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  • 1.
    Aarnivala, Henri
    et al.
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Pokka, Tytti
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Soininen, Riina
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Mottonen, Merja
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Harila-Saari, Arja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Niinimaki, Riitta
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Trends in age- and sex-adjusted body mass index and the prevalence of malnutrition in children with cancer over 42 months after diagnosis: a single-center cohort study2020In: European Journal of Pediatrics, ISSN 0340-6199, E-ISSN 1432-1076, Vol. 179, no 1, p. 91-98Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The adequate nutritional status of pediatric cancer patients is particularly important to enable them to cope with the demands of the disease and its treatment and to maintain normal growth. Malnutrition and obesity have both been associated with reduced survival and increased drug toxicity. We investigated trends in the age- and sex-adjusted body mass index (ISO-BMI) and the prevalence of malnutrition in a Finnish cohort of 139 consecutive children receiving chemotherapy for cancer, with a follow-up period of 42 months after diagnosis. In total, 28% (39/139) of the patients experienced malnutrition (ISO-BMI < 17 or > 10% weight loss), and 12% (16/139) had a nasogastric tube or underwent gastrostomy. Patients with acute or chronic myeloid leukemia (5/10), central nervous system (CNS) tumors (5/13), or solid tumors (13/31) most frequently suffered from malnutrition. There was a significant increase in the ISO-BMI of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (+ 2.1 kg/m(2)) and lymphomas (+ 2.4 kg/m(2)) during the first 6 months, and the ISO-BMI of patients with ALL remained higher at 42 months compared to baseline (+ 1.9 kg/m(2)). Conclusion: The cumulative incidence of malnutrition in Finnish pediatric cancer patients is comparable to that reported in other populations. The nutritional status of patients with acute myeloid leukemia, CNS tumors, or solid tumors should be monitored with extra care to facilitate early intervention in the case of impending malnutrition.

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  • 2.
    Adaikina, Alena
    et al.
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Derraik, José G. B.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health. Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand.;Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Environm Occupat Hlth Sci & Noncommunicable Dis Re, Chiang Mai, Thailand..
    Hofman, Paul L.
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Gusso, Silmara
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand.;Univ Auckland, Exercise Sci Dept, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Vibration therapy in young children with mild to moderate cerebral palsy: does frequency and treatment duration matter? A randomised-controlled study2023In: BMC Pediatrics, ISSN 1471-2431, E-ISSN 1471-2431, Vol. 23, article id 4Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Vibration therapy (VT) has been increasingly studied in children with cerebral palsy (CP) over the last years, however, optimal therapeutic VT protocols are yet to be determined. The present study compared the effects of side-alternating VT protocols varying in frequency and treatment duration on the health of young children with mild-to-moderate CP.

    Methods: Thirty-four participants aged 6.0 to 12.6 years with CP acted as their own controls and underwent two consecutive study periods: a 12-week lead-in (control) period prior to the intervention period of 20-week side-alternating VT (9 min/session, 4 days/week), with the frequency either 20 Hz or 25 Hz, determined by randomisation. Participants had 4 assessment visits: baseline, after the control period, after 12-week VT (12VT), and after further 8 weeks of VT (20VT). Assessments included 6-minute walk test (6MWT); dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; gross motor function; muscle function testing on the Leonardo mechanography plate and by hand-held dynamometry, and a quality-of-life questionnaire (CP QOL). Analysis was carried out using linear mixed models based on repeated measures.

    Results: Side-alternating VT was well-tolerated, with occasional mild itchiness reported. The median compliance level was 99%. VT led to improvements in 6MWT (+ 23 m; p = 0.007 after 20VT), gross motor function in standing skills (+ 0.8 points; p = 0.008 after 12VT; and + 1.3 points; p = 0.001 after 20VT) and in walking, running and jumping skills (+ 2.5 points; p < 0.0001 after 12VT; and + 3.7 points; p < 0.0001 after 20VT), spine bone mineral density z-score (+ 0.14; p = 0.015 after 20VT), velocity rise maximum of the chair rising test (+ 0.14 m/s; p = 0.021 after 20VT), force maximum of the single two-leg jump test (+ 0.30 N/kg; p = 0.0005 after 12VT; and + 0.46 N/kg; p = 0.022 after 20VT) and in the health module of CP QOL (+ 7 points; p = 0.0095 after 20VT). There were no observed differences between the two VT frequencies (i.e., 20 Hz vs 25 Hz) on study outcomes.

    Conclusions: The study confirms that side-alternating VT has positive effects on mobility, gross motor function, body composition, muscle function, and quality of life, independent of VT frequencies tested. Long-term, 20VT appears to be a more efficient treatment duration than a short-term, 12VT.

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  • 3.
    Adaikina, Alena
    et al.
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Derraik, José G. B.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research. Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand.;Univ Auckland, Sch Med, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Paediat Child & Youth Hlth, Auckland, New Zealand.;Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Environm Occupat Hlth Sci & Noncommunicable Dis Re, Chiang Mai, Thailand..
    Mcmillan, Janene
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Colle, Patricia
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Hofman, Paul L.
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Gusso, Silmara
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand.;Univ Auckland, Exercise Sci Dept, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Feasibility study on a longer side-alternating vibration therapy protocol (15 min per session) in children and adolescents with mild cerebral palsy2023In: Frontiers in Pediatrics , E-ISSN 2296-2360, Vol. 11, article id 1231068Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Previous studies on side-alternating vibration therapy (sVT) have usually used a 9 min intervention protocol. We performed a feasibility study aimed at assessing the safety, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of a longer sVT protocol (15 min per session) in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP).

    Methods: Fifteen participants aged 5.2-17.4 years (median = 12.4 years) with CP GMFCS level II underwent 20 weeks of sVT consisting of 15 min sessions 4 days/week. Participants were assessed at baseline and after the intervention period, including mobility (six-minute walk-test; 6MWT), body composition (whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans), and muscle function (force plate).

    Results: Adherence level to the 15 min VT protocol was 83% on average. There were no adverse events reported. After 20 weeks, there was some evidence for an increase in the walking distance covered in 6MWT (+43 m; p = 0.0018) and spine bone mineral density (+0.032 g/cm(2); p = 0.012) compared to baseline.

    Conclusions: The 15 min sVT protocol is feasible and well tolerated. The results also suggest potential benefits of this protocol to mobility and bone health. Randomized controlled trials are needed to reliably ascertain the potential effectiveness of a longer sVT protocol on physical function and body composition in young people with CP.

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  • 4.
    Adaikina, Alena
    et al.
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand.;Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Bldg 505 level 2, 85 Pk Rd, Auckland 1042, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Derraik, José G. B.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research. Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand.;Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, NCD Ctr Excellence, Chiang Mai, Thailand..
    Taylor, Janice
    Starship Childrens Hosp, Child Dev Unit, Auckland, New Zealand.;Starship Childrens Hosp, Newborn Serv, Auckland, New Zealand..
    O'Grady, Gina L.
    Starship Childrens Hosp, Paediat Neurol Dept, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Hofman, Paul L.
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Gusso, Silmara
    Univ Auckland, Liggins Inst, Auckland, New Zealand.;Univ Auckland, Exercise Sci Dept, Auckland, New Zealand..
    Vibration Therapy as an Early Intervention for Children Aged 2-4 Years with Cerebral Palsy: A Feasibility Study2023In: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, ISSN 0194-2638, E-ISSN 1541-3144, Vol. 43, no 5, p. 564-581Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of vibration therapy (VT) in preschool children with cerebral palsy (CP) and obtain preliminary data on its potential effectiveness.

    Methods: Nine children aged 2.5-4.8 years (4 boys) with CP GMFCS levels I-III participated in a single-group feasibility study, undergoing a 12-week control period without intervention, followed by 12 weeks of home-based VT (four times/week, 9 min/day, frequency 20 Hz). We assessed adherence to VT protocol, adverse events, and family acceptability of VT. Clinical assessments included motor function (GMFM-66), body composition (DXA), mobility (10-meter walk/run test), and health-related quality of life (PedsQL).

    Results: VT was well tolerated and acceptable to families, with high adherence levels reported (mean = 93%). There were no observed between-period differences (Delta Control vs Delta VT) except for an improvement in the PedsQL "Movement & Balance" dimension with VT (p = 0.044). Nonetheless, changes after the VT but not the Control period were suggestive of potential treatment benefits for mobility, gross motor function, and body composition (lean mass and legs bone mineral density).

    Conclusion: Home-based VT is feasible and acceptable for preschool children with CP. Our preliminary data suggest potential health benefits from VT for these children, supporting larger randomized trials to assess its effectiveness properly.

  • 5.
    Aden, U.
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hugoson, P.
    Karolinska Inst, Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kostilainen, K.
    Univ Helsinki, Childrens Hosp, Helsinki, Finland..
    Mikkola, K.
    Univ Helsinki, Childrens Hosp, Helsinki, Finland..
    Mårtensson, G.
    Karolinska Inst, Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lagercrantz, H.
    Karolinska Inst, Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Westrup, B.
    Karolinska Inst, Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Fellman, V.
    Lund Univ, Pediat, Lund, Sweden..
    Huotilainen, Minna
    Uppsala University, The Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences (SCASSS).
    The impacts of maternal singing during kangaroo care on mothers and infants2016In: European Journal of Pediatrics, ISSN 0340-6199, E-ISSN 1432-1076, Vol. 175, no 11, p. 1425-1425Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 6.
    Adjorlolo, Samuel
    et al.
    Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana;Research and Grant Institute of Ghana Accra Ghana.
    Awortwe, Victoria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Healthcare Sciences and e-Health.
    Anum, Adote
    Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, College of Humanities University of Ghana Accra Ghana.
    Huang, Keng‐Yen
    Department of Population Health New York University School of Medicine New York NY USA;Child and Adolescent Psychiatry New York University School of Medicine New York NY USA.
    Mamah, Daniel
    Department of Psychiatry Washington University Medical School St. Louis MO USA.
    Psychotic‐like experiences and adverse life events in young people: Does gender matter?2023In: Child and Adolescent Mental Health, ISSN 1475-357X, E-ISSN 1475-3588Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and adverse life events (ALEs) are highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa where gendered practices are also common. There is, however, a paucity of data on how the relationship between PLEs and life adversities is influenced by gender. The current study addressed this gap.

    Method

    Data were collected from 1886 school-based young people (1174 females) in Ghana, West Africa using a cross-sectional survey methodology and analyzed using Chi-square, independent t-test, Pearson correlation, and multivariate regression.

    Results

    The results showed that victimization experiences, school stress and having a family member with mental illness were significantly associated with PLEs in both males and females. In contrast, substance misuse and experiences of head trauma correlated significantly with PLEs in females only.

    Conclusion

    Life adversities constitute major risk factors for PLEs among school-based young people in Ghana, who could benefit from gender neutral and gender-sensitive intervention programming to remediate the effects of life adversities on PLEs.

  • 7. Agnafors, S.
    et al.
    Sydsjö, G.
    Comasco, Erika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Bladh, M.
    Oreland, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology.
    Svedin, C.
    Behaviour problems in children-a longitudinal study of genetic and environmental factors2015In: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, ISSN 1018-8827, E-ISSN 1435-165X, Vol. 24, p. S35-S35Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Agnafors, Sara
    et al.
    Linkoping Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, IKE, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Comasco, Erika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology.
    Bladh, Marie
    Linkoping Univ, Div Obstet & Gynecol IKE, Fac Hlth Sci, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Sydsjö, Gunilla
    Linkoping Univ, Div Obstet & Gynecol IKE, Fac Hlth Sci, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Dekeyser, Linda
    Linkoping Univ, Div Obstet & Gynecol IKE, Fac Hlth Sci, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Oreland, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology.
    Svedin, Carl-Göran
    Linkoping Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, IKE, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden.
    Effect of gene, environment and maternal depressive symptoms on pre-adolescence behavior problems: a longitudinal study2013In: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, E-ISSN 1753-2000, Vol. 7, article id 10Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:

    Depression is a common and disabling condition with a high relapse frequency. Maternal mental health problems and experience of traumatic life events are known to increase the risk of behavior problems in children. Recently, genetic factors, in particular gene-by-environment interaction models, have been implicated to explain depressive etiology. However, results are inconclusive.

    METHODS:

    Study participants were members of the SESBiC-study. A total of 889 mothers and their children were followed during the child's age of 3 months to 12 years. Information on maternal depressive symptoms was gathered postpartum and at a 12 year follow-up. Mothers reported on child behavior and traumatic life events experienced by the child at age 12. Saliva samples were obtained from children for analysis of 5-HTTLPR and BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms.

    RESULTS:

    Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between maternal symptoms of depression and anxiety, and internalizing problems in 12-year-old children (OR 5.72, 95% CI 3.30-9.91). Furthermore, carriers of two short alleles (s/s) of the 5-HTTLPR showed a more than 4-fold increased risk of internalizing problems at age 12 compared to l/l carriers (OR 4.73, 95% CI 2.14-10.48). No gene-by-environment interaction was found and neither depressive symptoms postpartum or traumatic experiences during childhood stayed significant in the final model.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    Concurrent maternal symptoms of depression and anxiety are significant risk factors for behavior problems in children, which need to be taken into account in clinical practice. Furthermore, we found a main effect of 5-HTTLPR on internalizing symptoms in 12-year-old children, a finding that needs to be confirmed in future studies.

