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Photochemical modeling of Ar+ ions in the Martian dayside ionosphere: Implications for ionospheric modeling on Mars
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala Division.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0578-6244
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala Division.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2647-8259
Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA USA..
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala Division.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3497-3209
2025 (English)In: Astronomy and Astrophysics, ISSN 0004-6361, E-ISSN 1432-0746, Vol. 701, article id A293Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The Martian dayside ionosphere has been widely modeled using photochemical equilibrium calculations. These efforts have mostly focused on dominant ion species in order to make comparisons with orbital observations and on displaying non-negligible model-observation discrepancies. In this study, we investigate Ar+ions in the Martian dayside ionosphere, an ion species with a relatively simple chemistry, and perform both case-by-case orbital comparisons and a statistical comparison over five years of observations by the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission. Statistically, the ratio of modeled to observed Ar+densities increases from ∼1 near 130 km to ∼4 at 220 km, with notable variations as a function of the solar zenith angle. Pressure-dependent discrepancies show a weaker correlation with the solar zenith angle. Model performance improves when incorporating (i) a higher reaction rate coefficient for the charge transfer between Ar+and CO2 and/or (ii) reduced solar irradiance. At altitudes above 200 km, Ar+loss via reactions with H2 becomes increasingly important. However, we find that model-observation agreement varies between orbits: Some show strong consistency, particularly during Deep Dip campaigns, while others exhibit systematic deviations or significant discrepancies. We suggest that while systematic adjustments to reaction rate coefficients, ionization cross sections, solar irradiance, or background neutral densities may improve model fidelity for certain orbits, capturing the dynamic and time-varying nature of the Martian ionosphere requires further comprehensive investigations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
EDP Sciences, 2025. Vol. 701, article id A293
Keywords [en]
astrochemistry, planets and satellites: atmospheres
National Category
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics Vehicle and Aerospace Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-569148DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202555806ISI: 001582479600008OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-569148DiVA, id: diva2:2005336
Funder
Swedish National Space Board, 2022-00201Available from: 2025-10-09 Created: 2025-10-09 Last updated: 2025-10-09Bibliographically approved

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Cheng, LongVigren, ErikPersson, Moa

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