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  • 1. Andersson, Gustav
    et al.
    Wennersten, Christoffer
    Gaber, Alexander
    Boman, Karolina
    Nodin, Bjorn
    Uhlen, Mathias
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Jirstrom, Karin
    Reduced expression of ezrin in urothelial bladder cancer signifies more advanced tumours and an impaired survival: validatory study of two independent patient cohorts2014In: BMC Urology, E-ISSN 1471-2490, Vol. 14, p. 36-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Reduced membranous expression of the cytoskeleton-associated protein ezrin has previously been demonstrated to correlate with tumour progression and poor prognosis in patients with T1G3 urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder treated with non-maintenance Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (n = 92), and the associations with adverse clinicopathological factors have been validated in another, unselected, cohort (n = 104). In the present study, we examined the prognostic significance of ezrin expression in urothelial bladder cancer in a total number of 442 tumours from two independent patient cohorts. Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of ezrin was evaluated in tissue microarrays with tumours from one retrospective cohort of bladder cancer (n = 110; cohort I) and one population-based cohort (n = 342; cohort II). Classification regression tree analysis was applied for selection of prognostic cutoff. Kaplan-Meier analysis, log rank test and Cox regression proportional hazards' modeling were used to evaluate the impact of ezrin on 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Ezrin expression could be evaluated in tumours from 100 and 342 cases, respectively. In both cohorts, reduced membranous ezrin expression was significantly associated with more advanced T-stage (p < 0.001), high grade tumours (p < 0.001), female sex (p = 0.040 and p = 0.013), and membranous expression of podocalyxin-like protein (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009). Moreover, reduced ezrin expression was associated with a significantly reduced 5-year OS in both cohorts (HR = 3.09 95% CI 1.71-5.58 and HR = 2.15(1.51-3.06), and with DSS in cohort II (HR = 2.77, 95% CI 1.78-4.31). This association also remained significant in adjusted analysis in Cohort I (HR1.99, 95% CI 1.05-3.77) but not in Cohort II. In pTa and pT1 tumours in cohort II, there was no significant association between ezrin expression and time to progression. Conclusions: The results from this study validate previous findings of reduced membranous ezrin expression in urothelial bladder cancer being associated with unfavourable clinicopathological characteristics and an impaired survival. The utility of ezrin as a prognostic biomarker in transurethral resection specimens merits further investigation.

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  • 2.
    Beukers, Willemien
    et al.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    van der Keur, Kirstin A.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Kandimalla, Raju
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Vergouwe, Yvonne
    Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Steyerberg, Ewout W.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Boormans, Joost L.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Urol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Jensen, Jorgen B.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Lorente, Jose A.
    Hosp del Mar, Serv Urol, Barcelona, Spain..
    Real, Francisco X.
    Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona, Spain.;Spanish Natl Canc Res Centre CNIO, Canc Cell Biol Programme, Epithelial Carcinogenesis Grp, Madrid, Spain..
    Segersten, Ulrike
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Orntoft, Torben F.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Malats, Nuria
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Centre CNIO, Canc Cell Biol Programme, Epithelial Carcinogenesis Grp, Madrid, Spain..
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Zwarthoff, Ellen C.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    FGFR3, TERT and OTX1 as a Urinary Biomarker Combination for Surveillance of Patients with Bladder Cancer in a Large Prospective Multicenter Study2017In: Journal of Urology, ISSN 0022-5347, E-ISSN 1527-3792, Vol. 197, no 6, p. 1410-1418Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer are followed with frequent cystoscopies. In this study FGFR3, TERT and OTX1 were investigated as a diagnostic urinary marker combination during followup of patients with primary nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

    Materials and Methods: In this international, multicenter, prospective study 977 patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer were included. A total of 2,496 urine samples were collected prior to cystoscopy during regular visits. Sensitivity was estimated to detect concomitant recurrences. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate the development of future recurrences after urinalysis and a negative cystoscopy.

    Results: Sensitivity of the assay combination for recurrence detection was 57% in patients with primary low grade, nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. However, sensitivity was 83% for recurrences that were pT1 or muscle invasive bladder cancer. Of the cases 2% progressed to muscle invasive bladder cancer. Sensitivity for recurrence detection in patients with primary high grade disease was 72% and 7% of them had progression to muscle invasive bladder cancer. When no concomitant tumor was found by cystoscopy, positive urine samples were more frequently followed by a recurrence over time compared to a negative urine sample (58% vs 36%, p < 0.001). High stage recurrences were identified within 1 year after a positive urine test and a negative cystoscopy.

    Conclusions: Recurrences in patients with primary nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer can be detected by a combination of urine assays. This study supports the value of urinalysis as an alternative diagnostic tool in patients presenting with low grade tumors and as a means to identify high stage tumors earlier.

  • 3. Boman, K
    et al.
    Larsson, A H
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Kuteeva, E
    Johannesson, H
    Nodin, B
    Eberhard, J
    Uhlén, M
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Jirström, K
    Membranous expression of podocalyxin-like protein is an independent factor of poor prognosis in urothelial bladder cancer2013In: British Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0007-0920, E-ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 108, p. 2321-2328Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Membranous expression of the anti-adhesive glycoprotein podocalyxin-like (PODXL) has previously been found to correlate with poor prognosis in several major cancer forms. Here we examined the prognostic impact of PODXL expression in urothelial bladder cancer.

    Methods:

    Immunohistochemical PODXL expression was examined in tissue microarrays with tumours from two independent cohorts of patients with urothelial bladder cancer: n=100 (Cohort I) and n=343 (Cohort II). The impact of PODXL expression on disease-specific survival (DSS; Cohort II), 5-year overall survival (OS; both cohorts) and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS; Cohort II) was assessed.

    Results:

    Membranous PODXL expression was significantly associated with more advanced tumour (T) stage and high-grade tumours in both cohorts, and a significantly reduced 5-year OS (unadjusted HR=2.25 in Cohort I and 3.10 in Cohort II, adjusted HR=2.05 in Cohort I and 2.18 in Cohort II) and DSS (unadjusted HR=4.36, adjusted HR=2.70). In patients with Ta and T1 tumours, membranous PODXL expression was an independent predictor of a reduced 2-year PFS (unadjusted HR=6.19, adjusted HR=4.60) and DSS (unadjusted HR=8.34, adjusted HR=7.16).

    Conclusion:

    Membranous PODXL expression is an independent risk factor for progressive disease and death in patients with urothelial bladder cancer.

  • 4. Boman, Karolina
    et al.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Ahlgren, Göran
    Eberhard, Jakob
    Uhlén, Mathias
    Jirström, Karin
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Decreased expression of RNA-binding motif protein 3 correlates with tumour progression and poor prognosis in urothelial bladder cancer2013In: BMC Urology, E-ISSN 1471-2490, Vol. 13, p. 17-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Low nuclear expression of the RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) has previously been found to be associated with poor prognosis in several cancer forms e.g. breast, ovarian, colorectal, prostate cancer and malignant melanoma. The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic impact of RBM3 expression in urinary bladder cancer.

    METHODS: Immunohistochemical RBM3 expression was examined in tumours from 343 patients with urothelial bladder cancer. Chi-square and Spearman's correlation tests were applied to explore associations between RBM3 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. The impact of RBM3 expression on disease-specific survival (DSS), 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards modelling.

    RESULTS: Reduced nuclear RBM3 expression was significantly associated with more advanced tumour (T) stage (p <0.001) and high grade tumours (p=0.004). Negative RBM3 expression was associated with a significantly shorter DSS (HR=2.55; 95% CI 1.68-3.86)) and 5-year OS (HR=2.10; 95% CI 1.56-2.82), also in multivariable analysis (HR=1.65; 95% CI 1.07-2.53 for DSS and HR=1.54; 95% CI 1.13-2.10 for 5-year OS). In patients with Ta and T1 tumours expressing reduced RBM3 levels, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significantly shorter PFS (p=0.048) and 5-year OS (p=0.006).

    CONCLUSION: Loss of RBM3 expression is associated with clinically more aggressive tumours and an independent factor of poor prognosis in patients with urothelial bladder cancer and a potentially useful biomarker for treatment stratification and surveillance of disease progression.

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  • 5.
    Botling, Johan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Edlund, Karolina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Tahmasebpoor, Simin
    Engström, Mats
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery.
    Sundström, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Micke, Patrick
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Impact of thawing on RNA integrity and gene expression analysis in fresh frozen tissue2009In: Diagnostic molecular pathology (Print), ISSN 1052-9551, E-ISSN 1533-4066, Vol. 18, no 1, p. 44-52Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Biobanks of fresh, unfixed human tissue represent a valuable source for gene expression analysis in translational research and molecular pathology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of thawing on RNA integrity and gene expression in fresh frozen tissue specimens. Portions of snap frozen tonsil tissue, unfixed or immersed in RNAlater, were thawed at room temperature for 0 minute, 5 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, and 16 hours before RNA extraction. Additionally, tonsil tissue underwent repetitive freezing and thawing cycles. RNA integrity was analyzed by microchip gel electrophoresis and gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for selected genes (FOS, TGFB1, HIF1A, BCL2, and PCNA). Minimal RNA degradation was detected after 30 minutes of thawing in unfixed samples. This degradation was accompanied by relevant changes in gene expression for FOS and BCL2 at 45 minutes. Modified primer design or the use of different housekeeping genes could not rectify the changes for FOS. Repetitive thawing cycles had similar effects on RNA integrity. The incubation of the tissue in RNAlater efficiently prevented RNA degradation. In conclusion, degradation of RNA in frozen tissue occurs first after several minutes of thawing. Already minimal decrease in RNA quality may result in significant changes in gene expression patterns in clinical tissue samples.

  • 6.
    Chan, Owen T. M.
    et al.
    Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Clin & Translat Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Furuya, Hideki
    Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Clin & Translat Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Pagano, Ian
    Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Canc Prevent & Control Program Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Shimizu, Yoshiko
    Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Clin & Translat Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.;Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Hokutan, Kanani
    Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Clin & Translat Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.;Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Jensen, Jorgen Bjerggaard
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Janku, Filip
    Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Invest Canc Therapeut, Houston, TX 77030 USA..
    Rosser, Charles J.
    Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Clin & Translat Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Association of MMP-2, RB and PAI-1 with decreased recurrence-free survival and overall survival in bladder cancer patients2017In: Oncotarget, E-ISSN 1949-2553, Vol. 8, no 59, p. 99707-99721Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: We previously reported an accurate urine-based bladder cancer (BCa)-associated diagnostic signature that can be used to non-invasively detect BCa. In this study, we investigated whether a component of this signature could risk stratify patients with BCa. Methods: Utilizing immunohistochemistry, we investigated angiogenin, MMP-2, p53, RB and PAI-1 expression from 939 patients with BCa. The expression levels were scored by assigning a proportion score and an intensity score to yield a total staining score for each protein. The expressions of each protein individually and as an aggregate were then correlated with progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Differential expressions of these markers were noted in BCa. With multivariate analysis in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) age, tumor grade portended a worse PFS, while age, tumor grade, nodal status, MMP2, RB and PAI-1 expression portended a worse OS. As for multivariate analysis in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), age MMP-2 and RB were associated with a worse PFS, while age, nodal status, MMP-2, RB and PAI-1 were associated with a worse OS. Using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, we noted a significant reduction in OS as more of the five biomarkers were expressed in a tumor. Thus, overall, high expressions of MMP-2, RB and/or PAI-1 in bladder tumors were markers of poor prognosis. Conclusion: Individually, MMP-2, RB and PAI-1, as well as in aggregate correlated with poor survival in patients with BCa. Thus, patients whose bladder tumors express these biomarkers may benefit from early radical treatment and/or neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapies.

