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Background

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous disease. Whereas some patients have an indolent disease, others experience an aggressive course and early death. Our aim was to investigate if modifiable and non-modifiable medical history and lifestyle factors prior to diagnosis had an impact on the natural course of the disease.

Method

In 1154 CLL patients, we assessed if the weight, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption or non-modifiable characteristics including family history of lymphoid malignancy and medical history were associated with time-to-first-treatment (TTFT) and adjusted all results for the CLL-International Prognostic Index (CLL-IPI).

Results

TTFT was shorter for patients with high/very high-risk CLL-IPI than those with low/intermediate risk CLL-IPI. In the adjusted analysis we did not find additional impact on TTFT besides CLL-IPI from any environmental characteristics assessed.

Conclusions

We found limited impact of environmental factors on the natural course of CLL (measured as the TTFT in treatment na & iuml;ve patients) providing valuable knowledge, and potential relief, to share with patients at the time of diagnosis. How patients have lived their life (i.e. degree of physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption) has no impact on the natural course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), measured as time to first treatment, while CLL-international prognostic index (IPI) and its components strongly predicts prognosis. image