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The Triphylite Group Minerals from the Bergby-Axmarby LCT-Pegmatite Field, Central Sweden
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Mineralogy Petrology and Tectonics.
2025 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Trifytlitgruppmineral från Bergby-Axmarby LCT-Pegmatitfält, Mellansverige (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

During a geological field course in 2017, a boulder containing the lithium ore mineral, spodumene, was discovered in the Bergy-Hamrånge area, Sweden. Through exploration efforts, this finding lead to the discovery of a Lithium-Cesium-Tantalum-type granitic pegmatite system. Iron manganese phosphates occur on the more evolved bodies of the field, representing around 1% of their mineralogical makeup. This project focuses on the characterization of the triphylite group minerals found within the LCT-pegmatites by using methods such as, optical petrographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and RAMAN spectra analysis. The results conclude that the triphylite group is represented by heterosite, functioning as a primary mineral, while scholzite and mitridatite are present within certain fractures as secondary minerals. Through chemical and textural relations, a further understanding of the chemical evolution of the ore body was reached. The occupancy of the M2 site in the triphylite group minerals showcased an imbalance in the Fe/Mn ratio, characterized by low Mn content and a much higher Fe availability. Additionally, the lithium richness of the rock was not reflected in the crystallochemistry of the heterosite. This could be explained by a higher affinity of the alkali metal for the structure of other minerals and evidenced by the low Li content in the M1 site of the triphylite group phosphates.

Abstract [sv]

Under en geologisk fältkurs 2017 påträffades ett flyttblock innehållande litiummalmmineralet spodumen i Bergby-Hamrångeområdet, Sverige. Genom prospektering i området har upptäckten av ett granitiskt pegmatitsystem av litium-cesium-tantaltyp gjorts. I mer utvecklade kroppar förekommer järnmanganfosfat som utgör cirka 1% av den mineralogiska sammansättningen. Detta projekt fokuserar på karakterisering av mineral i trifylitgruppen som förekommer i LCT-pegmatiter genom metoderna optisk petrografisk mikroskopi, svepelektronmikroskopi (SEM), våglängdsdispersiv spektroskopi (WDS), energidispersiv spektroskopi (EDS), röntgenpulverdiffraktion (XRD) and RAMAN-spektralanalys. Resultaten visar att trifylitgruppen representeras av heterosit, som ett primärt mineral, medan scholzit och mitridatit förekommer som sekundära mineral i vissa sprickor. Genom kemiska och texturella relationer uppnåddes en ytterligare förståelse för den kemiska utvecklingen av malmkroppen. Beläggningen av M2-platsen i mineralet i trifylitgruppen visade på en obalans i Fe/Mn-förhållandet, som kännetecknas av lågt Mn-innehåll och en mycket högre andel Fe. Dessutom återspeglas inte bergartens litiumrikedom i heterositens kristallkemi. Viket kan förklaras av att alkalimetallen har en högre affinitet för strukturen hos andra mineral, vilket framgår i det låga Li-innehållet i M1-platsen hos fosfaterna i trifylitgruppen. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 17
Keywords [en]
Li-Fe-Mn phosphates, pegmatites, RAMAN spectra analysis, wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, optical petrographic microscopy
Keywords [sv]
Li-Mn-Fe fosfater, pegmatit, RAMAN spektra analys, våglängdspridnings spektroskopi, optiskpetrografisk mikroskopering
National Category
Geology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-562279OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-562279DiVA, id: diva2:1977966
Subject / course
Earth science
Educational program
Bachelor Programme in Earth Science
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-06-27 Created: 2025-06-26 Last updated: 2025-06-27Bibliographically approved

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