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  • 7.
    Correa, P
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Åkerström, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Westin, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1a-hydroxylase and reduced 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase expression in parathyroid tumors—New prospects for treatment of hyperparathyroidism with vitamin D.2002In: J Clin Endocrinol Metab,, Vol. 87, p. 5826-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 8. Correa, Pamela
    et al.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Hellman, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Åkerström, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Westin, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1α-hydroxylase and reduced 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase expression in parathyroid tumors: new prospects for treatment of hyperparathyroidism with vitamin D2002In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, Vol. 87, no 12, p. 5826-5829Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 9. Dyrskjot, L.
    et al.
    Reinert, T.
    Novoradovsky, A.
    Zuiverloon, T. C. M.
    Beukers, W.
    Zwarthoff, E.
    Malats, N.
    Real, F. X.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Knowles, M.
    Hurst, C.
    Sorge, J.
    Borre, M.
    Orntoft, T. F.
    Analysis of molecular intra-patient variation and delineation of a prognostic 12-gene signature in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; technology transfer from microarrays to PCR2012In: British Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0007-0920, E-ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 107, no 8, p. 1392-1398Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Multiple clinical risk factors and genetic profiles have been demonstrated to predict progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; however, no easily clinical applicable gene signature has been developed to predict disease progression independent of disease stage and grade. METHODS: We measured the intra-patient variation of an 88-gene progression signature using 39 metachronous tumours from 17 patients. For delineation of the optimal quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR panel of markers, we used 115 tumour samples from patients in Denmark, Sweden, UK and Spain. RESULTS: Analysis of intra-patient variation of the molecular markers showed 71% similar classification results. A final panel of 12 genes was selected, showing significant correlation with outcome. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, we found that the 12-gene signature was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio = 7.4 (95% confidence interval: 3.4-15.9), P < 0.001) when adjusting for stage, grade and treatment. Independent validation of the 12-gene panel and the determined cut-off values is needed and ongoing. CONCLUSION: Intra-patient marker variation in metachronous tumours is present. Therefore, to increase test sensitivity, it may be necessary to test several metachronous tumours from a patient's disease course. A PCR-based 12-gene signature significantly predicts disease progression in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

  • 10.
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    et al.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Palle Juul Jensens Blvd, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Reinert, Thomas
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Palle Juul Jensens Blvd, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Algaba, Ferran
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Sect Pathol, Fundacio Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain.
    Christensen, Emil
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Palle Juul Jensens Blvd, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Nieboer, Daan
    Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
    Hermann, Gregers G.
    Frederiksberg Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
    Mogensen, Karin
    Frederiksberg Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
    Beukers, Willemien
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
    Marquez, Mirari
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr, Madrid, Spain.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Hoyer, Soren
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Ulhoi, Benedicte P.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Hartmann, Arndt
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Inst Pathol, Erlangen, Germany.
    Stohr, Robert
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Inst Pathol, Erlangen, Germany.
    Wach, Sven
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Dept Urol, Erlangen, Germany.
    Nawroth, Roman
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Urol, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Munich, Germany.
    Schwamborn, Kristina
    Tech Univ Munich, Inst Pathol, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Munich, Germany.
    Tulic, Cane
    Univ Belgrade, Clin Ctr Serbia, Clin Urol, Fac Med, Belgrade, Serbia.
    Simic, Tatjana
    Univ Belgrade, Inst Med & Clin Biochem, Fac Med, Belgrade, Serbia.
    Junker, Kerstin
    Saarland Univ, Dept Urol, Homburg, Germany.
    Harving, Niels
    Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Aalborg, Denmark.
    Petersen, Astrid C.
    Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Aalborg, Denmark.
    Jensen, Jorgen B.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Keck, Bastian
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Dept Urol, Erlangen, Germany.
    Grimm, Marc-Oliver
    Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Dept Urol, Jena, Germany.
    Horstmann, Marcus
    Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Dept Urol, Jena, Germany.
    Maurer, Tobias
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Urol, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Munich, Germany.
    Steyerberg, Ewout W.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
    Zwarthoff, Ellen C.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
    Real, Francisco X.
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr, Madrid, Spain;Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona, Spain.
    Malats, Nuria
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr, Madrid, Spain.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Orntoft, Torben F.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Palle Juul Jensens Blvd, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Prognostic Impact of a 12-gene Progression Score in Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Prospective Multicentre Validation Study2017In: European Urology, ISSN 0302-2838, E-ISSN 1873-7560, Vol. 72, no 3, p. 461-469Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is life-threatening and cannot be accurately predicted using clinical and pathological risk factors. Biomarkers for stratifying patients to treatment and surveillance are greatly needed. Objective: To validate a previously developed 12-gene progression score to predict progression to MIBC in a large, multicentre, prospective study. Design, setting, and participants: We enrolled 1224 patients in ten European centres between 2008 and 2012. A total of 750 patients (851 tumours) fulfilled the inclusion and sample quality criteria for testing. Patients were followed for an average of 28 mo (range 0-76). A 12-gene real-time qualitative polymerase chain reaction assay was performed for all tumours and progression scores were calculated using a predefined formula and cut-off values. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: We measured progression to MIBC using Cox regression analysis and log-rank tests for comparing survival distributions. Results and limitations: The progression score was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with age, stage, grade, carcinoma in situ, bacillus Calmette-Guerin treatment, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer risk score, and disease progression. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients molecularly classified as high risk experienced more frequent disease progression (hazard ratio 5.08, 95% confidence interval 2.2-11.6; p < 0.001). Multivariable Cox regression models showed that the progression score added independent prognostic information beyond clinical and histopathological risk factors (p < 0.001), with an increase in concordance statistic from 0.82 to 0.86. The progression score showed high correlation (R-2 = 0.85) between paired fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour specimens, supporting translation potential in the standard clinical setting. A limitation was the relatively low progression rate (5%, 37/ 750 patients). Conclusions: The 12-gene progression score had independent prognostic power beyond clinical and histopathological risk factors, and may help in stratifying NMIBC patients to optimise treatment and follow-up regimens. Patient summary: Clinical use of a 12-gene molecular test for disease aggressiveness may help in stratifying patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer to optimal treatment regimens.

  • 11.
    Díaz de Ståhl, Teresita
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Molecular genetics of bladder cancer: an update2008In: Minerva Urologica e Nefrologica, ISSN 0393-2249, E-ISSN 1827-1758, Vol. 60, no 4, p. 205-16Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Urinary bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease with tumors ranging from papillary non-invasive to solid muscle infiltrating high grade tumors. There are mainly three problems after initial management: recurrence, progression to higher stage and metastases. The respective risk is well known for each of the stages of the disease but not sufficiently for individual optimal risk assessments. The clinical need is initially to establish the correct risk irrespective of later treatment that is to find prognostic factors. Secondarily it is important to develop predictive factors for each specific therapy. With the advent of array-based molecular profiling it is possible to obtain a more complete picture of the cancer biology and thus hope to improve the prediction of risk. Today the microarray approach is implemented at DNA, RNA and protein level. Reported chromosomal alterations in low-grade papillary tumors are few and the most common are 9q and 9p deletions. Activation of the MAPK pathway through mutations of FGFR3, RAS or PI3K seems to be crucial in the genesis of these low malignant tumors. Muscle infiltrating bladder tumors typically have more genetic aberrations than non-muscle invasive cancers. Key genes are related to the p53 and RB pathways. Gene-expression signatures correlated to stage, CIS, progression and recurrence have been proposed but require further validation.

  • 12. Fristrup, Niels
    et al.
    Birkenkamp-Demtröder, Karin
    Reinert, Thomas
    Sanchez-Carbayo, Marta
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Palou, Joan
    Alvarez-Múgica, Miguel
    Pan, Chin-Chen
    Ulhøi, Benedicte P
    Borre, Michael
    Orntoft, Torben F
    Dyrskjøt, Lars
    Multicenter Validation of Cyclin D1, MCM7, TRIM29, and UBE2C as Prognostic Protein Markers in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer2013In: American Journal of Pathology, ISSN 0002-9440, E-ISSN 1525-2191, Vol. 182, no 2, p. 339-349Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Transcripts from the four genes encoding cyclin D1, MCM7, TRIM29, and UBE2C have previously been included in gene expression signatures for outcome prediction in stage Ta/T1 urothelial carcinomas. We investigated the prognostic value of the protein expressions in Ta/T1 urothelial carcinomas patients. We used four different tissue microarrays (TMAs) with a total of 859 Ta/T1 urothelial carcinomas from Danish, Swedish, Spanish, and Taiwanese patient cohorts with long-term follow-up. Protein expression was measured by IHC, and antibody specificity was validated by Western blotting. We found the expression of cyclin D1, MCM7, TRIM29, and UBE2C to be significantly associated with progression to muscle invasive bladder cancer (log-rank test; P < 0.001) in the Danish training cohort (n = 283). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified cyclin D1 (P = 0.003), TRIM29 (P = 0.001), and UBE2C (P < 0.001) as independent prognostic markers. The prognostic value of the four proteins was validated in a joint validation cohort from Sweden, Spain, and Taiwan (n = 576). Computer-assisted image analysis of the prognostic markers produced results comparable to those obtained by manual scoring. Finally, a four-protein maximum-likelihood classifier was trained on the Danish training cohort and applied to the validation cohort. The four protein markers may help optimize treatment of patients with Ta/T1 bladder cancer. Additional prospective studies are needed for further validation of their clinical relevance.

  • 13. Fristrup, Niels
    et al.
    Ulhoi, Benedicte P.
    Birkenkamp-Demtroder, Karin
    Mansilla, Francisco
    Sanchez-Carbayo, Marta
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Hartmann, Arndt
    Palou, Joan
    Alvarez-Mugica, Miguel
    Zieger, Karsten
    Borre, Michael
    Orntoft, Torben F.
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    Cathepsin E, Maspin, Plk1, and Survivin Are Promising Prognostic Protein Markers for Progression in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer2012In: American Journal of Pathology, ISSN 0002-9440, E-ISSN 1525-2191, Vol. 180, no 5, p. 1824-1834Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Bladder cancer is a common cancer with particularly high recurrence after transurethral resection. In this study, we investigated the prognostic value of the protein expression of cathepsin E, maspin, polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), and survivin in patients with stage Ta and T1 urothelial carcinomas. Transcripts from the four genes encoding these proteins were previously included in gene expression signatures for outcome prediction for Ta/T1 bladder cancer. We used three different tissue microarrays with 693 non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinomas from Danish, Swedish, and Spanish patient cohorts with long-term follow-up. Protein expression was measured by immunohistochemistry, and antibody specificity was validated by Western blotting. In the Danish patient cohort, we found the expression of cathepsin E, maspin, Plk1, and survivin to be significantly associated with progression to stage T2 to T4 bladder cancer (for each marker: log-rank test; P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified cathepsin E (P < 0.001), Plk1 (P = 0.021), maspin (P = 0.001), and survivin (P = 0.001) as independent prognostic markers. Furthermore, maspin, survivin, and cathepsin E expression significantly subgrouped patients already stratified by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer risk scores. Finally, we successfully validated the results in tumors from 410 patients from both Sweden and Spain. We conclude that all four protein markers may have prognostic value in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer for guiding optimal treatment of patients. Additional prospective studies are needed for further validation of the clinical relevance of this marker panel.