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  • 9.
    Agnafors, Sara
    et al.
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Fac Hlth Sci, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, SE-58185 Linkoping, Sweden..
    Sydsjö, Gunilla
    Linkoping Univ, Div Obstet & Gynaecol, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Fac Hlth Sci, SE-58185 Linkoping, Sweden..
    Comasco, Erika
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology.
    Bladh, Marie
    Linkoping Univ, Div Obstet & Gynaecol, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Fac Hlth Sci, SE-58185 Linkoping, Sweden..
    Oreland, Lars
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neuro-psycho-pharmacology.
    Svedin, Carl Göran
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Fac Hlth Sci, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, SE-58185 Linkoping, Sweden..
    Early predictors of behavioural problems in pre-schoolers: a longitudinal study of constitutional and environmental main and interaction effects2016In: BMC Pediatrics, ISSN 1471-2431, E-ISSN 1471-2431, Vol. 16, article id 76Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The early environment is important for child development and wellbeing. Gene-by-environment studies investigating the impact of the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphisms by life events on mental health and behaviour problems have been inconclusive. Methodological differences regarding sample sizes, study population, definitions of adversities and measures of mental health problems obstacle their comparability. Furthermore, very few studies included children. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between a broad range of risk factors covering pregnancy and birth, genetic polymorphism, experience of multiple life events and psychosocial environment, and child behaviour at age 3, using a comparably large, representative, population-based sample. Methods: A total of 1,106 children, and their mothers, were followed from pregnancy to age 3. Information on pregnancy and birth-related factors was retrieved from the Medical Birth Register. Questionnaires on depressive symptoms, child behaviour and child experiences of life events were filled in by the mothers. Child saliva samples were used for genotyping the 5-HTTLPR and BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the association between psychological scales and genetic polymorphisms. Results: Symptoms of postpartum depression increased the risk of both internalizing and externalizing problems. Experience of multiple life events was also a predictor of behavioural problems across the scales. No gene-by-environment or gene-by-gene-by-environment interactions were found. Children of immigrants had an increased risk of internalizing problems and parental unemployment was significantly associated with both internalizing and externalizing type of problems. Conclusion: This study shows the importance of the psychosocial environment for psychosocial health in preschool children, and adds to the literature of null-findings of gene-by-environment effects of 5-HTTLPR and BDNF in children.

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  • 10.
    Agrasada, Grace V.
    Uppsala University, Medicinska vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Postnatal Peer Counseling on Exclusive Breastfeeding of Low-birthweight Filipino Infants: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial2005Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In a Manila hospital, 204 mothers were randomized into three groups: two intervention groups receiving home-based counseling visits, one of them (n=68) by counselors trained to use a locally developed, two-tiered program of breastfeeding counseling, and the other by counselors trained in general childcare (n=67), were compared with a control group of mothers (n=69) who did not receive any counseling. All infants were scheduled for seven visits to the hospital for follow-up. During hospital visits, maternal and infant body measurements were made and an independent interviewer asked the mothers individually to recall how the infant had been fed. One study physician, blind to participant groups, was consulted at all scheduled and unscheduled infant visits.

    At six months, 44% of the breastfeeding-counseled mothers, 7% of the childcare-counseled mothers and none of the mothers in the control group were exclusively breastfeeding. Twenty- four mothers breastfed exclusively during the first six months, of whom 22 received breastfeeding counseling and 2 had no breastfeeding counseling. Among 24 infants who were exclusively breastfed from birth to six months there were no episodes of diarrhea. All infants had gained in weight, length and head circumference. Mean maternal weight loss at six months was similar whether her breastfeeding was exclusive or partial.

    The reasons why mothers without breastfeeding counseling introduced non-breast milk feeding before six months reflected lack of knowledge and support. Breastfeeding support during the first six months focusing on how to prevent and solve breastfeeding problems, particularly during the first two weeks, will enable mothers to choose to breastfeed exclusively up to six months.

    This study has provided fundamental evidence of successful intervention by breastfeeding counseling to achieve six months of exclusive breastfeeding among term, low-birthweight infants. The locally developed training program in breastfeeding counseling, which successfully prepared volunteers to counsel mothers at home, could be incorporated into primary health care in the Philippines. Mothers who received breastfeeding counseling appreciated how this helped them to achieve their breastfeeding goals for the first six months. Improved breastfeeding practices as a result of breastfeeding counseling provided infants with protection from diarrhea and respiratory infections, contributing to their health and development.

    List of papers
    1. Postnatal peer counselling on exclusive breastfeeding of low-birthweight infants: a randomized, controlled trial
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Postnatal peer counselling on exclusive breastfeeding of low-birthweight infants: a randomized, controlled trial
    2005 In: Acta Paediatrica, Vol. 94, p. 1109-1115Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-93829 (URN)
    Available from: 2005-11-22 Created: 2005-11-22Bibliographically approved
    2. Training peer counselors in supporting mothers of term, low birth weight infants to exclusively breastfeed
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Training peer counselors in supporting mothers of term, low birth weight infants to exclusively breastfeed
    2005 (English)In: Asia Pacific Family Medicine, ISSN 1444-1683, E-ISSN 1447-056X, Vol. 4, no 1Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Aim:      This article describes a locally developed, two-tiered program of counseling training, aimed at supporting mothers of term, low birth weight infants to exclusively breastfeed from birth to 6 months. Methods:      An invitation to attend a mother–child health seminar was sent to 13 health centers in Metropolitan Manila. Level One training consisted of a three-day seminar on postpartum mother–child care conducted by the health staff of the Philippine General Hospital. Level Two of the training, conducted by a certified breastfeeding counselor, consisted of a 40-hour instructional program which used interactive didactics and practical skill workshops which taught the counselors how to prevent and manage breastfeeding problems. Result:      Thirty of 37 (81%) women passed Level One training. Fourteen of these 30 women (46.7%) decided to proceed to Level Two training. Eight of the 14 women who had the longest breastfeeding experience were chosen to undergo the Level Two training. All eight women completed the training. Six of the eight (75%) had satisfactory post-training assessment; the remaining two were re-trained and were subsequently assessed to be fit for counseling work. An assessment of post-training competencies showed that counseling knowledge and skills were improved by the training. Further, the intervention demonstrated a 56.6% exclusive breastfeeding rate at six months compared to the national prevalence rate of 1.4%. Conclusion:      This training program has increased breastfeeding counseling knowledge as established by increased correct breastfeeding information and appropriate counseling skills observed after the women completed the training.

    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-93830 (URN)
    Available from: 2005-11-22 Created: 2005-11-22 Last updated: 2023-09-13Bibliographically approved
    3. When and why Filipino mothers of term low birth weight infants stop breastfeeding exclusively
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>When and why Filipino mothers of term low birth weight infants stop breastfeeding exclusively
    Manuscript (Other academic)
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-93831 (URN)
    Available from: 2005-11-22 Created: 2005-11-22 Last updated: 2010-01-13Bibliographically approved
    4. Exclusive breastfeeding of low birth weight infants for the first six months: infant morbidity and maternal and infant anthropometry
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Exclusive breastfeeding of low birth weight infants for the first six months: infant morbidity and maternal and infant anthropometry
    Manuscript (Other academic)
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-93832 (URN)
    Available from: 2005-11-22 Created: 2005-11-22 Last updated: 2010-01-13Bibliographically approved
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    FULLTEXT01
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    COVER01
  • 11.
    Ahlsson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Kaijser, Magnus
    Clincial Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Adami, Johanna
    Clincial Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Lundgren, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Palme, Mårten
    Department of Economics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    School performance after preterm birth2015In: Epidemiology, ISSN 1044-3983, E-ISSN 1531-5487, Vol. 26, no 1, p. 106-111Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: An increased risk of poor school performance for children born preterm has been shown in many studies, but whether this increase is attributable to preterm birth per se or to other factors associated with preterm birth has not been resolved. METHODS: We used data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, the Longitudinal Integration Database for Sickness Insurance and Labor Market Study, the Swedish Multigeneration Register, and the National School Register to link records comprising the Swedish birth cohorts from 1974 through 1991. Linear regression was used to assess the association between gestational duration and school performance, both with and without controlling for parental and socioeconomic factors. In a restricted analysis, we compared siblings only with each other. RESULTS: Preterm birth was strongly and negatively correlated with school performance. The distribution of school grades for children born at 31-33 weeks was on average 3.85 (95% confidence interval = -4.36 to -3.35) centiles lower than for children born at 40 weeks. For births at 22-24 weeks, the corresponding figure was -23.15 (-30.32 to -15.97). When taking confounders into account, the association remained. When restricting the analysis to siblings, however, the association between school performance and preterm birth after week 30 vanished completely, whereas it remained, less pronounced, for preterm birth before 30 weeks of gestation. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the association between school performance and preterm birth after 30 gestational weeks is attributable to factors other than preterm birth per se.

  • 12.
    Albertsen, Birgitte Klug
    et al.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Children & Adolescent Hlth, Palle Juul Jensens Blvd 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Harila-Saari, Arja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Jahnukainen, Kirsi
    Univ Helsinki, Childrens Hosp, Helsinki, Finland;Univ Helsinki, Cent Hosp, Helsinki, Finland.
    Lahteenmaki, Paivi
    Turku Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Turku, Finland;Turku Univ, Turku, Finland.
    Riikonen, Pekka
    Kuopio Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat, Kuopio, Finland.
    Mottonen, Merja
    Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Ctr, Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, Med Res Ctr Oulu, Oulu, Finland;Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Oulu, Finland.
    Lausen, Birgitte
    Univ Hosp, Rigshosp, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Asparaginase treatment in infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia; pharmacokinetics and asparaginase hypersensitivity in Interfant-062019In: Leukemia and Lymphoma, ISSN 1042-8194, E-ISSN 1029-2403, Vol. 60, no 6, p. 1469-1475Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare disease in infants. Asparaginase is an essential part of the treatment, and there Acute is a need to evaluate the efficiency and safety of this drug in this age group. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics of intramuscularly administered native E. coli asparaginase (Asparaginase Medac((R))) and PEG-asparaginase (Oncaspar((R))) as well as hypersensitivity reactions during treatment in Interfant-06 (www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01025804). All patients without hypersensitivity had sufficiently high enzyme activity levels during treatment with both preparations. Patients with hypersensitivity reactions during treatment, characterized by the presence of either or not of clinical symptoms and no measurable enzyme activity, received ineffective therapy. For optimization of the bad prognosis in infant ALL, therapeutic drug monitoring should be performed for identification of patients who should be switched to a different asparaginase preparation because of inactivation of the drug.

  • 13.
    Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin
    et al.
    Göteborg Pediatric Growth Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Kriström, Berit
    Pediatrics Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Sweden.
    Lundberg, Elena
    Pediatrics Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Sweden.
    Aronson, A Stefan
    Department of Pediatrics, Halmstad Hospital, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Hagenäs, Lars
    Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ivarsson, Sten-A
    Department of Pediatrics, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Jonsson, Björn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Ritzén, Martin
    Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Tuvemo, Torsten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Westgren, Ulf
    Department of Pediatrics, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Westphal, Otto
    Göteborg Pediatric Growth Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Aman, Jan
    School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden.
    Growth hormone dose-dependent pubertal growth: a randomized trial in short children with low growth hormone secretion2014In: Hormone Research in Paediatrics, ISSN 1663-2818, E-ISSN 1663-2826, Vol. 82, no 3, p. 158-170Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND/AIMS: Growth hormone (GH) treatment regimens do not account for the pubertal increase in endogenous GH secretion. This study assessed whether increasing the GH dose and/or frequency of administration improves pubertal height gain and adult height (AH) in children with low GH secretion during stimulation tests, i.e. idiopathic isolated GH deficiency.

    METHODS: A multicenter, randomized, clinical trial (No. 88-177) followed 111 children (96 boys) at study start from onset of puberty to AH who had received GH 33 µg/kg/day for ≥1 year. They were randomized to receive 67 µg/kg/day (GH(67)) given as one (GH(67×1); n = 35) or two daily injections (GH(33×2); n = 36), or to remain on a single 33 µg/kg/day dose (GH(33×1); n = 40). Growth was assessed as heightSDSgain for prepubertal, pubertal and total periods, as well as AHSDS versus the population and the midparental height.

    RESULTS: Pubertal heightSDSgain was greater for patients receiving a high dose (GH(67), 0.73) than a low dose (GH(33×1), 0.41, p < 0.05). AHSDS was greater on GH(67) (GH(67×1), -0.84; GH(33×2), -0.83) than GH(33) (-1.25, p < 0.05), and heightSDSgain was greater on GH(67) than GH(33) (2.04 and 1.56, respectively; p < 0.01). All groups reached their target heightSDS.

