorgi, Lecce, Italy..
    Stutz, A.
    Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IN2P3, LPSC, St Martin Dheres, France..
    Suarez, F.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Duran, M. Suarez
    Univ Ind Santander, Santander, Spain..
    Suomijarvi, T.
    Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPNO, Orsay, France..
    Supanitsky, A. D.
    CONICET UBA, IAFE, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Sutherland, M. S.
    Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Swain, J.
    Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA USA..
    Szadkowski, Z.
    Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland..
    Taborda, O. A.
    CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.;CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina..
    Tapia, A.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Tepe, A.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Theodoro, V. M.
    Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil..
    Timmermans, C.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.;NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Todero Peixoto, C. J.
    Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Engn Lorena, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Toma, G.
    Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest 077125, Romania..
    Tomankova, L.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Tome, B.
    Univ Lisbon, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Lisbon, IST, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Tonachini, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy.;Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10124 Turin, Italy..
    Elipe, G. Torralba
    Univ Santiago Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain..
    Torres Machado, D.
    Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil..
    Travnicek, P.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Trini, M.
    Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Ulrich, R.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Unger, M.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.;New York Univ, New York, NY USA..
    Urban, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Galicia, J. F. Valdes
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico..
    Valino, I.
    Univ Santiago Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain..
    Valore, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy.;Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, Naples, Italy..
    van Aar, G.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    van Bodegom, P.
    Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    van den Berg, A. M.
    Univ Groningen, KVI Ctr Adv Radiat Technol, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands..
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    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    Varela, E.
    BUAP, Puebla, Mexico..
    Vargas Cardenas, B.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico..
    Varner, G.
    Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Vasquez, R.
    Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil..
    Vazquez, J. R.
    Univ Complutense Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Vazquez, R. A.
    Univ Santiago Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain..
    Veberic, D.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Verzi, V.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy..
    Vicha, J.
    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys FZU, Prague, Czech Republic..
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    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Villasenor, L.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico..
    Vorobiov, S.
    Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Wahlberg, H.
    Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Nacl La Plata, IFLP, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina..
    Wainberg, O.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.;Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Walz, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Watson, A. A.
    Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England..
    Weber, M.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IPE, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Weidenhaupt, K.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3A, Aachen, Germany..
    Weindl, A.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IKP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Wiencke, L.
    Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA..
    Wilczynski, H.
    Inst Phys Nucl PAN, Krakow, Poland..
    Winchen, T.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Wittkowski, D.
    Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany..
    Wundheiler, B.
    UNSAM, CONICET, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas,CNEA, Ctr Atom Constituyentes,Comis Nacl Engergia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina..
    Wykes, S.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    Yang, L.
    Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Yapici, T.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA..
    Yushkov, A.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Zas, E.
    Univ Santiago Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain..
    Zavrtanik, D.
    Jozef Stefan Inst, Expt Particle Phys Dept, Ljubljana, Slovenia.;Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Zavrtanik, M.
    Jozef Stefan Inst, Expt Particle Phys Dept, Ljubljana, Slovenia.;Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Zepeda, A.
    CINVESTAV, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Zimmermann, B.
    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IPE, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany..
    Ziolkowski, M.
    Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys Expt Teilchenphys 7, D-57068 Siegen, Germany..
    Zong, Z.
    Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPNO, Orsay, France..
    Zuccarello, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy.;Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-95124 Catania, Italy..
    Abbasi, R. U.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Abe, M.
    Saitama Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Saitama 3388570, Japan..
    Abu-Zayyad, T.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Allen, M.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Azuma, R.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan..
    Barcikowski, E.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Belz, J. W.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Bergman, D. R.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
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    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Cady, R.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
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    Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea.;Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Univ, Seoul, South Korea..
    Cheon, B. G.
    Hanyang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 133791, South Korea.;Hanyang Univ, Res Inst Nat Sci, Seoul 133791, South Korea..
    Chiba, J.
    Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Noda, Chiba 278, Japan..
    Chikawa, M.
    Kinki Univ, Dept Phys, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577, Japan..
    Cho, W. R.
    Yonsei Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea..
    Fukushima, M.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.;Univ Tokyo, Todai Inst Adv Study, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Gotoll, T.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Hanlon, W.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Hayashi, Y.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Hayashida, N.
    Kanagawa Univ, Fac Engn, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan..
    Hibino, K.
    Kanagawa Univ, Fac Engn, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan..
    Honda, K.
    Yamanashi Univ, Interdisciplinary Grad Sch Med & Engn, Kofu, Yamanashi 400, Japan..
    Ikeda, D.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Inoue, N.
    Saitama Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Saitama 3388570, Japan..
    Ishii, T.
    Yamanashi Univ, Interdisciplinary Grad Sch Med & Engn, Kofu, Yamanashi 400, Japan..
    Ishimori, R.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan..
    Ito, H.
    RIKEN, Astrophys Big Bang Lab, Wako, Saitama, Japan..
    Ivanov, D.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Jui, C. C. H.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Kadota, K.
    Tokyo City Univ, Dept Phys, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo, Japan..
    Kakimoto, F.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan..
    Kalashev, O.
    Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia..
    Kasahara, K.
    Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo, Japan..
    Kawail, H.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, 1-33 Yayoi Cho, Chiba 260, Japan..
    Kawakami, S.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Kawana, S.
    Saitama Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Saitama 3388570, Japan..
    Kawata, K.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Kido, E.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Kim, H. B.
    Hanyang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 133791, South Korea.;Hanyang Univ, Res Inst Nat Sci, Seoul 133791, South Korea..
    Kim, J. H.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA.;UNIST Gil, Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Nat Sci, Dept Phys, Ulsan, South Korea..
    Kitamura, S.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan..
    Kitamura, Y.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan..
    Kuzmin, V.
    Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia..
    Kwon, Y. J.
    Yonsei Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea..
    Lan, J.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Lim, S. I.
    Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea.;Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Univ, Seoul, South Korea..
    Lundquist, J. P.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Machida, K.
    Yamanashi Univ, Interdisciplinary Grad Sch Med & Engn, Kofu, Yamanashi 400, Japan..
    Martens, K.
    Univ Tokyo, Todai Inst Adv Study, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Matsuda, T.
    KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan..
    Matsuyama, T.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Matthews, J. N.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Minamino, M.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Mukai, Y.
    Yamanashi Univ, Interdisciplinary Grad Sch Med & Engn, Kofu, Yamanashi 400, Japan..
    Myers, I.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Nagasawa, K.
    Saitama Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Saitama 3388570, Japan..
    Nagataki, S.
    RIKEN, Astrophys Big Bang Lab, Wako, Saitama, Japan..
    Nakamura, T.
    Kochi Univ, Fac Sci, Kochi 780, Japan..
    Nonaka, T.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Nozato, A.
    Kinki Univ, Dept Phys, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577, Japan..
    Ogioll, S.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Ogura, J.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan..
    Ohnishi, M.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Ohoka, H.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Oki, K.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Okuda, T.
    Ritsumeikan Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan..
    Ono, M.
    Kyushu Univ, Dept Phys, Fukuoka 812, Japan..
    Oshima, A.
    Chubu Univ, Engn Sci Lab, Kasugai, Aichi 487, Japan..
    Ozawa, S.
    Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo, Japan..
    Park, I. H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon, South Korea..
    Pshirkov, M. S.
    Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia.;Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119992, Russia..
    Rodriguez, D. C.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Rubtsov, G.
    Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia..
    Ryu, D.
    UNIST Gil, Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Nat Sci, Dept Phys, Ulsan, South Korea..
    Sagawa, H.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Sakurai, N.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Scott, L. M.
    Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ USA..
    Shah, P. D.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Shibata, F.
    Yamanashi Univ, Interdisciplinary Grad Sch Med & Engn, Kofu, Yamanashi 400, Japan..
    Shibata, T.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Shimodaira, H.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Shins, B. K.
    Hanyang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 133791, South Korea.;Hanyang Univ, Res Inst Nat Sci, Seoul 133791, South Korea..
    Shin, H. S.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Smith, J. D.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Sokolsky, P.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Springer, R. W.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Stokes, B. T.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Stratton, S. R.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA.;Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ USA..
    Stroman, T. A.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Suzawa, T.
    Saitama Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Saitama 3388570, Japan..
    Takamura, M.
    Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Noda, Chiba 278, Japan..
    Takeda, M.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Takeishi, R.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Taketa, A.
    Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113, Japan..
    Takita, M.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan..
    Tameda, Y.
    Kanagawa Univ, Fac Engn, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan..
    Tanaka, H.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Tanaka, K.
    Hirosaki City Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan..
    Tanaka, M.
    KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan..
    Thomas, S. B.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Thomson, G. B.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Tinyakov, P.
    Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia.;Univ Libre Bruxelles, Serv Phys Theor, Brussels, Belgium..
    Tkachev, I.
    Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia..
    Tokuno, H.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan..
    Tomida, T.
    Shinshu Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Nagano, Japan..
    Troitsky, S.
    Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia..
    Tsunesada, Y.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan..
    Tsutsumi, K.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Tokyo 152, Japan..
    Uchihori, Y.
    Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Chiba 260, Japan..
    Udo, S.
    Kanagawa Univ, Fac Engn, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan..
    Urban, F.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Serv Phys Theor, Brussels, Belgium..
    Vasiloff, G.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Wong, T.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Yamane, R.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Yamaoka, H.
    KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan..
    Yamazaki, K.
    Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113, Japan..
    Yang, J.
    Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea.;Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Univ, Seoul, South Korea..
    Yashiro, K.
    Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Noda, Chiba 278, Japan..
    Yoneda, Y.
    Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 558, Japan..
    Yoshii, H.
    Ehime Univ, Dept Phys, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan..
    Zollinger, R.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Zundel, Z.
    Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Search for correlations between the arrival directions of IceCube neutrino events and ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array2016In: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, E-ISSN 1475-7516, no 1, article id 037Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents the results of different searches for correlations between very high-energy neutrino candidates detected by IceCube and the highest-energy cosmic rays measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array. We first consider samples of cascade neutrino events and of high-energy neutrino-induced muon tracks, which provided evidence for a neutrino flux of astrophysical origin, and study their cross-correlation with the ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) samples as a function of angular separation. We also study their possible directional correlations using a likelihood method stacking the neutrino arrival directions and adopting different assumptions on the size of the UHECR magnetic deflections. Finally, we perform another likelihood analysis stacking the UHECR directions and using a sample of through-going muon tracks optimized for neutrino point-source searches with sub-degree angular resolution. No indications of correlations at discovery level are obtained for any of the searches performed. The smallest of the p-values comes from the search for correlation between UHECRs with IceCube high-energy cascades, a result that should continue to be monitored.

  • 19.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseaus, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K-H
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissoki, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blumenthal, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H-P
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Buzinsky, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    del Pino Rosendo, E.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Univ Humberside, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eagan, R.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fadiran, O.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Fedynitch, A.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C-C
    Fucus, T.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gier, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Groii, J. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Gross, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ha, C.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Univ Humberside, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignigiit, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hulth, P. O.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Klaes, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Univ Humberside, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Univ Humberside, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Matis, H. S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meuress, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Middlemas, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Obertacke, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Perez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Puetz, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Saba, S. M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Scheriau, F.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schmitz, M.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schulte, L.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ström, Rickard
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eundhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    The Search For Transient Astrophysical Neutrino Emission With Icecube-Deepcore2016In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 816, no 2, article id 75Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present the results of a search for astrophysical sources of brief transient neutrino emission using IceCube and DeepCore data acquired between 2012 May 15 and 2013 April 30. While the search methods employed in this analysis are similar to those used in previous IceCube point source searches, the data set being examined consists of a sample of predominantly sub-TeV muon-neutrinos from the Northern Sky (-5 degrees < delta < 90 degrees) obtained through a novel event selection method. This search represents a first attempt by IceCube to identify astrophysical neutrino sources in this relatively unexplored energy range. The reconstructed direction and time of arrival of neutrino events are used to search for any significant self-correlation in the data set. The data revealed no significant source of transient neutrino emission. This result has been used to construct limits at timescales ranging from roughly 1 s to 10 days for generic soft-spectra transients. We also present limits on a specific model of neutrino emission from soft jets in core-collapse supernovae.

  • 20.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.;Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Argueelles, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    Beiser, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blumenthal, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medical Radiation Science.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Brown, A. M.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.;Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Buzinsky, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.;Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christy, B.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Classen, L.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Eagans, R.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fadiran, O.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Fedynitch, A.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardth, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gier, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gliisenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gretskov, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Groh, J. C.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Gross, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ha, C.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hellwig, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hulth, P. O.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kaminsky, B.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Klas, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koob, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kopke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lunemann, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Matis, H. S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Middlemas, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Miller, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Obertacke, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Perez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Putz, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Redl, P.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Saba, S. M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.;Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Scheriau, F.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schmitz, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schonwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schukraft, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schulte, L.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Shanidze, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Strahler, E. A.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Lisa E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wichary, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xun, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zarzhitsky, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Characterization of the atmospheric muon flux in IceCube2016In: Astroparticle physics, ISSN 0927-6505, E-ISSN 1873-2852, Vol. 78, p. 1-27Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Muons produced in atmospheric cosmic ray showers account for the by far dominant part of the event yield in large-volume underground particle detectors. The IceCube detector, with an instrumented volume of about a cubic kilometer, has the potential to conduct unique investigations on atmospheric muons by exploiting the large collection area and the possibility to track particles over a long distance. Through detailed reconstruction of energy deposition along the tracks, the characteristics of muon bundles can be quantified, and individual particles of exceptionally high energy identified. The data can then be used to constrain the cosmic ray primary flux and the contribution to atmospheric lepton fluxes from prompt decays of short-lived hadrons. In this paper, techniques for the extraction of physical measurements from atmospheric muon events are described and first results are presented. The multiplicity spectrum of TeV muons in cosmic ray air showers for primaries in the energy range from the knee to the ankle is derived and found to be consistent with recent results from surface detectors. The single muon energy spectrum is determined up to PeV energies and shows a clear indication for the emergence of a distinct spectral component from prompt decays of short-lived hadrons. The magnitude of the prompt flux, which should include a substantial contribution from light vector meson di-muon decays, is consistent with current theoretical predictions. The variety of measurements and high event statistics can also be exploited for the evaluation of systematic effects. In the course of this study, internal inconsistencies in the zenith angle distribution of events were found which indicate the presence of an unexplained effect outside the currently applied range of detector systematics. The underlying cause could be related to the hadronic interaction models used to describe muon production in air showers.

