Swedish compulsory schools are committed to work for equality andsocial cohesion. Increasing school segregation, however, challenges thiscommitment. Based on survey data from Swedish municipalities, thisarticle maps and analyses local initiatives that counteract schoolsegregation. We identify three main types of initiatives—reinforcement,dispersal, and merging—and the exogenous (school external) andendogenous (school internal) drivers involved in each of them. Theanalysis reveals several gaps between the national level, the municipallevel and local schools that hamper local efforts to counter schoolsegregation. This article contributes to increased knowledge on howlocal initiatives of counteracting segregation are constrained by nationalpolicies about school choice and independent versus municipal schools,but also how local initiatives tend to focus on organizational dynamicsrather than on social and pedagogical processes.