Logo: to the web site of Uppsala University

uu.sePublications from Uppsala University
EnglishSvenskaNorsk
Change search
Refine search result
1234567 1 - 50 of 822
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1.
    Aarnio, Pauliina
    et al.
    Univ Tampere, Fac Social Sci Global Hlth & Dev, Kalevantie 4, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland;Univ Tampere, Med Sch, Dept Int Hlth, Tampere, Finland.
    Kulmala, Teija
    Univ Tampere, Med Sch, Child Hlth Res Unit, Tampere, Finland;Univ Tampere, Med Sch, Dept Int Hlth, Tampere, Finland.
    Olsson, Pia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Obstetrics and Reproductive Health Research.
    Husband's role in handling pregnancy complications in Mangochi District, Malawi: A call for increased focus on community level male involvement2018In: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare, ISSN 1877-5756, E-ISSN 1877-5764, Vol. 16, p. 61-66Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The objective of the current study is to provide information about husbands' role in decision-making and healthcare seeking in cases of pregnancy complications in Mangochi district, Malawi with an analysis of qualitative interviews using the concepts of "capital" and "field" from Bourdieu's social field theory. Study design: Twelve husbands and wives who had experienced pregnancy complications and six key informants from a semi-rural area of Mangochi district were interviewed individually. Thematic analysis was conducted based on the concepts of capital and field in Bourdieu's social field theory. Results: Husbands have significant economic and symbolic capital in decisions about healthcare seeking during instances of pregnancy complications as a result of their roles as father, head of the household and main income earner. Lack of money is the only acceptable reason for husbands to deny their wives healthcare. Husbands have limited access to knowledge of maternal health, which can compromise their decisions about seeking healthcare. Joint decision-making within families can be bypassed to allow for prompt healthcare seeking in emergencies. Conclusions: Husbands are important decision makers regarding seeking healthcare for pregnancy complications because of their economic and symbolic power and despite their limited access to knowledge of maternal health. Maternal healthcare seeking practices would benefit from wives gaining an empowered role as well as improved knowledge of maternal health among husbands.

    Publisher's full text
  • 2.
    Aarnio, Riina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive biology.
    Self-sampling for HPV testing in primary cervical screening: Including clinical and health economic aspects2020Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prerequisite for the development of cervical cancer. HPV testing has higher sensitivity for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+) than cytology, resulting in more effective screening. As HPV testing also offers an opportunity for self-sampling, it could serve as an even more effective and cost-effective method of cervical screening.

    First, we compared repeated self-sampling for HPV testing with Pap smear cytology in detection of CIN2+ in primary cervical screening for women aged 30–49 years (n=36 390). We found a more than twofold higher detection rate of CIN2+ and a fourfold higher detection rate of CIN2 with self-sampling compared with cytology. However, no difference was seen between the arms in the detection rate of CIN3+. It thus seems that CIN is detected at an earlier stage with self-sampling than with cytology, but the impact of this needs to be further explored.

    Second, as management of HPV-positive women with normal cytology results is a challenge, we wanted to evaluate the proportion of cases of histological CIN2+ in these women. In this prospective study we performed LEEP and found that 15% (6/40) of the women had undetected CIN2+. These findings can be used in counseling women about the risk of cervical cancer and helping clinicians in decisions on management.

    Third, we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis on the same study population as in Study I. Self-sampling for HPV testing resulted in a higher participation rate and more detected cases of CIN2+ at a lower cost and was regarded as more cost-effective than Pap smear cytology in cervical screening. These results can guide policy-makers when planning future screening programs.

    Fourth, we compared self-sampling with sampling by medical professionals for HPV testing in detection of CIN2+, using a combination of an FTA card as storage medium and a PCR-based HPV test (hpVIR) in women aged 30–60 years (n=11 951). No difference in the detection rates of histological CIN2+ was found between the arms.

    Taken together, self-sampling resulted in a higher participation rate than sampling by medical professionals in cervical screening and that triage with repeated self-sampling resulted in high compliance and detection rate of CIN2+. As repeated self-sampling for HPV testing was also cost-effective, it could serve as an attractive alternative in the development of future cervical screening programs. More research is needed on how to refine the management of HPV-positive women by self-sampling only.

    List of papers
    1. Randomised study shows that repeated self-sampling and HPV test has more than two-fold higher detection rate of women with CIN2+ histology than Pap smear cytology
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Randomised study shows that repeated self-sampling and HPV test has more than two-fold higher detection rate of women with CIN2+ histology than Pap smear cytology
    Show others...
    2018 (English)In: British Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0007-0920, E-ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 118, no 6, p. 896-904Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    This randomised study compared the detection rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia-positive (CIN2+) based on histology in women performing repeated self-sampling of vaginal fluid (VF) for human papillomavirus (HPV) test with a control group following the ordinary screening by Pap smear cytology.

    Methods:

    36390 women aged 30–49 years scheduled for invitation to organised screening were randomised in two groups, one to perform self-sampling of VF for HPV test (n=17 997, HPV arm) and the other group to perform screening by PAP smear cytology (n=18 393, control arm). HPV positive women in the HPV arm repeated the self-sampling and the HPV test on average 4.4 months later and those with two consecutive positive HPV tests were referred to colposcopy. Outcome was CIN2+ based on histology during 18-month follow-up.

    Results:

    Participation rate was 47% in the HPV arm and 39% in the control arm. The HPV prevalence in the first self-sampling was 6.9%, and 71% of these women were HPV positive in their second test. For the per-protocol approach, cumulative prevalence of histological CIN2+ in the HPV arm was 20.2 per 1000 women screened as compared to 10.8 in the control arm. The cumulative prevalence of CIN2+ diagnosed per 1000 years screened was 160.8 in the HPV arm as compared with 25.4 in the control arm.

    Conclusions:

    Repeated self-sampling of VF and HPV test had more than a two-fold higher discovery rate of CIN2+ per 1000 women screened as compared with PAP smear cytology.
    National Category
    Cancer and Oncology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-367087 (URN)10.1038/bjc.2017.485 (DOI)000427945800030 ()29438367 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research Swedish Cancer SocietySwedish Society for Medical Research (SSMF)
    Available from: 2018-11-28 Created: 2018-11-28 Last updated: 2020-03-18Bibliographically approved
    2. Diagnostic excision of the cervix in women over 40 years with human papilloma virus persistency and normal cytology
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Diagnostic excision of the cervix in women over 40 years with human papilloma virus persistency and normal cytology
    Show others...
    2019 (English)In: European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X, ISSN 2590-1613, Vol. 3, article id 100042Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as the main risk factor of cervical cancer. Investigation via cytology and colposcopy have lower sensitivity than HPV testing in the diagnosis of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+). Despite normal cytology and colposcopy findings women with persistent HPV infection have an increased risk of CIN2+. The aim of the study was to evaluate the proportion of histologically confirmed CIN2+ in women with persistent HPV infection and normal Pap smears.

    Study design: From April 2013 until March 2016 we prospectively recruited 91 women over 40 years with persistent HPV infection without any abnormalities in cytology. Of these, 40 women attended a gynecological examination including an HPV test, Pap smear, endocervical cytology, colposcopy with biopsies and diagnostic loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Biopsy and LEEP samples were subjected to histological examination.

    Results: CIN2+ was verified by histological examination of the LEEP sample in 6/40 (15%) of the women. All the cytological samples were normal and none of the biopsies confirmed CIN2+. Only 19/40 women still had a persistent HPV infection at the study visit. None of the 21/40 women who had cleared their HPV infection at the study visit had CIN2+ in histology of the LEEP sample.