  • 21. Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Abraham, K.
    Ackermann, M.
    Adams, J.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Ahlers, M.
    Ahrens, M.
    Altmann, D.
    Anderson, T.
    Archinger, M.
    Arguelles, C.
    Arlen, T. C.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Bai, X.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Baum, V.
    Bay, R.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Becker, K. -H
    Beiser, E.
    BenZvi, S.
    Berghaus, P.
    Berley, D.
    Bernardini, E.
    Bernhard, A.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Binder, G.
    Bindig, D.
    Bissok, M.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Blumenthal, J.
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Boerner, M.
    Bos, F.
    Bose, D.
    Boeser, S.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Brayeur, L.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Brown, A. M.
    Buzinsky, N.
    Casey, J.
    Casier, M.
    Cheung, E.
    Chirkin, D.
    Christov, A.
    Christy, B.
    Clark, K.
    Classen, L.
    Coenders, S.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    Daughhetee, J.
    Davis, J. C.
    Day, M.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    De Clercq, C.
    Dembinski, H.
    De Ridder, S.
    Desiati, P.
    de Vries, K. D.
    de Wasseige, G.
    de With, M.
    deYoung, T.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Dumm, J. P.
    Dunkman, M.
    Eagan, R.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Eichmann, B.
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Fadiran, O.
    Fahey, S.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Fedynitch, A.
    Feintzeig, J.
    Felde, J.
    Filimonov, K.
    Finley, C.
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Flis, S.
    Fuchs, T.
    Glagla, M.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Gaior, R.
    Gallagher, J.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Ghorbani, K.
    Gier, D.
    Gladstone, L.
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Golup, G.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Goodman, J. A.
    Gora, D.
    Grant, D.
    Gretskov, P.
    Groh, J. C.
    Gross, A.
    Ha, C.
    Haack, C.
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Hansmann, B.
    Hanson, K.
    Hebecker, D.
    Heereman, D.
    Helbing, K.
    Hellauer, R.
    Hellwig, D.
    Hickford, S.
    Hignight, J.
    Hill, G. C.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Holzapfe, K.
    Homeier, A.
    Hoshina, K.
    Huang, F.
    Huber, M.
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Hulth, P. O.
    Hultqvist, K.
    In, S.
    Ishihara, A.
    Jacobi, E.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Jero, K.
    Jurkovic, M.
    Kaminsky, B.
    Kappes, A.
    Karg, T.
    Karle, A.
    Kauer, M.
    Keivani, A.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Kemp, J.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Kiryluk, J.
    Klaes, J.
    Klein, S. R.
    Kohnen, G.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Konietz, R.
    Koob, A.
    Koepke, L.
    Kopper, C.
    Kopper, S.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Kowalski, M.
    Krings, K.
    Kroll, G.
    Kroll, M.
    Kunnen, J.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Labare, M.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Larson, M. J.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    Leuermann, M.
    Leuner, J.
    Luenemann, J.
    Madsen, J.
    Maggi, G.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Maruyama, R.
    Mase, K.
    Matis, H. S.
    Maunu, R.
    McNally, F.
    Meagher, K.
    Medici, M.
    Meli, A.
    Menne, T.
    Merino, G.
    Meures, T.
    Miarecki, S.
    Middell, E.
    Middlemas, E.
    Miller, J.
    Mohrmann, L.
    Montaruli, T.
    Morse, R.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    Naumann, U.
    Niederhausen, H.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Obertacke, A.
    Olivas, A.
    Omairat, A.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Palczewski, T.
    Paul, L.
    Pepper, J. A.
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Pieloth, D.
    Pinat, E.
    Posselt, J.
    Price, P. B.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Puetz, J.
    Quinnan, M.
    Raedel, L.
    Rameez, M.
    Rawlins, K.
    Redl, P.
    Reimann, R.
    Relich, M.
    Resconi, E.
    Rhode, W.
    Richman, M.
    Richter, S.
    Riedel, B.
    Robertson, S.
    Rongen, M.
    Rott, C.
    Ruhe, T.
    Ruzybayev, B.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Saba, S. M.
    Sabbatini, L.
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    Sandroos, J.
    Sarkar, S.
    Schatto, K.
    Scheriau, F.
    Schimp, M.
    Schmidt, T.
    Schmitz, M.
    Schoenen, S.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Schoenwald, A.
    Schukraft, A.
    Schulte, L.
    Seckel, D.
    Seunarine, S.
    Shanidze, R.
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Soldin, D.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Spiering, C.
    Stahlberg, M.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Stanev, T.
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Stasik, A.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Stoessl, A.
    Strahler, E. A.
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Sutherland, M.
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Terliuk, A.
    Tesic, G.
    Tilav, S.
    Toale, P. A.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Tosi, D.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    Vallecorsa, S.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    van Santen, J.
    Vanheule, S.
    Veenkamp, J.
    Vehring, M.
    Voge, M.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Walck, C.
    Wallraff, M.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Weaver, C.
    Wendt, C.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Wichary, C.
    Wiebe, K.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Wille, L.
    Williams, D. R.
    Wissing, H.
    Wolf, M.
    Wood, T. R.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Xu, D. L.
    Xu, X. W.
    Xu, Y.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Yodh, G.
    Yoshida, S.
    Zarzhitsky, P.
    Zoll, M.
    Evidence for Astrophysical Muon Neutrinos from the Northern Sky with IceCube2015In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 115, no 8, article id 081102Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Results from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory have recently provided compelling evidence for the existence of a high energy astrophysical neutrino flux utilizing a dominantly Southern Hemisphere data set consisting primarily of nu(e) and nu(tau) charged-current and neutral-current ( cascade) neutrino interactions. In the analysis presented here, a data sample of approximately 35 000 muon neutrinos from the Northern sky is extracted from data taken during 659.5 days of live time recorded between May 2010 and May 2012. While this sample is composed primarily of neutrinos produced by cosmic ray interactions in Earth's atmosphere, the highest energy events are inconsistent with a hypothesis of solely terrestrial origin at 3.7 sigma significance. These neutrinos can, however, be explained by an astrophysical flux per neutrino flavor at a level of Phi(E-nu) = 9.9(-3.4)(+3.9) x 10(-19) GeV-1 cm(-2) sr(-1) s(-1) (E-nu/100 TeV)(-2), consistent with IceCube's Southern-Hemisphere-dominated result. Additionally, a fit for an astrophysical flux with an arbitrary spectral index is performed. We find a spectral index of 2.2(-0.2)(+0.2), which is also in good agreement with the Southern Hemisphere result.

  • 22.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Abraham, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Arlen, T. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    Beiser, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Berghaus, P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blumenthal, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440 746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Brown, A. M.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
    Buzinsky, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Casey, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept phys nucl & corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Christy, B.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Daughhetee, J.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Davis, J. C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eagan, R.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fadiran, O.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Fedynitch, A.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Flis, S.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Glagla, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gaior, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gier, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Golup, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gora, D.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gretskov, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Groh, J. C.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Gross, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Ha, C.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansmann, B.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hellwig, D.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Homeier, A.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hulth, P. O.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440 746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kaminsky, B.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kappes, A.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Klaes, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koob, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Leuner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Luenemann, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Matis, H. S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Middlemas, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Miller, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept phys nucl & corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Obertacke, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos. Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Puetz, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept phys nucl & corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Redl, P.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440 746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ruzybayev, B.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Saba, S. M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Scheriau, F.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schmitz, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schukraft, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schulte, L.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Shanidze, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Strahler, E. A.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    Ström, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept phys nucl & corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, Brussels, Belgium..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wichary, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zarzhitsky, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Zoll, M.
    Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Search for dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Center with IceCube-792015In: European Physical Journal C, ISSN 1434-6044, E-ISSN 1434-6052, Vol. 75, no 10, article id 492Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Milky Way is expected to be embedded in a halo of dark matter particles, with the highest density in the central region, and decreasing density with the halo-centric radius. Dark matter might be indirectly detectable at Earth through a flux of stable particles generated in dark matter annihilations and peaked in the direction of the Galactic Center. We present a search for an excess flux of muon (anti-) neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Center using the cubic-kilometer-sized IceCube neutrino detector at the South Pole. There, the Galactic Center is always seen above the horizon. Thus, new and dedicated veto techniques against atmospheric muons are required to make the southern hemisphere accessible for IceCube. We used 319.7 live-days of data from IceCube operating in its 79-string configuration during 2010 and 2011. No neutrino excess was found and the final result is compatible with the background. We present upper limits on the self-annihilation cross-section, < sAv >, for WIMP masses ranging from 30GeV up to 10TeV, assuming cuspy (NFW) and flat-cored (Burkert) dark matter halo profiles, reaching down to similar or equal to 4 . 10(-24) cm(3) s(-1), and similar or equal to 2.6 . 10(-23) cm(3) s(-1) for the nu(nu) over bar channel, respectively.

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  • 23.
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    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medical Radiation Science. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Brown, A. M.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Southern Univ, DeVment Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Middell, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Middlemas, E.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Miller, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mohrmann, L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygre, D. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Obertacke, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Omairat, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Paul, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Posselt, J.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Puetz, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Redl, P.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Richter, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Saba, S. M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Schatto, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Scheriau, F.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schimp, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schmitz, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoenwald, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schukraft, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schulte, L.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Shanidze, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Ering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stahlberg, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Strahlers, E. A.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Suwvan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, DeVment Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vallecorsa, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    van Eundhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wichary, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wissing, H.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, DeVment Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zarzhitsky, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ofek, Eran O.
    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel..
    Kasliwal, Mansi M.
    Carnegie Inst Sci, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA..
    Nugent, Peter E.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astronomy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Arcavi, Iair
    Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA..
    Bloom, Joshua S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astronomy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
    CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA..
    Perley, Daniel A.
    CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA..
    Barlow, Tom
    CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA..
    Horesh, Assaf
    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel..
    Gal-Yam, Avishay
    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel..
    Howell, D. A.
    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.;Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA..
    Dilday, Ben
    North Idaho Coll, Coeur Dalene, ID 83814 USA..
    Evans, Phil A.
    Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England..
    Kennea, Jamie A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Burgett, W. S.
    Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Chambers, K. C.
    Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Kaiser, N.
    Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Waters, C.
    Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Flewelling, H.
    Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Tonry, J. L.
    Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Rest, A.
    Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA..
    Smartt, S. J.
    Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland..
    The Detection Of A Sn Iin In Optical Follow-Up Observations Of Icecube Neutrino Events2015In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 811, no 1, article id 52Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The IceCube neutrino observatory pursues a follow-up program selecting interesting neutrino events in real-time and issuing alerts for electromagnetic follow-up observations. In 2012 March, the most significant neutrino alert during the first three years of operation was issued by IceCube. In the follow-up observations performed by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), a Type IIn supernova (SN IIn) PTF12csy was found 0.degrees 2 away from the neutrino alert direction, with an error radius of 0.degrees 54. It has a redshift of z = 0.0684, corresponding to a luminosity distance of about 300 Mpc and the Pan-STARRS1 survey shows that its explosion time was at least 158 days (in host galaxy rest frame) before the neutrino alert, so that a causal connection is unlikely. The a posteriori significance of the chance detection of both the neutrinos and the SN at any epoch is 2.2 sigma within IceCube's 2011/12 data acquisition season. Also, a complementary neutrino analysis reveals no long-term signal over the course of one year. Therefore, we consider the SN detection coincidental and the neutrinos uncorrelated to the SN. However, the SN is unusual and interesting by itself: it is luminous and energetic, bearing strong resemblance to the SN IIn 2010jl, and shows signs of interaction of the SN ejecta with a dense circumstellar medium. High-energy neutrino emission is expected in models of diffusive shock acceleration, but at a low, non-detectable level for this specific SN. In this paper, we describe the SN PTF12csy and present both the neutrino and electromagnetic data, as well as their analysis.

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  • 24.
    Aartsen, M. G.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Argelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
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    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Penek, Oe.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Search for sterile neutrino mixing using three years of IceCube DeepCore data2017In: Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology, ISSN 2470-0010, E-ISSN 2470-0029, Vol. 95, no 11, article id 112002Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a search for a light sterile neutrino using three years of atmospheric neutrino data from the DeepCore detector in the energy range of approximately 10-60 GeV. DeepCore is the low-energy subarray of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The standard three-neutrino paradigm can be probed by adding an additional light (Delta m(41)(2) similar to 1 eV(2)) sterile neutrino. Sterile neutrinos do not interact through the standard weak interaction and, therefore, cannot be directly detected. However, their mixing with the three active neutrino states leaves an imprint on the standard atmospheric neutrino oscillations for energies below 100 GeV. A search for such mixing via muon neutrino disappearance is presented here. The data are found to be consistent with the standard three-neutrino hypothesis. Therefore, we derive limits on the mixing matrix elements at the level of vertical bar U mu(4)vertical bar(2) < 0.11 and vertical bar U-tau 4 vertical bar(2) < 0.15 (90% C. L.) for the sterile neutrino mass splitting Delta m(41)(2) = 1.0 eV(2).

  • 25.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Numberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Numberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Argueelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Numberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Numberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Obertacke Pollmann, A.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Penek, Oe.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Numberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Icecube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Extending the Search for Muon Neutrinos Coincident with Gamma-Ray Bursts in IceCube Data2017In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 843, no 2, article id 112Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present an all-sky search for muon neutrinos produced during the prompt γ-ray emission of 1172 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The detection of these neutrinos would constitute evidence for ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) production in GRBs, as interactions between accelerated protons and the prompt γ-ray field would yield charged pions, which decay to neutrinos. A previously reported search for muon neutrino tracks from northern hemisphere GRBs has been extended to include three additional years of IceCube data. A search for such tracks from southern hemisphere GRBs in five years of IceCube data has been introduced to enhance our sensitivity to the highest energy neutrinos. No significant correlation between neutrino events and observed GRBs is seen in the new data. Combining this result with previous muon neutrino track searches and a search for cascade signature events from all neutrino flavors, we obtain new constraints for single-zone fireball models of GRB neutrino and UHECR production.

  • 26.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bagherpour, H.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S IA7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Krueger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Measurement of the nu(mu) energy spectrum with IceCube-792017In: European Physical Journal C, ISSN 1434-6044, E-ISSN 1434-6052, Vol. 77, no 10, article id 692Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IceCube is a neutrino observatory deployed in the glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. The nu(mu) energy unfolding described in this paper is based on data taken with IceCube in its 79-string configuration. A sample of muon neutrino charged-current interactions with a purity of 99.5% was selected by means of amultivariate classification process based on machine learning. The subsequent unfolding was performed using the software TRUEE. The resulting spectrum covers an E-nu-range of more than four orders of magnitude from 125 GeV to 3.2 PeV. Compared to the Honda atmospheric neutrino flux model, the energy spectrum shows an excess of more than 1.9 sigma in four adjacent bins for neutrino energies E-nu >= 177.8 TeV. The obtained spectrum is fully compatible with previous measurements of the atmospheric neutrino flux and recent IceCube measurements of a flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos.