    CONCLUSION: Pubertal heightSDSgain and AHSDS were dose dependent, with greater growth being observed for the GH(67) than the GH(33) randomization group; however, there were no differences between the once- and twice-daily GH(67) regimens.

  • 14.
    Alm, Susanne
    et al.
    Stockholm Univ, Swedish Inst Social Res, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Laftman, Sara Brolin
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Ctr Hlth Equity Studies CHESS, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Bohman, Hannes
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health. Stockholm Cty Council, Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, S-10422 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Poor Family Relationships in Adolescence and the Risk of Premature Death: Findings from the Stockholm Birth Cohort Study2019In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ISSN 1661-7827, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 16, no 10, article id 1690Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Poor family relationships during childhood have been shown to have long-term negative effects on an offspring's health. However, few studies have followed the offspring to retirement age, and relatedly, knowledge about the link between poor family relationships and premature death is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the association between poor family relationships in adolescence and the risk of premature death, even when considering other adverse childhood conditions. Prospective data from the Stockholm Birth Cohort study were used, with 2636 individuals born in 1953 who were followed up until age 65. Information on family relations was based on interviews with the participants' mothers in 1968. Information on mortality was retrieved from administrative register data from 1969-2018. Cox proportional hazards regressions showed that poor family relationships in adolescence were associated with an increased risk of premature death, even when adjusting for childhood conditions in terms of household social class, household economic poverty, contact with the child services, parental alcohol abuse, and parental mental illness (Hazard Ratio (HR), 2.08, 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 1.40-3.09). The findings show that poor family relationships in adolescence can have severe and long-lasting health consequences, highlighting the importance of early interventions.

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  • 15.
    Al-Mashhadi, Ammar Nadhom Farman
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    High Blood Pressure in Children with Hydronephrosis2018Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The most common cause of secondary hypertension is intrinsic renal disease, but little is known about the influence of hydronephrosis on blood pressure. In this thesis, the risk of development of hypertension in children with hydronephrosis was studied.

    Experimental and clinical studies were combined in order to investigate the risk of developing elevated blood pressure following conservative treatment of hydronephrosis, and to further explore underlying mechanisms. We started with a clinical study in children (study I), which in agreement with previous experimental studies, showed that blood pressure was lowered by surgical management of hydronephrosis. In parallel, an experimental study was conducted (study II) to investigate the involvement of renal sympathetic nerve activity in development of hypertension following induction of hydronephrosis caused by pelvo-ureteric junction obstruction. Renal denervation of the obstructed kidney attenuated hypertension and restored the renal excretion pattern, effects that were associated with reduced activity of both renal NADPH oxidase derived oxidative stress and components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

    Based on the findings in studies I and II, we continued our studies in children with hydronephrosis, and including two control groups as comparisons with the hydronephrotic group (study III). In the same study, we further investigated potential mechanism(s) of hypertension by analyzing markers of oxidative stress and nitric oxide homeostasis in both urine and blood samples. We demonstrated increased arterial pressure and oxidative stress in children with hydronephrosis compared with healthy controls, which was restored to normal levels by surgical correction of the obstruction. Finally, in a retrospective cohort study, blood pressure of adult patients undergoing surgical management of hydronephrosis due to pelvo-ureteric junction obstruction was assessed (study IV). Similar to that demonstrated in the pediatric hydronephrotic population, blood pressure was significantly reduced by relief of the obstruction. In addition, blood pressure was increased again if the hydronephrosis recurred, and was reduced again following re-operation.

    It is concluded that conservative management of hydronephrosis in children is associated with a risk for development of high blood pressure, which can be reduced or even normalized by relief of the obstruction. The mechanism(s), at least in part, is coupled to increased oxidative stress.

    List of papers
    1. Surgical treatment reduces blood pressure in children with unilateral congenital hydronephrosis
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Surgical treatment reduces blood pressure in children with unilateral congenital hydronephrosis
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    2015 (English)In: Journal of Pediatric Urology, ISSN 1477-5131, E-ISSN 1873-4898, Vol. 11, no 2, p. 91.e1-91.e6Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Objective Renal disorders can cause hypertension, but less is known about the influence of hydronephrosis on blood pressure. Hydronephrosis due to pelvo-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is a fairly common condition (incidence in newborns of 0.5-1%). Although hypertensive effects of hydronephrosis have been suggested, this has not been substantiated by prospective studies in humans [1-3]. Experimental studies with PUJO have shown that animals with induced hydronephrosis develop salt-sensitive hypertension, which strongly correlate to the degree of obstruction [4-7]. Moreover, relief of the obstruction normalized blood pressure [8]. In this first prospective study our aim was to study the blood pressure pattern in pediatric patients with hydronephrosis before and after surgical correction of the ureteral obstruction. Specifically, we investigated if preoperative blood pressure is reduced after surgery and if split renal function and renographic excretion curves provide any prognostic information. Patients and methods Twelve patients with unilateral congenital hydronephrosis were included in this prospective study. Ambulatory blood pressure (24 h) was measured preoperatively and six months after surgery. Preoperative evaluations of bilateral renal function by Tc99m-MAG3 scintigraphy, and renography curves, classified according to O'Reilly, were also performed. Results As shown in the summary figure, postoperative systolic (103 +/- 2 mmHg) and diastolic (62 +/- 2 mmHg) blood pressure were significantly lower than those obtained preoperatively (110 +/- 4 and 69 +/- 2 mmHg, respectively), whereas no changes in circadian variation or pulse pressure were observed. Renal functional share of the hydronephrotic kidney ranged from 11 to 55%. There was no correlation between the degree of renal function impairment and the preoperative excretory pattern, or between the preoperative excretory pattern and the blood pressure reduction postoperatively. However, preoperative MAG3 function of the affected kidney correlated with the magnitude of blood pressure change after surgery. Discussion Correction of the obstruction lowered blood pressure, and the reduction in blood pressure appeared to correlate with the degree of renal functional impairment, but not with the excretory pattern. Thus, in the setting of hypertension, it appears that the functional share of the hydronephrotic kidney should be considered an indicator of the need for surgery, whereas the renography curve is less reliable. The strength of the present study is the prospective nature and that ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was used. Future longitudinal prolonged follow-up studies are warranted to confirm the present findings, and to understand if a real nephrogenic hypertension with potential necessity of treatment will develop. Conclusion This novel prospective study in patients with congenital hydronephrosis demonstrates a reduction in blood pressure following relief of the obstruction. Based on the present results, we propose that the blood pressure level should also be taken into account when deciding whether to correct hydronephrosis surgically or not.

    Keywords
    Hydronephrosis, Hypertension, Pelvo-ureteric junction obstruction, Pyeloplasty, Renal function
    National Category
    Pediatrics Urology and Nephrology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-257044 (URN)10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.01.008 (DOI)000355333400035 ()
    Available from: 2015-06-29 Created: 2015-06-29 Last updated: 2020-02-19Bibliographically approved
    2. Renal denervation attenuates NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative stress and hypertension in rats with hydronephrosis
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Renal denervation attenuates NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative stress and hypertension in rats with hydronephrosis
    Show others...
    2016 (English)In: American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology, ISSN 0363-6127, E-ISSN 1522-1466, Vol. 310, no 1, p. F43-F56Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Hydronephrosis is associated with development of salt-sensitive hypertension. Studies suggest that increased sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and oxidative stress play important roles in renovascular hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the link between renal SNA and NADPH oxidase (NOX) regulation in the development of hypertension in rats with hydronephrosis. Hydronephrosis was induced by partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (PUUO) in young rats. Sham surgery or renal denervation was performed at the same time. Blood pressure was measured during normal, high and low salt diets. Renal excretion pattern, NOX activity and expression, as well as components of RAAS were characterized. On normal salt diet, PUUO rats had elevated blood pressure compared with controls (115±3 vs 87±1 mmHg), and displayed increased urine production and lower urine osmolality. Blood pressure change in response to salt loading (salt-sensitivity) was more pronounced in the PUUO group compared with controls (15±2 vs 5±1mmHg). Renal denervation in PUUO rats attenuated hypertension (97±3mmHg) and salt-sensitivity (5±1mmHg), and normalized renal excretion pattern, whereas the degree of renal fibrosis and inflammation was not changed. NOX activity and expression, as well as renin and AT1A receptor expression, were increased in renal cortex from PUUO rats, and normalized by denervation. Plasma sodium and potassium levels were elevated in PUUO rats and normalized after renal denervation. Denervation in PUUO rats was also associated with reduced NOX expression, superoxide production and fibrosis in the heart. This study emphasizes a link between renal nerves, NOX function, and development of hypertension.

    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-267780 (URN)10.1152/ajprenal.00345.2015 (DOI)000366593500007 ()26538440 (PubMedID)
    Note

    De två första författarna delar förstaförfattarskapet.

    Available from: 2015-11-26 Created: 2015-11-26 Last updated: 2019-11-11Bibliographically approved
    3. Changes in arterial pressure and markers of nitric oxide homeostasis and oxidative stress following surgical correction of hydronephrosis in children
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Changes in arterial pressure and markers of nitric oxide homeostasis and oxidative stress following surgical correction of hydronephrosis in children
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    2018 (English)In: Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West), ISSN 0931-041X, E-ISSN 1432-198X, Vol. 33, no 4, p. 639-649Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Objective Recent clinical studies have suggested an increased risk of elevated arterial pressure in patients with hydronephrosis. Animals with experimentally induced hydronephrosis develop hypertension, which is correlated to the degree of obstruction and increased oxidative stress. In this prospective study we investigated changes in arterial pressure, oxidative stress, and nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis following correction of hydronephrosis.

    Methods Ambulatory arterial pressure (24 h) was monitored in pediatric patients with hydronephrosis (n = 15) before and after surgical correction, and the measurements were compared with arterial pressure measurements in two control groups, i.e. healthy controls (n = 8) and operated controls (n = 8). Markers of oxidative stress and NO homeostasis were analyzed in matched urine and plasma samples.

    Results The preoperative mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in hydronephrotic patients [83 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI) 80–88 mmHg] than in healthy controls (74 mmHg; 95% CI 68–80 mmHg; p < 0.05), and surgical correction of ureteral obstruction reduced arterial pressure (76 mmHg; 95% CI 74–79 mmHg; p < 0.05). Markers of oxidative stress (i.e., 11- dehydroTXB2, PGF2α, 8-iso-PGF2α, 8,12-iso-iPF2α-VI) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in patients with hydronephrosis compared with both control groups, and these were reduced following surgery (p < 0.05). Interestingly, there was a trend for increased NO synthase activity and signaling in hydronephrosis, which may indicate compensatory mechanism(s).

    Conclusion This study demonstrates increased arterial pressure and oxidative stress in children with hydronephrosis compared with healthy controls, which can be restored to normal levels by surgical correction of the obstruction. Once reference data on ambulatory blood pressure in this young age group become available, we hope cut-off values can be defined for deciding whether or not to correct hydronephrosis surgically.

    Keywords Blood pressure . Hydronephrosis . Hypertension . Nitric oxide . Oxidative stress . Ureteral obstruction 

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Springer, 2018
    Keywords
    Blood pressure, Hydronephrosis, Hypertension, Nitric oxide, Oxidative stress, Ureteral obstruction
    National Category
    Urology and Nephrology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-337796 (URN)10.1007/s00467-017-3848-4 (DOI)000427901900012 ()29196979 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    Swedish Research Council, 2016-01381 MC 65X-03522-43-3 AEGPSwedish Heart Lung Foundation, 20140448The Karolinska Institutet's Research Foundation
    Available from: 2018-01-04 Created: 2018-01-04 Last updated: 2019-11-11Bibliographically approved
    4. Reduction of arterial pressure following relief of obstruction in patients with hydronephrosis
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Reduction of arterial pressure following relief of obstruction in patients with hydronephrosis
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Keywords
    blood pressure, hydronephrosis, hypertension, kidney, renal function, ureteral obstruction
    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-338672 (URN)
    Available from: 2018-01-11 Created: 2018-01-11 Last updated: 2019-11-11
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  • 16.
    Al-Mashhadi, Ammar Nadhom Farman
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Dukic, Milena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Engstrand Lilja, Helene
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Rhabdomyomatous mesenchymal hamartoma presenting in a child as a perineal mass2019In: Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports, E-ISSN 2213-5766, Vol. 47, article id 101242Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rhabdomyomatous mesenchymal hamartoma (RMH) is a rare hamartomatous lesion in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. It is mostly found in the face and neck region of children. We report a case of solitary RMH located in the perineum of an 8-month-old boy. Microscopic examination of specimen showed a disordered collection of mature adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, adnexal elements and nerve bundles, and immunohistochemistry confirmed a RMH. This case emphasizes the possibility of RMH in the perineum of the children. Even if RMH is a rare condition in the perineum it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a perineal mass in children.