    Conclusions: A persistent HPV infection needs to be monitored despite normal Pap smears, since 6/40 (15%) women older than 40 years, was revealed to have an undiagnosed CIN2+ when LEEP was performed. Counseling women regarding the risk of cervical cancer and the expected effect of an eventual LEEP can help them to make an optimal informed choice.
    Keywords
    Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, Colposcopy, Human papillomavirus, Loop electrical excision procedure, Transformation zone
    National Category
    Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-400770 (URN)10.1016/j.eurox.2019.100042 (DOI)31404426 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2020-01-02 Created: 2020-01-02 Last updated: 2020-03-18Bibliographically approved
    3. Cost-effectiveness analysis of repeated self-sampling for HPV testing in primary cervical screening: a randomized study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Cost-effectiveness analysis of repeated self-sampling for HPV testing in primary cervical screening: a randomized study
    Show others...
    2020 (English)In: BMC Cancer, E-ISSN 1471-2407, Vol. 20, no 1, article id 645Article in journal (Other academic) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is recommended in primary cervical screening to improve cancer prevention. An advantage of HPV testing is that it can be performed on self-samples, which could increase population coverage and result in a more efficient strategy to identify women at risk of developing cervical cancer. Our objective was to assess whether repeated self-sampling for HPV testing is cost-effective in comparison with Pap smear cytology for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more (CIN2+) in increasing participation rate in primary cervical screening.

    Methods

    A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) was performed on data from a previously published randomized clinical study including 36 390 women aged 30–49 years. Participants were randomized either to perform repeated self-sampling of vaginal fluid for HPV testing (n = 17 997, HPV self-sampling arm) or to midwife-collected Pap smears for cytological analysis (n = 18 393, Pap smear arm).

    Results

    Self-sampling for HPV testing led to 1633 more screened women and 107 more histologically diagnosed CIN2+ at a lower cost vs. midwife-collected Pap smears (€ 228 642 vs. € 781 139). 

    Conclusions

    This study projected that repeated self-sampling for HPV testing increased participation and detection of CIN2+ at a lower cost than midwife-collected Pap smears in primary cervical screening. Offering women a home-based self-sampling may therefore be a more cost-effective alternative than clinic-based screening.

     
    Keywords
    Self-sampling, HPV testing, primary cervical screening, cost-effectiveness, CIN2+, precancerous lesion, cervical cancer
    National Category
    Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine
    Research subject
    Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-405549 (URN)10.1186/s12885-020-07085-9 (DOI)000552814200003 ()32660432 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 2015-02711Swedish Cancer Society, 19 0008Pj 01 H
    Available from: 2020-02-28 Created: 2020-02-28 Last updated: 2024-07-04Bibliographically approved
    4. Comparison of vaginal self-sampling and cervical sampling by medical professionals for the detection of HPV and CIN2+: a randomized study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Comparison of vaginal self-sampling and cervical sampling by medical professionals for the detection of HPV and CIN2+: a randomized study
    Show others...
    2021 (English)In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 148, no 12, p. 3051-3059Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Primary screening with human papillomavirus (HPV) test is more effective in reducing cervical cancer incidence than cytology and it also offers the opportunity to self-sample. We conducted a randomized study to compare vaginal self-sampling with cervical sampling by medical professionals for HPV testing concerning prevalence of HPV and detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) of grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) or grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) in primary screening. In total, 11 951 women aged 30-60 years were randomized into two groups, 5961 for self-sampling (SS arm) and 5990 for sampling by medical professionals (SMP arm). Sampling was performed with a RoversViba-brush in the SS arm and a cytobrush in the SMP arm. All samples were applied to an indicating FTA elute card and analyzed for HPV using a clinically validated real-time PCR test (hpVIR). All HPV-positive women performed repeated sampling about 6 months later using the same procedure as used initially. All HPV-positive women in the second sampling were referred to colposcopy. The prevalence of HPV in the first test did not differ between the SS arm (6.8%, 167/2466) and the SMP arm (7.8%, 118/1519) (P = .255). The prevalence of CIN2+ per 1000 screened women was 17 (43/2466 × 1000) (95%CI 13-24) in the SS arm and 21 (32/1519 × 1000) (95%CI 15-30) in the SMP arm. For CIN3+, the prevalence per 1000 screened women was 14 (35/2466 × 1000) (95%CI 10-20) in the SS arm and 15 (23/1519 × 1000) (95%CI 10-23) in the SMP arm. In conclusion, self-sampling and sampling by medical professionals showed the same prevalence of HPV and detection rate of CIN2+ and CIN3+ in histology.
    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    John Wiley & Sons, 2021
    Keywords
    Self-sampling, HPV test, Primary cervical screening
    National Category
    Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine
    Research subject
    Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-405547 (URN)10.1002/ijc.33482 (DOI)000618718900001 ()33497465 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2020-02-28 Created: 2020-02-28 Last updated: 2024-01-15Bibliographically approved
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download (jpg)
    presentationsbild
  • 3.
    Aarnio, Riina
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive biology.
    Wikström, Ingrid
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive biology.
    Gustavsson, Inger M.
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medicinsk genetik och genomik.
    Gyllensten, Ulf B.
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medicinsk genetik och genomik.
    Olovsson, Matts
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive biology.
    Diagnostic excision of the cervix in women over 40 years with human papilloma virus persistency and normal cytology2019In: European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X, ISSN 2590-1613, Vol. 3, article id 100042Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as the main risk factor of cervical cancer. Investigation via cytology and colposcopy have lower sensitivity than HPV testing in the diagnosis of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+). Despite normal cytology and colposcopy findings women with persistent HPV infection have an increased risk of CIN2+. The aim of the study was to evaluate the proportion of histologically confirmed CIN2+ in women with persistent HPV infection and normal Pap smears.

    Study design: From April 2013 until March 2016 we prospectively recruited 91 women over 40 years with persistent HPV infection without any abnormalities in cytology. Of these, 40 women attended a gynecological examination including an HPV test, Pap smear, endocervical cytology, colposcopy with biopsies and diagnostic loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Biopsy and LEEP samples were subjected to histological examination.

    Results: CIN2+ was verified by histological examination of the LEEP sample in 6/40 (15%) of the women. All the cytological samples were normal and none of the biopsies confirmed CIN2+. Only 19/40 women still had a persistent HPV infection at the study visit. None of the 21/40 women who had cleared their HPV infection at the study visit had CIN2+ in histology of the LEEP sample.

    Conclusions: A persistent HPV infection needs to be monitored despite normal Pap smears, since 6/40 (15%) women older than 40 years, was revealed to have an undiagnosed CIN2+ when LEEP was performed. Counseling women regarding the risk of cervical cancer and the expected effect of an eventual LEEP can help them to make an optimal informed choice.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Publisher's full text
  • 4.
    Aarnivala, Henri
    et al.
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Pokka, Tytti
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Soininen, Riina
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Mottonen, Merja
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Harila-Saari, Arja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Niinimaki, Riitta
    Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Unit, Kajaanintie 52, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland.
    Trends in age- and sex-adjusted body mass index and the prevalence of malnutrition in children with cancer over 42 months after diagnosis: a single-center cohort study2020In: European Journal of Pediatrics, ISSN 0340-6199, E-ISSN 1432-1076, Vol. 179, no 1, p. 91-98Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The adequate nutritional status of pediatric cancer patients is particularly important to enable them to cope with the demands of the disease and its treatment and to maintain normal growth. Malnutrition and obesity have both been associated with reduced survival and increased drug toxicity. We investigated trends in the age- and sex-adjusted body mass index (ISO-BMI) and the prevalence of malnutrition in a Finnish cohort of 139 consecutive children receiving chemotherapy for cancer, with a follow-up period of 42 months after diagnosis. In total, 28% (39/139) of the patients experienced malnutrition (ISO-BMI < 17 or > 10% weight loss), and 12% (16/139) had a nasogastric tube or underwent gastrostomy. Patients with acute or chronic myeloid leukemia (5/10), central nervous system (CNS) tumors (5/13), or solid tumors (13/31) most frequently suffered from malnutrition. There was a significant increase in the ISO-BMI of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (+ 2.1 kg/m(2)) and lymphomas (+ 2.4 kg/m(2)) during the first 6 months, and the ISO-BMI of patients with ALL remained higher at 42 months compared to baseline (+ 1.9 kg/m(2)). Conclusion: The cumulative incidence of malnutrition in Finnish pediatric cancer patients is comparable to that reported in other populations. The nutritional status of patients with acute myeloid leukemia, CNS tumors, or solid tumors should be monitored with extra care to facilitate early intervention in the case of impending malnutrition.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
    Publisher's full text
  • 5.
    Abrahamsson, Niclas
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Ahlund, Lovisa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Ahrin, Elsa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Alfonsson, Sven
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Psychology in Healthcare.
    Video-based CBT-E improves eating patterns in obese patients with eating disorder: A single case multiple baseline study2018In: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, ISSN 0005-7916, E-ISSN 1873-7943, Vol. 61, p. 104-112Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

    Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is effective for treating eating disorders but it may be difficult to reach patients living far from urban centers. Mobile video-based psychotherapy may potentially improve service reach but has not yet been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mobile video-based CBT for eating disorder and to explore the feasibility to use this technology in clinical care.