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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Busse, R. S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Clark, K.
    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada.
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Coppin, P.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Correa, P.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Dave, P.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    De Clercq, C.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    DeLaunay, J. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Deoskar, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Vries, K. D.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de Wasseige, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Dvorak, E.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Fritz, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Ganster, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Glauch, T.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halve, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hoinka, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan.
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Huennefeld, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hussain, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Iovine, N.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Kalaczynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Kappesser, D.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Kruckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Leonard, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Lohfink, E.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Mariscal, C. J. Lozano
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Luenemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Makino, Y.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Maris, I. C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Nagai, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    O'Sullivan, E.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Pizzuto, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rauch, L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Renzi, G.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Safa, I.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schaufel, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Sclafani, S.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stein, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tonnis, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Unger, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Watson, T. B.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Wrede, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Differential limit on the extremely-high-energy cosmic neutrino flux in the presence of astrophysical background from nine years of IceCube data2018In: Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology, ISSN 2470-0010, E-ISSN 2470-0029, Vol. 98, no 6, article id 062003Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report a quasidifferential upper limit on the extremely-high-energy (EHE) neutrino flux above 5 x 10(6) GeV based on an analysis of nine years of IceCube data. The astrophysical neutrino flux measured by IceCube extends to PeV energies, and it is a background flux when searching for an independent signal flux at higher energies, such as the cosmogenic neutrino signal. We have developed a new method to place robust limits on the EHE neutrino flux in the presence of an astrophysical background, whose spectrum has yet to be understood with high precision at PeV energies. A distinct event with a deposited energy above 10(6) GeV was found in the new two-year sample, in addition to the one event previously found in the seven-year EHE neutrino search. These two events represent a neutrino flux that is incompatible with predictions for a cosmogenic neutrino flux and are considered to be an astrophysical background in the current study. The obtained limit is the most stringent to date in the energy range between 5 x 10(6) and 2 x 10(10) GeV. This result constrains neutrino models predicting a three-flavor neutrino flux of E-nu(2)phi(nu e+nu mu+nu tau) similar or equal to 2 x 10(-8) GeV/cm(2) sec sr at 10(9) GeV. A significant part of the parameter space for EHE neutrino production scenarios assuming a proton-dominated composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is disfavored independently of uncertain models of the extragalactic background light which previous IceCube constraints partially relied on.

  • 28.
    Aartsen, M. G.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Arsioli, B.
    Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, R Sergio Buarque de Holanda 777, BR-13083859 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Bagherpour, H.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
    Barron, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Becker, K. -H
    Ben Zvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Borner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Boser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bourbeau, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Bourbeau, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Brenzke, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Brostean-Kaiser, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Busse, R. S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Clark, K.
    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y IN2, Canada.
    Classen, L.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Coppin, P.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Correa, P.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Dave, P.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    De Clercq, C.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    DeLaunay, J. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Vries, K. D.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de Wasseige, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    De Young, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Dvorak, E.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Fritz, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Giommi, P.
    ICRANet, Piazzale Repubbl 10, I-65122 Pescara, Italy;ASI, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy;Tech Univ Munich, Inst Adv Studies, Lichtenbergstr 2a, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Glauch, T.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Glusenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hoinka, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hunnefeld, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hussain, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Iovine, N.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Kalaczynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kappes, A.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Kappesser, D.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kim, M.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Kopke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Krammer, B.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Kruckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Leonard, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Mariscal, C. J. Lozano
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Lunemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    O'Sullivan, E.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Padovani, P.
    European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Safa, I.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Sahakyan, N.
    ICRANet Armenia, Marshall Baghramian Ave 24a, Yerevan 0019, Armenia.
    Salzer, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schoneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Sclafani, S.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Toennis, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Neutrino emission from the direction of the blazar TXS 0506+056 prior to the IceCube-170922A alert2018In: Science, ISSN 0036-8075, E-ISSN 1095-9203, Vol. 361, no 6398, p. 147-151Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A high-energy neutrino event detected by IceCube on 22 September 2017 was coincident in direction and time with a gamma-ray flare from the blazar TXS 0506+056. Prompted by this association, we investigated 9.5 years of IceCube neutrino observations to search for excess emission at the position of the blazar. We found an excess of high-energy neutrino events, with respect to atmospheric backgrounds, at that position between September 2014 and March 2015. Allowing for time-variable flux, this constitutes 3.5 sigma evidence for neutrino emission from the direction of TXS 0506+056, independent of and prior to the 2017 flaring episode. This suggests that blazars are identifiable sources of the high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux.

  • 29.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Backes, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Bagherpour, H.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
    Barbano, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Barron, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bourbeau, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Bourbeau, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Brenzke, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Brostean-Kaiser, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Busse, R. S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Clark, K.
    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada.
    Classen, L.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Coppin, P.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Correa, P.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Dave, P.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    De Clercq, C.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    DeLaunay, J. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Deoskar, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Vries, K. D.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de Wasseige, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Dvorak, E.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Evans, P. A.
    Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Fritz, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Ganster, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Glauch, T.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halve, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Heereman, D.
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hoinka, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan.
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Huennefeld, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hussain, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Iovine, N.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Kalaczynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kappes, A.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Kappesser, D.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Leonard, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Lohfink, E.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Mariscal, C. J. Lozano
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Lunemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Makino, Y.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Maris, I. C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meures, T.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Nagai, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Osborne, J. P.
    Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
    O'Sullivan, E.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Pizzuto, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rauch, L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Renzi, G.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Safa, I.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schaufel, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Schneider, J.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany;TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sclafani, S.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stein, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tonnis, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Elorrieta, M. A. Unland
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Watson, T. B.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Whitehorn, N.
    UCLA, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Wrede, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Constraints on Minute-Scale Transient Astrophysical Neutrino Sources2019In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 122, no 5, article id 051102Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    High-energy neutrino emission has been predicted for several short-lived astrophysical transients including gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), core-collapse supernovae with choked jets, and neutron star mergers. IceCube's optical and x-ray follow-up program searches for such transient sources by looking for two or more muon neutrino candidates in directional coincidence and arriving within 100 s. The measured rate of neutrino alerts is consistent with the expected rate of chance coincidences of atmospheric background events and no likely electromagnetic counterparts have been identified in Swift follow-up observations. Here, we calculate generic bounds on the neutrino flux of short-lived transient sources. Assuming an E-2.5 neutrino spectrum, we find that the neutrino flux of rare sources, like long gamma-ray bursts, is constrained to < 5% of the detected astrophysical flux and the energy released in neutrinos (100 GeV to 10 PeV) by a median bright GRB-like source is < 10(52.5) erg. For a harder E-2.13 neutrino spectrum up to 30% of the flux could be produced by GRBs and the allowed median source energy is < 10(52) erg. A hypothetical population of transient sources has to be more common than 10(-5) Mpc(-3) yr(-1) (5 x 10(-8) Mpc(-3) yr(-1) for the E-2.13 spectrum) to account for the complete astrophysical neutrino flux.

  • 30.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Ackermann, M.
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Backes, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Bagherpour, H.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
    Barbano, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Barron, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bourbeau, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Bourbeau, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Brenzke, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Brostean-Kaiser, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Busse, R. S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Clark, K.
    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada.
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Coppin, P.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Correa, P.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Dave, P.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    De Clercq, C.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    DeLaunay, J. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Deoskar, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Vries, K. D.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de Wasseige, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Dvorak, E.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Fritz, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Ganster, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Garrappa, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Glauch, T.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halve, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hoinka, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hunnefeld, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hussain, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Iovine, N.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Kalaczynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Kappesser, D.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Univ Penn, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Leonard, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Lohfink, E.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Mariscal, C. J. Lozano
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Lunemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Makino, Y.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Maris, I. C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Nagai, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    O'Sullivan, E.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Pizzuto, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rauch, L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Univ Penn, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Renzi, G.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Univ Penn, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Robertson, S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Safa, I.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schaufel, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Schneider, J.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Sclafani, S.
    Univ Penn, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stein, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tonnis, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Unger, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Elorrieta, M. A. Unland
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Watson, T. B.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Room 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Univ Penn, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Wrede, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Measurements using the inelasticity distribution of multi-TeV neutrino interactions in IceCube2019In: Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology, ISSN 2470-0010, E-ISSN 2470-0029, Vol. 99, no 3, article id 032004Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Inelasticity, the fraction of a neutrino's energy transferred to hadrons, is a quantity of interest in the study of astrophysical and atmospheric neutrino interactions at multi-TeV energies with IceCube. In this work, a sample of contained neutrino interactions in IceCube is obtained from five years of data and classified as 2650 tracks and 965 cascades. Tracks arise predominantly from charged-current nu(mu) interactions, and we demonstrate that we can reconstruct their energy and inelasticity. The inelasticity distribution is found to be consistent with the calculation of Cooper-Sarkar et al. across the energy range from similar to 1 to similar to 100 TeV. Along with cascades from neutrinos of all flavors, we also perform a fit over the energy, zenith angle, and inelasticity distribution to characterize the flux of astrophysical and atmospheric neutrinos. The energy spectrum of diffuse astrophysical neutrinos is described well by a power law in both track and cascade samples, and a best-fit index gamma = 2.62 +/- 0.07 is found in the energy range from 3.5 TeV to 2.6 PeV. Limits are set on the astrophysical flavor composition and are compatible with a ratio of (1/3 : 1/3 : 1/3)(circle plus). Exploiting the distinct inelasticity distribution of nu(mu) and (nu) over bar (mu) interactions, the atmospheric nu(mu) to (nu) over bar (mu) flux ratio in the energy range from 770 GeV to 21 TeV is found to be 0.77(-0.25)(+0.44) times the calculation by Honda et al. Lastly, the inelasticity distribution is also sensitive to neutrino charged-current charm production. The data are consistent with a leading-order calculation, with zero charm production excluded at 91% confidence level. Future analyses of inelasticity distributions may probe new physics that affects neutrino interactions both in and beyond the Standard Model.

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  • 31.
    Aartsen, M. G.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bagherpour, H.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barron, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bourbeau, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Bourbeau, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Brenzke, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Brostean-Kaiser, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casey, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Casier, M.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    DeLaunay, J. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Dvorak, E.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Huennefeld, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA..
    Kalaczynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kirby, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kruckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Luenemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Saelzer, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
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    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Search for nonstandard neutrino interactions with IceCube DeepCore2018In: Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology, ISSN 2470-0010, E-ISSN 2470-0029, Vol. 97, no 7, article id 072009Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    As atmospheric neutrinos propagate through the Earth, vacuumlike oscillations are modified by Standard Model neutral-and charged-current interactions with electrons. Theories beyond the Standard Model introduce heavy, TeV-scale bosons that can produce nonstandard neutrino interactions. These additional interactions may modify the Standard Model matter effect producing a measurable deviation from the prediction for atmospheric neutrino oscillations. The result described in this paper constrains nonstandard interaction parameters, building upon a previous analysis of atmospheric muon-neutrino disappearance with three years of IceCube DeepCore data. The best fit for the muon to tau flavor changing term is epsilon(mu tau) = -0.0005, with a 90% C.L. allowed range of -0.0067 < epsilon(mu tau) < 0.0081. This result is more restrictive than recent limits from other experiments for.mu t. Furthermore, our result is complementary to a recent constraint on epsilon(mu tau) using another publicly available IceCube high-energy event selection. Together, they constitute the world's best limits on nonstandard interactions in the mu - tau sector.

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  • 32.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada..
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    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Room 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 11794 USA..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 11794 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Saelzer, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.;Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Werthebach, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations at 6-56 GeV with IceCube DeepCore2018In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 120, no 7, article id 071801Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a measurement of the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters using three years of data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The DeepCore infill array in the center of IceCube enables the detection and reconstruction of neutrinos produced by the interaction of cosmic rays in Earth's atmosphere at energies as low as similar to 5 GeV. That energy threshold permits measurements of muon neutrino disappearance, over a range of baselines up to the diameter of the Earth, probing the same range of L/E-v. as long-baseline experiments but with substantially higher- energy neutrinos. This analysis uses neutrinos from the full sky with reconstructed energies from 5.6 to 56 GeV. We measure Delta m(32)(2) = 2.31(-0.13)(+0.11) x 10(-3) eV(2) and sin(2) theta(23) = 0.51(- 0.09)(+0.07), assuming normal neutrino mass ordering. These results are consistent with, and of similar precision to, those from accelerator- and reactor-based experiments.

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  • 33.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bourbeau, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Brenzke, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casey, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Miinster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    DeLaunay, J. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ellerm, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Glusenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hills, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA..
    Kalacynskim, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Miinster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Kopke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kriickl, G.
    Kunnenu, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchim, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Maruyamau, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Plums, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Salzer, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vehring, M. , I
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraffm, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebem, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Constraints on Galactic Neutrino Emission with Seven Years of IceCube Data2017In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 849, no 1, article id 67Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The origins of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos remain a mystery despite extensive searches for their sources. We present constraints from seven years of IceCube Neutrino Observatory muon data on the neutrino flux coming from the Galactic plane. This flux is expected from cosmic-ray interactions with the interstellar medium or near localized sources. Two methods were developed to test for a spatially extended flux from the entire plane, both of which are maximum likelihood fits but with different signal and background modeling techniques. We consider three templates for Galactic neutrino emission based primarily on gamma-ray observations and models that cover a wide range of possibilities. Based on these templates and in the benchmark case of an unbroken E-2.5 power-law energy spectrum, we set 90% confidence level upper limits, constraining the possible Galactic contribution to the diffuse neutrino flux to be relatively small, less than 14% of the flux reported in Aartsen et al. above 1 TeV. A stacking method is also used to test catalogs of known high-energy Galactic gamma-ray sources.

  • 34.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bagherpour, H.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barron, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Borner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bourbeau, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Brenzke, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casey, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Casier, M.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y IN2, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Classen, L.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    DeLaunay, J. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Genet Unit, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de with, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA..
    Kalacynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Labare, M.
    Genet Unit, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Genet Unit, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Salzer, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    SchNeberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stoessl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Van Driessche, W.
    Genet Unit, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Genet Unit, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Genet Unit, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Physikal Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Search for neutrinos from dark matter self-annihilations in the center of the Milky Way with 3 years of IceCube/DeepCore2017In: European Physical Journal C, ISSN 1434-6044, E-ISSN 1434-6052, Vol. 77, no 9, article id 627Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a search for a neutrino signal from dark matter self-annihilations in the Milky Way using the Ice-Cube Neutrino Observatory (IceCube). In 1005 days of data we found no significant excess of neutrinos over the background of neutrinos produced in atmospheric air showers from cosmic ray interactions. We derive upper limits on the velocity averaged product of the darkmatter self-annihilation cross section and the relative velocity of the dark matter particles <sigma Av >. Upper limits are set for darkmatter particle candidate masses ranging from 10GeV up to 1TeV while considering annihilation through multiple channels. This work sets the most stringent limit on a neutrino signal from dark matter with mass between 10 and 100GeV, with a limit of 1.18 . 10-23 cm(3)s(-1) for 100GeV dark matter particles self-annihilating via iota(+)iota(-) t-to neutrinos (assuming the Navarro-Frenk-White dark matter halo profile).