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  • 17.
    Al-Mashhadi, Ammar Nadhom Farman
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology.
    Nevéus, Tryggve
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Stenberg, Arne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Karanikas, Birgitta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology.
    Persson, A. Erik G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology.
    Carlstrom, Mattias
    Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wahlin, Nils
    Department of Pediatric Surgery, Astrid Lindgren Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Surgical treatment reduces blood pressure in children with unilateral congenital hydronephrosis2015In: Journal of Pediatric Urology, ISSN 1477-5131, E-ISSN 1873-4898, Vol. 11, no 2, p. 91.e1-91.e6Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective Renal disorders can cause hypertension, but less is known about the influence of hydronephrosis on blood pressure. Hydronephrosis due to pelvo-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is a fairly common condition (incidence in newborns of 0.5-1%). Although hypertensive effects of hydronephrosis have been suggested, this has not been substantiated by prospective studies in humans [1-3]. Experimental studies with PUJO have shown that animals with induced hydronephrosis develop salt-sensitive hypertension, which strongly correlate to the degree of obstruction [4-7]. Moreover, relief of the obstruction normalized blood pressure [8]. In this first prospective study our aim was to study the blood pressure pattern in pediatric patients with hydronephrosis before and after surgical correction of the ureteral obstruction. Specifically, we investigated if preoperative blood pressure is reduced after surgery and if split renal function and renographic excretion curves provide any prognostic information. Patients and methods Twelve patients with unilateral congenital hydronephrosis were included in this prospective study. Ambulatory blood pressure (24 h) was measured preoperatively and six months after surgery. Preoperative evaluations of bilateral renal function by Tc99m-MAG3 scintigraphy, and renography curves, classified according to O'Reilly, were also performed. Results As shown in the summary figure, postoperative systolic (103 +/- 2 mmHg) and diastolic (62 +/- 2 mmHg) blood pressure were significantly lower than those obtained preoperatively (110 +/- 4 and 69 +/- 2 mmHg, respectively), whereas no changes in circadian variation or pulse pressure were observed. Renal functional share of the hydronephrotic kidney ranged from 11 to 55%. There was no correlation between the degree of renal function impairment and the preoperative excretory pattern, or between the preoperative excretory pattern and the blood pressure reduction postoperatively. However, preoperative MAG3 function of the affected kidney correlated with the magnitude of blood pressure change after surgery. Discussion Correction of the obstruction lowered blood pressure, and the reduction in blood pressure appeared to correlate with the degree of renal functional impairment, but not with the excretory pattern. Thus, in the setting of hypertension, it appears that the functional share of the hydronephrotic kidney should be considered an indicator of the need for surgery, whereas the renography curve is less reliable. The strength of the present study is the prospective nature and that ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was used. Future longitudinal prolonged follow-up studies are warranted to confirm the present findings, and to understand if a real nephrogenic hypertension with potential necessity of treatment will develop. Conclusion This novel prospective study in patients with congenital hydronephrosis demonstrates a reduction in blood pressure following relief of the obstruction. Based on the present results, we propose that the blood pressure level should also be taken into account when deciding whether to correct hydronephrosis surgically or not.

  • 18.
    Almblad, Ann-Charlotte
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Early Detection and Treatment for Children: Experiences and outcome of implementation at a pediatric hospital2018Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Early recognition of severely ill children is necessary to prevent serious adverse events and unexpected death. To promote patient safety the Early Detection and Treatment Program for Children (EDT-C) was developed at a University Children’s Hospital in Sweden. This program consists of validated tools for communication and teamwork combined with the Pediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) and guidelines for recommended actions. Ward specific guidelines were developed and EDT-C instructors were trained. The aims were to describe healthcare professionals’ experience of caring for acutely, severely ill children (Study I) and to evaluate the implementation of EDT-C (Study II, III, IV). The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARiHS) framework guided both implementation and the research study.

    Before introducing the EDT-C, focus group interviews were performed to explore healthcare professionals’ experience of caring for acutely, severely ill children. A context assessment, using the Alberta Context Tool (ACT) was also conducted. After implementation, a retrospective review of the electronic patient records (EPR) to assess adherence to guidelines were carried out. Instructors’ and healthcare professionals’ experiences from the implementation of EDT-C were gathered through individual interviews. To evaluate the introduction of EDT-C in relation to admission and stay at intensive care a retrospective before-after study using EPR data was performed. Interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and descriptive statistical methods were utilized for quantitative data.

    The caring for acutely severely ill children was described as being in a multifaceted area of tension with paradoxical elements where contradictory emotions emerged. According to documentation, children at a very high risk of clinical deterioration according to PEWS were identified. Adherence to actions prescribed in guidelines varied.

     Healthcare professionals and instructors described EDT-C as suitable for clinical practice and that it created a more structured way of working. It was furthermore described that PEWS measurement had become routine practice at the hospital.

    EDT-C can lead to increased knowledge about early detection of deterioration, strengthen the healthcare in their profession, optimize treatment and teamwork and thereby has potential to increase patient safety for children treated in hospitals.

    List of papers
    1. Caring for the Acutely, Severely Ill Child-A Multifaceted Situation with Paradoxical Elements: Swedish Healthcare Professionals' Experiences
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Caring for the Acutely, Severely Ill Child-A Multifaceted Situation with Paradoxical Elements: Swedish Healthcare Professionals' Experiences
    2016 (English)In: Journal of Pediatric Nursing: Nursing Care of Children and Families, ISSN 0882-5963, E-ISSN 1532-8449, Vol. 31, no 5, p. E293-E300Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe healthcare professionals' experience of caring for acutely, severely ill children in hospital in Sweden.

    Design and Methods: Five focus group interviews were conducted with nurses, nurse assistants and physicians comprising a total of 20 participants. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

    Results: An overall theme emerged that describes healthcare professionals' experiences as: "being in a multifaceted area of tension with paradoxical elements". The theme is based on three categories: proficiency of the individuals and the team is the fundamental base; interactions are crucial in an area of tension; and wellbeing of the individual is a balance of contradictory emotions. With maintained focus on the ill child, proficiency is the fundamental base, interactions are crucial, and moreover contradictory emotions are described.

    Conclusions: The interplay based on proficiency may influence the assessments and treatments of acutely, severely ill children.

    Practice Implications: Recognizing the multifaceted area of tension with paradoxical elements, practical teamwork exercises, a structured approach, and assessment tools could be a possible way to develop interprofessional team collaboration to improve the care of acutely, severely ill children in order to increase patient safety.

    Keywords
    Content analysis, Interprofessional, Focus groups, Pediatric care, Healthcare professionals, Children
    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-306761 (URN)10.1016/j.pedn.2016.05.001 (DOI)000384134300001 ()27237793 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2016-11-10 Created: 2016-11-03 Last updated: 2017-12-20Bibliographically approved
    2. Implementation of Pediatric Early Warning Score: Adherence to Guidelines and Influence of Context
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Implementation of Pediatric Early Warning Score: Adherence to Guidelines and Influence of Context
    2018 (English)In: Journal of Pediatric Nursing: Nursing Care of Children and Families, ISSN 0882-5963, E-ISSN 1532-8449, Vol. 38, p. 33-39Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To describe data of Pediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) registrations and to evaluate the implementation of PEWS by examining adherence to clinical guidelines based on measured PEWS, and to relate findings to work context.

    DESIGN AND METHODS: PEWS, as a part of a concept called Early Detection and Treatment-Children (EDT-C) was implemented at three wards at a Children's Hospital in Sweden. Data were collected from the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) retrospectively to assess adherence to guidelines. The Alberta Context Tool (ACT) was used to assess work context among healthcare professionals (n=110) before implementation of EDT-C.

    RESULTS: The majority of PEWS registrations in EPR were low whereas 10% were moderate to high. Adherences to ward-specific guidelines at admission and for saturation in respiratory distress were high whereas adherence to pain assessment was low. There were significant differences in documented recommended actions between wards. Some differences in leadership and evaluation between wards were identified.

    CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of PEWS implementation indicated frequent use of the tool despite most scores being low. High scores (5-9) occurred 28 times, which may indicate that patients with a high risk of clinical deterioration were identified. Documentation of the consequent recommended actions was however incomplete and there was a large variation in adherence to guidelines. Contextual factors may have an impact on adherence.

    PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: EDT-C can lead to increased knowledge about early detection of deterioration, strengthen nurses as professionals, optimize treatment and teamwork and thereby increase patient safety for children treated in hospitals.

    Keywords
    Deterioration, Implementation, PARIHS, Pediatric, Pews
    National Category
    Pediatrics
    Research subject
    Pediatrics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-336550 (URN)10.1016/j.pedn.2017.09.002 (DOI)000423035000019 ()29167078 (PubMedID)
    Note

    Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi. org/10.1016/j.pedn.2017.09.002

    Available from: 2017-12-14 Created: 2017-12-14 Last updated: 2018-02-28Bibliographically approved
    3. Increased intensive care admission rate after introduction of Early Detection and Treatment program for Children and the establishment of a pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital in Sweden
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Increased intensive care admission rate after introduction of Early Detection and Treatment program for Children and the establishment of a pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital in Sweden
    (English)In: Article in journal (Refereed) Submitted
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To evaluate the introduction of an Early Detection and Treatment program- Children (EDT-C) including a paediatric early warning score (PEWS) in relation to admission and length of stay at intensive care unit (ICU). Design: Before-after study utilizing data from the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) system, comparing outcomes over a total time period of 60 months between April 2010 and September 2015. Setting: A Swedish tertiary hospital. Patients: A total of 16,283 paediatric patients were included over the study period. Interventions: EDT-C including PEWS Measurements and Main Results: The following variables were extracted from the EPR data: 1) Admissions to paediatric wards 2) Length of stay at paediatric wards 3) Admissions to intensive care units 4) Length of stay at intensive care unit 5) Diagnosis. Intensive care unit admission increased from 5.0% (440/8746) before to 10.2 % (772/7537) after the introduction of the EDT-C (p<0.01). Mean treatment time at ICU did not change (41.0 vs 48.3 hours, p=0.23). Conclusion: The introduction of EDT-C including PEWS, in conjunction with the establishment of a paediatric intensive care unit at the hospital, resulted in an increased intensive care admittance rate among paediatric in-patients.

    National Category
    Clinical Medicine Pediatrics
    Research subject
    Pediatrics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-336775 (URN)
    Available from: 2017-12-17 Created: 2017-12-17 Last updated: 2017-12-20
    4. From skepticism to assurance and control: implementation of a patient safety system at a pediatric hospital in Sweden
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>From skepticism to assurance and control: implementation of a patient safety system at a pediatric hospital in Sweden
    (English)In: Article in journal (Refereed) Submitted
    National Category
    Pediatrics
    Research subject
    Pediatrics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-336557 (URN)
    Available from: 2017-12-14 Created: 2017-12-14 Last updated: 2017-12-20Bibliographically approved
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  • 19.
    Almblad, Ann-Charlotte
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Brylid, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Engvall, Gunn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Målqvist, Mats
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Increased intensive care admission rate after introduction of Early Detection and Treatment program for Children and the establishment of a pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital in SwedenIn: Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To evaluate the introduction of an Early Detection and Treatment program- Children (EDT-C) including a paediatric early warning score (PEWS) in relation to admission and length of stay at intensive care unit (ICU). Design: Before-after study utilizing data from the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) system, comparing outcomes over a total time period of 60 months between April 2010 and September 2015. Setting: A Swedish tertiary hospital. Patients: A total of 16,283 paediatric patients were included over the study period. Interventions: EDT-C including PEWS Measurements and Main Results: The following variables were extracted from the EPR data: 1) Admissions to paediatric wards 2) Length of stay at paediatric wards 3) Admissions to intensive care units 4) Length of stay at intensive care unit 5) Diagnosis. Intensive care unit admission increased from 5.0% (440/8746) before to 10.2 % (772/7537) after the introduction of the EDT-C (p<0.01). Mean treatment time at ICU did not change (41.0 vs 48.3 hours, p=0.23). Conclusion: The introduction of EDT-C including PEWS, in conjunction with the establishment of a paediatric intensive care unit at the hospital, resulted in an increased intensive care admittance rate among paediatric in-patients.

  • 20.
    Almblad, Ann-Charlotte
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Målqvist, Mats
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Engvall, Gunn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    From skepticism to assurance and control: Implementation of a patient safety system at a pediatric hospital in Sweden2018In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 13, no 11, article id e0207744Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The use of evidence-based practice among healthcare professionals directly correlates to better outcomes for patients and higher professional satisfaction. Translating knowledge in practice and mobilizing evidence-based clinical care remains a continuing challenge in healthcare systems across the world.

    PURPOSE: To describe experiences from the implementation of an Early Detection and Treatment Program for Children (EDT-C) among health care professionals at a pediatric hospital in Sweden.

    DESIGN AND METHODS: Sixteen individual interviews were conducted with physicians, nurses and nurse assistants, which of five were instructors. Data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis.

    RESULTS: An overarching theme was created: From uncertainty and skepticism towards assurance and control. The theme was based on the content of eight categories: An innovation suitable for clinical practice, Differing conditions for change, Lack of organizational slack, Complex situations, A pragmatic implementation strategy, Delegated responsibility, Experiences of control and Successful implementation.