    METHODS:

    A controlled single case multiple baseline design was used which allowed for statistical analyses with randomization tests and non-overlap of all pairs (NAP). Five patients in the first stage of eating disorder treatment were included and the main outcome variable was daily meal frequency. Secondary outcome variables included eating disorder symptoms, psychological distress and treatment satisfaction.

    RESULTS:

    The treatment resulted in a significant (p < .01) increase in daily meal frequency with medium to large effect sizes (combined NAP = .89). Four participants reported reliable improvements in eating disorder symptoms and three reported improvements in mood. The participants reported high satisfaction with the treatment and with the mobile video-application despite some technical problems.

    LIMITATIONS:

    Self-reported data on eating behavior is prone to be biased and the results of single case studies may have limited generalizability.

    CONCLUSION:

    CBT can be delivered effectively via a mobile video application and, despite some technological issues, can be well received by patients. All participants in this study had previous low access to mental health services and reported high satisfaction with the treatment format.

    Publisher's full text
  • 6.
    Agyemang, Amanda
    et al.
    Kravis Childrens Hosp, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Jaffe Food Allergy Inst, Div Allergy & Immunol,Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA.
    Saf, Sarah
    Kravis Childrens Hosp, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Jaffe Food Allergy Inst, Div Allergy & Immunol,Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA;Hop Enfants Armand Trousseau, Ctr Asthme & Allergies, Dept Allergol, Paris, France.
    Sifers, Travis
    Kravis Childrens Hosp, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Jaffe Food Allergy Inst, Div Allergy & Immunol,Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA.
    Mishoe, Michelle
    Kravis Childrens Hosp, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Jaffe Food Allergy Inst, Div Allergy & Immunol,Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA.
    Borres, Magnus P
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research. Thermo Fisher Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Sampson, Hugh A.
    Kravis Childrens Hosp, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Jaffe Food Allergy Inst, Div Allergy & Immunol,Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA.
    Nowak-Wegrzyn, Anna
    Kravis Childrens Hosp, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Jaffe Food Allergy Inst, Div Allergy & Immunol,Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA.
    Utilizing boiled milk sIgE as a predictor of baked milk tolerance in cow's milk allergic children2019In: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, ISSN 2213-2198, E-ISSN 2213-2201, Vol. 7, no 6, p. 2049-2051Article in journal (Refereed)
    Publisher's full text
  • 7.
    Ahlsten, G
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Nowinski, Daniel
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.
    Mikrocefali och makrocefali2017In: Barnneurologi / [ed] Martin Jägervall och Johan Lundgren, Studentlitteratur AB, 2017, 1, p. 223-228Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Ahlsten, Gunnar
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology. Dept of Pediatrics, Uppsala Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Nilsson, Pelle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery. Dept of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Wesslén, Nils
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery. Dept of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Axelsson, Hans
    Dept of Neuroscience, Neurophysiology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Westbom, L
    Dept of Pediatrics, Univeristy Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
    Dorsal Rhizotomy for Spasticity Management in Cerbral Palsy2018In: Cerebral Palsy / [ed] F. Miller et al, Springer International Publishing AG , 2018, p. 1-10Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a neurosurgical procedure for the relief of spasticity interfering with motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). The goal of the treatment is to improve function as well as reduce pain and discomfort related to severely increased spasticity. SDR is an ablative procedure that results in lifelong effects on function in the central nervous system. One must also be aware that performing SDR does not guarantee that other treatments for spasticity or orthopedic corrective procedures can be avoided. For SDR to be an effective treatment, it must be combined with specific physiotherapy over a long period of time. Today there exists a good body of evidence that SDR is an effective means of treating patients with the CP subtype spastic diplegia, as long as selection criteria are rigorously adhered to. The procedure is also safe with little risk of short or long-term complications. Further studies on long-term effects late in adulthood will show if the treatment effects are stable over time.

    Publisher's full text
  • 9.
    Akhter, Tansim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Larsson, Marita
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Naessén, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive biology.
    Sub-clinical atherosclerosis in the common carotid artery in women with/without previous pre-eclampsia: A seven-year follow-up2019In: Atherosclerosis, ISSN 0021-9150, E-ISSN 1879-1484, Vol. 290, p. 206-213Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pre-eclampsia is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. However, conventional common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) measurement does not reflect this. In contrast, measurement of the individual CCA intima and media thicknesses clearly indicates increased vascular risk both at diagnosis and about one year after pre-eclampsia. This study examined whether individual CCA wall layers, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and markers of endothelial dysfunction had normalized or remained unfavorable seven years after pre-eclampsia.

    METHODS: The individual CCA intima and media thicknesses were measured using 22 MHz ultrasound. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors were recorded. A thick intima, thin media and high intima/media thickness ratio (I/M) are signs of sub-clinical atherosclerosis.

    RESULTS: The median age of women with previous pre-eclampsia (cases = 23) or normal pregnancies (controls = 35) was 39/37 years. At follow-up (median about seven years), the intima remained thicker and the I/M was higher in cases than in controls [all p < 0.0001; p < 0.001 after adjustment for time to follow-up, body mass index (BMI), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)], whereas the CCA-IMT was illogically thinner. Further, BMI, MAP, hip circumference, abdominal height, serum endostatin and apolipoprotein B levels were higher in cases (all p < 0.05). Intima and I/M measurements were correlated with age, MAP, endostatin and apolipoprotein B, whereas no logical correlations were found for CCA-IMT.

    CONCLUSIONS: The arteries in cases but not controls were still adversely affected after seven years. Measuring intima thickness and I/M appears preferable to measuring CCA-IMT for demonstrating vascular risk after pre-eclampsia.

    Publisher's full text
  • 10.
    Akhter, Tansim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Gynecological endocrinology.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics.
    Larsson, Marita
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Biochemial structure and function.
    Wikström, Gerhard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Naessén, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Gynecological endocrinology.
    Association between angiogenic factors and signs of arterial aging in women with pre-eclampsia2017In: Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, ISSN 0960-7692, E-ISSN 1469-0705, Vol. 50, p. 93-99Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. In PE there is a substantial increase in levels of the anti-angiogenic factor soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt1) and decreased levels of the pro-angiogenic factor placental growth factor (PlGF). Elevated levels of sFlt1 are also found in individuals with CVD. The aims of this study were to assess sFlt1, PlGF and the sFlt1/PlGF ratio and their correlation with signs of arterial aging by measuring common carotid artery (CCA) intima and media thicknesses and their ratio (I/M ratio) in women with and without PE.

    METHODS: Serum sFlt1 and PlGF levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, and CCA intima and media thicknesses were estimated using high-frequency (22 MHz) ultrasonography in 55 women at PE diagnosis and 64 women with normal pregnancies at a similar gestational age, with reassessment one year postpartum. A thick intima, thin media and a high I/M ratio indicate a less healthy arterial wall.

    RESULTS: During pregnancy, higher levels of sFlt1, lower levels of PlGF and thicker intima, thinner media and higher I/M ratios were found in women with PE vs. controls (all p < 0.0001). Further, sFlt1 and the sFlt1/PlGF ratio were positively correlated with intima thickness and I/M ratio (all p < 0.0001), but negatively correlated with media thickness (p = 0.002 and 0.03, respectively). About one year postpartum, levels of sFlt1 and the sFlt1/PlGF ratio had decreased in both groups, but compared with controls women in the PE group still had higher levels (p = 0.001 and 0.02, respectively). Further, sFlt1 levels and the sFlt1/PlGF ratio were still positively correlated with intima thickness and I/M ratio.

    CONCLUSIONS: Higher sFlt1 levels and sFlt1/PlGF ratios in women with PE were positively associated with signs of arterial aging during pregnancy. About one year postpartum sFlt1 levels and the sFlt1/PlGF ratios were still higher in the PE group, and also associated with the degree of arterial aging.

