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To avoid the worst consequences and risks of climate change, profound action is needed on both producer and consumer fronts. With regard to consumption, it is uncertain whether politicians have the will and capacity needed to pursue climate policies that limit individual consumption, and it has not been systematically studied whether individuals are willing to accept such policies. This thesis examines the political feasibility of climate policies that steer towards absolute consumption reductions, with a particular focus on public attitudes towards meat and fuel rationing. The study – using a variety of approaches, methods, and empirical data – paints a mixed picture of the possibility of introducing policies that limit individual consumption. On the one hand, absolute consumption reductions are given low priority in relation to technological development and increased efficiency in production in Swedish climate and energy policy. On the other hand, there is a significant variation in public attitudes towards rationing between individuals and countries. Higher levels of acceptability are observed among individuals from the middle-income countries India and South Africa, compared to the high-income countries Germany and the US. In high-income countries, acceptability is higher among those who are concerned over climate change, who lean to the political left, whose lifestyles would not be significantly affected by rationing, and among those who consider rationing fair and a reasonable limitation of personal freedom. Simultaneously, a significant proportion of individuals in the high-income countries Sweden, Germany, and the US express strong opposition towards the idea of rationing. This thesis enhances our understanding of the political feasibility of stringent consumer-oriented climate policies. By corroborating, generalizing, and deepening insights from prior research on climate policy attitudes, and by establishing causal relationships for how the specific design of rationing influences attitudes, this thesis strengthens our knowledge of why and when individuals are willing to accept stringent and restrictive consumer-oriented climate policies. These insights inform scientific and political debates on the limits and opportunities in pursuing stringent climate policy aimed at reducing the climate impact of consumption.