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  • 35.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Borner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bourbeau, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Bourbeau, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy;SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA;Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada.
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    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Guadalajara, Dept Fis, Ctr Univ Ciencias Exactase Ingn, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico;Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Valles CUValles, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan.
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hunnefeld, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hussain, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Iovine, N.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Kalaczynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Kappesser, D.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kim, M.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Kopke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Kruckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Leonard, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Mariscal, C. J. Lozano
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    O'Sullivan, E.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rauch, L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany;TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Safa, I.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Salzer, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA;Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA;Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
    Satalecka, K.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schoneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Sclafani, S.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stein, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Toennis, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Mallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Abdollahi, S.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Ajello, M.
    Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
    Angioni, R.
    Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
    Baldini, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy;Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
    Ballet, J.
    Univ Paris Diderot, CEA IRFU CNRS, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Barbiellini, G.
    Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, Via Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;INFN, Via Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
    Bastieri, D.
    Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Bechtol, K.
    Large Synopt Survey Telescope, 933 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
    Bellazzini, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
    Berenji, B.
    Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA.
    Bissaldi, E.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Blandford, R. D.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Bonino, R.
    Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
    Bottacini, E.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Bregeon, J.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 F- Montpellier, France.
    Bruel, P.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
    Buehler, R.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Burnett, T. H.
    Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
    Burns, E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA;NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Buson, S.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA;NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Cameron, R. A.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Caputo, R.
    CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Caraveo, P. A.
    INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
    Cavazzuti, E.
    Italian Space Agcy, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Charles, E.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Chen, S.
    Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Cheung, C. C.
    Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
    Chiang, J.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Chiaro, G.
    INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
    Ciprini, S.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Snc, Via Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
    Cohen-Tanugi, J.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 F- Montpellier, France.
    Conrad, J.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Costantin, D.
    Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Cutini, S.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Snc, Via Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
    D'Ammando, F.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy;Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
    de Palma, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy.
    Digel, S. W.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Di Lalla, N.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy;Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
    Di Mauro, M.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Di Venere, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Dominguez, A.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;Univ Complutense Madrid, Grp Altas Energias, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
    Favuzzi, C.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Fukazawa, Y.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Funk, S.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany;Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Fusco, P.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Gargano, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Gasparrini, D.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Snc, Via Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
    Giglietto, N.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Giomi, M.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Giommi, P.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Snc, Via Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Giordano, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Giroletti, M.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
    Glanzman, T.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Green, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Grenier, I. A.
    Univ Paris Diderot, CEA IRFU CNRS, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Grondin, M. -H
    Guiriec, S.
    George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, 725 21st St, Washington, DC 20052 USA;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Harding, A. K.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Hayashida, M.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Konan Univ, 8 Chome 9-1 Okamoto, Kobe, Hyogo 6580072, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Hays, E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Hewitt, J. W.
    Univ North Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA.
    Horan, D.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
    Johannesson, G.
    Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland;KTH Royal Inst Technol, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kadler, M.
    Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
    Kensei, S.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Kocevski, D.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Krauss, F.
    Univ Amsterdam, GRAPPA, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands;Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Postbus 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Kreter, M.
    Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
    Kuss, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
    La Mura, G.
    Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Larsson, S.
    KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Latronico, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
    Lemoine-Goumard, M.
    Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France;Univ Bordeaux, CNRS IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France.
    Li, J.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Longo, F.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
    Loparco, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Lovellette, M. N.
    Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
    Lubrano, P.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
    Magill, J. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Maldera, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
    Malyshev, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Manfreda, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy;Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
    Mazziotta, M. N.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    McEnery, J. E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Meyer, M.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Michelson, P. F.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Mizuno, T.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Monzani, M. E.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Morselli, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy;INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Moskalenko, I. V.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Negro, M.
    Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
    Nuss, E.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 F- Montpellier, France.
    Ojha, R.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Omodei, N.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Orienti, M.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
    Orlando, E.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Palatiello, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
    Paliya, V. S.
    Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
    Perkins, J. S.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Persic, M.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy;Univ Bologna, INAF Trieste, Bologna, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;Univ Bologna, Dept Phys & Astron, Bologna, Italy;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy;Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy.
    Pesce-Rollins, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
    Piron, F.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 F- Montpellier, France.
    Porter, T. A.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Principe, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Raino, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Rando, R.
    Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Rani, B.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Razzano, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
    Razzaque, S.
    Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Box 524, ZA-2006 Auckland, New Zealand.
    Reimer, A.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Reimer, O.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Renault-Tinacci, N.
    Univ Paris Diderot, CEA IRFU CNRS, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France;UPMC CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France.
    Ritz, S.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
    Rochester, L. S.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Parkinson, P. M. Saz
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA;Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China;Univ Hong Kong, Lab Space Res, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
    Sgro, C.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
    Siskind, E. J.
    NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA.
    Spandre, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
    Spinelli, P.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
    Suson, D. J.
    Purdue Univ Northwest, Hammond, IN 46323 USA.
    Tajima, H.
    Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Takahashi, M.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Tanaka, Y.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Thayer, J. B.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Thompson, D. J.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Tibaldo, L.
    Univ Toulouse, CNRS, IRAP, UPS,CNES, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
    Torres, D. F.
    ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain;Inst Space Sci CSICIEEC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.
    Torresi, E.
    INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologna, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
    Tosti, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy;Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
    Troja, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Valverde, J.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
    Vianello, G.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Vogel, M.
    Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA.
    Wood, K.
    Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA;Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA.
    Wood, M.
    Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    Zaharijas, G.
    Univ Nova Gorica, Ctr Astrophys & Cosmol, Nova Gorica, Slovenia;Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
    Ahnen, M. L.
    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
    Ansoldi, S.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
    Antonelli, L. A.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    Arcaro, C.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Baack, D.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Babic, A.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany;Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Banerjee, B.
    Saha Inst Nucl Phys, HBNI, 1-AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India.
    Bangale, P.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    de Almeida, U. Barres
    URCA, CBPF, BR-2229018 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
    Barrio, J. A.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
    Gonzalez, J. Becerra
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.
    Bednarek, W.
    Univ Lodz, Dept Astrophys, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland.
    Berti, A.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
    Bhattacharyya, W.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Biland, A.
    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
    Blanch, O.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Bonnoli, G.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
    Carosi, A.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy;Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France.
    Carosi, R.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
    Ceribella, G.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Chatterjee, A.
    Saha Inst Nucl Phys, HBNI, 1-AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India.
    Colak, S. M.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Colin, P.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Colombo, E.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.
    Contreras, J. L.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
    Cortina, J.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Covino, S.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    Cumani, P.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Da Vela, P.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
    Dazzi, F.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    De Angelis, A.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    De Lotto, B.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
    Delfino, M.
    Port Informac Cient PIC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Delgado, J.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Di Pierro, F.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Prester, D. . Dominis
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Dorner, D.
    Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
    Doro, M.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Einecke, S.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Elsaesser, D.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ramazani, V. Fallah
    Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland;Univ Turku, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland.
    Fernandez-Barral, A.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Fidalgo, D.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
    Foffano, L.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Pfrang, K.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Fonseca, M. V.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
    Font, L.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
    Franceschini, A.
    Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, E-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Fruck, C.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Galindo, D.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
    Gallozzi, S.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    Lopez, R. J. Garcia
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.
    Garczarczyk, M.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Gaug, M.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
    Giammaria, P.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    Godinovic, N.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Gora, D.
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland;Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Guberman, D.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Hadasch, D.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Hahn, A.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Hassan, T.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Herrera, J.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.
    Hose, J.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Hrupec, D.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Inoue, S.
    RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
    Ishio, K.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Konno, Y.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Kubo, H.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Kushida, J.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Lelas, D.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Lindfors, E.
    Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland;Univ Turku, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland.
    Lombardi, S.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    Lopez, M.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
    Maggio, C.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
    Majumdar, P.
    Saha Inst Nucl Phys, HBNI, 1-AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India.
    Makariev, M.
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria.
    Maneva, G.
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria.
    Manganaro, M.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.
    Mannheim, K.
    Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
    Maraschi, L.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    Mariotti, M.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Martinez, M.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Masuda, S.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Mazin, D.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Minev, M.
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria.
    M, J. M.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
    Mirzoyan, R.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Moralejo, A.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Moreno, V.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
    Moretti, E.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Nagayoshi, T.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Neustroev, V.
    Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland;Univ Turku, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland.
    Niedzwiecki, A.
    Univ Lodz, Dept Astrophys, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland.
    Rosillo, M. Nievas
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
    Nigro, C.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Nilsson, K.
    Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland;Univ Turku, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland.
    Ninci, D.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Nishijima, K.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Noda, K.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Nogues, L.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Paiano, S.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Palacio, J.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Paneque, D.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Paoletti, R.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
    Paredes, J. M.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
    Pedaletti, G.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Peresano, M.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
    Moroni, P. G. Prada
    Univ Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy;INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
    Prandini, E.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Puljak, I.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Garcia, J. Rodriguez
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Reichardt, I.
    INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
    Ribo, M.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
    Rico, J.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Righi, C.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    Rugliancich, A.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
    Saito, T.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Schweizer, T.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Sitarek, J.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Univ Lodz, Dept Astrophys, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Snidaric, I.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Sobczynska, D.
    Univ Lodz, Dept Astrophys, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland.
    Stamerra, A.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    Strzys, M.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Suric, T.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Tavecchio, F.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.
    Temnikov, P.
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria.
    Terzic, T.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Teshima, M.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Torres-Alba, N.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
    Treves, A.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
    Tsujimoto, S.
    Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
    Vanzo, G.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.
    Acosta, M. Vazquez
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.
    Vovk, I.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Ward, J. E.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
    Will, M.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
    Zaric, D.
    Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.
    Lucarelli, F.
    INAF OAR, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy;ASI Space Sci Data Ctr SSDC, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Tavani, M.
    Univ Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy;Gran Sasso Sci Inst, Viale Francesco Crispi 7, I-67100 Laquila, Italy;INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Piano, G.
    INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Donnarumma, I.
    ASI, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Pittori, C.
    INAF OAR, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy;ASI Space Sci Data Ctr SSDC, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Verrecchia, F.
    INAF OAR, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy;ASI Space Sci Data Ctr SSDC, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Bulgarelli, A.
    INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
    Caraveo, P.
    INAF IASF Milano, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
    Cattaneo, P. W.
    INFN Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
    Colafrancesco, S.
    Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa;Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa;INAF OAR, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy.
    Costa, E.
    ASI, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy;INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Di Cocco, G.
    INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
    Ferrari, A.
    Univ Turin, Phys Dept, CIFS, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
    Gianotti, F.
    INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
    Giuliani, A.
    INAF IASF Milano, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
    Lipari, P.
    INFN Roma Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
    Mereghetti, S.
    INAF IASF Milano, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy;IASF Milano, INAF, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
    Pacciani, L.
    INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Paoletti, F.
    East Windsor RSD, 25a Leshin Lane, Hightstown, NJ 08520 USA;INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Parmiggiani, N.
    INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
    Pellizzoni, A.
    INAF, Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy.
    Picozza, P.
    INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Pilia, M.
    INAF, Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy.
    Rappoldi, A.
    INFN Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
    Trois, A.
    INAF, Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy.
    Vercellone, S.
    INAF Oss Astron Brera, Via E Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy.
    Vittorini, V.
    INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Stanek, K. Z.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Kochanek, C. S.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 191 W Woodruff S9 Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Beacom, J. F.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 191 W Woodruff S9 Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Thompson, T. A.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Holoien, W. -S
    Dong, S.
    Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, 5 Yiheyuanlu, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
    Prieto, J. L.
    Univ Diego Port, Nucleo Astron, Fac Ingn Ciencias, Av Ejercito 441, Santiago, Chile;Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
    Shappee, B. J.
    Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
    Holmbo, S.
    Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
    Abeysekara, A. U.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA;Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
    Albert, A.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA;Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Alfaro, R.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Alvarez, C.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
    Arceo, R.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
    Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico.
    Rojas, D. Avila
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Solares, H. A. Ayala
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Becerril, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Belmont-Moreno, E.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Bernal, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Caballero-Mora, K. S.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Capistran, T.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico.
    Carraminana, A.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico.
    Casanova, S.
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, IFJ PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland;Inst Fizyki Jadrowej PAN, Ul Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland;Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Castillo, M.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico.
    Cotti, U.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico.
    Cotzomi, J.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico.
    de Leon, S. Coutino
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico.
    De Leon, C.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico.
    De la Fuente, E.
    Univ Guadalajara, Dept Fis, Ctr Univ Ciencias Exactase Ingn, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico;Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Valles CUValles, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
    Hernandez, R. Diaz
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico.
    Dichiara, S.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Dingus, B. L.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA.
    DuVernois, M. A.
    Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Phys, Madison, WI USA.
    Ellsworth, R. W.
    George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
    Engel, K.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Fiorino, D. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Fleischhack, H.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
    Fraija, N.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Garcia-Gonzalez, J. A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Garfias, F.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Munoz, A. Gonzalez
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Gonzalez, M. M.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Goodman, J. A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hampel-Arias, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Phys, Madison, WI USA.
    Harding, J. P.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA.
    Hernandez, S.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Hona, B.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
    Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
    Hui, C. M.
    NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
    Huntemeyer, P.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
    Iriarte, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Jardin-Blicq, A.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Joshi, V.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Kaufmann, S.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
    Kunde, G. J.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA.
    Lara, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Lauer, R. J.
    Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
    Lee, W. H.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Lennarz, D.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Vargas, H. Leon
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Linnemann, J. T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Longinotti, A. L.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico.
    Luis-Raya, G.
    Univ Politecn Pachuca, Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico.
    Luna-Garcia, R.
    Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest Computac, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Malone, K.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Marinelli, S. S.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Martinez, O.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico.
    Martinez-Castellanos, I.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Martinez-Castro, J.
    Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest Computac, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Martinez-Huerta, H.
    IPN, Dept Phys, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Matthews, J. A.
    Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
    Miranda-Romagnoli, P.
    Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.
    Moreno, E.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico.
    Mostafa, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Nayerhoda, A.
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, IFJ PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
    Nellen, L.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Newbold, M.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
    Nisa, M. U.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Noriega-Papaqui, R.
    Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.
    Pelayo, R.
    Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest Computac, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Pretz, J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Perez-Perez, E. G.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA.
    Ren, Z.
    Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
    Rho, C. D.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Riviere, C.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Rosa-Gonzalez, D.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico.
    Rosenberg, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ruiz-Velasco, E.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany;Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Greus, F. Salesa
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, IFJ PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
    Sandoval, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Schneider, M.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
    Schoorlemmer, H.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Sinnis, G.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA.
    Smith, A. J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Springer, R. W.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
    Surajbali, P.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Tibolla, O.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
    Tollefson, K.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Torres, I.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico.
    Villasenor, L.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico.
    Weisgarber, T.
    Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Phys, Madison, WI USA.
    Werner, F.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Yapici, T.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Gaurang, Y.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Zepeda, A.
    IPN, Dept Phys, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
    Zhou, H.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA.
    Alvarez, J. D.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico.
    Abdalla, H.
    North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa.
    Anguner, E. O.
    Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France.
    Armand, C.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France.
    Backes, M.
    Univ Namibia, Dept Phys, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia.
    Becherini, Y.
    Linnaeus Univ, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, S-35195 Vaxjo, Sweden.
    Berge, D.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Bottcher, M.
    North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa.
    Boisson, C.
    Univ Paris Diderot, PSL Res Univ, CNRS, LUTH, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France.
    Bolmont, J.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France.
    Bonnefoy, S.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France.
    Bordas, P.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Brun, F.
    Univ Bordeaux, CNRS IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France.
    Buchele, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Bulik, T.
    Univ Warsaw, Astron Observ, Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland.
    Caroff, S.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
    Cerruti, M.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France.
    Chakraborty, N.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Chandra, S.
    North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa.
    Chen, A.
    Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
    Davids, I. D.
    Univ Namibia, Dept Phys, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia.
    Deil, C.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Devin, J.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CC 72,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France.
    Djannati-Atai, A.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
    Egberts, K.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
    Emery, G.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France.
    Eschbach, S.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Fiasson, A.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France.
    Fontaine, G.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
    Fussling, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Gallant, Y. A.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CC 72,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France.
    Gate, F.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France.
    Giavitto, G.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Glawion, D.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Glicenstein, J. F.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Gottschall, D.
    Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Sand 1, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.
    Haupt, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Henri, G.
    Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
    Hinton, J. A.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Hoischen, C.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
    Holch, T. L.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Huber, D.
    Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
    Jamrozy, M.
    Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Obserwatorium Astron, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland.
    Jankowsky, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Jankowsky, F.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Jouvin, L.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
    Jung-Richardt, I.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Kerszberg, D.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France.
    Khelifi, B.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
    King, J.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Klepser, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kluzniak, W.
    Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
    Komin, Nu.
    Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
    Kraus, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Lefaucheur, J.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Lemiere, A.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
    Lenain, J. -P
    Leser, E.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
    Lohse, T.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Lopez-Coto, R.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Lorentz, M.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Lypova, I.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Marandon, V.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Marti-Devesa, G. Guillem
    Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
    Maurin, G.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France.
    Mitchell, A. M. W.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Moderski, R.
    Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
    Mohamed, M.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Mohrmann, L.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Moulin, E.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Murach, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    de Naurois, M.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
    Niederwanger, F.
    Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
    Niemiec, J.
    Inst Fizyki Jadrowej PAN, Ul Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
    Oakes, L.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    O'Brien, P.
    Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
    Ohm, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Ostrowski, M.
    Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Obserwatorium Astron, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland.
    Oya, I.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Panter, M.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Parsons, R. D.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Perennes, C.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France.
    Piel, Q.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France.
    Pita, S.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
    Poireau, V.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France.
    Noel, A. Priyana
    Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Obserwatorium Astron, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland.
    Prokoph, H.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Puhlhofer, G.
    Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Sand 1, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.
    Quirrenbach, A.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Raab, S.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Rauth, R.
    Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
    Renaud, M.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CC 72,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France.
    Rieger, F.
    ITA Univ Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Rinchiuso, L.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Romoli, C.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Rowell, G.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Phys Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Rudak, B.
    Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
    Sanchez, D. A.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France.
    Sasaki, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Schlickeiser, R.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys, Lehrstuhl Weltraum & Astrophys 4, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Schussler, F.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Schulz, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schwanke, U.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Seglar-Arroyo, M.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Shafi, N.
    Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
    Simoni, R.
    Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, GRAPPA, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Sol, H.
    Univ Paris Diderot, PSL Res Univ, CNRS, LUTH, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France.
    Stegmann, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
    Steppa, C.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
    Tavernier, T.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
    Taylor, A. M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tiziani, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Trichard, C.
    Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France.
    Tsirou, M.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CC 72,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France.
    van Eldik, C.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    van Rensburg, C.
    North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa.
    van Soelen, B.
    Univ Free State, Dept Phys, POB 339, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa.
    Veh, J.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Vincent, P.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France.
    Voisin, F.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Phys Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wagner, S. J.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Wagner, R. M.
    Stockholm Univ, Albanova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wierzcholska, A.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
    Zanin, R.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Zdziarski, A. A.
    Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
    Zech, A.
    Univ Paris Diderot, PSL Res Univ, CNRS, LUTH, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France.
    Ziegler, A.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany.
    Zorn, J.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Zywucka, N.
    Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Obserwatorium Astron, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland.
    Savchenko, V.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, ISDC, Chemin Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland.
    Ferrigno, C.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, ISDC, Chemin Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland.
    Bazzano, A.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Diehl, R.
    Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany.
    Kuulkers, E.
    European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESA ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands.
    Laurent, P.
    CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu Serv Astrophys, Bat 709 Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France;Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,Observ Paris Sorbonne Paris Cite,APC, 10 Rue Alice Domont & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
    Natalucci, L.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Panessa, F.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Rodi, J.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Ubertini, P.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
    Morokuma, T.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Grad Sch Sci, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan.
    Ohta, K.
    Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
    Tanaka, Y. T.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Mori, H.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Yamanaka, M.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Kawabata, K. S.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Utsumi, Y.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
    Nakaoka, T.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Kawabata, M.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Nagashima, H.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
    Yoshida, M.
    Natl Inst Nat Sci, Subaru Telescope, Natl Astron Observ Japan, 650 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
    Matsuoka, Y.
    Ehime Univ, Res Ctr Space & Cosm Evolut, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan.
    Itoh, R.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, 2-12-1 Ohokayama, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
    Keel, W.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 870324, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Copperwheat, C.
    Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, IC2,Liverpool Sci Pk, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England.
    Steele, I.
    Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, IC2,Liverpool Sci Pk, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England.
    Cenko, S. B.
    Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Mail Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Evans, P. A.
    Univ Leicester, Xray & Observat Astron Res Grp, Leicester Inst Space & Earth Observat, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
    Fox, D. B.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, Ctr Theoret & Observat Cosmol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Kennea, J. A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Marshall, F. E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 660-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
    Osborne, J. P.
    Univ Leicester, Xray & Observat Astron Res Grp, Leicester Inst Space & Earth Observat, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
    Tohuvavohu, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Archer, A.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
    Benbow, W.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
    Bird, R.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Brill, A.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
    Brose, R.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany;DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Buchovecky, M.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Buckley, J. H.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
    Bugaev, V.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
    Christiansen, J. L.
    Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307 USA.
    Connolly, M. P.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland.
    Cui, W.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA;Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China;Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
    Daniel, M. K.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
    Errando, M.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
    Falcone, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Feng, Q.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
    Finley, J. P.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
    Fortson, L.
    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
    Furniss, A.
    Calif State Univ East Bay, Dept Phys, Hayward, CA 94542 USA.
    Gueta, O.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Hutten, M.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Hervet, O.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
    Hughes, G.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
    Humensky, T. B.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
    Johnson, C. A.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
    Kaaret, P.
    Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
    Kar, P.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
    Kelley-Hoskins, N.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kertzman, M.
    Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA.
    Kieda, D.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
    Krause, M.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Krennrich, F.
    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
    Kumar, S.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Lang, M. J.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland.
    Lin, T. T. Y.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
    Maier, G.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    McArthur, S.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
    Moriarty, P.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland.
    Mukherjee, R.
    Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA.
    Nieto, D.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
    O'Brien, S.
    Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
    Ong, R. A.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Otte, A. N.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
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    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
    Pohl, M.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany;DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Popkow, A.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Pueschel, E.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Quinn, J.
    Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
    Ragan, K.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
    Reynolds, P. T.
    Cork Inst Technol, Dept Phys Sci, Cork, Ireland.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
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    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
    Sadeh, I.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Scott, S. S.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
    Sembroski, G. H.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
    Shahinyan, K.
    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
    Sushch, I.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Trepanier, S.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
    Tyler, J.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
    Vassiliev, V. V.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
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    Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
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    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
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    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
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    Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
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    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany;DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Williams, D. A.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
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    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, CCIS 4-181, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kimball, A. E.
    Natl Radio Astron Observ, 1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
    Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
    Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
    Sivakoff, G. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, CCIS 4-181, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Multimessenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A2018In: Science, ISSN 0036-8075, E-ISSN 1095-9203, Vol. 361, no 6398, article id eaat1378Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION

    Neutrinos are tracers of cosmic-ray acceleration: electrically neutral and traveling at nearly the speed of light, they can escape the densest environments and may be traced back to their source of origin. High-energy neutrinos are expected to be produced in blazars: intense extragalactic radio, optical, x-ray, and, in some cases, γ-ray sources characterized by relativistic jets of plasma pointing close to our line of sight. Blazars are among the most powerful objects in the Universe and are widely speculated to be sources of high-energy cosmic rays. These cosmic rays generate high-energy neutrinos and γ-rays, which are produced when the cosmic rays accelerated in the jet interact with nearby gas or photons. On 22 September 2017, the cubic-kilometer IceCube Neutrino Observatory detected a ~290-TeV neutrino from a direction consistent with the flaring γ-ray blazar TXS 0506+056. We report the details of this observation and the results of a multiwavelength follow-up campaign.

    RATIONALE

    Multimessenger astronomy aims for globally coordinated observations of cosmic rays, neutrinos, gravitational waves, and electromagnetic radiation across a broad range of wavelengths. The combination is expected to yield crucial information on the mechanisms energizing the most powerful astrophysical sources. That the production of neutrinos is accompanied by electromagnetic radiation from the source favors the chances of a multiwavelength identification. In particular, a measured association of high-energy neutrinos with a flaring source of γ-rays would elucidate the mechanisms and conditions for acceleration of the highest-energy cosmic rays. The discovery of an extraterrestrial diffuse flux of high-energy neutrinos, announced by IceCube in 2013, has characteristic properties that hint at contributions from extragalactic sources, although the individual sources remain as yet unidentified. Continuously monitoring the entire sky for astrophysical neutrinos, IceCube provides real-time triggers for observatories around the world measuring γ-rays, x-rays, optical, radio, and gravitational waves, allowing for the potential identification of even rapidly fading sources.

    RESULTS

    A high-energy neutrino-induced muon track was detected on 22 September 2017, automatically generating an alert that was distributed worldwide within 1 min of detection and prompted follow-up searches by telescopes over a broad range of wavelengths. On 28 September 2017, the Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration reported that the direction of the neutrino was coincident with a cataloged γ-ray source, 0.1° from the neutrino direction. The source, a blazar known as TXS 0506+056 at a measured redshift of 0.34, was in a flaring state at the time with enhanced γ-ray activity in the GeV range. Follow-up observations by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, notably the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes, revealed periods where the detected γ-ray flux from the blazar reached energies up to 400 GeV. Measurements of the source have also been completed at x-ray, optical, and radio wavelengths. We have investigated models associating neutrino and γ-ray production and find that correlation of the neutrino with the flare of TXS 0506+056 is statistically significant at the level of 3 standard deviations (sigma). On the basis of the redshift of TXS 0506+056, we derive constraints for the muon-neutrino luminosity for this source and find them to be similar to the luminosity observed in γ-rays.

    CONCLUSION

    The energies of the γ-rays and the neutrino indicate that blazar jets may accelerate cosmic rays to at least several PeV. The observed association of a high-energy neutrino with a blazar during a period of enhanced γ-ray emission suggests that blazars may indeed be one of the long-sought sources of very-high-energy cosmic rays, and hence responsible for a sizable fraction of the cosmic neutrino flux observed by IceCube.

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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Bretz, H-P
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada.
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    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Huennefele, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hussain, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Iovine, N.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Kalaczynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Kappesser, D.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kim, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Leonard, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Mariscal, C. J. Lozano
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Luenemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    O'Sullivan, E.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Pankova, D. , V
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rauch, L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Safa, I
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Saelzer, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schoenberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Sclafani, S.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stein, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Taboada, I
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Toennis, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    A Search for Neutrino Emission from Fast Radio Bursts with Six Years of IceCube Data2018In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 857, no 2, article id 117Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a search for coincidence between IceCube TeV neutrinos and fast radio bursts (FRBs). During the search period from 2010 May 31 to 2016 May 12, a total of 29 FRBs with 13 unique locations have been detected in the whole sky. An unbinned maximum likelihood method was used to search for spatial and temporal coincidence between neutrinos and FRBs in expanding time windows, in both the northern and southern hemispheres. No significant correlation was found in six years of IceCube data. Therefore, we set upper limits on neutrino fluence emitted by FRBs as a function of time window duration. We set the most stringent limit obtained to date on neutrino fluence from FRBs with an E-2 energy spectrum assumed, which is 0.0021 GeV cm(-2) per burst for emission timescales up to similar to 10(2) s from the northern hemisphere stacking search.

  • 37.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bagherpour, H.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Borner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bourbeau, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Brenzke, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casey, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24, Lively, ON P3Y IN2, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    DeLaunay, J. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Glsenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA..
    Kalacynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Kopke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kruckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Salzer, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
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    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Search for Astrophysical Sources of Neutrinos Using Cascade Events in IceCube2017In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 846, no 2, article id 136Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The IceCube neutrino observatory has established the existence of a flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, which is inconsistent with the expectation from atmospheric backgrounds at a significance greater than 5 sigma. This flux has been observed in analyses of both track events from muon neutrino interactions and cascade events from interactions of all neutrino flavors. Searches for astrophysical neutrino sources have focused on track events due to the significantly better angular resolution of track reconstructions. To date, no such sources have been confirmed. Here we present the first search for astrophysical neutrino sources using cascades interacting in IceCube with deposited energies as small as 1 TeV. No significant clustering was observed in a selection of 263 cascades collected from 2010 May to 2012 May. We show that compared to the classic approach using tracks, this statistically independent search offers improved sensitivity to sources in the southern sky, especially if the emission is spatially extended or follows a soft energy spectrum. This enhancement is due to the low background from atmospheric neutrinos forming cascade events and the additional veto of atmospheric neutrinos at declinations less than or similar to-30 degrees.