    Publisher's full text
  • 11.
    Akhter, Tansim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Gynecological endocrinology.
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics. Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Larsson, Marita
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Larsson, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry.
    Wikström, Gerhard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology.
    Naessén, Tord
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Gynecological endocrinology.
    Serum Pentraxin 3 is associated with signs of arterial alteration in women with preeclampsia.2017In: International Journal of Cardiology, ISSN 0167-5273, E-ISSN 1874-1754, Vol. 241, p. 417-422Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE) in pregnancy is a state of exaggerated inflammation and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a novel inflammation marker, are increased during PE and in individuals with CVD. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether serum PTX3 in women with PE is associated with adverse arterial effects; a thicker intima and higher intima/media (I/M) ratio in the common carotid artery (CCA).

    METHODS: Serum PTX3 levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, and individual CCA intima and media thicknesses were estimated by 22MHz non-invasive ultrasound in 55 women at PE diagnosis and 64 women with normal pregnancies at a similar gestational age, and about one year postpartum. A thick intima, thin media and high I/M ratio indicate a less healthy artery wall.

    RESULTS: During pregnancy serum PTX3 correlated positively with intima thickness and I/M ratio but negatively with media thickness (all p<0.0001), indicating adverse arterial effects. About one year postpartum, PTX3 levels had decreased in both groups and there remained no significant group difference or significant correlation with CCA wall layers.

    CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of serum PTX3 in women with PE were significantly associated with signs of adverse arterial effects during pregnancy, but not one year postpartum, supporting the rapid dynamics of PTX3.

    Publisher's full text
  • 12.
    Akram, Frida Hosseini
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Johansson, Bengt
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Mollerstrom, Gunnar
    Oxback Clin, Sodertalje, Sweden..
    Landgren, Britt-Marie
    Karolinska Inst, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Stavreus-Evers, Anneli
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive biology.
    Skjoldebrand-Sparre, Lottie
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Incidence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Hypothyroidism in Early Pregnancy2017In: Journal of Women's Health, ISSN 1540-9996, E-ISSN 1931-843X, Vol. 26, no 11, p. 1231-1235Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Untreated and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been associated with adverse pregnancy complications such as increased risk of miscarriage, hypertension, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery. However, in Sweden, screening for thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is only recommended for women with a high risk of thyroid disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of clinical and SCH in women in the first trimester of pregnancy.

    Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 1298 pregnant women were divided into three groups: one unselected general screening group (n=611), one low-risk group comprising women without risk factors for thyroid disorder (n=511), and one high-risk group comprising women with an inheritance or suspicion of thyroid disease or undergoing treatment for thyroid disease (n=88). Serum was obtained up to gestational week 13, and thyrotropin (TSH) was analyzed.

    Results: The incidences of thyroid dysfunction in the three screening groups were 9.8% in the general screening group, 9.6% in the low-risk group, and 10.2%, p=0.948, in the high-risk group. In the women with known hypothyroidism on levothyroxine treatment, 50.6% had serum TSH levels above 2.0mIU/L.

    Conclusions: High-risk screening is not useful in predicting which women are at risk of thyroid disease in early pregnancy since approximate to 10% of women with SCH or hypothyroidism could not be diagnosed in this way.

    Publisher's full text
  • 13.
    Albertsen, Birgitte Klug
    et al.
    Aarhus Univ Hosp, Children & Adolescent Hlth, Palle Juul Jensens Blvd 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Harila-Saari, Arja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Jahnukainen, Kirsi
    Univ Helsinki, Childrens Hosp, Helsinki, Finland;Univ Helsinki, Cent Hosp, Helsinki, Finland.
    Lahteenmaki, Paivi
    Turku Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Turku, Finland;Turku Univ, Turku, Finland.
    Riikonen, Pekka
    Kuopio Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat, Kuopio, Finland.
    Mottonen, Merja
    Univ Oulu, PEDEGO Res Ctr, Oulu, Finland;Univ Oulu, Med Res Ctr Oulu, Oulu, Finland;Oulu Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Oulu, Finland.
    Lausen, Birgitte
    Univ Hosp, Rigshosp, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Asparaginase treatment in infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia; pharmacokinetics and asparaginase hypersensitivity in Interfant-062019In: Leukemia and Lymphoma, ISSN 1042-8194, E-ISSN 1029-2403, Vol. 60, no 6, p. 1469-1475Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare disease in infants. Asparaginase is an essential part of the treatment, and there Acute is a need to evaluate the efficiency and safety of this drug in this age group. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics of intramuscularly administered native E. coli asparaginase (Asparaginase Medac((R))) and PEG-asparaginase (Oncaspar((R))) as well as hypersensitivity reactions during treatment in Interfant-06 (www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01025804). All patients without hypersensitivity had sufficiently high enzyme activity levels during treatment with both preparations. Patients with hypersensitivity reactions during treatment, characterized by the presence of either or not of clinical symptoms and no measurable enzyme activity, received ineffective therapy. For optimization of the bad prognosis in infant ALL, therapeutic drug monitoring should be performed for identification of patients who should be switched to a different asparaginase preparation because of inactivation of the drug.

    Publisher's full text
  • 14.
    Alfonsson, Sven
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Psychology in Healthcare. Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Ctr Psychiat Res, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Lundgren, Tobias
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Ctr Psychiat Res, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Ctr Psychiat Res, Stockholm, Sweden; Linköping Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Learning, Linköping, Sweden.
    Clinical supervision in cognitive behavior therapy improves therapists' competence: a single-case experimental pilot study2020In: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, ISSN 1650-6073, E-ISSN 1651-2316, Vol. 49, no 5, p. 425-438Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Clinical supervision is a cornerstone in psychotherapists' training but there are few empirical evaluations on the effects of supervision on therapists' competencies. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of standardized supervision on rater-assessed competency in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). Six therapists with basic training in CBT were provided with protocol-based clinical supervision in CBT in a single-case experimental multiple baseline design. The supervision focused on specific CBT competencies and used experiential learning methods such as role-play. Each therapist recorded weekly treatment sessions during phases without and with supervision. The therapists' CBT competence was assessed by third-party raters using the Revised Cognitive Therapy Scale (CTS-R). Statistical analyses showed that the therapists' CTS-R scores increased significantly during the phase with supervision with a mean item increase of M = 0.71 (range = 0.50-1.0) on the supervision focus areas. This is one of the first empirical studies that can confirm that supervision affect CBT competencies. The results also suggest that supervision can be manualized and that supervisees have a positive perception of more active training methods. Further studies are needed to replicate the results and to find ways to improve the impact of supervision.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
    Publisher's full text
  • 15.
    Alfonsson, Sven
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Psychology in Healthcare. Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Ctr Psychiat Res, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Parling, Thomas
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Ctr Psychiat Res, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Spännargård, Åsa
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Ctr Psychiat Res, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Ctr Psychiat Res, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Stockholm, Sweden; Linköping Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Learning, Linköping, Sweden.
    Lundgren, Tobias
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Ctr Psychiat Res, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Stockholm, Sweden.
    The effects of clinical supervision on supervisees and patients in cognitive behavioral therapy: a systematic review2018In: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, ISSN 1650-6073, E-ISSN 1651-2316, Vol. 47, no 3, p. 206-228Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Clinical supervision is a central part of psychotherapist training but the empirical support for specific supervision theories or features is unclear. The aims of this study were to systematically review the empirical research literature regarding the effects of clinical supervision on therapists’ competences and clinical outcomes within Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). A comprehensive database search resulted in 4103 identified publications. Of these, 133 were scrutinized and in the end 5 studies were included in the review for data synthesis. The five studies were heterogeneous in scope and quality and only one provided firm empirical support for the positive effects of clinical supervision on therapists’ competence. The remaining four studies suffered from methodological weaknesses, but provided some preliminary support that clinical supervision may be beneficiary for novice therapists. No study could show benefits from supervision for patients. The research literature suggests that clinical supervision may have some potential effects on novice therapists’ competence compared to no supervision but the effects on clinical outcomes are still unclear. While bug-in-the-eye live supervision may be more effective than standard delayed supervision, the effects of specific supervision models or features are also unclear. There is a continued need for high-quality empirical studies on the effects of clinical supervision in psychotherapy.