    CONCLUSIONS: Successful implementation was achieved when initial skepticism among staff was changed into acceptance and using EDT-C had become routine in their daily work. Inter-professional education including material from authentic patient cases promotes knowledge about different professions and can strengthen teamwork. EDT-C with evidenced-based material adapted to the context can give healthcare professionals a structured and objective tool with which to assess and treat patients, giving them a sense of control and assurance.

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  • 21.
    Almblad, Ann-Charlotte
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Målqvist, Mats
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Engvall, Gunn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    From skepticism to assurance and control: implementation of a patient safety system at a pediatric hospital in SwedenIn: Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 22.
    Almblad, Ann-Charlotte
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Siltberg, Petra
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Engvall, Gunn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Målqvist, Mats
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Implementation of Pediatric Early Warning Score: Adherence to Guidelines and Influence of Context2018In: Journal of Pediatric Nursing: Nursing Care of Children and Families, ISSN 0882-5963, E-ISSN 1532-8449, Vol. 38, p. 33-39Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To describe data of Pediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) registrations and to evaluate the implementation of PEWS by examining adherence to clinical guidelines based on measured PEWS, and to relate findings to work context.

    DESIGN AND METHODS: PEWS, as a part of a concept called Early Detection and Treatment-Children (EDT-C) was implemented at three wards at a Children's Hospital in Sweden. Data were collected from the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) retrospectively to assess adherence to guidelines. The Alberta Context Tool (ACT) was used to assess work context among healthcare professionals (n=110) before implementation of EDT-C.

    RESULTS: The majority of PEWS registrations in EPR were low whereas 10% were moderate to high. Adherences to ward-specific guidelines at admission and for saturation in respiratory distress were high whereas adherence to pain assessment was low. There were significant differences in documented recommended actions between wards. Some differences in leadership and evaluation between wards were identified.

    CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of PEWS implementation indicated frequent use of the tool despite most scores being low. High scores (5-9) occurred 28 times, which may indicate that patients with a high risk of clinical deterioration were identified. Documentation of the consequent recommended actions was however incomplete and there was a large variation in adherence to guidelines. Contextual factors may have an impact on adherence.

    PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: EDT-C can lead to increased knowledge about early detection of deterioration, strengthen nurses as professionals, optimize treatment and teamwork and thereby increase patient safety for children treated in hospitals.

  • 23.
    Alving, Kjell
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research.
    FENO and suspected asthma: better to identify responsiveness to treatment than to label with a diagnosis2018In: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, ISSN 2213-2600, E-ISSN 2213-2619, Vol. 6, no 1, p. 3-5Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Andell Jason, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland. Karolinska Inst, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Neuropediat Unit, Stockholm, Sweden.;Uppsala Univ, Ctr Clin Res Sormland, Eskilstuna, Sweden.;Reg Sormland, Nyköping Hosp, Dept Pediat, Nyköping, Sweden..
    Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric comorbidities negatively affect outcome in children with unprovoked seizures-A non-systematic review2021In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 110, no 11, p. 2944-2950Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Children with epilepsy have at least one comorbidity in 80% of cases. This unstructured review provides insights into the most common comorbidities, their effects on seizure prognosis and treatment. We also review the epilepsy terminology and classifications. Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric comorbidities were common in children with seizures and had a negative effect on quality of life, and seizure freedom. Children with seizures were treated with drugs used for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression or psychosis, more often than the general population but less often than prevalence rates would suggested. Conclusion Multidisciplinary teams should assess comorbidities in children with epilepsy to improve their care and outcomes.

  • 25.
    Andersson, Björn
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Inflammation, Metabolism and Child Health Research.
    Markasz, Laszlo
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research.
    Mobini-Far, Hamid
    Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Engstrand Lilja, Helene
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Inflammation, Metabolism and Child Health Research.
    Vascular adhesion protein-1 expression is reduced in the intestines of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis: an observational research study2022In: BMC Pediatrics, ISSN 1471-2431, E-ISSN 1471-2431, Vol. 22, article id 640Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory bowel disease in preterm neonates with high morbidity and mortality. The only treatment available is supportive with broad-spectrum antibiotics and gastrointestinal rest. Better understanding of the pathogenesis is crucial for the development of new therapies. Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1), expressed in human blood vessels and lymphatic, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases in adults. The aim of the study was to investigate the VAP-1 expression in the intestines of infants affected by NEC.

    Methods: Intestinal tissues from 42 preterm infants with NEC were examined with immunohistochemical staining using antibodies against VAP-1 and semi-automated digital image analysis was performed to determine tissue protein expression of VAP-1 in blood vessels located in the submucosa. Intestinal tissue from 26 neonates that underwent laparotomy and ileostomy due to other intestinal surgical conditions served as controls. Clinical data and protein expression were compared between the NEC-group and Controls.

    Results: Mean gestational age was lower in NEC infants compared to controls, 26.6 +/- 3.0 gestational weeks versus 36.5 +/- 4.0 (p < 0.001) but without any significant difference in median postnatal age at surgery; for NEC 8 (5-27) days and for controls 3 (1-36) days (p = 0.6). Low VAP-1 correlated with increased risk for developing NEC in the logistic regression (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression showed that both gestational age and NEC were independent predictors of VAP-1 expression.

    Conclusion: VAP-1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of NEC. Diminished expression of VAP-1 independent of maturation could indicate arrested vascular development in infants suffering from NEC. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of VAP-1 in NEC.

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  • 26.
    Andersson, Hanna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Hellström, Per M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology.
    Frykholm, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Introducing the 6-4-0 fasting regimen and the incidence of prolonged preoperative fasting in children2018In: Pediatric Anaesthesia, ISSN 1155-5645, E-ISSN 1460-9592, Vol. 28, no 1, p. 46-52Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Children often starve for longer than recommended by current preoperative fasting guidelines.

    Aims

    We studied the effects of implementing a more lenient fasting regimen on the duration of clear fluid fasting, as well as the incidence of extended fasting in children.

    Methods

    Preoperative duration of clear fluid fasting was recorded for patients scheduled for procedures in a unit applying the standard 6-4-2 fasting regimen. This group was compared with a cohort in the same unit 1year after transitioning to a 6-4-0 fasting regimen. The latter includes no limitations on clear fluid intake until the child is called to theater. A third cohort from a unit in which the 6-4-0 fasting regimen has been implemented for over a decade was also studied for comparison.

    Results

    Patients fasting according to the 6-4-2 fasting regimen (n=66) had a median fasting time for clear fluids of 4.0h and a 33.3% incidence of fasting more than 6h. After transitioning to the 6-4-0 fasting regimen (n=64), median duration of fasting for clear fluids decreased to 1.0h, and the incidence of fasting more than 6h decreased to 6.3%. In the second unit (n=73), median fasting time was 2.2h and the proportion of patients fasting more than 6h was 21.9%.

    Conclusion

    The introduction and implementation of the 6-4-0 fasting regimen reduces median fluid fasting duration and the number of children subjected to extended fasting.

  • 27.
    Andersson, Hanna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Zarén, Björn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Frykholm, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Low incidence of pulmonary aspiration in children allowed intake of clear fluids until called to the operating suite2015In: Pediatric Anaesthesia, ISSN 1155-5645, E-ISSN 1460-9592, Vol. 25, no 8, p. 770-777Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: International guidelines recommend 2 h of clear fluid fasting prior to general anesthesia. The pediatric anesthesia unit of Uppsala University Hospital has been implementing a more liberal fasting regime for more than a decade; thus, children scheduled for elective procedures are allowed to drink clear fluids until called to the operating suite.

    AIM: To determine the incidence of perioperative pulmonary aspiration in pediatric patients allowed unlimited intake of clear fluids prior to general anesthesia.

    METHOD: Elective pediatric procedures between January 2008 and December 2013 were examined retrospectively by reviewing anesthesia charts and discharge notes in the electronic medical record system. All notes from the care event and available chest x-rays were examined for cases showing vomiting, regurgitation, and/or aspiration. Pulmonary aspiration was defined as radiological findings consistent with aspiration and/or postoperative symptoms of respiratory distress after vomiting during anesthesia.

    RESULTS: Of the 10 015 pediatric anesthetics included, aspiration occurred in three (0.03% or 3 in 10 000) cases. No case required cancellation of the surgical procedure, intensive care or ventilation support, and no deaths attributable to aspiration were found. Pulmonary aspiration was suspected, but not confirmed by radiology or continuing symptoms, in an additional 14 cases.

    CONCLUSION: Shortened fasting times may improve the perioperative experience for parents and children with a low risk of aspiration.

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  • 28.
    Andersson, Jacob
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Forensic Medicine.
    Thiblin, Ingemar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Forensic Medicine.
    It is important not to assume an aetiology for the triad before the outcomes of diagnostic investigations2018In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 107, no 8, p. 1308-1309Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 29.
    Andersson, Ola
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Between the sheets - or how to keep babies warm2018In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 107, no 8, p. 1300-1301Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Andersson, Ola
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Effects of Delayed versus Early Cord Clamping on Healthy Term Infants2013Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this thesis was to study maternal and infant effects of delayed cord clamping (≥180 seconds, DCC) compared to early (≤10 seconds, ECC) in a randomised controlled trial. Practice and guidelines regarding when to clamp the cord vary globally, and different meta-analyses have shown contradictory conclusions on benefits and disadvantages of DCC and ECC.

    The study population consisted of 382 term infants born after normal pregnancies and randomised to DCC or ECC after birth. The primary objective was iron stores and iron deficiency at 4 months of age, but the thesis was designed to investigate a wide range of suggested effects associated with cord clamping.

    Paper I showed that DCC was associated with improved iron stores at 4 months (45% higher ferritin) and that the incidence of iron deficiency was reduced from 5.7% to 0.6%. Neonatal anaemia at 2-3 days was less frequent in the DCC group, 1.2% vs. 6.3%. There were no differences between the groups in respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, or hyperbilirubinaemia.

    In paper II we demonstrated that DCC versus ECC was not associated with higher risk for maternal post partum haemorrhage and rendered a comparable ratio of valid umbilical artery blood gas samples.

    In paper III, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire was used to assess neurodevelopment at 4 months. The total scores did not differ, but the DCC group had a higher score in the problem-solving domain and a lower score in the personal-social domain. Immunoglobulin G level was 0.7 g/L higher in the DCC group at 2–3 days, but did not differ at 4 months. Symptoms of infection up to 4 months were comparable between groups.

    Finally, in paper IV, iron stores and neurodevelopment were similar between groups at 12 months. Gender specific outcome on neurodevelopment at 12 months was discovered, implying positive effects from DCC on boys and negative on girls.

    We conclude that delaying umbilical cord clamping for 180 seconds is safe and associated with a significantly reduced risk for iron deficiency at 4 months, which may have neurodevelopmental effects at a later age.

    List of papers
    1. Effect of delayed versus early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal outcomes and iron status at 4 months: a randomised controlled trial
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effect of delayed versus early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal outcomes and iron status at 4 months: a randomised controlled trial
    2011 (English)In: The BMJ, E-ISSN 1756-1833, Vol. 343, p. d7157-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clamping, on infant iron status at 4 months of age in a European setting.

    Design: Randomised controlled trial.

    Setting: Swedish county hospital.

    Participants: 400 full term infants born after a low risk pregnancy.

    Intervention: Infants were randomised to delayed umbilical cord clamping (>= 180 seconds after delivery) or early clamping (<= 10 seconds after delivery).

    Main outcome measures: Haemoglobin and iron status at 4 months of age with the power estimate based on serum ferritin levels. Secondary outcomes included neonatal anaemia, early respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, and need for phototherapy.

    Results: At 4 months of age, infants showed no significant differences in haemoglobin concentration between the groups, but infants subjected to delayed cord clamping had 45% (95% confidence interval 23% to 71%) higher mean ferritin concentration (117 mu g/L v 81 mu g/L, P<0.001) and a lower prevalence of iron deficiency (1 (0.6%) v 10 (5.7%), P=0.01, relative risk reduction 0.90; number needed to treat=20 (17 to 67)). As for secondary outcomes, the delayed cord clamping group had lower prevalence of neonatal anaemia at 2 days of age (2 (1.2%) v 10 (6.3%), P=0.02, relative risk reduction 0.80, number needed to treat 20 (15 to 111)). There were no significant differences between groups in postnatal respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, or hyperbilirubinaemia requiring phototherapy.

    Conclusions: Delayed cord clamping, compared with early clamping, resulted in improved iron status and reduced prevalence of iron deficiency at 4 months of age, and reduced prevalence of neonatal anaemia, without demonstrable adverse effects. As iron deficiency in infants even without anaemia has been associated with impaired development, delayed cord clamping seems to benefit full term infants even in regions with a relatively low prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia.

    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-168430 (URN)10.1136/bmj.d7157 (DOI)000299016400004 ()
    Available from: 2012-02-10 Created: 2012-02-10 Last updated: 2023-08-28Bibliographically approved
    2. Effects of delayed compared with early umbilical cord clamping on maternal postpartum hemorrhage and cord blood gas sampling: a randomized trial
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effects of delayed compared with early umbilical cord clamping on maternal postpartum hemorrhage and cord blood gas sampling: a randomized trial
    Show others...
    2013 (English)In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6349, E-ISSN 1600-0412, Vol. 92, no 5, p. 567-574Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Objective

    To investigate the effect of delayed cord clamping (DCC) compared with early cord clamping (ECC) on maternal postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and umbilical cord blood gas sampling.