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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnber, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnber, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada.
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    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnber, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Huennefeld, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnber, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnber, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kopper, C.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kulacz, N.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Lazar, J. P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Leonard, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Lohfink, E.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Mariscal, C. J. Lozano
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Lucarelli, F.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Luenemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Makino, Y.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Mallot, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Maris, I. C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Medina, A.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Meighen-Berger, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Nagai, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Niederhausen, H.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    O'Sullivan, E.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Pankova, D. , V
    Park, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Pizzuto, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Raissi, A.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rauch, L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Renzi, G.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Robertson, S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Safa, I
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Sarkara, S.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PQ, England.
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schaufel, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Schneider, J.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnber, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Sclafani, S.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Silva, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Snihur, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stein, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stoessl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Taboada, I
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Tomankov, L.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Toennis, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnber, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Turcotte, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Elorrieta, M. A. Unland
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Watson, T. B.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Weldert, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Whitehorn, N.
    UCLA, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Wrede, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnber, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Neutrinos below 100 TeV from the southern sky employing refined veto techniques to IceCube data2020In: Astroparticle physics, ISSN 0927-6505, E-ISSN 1873-2852, Vol. 116, article id 102392Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many Galactic sources of gamma rays, such as supernova remnants, are expected to produce neutrinos with a typical energy cutoff well below 100 TeV. For the IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, the southern sky, containing the inner part of the Galactic plane and the Galactic Center, is a particularly challenging region at these energies, because of the large background of atmospheric muons. In this paper, we present recent advancements in data selection strategies for track-like muon neutrino events with energies below 100 TeV from the southern sky. The strategies utilize the outer detector regions as veto and features of the signal pattern to reduce the background of atmospheric muons to a level which, for the first time, allows IceCube searching for point-like sources of neutrinos in the southern sky at energies between 100 GeV and several TeV in the muon neutrino charged current channel. No significant clustering of neutrinos above background expectation was observed in four years of data recorded with the completed IceCube detector. Upper limits on the neutrino flux for a number of spectral hypotheses are reported for a list of astrophysical objects in the southern hemisphere. 

  • 39.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Auer, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Baccus, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
    Barnet, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Beattie, K.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Becker, K. -H
    Bendfelt, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Bissok, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Boerner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Boeser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bouchta, Adam
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Brayeur, L.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Burreson, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Casier, M.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
    Classen, L.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Day, C.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Descamps, F.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Edwards, W. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Frere, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Glowacki, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Gustafsson, Leif
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Haugen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Heller, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Tokyo 1130032, Japan;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Hulth, P. O.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Inaba, M.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Jacobsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Jones, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Joseph, J.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kappes, A.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kemp, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Kitamura, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Kleinfelder, S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Kleist, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Krasberg, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kruger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Laihem, K.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Landsman, H.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Laundrie, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Phys Sci Lab, Stoughton, WI 53589 USA.
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Leich, H.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Ludwig, J.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mackenzie, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Matis, H.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    McParland, C. P.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Meade, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Minor, R. H.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Murray, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Newcomb, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Patton, S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pettersen, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Roucelle, C.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Sandstrom, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England;Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Schukraft, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Solarz, M.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stoessl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Sulanke, K. -H
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Thollander, L.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Wahl, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Phys Sci Lab, Stoughton, WI 53589 USA.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wharton, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wisniewski, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    The IceCube Neutrino Observatory: instrumentation and online systems2017In: Journal of Instrumentation, ISSN 1748-0221, E-ISSN 1748-0221, Vol. 12, article id P03012Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic-kilometer-scale high-energy neutrino detector built into the ice at the South Pole. Construction of IceCube, the largest neutrino detector built to date, was completed in 2011 and enabled the discovery of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. We describe here the design, production, and calibration of the IceCube digital optical module (DOM), the cable systems, computing hardware, and our methodology for drilling and deployment. We also describe the online triggering and data filtering systems that select candidate neutrino and cosmic ray events for analysis. Due to a rigorous pre-deployment protocol, 98.4% of the DOMs in the deep ice are operating and collecting data. IceCube routinely achieves a detector uptime of 99% by emphasizing software stability and monitoring. Detector operations have been stable since construction was completed, and the detector is expected to operate at least until the end of the next decade.

  • 40.
    Aartsen, M. G.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Becker, K. -H
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Bernhard, A.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA;Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
    Binder, G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Bretz, H. -P
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
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    Westfeil Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Rosendo, E. Del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Holzapfel, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Jurkovic, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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    Westfeil Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kruger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pielothu, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Veenkamp, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Astrophysical neutrinos and cosmic rays observed by IceCube2018In: Advances in Space Research, ISSN 0273-1177, E-ISSN 1879-1948, Vol. 62, no 10, p. 2902-2930Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The core mission of the IceCube neutrino observatory is to study the origin and propagation of cosmic rays. IceCube, with its surface component IceTop, observes multiple signatures to accomplish this mission. Most important are the astrophysical neutrinos that are produced in interactions of cosmic rays, close to their sources and in interstellar space. IceCube is the first instrument that measures the properties of this astrophysical neutrino flux and constrains its origin. In addition, the spectrum, composition, and anisotropy of the local cosmic-ray flux are obtained from measurements of atmospheric muons and showers. Here we provide an overview of recent findings from the analysis of IceCube data, and their implications to our understanding of cosmic rays.

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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
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    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
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    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Foesig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kruger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Penek, Oe.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Raedel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Search for annihilating dark matter in the Sun with 3 years of IceCube data2017In: European Physical Journal C, ISSN 1434-6044, E-ISSN 1434-6052, Vol. 77, no 3, article id 146Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present results from an analysis looking for darkmatter annihilation in the Sun with the IceCube neutrino telescope. Gravitationally trapped dark matter in the Sun's core can annihilate into Standard Model particles making the Sun a source of GeV neutrinos. IceCube is able to detect neutrinos with energies > 100 GeV while its low-energy infill array DeepCore extends this to >10GeV. This analysis uses data gathered in the austral winters between May 2011 and May 2014, corresponding to 532 days of livetime when the Sun, being below the horizon, is a source of up-going neutrino events, easiest to discriminate against the dominant background of atmospheric muons. The sensitivity is a factor of two to four better than previous searches due to additional statistics and improved analysis methods involving better background rejection and reconstructions. The resultant upper limits on the spin-dependent dark matter-proton scattering cross section reach down to 1.46 x 10(-5) pb for a dark matter particle of mass 500GeV annihilating exclusively into tau(+)tau(-) particles. These are currently the most stringent limits on the spin-dependent dark matter-proton scattering cross section for WIMP masses above 50GeV.

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  • 42.
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    et al.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Archinger, M.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K-H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bernhard, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Borner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, E.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Bose, D.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Boser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brayeur, L.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Casier, M.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Rosendo, E. del Pino
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Feintzeig, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fosig, C. -C
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fuchs, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Giang, W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Gladstone, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glauch, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Glusenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hansen, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Hansmann, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Kohnen, G.
    Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Konietz, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kopke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kruckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kruger, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kunnen, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Lennarz, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mandelartz, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    McNally, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Meli, A.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Penek, O.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Quinnan, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Riedel, B.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Sabbatini, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, E.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tesic, G.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Rossem, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vehring, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Voge, M.
    Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Weaver, Ch.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wickmann, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
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    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Zoll, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    The IceCube realtime alert system2017In: Astroparticle physics, ISSN 0927-6505, E-ISSN 1873-2852, Vol. 92, p. 30-41Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although high-energy astrophysical neutrinos were discovered in 2013, their origin is still unknown. Aiming for the identification of an electromagnetic counterpart of a rapidly fading source, we have implemented a realtime analysis framework for the IceCube neutrino observatory. Several analyses selecting neutrinos of astrophysical origin are now operating in realtime at the detector site in Antarctica and are producing alerts for the community to enable rapid follow-up observations. The goal of these observations is to locate the astrophysical objects responsible for these neutrino signals. This paper highlights the infrastructure in place both at the South Pole site and at IceCube facilities in the north that have enabled this fast follow-up program to be implemented. Additionally, this paper presents the first realtime analyses to be activated within this framework, highlights their sensitivities to astrophysical neutrinos and background event rates, and presents an outlook for future discoveries.

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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Brostean-Kaiser, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24,Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada.
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    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Phys Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 70813 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Hoinka, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Huennefeld, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Hussain, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Iovine, N.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Kalaczynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Kappesser, D.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Karl, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
    Koepke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AK 35487 USA.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Krueckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Lazar, J. P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Leonard, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Lohfink, E.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Mariscal, C. J. Lozano
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Lunemann, J.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Maggi, G.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Makino, Y.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Mallot, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Maris, I. C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Medina, A.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Meighen-Berger, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
    Nagai, R.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AK 35487 USA.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Niederhausen, H.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    O'Sullivan, E.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Park, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Pizzuto, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Raissi, A.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rauch, L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Renzi, G.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Robertson, S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Safa, I.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AK 35487 USA.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schaufel, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Schneider, J.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Sclafani, S.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Silva, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Snihur, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stein, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DC 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
    Tomankova, L.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Tonnis, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Turcotte, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Unger, Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Elorrieta, M. A. Unland
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Watson, T. B.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Weldert, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AK 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Wrede, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Measurement of atmospheric tau neutrino appearance with IceCube DeepCore2019In: Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology, ISSN 2470-0010, E-ISSN 2470-0029, Vol. 99, no 3, article id 032007Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a measurement of atmospheric tau neutrino appearance from oscillations with three years of data from the DeepCore subarray of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. This analysis uses atmospheric neutrinos from the full sky with reconstructed energies between 5.6 and 56 GeV to search for a statistical excess of cascadelike neutrino events which are the signature of nu(tau) interactions. For CC thorn NC (CC-only) interactions, we measure the tau neutrino normalization to be 0.73(-0.24)(+0.30) (0.57(-0.30)(+0.36)) and exclude the absence of tau neutrino oscillations at a significance of 3.2 sigma (2.0 sigma) These results are consistent with, and of similar precision to, a confirmatory IceCube analysis also presented, as well as measurements performed by other experiments.

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  • 44.
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    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astronomie, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
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    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, Geneva, Switzerland.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
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    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
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    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
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    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
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    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
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    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
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    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
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    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Pérez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Pizzuto, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
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    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rauch, L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
    Rea, I. C.
    Univ Munich, Phys Dept Tech, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Renzi, G.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Resconi, E.
    Univ Munich, Phys Dept Tech, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Robertson, S.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
    Safa, I.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England.
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Schaufel, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Schneider, J.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Schoneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astronomie, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Sclafani, S.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA.
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stein, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astronomie, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tonnis, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
    Toscano, S.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
    Turcati, A.
    Univ Munich, Phys Dept Tech, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Turcotte, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Elorrieta, M. A. Unland
    Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Wallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Watson, T. B.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Munich, Phys Dept Tech, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woolsey, E.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
    Wrede, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
    Detection of the Temporal Variation of the Sun's Cosmic Ray Shadow with the IceCube Detector2019In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 872, no 2, article id 133Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report on the observation of a deficit in the cosmic ray flux from the directions of the Moon and Sun with five years of data taken by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Between 2010 May and 2011 May the IceCube detector operated with 79 strings deployed in the glacial ice at the South Pole, and with 86 strings between 2011 May and 2015 May. A binned analysis is used to measure the relative deficit and significance of the cosmic ray shadows. Both the cosmic ray Moon and Sun shadows are detected with high statistical significance (>10σ) for each year. The results for the Moon shadow are consistent with previous analyses and verify the stability of the IceCube detector over time. This work represents the first observation of the Sun shadow with the IceCube detector. We show that the cosmic ray shadow of the Sun varies with time. These results make it possible to study cosmic ray transport near the Sun with future data from IceCube.

  • 45. Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Ackermann, M.
    Adams, J.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Ahlers, M.
    Ahrens, M.
    Altmann, D.
    Anderson, T.
    Archinger, M.
    Arguelles, C.
    Arlen, T. C.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Bai, X.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Baum, V.
    Bay, R.
    Baker, M.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Berghaus, P.
    Berley, D.
    Bernardini, E.
    Bernhard, A.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Binder, G.
    Bindig, D.
    Bissok, M.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Blumenthal, J.
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Bos, F.
    Bose, D.
    Boeser, S.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Brayeur, L.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Brown, A. M.
    Buzinsky, N.
    Casey, J.
    Casier, M.
    Cheung, E.
    Chirkin, D.
    Christov, A.
    Christy, B.
    Clark, K.
    Classen, L.
    Clevermann, F.
    Coenders, S.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    Daughhetee, J.
    Davis, J. C.
    Day, M.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    De Clercq, C.
    Dembinski, H.
    De Ridder, S.
    Desiati, P.
    de Vries, K. D.
    de Wasseige, G.
    de With, M.
    DeYoung, T.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Dumm, J. P.
    Dunkman, M.
    Eagan, R.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Eichmann, B.
    Eisch, J.
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Fadiran, O.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Fedynitch, A.
    Feintzeig, J.
    Felde, J.
    Filimonov, K.
    Finley, C.
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Flis, S.
    Frantzen, K.
    Fuchs, T.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Gaior, R.
    Gallagher, J.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Gier, D.
    Gladstone, L.
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Golup, G.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Goodman, J. A.
    Gora, D.
    Grant, D.
    Gretskov, P.
    Groh, J. C.
    Gross, A.
    Ha, C.
    Haack, C.
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Hallen, P.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Hanson, K.
    Hebecker, D.
    Heereman, D.
    Heinen, D.
    Helbing, K.
    Hellauer, R.
    Hellwig, D.
    Hickford, S.
    Hignight, J.
    Hill, G. C.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Homeier, A.
    Hoshina, K.
    Huang, F.
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Hulth, P. O.
    Hultqvist, K.
    In, S.
    Ishihara, A.
    Jacobi, E.
    Jacobsen, J.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Jero, K.
    Jurkovic, M.
    Kaminsky, B.
    Kappes, A.
    Karg, T.
    Karle, A.
    Kauer, M.
    Keivani, A.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Kiryluk, J.
    Klaes, J.
    Klein, S. R.
    Koehne, J. -H
    Kohnen, G.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Koob, A.
    Koepke, L.
    Kopper, C.
    Kopper, S.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Kowalski, M.
    Krings, K.
    Kroll, G.
    Kroll, M.
    Kunnen, J.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Labare, M.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Larsen, D. T.
    Larson, M. J.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    Leuermann, M.
    Luenemann, J.
    Madsen, J.
    Maggi, G.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Maruyama, R.
    Mase, K.
    Matis, H. S.
    Maunu, R.
    McNally, F.
    Meagher, K.
    Medici, M.
    Meli, A.
    Meures, T.
    Miarecki, S.
    Middell, E.
    Middlemas, E.
    Milke, N.
    Miller, J.
    Mohrmann, L.
    Montaruli, T.
    Morse, R.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    Naumann, U.
    Niederhausen, H.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Obertacke, A.
    Olivas, A.
    Omairat, A.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Palczewski, T.
    Paul, L.
    Pepper, J. A.
    de los Heros, C. Perez
    Pfendner, C.
    Pieloth, D.
    Pinat, E.
    Posselt, J.
    Price, P. B.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Puetz, J.
    Quinnan, M.
    Raedel, L.
    Rameez, M.
    Rawlins, K.
    Redl, P.
    Rees, I.
    Reimann, R.
    Relich, M.
    Resconi, E.
    Rhode, W.
    Richman, M.
    Riedel, B.
    Robertson, S.
    Rodrigues, J. P.
    Rongen, M.
    Rott, C.
    Ruhe, T.
    Ruzybayev, B.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Saba, S. M.
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandroos, J.
    Santander, M.
    Sarkar, S.
    Schatto, K.
    Scheriau, F.
    Schmidt, T.
    Schmitz, M.
    Schoenen, S.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Schoenwald, A.
    Schukraft, A.
    Schulte, L.
    Schulz, O.
    Seckel, D.
    Sestayo, Y.
    Seunarine, S.
    Shanidze, R.
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Soldin, D.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Spiering, C.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Stanev, T.
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Stasik, A.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Stoessl, A.
    Strahler, E. A.
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Sutherland, M.
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Tamburro, A.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Terliuk, A.
    Tesic, G.
    Tilav, S.
    Toale, P. A.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Tosi, D.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    Vallecorsa, S.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    van Santen, J.
    Vanheule, S.
    Vehring, M.
    Voge, M.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Walck, C.
    Wallraff, M.
    Weaver, Ch.
    Wellons, M.
    Wendt, C.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Wichary, C.
    Wiebe, K.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Williams, D. R.
    Wissing, H.
    Wolf, M.
    Wood, T. R.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Xu, D. L.
    Xu, X. W.
    Xu, Y.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Yodh, G.
    Yoshida, S.
    Zarzhitsky, P.
    Ziemann, J.
    Zoll, M.
    SEARCHES FOR TIME-DEPENDENT NEUTRINO SOURCES WITH ICECUBE DATA FROM 2008 TO 20122015In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 807, no 1, article id 46Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper searches for flaring astrophysical neutrino sources and sources with periodic emission with the IceCube neutrino telescope are presented. In contrast to time-integrated searches, where steady emission is assumed, the analyses presented here look for a time-dependent signal of neutrinos using the information from the neutrino arrival times to enhance the discovery potential. A search was performed for correlations between neutrino arrival times and directions, as well as neutrino emission following time-dependent light curves, sporadic emission, or periodicities of candidate sources. These include active galactic nuclei, soft gamma-ray repeaters, supernova remnants hosting pulsars, microquasars, and X-ray binaries. The work presented here updates and extends previously published results to a longer period that covers 4 years. of data from 2008 April 5 to 2012 May 16, including the first year of operation of the completed 86 string detector. The analyses did not find any significant time-dependent point sources of neutrinos, and the results were used to set upper limits on the neutrino flux from source candidates.