    Publisher's full text
  • 16.
    Alfonsson, Sven
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Psychology in Healthcare. Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm, Sweden.
    Spännargård, Åsa
    Parling, Thomas
    Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm, Sweden.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    Lundgren, Tobias
    The effects of clinical supervision on supervisees and patients in cognitive-behavioral therapy: a study protocol for a systematic review2017In: Systematic Reviews, E-ISSN 2046-4053, Vol. 6, no 94, p. 1-6Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Clinical supervision by a senior therapist is a very common practice in psychotherapist training and psychiatric care settings. Though clinical supervision is advocated by most educational and governing institutions, the effects of clinical supervision on the supervisees ’ competence, e.g., attitudes, behaviors, and skills, as well as on treatment outcomes and other patient variables are debated and largely unknown. Evidence-based practice is advocated in clinical settings but has not yet been fully implemented in educational or clinical training settings. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize and present the empirical literature regarding effects of clinical supervision in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Methods: This study will include a systematic review of the literature to identify studies that have empirically investigated the effects of supervision on supervised psychotherapists and/or the supervisees ’ patients. A comprehensive search strategy will be conducted to identify published controlled studies indexed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases. Data on supervision outcomes in both psychotherapists and their patients will be extracted, synthesized, and reported. Risk of bias and quality of the included studies will be assessed systematically. Discussion: This systematic review will rigorously follow established guidelines for systematic reviews in order to summarize and present the evidence base for clinical supervision in cognitive-behavioral therapy and may aid further research and discussion in this area.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Publisher's full text
  • 17.
    Alfonsson, Sven
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Psychology in Healthcare. Centre for Psychiatry Research Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wallin, Emma
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Maathz, Pernilla
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Factor structure and validity of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 in Swedish translation2017In: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 1351-0126, E-ISSN 1365-2850, Vol. 24, no 2-3, p. 154-162Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction There is a constant need for theoretically sound and valid self-report instruments for measuring psychological distress. Previous studies have shown that the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) is theoretically sound, but there have been some inconsistent results regarding its factor structure. Aims The aim of the present study was to investigate and elucidate the factor structure and convergent validity of the DASS-21. Methods A total of 624 participants recruited from student, primary care and psychotherapy populations. The factor structure of the DASS-21 was assessed by confirmatory factor analyses and the convergent validity by investigating its unique correlations with other psychiatric instruments. Results A bifactor structure with depression, anxiety, stress and a general factor provided the best fit indices for the DASS-21. The convergent validity was adequate for the Depression and Anxiety subscales but more ambiguous for the Stress subscale. Discussion The present study overall supports the validity and factor structure of the DASS-21. Implications for practice The DASS-21 can be used to measure symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as overall distress. It can be useful for mental health nurses, and other first-line psychiatric professionals, in need of a short, feasible and valid instrument in everyday care

    Publisher's full text
  • 18.
    Alfonsson, Sven
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Psychology in Healthcare.
    Weineland-Strandskov, Sandra
    Sundbom, Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Upper Abdominal Surgery.
    Self-Reported Hedonism Predicts 12-Month Weight Loss After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass2017In: Obesity Surgery, ISSN 0960-8923, E-ISSN 1708-0428, Vol. 27, no 8, p. 2073-2078Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction Research regarding psychological risk factors for reduced weight loss after bariatric surgery has yielded mixed results, especially for variables measured prior to surgery. More profound personality factors have shown better promise and one such factor that may be relevant in this context is time perspective, i.e., the tendency to focus on present or future consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of time perspective for 12-month weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

    Methods A total of 158 patients were included and completed self-report instruments prior to surgery. Weight loss was measured after 12 months by medical staff. Background variables as well as self-reported disordered eating, psychological distress, and time perspective were analyzed with regression analysis to identify significant predictors for 12-month weight loss.

    Results The mean BMI loss at 12 months was 14 units, from 45 to 30 kg/m(2). Age, sex, and time perspective could significantly predict weight loss but only male sex and self-reported hedonism were independent risk factors for reduced weight loss in the final regression model.

    Conclusion In this study, self-reported hedonistic time perspective proved to be a better predictor for 12-month weight loss than symptoms of disordered eating and psychological distress. It is possible that a hedonistic tendency of focusing on immediate consequences and rewards is analogous to the impaired delay discounting seen in previous studies of bariatric surgery candidates. Further studies are needed to identify whether these patients may benefit from extended care and support after surgery.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Publisher's full text
  • 19.
    Alfonzo, Emilia
    et al.
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden;Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Med Gatan 3, S-41390 Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Wallin, Emelie
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Div Obstet & Gynaecol, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, K 57, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden;Karolinska Inst, K 57, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ekdahl, Linnea
    Skane Univ Hosp, Div Gynaecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, S-22185 Lund, Sweden;Lund Univ, Fac Med, Dept Clin Sci Obstet & Gynaecol, S-22185 Lund, Sweden.
    Staf, Christian
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Reg Canc Ctr Western Sweden, S-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Radestad, Angelique Floter
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Div Obstet & Gynaecol, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, K 57, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden;Karolinska Inst, K 57, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Reynisson, Petur
    Skane Univ Hosp, Div Gynaecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, S-22185 Lund, Sweden;Lund Univ, Fac Med, Dept Clin Sci Obstet & Gynaecol, S-22185 Lund, Sweden.
    Stålberg, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive Health.
    Falconer, Henrik
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Div Obstet & Gynaecol, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, K 57, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden;Karolinska Inst, K 57, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Persson, Jan
    Skane Univ Hosp, Div Gynaecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, S-22185 Lund, Sweden;Lund Univ, Fac Med, Dept Clin Sci Obstet & Gynaecol, S-22185 Lund, Sweden.
    Dahm-Kahler, Pernilla
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden;Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Med Gatan 3, S-41390 Gothenburg, Sweden;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Reg Canc Ctr Western Sweden, S-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden.
    No survival difference between robotic and open radical hysterectomy for women with early-stage cervical cancer: results from a nationwide population-based cohort study2019In: European Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0959-8049, E-ISSN 1879-0852, Vol. 116, p. 169-177Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare overall survival (OS) and diseasefree survival (DFS) after open and robotic radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer. Patients and methods: This was a nationwide population-based cohort study on all women with cervical cancer stage IA1-IB of squamous, adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous histological subtypes, from January 2011 to December 2017, for whom radical hysterectomy was performed. The Swedish Quality Register of Gynaecologic Cancer was used for identification. To ensure quality and conformity of data and to disclose patients not yet registered, hospital registries were reviewed and validated. Cox and propensity score regression analysis and univariable and multivariable regression analysis were performed in regard to OS and DFS. Results: There were 864 women (236 open and 628 robotic) included in the study. The 5-year OS was 92% and 94% and DFS was 84% and 88% for the open and robotic cohorts, respectively. The recurrence pattern was similar in both groups. Using propensity score analysis and matched cohorts of 232 women in each surgical group, no significant differences were seen in survival: 5-year OS of 92% in both groups (hazard ratio [HR], 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-2.01) and DFS of 85% vs 84% in the open and robotic cohort, respectively (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.66-1.78). In univariable and multivariable analysis with OS as the end-point, no significant factors were found, and in regard to DFS, tumour size (p < 0.001) and grade 3 (p = 0.02) were found as independent significant risk factors. Conclusion: In a complete nationwide population-based cohort, where radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer is highly centralised, neither long-term survival nor pattern of recurrence differed significantly between open and robotic surgery. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
    Publisher's full text
  • 20.
    Alkmark, Marten
    et al.
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol,Inst Clin Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Keulen, Judit K. J.
    Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Amsterdam Reprod & Dev Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Kortekaas, Joep C.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    Bergh, Christina
    Gothenburg Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Inst Clin Sci, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Reprod Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    van Dillen, Jeroen
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    Duijnhoven, Ruben G.
    Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Amsterdam Reprod & Dev Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Hagberg, Henrik
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol,Inst Clin Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Mol, Ben Willem
    Monash Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Monash Med Ctr, Clayton, Vic, Australia.;Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen Ctr Womens Hlth Res, Aberdeen, Scotland..
    Molin, Mattias
    Stat Consulting Grp, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    van der Post, Joris A. M.
    Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Amsterdam Reprod & Dev Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Saltvedt, Sissel
    Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wikström, Anna-Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Clinical Obstetrics.
    Wennerholm, Ulla-Britt
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Perinatal Med & Hlth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol,Inst Clin Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    de Miranda, Esteriek
    Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Amsterdam Reprod & Dev Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Induction of labour at 41 weeks or expectant management until 42 weeks: A systematic review and an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomised trials2020In: PLoS Medicine, ISSN 1549-1277, E-ISSN 1549-1676, Vol. 17, no 12, article id e1003436Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundThe risk of perinatal death and severe neonatal morbidity increases gradually after 41 weeks of pregnancy. Several randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed if induction of labour (IOL) in uncomplicated pregnancies at 41 weeks will improve perinatal outcomes. We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) on this subject.Methods and findingsWe searched PubMed, Excerpta Medica dataBASE (Embase), The Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and PsycINFO on February 21, 2020 for RCTs comparing IOL at 41 weeks with expectant management until 42 weeks in women with uncomplicated pregnancies. Individual participant data (IPD) were sought from eligible RCTs. Primary outcome was a composite of severe adverse perinatal outcomes: mortality and severe neonatal morbidity. Additional outcomes included neonatal admission, mode of delivery, perineal lacerations, and postpartum haemorrhage. Prespecified subgroup analyses were conducted for parity (nulliparous/multiparous), maternal age (<35/≥35 years), and body mass index (BMI) (<30/≥30). Aggregate data meta-analysis (MA) was performed to include data from RCTs for which IPD was not available.