    Design

    Secondary analysis of a parallel-group, single-center, randomized controlled trial.

    Setting

    Swedish county hospital.

    Population

    382 term deliveries after a low-risk pregnancy.

    Methods

    Deliveries were randomized to DCC (≥180 seconds, n = 193) or ECC (≤10 seconds, n = 189). Maternal blood loss was estimated by the midwife. Samples for blood gas analysis were taken from one umbilical artery and the umbilical vein, from the pulsating unclamped cord in the DCC group and from the double-clamped cord in the ECC group. Samples were classified as valid when the arterial-venous difference was -0.02 or less for pH and 0.5 kPa or more for pCO2.

    Main outcome measures

    PPH and proportion of valid blood gas samples.

    Results

    The differences between the DCC and ECC groups with regard to PPH (1.2%, p = 0.8) and severe PPH (-2.7%, p = 0.3) were small and non-significant. The proportion of valid blood gas samples was similar between the DCC (67%, n = 130) and ECC (74%, n = 139) groups, with 6% (95% confidence interval: -4%-16%, p = 0.2) fewer valid samples after DCC.

    Conclusions

    Delayed cord clamping, compared with early, did not have a significant effect on maternal postpartum hemorrhage or on the proportion of valid blood gas samples. We conclude that delayed cord clamping is a feasible method from an obstetric perspective.

    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Research subject
    Medical Science; Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Pediatrics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-196866 (URN)10.1111/j.1600-0412.2012.01530.x (DOI)000319060200011 ()22913332 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2013-03-14 Created: 2013-03-14 Last updated: 2017-12-06Bibliographically approved
    3. Effects of delayed cord clamping on neurodevelopment and infection at four months of age: a randomised trial
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effects of delayed cord clamping on neurodevelopment and infection at four months of age: a randomised trial
    2013 (English)In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 102, no 5, p. 525-531Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    AIM:

    To investigate the effect that delayed and early umbilical cord clamping have on neurodevelopment, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and symptoms of infection during the first 4 months of life.

    METHODS:

    Full-term infants (n = 382) were randomised to delayed (≥180 sec) or early cord clamping (≤10 sec). The Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) was used to assess neurodevelopment at 4 months. Immunoglobulin G was measured at birth, 2-3 days and 4 months. Parents recorded any symptoms indicating infection during the first 4 months of life.

    RESULTS:

    The total scores from the ASQ did not differ between groups. However, the delayed cord clamping (DCC) group had a higher mean (SD) score in the problem-solving domain [55.3 (7.2) vs. 53.5 (8.2), p = 0.03] at 4 months and a lower mean (SD) score in the personal-social domain [49.5 (9.3) vs. 51.8 (8.1), p = 0.01]. The IgG level was higher in the DCC group at 2-3 days (11.7 vs. 11.0 g/L, p = 0.004), but did not differ between the groups at 4 months. Symptoms of infection were comparable between the groups.

    CONCLUSION:

    Delayed cord clamping did not affect overall neurodevelopment or symptoms of infection up to 4 months of age, but may have an impact on specific neurodevelopmental domains.

    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Research subject
    Pediatrics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-196867 (URN)10.1111/apa.12168 (DOI)000317361400029 ()23336628 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2013-03-14 Created: 2013-03-14 Last updated: 2017-12-06Bibliographically approved
    4. A randomized trial of delayed versus early cord clamping: iron status and neurodevelopment at 12 months of age
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>A randomized trial of delayed versus early cord clamping: iron status and neurodevelopment at 12 months of age
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: To investigate effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, as compared to early, on iron status and infant development at 12 months of age.

    Study design: Term infants (n = 382) were randomly assigned to delayed (≥180 sec) or early (≤10 sec) umbilical cord clamping. Follow up at 12 months of age included evaluation of iron status (ferritin, transferrin saturation, transferrin receptor, reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent and mean cell volume) and parental assessment of neurodevelopment by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire.

    Results: At 12 months 347 infants were assessed. The two randomization groups did not differ in iron status or in neurodevelopment; 13 had iron deficiency and only one infant had iron deficiency anemia. Predictors of ferritin levels were infant sex and ferritin in umbilical cord blood. Predictors of ASQ were infant sex and breastfeeding within one hour after birth. For both outcomes, being a boy was associated with lower results. Interaction analysis showed that delayed cord clamping was associated with a 5 points higher ASQ score among boys, but a 12 points lower score in girls, out of a maximum of 300 points.

    Conclusions: Delayed cord clamping increases neonatal hemoglobin levels and improves iron status at four months of age, but does not affect ferritin levels or neurodevelopment assessed by ASQ in a selected population of healthy term born infants. However, minor effects on neurodevelopment may not be possible to demonstrate with the size of the study population and the chosen method for assessment. The current data indicate that effects of delayed cord clamping may differ according to infant sex and that boys may benefit more from delayed cord clamping than girls.

    National Category
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Research subject
    Pediatrics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-198166 (URN)
    Available from: 2013-04-10 Created: 2013-04-10 Last updated: 2013-08-30
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  • 31.
    Andersson, Ola
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    The transition to extra-uterine life by extremely preterm infants: handle with care2016In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 105, no 4, p. 337-338Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Andersson, Ola
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Domellof, Magnus
    Andersson, Dan
    Hellström-Westas, Lena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Effect of Delayed vs Early Umbilical Cord Clamping on Iron Status and Neurodevelopment at Age 12 Months A Randomized Clinical Trial2014In: JAMA PEDIATR, ISSN 2168-6203, Vol. 168, no 6, p. 547-554Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IMPORTANCE Prevention of iron deficiency in infancy may promote neurodevelopment. Delayed cord clamping (DCC) can prevent iron deficiency during the first 6 months of life. However, no data are available on long-term effects on infant outcomes in relation to time for umbilical cord clamping. OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of DCC, as compared with early cord clamping (ECC), on infant iron status and neurodevelopment at age 12 months in a European setting. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized clinical trial of 382 full-term infants born after a low-risk pregnancy at a Swedish county hospital. Follow-up at 12 months included evaluation of iron status (ferritin level, transferrin saturation, transferrin receptor level, reticulocyte hemoglobin level, and mean cell volume) and parental assessment of neurodevelopment by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, second edition (ASQ). INTERVENTIONS Infants were randomized to DCC (>= 180 seconds after delivery) or ECC (<= 10 seconds after delivery). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcome was iron status at age 12 months; the secondary outcome was ASQ score. RESULTS In total, 347 of 382 infants (90.8%) were assessed. The DCC and ECC groups did not differ in iron status (mean ferritin level, 35.4 vs 33.6 ng/mL, respectively; P =.40) or neurodevelopment (mean ASQ total score, 229.6 vs 233.1, respectively; P =.42) at age 12 months. Predictors of ferritin levels were infant sex and ferritin in umbilical cord blood. Predictors of ASQ score were infant sex and breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth. For both outcomes, being a boy was associated with lower results. Interaction analysis showed that DCC was associated with an ASQ score 5 points higher among boys (mean [SD] score, 229 [43] for DCC vs 224 [39] for ECC) but 12 points lower among girls (mean [SD] score, 230 [39] for DCC vs 242 [36] for ECC), out of a maximum of 300 points (P =.04 for the interaction term). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Delayed cord clamping did not affect iron status or neurodevelopment at age 12 months in a selected population of healthy term-born infants. However, it may not be possible to demonstrate minor effects on neurodevelopment with the size of the study population and the chosen method for assessment. The current data indicate that sex may influence the effects on infant development after DCC in different directions. The magnitude and biological reason for this finding remain to be investigated.

  • 33.
    Andersson, Ola
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Department of Research and Development, Region Halland, Sweden.
    Hellström-Westas, Lena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Elective caesarean: does delay in cord clamping for 30 s ensure sufficient iron stores at 4 months of age? A historical cohort control study2016In: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 6, no 11, article id e012995Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To compare iron stores in infants born after elective caesarean section (CS) and a 30 s delay of umbilical cord clamping with those born vaginally after early (≤10 s) or delayed (≥180 s) cord clamping.

    DESIGN: Prospective observational study with historical control.

    SETTING: Swedish county hospital.

    POPULATION: 64 infants born after elective CS were compared with a historical control of 166 early clamped and 168 delayed clamped after vaginal birth.

    METHODS: Blood and iron status were measured in blood samples collected at birth, 48-96 hours after birth, 4 and 12 months of age.

    PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Ferritin at 4 months of age was the primary outcome, second outcome measures were other indicators of iron status, and haemoglobin, at 4 and 12 months of age, as well as respiratory distress at 1 and 6 hours after birth.

    RESULTS: At 4 months infants born by elective CS had better iron status than those born vaginally subjected to early cord clamping, shown by higher adjusted mean difference of ferritin concentration (39 µg/L (95% CI 10 to 60)) and mean cell volume (1.8 fL (95% CI 0.6 to 3.0)); and lower levels of transferrin receptors (-0.39 mg/L (95% CI -0.69 to -0.08)). No differences were seen between infants born after elective CS and delayed clamped vaginally born infants at 4 months. No differences were found between groups at 12 months of age.

    CONCLUSIONS: Waiting to clamp the umbilical cord for 30 s after elective CS results in higher iron stores at 4 months of age compared with early cord clamping after vaginal birth, and seems to ensure iron status comparable with those achieved after 180 s delayed cord clamping after vaginal birth.

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  • 34.
    Andersson, Ola
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Lindquist, Barbro
    Hosp Halland, Habilitat Ctr, Halmstad, Sweden..
    Lindgren, Magnus
    Lund Univ, Dept Psychol, Lund, Sweden..
    Stjernqvist, Karin
    Lund Univ, Dept Psychol, Lund, Sweden..
    Domellof, Magnus
    Umea Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Pediat Unit, Umea, Sweden..
    Hellström-Westas, Lena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Effect of Delayed Cord Clamping on Neurodevelopment at 4 Years of Age A Randomized Clinical Trial2015In: JAMA pediatrics, ISSN 2168-6203, E-ISSN 2168-6211, Vol. 169, no 7, p. 631-638Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IMPORTANCE Prevention of iron deficiency in infancy may promote neurodevelopment. Delayuci umbilical cord clamping (CC) prevents iron deficiency at 4 to 6 months of age, but long-term effects after 12 months of age have not been reported. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of delayed CC compared with early CC on neurodevelopment at 4 years of age. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Follow-up of a randomized clinical trial conducted from April 16, 2008, through May 21, 2010, at a Swedish county hospital. Children who were included in the original study (n = 382) as full-term infants born after a low-risk pregnancy were invited to return for follow-up at 4 years of age. Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-111) and Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Movement ABC) scores (collected between April 18, 2012, and July 5, 2013) were assessed by a blinded psychologist. Between April 11, 2012, and August 13, 2013, parents recorded their child's development using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ) and behavior using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. All data were analyzed by intention to treat. INTERVENTIONS Randomization to delayed CC (>= 180 seconds after delivery) or early CC (<= 10 seconds after delivery). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcome was full-scale IQ as assessed by the were development as assessed by the scales from the WPPSI-III and Movement ABC, development as recorded using the ASQ, and behavior using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. RESULTS We assessed 263 children (68.8%). No differences were found in WPPSI-III scores between groups. Delayed CC improved the adjusted mean differences (AMDs) in the ASQ personal-social (AMD, 2.8; 95% Cl, 0.8-4.7) and fine-motor (AMD, 2.1; 95% Cl, 0.2-4.0) domains and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire prosocial subscale (AMD, 0.5; 95% Cl, >0.0-0.9). Fewer children in the delayed-CC group had results below the cutoff in the ASQ fine-motor domain (11.0% vs 3.7%; P =.02) and the Movement ABC bicycle-trail task (12.9% vs 3.8%; P =.02). Boys who received delayed CC had significantly higher AMDs in the WPPSI-III processing-speed quotient (AMD, 4.2; 95% Cl, 0.8-7.6; P =.02), Movement ABC bicycle-trail task (AMD, 0.8; 95% Cl, 0.1-1.5; P =.03), and fine-motor (AMD, 4.7; 95% Cl, 1.0-8.4; P =.01) and personal-social (AMD, 4.9; 95% Cl, 1.6-8.3; P =.004) domains of the ASQ. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Delayed CC compared with early CC improved scores in the fine-motor at 4 years of age, especially in boys, indicating that optimizing the time to CC may affect neurodevelopment in a low-risk population of children born in a high-income country.