  • 46. Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Ackermann, M.
    Adams, J.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Ahlers, M.
    Ahrens, M.
    Altmann, D.
    Anderson, T.
    Archinger, M.
    Arguelles, C.
    Arlen, T. C.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Bai, X.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Baum, V.
    Bay, R.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Becker, K. -H
    Beiser, E.
    BenZvi, S.
    Berghaus, P.
    Berley, D.
    Bernardini, E.
    Bernhard, A.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Binder, G.
    Bindig, D.
    Bissok, M.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Blumenthal, J.
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Boerner, M.
    Bos, F.
    Bose, D.
    Boeser, S.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Braun, J.
    Brayeur, L.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Brown, A. M.
    Buzinsky, N.
    Casey, J.
    Casier, M.
    Cheung, E.
    Chirkin, D.
    Christov, A.
    Christy, B.
    Clark, K.
    Classen, L.
    Coenders, S.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    Daughhetee, J.
    Davis, J. C.
    Day, M.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    De Clercq, C.
    Dembinski, H.
    De Ridder, S.
    Desiati, P.
    de Vries, K. D.
    de Wasseige, G.
    de With, M.
    DeYoung, T.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Dumm, J. P.
    Dunkman, M.
    Eagan, R.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Eichmann, T.
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Fadiran, O.
    Fahey, S.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Fedynitch, A.
    Feintzeig, J.
    Felde, J.
    Filimonov, K.
    Finley, C.
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Flis, S.
    Fuchs, T.
    Glagla, M.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Gaior, R.
    Gallagher, J.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Ghorbani, K.
    Gier, D.
    Gladstone, L.
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Golup, G.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Goodman, J. A.
    Gora, D.
    Grant, D.
    Gretskov, P.
    Groh, J. C.
    Gross, A.
    Ha, C.
    Haack, C.
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Hansmann, B.
    Hanson, K.
    Hebecker, D.
    Heereman, D.
    Helbing, K.
    Hellauer, R.
    Hellwig, D.
    Hickford, S.
    Hignight, J.
    Hill, G. C.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Homeier, A.
    Hoshina, K.
    Huang, F.
    Huber, M.
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Hulth, P. O.
    Hultqvist, K.
    In, S.
    Ishihara, A.
    Jacobi, E.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Jero, K.
    Jurkovic, M.
    Kaminsky, B.
    Kappes, A.
    Karg, T.
    Karle, A.
    Kauer, M.
    Keivani, A.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Kemp, J.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Kiryluk, J.
    Klaes, J.
    Klein, S. R.
    Kohnen, G.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Konietz, R.
    Koob, A.
    Koepke, L.
    Kopper, C.
    Kopper, S.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Kowalski, M.
    Krings, K.
    Kroll, G.
    Kroll, M.
    Kunnen, J.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Labare, M.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Larson, M. J.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    Leuermann, M.
    Leuner, J.
    Luenemann, J.
    Madsen, J.
    Maggi, G.
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Maruyama, R.
    Mase, K.
    Matis, H. S.
    Maunu, R.
    McNally, F.
    Meagher, K.
    Medici, M.
    Meli, A.
    Menne, T.
    Merino, G.
    Meures, T.
    Miarecki, S.
    Middell, E.
    Middlemas, E.
    Miller, J.
    Mohrmann, L.
    Montaruli, T.
    Morse, R.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    Naumann, U.
    Niederhausen, H.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Obertacke, A.
    Olivas, A.
    Omairat, A.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Palczewski, T.
    Paul, L.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Perez de los Heros, Carlos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Pieloth, D.
    Pinat, E.
    Posselt, J.
    Price, P. B.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Puetz, J.
    Quinnan, M.
    Raedel, L.
    Rameez, M.
    Rawlins, K.
    Redl, P.
    Reimann, R.
    Relich, M.
    Resconi, E.
    Rhode, W.
    Richman, M.
    Richter, S.
    Riedel, B.
    Robertson, S.
    Rongen, M.
    Rott, C.
    Ruhe, T.
    Ruzybayev, B.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Saba, S. M.
    Sabbatini, L.
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandrock, A.
    Sandroos, J.
    Sarkar, S.
    Schatto, K.
    Scheriau, F.
    Schimp, M.
    Schmidt, T.
    Schmitz, M.
    Schoenen, S.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Schoenwald, A.
    Schukraft, A.
    Schulte, L.
    Schulz, O.
    Seckel, D.
    Sestayo, Y.
    Seunarine, S.
    Shanidze, R.
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Soldin, D.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Spiering, C.
    Stahlberg, M.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Stanev, T.
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Stasik, A.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Stoessl, A.
    Strahler, E. A.
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Sutherland, M.
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Terliuk, A.
    Tesic, G.
    Tilav, S.
    Toale, P. A.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Tosi, D.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    Vallecorsa, S.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    van Santen, J.
    Vanheule, S.
    Vehring, M.
    Voge, M.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Walck, C.
    Wallraff, M.
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Weaver, Ch.
    Wendt, C.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Wichary, C.
    Wiebe, K.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Wille, L.
    Williams, D. R.
    Wissing, H.
    Wolf, M.
    Wood, T. R.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Xu, D. L.
    Xu, X. W.
    Xu, Y.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Yodh, G.
    Yoshida, S.
    Zarzhitsky, P.
    Zoll, M.
    Measurement of the Atmospheric nu(e) Spectrum with IceCube2015In: Physical Review D, ISSN 1550-7998, E-ISSN 1550-2368, Vol. 91, no 12, article id 122004Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a measurement of the atmospheric nu(e) spectrum at energies between 0.1 and 100 TeV using data from the first year of the complete IceCube detector. Atmospheric nu(e) originate mainly from the decays of kaons produced in cosmic-ray air showers. This analysis selects 1078 fully contained events in 332 days of live time, and then identifies those consistent with particle showers. A likelihood analysis with improved event selection extends our previous measurement of the conventional v(e) fluxes to higher energies. The data constrain the conventional nu(e) flux to be 1.3(-0.3)(+0.4) times a baseline prediction from a Honda's calculation, including the knee of the cosmic-ray spectrum. A fit to the kaon contribution (xi) to the neutrino flux finds a kaon component that is xi = 1.3(-0.4)(+0.5) times the baseline value. The fitted/measured prompt neutrino flux from charmed hadron decays strongly depends on the assumed astrophysical flux and shape. If the astrophysical component follows a power law, the result for the prompt flux is 0.0(-0.0)(+3.0) times a calculated flux based on the work by Enberg, Reno, and Sarcevic.

  • 47. Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Ackermann, M.
    Adams, J.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Ahlers, M.
    Ahrens, M.
    Altmann, D.
    Anderson, T.
    Arguelles, C.
    Arlen, T. C.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Bai, X.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Baum, V.
    Bay, R.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Berghaus, P.
    Berley, D.
    Bernardini, E.
    Bernhard, A.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Binder, G.
    Bindig, D.
    Bissok, M.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Blumenthal, J.
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Bos, F.
    Boeser, D.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Brayeur, L.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Brown, A. M.
    Buzinsky, N.
    Casey, J.
    Casier, M.
    Cheung, E.
    Chirkin, D.
    Christov, A.
    Christy, B.
    Clark, K.
    Classen, L.
    Clevermann, F.
    Coenders, S.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    Daughhetee, J.
    Davis, J. C.
    Day, M.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    De Clercq, C.
    Dembinski, H.
    De Ridder, S.
    Desiati, P.
    de Vries, K. D.
    de With, M.
    De Young, T.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Dumm, J. P.
    Dunkman, M.
    Eagan, R.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Eichmann, B.
    Eisch, J.
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Fadiran, O.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Fedynitch, A.
    Feintzeig, J.
    Felde, J.
    Filimonov, K.
    Finley, C.
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Flis, S.
    Frantzen, K.
    Fuchs, T.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Gaior, R.
    Gallagher, J.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Gier, D.
    Gladstone, L.
    Glueenkamp, T.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Golup, G.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Goodman, J. A.
    Gora, D.
    Grant, D.
    Gretskov, P.
    Groh, J. C.
    Gross, A.
    Ha, C.
    Haack, C.
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Hallen, P.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Hanson, K.
    Hebecker, D.
    Heereman, D.
    Heinen, D.
    Helbing, K.
    Hellauer, R.
    Hellwig, D.
    Hickford, S.
    Hill, G. C.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Homeier, A.
    Hoshina, K.
    Huang, F.
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Hulth, P. O.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Ishihara, A.
    Jacobi, E.
    Jacobsen, J.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Jero, K.
    Jurkovic, M.
    Kaminsky, B.
    Kappes, A.
    Karg, T.
    Karle, A.
    Kauer, M.
    Keivani, A.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Kiryluk, J.
    Klaes, J.
    Klein, S. R.
    Kohne, J. -H
    Kohnen, G.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Koob, A.
    Koepke, L.
    Kopper, C.
    Kopper, S.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Kowalski, M.
    Kriesten, A.
    Krings, K.
    Kroll, G.
    Kroll, M.
    Kunnen, J.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Labare, M.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Larsen, D. T.
    Larson, M. J.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    Leuermann, M.
    Luenemann, J.
    Madsen, J.
    Maggi, G.
    Maruyama, R.
    Mase, K.
    Matis, H. S.
    Maunu, R.
    McNally, F.
    Meagher, K.
    Medici, M.
    Meli, A.
    Meures, T.
    Miarecki, S.
    Middell, E.
    Middlemas, E.
    Milke, N.
    Miller, J.
    Mohrmann, L.
    Montaruli, T.
    Morse, R.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    Naumann, U.
    Niederhausen, H.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Obertacke, A.
    Olivas, A.
    Omairat, A.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Palczewski, T.
    Paul, L.
    Penek, O.
    Pepper, J. A.
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Pieloth, D.
    Pinat, E.
    Posselt, J.
    Price, P. B.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Puetz, J.
    Quinnan, M.
    Radel, L.
    Rameez, M.
    Rawlins, K.
    Redl, P.
    Rees, I.
    Reimann, R.
    Relich, M.
    Resconi, E.
    Rhode, W.
    Richman, M.
    Riedel, B.
    Robertson, S.
    Rodrigues, J. P.
    Rongen, M.
    Rott, C.
    Ruhe, T.
    Ruzybayev, B.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Saba, S. M.
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandroos, J.
    Santander, M.
    Sarkar, S.
    Schatto, K.
    Scheriau, F.
    Schmidt, T.
    Schmitz, M.
    Schoenen, S.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Schoenwald, A.
    Schukraft, A.
    Schulte, L.
    Schulz, O.
    Seckel, D.
    Sestayo, Y.
    Seunarine, S.
    Shanidze, R.
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Soldin, D.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Spiering, C.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Stanev, T.
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Stasik, A.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Stoessl, A.
    Strahler, E. A.
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Tamburro, A.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Terliuk, A.
    Tesic, G.
    Tilav, S.
    Toale, P. A.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Tosi, D.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    Vallecorsa, S.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    van Santen, J.
    Vanheule, S.
    Vehring, M.
    Voge, M.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Walck, C.
    Wallraff, M.
    Weaver, Ch.
    Wellons, M.
    Wendt, C.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Wichary, C.
    Wiebe, K.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Williams, D. R.
    Wissing, H.
    Wolf, M.
    Wood, T. R.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Xu, D. L.
    Xu, X. W.
    Xu, Y.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Yodh, G.
    Yoshida, S.
    Zarzhitsky, P.
    Ziemann, J.
    Zoll, M.
    Flavor Ratio of Astrophysical Neutrinos above 35 TeV in IceCube2015In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 114, no 17, article id 171102Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A diffuse flux of astrophysical neutrinos above 100 TeV has been observed at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Here we extend this analysis to probe the astrophysical flux down to 35 TeV and analyze its flavor composition by classifying events as showers or tracks. Taking advantage of lower atmospheric backgrounds for showerlike events, we obtain a shower-biased sample containing 129 showers and 8 tracks collected in three years from 2010 to 2013. We demonstrate consistency with the (f(e) : f(mu) : f(tau))(circle plus) approximate to (1 : 1 : 1)(circle plus) flavor ratio at Earth commonly expected from the averaged oscillations of neutrinos produced by pion decay in distant astrophysical sources. Limits are placed on nonstandard flavor compositions that cannot be produced by averaged neutrino oscillations but could arise in exotic physics scenarios. A maximally tracklike composition of (0 : 1 : 0)(circle plus) is excluded at 3.3 sigma, and a purely showerlike composition of (1 : 0 : 0)(circle plus) is excluded at 2.3 sigma.