  • 14.
    Furuya, Hideki
    et al.
    Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Samuel Oschin Comprehens Canc Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA..
    Sasaki, Yuka
    Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Samuel Oschin Comprehens Canc Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA..
    Chen, Runpu
    SUNY Buffalo, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA..
    Peres, Rafael
    Univ Hawaii, Canc Ctr, Clin & Translat Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA..
    Hokutan, Kanani
    Univ Hawaii, Canc Ctr, Clin & Translat Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.;Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA..
    Murakami, Kaoru
    Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Samuel Oschin Comprehens Canc Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA..
    Kim, Nari
    Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Samuel Oschin Comprehens Canc Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA..
    Chan, Owen T. M.
    Univ Hawaii, Canc Ctr, Clin & Translat Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA..
    Pagano, Ian
    Univ Hawaii, Canc Ctr, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA..
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark.;Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Jensen, Jorgen B.
    Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark.;Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Sun, Yijun
    SUNY Buffalo, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA..
    Arab, Abolfazl
    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA..
    Goodarzi, Hani
    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA..
    Goodison, Steve
    Mayo Clin Florida, Quantitat Hlth Sci, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA..
    Rosser, Charles J.
    Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Samuel Oschin Comprehens Canc Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA..
    PAI-1 is a potential transcriptional silencer that supports bladder cancer cell activity2022In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 12, no 1, article id 12186Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The extracellular activity of Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is well described, acting as an inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator, impacting fibrinolysis. Recent studies have revealed a pro-tumorigenic role of PAI-1 in human cancers, via the regulation of angiogenesis and tumor cell survival. In this study, immunohistochemical staining of 939 human bladder cancer specimens showed that PAI-1 expression levels correlated with tumor grade, tumor stage and overall survival. The typical subcellular localization of PAI-1 is cytoplasmic, but in approximately a quarter of the cases, PAI-1 was observed to be localized to both the tumor cell cytoplasm and the nucleus. To investigate the potential function of nuclear PAI-1 in tumor biology we applied chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing, gene expression profiling, and rapid immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry to a pair of bladder cancer cell lines. ChIP-sequencing revealed that PAI-1 can bind DNA at distal intergenic regions, suggesting a role as a transcriptional coregulator. The downregulation of PAI-1 in bladder cancer cell lines caused the upregulation of numerous genes, and the integration of ChIP-sequence and RNA-sequence data identified 57 candidate genes subject to PAI-1 regulation. Taken together, the data suggest that nuclear PAI-1 can influence gene expression programs and support malignancy.

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  • 15.
    Hedegaard, Jakob
    et al.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Lamy, Philippe
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Nordentoft, Iver
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Algaba, Ferran
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fundacio Puigvert, Sect Pathol, Barcelona 08025, Spain..
    Hoyer, Soren
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Ulhoi, Benedicte Parm
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Vang, Soren
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Reinert, Thomas
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Hermann, Gregers G.
    Frederiksberg Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark..
    Mogensen, Karin
    Frederiksberg Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark..
    Thomsen, Mathilde Borg Houlberg
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Nielsen, Morten Muhlig
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Marquez, Mirari
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Madrid 28029, Spain..
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Aine, Mattias
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Pathol, S-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Hoglund, Mattias
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Pathol, S-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Birkenkamp-Demtroder, Karin
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Fristrup, Niels
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Borre, Michael
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Hartmann, Arndt
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Inst Pathol, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany..
    Stoehr, Robert
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Inst Pathol, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany..
    Wach, Sven
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Dept Urol, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany..
    Keck, Bastian
    Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Dept Urol, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany..
    Seitz, Anna Katharina
    Tech Univ Munich, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Dept Urol, D-81675 Munich, Germany..
    Nawroth, Roman
    Tech Univ Munich, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Dept Urol, D-81675 Munich, Germany..
    Maurer, Tobias
    Tech Univ Munich, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Dept Urol, D-81675 Munich, Germany..
    Tulic, Cane
    Univ Belgrade, Clin Ctr Serbia, Clin Urol, Fac Med, Belgrade 11000, Serbia..
    Simic, Tatjana
    Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Inst Med & Clin Biochem, Belgrade 11000, Serbia..
    Junker, Kerstin
    Univ Saarland, Dept Urol, D-66421 Homburg, Germany..
    Horstmann, Marcus
    Univ Jena, Dept Urol, D-07737 Jena, Germany..
    Harving, Niels
    Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark..
    Petersen, Astrid Christine
    Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark..
    Luz Calle, M.
    Univ Vic, Dept Syst Biol, Barcelona 08500, Spain..
    Steyerberg, Ewout W.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, NL-3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Beukers, Willemien
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, NL-3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    van Kessel, Kim E. M.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, NL-3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Jensen, Jorgen Bjerggaard
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Pedersen, Jakob Skou
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malats, Nuria
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Madrid 28029, Spain..
    Real, Francisco X.
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Madrid 28029, Spain.;Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona 08003, Spain..
    Zwarthoff, Ellen C.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, NL-3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Orntoft, Torben Falck
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Comprehensive Transcriptional Analysis of Early-Stage Urothelial Carcinoma2016In: Cancer Cell, ISSN 1535-6108, E-ISSN 1878-3686, Vol. 30, no 1, p. 27-42Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a heterogeneous disease with widely different outcomes. We performed a comprehensive transcriptional analysis of 460 early-stage urothelial carcinomas and showed that NMIBC can be subgrouped into three major classes with basal-and luminal-like characteristics and different clinical outcomes. Large differences in biological processes such as the cell cycle, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and differentiation were observed. Analysis of transcript variants revealed frequent mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in chromatin organization and cytoskeletal functions. Furthermore, mutations in well-known cancer driver genes (e.g., TP53 and ERBB2) were primarily found in high-risk tumors, together with APOBEC-related mutational signatures. The identification of subclasses in NMIBC may offer better prognostication and treatment selection based on subclass assignment.

  • 16.
    Hemdan, Tammer
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Lindén, Mårten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Bergström Lind, Sara
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Namuduri, Arvind Venkat
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Sjöstedt, Evelina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    de la Torre, Manuel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Gårdmark, Truls
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Asplund, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Stathmin-1 is a promising prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target in urinary bladder cancerManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: The oncoprotein 18/stathmin 1 (STMN1), involved in cell cycle progression and cell migration, has been reported to be expressed in several types of cancer, and is associated with clinical outcome in e.g. breast and liver cancer. The aims in this study were to investigate the clinical significance of STMN1 and to examine if STMN1 might be a possible therapeutic target in urinary bladder cancer.

    Experimental design: Immunohistochemical analyses of STMN1 protein expression were performed in a wide-range tissue microarray (115 Ta-, 115 T1-, 112 T2-4-tumors) and in a metastatic primary tumor/matched metastasis-material (90 patients). In the T24 cell line, the effect of STMN1 on cell proliferation was evaluated by inhibiting the cellular expression of STMN using STMN1-siRNA.

    Results: Patients with T1- or muscle-invasive disease exhibiting high expression of the STMN1 protein had a poorer overall survival (OS) and disease specific survival (DSS). In a multivariate analysis adjusting for stage, age and gender the results were for T2-T4 patients: OS (HR=1.77 95% CI 1.02-3.07; p=0.04) and DSS (HR=2.04 95% CI 1.13-3.68; p=0.02); for T1-4 patients: DSS (HR=1.83 95% CI 1.09-3.08; p=0.02). In the metastatic bladder cancer material, the majority of the patients with one metastasis (69%) and with several matched metastases (70%) were STMN1-positive in both the primary tumor and the matched metastases. Moreover, the ability of the urinary bladder cancer cell line to grow was significantly reduced after 72 hours (p<0.0001) when transfecting the cells with a siRNA targeting STMN1.

    Conclusion: Our results suggest that STMN1 protein-expression has a potential both as a prognostic marker and a novel treatment target in urinary bladder cancer.

  • 17.
    Hemdan, Tammer
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Lindén, Mårten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Lind, Sara
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Namuduri, Arvind
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Sjöstedt, Evelina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    D de Ståhl, T
    Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Asplund, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    The prognostic value and therapeutic target role of stathmin-1 in urinary bladder cancer2014In: British Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0007-0920, E-ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 111, no 6, p. 1180-1187Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background:The oncoprotein-18/stathmin 1 (STMN1), involved in cell progression and migration, is associated with clinical outcome in breast cancer. Here we aim to investigate its clinical significance in urinary bladder cancer and its possibilities as a therapeutic target.Methods:Immunohistochemical analyses of STMN1 protein expression were performed in three patient cohorts: cohort I (n=115 Ta, n=115 T1, n=112 T2-4 stages), cohort II, based on randomised controlled trials (n=239 T1-T4), and cohort III of primary tumour/matched metastasis (n=90 T1-T4). The effects of STMN1 on cell proliferation and migration were evaluated in the urinary bladder cancer cell line, T24, by inhibiting STMN1-cellular expression using siRNA.Results:In cohort I, high STMN1 expression correlated to shorter disease-specific survival hazard ratio (HR)=2.04 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13-3.68; P=0.02), elevated p53- (P<0.001) and Ki67-protein levels (P<0.001). The survival result was validated in cohort II: HR=1.76 (95% CI 1.04-2.99; P=0.03). In the metastatic bladder cancer material, 70% of the patients were STMN1-positive in both the primary tumour and matched metastases. In vitro, the growth and migration of the T24 cells were significantly reduced (P<0.01, P<0.0001, respectively), when transfecting the cells with STMN1-siRNA.Conclusions:STMN1 protein expression has prognostic significance but is primarily a potential treatment target in urinary bladder cancer. 

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  • 18.
    Hemdan, Tammer
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Jahnson, Staffan
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Emmprin Expression Predicts Response and Survival following Cisplatin Containing Chemotherapy for Bladder Cancer: A Validation Study.2015In: Journal of Urology, ISSN 0022-5347, E-ISSN 1527-3792, Vol. 194, no 6, p. 1575-1581Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before cystectomy is recommended. To our knowledge the subset of patients likely to benefit has not been identified. We validate emmprin and survivin as markers of chemotherapy response.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tumor specimens were obtained before therapy from a total of 250 patients with T1-T4 bladder cancer enrolled in 2 randomized trials comparing neoadjuvant chemotherapy before cystectomy with a surgery only arm. Protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry.

    RESULTS: Expression was categorized according to predefined cutoffs reported in the literature. Data were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox models. Patients in the chemotherapy cohort with negative emmprin expression had significantly higher down staging overall survival than those with positive expression (71% vs 38%, p <0.001). The values for cancer specific survival were 76% and 56%, respectively (p <0.027). In the cystectomy only cohort emmprin expression was not associated with overall survival (46% vs 35%, p = 0.23) or cancer specific survival (55% vs 51%, p = 0.64). Emmprin negative patients had an absolute risk reduction of 25% in overall survival (95% CI 11-40) and a number needed to treat of 4 (95% CI 2.5-9.3). Survivin expression was not useful as a biomarker in this study. Limitations were the retrospective design and heterogeneity coupled with the time difference between the trials.