  • 35.
    Andersson, Åsa C.
    et al.
    Karolinska University Hospital, Division of Paediatrics, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Nydert, Per
    Karolinska University Hospital, Division of Paediatrics, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Paulsson, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric oncology research with a special focus on side effects.
    Preparing paediatric medicines by dissolving tablets and extracting a portion may compromise dosing accuracy2023In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 112, no 12, p. 2560-2562Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 36.
    Ang, Christofer
    et al.
    Soder Sjukhuset, Sachs Childrens Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, Div Pediat, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Zetterstrom, Rolf H.
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Ctr Inherited Metab Dis, Med Diagnost Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Div Inborn Errors Endocrinol & Metab, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ramme, Kim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health. Uppsala Univ Hosp, Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Hematol & Oncol, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Axelsen, Emma
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Astrid Lindgren Childrens Hosp, Sect Pediat Hematol Immunol & HCT, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Marits, Per
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Med Diagnost Ctr, Dept Clin Immunol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sundin, Mikael
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, Div Pediat, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Univ Hosp, Astrid Lindgren Childrens Hosp, Sect Pediat Hematol Immunol & HCT, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Case report: IKZF1-related early-onset CID is expected to be missed in TREC-based SCID screening but can be identified by determination of KREC levels2023In: Frontiers in Immunology, E-ISSN 1664-3224, Vol. 14, article id 1257581Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This report illustrates a case that would have been missed in the most common screening algorithms used worldwide in newborn screening (NBS) for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Our patient presented with a clinical picture that suggested a severe inborn error of immunity (IEI). The 6-month-old baby had normal T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) levels but no measurable level of kappa-deleting recombination excision circles (KRECs) in the NBS sample. A de novo IKZF1-mutation (c.476A>G, p.Asn159Ser) was found. The clinical picture, immunologic workup, and genetic result were consistent with IKZF1-related combined immunodeficiency (CID). Our patient had symptomatic treatment and underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). IKZF1-related CID is a rare, serious, and early-onset disease; this case provides further insights into the phenotype, including KREC status.

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  • 37.
    Angelhoff, Charlotte
    et al.
    Linkoping Univ, Div Nursing Sci, Dept Social & Welf Studies, Norrkoping, Sweden;Linkoping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden;Linkoping Univ, Dept Paediat, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Blomqvist, Ylva Thernström
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research.
    Helmer, Charlotte Sahlen
    Linkoping Univ, Div Nursing Sci, Dept Social & Welf Studies, Norrkoping, Sweden;Linkoping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden;Linkoping Univ, Dept Paediat, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Olsson, Emma
    Orebro Univ, Dept Pediat, Orebro, Sweden;Orebro Univ, Ctr Hlth Care Sci, Orebro, Sweden.
    Shorey, Shefaly
    Natl Univ Singapore, Natl Univ Hlth Syst, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Alice Lee Ctr Nursing Studies, Singapore, Singapore.
    Frostell, Anneli
    Linkoping Univ, Div Psychol, Dept Behav Sci & Learning, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Mörelius, Evalotte
    Linkoping Univ, Div Nursing Sci, Dept Social & Welf Studies, Norrkoping, Sweden;Linkoping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Effect of skin-to-skin contact on parents' sleep quality, mood, parent-infant interaction and cortisol concentrations in neonatal care units: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial2018In: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 8, no 7, article id e021606Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Separation after preterm birth is a major stressor for infants and parents. Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is a method of care suitable to use in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to minimise separation between parents and infants. Less separation leads to increased possibilities for parent-infant interaction, provided that the parents' sleep quality is satisfactory. We aimed to evaluate the effect of continuous SSC on sleep quality and mood in parents of preterm infants born <33 weeks of gestation as well as the quality of parent-infant interaction and salivary cortisol concentrations at the time of discharge.

    Methods and analysis: A randomised intervention study with two arms-intervention versus standard care. Data will be collected from 50 families. Eligible families will be randomly allocated to intervention or standard care when transferred from the intensive care room to the family-room in the NICU. The intervention consists of continuous SSC for four consecutive days and nights in the family-room. Data will be collected every day during the intervention and again at the time of discharge from the hospital. Outcome measures comprise activity tracker (Actigraph); validated self-rated questionnaires concerning sleep, mood and bonding; observed scorings of parental sensitivity and emotional availability and salivary cortisol. Data will be analysed with pairwise, repeated measures, Mann Whitney U-test will be used to compare groups and analysis of variance will be used to adjust for different hospitals and parents' gender.

    Ethics and dissemination: The study is approved by the Regional Research Ethics Board at an appropriate university (2016/89-31). The results will be published in scientific journals. We will also use conferences and social media to disseminate our findings.

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  • 38.
    Angsten, Gertrud
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Danielson, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Kassa, Ann-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Lilja, Helene Engstrand
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Outcome of laparoscopic versus open gastrostomy in children2015In: Pediatric surgery international (Print), ISSN 0179-0358, E-ISSN 1437-9813, Vol. 31, no 11, p. 1067-1072Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Laparoscopic gastrostomy (LAPG) has gained popularity in children. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of LAPG versus open gastrostomy (OG) in children with focus on complications, operative times and postoperative length of stay. Retrospective study of children who had gastrostomies inserted at our tertiary Pediatric Surgery Center from 2000 until 2013. The indications for a gastrostomy were an anticipated need for enteral support for at least 6 months. Totally 243 children were included in the study, 83 with LAPG and 160 with OG. We found a significant difference in postoperative length of stay, 3 days in the LAPG group versus 4 days in the OG group but no difference in a sub-group analysis from 2010 to 2013 when both techniques were used. There was no difference in median operative time or complications rates. Granuloma was the dominating complication in both groups. These two feeding-access techniques are comparable regarding complications, operative times and postoperative length of stay. The choice of surgical method should be individualized based on the patient's characteristics and the experience of the surgeon. The favorable results with LAPG in adults are not necessarily transferable to children since there are physiological and anatomical differences.

  • 39.
    Angsten, Gertrud
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Finkel, Yigael
    Lucas, Steven
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Kassa, Ann-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Paulsson, Mattias
    Engstrand Lilja, Helene
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Improved outcome in neonatal short bowel syndrome using parenteral fish oil in combination With ω-6/9 Lipid Emulsions2012In: JPEN - Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, ISSN 0148-6071, E-ISSN 1941-2444, Vol. 36, no 5, p. 587-595Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Newborn infants with short bowel syndrome (SBS) represent a high risk group of developing intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) which may be fatal. However, infants have a great capacity for intestinal growth and adaptation if IFALD can be prevented or reversed. A major contributing factor to IFALD may be the soybean oil-based intravenous lipid emulsions used since the introduction of parenteral nutrition (PN) 40 years ago.

    Methods:

    This retrospective study compares the outcome in 20 neonates with SBS treated with parenteral fish oil (Omegaven) in combination with omega-6/9 lipid emulsions (ClinOleic) with the outcome in a historical cohort of 18 patients with SBS who received a soybean oil-based intravenous lipid emulsion (Intralipid).

    Results:

    Median gestational age was 26 weeks in the treatment group and 35.5 weeks in the historical group. All patients were started on PN containing Intralipid that was switched to ClinOleic/Omegaven in the treatment group at a median age of 39 gestational weeks. In the treatment group, direct bilirubin levels were reversed in all 14 survivors with cholestasis (direct bilirubin >50 umol/). Median time to reversal was 2.9 months. Only 2 patients died of liver failure (10%).  In the historical cohort, 6 patients (33%) died of liver failure and only 2 patients showed normalization of bilirubin levels.

    Conclusions:

    Parenteral fish oil in combination with omega-6/9 lipid emulsions was associated with improved outcome in premature neonates with SBS. When used instead of traditional soybean-based emulsions, this mixed lipid emulsion may facilitate intestinal adaptation by increasing the IFALD-free period.

  • 40.
    Angsten, Gertrud
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Gustafson, Elisabet
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Dahl, Niklas
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medicinsk genetik och genomik.
    Christofferson, Rolf H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Resolution of infantile intestinal pseudo-obstruction in a boy2017In: Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports, E-ISSN 2213-5766, Vol. 24, p. 28-34Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A term boy with spontaneous passage of meconium exhibited episodes of abdominal distension and diarrhea. Due to failure to thrive and suspicion of Hischsprung's disease he was referred to our university hospital at five months of age. Rectal biopsies were normal. Laparotomy revealed dilation of the small bowel and colon without any mechanical obstruction. Full thickness bowel biopsies were taken and a loop ileostomy was constructed. Histopathology revealed fibrosing myopathy, Cajal cell hypertrophy, and neuronal degeneration in both the large and small bowel. The small bowel showed mastocytosis without inflammation. A central venous catheter was placed for vascular access, replaced three times and later switched to a subcutaneous venous port. Catheters were locked after use with vancomycin-heparin and later taurolidine. The individually tailored home parenteral nutrition contained unsaturated fatty acid lipids to reduce cholestasis. Initial insufficient growth was improved after correction of partial parenteral nutrition based on a metabolic balance study. The ileostomy was revised once and finally taken down at 11 years of age following one year without parenteral support. At follow-up at 13 years of age he has episodes of moderate abdominal pain and has entered puberty and reports a high quality of life. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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  • 41.
    Annerbäck, Eva-Maria
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD). Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Svedin, Carl Göran
    Barnafrid, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Dahlström, Örjan
    Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Child physical abuse: factors influencing the associations between self-reported exposure and self-reported health problems2018In: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, E-ISSN 1753-2000, Vol. 12, article id 38Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Child physical abuse (CPA) is an extensive public health problem because of its associations with poor health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine which of the background factors of CPA committed by a parent or other caregiver relates to self-reported poor health among girls and boys (13; 15 and 17 years old): perpetrator, last year exposure; severity and frequency; socioeconomic load and foreign background.

    Methods: In a cross-sectional study in a Swedish county (n = 8024) a path analysis was performed to evaluate a model where all background variables were put as predictors of three health-status variables: mental; physical and general health problems. In a second step a log linear analysis was performed to examine how the distribution over the health-status categories was different for different combinations of background factors.

    Results: Children exposed to CPA reported poor health to a much higher extent than those who were not exposed. In the path analysis it was found that frequency and severity of abuse (boys only) and having experienced CPA during the last year, was significantly associated with poor health as well as socioeconomic load in the families. Foreign background was significantly negatively associated with all three health indicators especially for girls. Neither mother nor father as perpetrator remained significant in the path analysis, while the results from the log linear analyses showed that mother-abuse did in fact relate to poor general health and mental as well as physical health problems among boys and girls. Father-abuse was associated with poor mental health if severe abuse was reported. Poor mental health was also associated with mild father-abuse if exposure during the last year was reported.

    Conclusion: Despite the limitations that cross-sectional studies imply, this study provides new knowledge about factors associated with poor health among physically abused children. It describes details of CPA that have significant associations to different aspects of poor health and thus what needs to be addressed by professionals within mental health providers and social services. Understanding how different factors may contribute to different health outcomes for exposed children is important in future research and needs further studies.

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  • 42.
    Anttonen, Julia
    et al.
    Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Dept Pediat & Adolescence, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Hosp Oulu, Oulu, Finland..
    Remes, Tiina
    Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Dept Pediat & Adolescence, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Hosp Oulu, Oulu, Finland.;Helsinki Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat & Adolescence, Helsinki, Finland..
    Arikoski, Pekka
    Univ Eastern Finland, Kuopio Pediat Res Unit, Kuopio, Finland.;Kuopio Univ Hosp, Kuopio, Finland..
    Lähteenmäki, Päivi
    Turku Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Turku, Finland.;Turku Univ, Turku, Finland..
    Arola, Mikko
    Tampere Univ Hosp, Fac Med & Life Sci, Dept Pediat, Tampere, Finland.;Univ Tampere, Tampere, Finland..
    Harila-Saari, Arja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric oncological and neurological research.
    Lönnqvist, Tuula
    Helsinki Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat & Adolescence, Helsinki, Finland..
    Pokka, Tytti
    Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Dept Pediat & Adolescence, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Hosp Oulu, Oulu, Finland..
    Riikonen, Pekka
    Univ Eastern Finland, Kuopio Pediat Res Unit, Kuopio, Finland.;Kuopio Univ Hosp, Kuopio, Finland..
    Sirkiä, Kirsti
    Helsinki Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat & Adolescence, Helsinki, Finland..
    Rantala, Heikki
    Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Dept Pediat & Adolescence, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Hosp Oulu, Oulu, Finland..
    Ojaniemi, Marja
    Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Dept Pediat & Adolescence, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Hosp Oulu, Oulu, Finland..
    Pre- and postdiagnosis growth failure, adult short stature, and untreated growth hormone deficiency in radiotherapy-treated long-term survivors of childhood brain tumor2022In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 17, no 9, article id e0274274Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    Growth failure is common in radiotherapy-treated long-term survivors of pediatric brain tumors, but studies on longitudinal growth in this patient group are lacking. Here, the aim was to assess the changes in growth patterns before and after brain tumor diagnosis, the adult height, and the risk factors for compromised growth. The incidence and treatment practices of growth hormone deficiency were analyzed.

    Methods

    A cohort of 73 survivors of childhood brain tumor (median age 27.2 years, range 16.2 to 43.8 years) was studied after a median follow-up period of 20.4 years from diagnosis (IQR 14.9 to 22.9 years). Patients were treated in five university hospitals in Finland between 1970 and 2008. Growth curves, final height, and patient- and disease-related risk factors for compromised growth during different growth periods were analyzed. Laboratory analyses for IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were performed at the follow-up.