  • 48. Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Ackermann, M.
    Adams, J.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Ahlers, M.
    Ahrens, M.
    Altmann, D.
    Anderson, T.
    Arguelles, C.
    Arlen, T. C.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Bai, X.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Baum, V.
    Bay, R.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Berghaus, P.
    Berley, D.
    Bernardini, E.
    Bernhard, A.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Binder, G.
    Bindig, D.
    Bissok, M.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Blumenthal, J.
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Bos, F.
    Bose, D.
    Boeser, S.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Brayeur, L.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Brown, A. M.
    Brunner, J.
    Buzinsky, N.
    Casey, J.
    Casier, M.
    Cheung, E.
    Chirkin, D.
    Christov, A.
    Christy, B.
    Clark, K.
    Classen, L.
    Clevermann, F.
    Coenders, S.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    Daughhetee, J.
    Davis, J. C.
    Day, M.
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    De Clercq, C.
    De Ridder, S.
    Desiati, P.
    de Vries, K. D.
    de With, M.
    De Young, T.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Dunkman, M.
    Eagan, R.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Eichmann, B.
    Eisch, J.
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Fadiran, O.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Fedynitch, A.
    Feintzeig, J.
    Felde, J.
    Feusels, T.
    Filimonov, K.
    Finley, C.
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Flis, S.
    Franckowiak, A.
    Frantzen, K.
    Fuchs, T.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Gaior, R.
    Gallagher, J.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Gier, D.
    Gladstone, L.
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Golup, G.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Goodman, J. A.
    Gora, D.
    Grant, D.
    Gretskov, P.
    Groh, J. C.
    Gross, A.
    Ha, C.
    Haack, C.
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Hallen, P.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Halzen, F.
    Hanson, K.
    Hebecker, D.
    Heereman, D.
    Heinen, D.
    Helbing, K.
    Hellauer, R.
    Hellwig, D.
    Hickford, S.
    Hill, G. C.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Homeier, A.
    Hoshina, K.
    Huang, F.
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Hulth, P. O.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Hussain, S.
    Ishihara, A.
    Jacobi, E.
    Jacobsen, J.
    Jagielski, K.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Jero, K.
    Jlelati, O.
    Jurkovic, M.
    Kaminsky, B.
    Kappes, A.
    Karg, T.
    Karle, A.
    Kauer, M.
    Keivani, A.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Kiryluk, J.
    Klaes, J.
    Klein, S. R.
    Koehne, J. -H
    Kohnen, G.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Koob, A.
    Koepke, L.
    Kopper, C.
    Kopper, S.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Kowalski, M.
    Kriesten, A.
    Krings, K.
    Kroll, G.
    Kroll, M.
    Kunnen, J.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Labare, M.
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Larsen, D. T.
    Larson, M. J.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    Leuermann, M.
    Luenemann, J.
    Madsen, J.
    Maggi, G.
    Maruyama, R.
    Mase, K.
    Matis, H. S.
    Maunu, R.
    McNally, F.
    Meagher, K.
    Medici, M.
    Meli, A.
    Meures, T.
    Miarecki, S.
    Middell, E.
    Middlemas, E.
    Milke, N.
    Miller, J.
    Mohrmann, L.
    Montaruli, T.
    Morse, R.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    Naumann, U.
    Niederhausen, H.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Obertacke, A.
    Odrowski, S.
    Olivas, A.
    Omairat, A.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Palczewski, T.
    Paul, L.
    Penek, Oe.
    Pepper, J. A.
    de los Heros, Carlos Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Pieloth, D.
    Pinat, E.
    Posselt, J.
    Price, P. B.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Puetz, J.
    Quinnan, M.
    Raedel, L.
    Rameez, M.
    Rawlins, K.
    Redl, P.
    Rees, I.
    Reimann, R.
    Relich, M.
    Resconi, E.
    Rhode, W.
    Richman, M.
    Riedel, B.
    Robertson, S.
    Rodrigues, J. P.
    Rongen, M.
    Rott, C.
    Ruhe, T.
    Ruzybayev, B.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Saba, S. M.
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandroos, J.
    Santander, M.
    Sarkar, S.
    Schatto, K.
    Scheriau, F.
    Schmidt, T.
    Schmitz, M.
    Schoenen, S.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Schoenwald, A.
    Schukraft, A.
    Schulte, L.
    Schulz, O.
    Seckel, D.
    Sestayo, Y.
    Seunarine, S.
    Shanidze, R.
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Soldin, D.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Spiering, C.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Stanev, T.
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Stasik, A.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Stoessl, A.
    Strahler, E. A.
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Tamburro, A.
    Tepe, A.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Terliuk, A.
    Tesic, G.
    Tilav, S.
    Toale, P. A.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Tosi, D.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    Vallecorsa, S.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    van Santen, J.
    Vehring, M.
    Voge, M.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Walck, C.
    Wallraff, M.
    Weaver, Ch.
    Wellons, M.
    Wendt, C.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Wichary, C.
    Wiebe, K.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Williams, D. R.
    Wissing, H.
    Wolf, M.
    Wood, T. R.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Xu, D. L.
    Xu, X. W.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Yodh, G.
    Yoshida, S.
    Zarzhitsky, P.
    Ziemann, J.
    Zierke, S.
    Zoll, M.
    Determining neutrino oscillation parameters from atmospheric muon neutrino disappearance with three years of IceCube DeepCore data2015In: Physical Review D, ISSN 1550-7998, E-ISSN 1550-2368, Vol. 91, no 7, article id 072004Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a measurement of neutrino oscillations via atmospheric muon neutrino disappearance with three years of data of the completed IceCube neutrino detector. DeepCore, a region of denser IceCube instrumentation, enables the detection and reconstruction of atmospheric muon neutrinos between 10 and 100 GeV, where a strong disappearance signal is expected. The IceCube detector volume surrounding DeepCore is used as a veto region to suppress the atmospheric muon background. Neutrino events are selected where the detected Cherenkov photons of the secondary particles minimally scatter, and the neutrino energy and arrival direction are reconstructed. Both variables are used to obtain the neutrino oscillation parameters from the data, with the best fit given by Delta m(32)(2) = 2.72(-0.20)(+0.19) x 10(-3) eV(2) and sin(2)theta(23) = 0.53(-0.12)(+0.09) (normal mass ordering assumed). The results are compatible, and comparable in precision, to those of dedicated oscillation experiments.

  • 49. Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Ackermann, M.
    Adams, J.
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Ahlers, M.
    Ahrens, M.
    Altmann, D.
    Anderson, T.
    Arguelles, C.
    Arlen, T. C.
    Auffenberg, J.
    Bai, X.
    Barwick, S. W.
    Baum, V.
    Bay, R.
    Beatty, J. J.
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Berghaus, P.
    Berley, D.
    Bernardini, E.
    Bernhard, A.
    Besson, D. Z.
    Binder, G.
    Bindig, D.
    Bissok, M.
    Blaufuss, E.
    Blumenthal, J.
    Boersma, David J.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Bohm, C.
    Bos, F.
    Bose, D.
    Boeser, S.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Brayeur, L.
    Bretz, H. -P
    Brown, A. M.
    Buzinsky, N.
    Casey, J.
    Casier, M.
    Cheung, E.
    Chirkin, D.
    Christov, A.
    Christy, B.
    Clark, K.
    Classen, L.
    Clevermann, F.
    Coenders, S.
    Cowen, D. F.
    Silva, A. H. Cruz
    Danninger, M.
    Daughhetee, J.
    Davis, J. C.
    Day, M.
    De Andre, J. P. A. M.
    De Clercq, C.
    De Ridder, S.
    Desiati, P.
    De Vries, K. D.
    De With, M.
    DeYoung, T.
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Dunkman, M.
    Eagan, R.
    Eberhardt, B.
    Eichmann, B.
    Eisch, J.
    Euler, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Evenson, P. A.
    Fadiran, O.
    Fazely, A. R.
    Fedynitch, A.
    Feintzeig, J.
    Felde, J.
    Feusels, T.
    Filimonov, K.
    Finley, C.
    Fischer-Wasels, T.
    Flis, S.
    Franckowiak, A.
    Frantzen, K.
    Fuchs, T.
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Gaior, R.
    Gallagher, J.
    Gerhardt, L.
    Gier, D.
    Gladstone, L.
    Gluesenkamp, T.
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Golup, G.
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Goodman, J. A.
    Gora, D.
    Grant, D.
    Gretskov, P.
    Groh, J. C.
    Gross, A.
    Ha, C.
    Haack, C.
    Ismail, A. Haj
    Hallen, P.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Halzen, F.
    Hanson, K.
    Hebecker, D.
    Heereman, D.
    Heinen, D.
    Helbing, K.
    Hellauer, R.
    Hellwig, D.
    Hickford, S.
    Hill, G. C.
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Homeier, A.
    Hoshina, K.
    Huang, F.
    Huelsnitz, W.
    Hulth, P. O.
    Hultqvist, K.
    Hussain, S.
    Ishihara, A.
    Jacobi, E.
    Jacobsen, J.
    Jagielski, K.
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Jero, K.
    Jlelati, O.
    Jurkovic, M.
    Kaminsky, B.
    Kappes, A.
    Karg, T.
    Karle, A.
    Kauer, M.
    Keivani, A.
    Kelley, J. L.
    Kheirandish, A.
    Kiryluk, J.
    Klaes, J.
    Klein, S. R.
    Koehne, J. -H
    Kohnen, G.
    Kolanoski, H.
    Koob, A.
    Koepke, L.
    Kopper, C.
    Kopper, S.
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Kowalski, M.
    Kriesten, A.
    Krings, K.
    Kroll, G.
    Kroll, M.
    Kunnen, J.
    Kurahashi, N.
    Kuwabara, T.
    Labare, M.
    Larsen, D. T.
    Larson, M. J.
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    Leuermann, M.
    Leute, J.
    Luenemann, J.
    Madsen, J.
    Maggi, G.
    Maruyama, R.
    Mase, K.
    Matis, H. S.
    Maunu, R.
    McNally, F.
    Meagher, K.
    Medici, M.
    Meli, A.
    Meures, T.
    Miarecki, S.
    Middell, E.
    Middlemas, E.
    Milke, N.
    Miller, J.
    Mohrmann, L.
    Montaruli, T.
    Morse, R.
    Nahnhauer, R.
    Naumann, U.
    Niederhausen, H.
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Nygren, D. R.
    Obertacke, A.
    Odrowski, S.
    Olivas, A.
    Omairat, A.
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Palczewski, T.
    Paul, L.
    Penek, OE.
    Pepper, J. A.
    Heros, Carlos Perez de los
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Pfendner, C.
    Pieloth, D.
    Pinat, E.
    Posselt, J.
    Price, P. B.
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Puetz, J.
    Quinnan, M.
    Raedel, L.
    Rameez, M.
    Rawlins, K.
    Redl, P.
    Rees, I.
    Reimann, R.
    Relich, M.
    Resconi, E.
    Rhode, W.
    Richman, M.
    Riedel, B.
    Robertson, S.
    Rodrigues, J. P.
    Rongen, M.
    Rott, C.
    Ruhe, T.
    Ruzybayev, B.
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Saba, S. M.
    Sander, H. -G
    Sandroos, J.
    Santander, M.
    Sarkar, S.
    Schatto, K.
    Scheriau, F.
    Schmidt, T.
    Schmitz, M.
    Schoenen, S.
    Schoeneberg, S.
    Schoenwald, A.
    Schukraft, A.
    Schulte, L.
    Schulz, O.
    Seckel, D.
    Sestayo, Y.
    Seunarine, S.
    Shanidze, R.
    Smith, M. W. E.
    Soldin, D.
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Spiering, C.
    Stamatikos, M.
    Stanev, T.
    Stanisha, N. A.
    Stasik, A.
    Stezelberger, T.
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Stoessl, A.
    Strahler, E. A.
    Ström, Rickard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Taavola, Henric
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Taboada, I.
    Tamburro, A.
    Tepe, A.
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Terliuk, A.
    Tesic, G.
    Tilav, S.
    Toale, P. A.
    Tobin, M. N.
    Tosi, D.
    Tselengidou, M.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Usner, M.
    Vallecorsa, S.
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    van Santen, J.
    Vehring, M.
    Voge, M.
    Vraeghe, M.
    Walck, C.
    Wallraff, M.
    Weaver, Ch.
    Wellons, M.
    Wendt, C.
    Westerhoff, S.
    Whelan, B. J.
    Whitehorn, N.
    Wichary, C.
    Wiebe, K.
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Williams, D. R.
    Wissing, H.
    Wolf, M.
    Wood, T. R.
    Woschnagg, K.
    Xu, D. L.
    Xu, X. W.
    Yanez, J. P.
    Yodh, G.
    Yoshida, S.
    Zarzhitsky, P.
    Ziemann, J.
    Zierke, S.
    Zoll, M.
    Atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos above 1 TeV interacting in IceCube2015In: Physical Review D, ISSN 1550-7998, E-ISSN 1550-2368, Vol. 91, no 2, p. 022001-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The IceCube Neutrino Observatory was designed primarily to search for high-energy (TeV-PeV) neutLrinos produced in distant astrophysical objects. A search for. greater than or similar to 100 TeV neutrinos interacting inside the instrumented volume has recently provided evidence for an isotropic flux of such neutrinos. At lower energies, IceCube collects large numbers of neutrinos from the weak decays of mesons in cosmic-ray air showers. Here we present the results of a search for neutrino interactions inside IceCube's instrumented volume between 1 TeV and 1 PeV in 641 days of data taken from 2010-2012, lowering the energy threshold for neutrinos from the southern sky below 10 TeV for the first time, far below the threshold of the previous high-energy analysis. Astrophysical neutrinos remain the dominant component in the southern sky down to a deposited energy of 10 TeV. From these data we derive new constraints on the diffuse astrophysical neutrino spectrum, Phi(v) = 2.06(-0.3)(+0.4) x 10(-18) (E-v = 10(5) GeV)-2.46 +/- 0.12GeV-1 cm(-2) sr(-1) s(-1) for 25 TeV < E-v < 1.4 PeV, as well as the strongest upper limit yet on the flux of neutrinos from charmed-meson decay in the atmosphere, 1.52 times the benchmark theoretical prediction used in previous IceCube results at 90% confidence.

  • 50.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch, New Zealand.
    Botner, Olga
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Burgman, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, FREIA.
    Hallgren, Allan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    O'Sullivan, Erin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    De Los Heros, C. Perez
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Unger, Elisabeth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics.
    Zoecklein, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, Aachen, Germany.
    Follow-up of Astrophysical Transients in Real Time with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory2021In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 910, no 1, article id 4Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In multi-messenger astronomy, rapid investigation of interesting transients is imperative. As an observatory with a 4 pi steradian field of view, and similar to 99% uptime, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a unique facility to follow up transients, as well as to provide valuable insights for other observatories and inform their observational decisions. Since 2016, IceCube has been using low-latency data to rapidly respond to interesting astrophysical events reported by the multi-messenger observational community. Here, we describe the pipeline used to perform these followup analyses, and provide a summary of the 58 analyses performed as of July 2020. We find no significant signal in the first 58 analyses performed. The pipeline has helped inform various electromagnetic observation strategies, and has constrained neutrino emission from potential hadronic cosmic accelerators.

12 1 - 50 of 93
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