    CONCLUSIONS: Patients with emmprin negative tumors have a better response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy before cystectomy than those with positive expression.

  • 19.
    Hemdan, Tammer
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Turker, Polat
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase-alpha as a possible predictor of survival and response to cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy in urothelial cancer of the bladder2018In: Scandinavian journal of urology, ISSN 2168-1805, E-ISSN 2168-1813, Vol. 52, no 3, p. 200-205Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: The aim of this study was to test choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase-alpha (CCT-alpha) protein as a biomarker for neoadjuvant cisplatin chemotherapy response in a bladder tumor setting. Materials and methods: A total of 238 patients with T2-T4 bladder cancer enrolled into two prior randomized trials comparing neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy (NAC) plus cystectomy with cystectomy only (no-NAC) were used as discovery and validation cohorts. Protein expression was determined with immunohistochemistry and assessed with Histo (H)-scoring. Results: In the discovery cohort, comprising 61 patients, the survival ratio after NAC treatment for CCT-alpha-negative patients was significantly increased (p = 0.001) while there was no survival advantage in the CCT-alpha-positive patient group. Similarly, in the validation cohort with 177 patients, NAC treatment improved survival only in the CCT-alpha-negative group (p = 0.006). Although there was a tendency for a good NAC response with negative CCT-alpha status, the interaction variable between biomarker and treatment was not significant (p = 0.24). In the cystectomy-only group, patients with positive CCT-alpha expression had a better survival than CCT-alpha-negative patients. This prognostic effect of CCT-alpha expression remained significant after adjusting for well-known prognostic factors in a multivariate analysis. In a pooled database of both patient data sets, multivariate analyses showed CCT-alpha status as an independent factor for overall survival (p = 0.018; hazard ratio = 1.80, 95% confidence interval 1.11-2.93). Conclusion: CCT-alpha status was not predictive of outcome of NAC response; however, in the control group with cystectomy only it was found to have prognostic value.

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  • 20.
    Holfeld, Aleš
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Valdés, Alberto
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Bergström Lind, Sara
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Parallel Proteomic Workflow for Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Tissue Samples Preserved by Different Methods2018In: Analytical Chemistry, ISSN 0003-2700, E-ISSN 1520-6882, Vol. 90, no 9, p. 5841-5849Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and optimal cutting temperature (OCT)-embedded and frozen tissue specimens in biobanks are highly valuable in clinical studies but proteomic and post-translational modification (PTM) studies using mass spectrometry (MS) have been limited due to structural arrangement of proteins and contaminations from embedding material. This study aims to develop a parallel proteomic workflow for FFPE and OCT/frozen samples that allows for large-scale, quick, reproducible, qualitative, and quantitative high-resolution MS analysis. The optimized protocol gives details on removal of embedding material, protein extraction, and multienzyme digestion using filter-aided sample preparation method. The method was evaluated by investigating the protein expression levels in nonmuscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer samples in two cohorts and MS spectra were carefully reviewed for contaminations. More than 2000 and 3000 proteins in FFPE and OCT/frozen samples, respectively, were identified, and samples could be clustered in different tumor stages based on their protein expression. Furthermore, more than 250 and 400 phosphopeptides could be identified from specific patient samples of FFPE and OCT/frozen, respectively, using titanium dioxide enrichment. The paper presents unique data describing the similarities and differences observed in FFPE and OCT/frozen samples and shows the feasibility to detect proteins and site-specific phosphorylation even after long-term storage of clinical samples.

  • 21.
    Kerzeli, Iliana Kyriaki
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Kostakis, Alexandros
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Türker, Polat
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Hemdan, Tammer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Mezheyeuski, Artur
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology. Vall dHebron Inst Oncol, Barcelona, Spain.
    Ward, Douglas G.
    Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc & Genom Sci, Coll Med & Dent Sci, Bladder Canc Res Ctr, Birmingham, England.
    Bryan, Richard T.
    Univ Birmingham, Inst Canc & Genom Sci, Coll Med & Dent Sci, Bladder Canc Res Ctr, Birmingham, England.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Lord, Martin
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Mangsbo, Sara
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Elevated levels of MMP12 sourced from macrophages are associated with poor prognosis in urothelial bladder cancer2023In: BMC Cancer, ISSN 1471-2407, E-ISSN 1471-2407, Vol. 23, no 1, article id 605Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Urothelial bladder cancer is most frequently diagnosed at the non-muscle-invasive stage (NMIBC). However, recurrences and interventions for intermediate and high-risk NMIBC patients impact the quality of life. Biomarkers for patient stratification could help to avoid unnecessary interventions whilst indicating aggressive measures when required.

    Methods In this study, immuno-oncology focused, multiplexed proximity extension assays were utilised to analyse plasma (n = 90) and urine (n = 40) samples from 90 newly-diagnosed and treatment-naive bladder cancer patients. Public single-cell RNA-sequencing and microarray data from patient tumour tissues and murine OH-BBN-induced urothelial carcinomas were also explored to further corroborate the proteomic findings.

    Results Plasma from muscle-invasive, urothelial bladder cancer patients displayed higher levels of MMP7 (p = 0.028) and CCL23 (p = 0.03) compared to NMIBC patients, whereas urine displayed higher levels of CD27 (p = 0.044) and CD40 (p = 0.04) in the NMIBC group by two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Random forest survival and multivariable regression analyses identified increased MMP12 plasma levels as an independent marker (p < 0.001) associated with shorter overall survival (HR = 1.8, p < 0.001, 95% CI:1.3-2.5); this finding was validated in an independent patient OLINK cohort, but could not be established using a transcriptomic microarray dataset. Single-cell transcriptomics analyses indicated tumour-infiltrating macrophages as a putative source of MMP12.

    Conclusions The measurable levels of tumour-localised, immune-cell-derived MMP12 in blood suggest MMP12 as an important biomarker that could complement histopathology-based risk stratification.As MMP12 stems from infiltrating immune cells rather than the tumor cells themselves, analyses performed on tissue biopsy material risk a biased selection of biomarkers produced by the tumour, while ignoring the surrounding microenvironment.

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  • 22.
    Kerzeli, Iliana Kyriaki
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Lord, Martin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Doroszko, Milena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Neuro-Oncology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Elgendy, Ramy
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Chourlia, Aikaterini
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Stepanek, Ivan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Larsson, Elinor
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    van Hooren, Luuk
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Nelander, Sven
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Neuro-Oncology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Dragomir, Anca
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical and experimental pathology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Mangsbo, Sara
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences.
    Single-cell RNAseq and longitudinal proteomic analysis of a novel semi-spontaneous urothelial cancer model reveals tumor cell heterogeneity and pretumoral urine protein alterations2021In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 16, no 7, article id e0253178Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Bladder cancer, one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, remains hard to classify due to a staggering molecular complexity. Despite a plethora of diagnostic tools and therapies, it is hard to outline the key steps leading up to the transition from high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Carcinogen-induced murine models can recapitulate urothelial carcinogenesis and natural anti-tumor immunity. Herein, we have developed and profiled a novel model of progressive NMIBC based on 10 weeks of OH-BBN exposure in hepatocyte growth factor/cyclin dependent kinase 4 (R24C) (Hgf-Cdk4(R24C)) mice. The profiling of the model was performed by histology grading, single cell transcriptomic and proteomic analysis, while the derivation of a tumorigenic cell line was validated and used to assess in vivo anti-tumor effects in response to immunotherapy. Established NMIBC was present in females at 10 weeks post OH-BBN exposure while neoplasia was not as advanced in male mice, however all mice progressed to MIBC. Single cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed an intratumoral heterogeneity also described in the human disease trajectory. Moreover, although immune activation biomarkers were elevated in urine during carcinogen exposure, anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD1) monotherapy did not prevent tumor progression. Furthermore, anti-PD1 immunotherapy did not control the growth of subcutaneous tumors formed by the newly derived urothelial cancer cell line. However, treatment with CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) significantly decreased tumor volume, but only in females. In conclusion, the molecular map of this novel preclinical model of bladder cancer provides an opportunity to further investigate pharmacological therapies ahead with regards to both targeted drugs and immunotherapies to improve the strategies of how we should tackle the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment in urothelial bladder cancer to improve responses rates in the clinic.

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  • 23. Lindskrog, S. , V
    et al.
    Prip, F.
    Lamy, P.
    Taber, A.
    Groeneveld, C. S.
    Birkenkamp-Demtroder, K.
    Jensen, J. B.
    Strandgaard, T.
    Nordentoft, I
    Christensen, E.
    Sokac, M.
    Birkbak, N. J.
    Maretty, L.
    Hermann, G. G.
    Petersen, A. C.
    Weyerer, V
    Grimm, M-O
    Horstmann, M.
    Sjodahl, G.
    Hoglund, M.
    Steiniche, T.
    Mogensen, K.
    de Reynies, A.
    Nawroth, R.
    Jordan, B.
    Lin, X.
    Dragicevic, D.
    Ward, D. G.
    Goel, A.
    Hurst, C. D.
    Raman, J. D.
    Warrick, J. , I
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Sikic, D.
    van Kessel, K. E. M.
    Maurer, T.
    Meeks, J. J.
    DeGraff, D. J.
    Bryan, R. T.
    Knowles, M. A.
    Simic, T.
    Hartmann, A.
    Zwarthoff, E. C.
    Malmstrom, P-O
    Malats, N.
    Real, F. X.
    Dyrskjot, L.
    Re: An Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Identifies Prognostic Molecular Subtypes of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Editorial Comment2022In: Journal of Urology, ISSN 0022-5347, E-ISSN 1527-3792, Vol. 207, no 3, p. 733-733Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Lindén, Mårten
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hemdan, Tammer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Ugge, Henrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Bergström Lind, Sara
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    de la Torre, Manuel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Galectin-1, a potential therapeutic target, in primary tumors and metastases of urinary bladder carcinomas2013Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Urinary bladder cancer would gain from new protein biomarkers due to the heterogeneity of disease. The beta-galactoside-binding protein (GAL1) is one such candidate and in present study its prognostic value and expression at protein level in metastatic bladder cancer-disease, have been evaluated. The protein expression of GAL1 was investigated by immunohistochemistry in two tumor cohorts, one with primary tumors of different stage and grade (n=344) and another with primary tumors matched with metastases (n=90). The expression in the actual cancer cells as well as in stroma and blood vessels were considered since the presence of GAL1 in different tissue compartments has shown cancer relevance. The cellular expression increased with increased tumor stage and grade (p<0.001). For the majority of the patients, cells from both primary tumor and metastasis showed a positive immunoreactivity for GAL1 (91% (n=64) for primary tumors with single metastasis (n=70) and 100% (n=20) for primary tumors with multiple metastasis (n=20). Further, strong immunoreactivity in T1 tumor cells correlated with lower risk of recurrence (p<0.05). Both tumors and metastasis exhibited strong stromal-GAL1 staining that could not be correlated with clinical parameters. The expression in vessels showed that T1 tumors surrounded by GAL1 negative blood vessels had a higher risk of progression (p<0.0001) into muscle invasive T2-4 stages. The results show that GAL1 is an important bladder cancer-protein from several aspects. Further, GAL1 is a promising therapeutic target in bladder cancer due to the general expression in advanced disease.