    From 89 full-text articles, we identified three eligible RCTs (n = 5,161), and two contributed with IPD (n = 4,561). Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups regarding age, parity, BMI, and higher level of education. IOL resulted overall in a decrease of severe adverse perinatal outcome (0.4% [10/2,281] versus 1.0% [23/2,280]; relative risk [RR] 0.43 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21 to 0.91], p-value 0.027, risk difference [RD] −57/10,000 [95% CI −106/10,000 to −8/10,000], I2 0%). The number needed to treat (NNT) was 175 (95% CI 94 to 1,267).

    Perinatal deaths occurred in one (<0.1%) versus eight (0.4%) pregnancies (Peto odds ratio [OR] 0.21 [95% CI 0.06 to 0.78], p-value 0.019, RD −31/10,000, [95% CI −56/10,000 to −5/10,000], I2 0%, NNT 326, [95% CI 177 to 2,014]) and admission to a neonatal care unit ≥4 days occurred in 1.1% (24/2,280) versus 1.9% (46/2,273), (RR 0.52 [95% CI 0.32 to 0.85], p-value 0.009, RD −97/10,000 [95% CI −169/10,000 to −26/10,000], I2 0%, NNT 103 [95% CI 59 to 385]). There was no difference in the rate of cesarean delivery (10.5% versus 10.7%; RR 0.98, [95% CI 0.83 to 1.16], p-value 0.81) nor in other important perinatal, delivery, and maternal outcomes. MA on aggregate data showed similar results.

    Prespecified subgroup analyses for the primary outcome showed a significant difference in the treatment effect (p = 0.01 for interaction) for parity, but not for maternal age or BMI. The risk of severe adverse perinatal outcome was decreased for nulliparous women in the IOL group (0.3% [4/1,219] versus 1.6% [20/1,264]; RR 0.20 [95% CI 0.07 to 0.60], p-value 0.004, RD −127/10,000, [95% CI −204/10,000 to −50/10,000], I2 0%, NNT 79 [95% CI 49 to 201]) but not for multiparous women (0.6% [6/1,219] versus 0.3% [3/1,264]; RR 1.59 [95% CI 0.15 to 17.30], p-value 0.35, RD 27/10,000, [95% CI −29/10,000 to 84/10,000], I2 55%).

    A limitation of this IPD-MA was the risk of overestimation of the effect on perinatal mortality due to early stopping of the largest included trial for safety reasons after the advice of the Data and Safety Monitoring Board. Furthermore, only two RCTs were eligible for the IPD-MA; thus, the possibility to assess severe adverse neonatal outcomes with few events was limited.ConclusionsIn this study, we found that, overall, IOL at 41 weeks improved perinatal outcome compared with expectant management until 42 weeks without increasing the cesarean delivery rate. This benefit is shown only in nulliparous women, whereas for multiparous women, the incidence of mortality and morbidity was too low to demonstrate any effect. The magnitude of risk reduction of perinatal mortality remains uncertain. Women with pregnancies approaching 41 weeks should be informed on the risk differences according to parity so that they are able to make an informed choice for IOL at 41 weeks or expectant management until 42 weeks.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
    Publisher's full text
  • 21.
    Al-Mashhadi, Ammar
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Häggman, Michael
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Läckgren, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Ladjevardi, Sam
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology.
    Nevéus, Tryggve
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research.
    Stenberg, Arne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Persson, A. Erik G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology.
    Carlstrom, Mattias
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Changes of arterial pressure following relief of obstruction in adults with hydronephrosis2018In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, E-ISSN 2000-1967, Vol. 123, no 4, p. 216-224Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: As much as 20% of all cases of hypertension are associated with kidney malfunctions. We have previously demonstrated in animals and in pediatric patients that hydronephrosis causes hypertension, which was attenuated by surgical relief of the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction. This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate: (1) the proposed link between hydronephrosis, due to UPJ obstruction, and elevated arterial pressure in adults; and (2) if elevated blood pressure in patients with hydronephrosis might be another indication for surgery.

    Materials and methods: Medical records of 212 patients undergoing surgical management of hydronephrosis, due to UPJ obstruction, between 2000 and 2016 were assessed. After excluding patients with confounding conditions and treatments, paired arterial pressures (i.e. before/after surgery) were compared in 49 patients (35 years old; 95% CI 29–39). Split renal function was evaluated by using mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) renography before surgical management of the hydronephrotic kidney.

    Results: Systolic (−11 mmHg; 95% CI 6–15 mmHg), diastolic (−8 mmHg; 95% CI 4–11 mmHg), and mean arterial (-9 mmHg; 95% CI 6–12) pressures were significantly reduced after relief of the obstruction (p < 0.001). Split renal function of the hydronephrotic kidney was 39% (95% CI 37–41). No correlations were found between MAG3 and blood pressure level before surgery or between MAG3 and the reduction of blood pressure after surgical management of the UPJ obstruction.

    Conclusions: In adults with hydronephrosis, blood pressure was reduced following relief of the obstruction. Our findings suggest that elevated arterial pressure should be taken into account as an indication to surgically correct hydronephrosis.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
    Publisher's full text
  • 22.
    Al-Mashhadi, Ammar Nadhom Farman
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Checa, Antonio
    Karolinska Institute.
    Wåhlin, Nils
    Karolinska Institute.
    Nevéus, Tryggve
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research.
    Fossum, Magdalena
    Karolinska institute.
    Wheelock, Craig E.
    Karolinska Institute.
    Karanikas, Birgitta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Stenberg, Arne
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Surgery.
    Persson, A. Erik G.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Cell Biology.
    Carlström, Mattias
    Karolinska Institute.
    Changes in arterial pressure and markers of nitric oxide homeostasis and oxidative stress following surgical correction of hydronephrosis in children2018In: Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, West), ISSN 0931-041X, E-ISSN 1432-198X, Vol. 33, no 4, p. 639-649Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective Recent clinical studies have suggested an increased risk of elevated arterial pressure in patients with hydronephrosis. Animals with experimentally induced hydronephrosis develop hypertension, which is correlated to the degree of obstruction and increased oxidative stress. In this prospective study we investigated changes in arterial pressure, oxidative stress, and nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis following correction of hydronephrosis.

    Methods Ambulatory arterial pressure (24 h) was monitored in pediatric patients with hydronephrosis (n = 15) before and after surgical correction, and the measurements were compared with arterial pressure measurements in two control groups, i.e. healthy controls (n = 8) and operated controls (n = 8). Markers of oxidative stress and NO homeostasis were analyzed in matched urine and plasma samples.

