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Introduction: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Tanzania, non-adherence and treatment abandonment are major factors contributing to low childhood cancer survival rates. Providing guardians with reminders and information via an SMS intervention may increase adherence and reduce treatment abandonment. The purpose of the GuardiansCan project is to reduce guardians' abandonment of children's maintenance therapy for acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (ALL) in Tanzania, thereby increasing ALL survival rates in the country by developing and evaluating an SMS intervention. We report initial results from phase one of a mixed-method examination of public contribution activities in the GuardiansCan project. We aimed to: recruit guardians of children treated for ALL to a Guardian Advisory Board (GAB) to contribute to the design and conduct of Study II within the GuardiansCan project (Study II) and the wider GuardiansCan project; and examine the acceptability, feasibility, and impact of GAB members' contribution from the perspective of GAB members and public contribution coordinators (coordinators).

Methods: We adopted a convergent parallel mixed-methods design, using impact logs and semi-structured interviews, with data integrated at the point of analysis. During four workshops, GAB members provided suggestions and recommendations, which were recorded in impact logs. GAB members and coordinators were interviewed about the acceptability, feasibility, and impact of GAB members' contributions.

Results: Nine guardians were recruited. GAB members made 63 suggestions and recommendations, of which 50 (79%) were implemented. Semi-structured interviews resulted in seven categories: Meaning and value, Motivation and willingness to volunteer, Suggestions and areas for improvement, Barriers and challenges, Facilitators, Personal impact, and Research impact.

Conclusion: Findings suggest GAB members' contribution was acceptable and feasible, and had an impact on both the research and GAB members themselves. Findings can inform how to meaningfully involve public contributors in LMICs.

Introduction: Public contribution is increasingly prioritised by research institutions, funding bodies, and policymakers globally. However, the evidence base for the impact of public contribution remains limited. Researchers and public contributors' experiences of such activities are also rarely reported. We worked alongside a Public Advisory Group (PAG) consisting of informal caregivers of people with dementia during a series of studies to inform the development and adaptation of a guided low-intensity behavioural activation intervention for people with dementia (INVOLVERA). The overall aim of the current study was to explore the experience, process, and impact of involving caregivers of people with dementia as public contributors during the intervention development phase of INVOLVERA.

Methods: Public contribution activities were recorded using impact logs from PAG meetings, from which public contributors' suggestions for the intervention were extracted and categorised, and the implementation rate calculated. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with public contributors (n = 4) and researchers (n = 3), and analysed using manifest content analysis.

Results: Public contributors made 158 suggestions across nine PAG meetings, with 76% of these implemented by the researchers. Analysis of interviews generated three categories: Perceived impacts, Interactions and facilitators, and Future challenges and opportunities. Interviews suggested public contribution activities positively impacted the research (e.g., improving intervention acceptability) and those involved (e.g., new knowledge and skills). Public contributors provided valuable recommendations for involving people with dementia and male caregivers in future activities.

Conclusions: Findings illustrate a positive impact of public contribution activities on the research and those involved. This underscores the important role of public contribution during the development of complex interventions and further emphasises the need for comprehensive reporting on the impact of such activities. We believe this study strengthens the evidence base for public contribution and offers practical insights into fostering effective partnerships with public contributors.

Public Contribution: A PAG consisting of wives and daughters (n = 4) of people with dementia worked alongside the researchers throughout the intervention development phase of the project. Contributions included (1) sense-making and interpreting results from a series of intervention development studies, (2) co-designing the intervention, and (3) disseminating findings, including co-writing the current paper.

Mast cells (MCs) have a well-established detrimental role in allergic conditions, but they can also impact diverse malignant conditions, including melanoma. To study the latter, previous studies have mainly evaluated how MCs can influence melanomas/melanoma cells. However, the inverse scenario, that is, whether melanoma/melanoma cells might impact MCs, has received less attention. Here we investigated this issue and show that melanoma cell-conditioned medium had a strong growth-inhibitory impact on MCs, which was attributed to inhibition of MC proliferation combined with induction of apoptosis. Further, our data indicate that such effects were attributable to melanin present in the melanoma cell-conditioned medium, as similar antiproliferative effects were seen in response to both free melanin and to melanocores enriched from melanoma cell-conditioned medium. Melanin did not reduce the expression of MC markers but was shown to impair MC activation. We also demonstrate that melanin is taken up by MCs, both in cultured MCs and in vivo in melanoma tumors, and it was observed that melanin, after uptake, can be found in the MC nucleus. Further, we show that melanin had marked effects on the nuclear morphology in MCs accompanied by clipping of core histone 3, and it is demonstrated that these events were dependent on translocation of tryptase, a granule-localized protease, into the MC nucleus. Tryptase was also shown to affect the mechanism of melanin-induced cell death. Altogether, the present study outlines a newly identified mechanism by which melanoma cells can suppress MC function, potentially representing an immunosuppressive mechanism that may influence tumor growth.