    Results

    Growth failure was evident at diagnosis, with a mean height decline of -0.6 SDS (standard deviation score) from birth (95% CI -1.15 to -0.05). Mean height SDS decline after the diagnosis was -1.09 SDS (95%CI -1.51 to -0.66). At follow-up, 37% of the study subjects (27/73) had true short stature (height < -2 SDS). The mean height deficit corrected for target height was -1.9 SDS (95% CI -1.45 to -2.40). Growth failure was associated with the age at diagnosis, corticosteroid dose, radiotherapy modality and mean dose of irradiation in the thalamic area. Low IGF-1 level (below -2.0 SDS) was found in 32% (23/72), and untreated growth hormone deficiency in 40% (29/72) of the subjects.

    Conclusion

    Longitudinal growth impairment was common in radiotherapy-treated survivors of childhood brain tumor, resulting in compromised adult height. Loss of growth potential was evident already at diagnosis and further accelerated by the treatments. At young adulthood, unrecognized growth hormone deficiency was common.

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  • 43.
    Arana Håkanson, Cecilia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Fredriksson, Fanny
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery. Univ Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Surg, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Engstrand Lilja, Helene
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery. Univ Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Surg, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and educational level in adolescent and adult individuals after anesthesia and abdominal surgery during infancy2020In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 15, no 10, article id e0240891Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: Several studies in animal models have found that exposure to anesthetics in early life can cause cognitive dysfunction. Human studies show conflicting results and studies of cognitive function after anesthesia and neonatal surgery are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate whether exposure to anesthesia and abdominal surgery during infancy was associated with cognitive dysfunction from the perspective of educational level, disposable income and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) in adolescent and adult individuals.

    Methods: A cohort study with patients born 1976 to 2002 that underwent abdominal surgery during infancy at a pediatric surgical center were matched by age, sex, and gestational age to ten randomly selected individuals from the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Individuals with chromosomal aberrations were excluded. Data on highest level of education and annual disposable income were attained from Statistics Sweden and the diagnosis of ADHD were retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register.

    Results: 485 individuals and 4835 controls were included. Median gestational age was 38 weeks (24-44) and median age at surgery was seven days (0-365). Three hundred sixty-six individuals (70.0%) underwent surgery during the neonatal period (< 44 gestational weeks). Median operating time was 80 minutes (10-430). The mean age at follow-up was 28 years. Fisher's exact test for highest level of education for the exposed and unexposed groups were respectively: university 35% and 33%, upper secondary 44% and 47%, compulsory 21% and 20% (p = 0.6718). The median disposable income was 177.7 versus 180.9 TSEK respectively (p = 0.7532). Exposed individuals had a prevalence of ADHD of 5.2% and unexposed 4.4% (p = 0.4191).

    Conclusions: This study shows that exposure to anesthesia and abdominal surgery during infancy is not associated with cognitive dysfunction from the perspective of educational level, disposable income and ADHD in adolescent and adult individuals. Further studies in larger cohorts at earlier gestational ages are needed to verify these findings.

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  • 44.
    Aranda, Carolina S.
    et al.
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Cocco, Renata
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Pierotti, Felipe
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Mallozi, Marcia Carvalho
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Planalto Paulista, Brazil..
    Wandalsen, Neusa F.
    Fac Med ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil..
    Franco, Jackeline Motta
    Univ Fed Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil..
    Moraes, Lillian L.
    Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Brazil..
    Goudouris, Ekaterine S.
    Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, IPPMG, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil..
    Porto Neto, Arnaldo Carlos
    Sch Med UPF, Passo Fundo, Brazil..
    Sarinho, Emanuel S.
    Univ Fed Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil..
    Rosario, Nelson Augusto
    Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil..
    Pastorino, Antonio Carlos
    Univ Sao Paulo, Santana, Brazil..
    Sano, Flavio
    Hosp Nipo Brasileiro, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Freitas Silva Chavarria, Maria Leticia
    Edificio Clin, Goiania, Go, Brazil..
    Borres, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research. Thermofisher Sci, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Sole, Dirceu
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Allergic diseases in childhood: What allergic sensitization can teach us?2018In: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, ISSN 0091-6749, E-ISSN 1097-6825, Vol. 141, no 2, p. AB281-AB281Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Aranda, Carolina S.
    et al.
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Cocco, Renata R.
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Pierotti, Felipe F.
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Mallozi, Marcia Carvalho
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.;Fac Med ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil..
    Franco, Jackeline M.
    Univ Fed Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil..
    Porto, Arnaldo
    Univ Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil..
    Goudouris, Ekaterini
    Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil..
    Moraes, Lilian
    Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Brazil..
    Rosario, Nelson
    Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil..
    Wandalsen, Neusa Falbo
    Fac Med ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil..
    Pastorino, Antonio
    Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Sarinho, Emanuel
    Univ Fed Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil..
    Sano, Flavio
    Nipo Brasileiro Hosp, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Chavarria, Maria Leticia
    Univ Fed Goias, Goiania, Go, Brazil..
    Borres, Magnus P
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research. Thermo Fisher Sci, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Sole, Dirceu
    Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil..
    Increased sensitization to several allergens over a 12-year period in Brazilian children2018In: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, ISSN 0905-6157, E-ISSN 1399-3038, Vol. 29, no 3, p. 321-324Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 46.
    Armuand, G. M.
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Nilsson, J.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Rodriguez-Wallberg, K. A.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Oncol Pathol, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Univ Hosp, Reprod Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Malmros, J.
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Astrid Lindgren Childrens Hosp, Paediat Oncol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Arvidson, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Lampic, C.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wettergren, L.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Physicians' self-reported practice behaviour regarding fertility-related discussions in paediatric oncology in Sweden2017In: Psycho-Oncology, ISSN 1057-9249, E-ISSN 1099-1611, Vol. 26, no 10, p. 1684-1690Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate practice behaviours of Swedish physicians with regard to discussing the impact of cancer treatment on fertility with paediatric oncology patients and their parents, and to identify factors associated with such discussions.

    Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted targeting all physicians in Sweden working in paediatric oncology care settings. Participants responded to a questionnaire measuring practice behaviour, attitudes, barriers, and confidence in knowledge. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with seldom discussing fertility.

    Results: More than half of the physicians routinely talked with their patients/parents about the treatment's potential impact on fertility (male patients: 62%; female patients: 57%; P = 0.570). Factors associated with less frequently discussing fertility with patients/parents were working at a non-university hospital (male patients: OR 11.49, CI 1.98-66.67; female patients: OR 33.18, CI 4.06-271.07), concerns that the topic would cause worry (male patients: OR 8.23, CI 1.48-45.89; female patients: OR 12.38, CI 1.90-80.70), and perceiving the parents as anxious (male patients: OR 7.18, CI 1.20-42.85; female patients: OR 11.65, CI 1.32-103.17).

    Conclusions: Based on our findings, we recommend structured training in how to communicate about fertility issues in stressful situations, which in turn might increase fertility-related discussions in paediatric oncology.

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  • 47.
    Arvidsson, Patrik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, research centers etc., Centre for Research and Development, Gävleborg. Jönköping Univ, Sch Hlth & Welf, Swedish Inst Disabil Res, Jönköping, Sweden..
    Dada, Shakila
    Univ Pretoria, Ctr Augmentat & Alternat Commun, Pretoria, South Africa..
    Granlund, Mats
    Jönköping Univ, Sch Hlth & Welf, Swedish Inst Disabil Res, Jönköping, Sweden..
    Imms, Christine
    Australian Catholic Univ, Ctr Disabil & Dev Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia..
    Bornman, Juan
    Univ Pretoria, Ctr Augmentat & Alternat Commun, Pretoria, South Africa..
    Elliott, Catherine
    Curtin Univ, Sch Occupat Therapy Speech Pathol & Social Work, Perth, WA, Australia..
    Huus, Karina
    Jönköping Univ, Sch Hlth & Welf, Swedish Inst Disabil Res, Jönköping, Sweden..
    Content validity and usefulness of Picture My Participation for measuring participation in children with and without intellectual disability in South Africa and Sweden2020In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, ISSN 1103-8128, E-ISSN 1651-2014, Vol. 27, no 5, p. 336-348Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Participation comprises attendance and involvement in everyday situations. Picture My Participation (PmP) is an instrument intended to measure participation in children with disabilities, particularly in low and middle income countries. Aim: To investigate content validity and usefulness of PmP for measuring participation in children with intellectual disability (ID) in South Africa and Sweden. Methods: A picture supported interview with 149 children, 6-18 years, with and without ID. Twenty everyday activities were provided. The three most important activities were selected by the child. Attendance was rated on all activities. Involvement was rated on the most important. Results: All activities were selected as important by at least one child with ID in both countries. There were similarities in perceived importance between the children with and without ID from South Africa. The children from South Africa with ID were the only subgroup that used all scale points for rating attendance and involvement. Conclusion: The 20 selected activities of PmP were especially relevant for children with ID in South Africa. The usefulness of the scales was higher for the children with ID in both countries. PmP is promising for assessing participation across different settings but psychometrical properties and clinical utility need further exploration.

  • 48.
    Arvonen, Miika
    et al.
    Kuopio Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat, Kuopio, Finland.;Oulu Univ Hosp, Med Res Ctr, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Oulu, Finland..
    Berntson, Lillemor
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatrics.
    Pokka, Tytti
    Oulu Univ Hosp, Med Res Ctr, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Oulu, Finland.;Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Oulu, Finland..
    Karttunen, Tuomo J.
    Oulu Univ Hosp, Med Res Ctr, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Canc & Translat Med Res Unit, Oulu, Finland.;Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, Oulu, Finland..
    Vahasalo, Paula
    Oulu Univ Hosp, Med Res Ctr, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Oulu, Finland.;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Oulu, Finland.;Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Oulu, Finland..
    Stoll, Matthew L.
    Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Pediat, CPP N 210 M,1600 7th Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA..
    Gut microbiota-host interactions and juvenile idiopathic arthritis2016In: Pediatric Rheumatology, E-ISSN 1546-0096, Vol. 14, article id 44Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common form of chronic arthritis in children. There is mounting evidence that the microbiota may influence the disease. Main body: Recent observations in several systemic inflammatory diseases including JIA have indicated that abnormalities in the contents of the microbiota may be factors in disease pathogenesis, while other studies in turn have shown that environmental factors impacting the composition of the microbiota, such as delivery mode and early exposure to antibiotics, affect the risk of chronic inflammatory diseases including JIA. Microbial alterations may predispose to JIA through a variety of mechanisms, including impaired immunologic development, alterations in the balances of pro- versus anti-inflammatory bacteria, and low-grade mucosal inflammation. Additional confirmatory studies of microbiota aberrations and their risk factors are needed, as well as additional mechanistic studies linking these alterations to the disease itself. Conclusions: The microbiota may influence the risk of JIA and other systemic inflammatory conditions through a variety of mechanisms. Additional research is required to improve our understanding of the links between the microbiota and arthritis, and the treatment implications thereof.

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  • 49.
    Arwehed, Sofia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research.
    Nordic survey showed wide variation in discharge practices for very preterm infants2023Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 50.
    Arwehed, Sofia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research.
    Axelin, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, SWEDESD - Sustainability Learning and Research Centre. Department of Nursing Science University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
    Björklund, Lars J.
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Paediatrics Lund University and Skåne University Hospital Lund Sweden.
    Thernström Blomqvist, Ylva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research.
    Heiring, Christian
    Department of Neonatology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Denmark.
    Jonsson, Baldvin
    Department of Women's and Children's Health Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden.
    Klingenberg, Claus
    Paediatric Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences UiT‐The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway;Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine University Hospital of North Norway Tromsø Norway.
    Metsäranta, Marjo
    Department of Pediatrics University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital (HUH) Helsinki Finland.
    Ågren, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiology Research.
    Lehtonen, Liisa
    Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Turku University, Hospital and University of Turku Turku Finland.
    Nordic survey showed wide variation in discharge practices for very preterm infants2023In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim

    We aimed to describe clinical practices and criteria for discharge of very preterm infants in Nordic neonatal units.

    Methods

    Medical directors of all 89 level-2 and level-3 units in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden were invited by e-mail to complete a web-based multiple-choice survey with the option to make additional free-text comments.

    Results

    We received responses from 83/89 units (93%). In all responding units, discharge readiness was based mainly on clinical assessment with varying criteria. In addition, 36% used formal tests of cardiorespiratory stability and 59% used criteria related to infant weight or growth. For discharge with feeding tube, parental ability to speak the national language or English was mandatory in 45% of units, with large variation among countries. Post-discharge home visits and video-consultations were provided by 59% and 51%, respectively. In 54% of units, parental preparation for discharge were not initiated until the last two weeks of hospital stay.

    Conclusion

    Discharge readiness was based mainly on clinical assessment, with criteria varying among units despite similar population characteristics and care structures. This variation indicates a lack of evidence base and may unnecessarily delay discharge; further studies of this matter are needed. Earlier parental preparation and use of interpreters might facilitate earlier discharge.

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