    Results The preoperative mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in hydronephrotic patients [83 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI) 80–88 mmHg] than in healthy controls (74 mmHg; 95% CI 68–80 mmHg; p < 0.05), and surgical correction of ureteral obstruction reduced arterial pressure (76 mmHg; 95% CI 74–79 mmHg; p < 0.05). Markers of oxidative stress (i.e., 11- dehydroTXB2, PGF2α, 8-iso-PGF2α, 8,12-iso-iPF2α-VI) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in patients with hydronephrosis compared with both control groups, and these were reduced following surgery (p < 0.05). Interestingly, there was a trend for increased NO synthase activity and signaling in hydronephrosis, which may indicate compensatory mechanism(s).

    Conclusion This study demonstrates increased arterial pressure and oxidative stress in children with hydronephrosis compared with healthy controls, which can be restored to normal levels by surgical correction of the obstruction. Once reference data on ambulatory blood pressure in this young age group become available, we hope cut-off values can be defined for deciding whether or not to correct hydronephrosis surgically.

    Keywords Blood pressure . Hydronephrosis . Hypertension . Nitric oxide . Oxidative stress . Ureteral obstruction 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Publisher's full text
  • 23.
    Al-Mashhadi, Ammar Nadhom Farman
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Dukic, Milena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology.
    Engstrand Lilja, Helene
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Pediatric Surgery.
    Rhabdomyomatous mesenchymal hamartoma presenting in a child as a perineal mass2019In: Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports, E-ISSN 2213-5766, Vol. 47, article id 101242Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rhabdomyomatous mesenchymal hamartoma (RMH) is a rare hamartomatous lesion in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. It is mostly found in the face and neck region of children. We report a case of solitary RMH located in the perineum of an 8-month-old boy. Microscopic examination of specimen showed a disordered collection of mature adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, adnexal elements and nerve bundles, and immunohistochemistry confirmed a RMH. This case emphasizes the possibility of RMH in the perineum of the children. Even if RMH is a rare condition in the perineum it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a perineal mass in children.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
    Publisher's full text
  • 24.
    Almblad, Ann-Charlotte
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Brylid, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health.
    Engvall, Gunn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Målqvist, Mats
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Increased intensive care admission rate after introduction of Early Detection and Treatment program for Children and the establishment of a pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital in SwedenIn: Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To evaluate the introduction of an Early Detection and Treatment program- Children (EDT-C) including a paediatric early warning score (PEWS) in relation to admission and length of stay at intensive care unit (ICU). Design: Before-after study utilizing data from the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) system, comparing outcomes over a total time period of 60 months between April 2010 and September 2015. Setting: A Swedish tertiary hospital. Patients: A total of 16,283 paediatric patients were included over the study period. Interventions: EDT-C including PEWS Measurements and Main Results: The following variables were extracted from the EPR data: 1) Admissions to paediatric wards 2) Length of stay at paediatric wards 3) Admissions to intensive care units 4) Length of stay at intensive care unit 5) Diagnosis. Intensive care unit admission increased from 5.0% (440/8746) before to 10.2 % (772/7537) after the introduction of the EDT-C (p<0.01). Mean treatment time at ICU did not change (41.0 vs 48.3 hours, p=0.23). Conclusion: The introduction of EDT-C including PEWS, in conjunction with the establishment of a paediatric intensive care unit at the hospital, resulted in an increased intensive care admittance rate among paediatric in-patients.

  • 25.
    Almblad, Ann-Charlotte
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Siltberg, Petra
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Engvall, Gunn
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Neuropediatrics/Paediatric oncology.
    Målqvist, Mats
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Child Health and Nutrition.
    Implementation of Pediatric Early Warning Score: Adherence to Guidelines and Influence of Context2018In: Journal of Pediatric Nursing: Nursing Care of Children and Families, ISSN 0882-5963, E-ISSN 1532-8449, Vol. 38, p. 33-39Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To describe data of Pediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) registrations and to evaluate the implementation of PEWS by examining adherence to clinical guidelines based on measured PEWS, and to relate findings to work context.

    DESIGN AND METHODS: PEWS, as a part of a concept called Early Detection and Treatment-Children (EDT-C) was implemented at three wards at a Children's Hospital in Sweden. Data were collected from the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) retrospectively to assess adherence to guidelines. The Alberta Context Tool (ACT) was used to assess work context among healthcare professionals (n=110) before implementation of EDT-C.

    RESULTS: The majority of PEWS registrations in EPR were low whereas 10% were moderate to high. Adherences to ward-specific guidelines at admission and for saturation in respiratory distress were high whereas adherence to pain assessment was low. There were significant differences in documented recommended actions between wards. Some differences in leadership and evaluation between wards were identified.

    CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of PEWS implementation indicated frequent use of the tool despite most scores being low. High scores (5-9) occurred 28 times, which may indicate that patients with a high risk of clinical deterioration were identified. Documentation of the consequent recommended actions was however incomplete and there was a large variation in adherence to guidelines. Contextual factors may have an impact on adherence.

    PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: EDT-C can lead to increased knowledge about early detection of deterioration, strengthen nurses as professionals, optimize treatment and teamwork and thereby increase patient safety for children treated in hospitals.

    Publisher's full text
  • 26.
    Altman, Daniel
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Reproductive Health. Uppsala Univ, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Uppsala, Sweden;Stockholm Urogynecol Clin, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Geale, Kirk
    Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Umea, Sweden.
    Falconer, Christian
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Div Obstet & Gynecol, S-18288 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Morcos, Edward
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Div Obstet & Gynecol, S-18288 Stockholm, Sweden.
    A generic health-related quality of life instrument for assessing pelvic organ prolapse surgery: correlation with condition-specific outcome measures2018In: International Urogynecology Journal, ISSN 0937-3462, E-ISSN 1433-3023, Vol. 29, no 8, p. 1093-1099Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to investigate the use of a generic and globally accessible instrument for assessing health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery. In a prospective multicenter setting, 207 women underwent surgery for apical prolapse [stage ae<yen>2, Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantificcation (POP-Q) system] with or without anterior wall defect. Demographic and surgical characteristics were collected before surgery. Results of the 15-dimensional (15D) instrument and condition-specific pelvic floor symptoms as assessed using the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory questionnaire (PFDI-20), including its subscales Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory-6 (POPDI-6), Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory-8 (CRADI-8), and Urinary Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6), were assessed preoperatively and 2 months and 1 year after surgery. HR-QoL as estimated by 15D was improved 1 year after surgery (p < 0.001). Prolapse-related 15D profile-index measures (excretion, discomfort, sexual activity, distress, and mobility) were significantly improved after surgery (p < 0.05-0.001). Significant inverse associations were detected between increased 15D scores and a decrease in PFDI-20 and subscale scores (p < 0.001), indicating improvements on both instruments. Generic HR-QoL as estimated by 15D improved significantly after apical POP surgery and correlated with improvements of condition-specific outcome measures. These results suggest that a comprehensive evaluation of global HR-QoL is valid in assessing pelvic reconstructive surgery and may provide novel and important insights into previously understudied areas, such as cost-utility and cost-effectiveness analysis after urogynecological surgery.