  • 25.
    Lindén, Mårten
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Genomics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Lind, Sara Bergström
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Genomics.
    Mayrhofer, Corina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Wester, Kenneth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Molecular and Morphological Pathology.
    Lyutvinskiy, Yaroslav
    Zubarev, Roman
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Pettersson, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Genomics.
    Proteomic analysis of urinary biomarker candidates for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer2012In: Proteomics, ISSN 1615-9853, E-ISSN 1615-9861, Vol. 12, no 1, p. 135-144Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nonmuscle invasive tumors of the bladder often recur and thereby bladder cancer patients need regular re-examinations which are invasive, unpleasant, and expensive. A noninvasive and less expensive method, e.g. a urine dipstick test, for monitoring recurrence would thus be advantageous. In this study, the complementary techniques mass spectrometry (MS) and Western blotting (WB)/dot blot (DB) were used to screen the urine samples from bladder cancer patients. High resolving MS was used to analyze and quantify the urinary proteome and 29 proteins had a significantly higher abundance (p<0.05) in bladder cancer samples compared with control urine samples. The increased abundance found in urine from bladder cancer patients compared with controls was confirmed with Western blot for four selected proteins; fibrinogen β chain precursor, apolipoprotein E, α-1-antitrypsin, and leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1. Dot blot analysis of an independent urine sample set pointed out fibrinogen β chain and α-1-antitrypsin as most interesting biomarkers having sensitivity and specificity values in the range of 66-85%. Exploring the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) also revealed that bladder cancer tumors are the likely source of these proteins. They have the potential of being useful in diagnosis, monitoring of recurrence and thus may improve the treatment of bladder tumors, especially nonmuscle invasive tumors.

  • 26.
    Lindén, Mårten
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Runeson, Marcus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Molecular and Morphological Pathology.
    Wester, Kenneth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Busch, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Pettersson, Ulf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Genomics.
    Bergström Lind, Sara
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Tumour expression of bladder cancer-associated urinary proteins2013In: BJU International, ISSN 1464-4096, E-ISSN 1464-410X, Vol. 112, no 3, p. 407-415Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?:

    • The current basis for diagnosis and prognosis in urinary bladder cancer is based on the pathologists' assessment of a biopsy of the tumour. Urinary biomarkers are preferable as they can be non-invasively sampled. Urinary cytology is the only test with widespread use but is hampered by poor reproducibility and low sensitivity.
    • By studying the protein expression in bladder tumour tissue samples of proteins previously found in elevated levels in the urine of patients with bladder cancer, we have been able to show that these proteins originate from the tumour. The immunoreactivity of three of the investigated proteins increased with higher stage. Also a serine peptidase inhibitor was found to be predictive of progression from non-muscle-invasive to muscle-invasive tumours.

    OBJECTIVES:

    • To analyse the expression of five bladder cancer-associated urinary proteins and investigate if expression is related to the malignant phenotype of the tumour.
    • To explore the possible prognostic value of these proteins.

    PATIENTS AND METHODS:

    • Urine samples, 16 from patients with bladder cancer and 26 from controls, were used in Western Blotting experiments.
    • Tissue microarrays with bladder tissue from 344 patients diagnosed with bladder cancer between 1984 and 2005 was used in immunohistochemistry experiments.
    • The proteins apolipoprotein E (APOE), fibrinogen β chain precursor (FGB), leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein (LRG1), polymerase (RNA) I polypeptide E (POLR1E), α1-antitrypsin (SERPINA1) and topoisomerase 2A (TOP2A) were probed with antibodies validated by the Human Protein Atlas.

    RESULTS:

    • Increased expressions of APOE, FGB and POLR1E were correlated with increased tumour stage (P < 0.001).
    • Expression of SERPINA1 in Ta and T1 tumours was found to increase the risk of tumour progression (hazard ratio 2.57, 95% confidence interval 1.13-5.87; P = 0.025)

    CONCLUSIONS:

    • All proteins previously detected in urine from patients with bladder cancer were also expressed in bladder cancer tissue.
    • The expression of APOE, FGB and POLR1E increased with stage and they are potential diagnostic markers.
    • SERPINA1 was identified as a prognostic marker candidate.
  • 27.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Hemdan, Tammer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Validation of the ezrin, CK20, and Ki-67 as potential predictive markers for BCG instillation therapy of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer2017In: Urologic Oncology, ISSN 1078-1439, E-ISSN 1873-2496, Vol. 35, no 8, p. 532.e1-532.e6Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The aim of our study was to try to validate 3 promising predictive biomarkers in a database based on prospective trials comparing bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG) with mitomycin-C and a combination of epirubicin and interferon, respectively.

    Background: The most common form of bladder cancer is non-muscle-invasive tumors treated initially with transurethral resection. Unfortunately more than half recur and some also progress. Consequently, an attempt to prevent poor outcome is frequently made by intravesical instillations either by chemo-orimmuno therapy. The response to such treatment is unpredictable, which is why markers predicting outcome would be valuable.

    Patients and methods: Immunohistochemical expression of ezrin, CK20, and Ki-67 was evaluated in a tumort issue micro array based on 2 nordic multicenter trials comparing treatment with BCG vs. other intravesical adjuvant therapies. Kaplan- Meieranalysis, log-ranktest, and Cox regression were used toe valuate the effect of the biomarkers on recurrence-,progression-,and treatment failure- freesurvival.

    Results: Of the 294 available patients immunoreactivity could be assessed in 285 patients for ezrin (97%), 285 patients for CK20 (97%), and 294 patient's forKi- 67 (100%). The 3 biomarkers did not predict time to any of the end points. Multi focality was the only predictive factor for time to recurrence (P=0.029) and progression (P=0.031). Ezrinwas, however, predictive for treatment failure (P=0.029) in a subgroup (BCG treated in one of the trials). In a multivariate analysis among BCG treated, none of the variables correlated to recurrence and only multifocality correlated top rogression. Limitations in our study are the retrospective design and those inherentto immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: The negative results from this validation study question the ability of the tested biomarkers to predict therapy effect.

  • 28.
    Mezheyeuski, Artur
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Backman, Max
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Mattsson, Johanna Sofia Margareta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer Immunotherapy.
    Martin-Bernabe, Alfonso
    Karolinska Inst, Canc Ctr Karolinska, Dept Oncol Pathol, Karolinska Vagen A2 07, S-17164 Solna, Sweden..
    Larsson, Chatarina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Hrynchyk, Ina
    City Clin Pathologoanat Bur, Minsk 220116, BELARUS..
    Hammarström, Klara
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Ström, Simon
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Ekström, Joakim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Mauchanski, Siarhei
    NN Alexandrov Natl Canc Ctr Belarus, Minsk 223040, BELARUS..
    Khelashvili, Salome
    NN Alexandrov Natl Canc Ctr Belarus, Minsk 223040, BELARUS..
    Lindberg, Amanda
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer Immunotherapy.
    Agnarsdóttir, Margrét
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Edqvist, Per-Henrik D
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Huvila, Jutta
    Univ Turku, Dept Pathol, Turku 20500, Finland..
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Botling, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Nodin, Bjoern
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, Barngatan 4, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    Hedner, Charlotta
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, Barngatan 4, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    Borg, David
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, Barngatan 4, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    Brandstedt, Jenny
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, Barngatan 4, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    Sartor, Hanna
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Translat Med, Diagnost Radiol, Carl Bertil Laurells Gata 9, S-20502 Malmö, Sweden..
    Leandersson, Karin
    Lund Univ, Dept Translat Med, Canc Immunol, J Waldenstroms Gata 35, S-21428 Malmö, Sweden..
    Glimelius, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Portyanko, Anna
    NN Alexandrov Natl Canc Ctr Belarus, Minsk 223040, BELARUS..
    Pontén, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    Jirstrom, Karin
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, Barngatan 4, S-22185 Lund, Sweden..
    Micke, Patrick
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer Immunotherapy.
    Sjöblom, Tobias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer precision medicine.
    An immune score reflecting pro- and anti-tumoural balance of tumour microenvironment has major prognostic impact and predicts immunotherapy response in solid cancers2023In: EBioMedicine, E-ISSN 2352-3964, Vol. 88, article id 104452Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Cancer immunity is based on the interaction of a multitude of cells in the spatial context of the tumour tissue. Clinically relevant immune signatures are therefore anticipated to fundamentally improve the accuracy in predicting disease progression.

    Methods: Through a multiplex in situ analysis we evaluated 15 immune cell classes in 1481 tumour samples. Single-cell and bulk RNAseq data sets were used for functional analysis and validation of prognostic and predictive associations.

    Findings: By combining the prognostic information of anti-tumoural CD8+ lymphocytes and tumour supportive CD68+CD163+ macrophages in colorectal cancer we generated a signature of immune activation (SIA). The prognostic impact of SIA was independent of conventional parameters and comparable with the state-of-art immune score. The SIA was also associated with patient survival in oesophageal adenocarcinoma, bladder cancer, lung adenocarcinoma and melanoma, but not in endometrial, ovarian and squamous cell lung carcinoma. We identified CD68+CD163+ macrophages as the major producers of complement C1q, which could serve as a surrogate marker of this macrophage subset. Consequently, the RNA-based version of SIA (ratio of CD8A to C1QA) was predictive for survival in independent RNAseq data sets from these six cancer types. Finally, the CD8A/C1QA mRNA ratio was also predictive for the response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

    Interpretation: Our findings extend current concepts to procure prognostic information from the tumour immune microenvironment and provide an immune activation signature with high clinical potential in common human cancer types.

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  • 29.
    Mezheyeuski, Artur
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Leiss, Lina Wik
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Oncol Pathol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Hatina, Jiri
    Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med Pilsen, Inst Biol, Plzen, Czech Republic..
    Ostman, Arne
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Oncol Pathol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Strell, Carina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology. Karolinska Inst, Dept Oncol Pathol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fibroblasts in urothelial bladder cancer define stroma phenotypes that are associated with clinical outcome2020In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 10, no 1, article id 281Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Little attention was given to the interaction between tumor and stromal cells in urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC). While recent studies point towards the existence of different fibroblast subsets, no comprehensive analyses linking different fibroblast markers to UBC patient survival have been performed so far. Through immunohistochemical analysis of five selected fibroblast markers, namely alpha smooth muscle actin (ASMA), CD90/Thy-1, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), platelet derived growth factor receptor-alpha and -beta (PDGFRa,-b), this study investigates their association with survival and histopathological characteristics in a cohort of 344 UBC patients, involving both, muscle-invasive and non-muscle-invasive cases. The data indicates that combinations of stromal markers are more suited to identify prognostic patient subgroups than single marker analysis. Refined stroma-marker-based patient stratification was achieved through cluster analysis and identified a FAP-dominant patient cluster as independent marker for shorter 5-year-survival (HR(95% CI)2.25(1.08-4.67), p = 0.030). Analyses of interactions between fibroblast and CD8a-status identified a potential minority of cases with CD90-defined stroma and high CD8a infiltration showing a good prognosis of more than 80% 5-year-survival. Presented analyses point towards the existence of different stroma-cell subgroups with distinct tumor-modulatory properties and motivate further studies aiming to better understand the molecular tumor-stroma crosstalk in UBC.

