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Many of the most climate vulnerable countries are also the most fragile and conflict-affected. Despite less capability to adapt to the impacts of climate change, these countries receive less climate finance on average than non-fragile states. The concept of fragility is receiving increased attention in the international community, and research on the climate-conflict nexus and environmental peacebuilding is growing. Yet, a better understanding of how to pursue effective climate action in these contexts is needed. This thesis addresses this knowledge gap by investigating how and to what extent conflict considerations and peacebuilding efforts are integrated in climate change adaptation projects in fragile and conflict-affected settings. A purposive sample of 15 projects approved in 2022-2023 from the three main multilateral climate funds were analyzed through a framework analysis method based on a novel three-step approach to the design of adaptation projects in fragile and-conflict affected settings. The results indicate variability and lack of systematic methodology in how conflict aspects and peacebuilding elements are integrated into project designs, a general tendency of silo-thinking climate-conflict dynamics, but also that a majority of projects engage with the concept of environmental peacebuilding. The findings imply that if conflict considerations and peacebuilding efforts were to be mainstreamed more prevalently in adaptation projects in fragile and conflict-affected settings, there is a critical need to develop suitable policies and guidelines to support this work. This includes more widely accepted frameworks and to generate more robust evidence on the interaction between climate, conflict, fragility and peacebuilding.