    Publisher's full text
  • 27.
    Alving, Kjell
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research.
    FENO and suspected asthma: better to identify responsiveness to treatment than to label with a diagnosis2018In: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, ISSN 2213-2600, E-ISSN 2213-2619, Vol. 6, no 1, p. 3-5Article in journal (Other academic)
    Publisher's full text
  • 28.
    Alving, Kjell
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research.
    FeNO and the Prediction of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction2018In: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, ISSN 2213-2198, E-ISSN 2213-2201, Vol. 6, no 3, p. 863-864Article in journal (Other academic)
    Publisher's full text
  • 29.
    Alving, Kjell
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research.
    Anolik, Robert
    Crater, Glenn
    LaForce, Craig F.
    Rickard, Kathy
    Validation of a new portable exhaled nitric oxide analyzer, NIOX VERO®: Randomized studies in asthma2017In: Pulmonary Therapy, Vol. 3, p. 207-218Article in journal (Refereed)
    Publisher's full text
  • 30.
    Alving, Kjell
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation, Metabolism and Child Health Research.
    Diamant, Zuzana
    Lund Univ, Dept Resp Med & Allergol, Lund, Sweden.;Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 1, Dept Resp Med, Prague, Czech Republic.;Thomayer Hosp, Prague, Czech Republic..
    Lucas, Sarah
    Resp Effectiveness Grp, Ely, Cambs, England..
    Magnussen, Helgo
    German Ctr Lung Res, Airway Res Ctr North, Lung Clin Grosshansdorf, Pulm Res Inst, Grosshansdorf, Germany..
    Pavord, Ian D.
    Univ Oxford, Resp Med Unit, Oxford, England.;Univ Oxford, Oxford Resp NIHR Biomed Res Ctr, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England..
    Piacentini, Giorgio
    Univ Verona, Dept Surg Dent Paediat & Gynaecol, Paediat Sect, Verona, Italy..
    Price, David
    Univ Aberdeen, Inst Appl Hlth Sci, Ctr Acad Primary Care, Aberdeen, Scotland.;Observat & Pragmat Res Inst, Singapore, Singapore..
    Roche, Nicolas
    Univ Paris 05, Hop Cochin, Serv Pneumol, Paris, France..
    Sastre, Joaquin
    Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Allergy Div, Madrid, Spain..
    Thomas, Mike
    Univ Southampton, Primary Care & Populat Sci, Southampton, Hants, England..
    Usmani, Omar
    Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Airway Dis Sect, London, England.;Royal Brompton Hosp, London, England..
    Bjermer, Leif
    Lund Univ, Dept Resp Med & Allergol, Lund, Sweden..
    Point-of-care biomarkers in asthma management: Time to move forward2020In: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, ISSN 0105-4538, E-ISSN 1398-9995, Vol. 75, no 4, p. 995-997Article in journal (Other academic)
    Publisher's full text
  • 31.
    Amaral, Rita
    et al.
    Univ Porto, Fac Med, CINTESIS Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res, Edificio Nascente,Piso 2,Rua Dr Placido Costa S-N, P-4200450 Porto, Portugal;Porto Hlth Sch, Dept Cardiovasc & Resp Sci, Porto, Portugal.
    Fonseca, Joao A.
    Univ Porto, Fac Med, CINTESIS Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res, Edificio Nascente,Piso 2,Rua Dr Placido Costa S-N, P-4200450 Porto, Portugal;Univ Porto, Fac Med, MEDCIDS Dept Community Med Informat & Hlth Sci, Porto, Portugal;Inst & Hosp CUF, Dept Allergy, Porto, Portugal.
    Jacinto, Tiago
    Univ Porto, Fac Med, CINTESIS Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res, Edificio Nascente,Piso 2,Rua Dr Placido Costa S-N, P-4200450 Porto, Portugal;Porto Hlth Sch, Dept Cardiovasc & Resp Sci, Porto, Portugal;Inst & Hosp CUF, Dept Allergy, Porto, Portugal.
    Pereira, Ana M.
    Univ Porto, Fac Med, CINTESIS Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res, Edificio Nascente,Piso 2,Rua Dr Placido Costa S-N, P-4200450 Porto, Portugal;Inst & Hosp CUF, Dept Allergy, Porto, Portugal.
    Malinovschi, Andrei
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology.
    Janson, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Alving, Kjell
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research.
    Having concomitant asthma phenotypes is common and independently relates to poor lung function in NHANES 2007-20122018In: Clinical and Translational Allergy, E-ISSN 2045-7022, Vol. 8, article id 13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Evidence for distinct asthma phenotypes and their overlap is becoming increasingly relevant to identify personalized and targeted therapeutic strategies. In this study, we aimed to describe the overlap of five commonly reported asthma phenotypes in US adults with current asthma and assess its association with asthma outcomes. Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2007-2012 were used (n =30,442). Adults with current asthma were selected. Asthma phenotypes were: B-Eos-high [if blood eosinophils (B-Eos) >= 300/mm(3)]; FeNO-high (FeNO >= 35 ppb); B-Eos&FeNO-low (B-Eos < 150/mm(3) and FeNO < 20 ppb); asthma with obesity (AwObesity) (BMI >= 30 kg/m(2)); and asthma with concurrent COPD. Data were weighted for the US population and analyses were stratified by age (< 40 and >= 40 years old). Results: Of the 18,619 adults included, 1059 (5.6% [95% CI 5.1-5.9]) had current asthma. A substantial overlap was observed both in subjects aged < 40 years (44%) and >= 40 years (54%). The more prevalent specific overlaps in both age groups were AwObesity associated with either B-Eos-high (15 and 12%, respectively) or B-Eos&FeNO-low asthma (13 and 11%, respectively). About 14% of the current asthma patients were"non-classified". Regardless of phenotype classification, having concomitant phenotypes was significantly associated with (adjusted OR, 95% CI) >= 2 controller medications (2.03, 1.16-3.57), and FEV1 < LLN (3.21, 1.74-5.94), adjusted for confounding variables. Conclusions: A prevalent overlap of commonly reported asthma phenotypes was observed among asthma patients from the general population, with implications for objective asthma outcomes. A broader approach may be required to better characterize asthma patients and prevent poor asthma outcomes.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Publisher's full text
  • 32.
    Amaral, Rita
    et al.
    Univ Porto, CINTESIS Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res, Fac Med, Edificio Nascente,Piso 2, P-4200450 Porto, Portugal;Porto Hlth Sch, Dept Cardiovasc & Resp Sci, Porto, Portugal.
    Pereira, Ana M.
    Univ Porto, CINTESIS Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res, Fac Med, Edificio Nascente,Piso 2, P-4200450 Porto, Portugal;Inst & Hosp CUF, Dept Allergy, Porto, Portugal.
    Jacinto, Tiago
    Univ Porto, CINTESIS Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res, Fac Med, Edificio Nascente,Piso 2, P-4200450 Porto, Portugal;Porto Hlth Sch, Dept Cardiovasc & Resp Sci, Porto, Portugal.
    Malinovschi, Andrei
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology.
    Janson, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Lung- allergy- and sleep research.
    Alving, Kjell
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Research group (Dept. of women´s and children´s health), Paediatric Inflammation Research.
    Fonseca, Joao A.
    Univ Porto, CINTESIS Ctr Hlth Technol & Serv Res, Fac Med, Edificio Nascente,Piso 2, P-4200450 Porto, Portugal;Inst & Hosp CUF, Dept Allergy, Porto, Portugal;Univ Porto, MEDCIDS Dept Community Med Informat & Hlth Sci, Fac Med, Porto, Portugal.
    Comparison of hypothesis- and data-driven asthma phenotypes in NHANES 2007-2012: the importance of comprehensive data availability2019In: Clinical and Translational Allergy, E-ISSN 2045-7022, Vol. 9, article id 17Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Half of the adults with current asthma among the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants could be classified in more than one hypothesis-driven phenotype. A data-driven approach applied to the same subjects may allow a more useful classification compared to the hypothesis-driven one.

    Aim

    To compare previously defined hypothesis-driven with newly derived data-driven asthma phenotypes, identified by latent class analysis (LCA), in adults with current asthma from NHANES 2007-2012.

    Methods

    Adults (18years) with current asthma from the NHANES were included (n=1059). LCA included variables commonly used to subdivide asthma. LCA models were derived independently according to age groups: <40 and 40years old.

    Results

    Two data-driven phenotypes were identified among adults with current asthma, for both age groups. The proportions of the hypothesis-driven phenotypes were similar among the two data-driven phenotypes (p>0.05). Class A <40years (n=285; 75%) and Class A 40years (n=462; 73%), respectively, were characterized by a predominance of highly symptomatic asthma subjects with poor lung function, compared to Class B <40years (n=94; 25%) and Class B 40years (n=170; 27%). Inflammatory biomarkers, smoking status, presence of obesity and hay fever did not markedly differ between the phenotypes.

    Conclusion

    Both data- and hypothesis-driven approaches using clinical and physiological variables commonly used to characterize asthma are suboptimal to identify asthma phenotypes among adults from the general population. Further studies based on more comprehensive disease features are required to identify asthma phenotypes in population-based studies.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
    Publisher's full text