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  • 30.
    Micke, Patrick
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical and experimental pathology.
    Strell, Carina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical and experimental pathology.
    Mattsson, Johanna Sofia Margareta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical and experimental pathology.
    Martin-Bernabe, Alfonso
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Oncol Pathol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Brunnström, Hans
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Pathol, Lund, Sweden.;Dept Genet & Pathol, Div Lab Med, Lund, Sweden..
    Huvila, Jutta
    Univ British Columbia, Dept Pathol, Vancouver, BC, Canada.;Univ Turku, Dept Pathol, Turku, Finland..
    Sund, Malin
    Umeå Univ, Dept Surg & Perioperat Sci Surg, Umeå, Sweden..
    Wärnberg, Fredrik
    Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp Göteborg, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Surg, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Ponten, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical and experimental pathology.
    Glimelius, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology.
    Hrynchyk, Ina
    City Clin Pathologoanat Bur, Minsk, BELARUS..
    Mauchanski, Siarhei
    NN Alexandrov Natl Canc Ctr Belarus, Minsk 223040, BELARUS..
    Khelashvili, Salome
    NN Alexandrov Natl Canc Ctr Belarus, Minsk 223040, BELARUS..
    Garcia-Vicien, Gemma
    Catalan Inst Oncol, Program Canc Therapeut Resistance, IDIBELL,ProCURE, Mol Mech & Expt Therapy Oncol Program ONCOBELL, Barcelona, Spain..
    Mollevi, David G.
    Catalan Inst Oncol, Program Canc Therapeut Resistance, IDIBELL,ProCURE, Mol Mech & Expt Therapy Oncol Program ONCOBELL, Barcelona, Spain..
    Edqvist, Per-Henrik D
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology.
    Reilly, Aine O.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Oncol Pathol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Corvigno, Sara
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology. Karolinska Inst, Dept Oncol Pathol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dahlstrand, Hanna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology. Karolinska Inst, Dept Oncol Pathol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Botling, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical and experimental pathology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Krzyzanowska, Agnieszka
    Lund Univ, Dept Translat Med, Div Urol Canc, Lund, Sweden..
    Bjartell, Anders
    Lund Univ, Dept Translat Med, Div Urol Canc, Lund, Sweden..
    Elebro, Jacob
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Heby, Margareta
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Lundgren, Sebastian
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Hedner, Charlotta
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Borg, David
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Brändstedt, Jenny
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Sartor, Hanna
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Translat Med, Diagnost Radiol, Lund, Sweden..
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Johansson, Martin
    Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp Göteborg, Inst Biomed, Dept Lab Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Nodin, Björn
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Backman, Max
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical and experimental pathology.
    Lindskog, Cecilia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical and experimental pathology.
    Jirström, Karin
    Dept Genet & Pathol, Div Lab Med, Lund, Sweden.;Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Div Oncol & Therapeut Pathol, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden..
    Mezheyeuski, Artur
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Experimental and Clinical Oncology. Uppsala Univ, Dept Immunol Genet & Pathol, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden..
    The prognostic impact of the tumour stroma fraction: A machine learning-based analysis in 16 human solid tumour types2021In: EBioMedicine, E-ISSN 2352-3964, Vol. 65, article id 103269Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The development of a reactive tumour stroma is a hallmark of tumour progression and pronounced tumour stroma is generally considered to be associated with clinical aggressiveness. The variability between tumour types regarding stroma fraction, and its prognosis associations, have not been systematically analysed.

    Methods: Using an objective machine-learning method we quantified the tumour stroma in 16 solid cancer types from 2732 patients, representing retrospective tissue collections of surgically resected primary tumours. Image analysis performed tissue segmentation into stromal and epithelial compartment based on pan-cytokeratin staining and autofluorescence patterns.

    Findings: The stroma fraction was highly variable within and across the tumour types, with kidney cancer showing the lowest and pancreato-biliary type periampullary cancer showing the highest stroma proportion (median 19% and 73% respectively). Adjusted Cox regression models revealed both positive (pancreato-biliary type periampullary cancer and oestrogen negative breast cancer, HR(95%CI)=0.56(0.34-0.92) and HR (95%CI)=0.41(0.17-0.98) respectively) and negative (intestinal type periampullary cancer, HR(95%CI)=3.59 (1.49-8.62)) associations of the tumour stroma fraction with survival.

    Interpretation: Our study provides an objective quantification of the tumour stroma fraction across major types of solid cancer. Findings strongly argue against the commonly promoted view of a general associations between high stroma abundance and poor prognosis. The results also suggest that full exploitation of the prognostic potential of tumour stroma requires analyses that go beyond determination of stroma abundance.

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  • 31.
    Nord, Helena
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Sandgren, Johanna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Wester, Kenneth
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Busch, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Menzel, Uwe
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Komorowski, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Linnaeus Centre for Bioinformatics.
    Dumanski, Jan P.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    de Ståhl, Teresita Díaz
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Focal amplifications are associated with high grade and recurrences in stage Ta bladder carcinoma2010In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 126, no 6, p. 1390-1402Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Urinary bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease with tumors ranging from papillary noninvasive (stage Ta) to solid muscle infiltrating tumors (stage T2+). The risk of progression and death for the most frequent diagnosed type, Ta, is low, but the high incidence of recurrences has a significant effect on the patients' quality of life and poses substantial costs for health care systems. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to search for predictive factors of recurrence on the basis of genetic profiling. A clinically well characterized cohort of Ta bladder carcinomas, selected by the presence or absence of recurrences, was evaluated by an integrated analysis of DNA copy number changes and gene expression (clone-based 32K, respectively, U133Plus2.0 arrays). Only a few chromosomal aberrations have previously been defined in superficial bladder cancer. Surprisingly, the profiling of Ta tumors with a high-resolution array showed that DNA copy alterations are relatively common in this tumor type. Furthermore, we observed an overrepresentation of focal amplifications within high-grade and recurrent cases. Known (FGFR3, CCND1, MYC, MDM2) and novel candidate genes were identified within the loci. For example, MYBL2, a nuclear transcription factor involved in cell-cycle progression; YWHAB, an antiapoptotic protein; and SDC4, an important component of focal adhesions represent interesting candidates detected within two amplicons on chromosome 20, for which DNA amplification correlated with transcript up-regulation. The observed overrepresentation of amplicons within high-grade and recurrent cases may be clinically useful for the identification of patients who will benefit from a more aggressive therapy.

  • 32.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Björklund, Peyman
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hellman, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Åkerström, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Westin, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Potentiating effects of non-active/active vitamin D analogues and ketoconazole in parathyroid cells2007In: Clinical Endocrinology, ISSN 0300-0664, E-ISSN 1365-2265, Vol. 66, no 3, p. 399-404Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and objective: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3, calcitriol], and its less calcaemic synthetic analogues have therapeutic potential in several diseases, including hyperparathyroidism (HPT). We have suggested that non-1α-hydroxylated (nonactive) vitamin D analogues may present an alternative in tumour cells expressing 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1α-hydroxylase (1α-hydroxylase). The aim of this study was to investigate biological effects of a non-1α-hydroxylated vitamin D analogue in normal and tumour parathyroid cells. Patients and methods: Effects of vitamin D analogues and ketoconazole on parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion (radioimmunoassay) and PTH mRNA expression (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) were studied in primary bovine parathyroid cells. Proliferation of tumour cells isolated from HPT patients was determined by thymidine incorporation Results: EB1285, non-1α-hydroxylated precursor of the vitamin D analogue EB1089, suppressed PTH secretion and PTH mRNA level as well as increased expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase (24-hydroxylase) in bovine parathyroid cells. EB1285 also inhibited cell proliferation of parathyroid tumour cells from primary (pHPT) and secondary HPT (sHPT) patients. Combined treatment with the cytochrome P450-dependent enzyme inhibitor ketoconazole and EB1285 or with active vitamin D compounds potentiated the suppressive effect on PTH secretion from bovine parathyroid cells. Ketaconazole alone displayed PTH suppression and increased 24-hydroxylase expression. Conclusion: The results support the idea that a non-1α-hydroxylated vitamin D analogue may elicit vitamin D receptor (VDR) effects in 1α-hydroxylase expressing parathyroid tumour cells. Further studies are warranted to elucidate whether precursor vitamin D analogues as well as inhibitors of 24-hydroxylase present therapeutic alternatives in patients suffering from HPT.

  • 33.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Correa, Pamela
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hewison, M
    Hellman, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Dralle, Henning
    Carling, Tobias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Åkerström, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Westin, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)-1alpha-hydroxylase expression in normal and pathological paratahyroid glands2002In: J Clin Endocrinol Metab, Vol. 87, p. 2967-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 34.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hellman, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Åkerström, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Westin, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Potentiating inhibitory effects of the non-1α-hydroxylated precursor vitamin D analogue of EB1089 (EB1285) and ketoconazole in parathyroid cellsArticle in journal (Refereed)
  • 35.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Kaae Holm, Pernille
    Binderup, Lise
    Åkerström, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Hellman, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Westin, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Vitamin D3 polyunsaturated side-chain analogues (EB1089, GS1590) and the 20-epi-vitamin D3 analogue CB1393 suppress parathyroid hormone secretion and mRNA level in bovine parathyroid cells2004In: Journal of Steroid Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, ISSN 0960-0760, Vol. 88, no 3, p. 289-294Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 36.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Kaae Holm, Pernille
    Björklund, Peyman
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Hessman, Ola
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Nordgren, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Binderup, Lise
    Åkerström, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Hellman, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    Westin, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Endocrine Surgery.
    25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase expression in breast cancer and use of non-hydroxylated vitamin D analogue2005In: Breast Cancer Research, ISSN 1465-5411, E-ISSN 1465-542X, Vol. 7, p. R980-R986Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION:

    The cytochrome P450 mitochondrial enzyme 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase (1alpha-hydroxylase) of renal tubule cells hydroxylates the major circulating form of vitamin D (25(OH)D3) to the active systemic hormone 1,25(OH)2D3. Local production of 1,25(OH)2D3 appears to occur also at other sites where 1alpha-hydroxylase is expressed for autocrine/paracrine regulation. To reduce risks of hypercalcemia during treatment with vitamin D, we have previously suggested use of non-1alpha-hydroxylated vitamin D analogues to target tissues where 1alpha-hydroxylase is expressed, including the parathyroid glands in secondary hyperparathyroidism. The present study was undertaken to examine expression of 1alpha-hydroxylase in breast cancer and to investigate whether a non-1alpha-hydroxylated vitamin D analogue displayed biological function. In addition, expression of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase (24-hydroxylase) and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) was investigated.

