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Patient specific deep learning based segmentation for magnetic resonance guided prostate radiotherapy
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences. Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Med Phys, Uppsala, Sweden..
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology. Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Med Phys, Uppsala, Sweden..
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Information Technology, Computerized Image Analysis and Human-Computer Interaction. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7764-1787
2022 (English)In: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, E-ISSN 2405-6316, Vol. 23, p. 38-42Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background and Purpose: Treatments on combined Magnetic Resonance (MR) scanners and Linear Accelerators (Linacs) for radiotherapy, called MR-Linacs, often require daily contouring. Currently, deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms propagate contours from reference scans, however large shape and size changes can be troublesome. Artificial neural network (ANN) based contouring may alleviate this issue, however generally requires large datasets for training. Mitigating the problem of scarcity of data, we propose patient specific networks trained on a single dataset for each patient, for contouring onto the following datasets in an adaptive MR-Linacworkflow. Materials and Methods: MR-scans from 17 prostate patients treated on an MR-Linac with contours of Clinical Target Volume (CTV), bladder and rectum were utilized. U-net shaped models were trained based on the image from the first fraction of each patient, and subsequently applied onto the following treatment images. Results were compared with manual contours in terms of the Dice coefficient and Added Path Length (APL). As benchmark, contours propagated through the clinical DIR algorithm were similarly evaluated. Results: In Dice coefficient the ANN output was 0.92 +/- 0.03, 0.93 +/- 0.07 and 0.84 +/- 0.10 while for DIR 0.95 +/- 0.03, 0.93 +/- 0.08, 0.88 +/- 0.06 for CTV, bladder and rectum respectively. Similarly, APL where 3109 +/- 1642, 7250 +/- 4234 and 5041 +/- 2666 for ANN and 1835 +/- 1621, 7236 +/- 4287 and 4170 +/- 2920 voxels for DIR. Conclusions: Patient specific ANN models trained on images from the first fraction of a prostate MR-Linac treatment showed similar accuracy when applied to the subsequent fraction images as a clinically implemented DIR method.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2022. Vol. 23, p. 38-42
National Category
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging
Research subject
Computerized Image Processing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-482662DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2022.06.001ISI: 000836498300006PubMedID: 35769110OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-482662DiVA, id: diva2:1698117
Available from: 2022-09-22 Created: 2022-09-22 Last updated: 2024-04-09Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Machine Learning in Magnetic Resonance-Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Machine Learning in Magnetic Resonance-Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In radiotherapy, treatments are frequently distributed over multiple weeks, and the radiation dose delivered across several sessions. A significant hurdle in this approach is the anatomical changes that occur between the planning stage and subsequent treatment sessions, leading to uncertainties in the treatment. The MR-Linac system, which combines a linear accelerator with an MRI scanner, addresses this issue by allowing for daily adjustments to the treatment plan based on the patient's current anatomy. However, the process for making these adjustments, involving image fusion, re-contouring, and plan re-optimization, can be quite elaborate and time-consuming. This project aimed to identify opportunities within the daily treatment routine where machine learning and deep learning could streamline the process, thereby enhancing efficiency, with a focus on prostate cancer treatments due to their frequent occurrence at our facility. We leveraged deep learning to train patient-specific models for segmenting anatomical structures in daily MRI scans, matching the accuracy of existing deformable image registration techniques. Furthermore, we extended this concept to segmenting structures and predicting radiation dose distributions, offering a swift assessment of potential dose distribution before engaging in the more complex manual workflow. This could aid in selecting the most suitable adaptation method more quickly. Additionally, we developed motion models for intrafractional motion and for segmenting images at lower resolutions to facilitate a target tracking process. Throughout this project, we showed how machine learning and deep learning techniques could contribute to optimizing the daily MR-Linac workflow.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2024. p. 55
Series
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine, ISSN 1651-6206 ; 2044
National Category
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging
Research subject
Medical Radiophysics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-526296 (URN)978-91-513-2114-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-05-31, H:son Holmdahlsalen, Akademiska Sjukhuset, ing 100, Uppsala, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-05-06 Created: 2024-04-09 Last updated: 2024-05-16

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Fransson, SamuelTilly, DavidStrand, Robin

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