    METHODS:

    The expression of 1alpha-hydroxylase, 24-hydroxylase and VDR was investigated in breast cancer specimens (n = 19) and normal breast tissues (n = 10) by immunohistochemistry and/or RT-PCR. Consecutive cryosections of 6 mum essentially free of immune cells were used in the analyses. The effect of vitamin D analogues on transcriptional activation was analyzed in transiently transfected MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

    RESULTS:

    1alpha-hydroxylase protein was demonstrated in 79% and 100% of breast cancer specimens and normal breast, respectively. The overall relative mRNA levels of 1alpha-hydroxylase and 24-hydroxylase in normal breast compared to breast tumors were: 1alpha-hydroxylase, 1 +/- 0.07 versus 0.7 +/- 0.05, respectively (p < 0.001); 24-hydroxylase, 1 +/- 0.08 verus 2.1 +/- 0.2, respectively (p < 0.001). The VDR was expressed in 95% of the tumors as expected, with mRNA levels of 1 +/- 0.09 and 1.4 +/- 0.12 (p < 0.05) in breast cancer and normal breast, respectively. The ketoconazole-sensitive transcription activation potential of the non-1alpha-hydroxylated vitamin D analogue prodrug of EB1089 (EB1285) was demonstrated in MCF-7 cells, which express 1alpha-hydroxylase. The activity of EB1285 was about 20% of 1,25(OH)2D3.

    CONCLUSION:

    These results demonstrate nearly normal expression levels of 1alpha-hydroxylase, 24-hydroxylase and VDR in the majority of investigated breast cancer specimens. A non-1alpha-hydroxylated vitamin D analogue displayed activity in breast cancer cells. Such analogues may present future therapeutic options for proliferative disorders where 1alpha-hydroxylase is expressed.

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  • 37.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Spector, Yael
    Goren, Yaron
    Tabak, Sarit
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    The role of microRNA profiling in prognosticating progression in Ta and T1 urinary bladder cancer2014In: Urologic Oncology, ISSN 1078-1439, E-ISSN 1873-2496, Vol. 32, no 5, p. 613-618Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To analyze microRNA profile in Ta and T1 urinary bladder cancers in combination and separately and to relate this to the risk of later developing higher-stage disease. Materials and methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of 44 Ta and 42 T1 bladder cancers representing cases with and without stage progression during follow-up were collected and microRNA expression levels were measured by microarray analysis. Results: In a comparison between the progressors and controls, in the Ta/T1 group, miR-10a-5p and miR-31-5p were differentially expressed. miR-10a-5p was also correlated to time to progression (P = 0.00012). In the subgroup analysis, 3 microRNAs, miR-10a-5p, miR-31-5p, and miR-130a-3p, were differentially expressed among Ta tumors and had a fold change of more than 1.5 (P < 0.038). The comparison concerning microRNA expression between the progressors and controls in category T1 cancers revealed no significant differences. Conclusions: Profiling revealed that certain microRNAs predicted the risk of developing higher-stage disease among patients with Ta cancers. Lower miR-10a-5p expression in Ta progressing tumors indicates that this microRNA could be important for later malignant potential among this group of patients. 

  • 38.
    Turker, Polat
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Hemdan, Tammer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Is Bcl-2 a predictive marker of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in patients with urothelial bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy?2019In: Scandinavian journal of urology, ISSN 2168-1805, E-ISSN 2168-1813, Vol. 53, no 1, p. 45-50Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Response to neoadjuvant cisplatin treatment in bladder cancer has been linked to expression of Bcl-2 protein by cancer cells. The objective of this study was to test Bcl-2 as a predictive marker of neoadjuvant cisplatin chemotherapy response in a patient cohort from randomized cystectomy trials.Methods: Tumor samples were taken from 247 patients with T2-T4 bladder cancer enrolled in two randomized trials comparing cystectomy with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Tissue microarrays from pre-intervention transurethral resection specimens were assessed for Bcl-2 protein status by immunohistochemistry. Extension of staining above 10% was regarded as positive. Downstaging and survival ratios in relation to Bcl-2 immunoreactivity and neoadjuvant chemotherapy utilization were calculated using the log rank test and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses.Results: Bcl-2 expression was positive in 38% and negative in 62% of the 236 evaluable patients. Bcl-2 negative patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a significant increase in survival (p=0.009), while Bcl-2 positive patients showed no difference (p=0.4). However, the interaction variable between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and biomarker status was not significant (p=0.38). When the prognostic value was assessed in the no-chemotherapy group, 5-year overall survival times were significantly better among Bcl-2 positive patients than among Bcl-2 negative patients (42 months vs 33 months, p=0.04), but again Bcl-2 status did not remain independent when other factors were adjusted. Also, in a multivariate analysis with all patients, Bcl-2 was not significant.Conclusions: Bcl-2 status is not an independent predictor of neoadjuvant cisplatin chemotherapy response and is not prognostic in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

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  • 39.
    Turker, Polat
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Wernroth, Mona-Lisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular epidemiology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Uppsala Clinical Research Center (UCR).
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Hemdan, Tammer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Combination of biomarkers for neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy before cystectomy in patients with urinary bladder cancer2021In: Translational Research: The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, ISSN 1931-5244, E-ISSN 1878-1810, Vol. 235, p. 77-84Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Clinical utility of cisplatin based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to radical cystectomy is limited because of lack of tools that can guide for a better patient selection. We aim to explore if a combination of biomarkers is superior to a single marker. Pretreatment tumor specimens and clinical data from two randomized trials including 250 patients with T2-T4 urothelial bladder cancer, were used. The information on the expressions on tumor tissue of four biomarkers; CCTa, emmprin, survivin, and BCL-2, detected by immunohistochemistry in our previous studies, was used. Cox proportional hazard models, including treatment-by-biomarker interaction terms, were used to assess the predictive value of the biomarkers for efficacy of NAC on overall survival. CCTa provided predictive information about the efficacy of NAC (interaction P=0.009). None of the other biomarkers provided statistically significant information additional to CCTa. The adjusted hazard ratio for NAC treated versus no-NAC was 0.42 (95% CI: 0.27-0.64) for patients with negative CCTa expression, when adding information about emmprin it decreased to 0.33 (95% CI: 0.19-0.56) for patients with both negative CCTa and emmprin. This corresponds to a decrease in number needed to treat from 4 to 3 patients. The combination of CCTa with survivin or BCL-2 yielded similar results. In a group of patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer a combination of two biomarkers might improve the possibility to identify patients most likely to benefit from the use of NAC. Further studies designed to have sufficient power to detect an interaction effect are needed.

  • 40.
    Valdés, Alberto
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry. CSIC, Lab Food, Inst Food Sci Res, CIAL, Nicolas Cabrera 9, Madrid 28049, Spain.
    Bitzios, Athanasios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Kassa, Eszter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Shevchenko, Ganna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Falk, Alexander
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Dragomir, Anca
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical and experimental pathology.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Bergström Lind, Sara
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry.
    Proteomic comparison between different tissue preservation methods for identification of promising biomarkers of urothelial bladder cancer2021In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 11, no 1, article id 7595Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Samples in biobanks are generally preserved by formalin-fixation and paraffin-embedding (FFPE) and/or optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT)-embedding and subsequently frozen. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based analysis of these samples is now available via developed protocols, however, the differences in results with respect to preservation methods needs further investigation. Here we use bladder urothelial carcinoma tissue of two different tumor stages (Ta/T1-non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and T2/T3-muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC)) which, upon sampling, were divided and preserved by FFPE and OCT. Samples were parallel processed from the two methods and proteins were analyzed with label-free quantitative MS. Over 700 and 1200 proteins were quantified in FFPE and OCT samples, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicates that the preservation method is the main source of variation, but also tumors of different stages could be differentiated. Proteins involved in mitochondrial function were overrepresented in OCT data but missing in the FFPE data, indicating that these proteins are not well preserved by FFPE. Concordant results for proteins such as HMGCS2 (uniquely quantified in Ta/T1 tumors), and LGALS1, ANXA5 and plastin (upregulated in T2/T3 tumors) were observed in both FFPE and OCT data, which supports the use of MS technology for biobank samples and encourages the further evaluation of these proteins as biomarkers.

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  • 41.
    van Kessel, Kim E. M.
    et al.
    Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Beukers, Willemien
    Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Lurkin, Irene
    Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    van der Keur, Kirstin A.
    Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Orntoft, Torben F.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark..
    Malats, Nuria
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Madrid, Spain..
    Malmstrom, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Real, Francisco X.
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Madrid, Spain..
    Bangma, Chris H.
    Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Zwarthoff, Ellen C.
    Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    A urine based assay to select patients for initial cystoscopy2015In: Cancer Research, ISSN 0008-5472, E-ISSN 1538-7445, Vol. 75, no S15Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 42.
    van Kessel, Kim E. M.
    et al.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Beukers, Willemien
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Lurkin, Irene
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Ziel-van der Made, Angelique
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    van der Keur, Kirstin A.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Boormans, Joost L.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Urol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Marquez, Mirari
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Grp, Madrid, Spain..
    Orntoft, Torben F.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Real, Francisco X.
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr, Epithelial Carcinogenesis Grp, Madrid, Spain.;Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Expt & Hlth Sci, Barcelona, Spain..
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malats, Nuria
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Grp, Madrid, Spain..
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Van Criekinge, Wim
    MDxHealth Inc, Irvine, CA USA.;Univ Ghent, Lab Bioinformat & Computat Genom, Ghent, Belgium..
    Zwarthoff, Ellen C.
    Erasmus MC, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Validation of a DNA Methylation-Mutation Urine Assay to Select Patients with Hematuria for Cystoscopy2017In: Journal of Urology, ISSN 0022-5347, E-ISSN 1527-3792, Vol. 197, no 3, p. 590-595Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Only 3% to 28% of patients referred to the urology clinic for hematuria are diagnosed with bladder cancer. Cystoscopy leads to high diagnostic costs and a high patient burden. Therefore, to improve the selection of patients for cystoscopy and reduce costs and over testing we aimed to validate a recently developed diagnostic urine assay.

    Materials and Methods: Included in study were 200 patients from a total of 3 European countries who underwent cystoscopy for hematuria, including 97 with bladder cancer and 103 with nonmalignant findings. Voided urine samples were collected prior to cystoscopy. DNA was extracted and analyzed for mutations in FGFR3, TERT and HRAS, and methylation of OTX1, ONECUT2 and TWIST1. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between predictor variables and bladder cancer.

    Results: Combining the methylation and mutation markers with age led to an AUC of 0.96 (95% CI 0.92e0.99) with 93% sensitivity and 86% specificity, and an optimism corrected AUC of 0.95. The AUC was higher for T1 or greater tumors compared to Ta tumors (0.99 vs 0.93). The AUC was also higher for high grade tumors compared to low grade tumors (1.00 vs 0.93). Overall negative predictive value was 99% based on the 5% to 10% prevalence of bladder cancer in patients with hematuria. This would lead to a 77% reduction in diagnostic cystoscopy.

    Conclusions: Analyzing hematuria patients for the risk of bladder cancer using novel molecular markers may lead to a reduction in diagnostic cystoscopy. Combining methylation analysis (OTX1, ONECUT2 and TWIST1) with mutation analysis (FGFR3, TERT and HRAS) and patient age resulted in a validated accurate prediction model.

  • 43.
    van Kessel, Kim E. M.
    et al.
    Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.;Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC Canc Inst, Dept Urol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    van der Keur, Kirstin A.
    Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Algaba, Ferran
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fundacio Puigvert, Sect Pathol, Barcelona, Spain..
    Welvaart, Naeromy Y. C.
    Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Beukers, Willemien
    Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Keck, Bastian
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Dept Urol, Erlangen, Germany..
    Maurer, Tobias
    Tech Univ Munich, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Dept Urol, Munich, Germany..
    Simic, Tatjana
    Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Inst Med & Clin Biochem, Belgrade, Serbia..
    Horstmann, Marcus
    Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Dept Urol, Jena, Germany..
    Grimm, Marc-Oliver
    Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Dept Urol, Jena, Germany..
    Hermann, Gregers G.
    Univ Copenhagen, Herlev & Gentofte Hosp, Dept Urol, Hellerup, Denmark..
    Mogensen, Karin
    Univ Copenhagen, Herlev & Gentofte Hosp, Dept Urol, Hellerup, Denmark..
    Hartmann, Arndt
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Inst Pathol, Erlangen, Germany..
    Harving, Niels
    Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Aalborg, Denmark..
    Petersen, Astrid C.
    Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Aalborg, Denmark..
    Jensen, Jorgen B.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Junker, Kerstin
    Saarland Univ, Dept Urol, Homburg, Germany..
    Boormans, Joost L.
    Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC Canc Inst, Dept Urol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Real, Francisco X.
    CIBERONC, Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Epithelial Carcinogenesis Grp, Madrid, Spain.;Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Expt & Hlth Sci, Barcelona, Spain..
    Malats, Nuria
    CIBERONC, Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Grp, Madrid, Spain..
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Orntoft, Torben F.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus, Denmark..
    Zwarthoff, Ellen C.
    Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Molecular Markers Increase Precision of the European Association of Urology Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Progression Risk Groups2018In: Clinical Cancer Research, ISSN 1078-0432, E-ISSN 1557-3265, Vol. 24, no 7, p. 1586-1593Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recommend risk stratification based on clinicopathologic parameters. Our aim was to investigate the added value of biomarkers to improve risk stratification of NMIBC. Experimental Design: We prospectively included 1,239 patients in follow-up for NMIBC in six European countries. Fresh-frozen tumor samples were analyzed for GATA2, TBX2, TBX3, and ZIC4 methylation and FGFR3, TERT, PIK3CA, and RAS mutation status. Cox regression analyses identified markers that were significantly associated with progression to muscle-invasive disease. The progression incidence rate (PIR = rate of progression per 100 patient-years) was calculated for subgroups. Results: In our cohort, 276 patients had a low, 273 an intermediate, and 555 a high risk of tumor progression based on the EAU NMIBC guideline. Fifty-seven patients (4.6%) progressed to muscle-invasive disease. The limited number of progressors in this large cohort compared with older studies is likely due to improved treatment in the past two decades. Overall, wild-type FGFR3 and methylation of GATA2 and TBX3 were significantly associated with progression (HR = 0.34, 2.53, and 2.64, respectively). The PIR for EAU high-risk patients was 4.25. On the basis of FGFR3 mutation status and methylation of GATA2, this cohort could be reclassified into a good class (PIR = 0.86, 26.2% of patients), a moderate class (PIR = 4.32, 49.7%), and a poor class (PIR = 7.66, 24.0%). Conclusions: We conclude that the addition of selected biomarkers to the EAU risk stratification increases its accuracy and identifies a subset of NMIBC patients with a very high risk of progression. (C) 2018 AACR.

  • 44. Vedder, Moniek M.
    et al.
    Marquez, Mirari
    de Bekker-Grob, Esther W.
    Calle, Malu L.
    Dyrskjot, Lars
    Kogevinas, Manoils
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Algaba, Ferran
    Beukers, Willemien
    Orntoft, Torben F.
    Zwarthoff, Ellen
    Real, Francisco X.
    Malats, Nuria
    Steyerberg, Ewout W.
    Risk Prediction Scores for Recurrence and Progression of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: An International Validation in Primary Tumours2014In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 9, no 6, p. e96849-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: We aimed to determine the validity of two risk scores for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in different European settings, in patients with primary tumours. Methods: We included 1,892 patients with primary stage Ta or T1 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer who underwent a transurethral resection in Spain (n = 973), the Netherlands (n = 639), or Denmark (n = 280). We evaluated recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival according to the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and the Spanish Urological Club for Oncological Treatment (CUETO) risk scores for each patient and used the concordance index (c-index) to indicate discriminative ability. Results: The 3 cohorts were comparable according to age and sex, but patients from Denmark had a larger proportion of patients with the high stage and grade at diagnosis (p < 0.01). At least one recurrence occurred in 839 (44%) patients and 258 (14%) patients had a progression during a median follow-up of 74 months. Patients from Denmark had the highest 10-year recurrence and progression rates (75% and 24%, respectively), whereas patients from Spain had the lowest rates (34% and 10%, respectively). The EORTC and CUETO risk scores both predicted progression better than recurrence with c-indices ranging from 0.72 to 0.82 while for recurrence, those ranged from 0.55 to 0.61. Conclusion: The EORTC and CUETO risk scores can reasonably predict progression, while prediction of recurrence is more difficult. New prognostic markers are needed to better predict recurrence of tumours in primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients.

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  • 45.
    Viborg Lindskrog, Sia
    et al.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Prip, Frederik
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Lamy, Philippe
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Taber, Ann
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Groeneveld, Clarice S.
    Ligue Natl Canc, Cartes Identite Tumeurs CIT Program, Paris, France; Inst Curie, UMR144, Oncol Mol, Paris, France.
    Birkenkamp-Demtröder, Karin
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Bjerggaard Jensen, Jørgen
    Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark; Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Strandgaard, Trine
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Nordentoft, Iver
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Christensen, Emil
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Sokac, Mateo
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Birkbak, Nicolai J.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Maretty, Lasse
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Hermann, Gregers G.
    Univ Copenhagen, Herlev Hosp, Dept Urol, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Petersen, Astrid C.
    Aalborg Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Aalborg, Denmark.
    Weyerer, Veronika
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nuremberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Inst Pathol, Erlangen, Germany.
    Grimm, Marc-Oliver
    Jena Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Jena, Germany.
    Horstmann, Marcus
    Jena Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Jena, Germany; St Josephshosp, Dept Urol, Malteser Hosp, Krefeld, Germany.
    Sjödahl, Gottfrid
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Translat Med, Div Urol Res, Malmö, Sweden.
    Höglund, Mattias
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Div Oncol & Pathol, Lund, Sweden.
    Steiniche, Torben
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Mogensen, Karin
    Univ Copenhagen, Herlev Hosp, Dept Urol, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    de Reyniès, Aurélien
    Ligue Natl Canc, Cartes Identite Tumeurs CIT Program, Paris, France.
    Nawroth, Roman
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Urol, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Munich, Germany.
    Jordan, Brian
    Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.;Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.;Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Chicago, IL USA.;Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet, Chicago, IL USA.
    Lin, Xiaoqi
    Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.;Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.;Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Chicago, IL USA.;Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet, Chicago, IL USA.
    Dragicevic, Dejan
    Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Clin Ctr Serbia, Clin Urol, Belgrade, Serbia.
    Ward, Douglas G.
    Univ Birmingham, Coll Med & Dent Sci, Bladder Canc Res Ctr, Inst Canc & Genom Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
    Goel, Anshita
    Univ Birmingham, Coll Med & Dent Sci, Bladder Canc Res Ctr, Inst Canc & Genom Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
    Hurst, Carolyn D.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Med Res St James's, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
    Raman, Jay D.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Surg, Div Urol, Hershey, PA USA.
    Warrick, Joshua I.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Div Urol, Hershey, PA USA.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Sikic, Danijel
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nuremberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Dept Urol & Pediat Urol, Erlangen, Germany.
    van Kessel, Kim E. M.
    Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
    Maurer, Tobias
    Tech Univ Munich, Dept Urol, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Munich, Germany; Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Urol, Hamburg, Germany.;Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Martini Clin, Hamburg, Germany.
    Meeks, Joshua J.
    Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.;Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.;Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Chicago, IL USA.;Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet, Chicago, IL USA.
    DeGraff, David J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Div Urol, Hershey, PA USA.
    Bryan, Richard T.
    Univ Birmingham, Coll Med & Dent Sci, Bladder Canc Res Ctr, Inst Canc & Genom Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
    Knowles, Margaret A.
    Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Med Res St James's, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
    Simic, Tatjana
    Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Inst Med & Clin Biochem, Belgrade, Serbia.
    Hartmann, Arndt
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nuremberg, Univ Hosp Erlangen, Inst Pathol, Erlangen, Germany.
    Zwarthoff, Ellen C.
    Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malats, Núria
    CIBERONC, Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Grp, Madrid, Spain.
    Real, Francisco X.
    Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Epithelial Carcinogenesis Grp, Madrid, Spain; Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
    Dyrskjøt, Lars
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med, Aarhus N, Denmark; Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark.
    An integrated multi-omics analysis identifies prognostic molecular subtypes of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer2021In: Nature Communications, E-ISSN 2041-1723, Vol. 12, no 1, article id 2301Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The molecular landscape in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is characterized by large biological heterogeneity with variable clinical outcomes. Here, we perform an integrative multi-omics analysis of patients diagnosed with NMIBC (n=834). Transcriptomic analysis identifies four classes (1, 2a, 2b and 3) reflecting tumor biology and disease aggressiveness. Both transcriptome-based subtyping and the level of chromosomal instability provide independent prognostic value beyond established prognostic clinicopathological parameters. High chromosomal instability, p53-pathway disruption and APOBEC-related mutations are significantly associated with transcriptomic class 2a and poor outcome. RNA-derived immune cell infiltration is associated with chromosomally unstable tumors and enriched in class 2b. Spatial proteomics analysis confirms the higher infiltration of class 2b tumors and demonstrates an association between higher immune cell infiltration and lower recurrence rates. Finally, the independent prognostic value of the transcriptomic classes is documented in 1228 validation samples using a single sample classification tool. The classifier provides a framework for biomarker discovery and for optimizing treatment and surveillance in next-generation clinical trials.

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  • 46. Yavari, Nazila
    et al.
    Andersson-Engels, Stefan
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Malmström, Per-Uno
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    An overview on preclinical and clinical experiences with photodynamic therapy for bladder cancer2011In: Canadian Journal of Urology, ISSN 1195-9479, Vol. 18, no 4, p. 5778-5786Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the most interesting methods of photo treatment. In general, PDT is a modality for the treatment of non-muscle invasive tumors. PDT is very well suited in managing bladder cancer, as the bladder is accessible by endoscopy and the tumors are most often limited to the mucosa or sub-mucosa. PDT is likely more useful for patients with recurrent tumors after conventional therapies, as well as for patients with diffuse non-muscle invasive bladder carcinomas that are refractory to standard treatments before the commitment to radical extirpative surgery, particularly in patients at surgical high risk. The treatment of tumors with PDT includes three major parameters: presence of oxygen in tumor tissue, administration of a photosensitizer, and subsequent exposure to light. The PDT mechanism relies on the in situ generation of cytotoxic agents by the activation of a light-sensitive drug, resulting in cell death. In this review, we present past and current advances in the use of PDT with urinary bladder cancer and discuss the future roles for this type of therapy in the treatment of bladder cancer.

  • 47.
    Åkerström, Göran
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hellman, Per
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Hessman, Ola
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Segersten, Ulrika
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Westin, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Parathyroid glands in calcium regulation and human disease2005In: Trends in Comparative Endocrinology and Neurobiology, ISSN 0077-8923, Vol. 1040, p. 53-58Article, review/survey (Other (popular scientific, debate etc.))
1 - 47 of 47
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